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234:. Borders may even be completely unmarked, typically in remote or forested regions; such borders are often described as "porous". Migration within territorial borders, and outside of them, represented an old and established pattern of movement in African countries, in seeking work and food, and to maintain ties with kin who had moved across the previously porous borders of their homelands. When the colonial frontiers were drawn, Western countries attempted to obtain a monopoly on the recruitment of labor in many African countries, which altered the practical and institutional context in which the old migration patterns had been followed, and some might argue, are still followed today. The frontiers were particularly porous for the physical movement of migrants, and people living in borderlands easily maintained transnational cultural and social networks.
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1889:, however, opens up the possibility for artists to explore similar concerns of identity and national origin(s) but whose location is not specific to the U.S-Mexico border. A border can be a division, dividing groups of people and families. Borders can include but are not limited to language, culture, social and economic class, religion, and national identity. In addition to a division, a border can also conceive a borderland area that can create a cohesive community separate from the mainstream cultures and identities portrayed in the communities away from the borders, such as the Tijuana-San Diego border between Mexico and the United States.
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599:. However, a landscape border is not demarcated by fences and walls but instead landscape features such as forests, mountains, and water bodies. It is different from a natural border, however, in the sense that the border landscape is not natural but human-engineered. Such a landscape usually differs from the borderland's natural geography and its building requires tremendous human labour and financial investment.
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1912:. Border art/artists often address the forced politicization of human bodies and physical land and the arbitrary, yet incredibly harmful, separations that are created by these borders and boundaries. These artists are often "border crossers" themselves. They may cross borders of traditional art-making (through performance, video, or a combination of mediums). They may at once be artists and
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is the deregulation and or lack of regulation on the movement of persons between nations and jurisdictions. This definition does not apply to trade or movement between privately owned land areas. Most nations have open borders for travel within their nation of travel, though more authoritarian states
744:(LoC) refers to a militarized buffer border between two or more nations that has yet to achieve permanent border status. LoC borders are typically under military control and are not recognized as an official international border. Formally known as a cease-fire line, an LoC was first created with the
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Geometric boundaries are formed by straight lines (such as lines of latitude or longitude), or occasionally arcs (Pennsylvania/Delaware), regardless of the physical and cultural features of the area. Such political boundaries are often found around the states that developed out of colonial holdings,
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are also classed as borders. Most countries have some form of border control to regulate or limit the movement of people, animals, and goods into and out of the country. Under international law, each country is generally permitted to legislate the conditions that have to be met in order to cross its
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11-min video interview with
Bernard Guetta, a columnist for Libération newspaper and France Inter radio. "For , one of the main lessons from international relations in 2014 is that national borders are becoming increasingly irrelevant. These borders, drawn by the colonial powers, were and still are
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and the Roman
Hadrian's Wall in Britain had military functions, the entirety of the Roman borders were very porous, which encouraged Roman economic activity with neighbors. On the other hand, a border like the Maginot Line was entirely military and was meant to prevent any access in what was to be
940:
checks. Most regulated borders have regulations on immigration, types of wildlife and plants, and illegal objects such as drugs or weapons. Overall border regulations are placed by national and local governments and can vary depending on nation and current political or economic conditions. Some of
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Throughout history, technological advances have reduced the costs of transport and communication across the natural borders. That has reduced the significance of natural borders over time. As a result, political borders that have been formalized more recently, such as those in Africa or
Americas,
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to prevent the spread of exotic infectious diseases. Most countries prohibit carrying illegal drugs or endangered animals across their borders. Moving goods, animals, or people illegally across a border, without declaring them or seeking permission, or deliberately evading official inspection,
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Macro-regional integration initiatives, such as the
European Union and NAFTA, have spurred the establishment of cross-border regions. These are initiatives driven by local or regional authorities, aimed at dealing with local border-transcending problems such as transport and environmental
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1056:(consisting of all space 100 miles away from the earth's surface), both are preserved for world research and exploration. The prohibition of control by nations can make a DMZ unexposed to human influence and thus developed into a natural border or wildlife preserve, such as on the
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Political borders are imposed on the world through human agency. That means that although a political border may follow a river or mountain range, such a feature does not automatically define the political border, even though it may be a major physical barrier to crossing.
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There has been a renaissance in the study of borders starting with the end of the 1990s, partially from the creation of a counter-narrative to the discourse about the world becoming a borderless and deterritorialized place, which has accompanied theories about
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A maritime border is a division enclosing an area in the ocean where a nation has exclusive rights over the mineral and biological resources, encompassing maritime features, limits and zones. Maritime borders represent the jurisdictional borders of a
1985:
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Political borders are often classified by whether or not they follow conspicuous physical features on the earth. William Miles said that
Britain and France traced close to 40% of the entire length of the world's international boundaries.
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region. The Blue Line between Israel and
Lebanonâmarked by black asterisk. Disengagement Israeli front line with Syria (1974)âmarked by blue asterisk. Disengagement Syrian front line with Israel (1974)âmarked by red asterisk.
2017:
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1036:(DMZ) is a border separating two or more nations, groups or militaries that have agreed to prohibit the use of military activity or force within the border's bounds. A DMZ can act as a war boundary, ceasefire line,
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This type of border can be fairly abstract and has been identified as a particular state of mind for human activity. As such frontiers have been applied to borderlands identifying and claiming them as
1937:
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Natural borders are geographical features that present natural obstacles to communication and transport. Existing political borders are often a formalization of such historical, natural obstacles.
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Anglo-French carving of colonial space is a significant geographical legacy: nearly 40 percent of the entire length of today's international boundaries were traced by
Britain and France.
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of borders depends on its construction, availability of crossings, regulation and types or scope of activity. The permeability can vary, borders can be barriers for humans, but also for
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service has jurisdiction to operate up to 100 miles from any land or sea boundary. On the other hand, some borders are merely signposted. This is common in countries within the
European
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A relic border is a former boundary, which may no longer be a legal boundary at all. However, the former presence of the boundary can still be seen in the landscape. For instance, the
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840:. The vertical boundaries of airspace are not officially set or regulated internationally. However, there is a general agreement of vertical airspace ending at the point of the
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peacetime protection. With international agreement a country can assume the responsibility of protecting or controlling the atmosphere over
International Airspaces such as the
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and benefit from foreign currency exchange revenues. Thus, there is the concept unofficial trade in goods otherwise legal; for example, the cross-border trade in livestock by
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2353:: the only indication that one is crossing into the Republic of Ireland is a speed limit sign in kilometers per hour (signs in the United Kingdom are in miles per hour).
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The following pictures show in how many different ways international and regional borders can be closed off, monitored, at least marked as such, or simply unremarkable.
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Some maritime borders have remained indeterminate despite efforts to clarify them. This is explained by an array of factors, some of which illustrate regional problems.
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The presence of borders often fosters certain economic features or anomalies. Wherever two jurisdictions come into contact, special economic opportunities arise for
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The winding border between
Pakistan and India is lit by security lights. It is one of the few places on Earth where an international boundary can be seen at night.
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is no longer an international boundary, but it can still be seen because of historical markers on the landscape; it remains a cultural and economic demarcation in
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for "let it be done", a decision). Fiat boundaries are typically the product of human demarcation, such as in demarcating electoral districts or postal districts.
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In the past, many borders were not clearly defined lines; instead there were often intervening areas often claimed and fought over by both sides, sometimes called
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844:. The KĂĄrmĂĄn line is a peak point at the altitude of 62 mi (100 km) above the Earth's surface, setting a boundary between the atmosphere (airspace) and
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in the former USSR. However, only a handful of nations have deregulated open borders with other nations, an example of this being European countries under the
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Even the most fortified borders reserve specific places to allow crossing. The many forms of borders have different ways of enabling and controlling passage.
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3377:"International Union for the Scientific Study of Population : XXIV General Population Conference, Salvador da Bahia, Brazil : Plenary Debate no 4"
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1364:(See Shantz 2010). One American writer has said that the 3,600 km (2,200 mi) US-Mexico border is probably "the world's longest boundary between a
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1991:
A sign showing the limits of the Frontier Closed Area, a 28-km area along the Hong Kong-side of the 30-km-long border between Hong Kong and mainland China.
832:" in maritime law. Airspace extends 12 nautical miles from the coast of a country and it holds responsibility for protecting its own airspace unless under
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Border art can be defined as an art that is created in reference to any number of physical or imagined boundaries. This art can but is not limited to
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in 1960, however when the former British Somaliland declared independence in 1991 it claimed the former British-Italian line as its eastern border.
