610:
658:
686:
634:
674:
479:(the) Bezuidenhout, and the missiles which brought death and misery fell only a hundred metres from us. At the same time we saw the launching and the roaring, flaming V2, holding our breath to see if the launch was successful, if not falling back on the homes of innocent people. It is horrible to see the monsters take off in the middle of the night between the houses, lighting up the skies. One can imagine the terrors that came upon us now that The Hague is a frontline town, bombed continuously for more than ten days. Buildings, burning and smouldering furiously, a town choking from smoke, women and children fleeing, men hauling furniture which they tried to rescue from the chaos. What misery, what distress.
646:
489:
598:
299:
622:
193:
134:
253:
168:
42:
501:
283:
121:
453:
260:
478:
The horrors of the war are increasing. We have seen the fires in The Hague after the terrible bombings due to the V2-launching sites. We have seen the column of smoke, drifting to the south and the ordeal of the war has descended upon us in its extended impact. We heard the screaming bombs falling on
397:
launching facilities that had been used to attack
English cities. However, the pilots were issued with the wrong coordinates (vertical and horizontal interchanged), so the navigational instruments of the bombers had been set incorrectly, and combined with low fog and clouds which obscured their
402:
of 9 instead of the expected 5 added to the catastrophe. All bombs missed the rocket installations in the 2.4 km (1.5 mi) x 0.8 km (0.50 mi) forest target (Haagse Bos) by 1.2 km (1,300 yd) ("incorrect allowance for the wind"/"map-reading error"), and hit the
657:
685:
3558:
609:
448:
or had gone into hiding to prevent being signed up) the resulting fire was largely unchecked, killing 511 people, including ten firefighters at the
Schenkkade. In total 532 people were killed by the bombing.
302:
The desolate landscape of the Hague neighborhood of
Bezuidenhout in 1946. At the front the Bezuidenhoutseweg road. Completely at the back, behind the railroad tracks, a part of the municipality of Voorburg.
1323:
3598:
3489:
1971:
3553:
1203:
673:
464:
As soon as the
British realized the extent of the damage, they dropped fliers over the neighborhood expressing condolences for the civilians who were killed by their error.
645:
633:
3593:
3578:
1371:
1117:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
597:
3431:
1177:
1454:
1320:
1964:
77:
1912:
2366:
1521:
664:
621:
414:"Everyone went out and into the street. You saw people running, running, running everywhere. But whichever way you ran, there was fire everywhere."
810:
252:
1957:
522:(residents of both towns helped with firefighting and caring for the survivors) were present at the remembrance ceremony, which consisted of a
3033:
692:
2261:
46:
Bezuidenhout burning, shortly after the bombing, photographed from the tower of the Church of James the
Greater, at Parkstraat in The Hague
3484:
2717:
1421:
1241:
2616:
2471:
2276:
1516:
1996:
994:
Boodschap aan de bevolking van Den Haag: oorzaken, gevolgen en nasleep van het mislukte bombardement op het
Bezuidenhout, 3 maart 1945
3281:
3196:
718:
2476:
1447:
1263:
1200:
2421:
2351:
2145:
1647:
1526:
268:
2246:
2211:
2196:
2486:
3251:
2401:
2316:
2311:
1980:
1587:
1235:
3573:
3340:
3298:
3191:
3186:
3171:
2976:
2764:
2456:
2426:
2406:
2321:
2236:
2165:
1597:
2361:
1345:
410:
At 9:08 a.m. the 51 bombers dropped 67 tons of high-explosive bombs on the
Bezuidenhout, wreaking widespread destruction.
