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143:
151:
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232:, where the softer, more porous rock underneath is pushed off, tiny pieces at a time, by frost expansion from water frozen in the pores. Erosion from moving water is seldom a significant factor.
348:
nomads, people who move with their livestock - often from lower permanent winter residences in the valleys to higher summer pastures - frequently build semi-permanent camps, often of rocks.
2417:
510:
217:
has formed a cliff or bluff, but a softer stratum, more subject to erosion and weathering, lies just below the resistant stratum, and thus undercuts the cliff.
486:
334:. Because rock shelters form natural shelters from the weather, prehistoric humans often used them as living-places, and left behind debris, tools, and other
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228:) can be an important factor in rockhouse formation. In most humid areas, the most important factor in rockhouse formation is
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874:
314:
Bawa Yawan rockshelter, sieving of excavated deposits at a
Paleolithic site in Iranian Zagros, April 2017
78:
3154:
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1977:
197:), which are often many miles long or wide, rock shelters are almost always modest in size and extent.
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1982:
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34:
383:) is an endangered species of plant which is found only in rock shelters in Kentucky and Tennessee.
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Climate change and peopling of the
Neotropics during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition
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395: â 30,000+ years old archaeological World Heritage site in Madhya Pradesh, India
298:
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407: â Archaeological site in the Great Basin area of the western United States
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26:
This article is about the geological formation. For landslip protection, see
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431: â Cave and archaeological site with prehistoric art in France
3194:
3119:
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2573:
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2081:
1873:
1819:
1765:
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1303:
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1016:
879:
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751:
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413: â Rock shelter and Native American cultural site in Alabama
318:
210:
401: â Middle Stone Age archeological site in southern Ethiopia
3302:
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338:. In mountainous areas the shelters can also be important for
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16:
Shallow cave-like opening at the base of a bluff or cliff
443: â Rock shelter in Nassau County, New York, USA
3257:
Southern
African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
70:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
455: â Protected area in Coconino County, Arizona
363:"leatherman caves", as they were inhabited by the
33:For rock face with a slope of more than 90°, see
3389:
449: â Early form of dolmen or megalithic tomb
209:stratum such as sandstone that is resistant to
2418:
551:
513:". BoletĂn de la Sociedad GeolĂłgica Mexicana.
367:over three decades in the late 19th century.
3232:Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining
19:"Abri" redirects here. For other uses, see
3205:History of hard rock miners' organizations
2425:
2411:
565:
558:
544:
130:Learn how and when to remove this message
3190:American Society of Reclamation Sciences
3037:North American Aerospace Defense Command
317:
309:
297:
185:-like opening at the base of a bluff or
149:
141:
3390:
419: â U.S. national park in Colorado
359:, many rock shelters are known by the
2406:
1729:
1368:
634:
539:
425: â Architectural Roofing Feature
1730:
370:
68:adding citations to reliable sources
39:
235:Many rock shelters are found under
13:
3130:Journey to the Center of the Earth
3032:Naples underground geothermal zone
499:
330:Rock shelters are often important
14:
3409:
3247:Research Centre for Deep Drilling
3242:International Union of Speleology
1682:Megalithic architectural elements
517:
437: â Road protection structure
1369:
523:
293:
278:
262:
247:
44:
3237:Institution of Mining Engineers
3002:Underground Great Wall of China
2432:
2301:Evolutionary origin of religion
453:Walnut Canyon National Monument
55:needs additional citations for
3252:Society of Economic Geologists
3220:National Speleological Society
3170:Wonderland (fictional country)
477:
466:
1:
2677:Subterranean rivers of London
1914:Art of the Middle Paleolithic