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1979:, United States with memorial coffins for those killed crossing this border. A straight-line border surveyed when the region was thinly populated.
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Even if the goods are not perceived to be undesirable, states will still seek to document and regulate the cross-border trade in order to collect
965:. These nations have government-controlled border agencies and organizations that enforce border regulation policies on and within their borders.
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entirely artificial. Now, people want borders along national, religious or ethnic lines. Bernard Guetta calls this a "comeback of real history"."
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1341:) lies exclusively within the jurisdiction of the European Union, except where states have used a specific right to opt out (United Kingdom and
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3708:"Working across borders â Harnessing the potential of cross-border activities to improve livelihood security in the Horn of Africa drylands"
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and completely unguarded. Most external political borders are partially or fully controlled, and may be crossed legally only at designated
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Borders can have an significant impact on and function for movement. It can enable and stop movement, across as well as along borders.
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World War II to France by its neighbor, Germany; Germany ended up going around the Maginot Line through Belgium just as it had done in
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756:. Similar to a cease-fire line, an LoC is typically the result of war, military stalemates and unresolved land ownership conflict.
386:. Only very large and resource-rich states are able to sustain the costs of governance across oceans for longer periods of time.
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Newman, D.; Paasi, A. (1998). "Fences and neighbours in the post-modern world: boundary narratives in political geography".
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Borders have sometimes been significantly shaped by physical border constructions and openings. From border crossings, over
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Border Ireland â database of activities and publications on cross-border co-operation on the island of Ireland since 1980's
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A landscape border is a mixture of political and natural borders. One example is the defensive forest created by China's
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between Germany and Austria): the traffic island marks the spot where a control post once stood; it was removed in 2000.
1862:. Since its conception in the mid-80's, this artistic practice has assisted in the development of questions surrounding
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1321:, the competence to pass laws on crossing internal and external borders within the European Union and the associated
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In places where smuggling, migration, and infiltration are a problem, many countries fortify borders with fences and
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2805:"Frontier, Fortification, and Forestation: Defensive Woodland on the SongâLiao Border in the Long Eleventh Century"
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2734:"Reexamining Fiat, Bona Fide and Force Dynamic Boundaries for Geopolitical Entities and their Placement in DOLCE"
2235:(right) and Germany (left) is located in the center of this residential road, and, nowadays, completely unmarked.
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720:(defunct since 1990). Occasionally a relic border is reconstituted in some form, for example the border between
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in the eleventh century. Such a border is political in the sense that it is human-demarcated, usually through a
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from 1922 until 1970. In modern times, marchlands have been replaced by clearly defined and demarcated borders.
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North American and European Border Regions in Comparative Perspective: Markets, States and Border Communities
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2251:. Some borders were broadly defined by treaty, and surveyors would then choose a suitable line on the ground.
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496:: denser jungles or forests can create strong natural borders. One example of a natural forest border is the
392:: Some political borders have been formalized along natural borders formed by rivers. Some examples are: the
183:; but possession of such documents does not guarantee that the person should be allowed to cross the border.
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Borders facilitate or block hybrids like border overlap and cooperation beyond mere encounter and exchange.
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Regulated borders have varying degrees of control on the movement of persons and trade between nations and
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was vague and could refer to either side of the boundary, thus it was necessary to specify part of it with
27:
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The frontier is a border that is open-ended to one side, identifying an expanding borderland to one side.
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was to stop people and militaries from crossing the northern border of China. Today it is a relic border.
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Political borders have a variety of meanings for those whom they affect. Many borders in the world have
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1002:, which led to the regulation of open borders, making them less common and no longer feasible for most
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typically conform less to natural borders than very old borders, such as those in Europe or Asia, do.
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998:. Open borders used to be very common amongst all nations, however this became less common after the
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Some bordersâsuch as most states' internal administrative borders, or inter-state borders within the
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1834:, the African Borderlands Research Network and the founding of smaller border research centres at
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1818:. Examples of recent initiatives are the Border Regions in Transition network of scholars, the
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Newman, D. (2006). "The lines that continue to separate us: Borders in our borderless world".
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2644:(2017). "Mental Barriers Replacing Nation-State Borders". In Andrén, Mats; Lindkvist, Thomas;
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may be set up on borders between belligerent entities to lower the risk of escalation. While
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at once. Many border artists defy easy classifications in their artistic practice and work.
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Cultural Borders of Europe: Narratives, Concepts and Practices in the Present and the Past
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203:. Controls on car liability insurance validity and other formalities may also take place.
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530:: Many nations have their political borders defined along mountain ranges, often along a
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these constructions fulfill many different functions. Such as also providing crossover.
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provides a classic case; contrariwise, a border region may flourish on the provision of
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Border Stories â A website devoted to stories from both sides of the U.S. Mexico Border
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nations have regulations on entry and require one or more of the following procedures:
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officials. Animals (and occasionally humans) moving across borders may need to go into
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List of bordering countries with greatest relative differences in GDP (PPP) per capita
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policemen standing guard at the North Korea-South Korea border. View from North Korea.
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borders, and to prevent people from crossing its borders in violation of those laws.
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between workplaces and residential settlements. The removal of internal barriers to
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boundaries by which is meant any sort of boundary that does not track an underlying
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4091:"Faces of Globalization and the Borders of States: From Asylum Seekers to Citizens"
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Brakman, Steven; Garretsen, Harry; van Marrewijk, Charles; Oumer, Abdella (2012).
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The marker between the United States and Canada in Waterton-Glacier National Park.
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Border conflicts or the potential of such are the reason why many borders feature
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Used by ten or more countries or having derived terms. Historical derivations in
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which form a substantial part of the border between Canada and the United States.
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Maritime Regime Building: Lessons Learned and Their Relevance for Northeast Asia
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The United States has notably increased measures taken in border control on the
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Borders undermine economic activity and development by reducing trade activity.
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international border. An example of a demilitarized international border is the
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hold the right to regulate and protect air space under the international law of
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the government's control frequently diminished the further people got from the
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practice rooted in the socio-political experience(s), such as of those on the
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or legitimate. Different regulations on either side of a border may encourage
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located within a country's controlled international and maritime borders. All
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ceased to exist when the two colonies merged to form the independent state of
416:(India-Bangladesh). If a precise line is desired, it is often drawn along the
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A photograph of the FranceâItaly border at night. The southwestern end of the
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World of Walls: The Structure, Roles and Effectiveness of Separation Barriers
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have played a great many roles and been marked in different ways. While the
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3902:. Victoria, BC Canada and Bellingham, WA United States. 12â15 January 2008.
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Scars of Partition: Postcolonial Legacies in French and British Borderlands
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since the 1940s, de-emphasizes border-based economic activity and fosters
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Collection of pictures of European borders, mainly intra-Schengen borders
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2191:. Some European borders originate from former land ownership boundaries.
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1429:
1245:
are similar official structures built around commuting across boundary.
828:. The horizontal boundaries of airspace are similar to the policies of "
802:
boundaries, which are considered within the context of land boundaries.
131:
refers to the boundary itself, the area around the border is called the
5444:
4983:
4838:
4537:
2823:
2804:
2370:
2318:
2064:
1976:
1731:
1481:
1399:
1242:
1238:
1218:
1144:
817:
624:
follows the 49th parallel for roughly 2,175 miles (3,500 km) from
397:
250:
Inherited from a former state, colonial power or aristocratic territory
222:
procedures. These can extend inland, as in the United States where the
195:
187:
53:
3574:
1779:
degradation. Many cross-border regions are also active in encouraging
889:, the only territory in Antarctica unclaimed by any sovereign nation.
371:
Some geographical features that often constitute natural borders are:
299:. Therefore borderland (especially impassable terrain) attracted many
5863:
5821:
5796:
5654:
5609:
5497:
5439:
5261:
5010:
4270:
3763:
2374:
2314:
2024:
2004:
1783:
and dialogue as well as cross-border economic development strategies.
