588:
136:. The cave has yielded several significant human remains and artifacts from the Neolithic and Bronze Ages. Three almost complete skulls were discovered, along with other cranial fragments from multiple individuals. This suggests that people repeatedly returned to the site to reuse it as a burial ground.
306:
A large circular-shaped rimstone with an approximate diameter of 1.5 metres (4 ft 11 in) is located towards the bottom of the cave; a significant accumulation of angular interlocked limestone clasts were documented here, constituting the closure of a burial of great archaeological interest
325:
remains, a ceramic record emerged consisting of common finds from this chrono-cultural period such as bowls with in-turned, straight or parabolic rims, large globular vessels and some pots. The goat and
444:
279:
continued to develop in many caves. A ceramic record was discovered consisting of cooking pots and bowls, along with large amounts of goat bones, many of them young, and hearth remains.
209:
The cave's sequence features three phases of human occupation with clearly differentiated sedimentary levels, in addition to a further two levels which are archaeologically sterile:
287:
Given the lack of data available in southern Iberia in relation to the Bronze Age, the discoveries unearthed at Bray's Cave are of great importance. Previous findings, conducted by
758:
370:
The Y-chromosomal haplogroup R1b-P312 and mitochondrial haplogroup T2e1 were identified in the sample I10941/120 (1900-1400 BC, Gibraltar_EBA) of the Bray Cave.
783:
683:
448:
893:
233:
occupation of a pastoral character, whereby the occupants made use of the cave as a 'refuge' leaving behind the remains of their ceramic belongings and
828:
973:
576:
554:
517:"Gibraltar: Medieval Archaeology. Primeras aportaciones de un proyecto de investigación. Excavación arqueológica en el Museo de Gibraltar"
152:. It is important to note its location on the western slopes of the Rock where caves are far less common than on the eastern cliffs where
46:
1006:
475:
318:
The burials are scattered throughout the cave, demonstrating burial areas and areas resulting from the removal of these to be reused.
333:
The burials unearthed at Bray's Cave have added to the number of known burial sites of this period in southern Iberia, such as the
515:; Giles Pacheco, Francisco; Blanes Delgado, Carmen; Santiago Pérez, Antonio; Aguilera Rodríguez, Luis (November–December 1996).
264:
in the 12th century and is the predecessor of modern-day
Gibraltar. It was a key stronghold for the Marinid Protectorate in the
398:
1011:
948:
303:, excavations carried out by non-specialists, suggested that some of the caves of Gibraltar had had a funerary use.
569:
335:
823:
476:"La Puerta de Granada de Gibraltar. Nuevas Aportaciones a la Arquitectura y Arqueología Islámica Gibraltareña"
144:
Bray's Cave is located at a height of 400 metres (1,300 ft) above sea level on the western slopes of the
908:
813:
584:
129:
1016:
1001:
803:
562:
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are located. Before archaeological excavations began, the cave was almost entirely infilled with carstic
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863:
853:
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708:
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30:
249:
formations as well as the caves floor and walls, forming an organised and hierarchical burial area.
953:
808:
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remains that were documented are a reflection of the sources of nourishment of these communities.
172:
sediments as well as large boulders from past rockfalls, giving the cave the characteristics of a
923:
873:
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348:
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The remains at Bray's Cave are characteristic of sporadic pastoral occupations, which during the
177:
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where several secondary burials had been carried out adapting the rimstone as if it were a
300:
8:
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Period of medieval occupation. The level has been identified, through the ceramic and
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888:
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445:"Pastores merinies y enterramientos de la Edad del Bronce en Bray´s Cave (Gibraltar)"
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levels, in a north-south direction dipping to the west, with a varied range of
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Period of modern-contemporary use, ranging from the 18th to 20th centuries.
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663:
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The
Routledge Handbook of Archaeological Human Remains and Legislation
918:
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778:
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546:
The genomic history of the
Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years
185:
180:
but also the true nature of this cave; the cave was formed along the
169:
133:
89:
34:
516:
261:
246:
165:
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469:
176:. The arduous excavation process not only revealed its important
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Bronze Age occupation with funerary use. It develops around
308:
272:, as well as archaeological discoveries at the Gibraltar.
387:
Grant, Nicholas
Marquez; Fibiger, Linda (21 March 2011).
470:
Giles Guzmán, Francisco José; Giles
Pacheco, Francisco;
521:
511:
Gutiérrez López, José María; Mata
Almonte, Esperanza;
993:
380:
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984:Gibraltar Neanderthal Caves and Environments
386:
260:, or the City of Victory, was built by the
577:
563:
192:typical of closed cavities with a gallery
994:
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393:. Taylor & Francis. p. 703.