1444:British megalith architecture
484:Center for Plant Conservation
459:
205:Rock shelters form because a
146:Rockhouse Cliffs Rock Shelter
3210:National Mine Map Repository
2652:Jewel Cave National Monument
1909:Art of the Upper Paleolithic
1449:Nordic megalith architecture
243:Rock shelter formation types
200:
7:
3215:National Mining Association
3042:Raven Rock Mountain Complex
473:CT Museum: Leatherman Caves
386:
302:Shepherds' rock shelter in
10:
3414:
3155:Tunnels in popular culture
2997:Underground City, Montreal
2992:Underground City (Beijing)
2937:816 Nuclear Military Plant
2667:Mammoth Cave National Park
2057:British Isles and Brittany
1978:Gwion Gwion rock paintings
399:Fincha Habera Rock Shelter
32:
25:
18:
3265:
3182:
3107:
3086:
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2962:Cheyenne Mountain Complex
2929:
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630:
573:
381:Minuartia cumberlandensis
35:Overhang (rock formation)
3328:Underground construction
3200:Cave Research Foundation
417:Mesa Verde National Park
2814:Missile launch facility
2687:Wind Cave National Park
2289:Evolutionary musicology
1692:Oldest extant buildings
1619:Archaeological features
1138:Prepared-core technique
423:Overhang (architecture)
393:Bhimbetka rock shelters
2967:Chicago Tunnel Company
2606:Subterranean waterfall
2251:Unchambered long cairn
2099:Mound Builders culture
1432:Neolithic architecture
567:Prehistoric technology
327:
325:Strouds Run State Park
315:
307:
158:
147:
2982:KĆbĂĄnya cellar system
2972:Houston tunnel system
2952:Almadén Mercury Mines
2947:The Caves of ĂgissĂĂ°a
1926:List of Stone Age art
1128:Microblade technology
1076:Langdale axe industry
674:Ard / plough
405:Gatecliff Rockshelter
377:Cumberland stitchwort
321:
313:
301:
153:
145:
21:Abri (disambiguation)
3377:Subterranean warfare
3150:Subterranea (comics)
3135:Moria (Middle-earth)
3115:Allegory of the cave
3099:Subterranean fiction
2333:Prehistoric medicine
2328:Prehistoric counting
2311:Prehistoric religion
2306:Paleolithic religion
2284:Behavioral modernity
1641:Causewayed enclosure
1533:Abri de la Madeleine
657:Neolithic Revolution
532:at Wikimedia Commons
154:Rock shelter in the
64:improve this article
3333:Tunnel construction
3057:Subterranean Toledo
3052:Subterranean London
2942:Caves of Maastricht
2372:Prehistoric warfare
1118:Magdalenian culture
1081:Levallois technique
1012:Earliest toolmaking
3355:Mining engineering
3340:Underground living
3165:Underland (Narnia)
3080:Fictional features
2859:Underground hangar
2601:Subterranean river
2596:Subterranean fauna
2323:Origin of language
2316:Spiritual drug use
2226:Rectangular dolmen
2128:Dartmoor kistvaens
1941:Carved stone balls
1653:Circular enclosure
1612:Other architecture
1555:Alp pile dwellings
1143:Solutrean industry
1054:Gravettian culture
704:Secondary products
489:2010-12-15 at the
328:
316:
308:
159:
156:Little Carpathians
148:
3385:
3384:
3273:Cave conservation
3178:
3177:
3075:
3074:
2921:Ventilation shaft
2700:Man-made features
2695:
2694:
2400:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2345:Prehistoric music
2294:music archaeology
1951:Cup and ring mark
1776:Clothing/textiles
1721:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1360:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1163:Yubetsu technique
1148:Striking platform
1113:Lithic technology
998:
997:
983:Game drive system
902:Projectile points
794:Mortar and pestle
528:Media related to
371:Unique vegetation
189:. In contrast to
140:
139:
132:
114:
3405:
3350:Mine exploration
3125:Greek Underworld
3084:
3083:
3062:Turda Salt Mines
3047:Shanghai tunnels
2911:Smuggling tunnel
2854:Underground base
2849:Underground city
2764:Dugout (shelter)
2714:Air raid shelter
2704:
2703:
2662:Lechuguilla Cave
2642:Castellana Caves
2611:Underground lake
2445:
2444:
2441:Natural features
2427:
2420:
2413:
2404:
2403:
2360:Divje Babe flute
2267:Archaeoastronomy
2010:Petrosomatoglyph
1744:
1743:
1727:
1726:
1576:Water management
1379:
1378:
1366:
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1269:Denticulate tool
1091:Lithic reduction
824:
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645:
644:
632:
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553:
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481:
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429:Roc-aux-Sorciers
332:archaeologically
282:
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256:frost weathering
251:
191:solutional caves
171:crepuscular cave
135:
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72:
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40:
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3174:
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2977:Kosvinsky Kamen
2925:
2784:Fallout shelter
2754:Crypt Mausoleum
2691:
2682:Veryovkina Cave
2672:Reed Flute Cave
2625:
2532:Solutional cave
2480:Communal burrow
2436:
2431:
2401:
2388:
2255:
2241:Stone box grave
2211:Megalithic tomb
2116:Cotswold-Severn
2068:
1973:Guardian stones
1901:Prehistoric art
1895:
1738:
1713:
1702:Timber trackway
1607:
1571:
1567:Wattle and daub
1420:
1399:Standing stones
1373:
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723:Food processing
718:
667:New World crops
639:
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520:
502:
500:Further reading
497:
496:
491:Wayback Machine
482:
478:
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411:Kinlock Shelter
389:
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322:Rock shelter at
296:
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226:Aeolian erosion
220:In arid areas,
203:
181:) is a shallow
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3323:Trench warfare
3320:
3318:Tunnel network
3315:
3313:Tunnel warfare
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3266:Related topics
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3022:Mount Yamantau
3019:
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3012:Mines of Paris
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2879:Secret passage
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2647:Hang SÆĄn ÄoĂČng
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2554:Lava tree mold
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2350:Alligator drum
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2277:lunar calendar
2274:
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2260:Other cultural
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2064:Venus figurine
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1995:Megalithic art
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1946:Cave paintings
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1049:Fire hardening
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1039:Clovis culture
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962:Manis Mastodon
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841:throwing stick
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518:External links
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79:"Rock shelter"
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9:
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3398:Rock shelters
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3308:Civil defense
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3298:Cave painting
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3183:Organisations
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3017:Mustang Caves
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2884:Semi-basement
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2874:Subway system
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2844:Utility vault
2842:
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2829:Rock-cut tomb
2827:
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2819:Passage grave
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2774:Earth shelter
2772:
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2739:Blast shelter
2737:
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2657:Kazumura Cave
2655:
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2648:
2645:
2643:
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2616:Volcanic pipe
2614:
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2579:
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2564:Maternity den
2562:
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2559:Magma chamber
2557:
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2475:Burrow fossil
2473:
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2167:Gallery grave
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870:spear-thrower
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848:Bow and arrow
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757:Grinding slab
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689:Domestication
687:
685:
684:Digging stick
682:
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662:Founder crops
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603:New Stone Age
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530:Rock shelters
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469:
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447:Simple dolmen
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361:colloquialism
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312:
305:
300:
294:Human habitat
288:
287:river erosion
281:
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269:By cutting a
265:
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176:
175:bluff shelter
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98:
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91:
88:
84:
81: â
80:
76:
75:Find sources:
69:
65:
59:
58:
53:This article
51:
47:
42:
41:
36:
29:
22:
3278:Cave dweller