1717:
1697:
1680:
1531:
1375:
1222:
1168:
1164:
1151:
to position themselves at or near that border: thus the provision of
1128:
1101:
942:
849:
633:
555:
517:
437:
383:
200:
37:
5899:
5894:
4168:
1480:. Examples of border conflicts include skirmishes and wars, such as
649:
5649:
5619:
5449:
5372:
5283:
5095:
4873:
4583:
4090:
2960:
2584:
2212:
2120:
2044:
1948:
1913:
1897:
1863:
1835:
1794:
1644:
1543:
1264:
1226:
1211:
1199:
933:
861:
813:
753:
535:
513:
479:
253:
Inherited from a former internal border, such as within the former
160:
152:
132:
5959:
5853:
5704:
4188:
3653:
3349:"Schengen Area - Migration and Home Affairs - European Commission"
1309:
In much of Europe, controls on persons were abolished by the 1985
5954:
5879:
5709:
5699:
5639:
5552:
5522:
5454:
5335:
4547:
4348:
3933:
2294:
2140:
1901:
1636:
1326:
1286:
1203:
1187:
1176:
1105:
1083:
937:
729:
697:
648:
A generalization of the idea of geometric borders is the idea of
629:
575:
505:
483:
417:
148:
98:
45:
4028:
2608:(2016). "The Rise and Spread of Capitalism". In Daniels, Peter;
1116:
A border wall on a beach separating the United States and Mexico
1112:
977:
Indian and Pakistan border officers at the India-Pakistan border
672:
5984:
5974:
5969:
5904:
5858:
5774:
5644:
5629:
5624:
5614:
5298:
4905:
4487:
4201:
2160:
2084:
2032:
1893:
1798:
1786:
1330:
1234:
1214:
every year unofficially, over 100 times the official estimate.
1140:
1136:
1132:
986:
may limit the freedom of internal movement of its citizens, as
954:
950:
613:
596:
567:
543:
521:
501:
493:
475:
452:
ruled in 1910 that the boundary between the American states of
405:
300:
49:
5729:
3413:"demilitarized zone (DMZ) | Definition, Facts, & Pictures"
328:
List of countries and territories by land and maritime borders
5979:
5964:
5949:
5826:
5811:
5801:
5786:
5764:
5759:
5694:
5492:
5434:
5318:
4004:
3913:
3271:"Types of International Borders along the U.S.-Mexico Border"
2290:
1944:
1539:
1403:
1282:
1207:
799:
749:
661:
563:
551:
547:
539:
425:
401:
389:
375:
210:
US customs and border officers boarding a ship at the border.
41:
3322:"open border Definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary"
3297:"Border Force: The world's toughest customs and immigration"
5806:
5072:
4410:
3176:"Bulletin 20 - Space Weapons Ban: Thoughts on a New Treaty"
3123:
1917:
1793:
provides financial support to cross-border regions via its
1618:
1535:
1306:
agents inspect persons and/or goods crossing the boundary.
1172:
833:
795:
559:
509:
463:
433:
355:
186:
Moving goods across a border often requires the payment of
3764:"Building governance institutions across European borders"
2103:
rules became applicable in 2007, the sign became obsolete.
1202:
sells an estimated $ 250 to $ 300 million of livestock to
247:
Imposed by third parties, e.g. an international conference
159:
Some borders require presentation of legal paperwork like
5604:
4180:
4071:
3983:
3959:
3492:"Wildlife preserve planned for Korean demilitarized zone"
69:
3548:"Gravity with Gravitas: A Solution to the Border Puzzle"
1171:
may cluster around borders, city limits, county lines,
2274:
in 1297. It is one of the oldest borders in the world.
4126:"National Finitude and the Paranoid Style of the One"
3203:"National Finitude and the Paranoid Style of the One"
2877:
Spatial Information Theory. Proceedings of COSIT 1995
1908:
issues. Border art is not confined to one particular
4219:
Institut Européen des Itinéraires Culturels homepage
2525:
List of countries that border only one other country
2167:: Germany starts at the red line drawn in the photo.
1495:
1183:(SEZs) often tend to cluster near borders or ports.
466:: larger lakes create natural borders. Examples are
3545:
5587:
4005:"Centre for International Borders Research (CIBR)"
2879:. Berlin/Heidelberg/Vienna/New York/London/Tokyo:
1217:Human economic traffic across borders (apart from
26:"County line" redirects here. For other uses, see
3656:"The Border Population Effects of EU Integration"
2875:. In Frank, A. U.; Kuhn, W.; Mark, D. M. (eds.).
2612:; Shaw, Denis; Sidaway, James; Hall, Tim (eds.).
2545:List of national border changes from 1815 to 1914
2515:List of countries and territories by land borders
941:the most regulated borders in the world include:
6051:
2895:"The Constitution of the Republic of Somaliland"
2540:List of land borders with dates of establishment
1803:Outline Convention on Transfrontier Co-operation
4058:The World in 2015: National borders undermined?
3729:
3727:
3607:"Trade and Urbanization: Evidence from Hungary"
2159:A border within a closely built-up area â near
777:United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
68:. Political borders can be established through
40:boundaries, imposed either by features such as
3546:Anderson, James E.; van Wincoop, Eric (2003).
2682:"The Constitution in the 100-Mile Border Zone"
2550:List of national border changes (1914âpresent)
2520:List of countries by land and maritime borders
2293:located at the point where Sweden, Norway and
794:; however, the terminology does not encompass
4256:
4167:. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2017.
3896:"Border Regions in Transition IX Conference,
892:
378:: oceans create very costly natural borders.
3736:"Roman Empire: gold standard of immigration"
3724:
2845:
2135:Self-illuminating Border flower pot between
2099:and of five more states may cross. When the
1658:
712:(defunct since 1975) and the border between
6034:List of administrative divisions by country
3820:
3521:"Military Zones Mean Boon For Biodiversity"
3294:
2203:The metal strip within the building of the
1594:
1046:38th parallel between North and South Korea
420:, the deepest line along the river. In the
4263:
4249:
3081:
3079:
3002:
2460:Boundaries between the continents of Earth
2450:Border irregularities of the United States
1703:
1179:. In a more planned and official context,
3797:
3705:
3622:
3611:American Economic Journal: Microeconomics
3573:
3346:
3143:
2975:
2822:
2347:Republic of Ireland-United Kingdom border
2071:, the longest common border in the world.
1643:at the Nuijamaa Border Crossing Point in
782:Maritime borders exist in the context of
310:. Special cases in modern times were the
16:Geographic boundaries of political entity
4301:
3914:"International Boundaries Research Unit"
3761:
3065:
2731:
1630:
1374:
1276:
1111:
1095:
972:
907:
671:
349:
205:
112:
97:
5239:
3147:The Vertical Limit of State Sovereignty
3076:
2270:, whose limits were established by the
2095:, indicating that only citizens of the
1767:
6052:
4067:Border Theories in Early Modern Europe
3857:
3733:
3701:
3699:
3164:from the original on 15 November 2018.
2848:"Why Are U.S. Borders Straight Lines?"
2846:Winterhalter, Elizabeth (2018-10-20).
2640:
2604:
2349:from the British side. This border is
2011:, on the border of Finland with Norway
1820:International Boundaries Research Unit
1009:
5586:
5238:
4300:
4283:
4244:
4085:
3974:"Nijmegen Centre for Border Research"
3295:Groundwater, Ben (30 November 2016).
2887:
2870:
2774:
2700:
2183:and Belgium next to a street café in
241:Agreed by the countries on both sides
4123:
3934:"Association for Borderland Studies"
3604:
3200:
2988:VLIZ Maritime Boundaries Geodatabase
2802:
1547:
1424:
903:
602:
586:
332:
303:, as they often found sympathizers.
3696:
3268:
2535:List of international river borders
1828:Association for Borderlands Studies
1492:(between India and Pakistan), etc.
1071:
808:
759:
735:
175:(foreign persons) may need special
13:
4187:, 2013, retrieved: March 8, 2021 (
4021:
3938:Association for Borderland Studies
3518:
2779:. U of Nebraska Press. p. 3.
2614:An Introduction To Human Geography
2247:Italy/Switzerland border stone at
1947:border crossing between India and
1414:
1048:. Other notable DMZ zones include
345:
316:Saudi ArabianâKuwaiti neutral zone
244:Imposed by the country on one side
224:U.S. Customs and Border Protection
14:
6071:
4284:
4195:
4169:https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0121
3040:United States Department of State
1923:
1808:
1496:Border construction and crossings
1484:(between North and South Korea),
1143:services â legal or quasi-legal,
1100:The United StatesâMexico border:
321:
312:Saudi ArabianâIraqi neutral zone
5051:Organized incorporated territory
4200:
3682:10.1111/j.1467-9787.2011.00752.x
3386:. 24 August 2001. Archived from
2413:
2394:
2382:
2358:
2338:
2326:
2302:
2279:
2256:
2240:
2224:
2196:
2172:
2152:
2128:
2108:
2076:
2056:
2016:
1996:
1984:
1960:
1936:
1551:
1428:
667:
472:Democratic Republic of the Congo
105:policemen standing guard at the
6039:Slavic administrative divisions
3997:
3966:
3944:
3926:
3906:
3888:
3851:
3814:
3755:
3734:Murphy, Cullen (16 June 1907).