3276:
3256:
3015:
2981:
2571:
2531:
2381:
2186:
2140:
1440:
1402:
Boodschap aan de bevolking van Den Haag – Oorzaken, gevolgen en nasleep van het mislukte bombardement op het
Bezuidenhout
1267:
1296:
3583:
3479:
3398:
3236:
3091:
2682:
2656:
2636:
2606:
2601:
2576:
2546:
2526:
2356:
2306:
2296:
2266:
2251:
2130:
2067:
1923:
1602:
1582:
1375:
1174:
3206:
3231:
3166:
3051:
3045:
3003:
2743:
2591:
2511:
2396:
2341:
2216:
2201:
1592:
1156:
1125:
1001:
728:
919:
3548:
3265:
3161:
3039:
2795:
2785:
2666:
2646:
2596:
2586:
2561:
2466:
2371:
2301:
2150:
2062:
2026:
1480:
3201:
3181:
3009:
2626:
2611:
1572:
1531:
543:
3410:
2461:
1409:
152:
3563:
3494:
3291:
2083:
1907:
488:
363:
172:
1820:
2964:
2702:
1547:
1211:
347:
212:
1557:
867:
Ballistics of the Future With
Special Reference to the Dynamical And Physical Theory of the Rocket Weapons
3335:
2712:
2088:
1716:
3568:
3086:
2969:
1930:
1639:
814:
428:; tens of thousands were left homeless and had to be quartered in the Eastern and Central Netherlands.
2291:
2206:
1567:
1331:
424:
At the time, the neighborhood was more densely populated than usual with evacuees from The Hague and
1432:
298:
2790:
1902:
398:
vision, the bombs were instead dropped on the
Bezuidenhout residential neighborhood. Eventually, a
2651:
2481:
3416:
2621:
2536:
2098:
1825:
714:
375:
3508:
3382:
3377:
3114:
2001:
1732:
1552:
1485:
876:
2191:
3523:
3021:
2800:
2411:
1696:
1225:
519:
2506:
2331:
2286:
893:
3109:
2769:
2697:
2556:
2441:
1917:
1681:
1676:
1495:
880:
754:
496:
and her five sons, which survived the bombing and now doubles as a monument for its victims
2748:
2231:
2155:
8:
3246:
3140:
2707:
2391:
2271:
1623:
1028:
875:, Gatland & Kunesch, 1953 Second impression, p. 52-3; and Kooy-Uytenbogaart location
734:
510:
The bombing is commemorated every year on the first Sunday after 3 March. In 2011, Mayor
500:
493:
2521:
2416:
2376:
2336:
1949:
41:
3588:
3404:
3271:
3216:
3176:
3124:
2738:
2115:
1937:
1752:
1711:
1671:
1631:
1562:
511:
367:
351:
208:
33:
2997:
2446:
2135:
3361:
3286:
3226:
3221:
3145:
3119:
3027:
2938:
2853:
2818:
2551:
2046:
2011:
1881:
1777:
1747:
1405:
1231:
1152:
1007:
997:
724:
227:
2661:
2641:
2581:
2541:
2431:
2160:
3356:
3261:
3241:
2923:
2913:
2848:
2687:
2566:
2516:
2436:
2281:
2221:
2041:
1991:
1886:
1871:
1830:
1805:
1789:
1762:
1742:
1706:
1666:
471:
359:
355:
183:
178:
2451:
2241:
2125:
3211:
2933:
2903:
2873:
1876:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1835:
1767:
1691:
1327:
1207:
840:"75 jaar bevrijding - RAF-bombardement verwoest Haagse woonwijk, honderden doden"
319:
2692:
2631:
2346:
2256:
2226:
723:. Apogee Books Space Series 36. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell. pp. 221, 226.
3314:
3081:
2928:
2888:
2878:
2858:
2823:
2386:
1772:
1757:
1701:
1686:
1577:
1227:
The Low Countries: arts and society in Flanders and the Netherlands, a yearbook
535:
523:
445:
437:
399:
311:
126:
2326:
1064:"75 jaar bevrijding - Britse verklaring uitgestrooid boven getroffen Den Haag"
3542:
2943:
2918:
2868:
2863:
2843:
1810:
1784:
1511:
1292:
1181:
1093:"Ontdek de historische 2e wereldoorlog wandelroute in Den Haag met kidszone!"