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13:
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14:
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1007:Archaeological sites in Gibraltar
949:Transmitter Fissure Treasure Cave
485:(in Spanish) (39). Archived from
586:
204:
535:
504:
463:
199:
139:
1:
824:Martin's Guard Cave 1 & 2
447:. ERA Cultura. Archived from
373:
240:
7:
220:
10:
1033:
1012:Bronze Age sites in Europe
909:Sapper's Bog Scorpion Cave
336:Necrópolis de los Algarbes
229:record, as a 14th-century
212:
130:British Overseas Territory
81:400 metres (1,300 ft)
982:
599:
150:Upper Rock Nature Reserve
111:
103:
95:
85:
77:
40:
31:Upper Rock Nature Reserve
26:
21:
804:Lower St. Michael's Cave
178:archaeological sequence
864:Old St. Michael's Cave
854:New St. Michael's Cave
749:Goat's Hair Twin Caves
709:East Queen's Line Cave
954:Upper All's Well Cave
759:Harley Street Fissure
361:El Cerro del Berrueco
874:Pete's Paradise Cave
734:George's Bottom Cave
614:Bell's Backyard Cave
492:on 27 September 2013
297:Pete's Paradise Cave
939:Swallow's Nest Cave
58: /
16:Bray Cave in the UK
1017:Death in Gibraltar
1002:Caves of Gibraltar
929:St. Michael's Cave
834:Mediterranean Cave
704:Dudley Ward's Cave
689:Devil's Tower Cave
593:Caves of Gibraltar
345:La Loma del Puerco
283:Bronze Age burials
62:36.1298°N 5.3453°W
989:
988:
964:Viney Quarry Cave
934:Star Chamber Cave
894:Reservoir Fissure
889:Ragged Staff Cave
784:John's Giant Cave
679:Devil's Fall Cave
400:978-1-136-87956-2
301:Devil's Fall Cave
266:Iberian Peninsula
253:Marinid shepherds
227:zooarchaeological
146:Rock of Gibraltar
119:
118:
1024:
904:Sandy Cave Upper
899:Sandy Cave Lower
839:Middle Hill Cave
814:Marble Arch Cave
714:Europa Pass Cave
694:Diesel's Delight
684:Devil's Gap Cave
649:Catalan Bay Cave
644:Buena Vista Cave
591:
590:
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572:
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549:
548:// Science, 2019
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533:
532:
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513:Finlayson, Clive
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472:Finlayson, Clive
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451:on 15 March 2016
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323:palaeontological
104:Show cave opened
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67:36.1298; -5.3453
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19:
18:
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1031:
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1026:
1025:
1023:
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1021:
992:
991:
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978:
794:Leonora's Caves
769:Holy Boy's Cave
744:Glen Rocky Cave
674:Devil's Dustbin
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321:Along with the
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270:Tower of Homage
258:Madinat al-Fath
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944:Tina's Fissure
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916:
911:
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879:Poca Roca Cave
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869:Painter's Cave
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724:Forbes' Quarry
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681:
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669:Cormorant Cave
666:
661:
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636:
631:
629:Boathoist Cave
626:
624:Bennett's Cave
621:
619:Bellman's Cave
616:
611:
609:Beefsteak Cave
606:
604:Alameda Grotto
600:
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365:Medina-Sidonia
353:El Estanquillo
284:
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184:joints of the
182:stratification
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126:limestone cave
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997:
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969:Wilson's Cave
967:
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959:Vanguard Cave
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859:O'Hara's Cave
857:
855:
852:
850:
849:Nameless Cave
847:
845:
844:Monkey's Cave
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
829:McNeil's Cave
827:
825:
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819:Martin's Cave
817:
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787:
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765:
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754:Gorham's Cave
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
739:Gibbon's Cave
737:
735:
732:
730:
729:Genista Caves
727:
725:
722:
720:
719:Fig Tree Cave
717:
715:
712:
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659:Collin's Cave
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328:malacological
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162:Vanguard Cave
159:
158:Gorham's Cave
155:
151:
148:, within the
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29:
25:
20:
974:Winkies Cave
884:Queen's Cave
809:Mammoth Cave
789:Judge's Cave
764:Hayne's Cave
699:Douglas Cave
639:Brown's Cave
633:
542:Iñigo Olalde
541:
537:
527:23 September
525:. Retrieved
523:(in Spanish)
520:
506:
496:23 September
494:. Retrieved
487:the original
482:
465:
455:22 September
453:. Retrieved
449:the original
404:. Retrieved
389:
382:
369:
360:
357:San Fernando
352:
344:
334:
332:
320:
317:
305:
293:Judge's Cave
289:George Palao
286:
274:
256:
244:
224:
216:
208:
205:Stratigraphy
174:rock shelter
143:
121:
120:
924:Spider Cave
799:Levant Cave
774:Hyaena Cave
664:Coptic Cave
634:Bray's Cave
277:Middle Ages
200:Archaeology
190:speleothems
140:Description
122:Bray's Cave
65: /
41:Coordinates
22:Bray's Cave
996:Categories
406:17 January
374:References
194:morphology
50:36°07′47″N
919:Shed Cave
914:Sea Caves
779:Ibex Cave
483:Almoraima
241:Level III
186:limestone
168:and some
154:sea caves
134:Gibraltar
96:Entrances
90:limestone
78:Elevation
53:5°20′43″W
35:Gibraltar
474:(2009).
349:Chiclana
262:Almohads
247:rimstone
221:Level II
170:foothill
166:detritus
112:Lighting
27:Location
544:et al.
235:hearths
231:Marinid
213:Level I
128:in the
86:Geology
654:Cave S
397:
341:Tarifa
490:(PDF)
479:(PDF)
313:niche
156:like
124:is a
529:2013
498:2013
457:2013
408:2013
395:ISBN
359:and
309:cist
299:and
115:None
363:in
355:in
347:in
339:in
311:or
291:at
160:or
132:of
998::
519:.
481:.
416:^
367:.
351:,
343:,
315:.
295:,
237:.
196:.
107:No
33:,
578:e
571:t
564:v
531:.
500:.
459:.
410:.
99:1
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