3647:
3598:
3539:
3512:
3484:
3457:
3432:
3405:
3384:Population Environment Research
3369:
3340:
3314:
3288:
3262:
3238:
3194:
3168:
3137:
3106:
3059:
3027:
2948:
2923:
2803:Chen, Yuan Julian (July 2018).
2732:Robinson, Edward Heath (2012).
968:
643:
263:In addition, a border may be a
5588:Non-English terms or loanwords
4792:Direct-controlled municipality
3713:Overseas Development Institute
3605:Nagy, DĂĄvid KrisztiĂĄn (2022).
2864:
2839:
2796:
2768:
2725:
2694:
2687:American Civil Liberties Union
2674:
2634:
2598:
1916:, existing in multiple social
1255:National boundary delimitation
107:North Korea-South Korea border
1:
4917:Special administrative region
4229:Baltic Borderlands Greifswald
4185:Institute of European History
4181:EGO - European History Online
4134:Contemporary Political Theory
4078:, retrieved: March 25, 2021 (
4076:Institute of European History
4072:EGO - European History Online
3353:Migration and Home Affairs -
3347:Anonymous (6 December 2016).
3211:Contemporary Political Theory
3178:. 15 May 2008. Archived from
3144:Reinhardt, Dean (June 2005).
2775:Miles, William F. S. (2014).
2704:Outlaw in Medieval Literature
2591:
2264:Guadiana International Bridge
2207:marks the border between the
1845:
1386:Historic borders such as the
1062:Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone
700:. Other examples include the
230:and on rural sections of the
4817:Mountain resort municipality
4694:Intermediate school district
4677:Educational service district
4533:Regional county municipality
4109:10.1080/13621025.2014.886440
3324:. 3 May 2016. Archived from
2904:. 1 May 2001. Archived from
2555:List of territorial disputes
1887:conceptual artistic practice
440:tribes settling east of the
358:separates the two countries.
28:County Line (disambiguation)
7:
5148:Autonomous territorial unit
3861:Progress in Human Geography
3824:Progress in Human Geography
3661:Journal of Regional Science
3465:"Outer Space Treaty | 1967"
2873:"On Drawing Lines on a Map"
2455:Borders of the Roman Empire
2432:
2420:Old boundary stone one the
2069:CanadaâUnited States border
1781:intercultural communication
1728:Internationalism (politics)
1358:United StatesâMexico border
1354:CanadaâUnited States border
1248:
855:
622:CanadaâUnited States border
450:United States Supreme Court
232:CanadaâUnited States border
138:
10:
6076:
5029:National capital territory
4750:Indian reserve/reservation
4617:Indian government district
4271:Designations for types of
4046:Queen's University Belfast
4010:Queen's University Belfast
3837:10.1191/030913298666039113
3566:10.1257/000282803321455214
3066:Valencia, Mark J. (2001).
2810:Journal of Chinese History
1840:Queen's University Belfast
1797:programme. The Council of
1771:
1725:
1707:
1662:
1608:
1598:
1513:
1499:
1418:
1258:
1252:
1081:
1075:
1013:
896:
893:Types of border regulation
859:
775:and are recognized by the
763:
454:Maryland and West Virginia
428:defined the middle of the
361:
325:
314:from 1922 to 1991 and the
270:
25:
18:
6019:Autonomous administration
6006:
5872:
5597:
5593:
5582:
5475:
5249:
5245:
5234:
5158:
5132:
5094:
5071:
5024:Federal capital territory
5009:
4969:
4904:
4872:
4837:
4772:
4749:
4721:
4637:Non-metropolitan district
4627:Local government district
4582:
4564:
4546:
4486:
4463:
4409:
4384:
4370:
4347:
4311:
4307:
4296:
4292:
4279:
3874:10.1191/0309132506ph599xx
3790:10.1080/00343409950078693
3440:"Antarctic Treaty | 1959"
1659:Movement and permeability
1229:, as in France after the
1058:Korean Demilitarized Zone
456:is the south bank of the
267:military ceasefire line.
36:are generally defined as
4829:Specialized municipality
4506:Consolidated city-county
4064:Baramova, Maria (2010),
3716:. London. Archived from
3706:Pavanello, Sara (2010).
3553:American Economic Review
2902:Government of Somaliland
2707:. Springer. p. 51.
2505:List of border conflicts
2163:between Germany and the
1710:Cross-border cooperation
1595:Crossings and transition
1281:Borders between Israel,
792:exclusive economic zones
656:physical discontinuity (
237:A border may have been:
109:. View from South Korea.
95:may also be controlled.
5191:Military exclusion zone
5169:Exclusive economic zone
4934:National capital region
4526:Non-metropolitan county
4273:administrative division
3470:Encyclopedia Britannica
3444:Encyclopedia Britannica
3418:Encyclopedia Britannica
3092:Encyclopedia Britannica
2956:"The Future of Kashmir"
2530:List of divided islands
2231:The border between the
2051:) is in the background.
1856:U.S.-Mexico borderlands
1760:Scale (analytical tool)
1704:Overlap and cooperation
1669:International migration
1635:The car traffic on the
1486:Western Sahara conflict
1317:legislation. Since the
916:into Canada from the US
259:Never formally defined.
218:, and institute formal
21:Border (disambiguation)
5208:Self-administered zone
5046:Incorporated territory
4913:Administrative region
4682:Local service district
4602:Congressional district
3250:Discovering Antarctica
3010:"Maritime definitions"
2470:Boundary (real estate)
2405:marking the border of
2309:The gate that borders
2205:Eurode Business Centre
2119:internal border (near
1652:
1383:
1295:
1181:Special Economic Zones
1117:
1109:
1004:industrialized nations
978:
917:
848:(which is governed by
681:
478:on its west shore and
432:as the border between
404:(FranceâGermany), the
359:
211:
121:
110:
5179:Special economic zone
4863:Praetorian prefecture
4847:Autonomous prefecture
4807:Regional municipality
4797:District municipality
4632:Metropolitan district
4496:Administrative county
4478:Residential community
4324:Local government area
4209:at Wikimedia Commons
4124:Mura, Andrea (2016).
4053:on 15 September 2007.
3762:Perkmann, M. (1999).
3201:Mura, Andrea (2016).
3035:"Maritime boundaries"
2871:Smith, Barry (1995).
2465:Boundary delimitation
2365:A train crossing the
2268:Portugal-Spain border
1634:
1623:International Airport
1378:
1349:amongst themselves).
1345:, which maintain the
1280:
1261:Territorial integrity
1115:
1099:
996:Belarus-Russia border
976:
911:
675:
486:on the east; and the
353:
209:
190:, often collected by
116:
101:
5770:Njësi administrative
4802:Neutral municipality
4741:Subdivision of India
4473:Autonomous community
4362:Metropolitan borough
4302:Common English terms
3979:Radboud Universiteit
3919:University of Durham
3720:on 12 November 2010.
3624:10.1257/mic.20180270
3014:Geoscience Australia
2764:on 30 December 2013.
2755:10.3233/AO-2012-0103
2500:Limes (Roman Empire)
2345:A road crossing the
2003:The bridge over the
1932:Borders of the World
1824:University of Durham
1768:Cross-border regions
1402:, the Great Wall of
1381:SwissâItalian border
1066:Green Line in Cyprus
963:United Arab Emirates
408:(ThailandâLaos) and
143:For the purposes of
66:subnational entities
19:For other uses, see
5413:Autonomous republic
5341:Enclave and exclave
5240:Other English terms
5036:Dependent territory
4882:Autonomous province
4812:Resort municipality
4787:County municipality
4574:Overseas department
4521:Metropolitan county
4334:Unincorporated area
4147:10.1057/cpt.2015.23
4096:Citizenship Studies
3782:1999RegSt..33..657P
3674:2012JRegS..52...40B
3355:European Commission
3224:10.1057/cpt.2015.23
3114:"NATO Air Policing"
3072:. pp. 149â166.
2911:on 27 February 2012
2883:. pp. 475â484.