3140:Nome Kingdom
3094:Hollow Earth
3007:Maginot Line
2906:Storm cellar
2724:Burial vault
2586:Rock shelter
2585:
2497:Glacier cave
2177:wedge-shaped
2162:Funeral pyre
2155:Great dolmen
2111:Chamber tomb
2092:Round barrow
2047:Stone circle
1919:Blombos Cave
1847:Grooved ware
1771:Chalcolithic
1675:Thornborough
1593:Flush toilet
1528:Blombos Cave
1523:Rock shelter
1522:
1479:Quiggly hole
1371:Architecture
1346:illustration
988:Buffalo jump
809:Storage pits
772:AĆıklı HöyĂŒk
762:Ground stone
598:Subdivisions
506:
479:
468:
441:Shelter Rock
380:
374:
355:and eastern
350:
344:
340:mountaineers
329:
234:
219:
204:
178:
174:
170:
166:
163:rock shelter
162:
160:
126:
120:October 2022
117:
107:
100:
93:
86:
74:
62:Please help
57:verification
54:
3360:Mole people
3345:Mine rescue
3293:Cave rescue
3283:Cave diving
3027:Mogao Caves
2957:Coober Pedy
2916:Spider hole
2894:Septic tank
2834:Root cellar
2485:Paleoburrow
2434:Subterranea
2199:unchambered
2194:Long barrow
2184:Grave goods
2140:Court cairn
2135:Clava cairn
2087:Bowl barrow
2025:Rock cupule
1968:Golden hats
1961:Hill figure
1862:Unstan ware
1842:Cord-marked
1707:Sweet Track
1629:Burnt mound
1550:Stilt house
1538:Sibudu Cave
1331:Tally stick
1299:Quern-stone
1284:Hammerstone
1274:Fire plough
1245:Pesse canoe
1203:Bannerstone
1173:Other tools
1086:Lithic core
1034:Aurignacian
922:Bare Island
804:Quern-stone
353:Connecticut
351:In western
346:Transhumant
3372:Speleology
3365:in fiction
3145:Pellucidar
2987:Kome Caves
2637:Balve Cave
2581:Pit crater
2537:Talus cave
2460:Ant colony
2338:trepanning
2231:Ring cairn
2189:Jar burial
2172:transepted
2104:U.S. sites
2005:Petroglyph
1931:Bird stone
1889:wine press
1562:Stone roof
1545:Roundhouse
1437:long house
1414:Stonehenge
1382:Ceremonial
1326:Stone tool
1153:Tool stone
1123:Metallurgy
1027:Mousterian
1004:Toolmaking
942:Cumberland
915:Transverse
885:Schöningen
777:Qesem cave
745:Earth oven
699:Irrigation
610:Technology
578:Prehistory
509:., 2018. "
460:References
365:Leatherman
237:waterfalls
215:weathering
90:newspapers
3288:Cave gate
3160:Underdark
3108:Exemplars
2930:Exemplars
2869:Wine cave
2744:Catacombs
2630:Exemplars
2527:Show cave
2517:Lava tube
2512:Lava cave
2382:symbolism
2246:Tor cairn
2204:GrĂžnsalen
2145:Cremation
2037:Sculpture
2015:Pictogram
2000:Petroform
1820:amber use
1788:Cosmetics
1598:Reservoir
1583:Check dam
1513:Pueblitos
1508:Pit-house
1491:Longhouse
1425:Dwellings
1294:Microlith
1225:Bow drill
1220:Bone tool
1213:prismatic
1022:Acheulean
937:Cresswell
910:Arrowhead
836:Boomerang
752:Granaries
714:Terracing
593:Stone Age
435:Rock shed
336:artifacts
224:erosion (
201:Formation
167:rockhouse
28:Rock shed
3392:Category
2901:Stepwell
2889:Sewerage
2799:Hypogeum
2779:Erdstall
2769:Dry well
2749:Casemate
2729:Borehole
2719:Basement
2591:Sinkhole
2522:Pit Cave
2507:Ice cave
2020:Rock art
1983:painting
1956:Geoglyph
1781:timeline
1761:Beadwork
1501:Mehrgarh
1496:Mudbrick
1404:megalith
1279:Fire-saw
1101:debitage
1096:analysis
1064:Hand axe
1044:Cupstone
622:Glossary
583:Timeline
487:Archived
387:See also
357:New York
3195:Bergamt
3120:Batcave
3067:Yaodong
2804:Manhole
2794:Foxhole
2759:Dungeon
2465:Aquifer
2377:Symbols
1988:pigment
1874:Weaving
1837:Cardium
1832:Pottery
1827:Mirrors
1815:Jewelry
1756:Baskets
1736:culture
1588:Cistern
1394:Pyramid
1336:Weapons
1314:Scraper
1304:Racloir
1264:Cleaver
1252:Chopper
1158:Uniface
1069:Grooves
1059:Hafting
1017:Oldowan
976:Systems
927:Cascade
890:woomera
880:harpoon
853:history
819:Hunting
799:Pottery
740:Cooking
649:Farming
615:history
588:Outline
505:Acosta
306:, India
273:gallery
211:erosion
104:scholar
3303:Caving
3225:Grotto
2839:Tunnel
2824:Quarry
2734:Bunker
2621:Warren
2544:Cenote
2502:Grotto
2470:Burrow
2455:Alcove
2355:flutes
2150:Dolmen
2074:Burial
1884:winery
1857:Linear
1687:Midden
1665:Cursus
1658:Goseck
1518:Pueblo
1469:Dugout
1454:Burdei
1133:Mining
957:Lamoka
952:Folsom
932:Clovis
789:Metate
767:Hearth
735:Basket
709:Sickle
304:Lahaul
165:(also
106:
99:
92:
85:
77:
3087:Types
2789:Fogou
2707:Types
2549:Karst
2448:Types
2272:sites
2216:Mummy
1936:Cairn
1852:JĆmon
1803:shoes
1798:Hides
1670:Henge
1624:Broch
1486:Jacal
1341:Wheel
1289:Knife
1235:Canoe
1230:Burin
1208:Blade
1106:flake
967:Plano
875:baton
865:Spear
831:Arrow
784:Manos
637:Tools
507:et al
271:karst
195:karst
187:cliff
177:, or
111:JSTOR
97:books
2864:Well
2809:Mine
2569:Nest
2492:Cave
2365:gudi
2123:Cist
2052:list
1879:Wine
1808:Ătzi
1793:Glue
1766:Beds
1734:and
1732:Arts
1603:Well
1459:Cave
1389:Kiva
1319:side
1309:Rope
1257:tool
1191:bone
1181:Adze
947:Eden
860:Nets
730:Fire
694:Goad
679:Celt
375:The
222:wind
213:and
207:rock
183:cave
179:abri
83:news
2574:Bee
1474:Hut
1409:row
1240:Oar
1198:Axe
1186:Awl
285:By
254:By
66:by
3394::
342:.
239:.
173:,
169:,
161:A
2426:e
2419:t
2412:v
559:e
552:t
545:v
379:(
193:(
133:)
127:(
122:)
118:(
108:·
101:·
94:·
87:·
60:.
37:.
30:.
23:.
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