2570:Political geography
2475:Enclave and exclave
2367:ChinaâRussia border
2272:Treaty of Alcañices
2179:Border between the
2023:The border between
1774:Cross-border region
1752:Freedoms of the air
1673:Migration (ecology)
1470:demilitarized zones
1388:Great Wall of China
1319:Treaty of Amsterdam
1221:) may involve mass
1010:Demilitarized zones
822:sovereign countries
678:Great Wall of China
676:The purpose of the
534:. Examples are the
400:(MexicoâU.S.), the
396:(CanadaâU.S.), the
382:span more than one
6029:Electoral district
5346:Federal dependency
5174:Free economic zone
5058:Overseas territory
4941:Development region
4824:Rural municipality
4757:Indian reservation
4649:Municipal district
4607:Electoral district
4447:Free imperial city
4234:2018-10-05 at the
4173:Struck, Bernhard,
3497:The New York Times
3153:(Master of Laws).
3119:Allied Air Command
2824:10.1017/jch.2018.7
2701:Jones, T. (2010).
2495:Landlocked country
2369:, travelling from
2311:East Nusa Tenggara
1722:Third Space Theory
1653:
1563:. You can help by
1510:Separation barrier
1440:. You can help by
1384:
1347:Common Travel Area
1311:Schengen Agreement
1296:
1118:
1110:
1088:Cross-border trade
1034:demilitarized zone
992:Schengen Agreement
979:
918:
784:territorial waters
726:Italian Somaliland
722:British Somaliland
702:Demilitarized Zone
682:
380:Very few countries
360:
212:
169:identity documents
122:
111:
89:border checkpoints
50:political entities
6047:
6046:
6002:
6001:
5998:
5997:
5578:
5577:
5574:
5573:
5570:
5569:
5566:
5565:
5230:
5229:
5226:
5225:
5144:Territorial unit
5041:Federal territory
5019:Capital territory
4924:Autonomous region
4888:Overseas province
4782:City municipality
4673:Service district
4669:Sanitary district
4659:Regional district
4644:Military district
4501:Autonomous county
4434:Incorporated city
4205:Media related to
4041:"Talking Borders"
3962:on 4 August 2019.
3741:Los Angeles Times
3269:Vogeler, Ingolf.
3155:McGill University
2931:"Simla Agreement"
2786:978-0-8032-6771-8
2667:978-1-78533-591-4
2627:978-1-292-12939-6
2610:Bradshaw, Michael
2565:Natural frontiers
2560:Maritime boundary
2422:Limes border wall
2249:Passo San Giacomo
1756:Dependency theory
1601:Border checkpoint
1581:
1580:
1474:demarcation lines
1458:
1457:
1231:French Revolution
1038:wildlife preserve
914:Ambassador Bridge
904:Regulated borders
766:Maritime boundary
626:Lake of the Woods
603:Geometric borders
587:Landscape borders
538:, which separate
498:Amazon rainforest
333:Political borders
6067:
5635:Regierungsbezirk
5595:
5594:
5584:
5583:
5247:
5246:
5236:
5235:
5198:Free speech zone
5104:Charter township
4857:Super-prefecture
4701:Special district
4612:Federal district
4592:Capital district
4556:Overseas country
4429:Independent city
4400:Imperial capital
4339:Unorganized area
4309:
4308:
4298:
4297:
4294:
4293:
4281:
4280:
4265:
4258:
4251:
4242:
4241:
4204:
4158:
4130:
4120:
4054:
4049:. Archived from
4036:
4029:"Border Stories"
4015:
4014:
4001:
3995:
3994:
3992:
3991:
3982:. Archived from
3970:
3964:
3963:
3958:. Archived from
3948:
3942:
3941:
3930:
3924:
3923:
3910:
3904:
3903:
3892:
3886:
3885:
3855:
3849:
3848:
3818:
3812:
3811:
3801:
3769:Regional Studies
3759:
3753:
3752:
3750:
3748:
3731:
3722:
3721:
3703:
3694:
3693:
3651:
3645:
3644:
3626:
3602:
3596:
3595:
3577:
3543:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3532:
3523:. Archived from
3519:Ahearn, Ashley.
3516:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3505:
3488:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3477:
3461:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3436:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3425:
3409:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3398:
3393:on 1 August 2014
3392:
3381:
3373:
3367:
3366:
3364:
3362:
3344:
3338:
3337:
3335:
3333:
3318:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3307:
3292:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3281:
3266:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3256:
3242:
3236:
3235:
3207:
3198:
3192:
3191:
3189:
3187:
3172:
3166:
3165:
3163:
3152:
3141:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3110:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3083:
3074:
3073:
3063:
3057:
3056:
3054:
3052:
3047:on 19 April 2009
3043:. Archived from
3031:
3025:
3024:
3022:
3020:
3006:
3000:
2999:
2997:
2995:
2979:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2968:
2952:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2941:
2927:
2921:
2920:
2918:
2916:
2910:
2899:
2891:
2885:
2884:
2868:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2858:
2843:
2837:
2836:
2826:
2800:
2794:
2793:
2772:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2757:. Archived from
2742:Applied Ontology
2738:
2729:
2723:
2722:
2698:
2692:
2691:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2650:Vajta, Katharina
2638:
2632:
2631:
2616:(5th ed.).
2602:
2480:FranceâUK border
2417:
2398:
2386:
2362:
2342:
2330:
2306:
2283:
2260:
2244:
2228:
2211:and Germany, in
2200:
2176:
2156:
2132:
2112:
2093:KrĂĄlickĂœ SnÄĆŸnĂk
2080:
2060:
2020:
2000:
1988:
1964:
1940:
1885:Border art as a
1852:contemporary art
1850:Border art is a
1740:Community centre
1694:animal migration
1576:
1573:
1555:
1548:
1520:Observation post
1464:and zoning like
1453:
1450:
1432:
1425:
1362:War on Terrorism
1072:Border economics
1020:Demarcation line
809:Airspace borders
788:contiguous zones
760:Maritime borders
736:Lines of control
446:Deuteronomy 3:16
279:world, the term
62:federated states
58:sovereign states
6075:
6074:
6070:
6069:
6068:
6066:
6065:
6064:
6050:
6049:
6048:
6043:
6024:Census division
5994:
5868:
5589:
5562:
5513:Imperial Circle
5471:
5241:
5222:
5216:Free-trade zone
5154:
5128:
5119:Survey township
5090:
5067:
5063:Union territory
5005:
5000:Sovereign state
4965:
4956:Overseas region
4900:
4868:
4833:
4768:
4759:(United States)
4745:
4736:Police division
4731:Census division
4717:
4689:School district
4654:Police district
4578:
4560:
4542:
4482:
4459:
4454:Royal free city
4419:Autonomous city
4405:
4394:Federal capital
4380:
4366:
4343:
4303:
4288:
4275:
4269:
4236:Wayback Machine
4198:
4128:
4039:
4027:
4024:
4022:Further reading
4019:
4018:
4003:
4002:
3998:
3989:
3987:
3972:
3971:
3967:
3950:
3949:
3945:
3932:
3931:
3927:
3912:
3911:
3907:
3894:
3893:
3889:
3856:
3852:
3819:
3815:
3760:
3756:
3746:
3744:
3732:
3725:
3704:
3697:
3652:
3648:
3603:
3599:
3544:
3540:
3530:
3528:
3527:on 26 July 2018
3517:
3513:
3503:
3501:
3490:
3489:
3485:
3475:
3473:
3463:
3462:
3458:
3448:
3446:
3438:
3437:
3433:
3423:
3421:
3411:
3410:
3406:
3396:
3394:
3390:
3379:
3375:
3374:
3370:
3360:
3358:
3345:
3341:
3331:
3329:
3320:
3319:
3315:
3305:
3303:
3293:
3289:
3279:
3277:
3267:
3263:
3254:
3252:
3246:"Making claims"
3244:
3243:
3239:
3205:
3199:
3195:
3185:
3183:
3174:
3173:
3169:
3161:
3150:
3142:
3138:
3128:
3126:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3097:
3095:
3085:
3084:
3077:
3064:
3060:
3050:
3048:
3033:
3032:
3028:
3018:
3016:
3008:
3007:
3003:
2993:
2991:
2981:
2980:
2976:
2966:
2964:
2954:
2953:
2949:
2939:
2937:
2929:
2928:
2924:
2914:
2912:
2908:
2897:
2893:
2892:
2888:
2881:Springer Verlag
2869:
2865:
2856:
2854:
2844:
2840:
2801:
2797:
2787:
2773:
2769:
2761:
2736:
2730:
2726:
2715:
2699:
2695:
2680:
2679:
2675:
2668:
2660:. p. 122.
2646:Söhrman, Ingmar
2642:Fehlen, Fernand
2639:
2635:
2628:
2603:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2435:
2428:
2418:
2409:
2399:
2390:
2387:
2378:
2363:
2354:
2343:
2334:
2331:
2322:
2307:
2298:
2284:
2275:
2261:
2252:
2245:
2236:
2229:
2220:
2201:
2192:
2177:
2168:
2157:
2148:
2143:in Germany and
2133:
2124:
2113:
2104:
2081:
2072:
2061:
2052:
2049:Ciudad del Este
2021:
2012:
2001:
1992:
1989:
1980:
1969:Tijuana, Mexico
1965:
1956:
1941:
1926:
1880:national origin
1848:
1811:
1801:has issued the
1784:
1776:
1770:
1762:
1744:Free-trade zone
1724:
1708:Main articles:
1706:
1683:
1663:Main articles:
1661:
1629:
1607:
1599:Main articles:
1597:
1589:border barriers
1577:
1571:
1568:
1561:needs expansion
1546:
1512:
1502:Boundary marker
1500:Main articles:
1498:
1454:
1448:
1445:
1438:needs expansion
1423:
1421:Border conflict
1417:
1415:Border conflict
1313:and subsequent
1275:
1269:Immigration law
1257:
1251:
1094:
1092:Free-trade zone
1080:
1074:
1030:
1012:
1000:First World War
971:
906:
901:
895:
887:West Antarctica
883:Marie Byrd Land
872:
866:Frontier thesis
860:Main articles:
858:
826:Air sovereignty
811:
773:maritime nation
768:
762:
746:Simla Agreement
742:line of control
738:
670:
646:
605:
589:
532:drainage divide
528:Mountain ranges
468:Lake Tanganyika
366:
348:
346:Natural borders
335:
330:
324:
293:medieval period
273:
141:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6073:
6063:
6062:
6045:
6044:
6042:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6026:
6021:
6016:
6007:
6004:
6003:
6000:
5999:
5996:
5995:
5993:
5992:
5987:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5946:
5945:
5940:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5921:
5920:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5876:
5874:
5870:
5869:
5867:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5851:
5850:
5849:
5839:
5834:
5829:
5824:
5819:
5814:
5809:
5804:
5799:
5794:
5789:
5784:
5783:
5782:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5741:
5740:
5732:
5727:
5726:
5725:
5720:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5686:
5685:
5680:
5675:
5670:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5601:
5599:
5591:
5590:
5580:
5579:
5576:
5575:
5572:
5571:
5568:
5567:
5564:
5563:
5561:
5560:
5555:
5550:
5545:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5479:
5477:
5473:
5472:
5470:
5469:
5464:
5463:
5462:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5431:
5430:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5369:
5368:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5328:
5327:
5326:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5275:
5274:
5264:
5259:
5253:
5251:
5243:
5242:
5232:
5231:
5228:
5227:
5224:
5223:
5221:
5220:
5219:
5218:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5194:
5193:
5186:Exclusion zone
5183:
5182:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5165:Economic zone
5162:
5160:
5156:
5155:
5153:
5152:
5151:
5150:
5142:
5136:
5134:
5130:
5129:
5127:
5126:
5124:Urban township
5121:
5116:
5114:Paper township
5111:
5109:Civil township
5106:
5100:
5098:
5092:
5091:
5089:
5088:
5083:
5077:
5075:
5069:
5068:
5066:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5054:
5053:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5032:
5031:
5026:
5015:
5013:
5007:
5006:
5004:
5003:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4975:
4973:
4967:
4966:
4964:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4937:
4936:
4929:Capital region
4926:
4921:
4920:
4919:
4910:
4908:
4902:
4901:
4899:
4898:
4895:Roman province
4891:
4884:
4878:
4876:
4870:
4869:
4867:
4866:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4843:
4841:
4835:
4834:
4832:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4820:
4819:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4778:
4776:
4770:
4769:
4767:
4766:
4763:Indian reserve
4760:
4753:
4751:
4747:
4746:
4744:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4727:
4725:
4719:
4718:
4716:
4715:
4713:Urban district
4710:
4709:
4708:
4698:
4697:
4696:
4686:
4685:
4684:
4679:
4671:
4666:
4664:Rural district
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4640:
4639:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4588:
4586:
4580:
4579:
4577:
4576:
4570:
4568:
4562:
4561:
4559:
4558:
4552:
4550:
4544:
4543:
4541:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4529:
4528:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4492:
4490:
4484:
4483:
4481:
4480:
4475:
4469:
4467:
4461:
4460:
4458:
4457:
4450:
4443:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4415:
4413:
4407:
4406:
4404:
4403:
4396:
4390:
4388:
4382:
4381:
4376:
4374:
4368:
4367:
4365:
4364:
4359:
4357:County borough
4353:
4351:
4345:
4344:
4342:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4315:
4313:
4305:
4304:
4290:
4289:
4277:
4276:
4268:
4267:
4260:
4253:
4245:
4239:
4238:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4197:
4196:External links
4194:
4193:
4192:
4176:Border Regions
4171:
4161:Said Saddiki,
4159:
4121:
4083:
4062:
4055:
4037:
4023:
4020:
4017:
4016:
3996:
3965:
3943:
3925:
3905:
3887:
3868:(2): 143â161.
3850:
3831:(2): 186â207.
3813:
3776:(7): 657â667.
3754:
3723:
3695:
3646:
3617:(3): 733â790.
3597:
3560:(1): 170â192.
3538:
3511:
3483:
3456:
3431:
3404:
3368:
3339:
3313:
3287:
3261:
3237:
3193:
3182:on 15 May 2008
3167:
3136:
3105:
3075:
3058:
3026:
3001:
2983:"General info"
2974:
2947:
2935:Stimson Center
2922:
2886:
2863:
2838:
2817:(2): 313â334.
2795:
2785:
2767:
2724:
2713:
2693:
2673:
2666:
2658:Berghahn Books
2633:
2626:
2620:. p. 47.
2596:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2445:Border control
2442:
2440:Border barrier
2436:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2429:
2419:
2412:
2410:
2403:Hadrian's Wall
2400:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2381:
2379:
2364:
2357:
2355:
2344:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2325:
2323:
2308:
2301:
2299:
2285:
2278:
2276:
2262:
2255:
2253:
2246:
2239:
2237:
2230:
2223:
2221:
2202:
2195:
2193:
2178:
2171:
2169:
2158:
2151:
2149:
2134:
2127:
2125:
2114:
2107:
2105:
2097:European Union
2083:A sign at the
2082:
2075:
2073:
2062:
2055:
2053:
2022:
2015:
2013:
2002:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1983:
1981:
1966:
1959:
1957:
1953:Radcliffe Line
1942:
1935:
1933:
1925:
1924:Images gallery
1922:
1847:
1844:
1810:
1809:Border studies
1807:
1791:European Union
1772:Main article:
1769:
1766:
1705:
1702:
1677:Seed dispersal
1665:Border control
1660:
1657:
1641:Russian border
1596:
1593:
1585:border markers
1579:
1578:
1558:
1556:
1528:Defensive wall
1516:Border outpost
1506:Border barrier
1497:
1494:
1490:Kashmir region
1466:no man's lands
1462:fortifications
1456:
1455:
1435:
1433:
1419:Main article:
1416:
1413:
1396:Hadrian's Wall
1315:European Union
1304:border control
1253:Main article:
1250:
1247:
1196:Horn of Africa
1076:Main article:
1073:
1070:
1011:
1008:
970:
967:
959:United Kingdom
926:industrialized
905:
902:
899:Border control
897:Main article:
894:
891:
857:
854:
810:
807:
764:Main article:
761:
758:
737:
734:
669:
666:
645:
642:
636:) west to the
604:
601:
588:
585:
580:
579:
525:
491:
461:
410:Ichamati river
387:
364:Natural border
362:Main article:
347:
344:
334:
331:
323:
322:Classification
320:
272:
269:
261:
260:
257:
251:
248:
245:
242:
220:border control
145:border control
140:
137:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6072:
6061:
6058:
6057:
6055:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6014:
6013:
6011:
6005:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5936:
5935:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5919:
5916:
5915:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5877:
5875:
5871:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5848:
5845:
5844:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5833:
5830:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5810:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5781:
5778:
5777:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5739:
5736:
5735:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5715:
5714:Kommun/Kunta
5713:
5711:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5666:
5665:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5602:
5600:
5596:
5592:
5585:
5581:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5538:Roman diocese
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5480:
5478:
5474:
5468:
5465:
5461:
5458:
5457:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5433:
5429:
5426:
5425:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5378:Neighbourhood
5376:
5374:
5371:
5367:
5364:
5363:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5329:
5325:
5322:
5321:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5273:
5270:
5269:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5257:Alpine resort
5255:
5254:
5252:
5248:
5244:
5237:
5233:
5217:
5214:
5213:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5192:
5189:
5188:
5187:
5184:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5166:
5164:
5163:
5161:
5157:
5149:
5146:
5145:
5143:
5141:
5140:Regional unit
5138:
5137:
5135:
5131:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5101:
5099:
5097:
5093:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5078:
5076:
5074:
5070:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5052:
5049:
5048:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5021:
5020:
5017:
5016:
5014:
5012:
5008:
5002:
5001:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4989:Federal state
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4976:
4974:
4972:
4968:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4935:
4932:
4931:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4918:
4915:
4914:
4912:
4911:
4909:
4907:
4903:
4897:
4896:
4892:
4890:
4889:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4879:
4877:
4875:
4871:
4865:
4864:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4852:Subprefecture
4850:
4848:
4845:
4844:
4842:
4840:
4836:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4818:
4815:
4814:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4779:
4777:
4775:
4771:
4764:
4761:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4752:
4748:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4728:
4726:
4724:
4720:
4714:
4711:
4707:
4704:
4703:
4702:
4699:
4695:
4692:
4691:
4690:
4687:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4674:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4638:
4635:
4634:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4622:Land district
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4597:City district
4595:
4593:
4590:
4589:
4587:
4585:
4581:
4575:
4572:
4571:
4569:
4567:
4563:
4557:
4554:
4553:
4551:
4549:
4545:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4527:
4524:
4523:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4493:
4491:
4489:
4485:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4470:
4468:
4466:
4462:
4456:
4455:
4451:
4449:
4448:
4444:
4442:
4441:
4440:Imperial city
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4416:
4414:
4412:
4408:
4402:
4401:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4391:
4389:
4387:
4383:
4379:
4375:
4373:
4369:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4354:
4352:
4350:
4346:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4316:
4314:
4310:
4306:
4299:
4295:
4291:
4287:
4286:English terms
4282:
4278:
4274:
4266:
4261:
4259:
4254:
4252:
4247:
4246:
4243:
4237:
4233:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4211:
4210:
4208:
4203:
4190:
4186:
4182:
4178:
4177:
4172:
4170:
4166:
4165:
4160:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4144:
4140:
4136:
4135:
4127:
4122:
4118:
4114:
4110:
4106:
4103:(2): 208â23.
4102:
4098:
4097:
4092:
4088:
4084:
4081:
4077:
4073:
4069:
4068:
4063:
4059:
4056:
4052:
4048:
4047:
4042:
4038:
4034:
4030:
4026:
4025:
4012:
4011:
4006:
4000:
3986:on 2013-08-09
3985:
3981:
3980:
3975:
3969:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3947:
3939:
3935:
3929:
3921:
3920:
3915:
3909:
3901:
3899:
3891:
3883:
3879:
3875:
3871:
3867:
3863:
3862:
3854:
3846:
3842:
3838:
3834:
3830:
3826:
3825:
3817:
3809:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3791:
3787:
3783:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3770:
3765:
3758:
3743:
3742:
3737:
3730:
3728:
3719:
3715:
3714:
3709:
3702:
3700:
3691:
3687:
3683:
3679:
3675:
3671:
3667:
3663:
3662:
3657:
3650:
3642:
3638:
3634:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3616:
3612:
3608:
3601:
3593:
3589:
3585:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3555:
3554:
3549:
3542:
3526:
3522:
3515:
3500:. 7 June 2007
3499:
3498:
3493:
3487:
3472:
3471:
3466:
3460:
3445:
3441:
3435:
3420:
3419:
3414:
3408:
3389:
3385:
3378:
3372:
3357:
3356:
3350:
3343:
3328:on 3 May 2016
3327:
3323:
3317:
3302:
3298:
3291:
3276:
3272:
3265:
3251:
3247:
3241:
3233:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3212:
3204:
3197:
3181:
3177:
3171:
3160:
3157:. p. 3.
3156:
3149:
3148:
3140:
3125:
3121:
3120:
3115:
3109:
3094:
3093:
3088:
3082:
3080:
3071:
3070:
3062:
3046:
3042:
3041:
3036:
3030:
3015:
3011:
3005:
2990:
2989:
2984:
2978:
2963:
2962:
2957:
2951:
2936:
2932:
2926:
2907:
2903:
2896:
2890:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2867:
2853:
2849:
2842:
2834:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2816:
2812:
2811:
2806:
2799:
2792:
2788:
2782:
2778:
2771:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2743:
2735:
2728:
2720:
2716:
2714:9780230114685
2710:
2706:
2705:
2697:
2689:
2688:
2683:
2677:
2669:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2637:
2629:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2606:Slater, Terry
2601:
2597:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2580:Schengen Area
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2490:Illegal entry
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2427:
2423:
2416:
2411:
2408:
2407:Roman Britain
2404:
2401:A section of
2397:
2392:
2385:
2380:
2376:
2373:in Russia to
2372:
2368:
2361:
2356:
2352:
2351:entirely open
2348:
2341:
2336:
2329:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2305:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2289:
2282:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2259:
2254:
2250:
2243:
2238:
2234:
2227:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2199:
2194:
2190:
2189:Baarle Hertog
2186:
2185:Baarle Nassau
2182:
2175:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2155:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2131:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2111:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2079:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2059:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2037:Foz do IguazĂș
2034:
2030:
2029:Puerto IguazĂș
2026:
2019:
2014:
2010:
2006:
1999:
1994:
1987:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1963:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1939:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1929:
1921:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1890:
1888:
1883:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1843:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1832:North America
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1816:globalization
1806:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1782:
1775:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1701:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1656:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1606:
1605:Port of entry
1602:
1592:
1590:
1586:
1575:
1566:
1562:
1559:This section
1557:
1554:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1493:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1482:38th Parallel
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1452:
1443:
1439:
1436:This section
1434:
1431:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1412:
1410:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1382:
1377:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1339:Liechtenstein
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1323:Schengen Area
1320:
1316:
1312:
1307:
1305:
1301:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1256:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1114:
1107:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1079:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1029:
1025:
1024:Terra nullius
1021:
1017:
1016:No man's land
1007:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
984:
975:
966:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
947:United States
944:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
922:jurisdictions
915:
912:Crossing the
910:
900:
890:
888:
884:
880:
879:terra nullius
875:
871:
870:Terra nullius
867:
863:
853:
851:
847:
843:
839:
838:Pacific Ocean
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
806:
803:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
780:
778:
774:
767:
757:
755:
751:
747:
743:
733:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
710:South Vietnam
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
679:
674:
668:Relic borders
665:
663:
659:
655:
651:
641:
639:
638:Pacific Ocean
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
610:North America
600:
598:
594:
584:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
526:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
500:, separating
499:
495:
492:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
462:
459:
458:Potomac River
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
394:Niagara River
391:
388:
385:
381:
377:
374:
373:
372:
369:
365:
357:
352:
343:
339:
329:
319:
317:
313:
309:
304:
302:
298:
294:
291:. During the
290:
286:
282:
278:
268:
266:
258:
256:
252:
249:
246:
243:
240:
239:
238:
235:
233:
229:
228:Schengen Area
225:
221:
217:
208:
204:
202:
197:
193:
189:
184:
182:
179:documents or
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
157:
154:
150:
146:
136:
134:
130:
126:
119:
115:
108:
104:
100:
96:
94:
90:
86:
82:
81:Schengen Area
77:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
35:
29:
22:
6009:
5930:Maalaiskunta
5890:Heerlijkheid
5730:LĂ€n (Sweden)
5398:Protectorate
5393:Principality
5314:Constituency
5203:Neutral zone
4998:
4893:
4886:
4861:
4774:Municipality
4452:
4445:
4438:
4424:Charter city
4398:
4329:Special area
4319:Insular area
4199:
4175:
4162:
4138:
4132:
4100:
4094:
4066:
4051:the original
4044:
4032:
4008:
3999:
3988:. Retrieved
3984:the original
3977:
3968:
3960:the original
3955:
3946:
3937:
3928:
3917:
3908:
3897:
3890:
3865:
3859:
3853:
3828:
3822:
3816:
3799:10044/1/1343
3773:
3767:
3757:
3745:. Retrieved
3739:
3718:the original
3711:
3668:(1): 40â59.
3665:
3659:
3649:
3614:
3610:
3600:
3557:
3551:
3541:
3529:. Retrieved
3525:the original
3514:
3502:. Retrieved
3495:
3486:
3474:. Retrieved
3468:
3459:
3447:. Retrieved
3443:
3434:
3422:. Retrieved
3416:
3407:
3395:. Retrieved
3388:the original
3383:
3371:
3359:. Retrieved
3352:
3342:
3330:. Retrieved
3326:the original
3316:
3304:. Retrieved
3300:
3290:
3278:. Retrieved
3275:www.siue.edu
3274:
3264:
3253:. Retrieved
3249:
3240:
3215:
3209:
3196:
3184:. Retrieved
3180:the original
3170:
3146:
3139:
3127:. Retrieved
3117:
3108:
3096:. Retrieved
3090:
3068:
3061:
3049:. Retrieved
3045:the original
3038:
3029:
3017:. Retrieved
3013:
3004:
2992:. Retrieved
2986:
2977:
2965:. Retrieved
2959:
2950:
2938:. Retrieved
2934:
2925:
2913:. Retrieved
2906:the original
2889:
2876:
2866:
2855:. Retrieved
2851:
2841:
2814:
2808:
2798:
2790:
2776:
2770:
2759:the original
2746:
2740:
2727:
2719:Google Books
2717:– via
2703:
2696:
2685:
2676:
2653:
2636:
2613:
2600:
2426:Roman Empire
2288:Treriksröset
2217:Herzogenrath
2204:
2091:border near
2041:IguazĂș River
2009:Karigasniemi
1927:
1900:, physical,
1891:
1884:
1870:, identity,
1868:surveillance
1859:
1849:
1812:
1777:
1763:
1748:Refugee camp
1696:or types of
1690:permeability
1687:
1684:
1654:
1649:Lappeenranta
1639:side of the
1627:Custom house
1615:Trading post
1582:
1569:
1565:adding to it
1560:
1478:buffer zones
1459:
1446:
1442:adding to it
1437:
1392:Maginot Line
1385:
1351:
1308:
1297:
1291:Mount Hermon
1216:
1192:pastoralists
1185:
1167:, and/or of
1157:prostitution
1125:border trade
1122:
1119:
1078:Border trade
1041:
1031:
994:or the open
980:
969:Open borders
919:
876:
873:
812:
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781:
769:
739:
694:West Germany
683:
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647:
644:Fiat borders
606:
593:Song dynasty
590:
581:
422:Hebrew Bible
370:
367:
340:
336:
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288:
284:
280:
274:
264:
262:
255:Soviet Union
236:
213:
199:constitutes
185:
158:
142:
128:
125:Buffer zones
123:
118:North Korean
103:South Korean
93:border zones
78:
74:colonization
64:, and other
38:geographical
33:
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5925:Landskommun
5817:SavivaldybÄ
5683:Switzerland
5678:South Tyrol
5558:Viceroyalty
5351:Governorate
5309:Condominium
5212:Trade zone
5086:Market town
5081:Census town
4979:Proto-state
4951:Microregion
4516:County town
4511:County seat
4378:Half-canton
4087:James, Paul
3129:28 February
3051:19 November
3019:19 November
2994:19 November
2852:JSTOR Daily
2575:Quadripoint
2485:Geopolitics
2233:Netherlands
2209:Netherlands
2181:Netherlands
2165:Netherlands
2147:in Austria.
1906:nationalist
1866:, borders,
1736:Sister City
1714:Third place
1611:Border town
1524:Buffer zone
1409:World War I
1400:stone walls
1370:Third World
1366:First World
1360:during its
1335:Switzerland
1300:checkpoints
1273:Travel visa
1243:Euroregions
1153:pornography
1054:outer space
1028:Buffer zone
988:for example
983:open border
846:outer space
842:KĂĄrmĂĄn line
718:South Yemen
618:Middle East
608:such as in
578:and others.
572:Switzerland
562:separating
550:separating
488:Great Lakes
470:, with the
430:river Arnon
177:immigration
167:, or other
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5873:Historical
5837:ShahrestÄn
5780:Autonomous
5528:Presidency
5476:Historical
5445:Suzerainty
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5272:Autonomous
4994:Free state
4984:City-state
4946:Mesoregion
4839:Prefecture
4566:Department
3990:2008-09-24
3575:10532/3989
3255:2023-11-29
2915:2 February
2857:2023-01-05
2749:: 93â108.
2592:References
2371:Zabaykalsk
2319:East Timor
2137:Burghausen
2115:A typical
2065:Peace Arch
1977:California
1973:San Ysidro
1967:Border at
1951:along the
1846:Border art
1732:Federalism
1726:See also:
1609:See also:
1514:See also:
1372:country".
1259:See also:
1239:free trade
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881:, such as
818:atmosphere
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308:marchlands
289:borderland
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196:quarantine
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5610:Apskritis
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5498:Exarchate
5440:Sultanate
5331:Eldership
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4961:Subregion
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4465:Community
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4074:, Mainz:
3882:143640667
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3641:239873111
3633:1945-7669
3584:0002-8282
3301:Traveller
3218:: 58â79.
3087:"Air law"
2833:2059-1632
2377:in China.
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2315:Indonesia
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2025:Argentina
2005:Anarjohka
1914:activists
1902:emotional
1898:political
1876:ethnicity
1830:based in
1718:Hybridity
1698:pollution
1681:Pollution
1651:, Finland
1572:July 2020
1532:Barricade
1449:July 2020
1223:commuting
1169:narcotics
1165:fireworks
1129:Smuggling
1102:San Diego
943:Australia
936:check or
850:space law
830:high seas
654:bona fide
634:Minnesota
556:Argentina
518:Venezuela
438:Israelite
384:continent
201:smuggling
161:passports
6054:Category
6015:See also
5750:Maakunta
5745:LocalitĂ
5690:Gemeente
5650:Frazione
5620:Barangay
5450:Townland
5388:Precinct
5373:Muftiate
5324:District
5284:Cadastre
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4874:Province
4765:(Canada)
4723:Division
4584:District
4232:Archived
4155:53724373
4089:(2014).
3952:"ABORNE"
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3232:53724373
3159:Archived
2961:BBC News
2652:(eds.).
2585:Tripoint
2433:See also
2213:Kerkrade
2121:Kufstein
2117:Schengen
2101:Schengen
2045:Paraguay
1949:Pakistan
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1860:frontera
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1645:Nuijamaa
1544:Landmark
1356:and the
1325:states (
1265:Passport
1249:Politics
1227:commerce
1212:Djibouti
1200:Ethiopia
1177:airports
1149:services
1042:de facto
934:passport
862:Frontier
856:Frontier
814:Airspace
754:Pakistan
748:between
704:between
688:between
686:boundary
616:and the
536:Pyrenees
514:Colombia
480:Tanzania
436:and the
265:de facto
216:barriers
153:seaports
149:airports
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4386:Capital
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4207:Borders
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3747:20 June
3670:Bibcode
3592:7277314
3531:26 July
3504:26 July
3476:26 July
3449:26 July
3424:26 July
3397:26 July
3361:27 July
3332:27 July
3306:28 July
3280:28 July
3186:26 July
3098:26 July
2967:24 July
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2618:Pearson
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2266:at the
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2067:at the
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1194:in the
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1799:Europe
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1787:Europe
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1720:, and
1679:, and
1625:, and
1542:, and
1508:, and
1394:, and
1390:, the
1337:, and
1331:Norway
1302:where
1271:, and
1235:Europe
1233:or in
1141:export
1137:import
1135:or of
1133:excise
1090:, and
1060:, the
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957:, the
955:Canada
951:Israel
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790:, and
620:. The
614:Africa
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568:France
546:; the
544:France
522:Guyana
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5965:Rreth
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714:North
706:North
662:Latin
564:Italy
552:Chile
548:Andes
540:Spain
508:from
464:Lakes
426:Moses
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165:visas
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5543:Seat
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5467:Ward
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5073:Town
4411:City
4312:Area
3749:2007
3629:ISSN
3580:ISSN
3533:2018
3506:2018
3478:2018
3451:2018
3426:2018
3399:2018
3363:2018
3334:2018
3308:2018
3282:2018
3188:2018
3131:2019
3124:NATO
3100:2018
3053:2010
3021:2010
2996:2010
2969:2018
2942:2018
2917:2010
2829:ISSN
2781:ISBN
2709:ISBN
2662:ISBN
2622:ISBN
2317:and
2286:The
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2187:and
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1971:and
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1603:and
1536:Wall
1476:and
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1368:and
1285:and
1210:and
1175:and
1052:and
930:visa
834:NATO
796:lake
752:and
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716:and
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692:and
690:East
658:fiat
650:fiat
632:and
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4189:pdf
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