339:
282:
92:
79:
2181:
1011:
2883:
2833:
404:
390:
343:
323:
287:
139:
30:
3559:
Aerial operations and battles of World War II involving the United Kingdom
294:
rockets at London from The Hague – 79 failed at launch, 600 reached London
3066:
2898:
2093:
1815:
1737:
1475:
441:
379:
71:
1415:
965:"Het bombardement Bezuidenhout Den Haag | Bombardement Bezuidenhout '45"
777:
2893:
2838:
964:
452:
386:
2908:
2828:
2016:
2006:
1490:
1462:
1121:
515:
425:
327:
67:
371:
238:
1416:
Extensive 2016 list of names of the citizens killed by the bombing
3599:
Aerial operations and battles of World War II by populated place
759:
Hitler's Last Weapons: The Underground War against the V1 and V2
615:
Juliana van Stolberg monument and ruins of the Wilhelmina Church
1321:
Speech by Mayor Van Aartsen at the commemoration of the bombing
651:
The intense fire caused numerous buildings to collapse entirely
527:
1266:[Bombing of the Bezuidenhout March 1945] (in Dutch).
1063:
839:
466:
1230:. Vol. 9. Flemish-Netherlands Foundation. p. 113.
1185:
546:. A similar church service and concert were held in 2012.
1979:
394:
291:
713:
1427:
1092:
1175:
Geschiedenis van 747. Afl.4: Bombardement Bezuidenhout
811:"Historische Kranten - actualiteiten uit het verleden"
3554:
Aerial bombing operations and battles of World War II
1223:
1422:
List of names of the citizens killed by the bombing
378:in Northern France with a payload of 67,000 kg of
259:
3594:World War II strategic bombing of the Netherlands
1463:RAF strategic bombing during the Second World War
920:"Bronnen over 'Bombardement op het Bezuidenhout'"
627:Unknown street in Bezuidenhout, after the bombing
603:Unknown street in Bezuidenhout, after the bombing
549:
3540:
1428:Organisation of the bombings of the Bezuidenhout
1374:. The Hague Online. 5 March 2012. Archived from
864:
1346:"Honderden herdenken bombardement Bezuidenhout"
444:(as many of them had been either called up for
865:Kooy, J. M. J; Uytenbogaart, J. W. H. (1946).
679:Korte Voorhout (street) at the old city center
385:The British bombers were intended to bomb the
3579:Netherlands–United Kingdom military relations
1965:
1448:
1151:. Yorkshire: The Emfield Press. p. 133.
871:(Kooy-Uytenbogaart launch figures are from
749:
747:
389:("Forest of the Hague") district where the
1972:
1958:
1913:Air operations during the Battle of Europe
1455:
1441:
693:Anglican Church of St. John and St. Philip
3197:Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
1404:, 3 maart 1945, Sdu Uitgevers, The Hague
1264:"Bombardement op Bezuidenhout maart 1945"
991:
894:"Bombardement Bezuidenhout | DenHaag.com"
753:
197:902nd Artillery Regiment z.V. (Motorized)
1097:Stichting 3 maart '45 / wandelroute BB45
805:
803:
801:
799:
772:
770:
768:
744:
585:10 completely destroyed public buildings
499:
487:
451:
330:, resulting in the death of 532 people.
318:) took place on March 3, 1945, when the
297:
281:
3307:
1311:
1290:
1146:
1140:
1087:
1085:
460:in the Bezuidenhout before World War II
16:1945 British military error during WWII
3541:
1149:The Battle of the V-Weapons, 1944–1945
834:
832:
514:of The Hague as well as the Mayors of
1981:Strategic bombing during World War II
1953:
1908:United States Army Air Forces (USAAF)
1436:
1299:from the original on 20 February 2020
1286:
1284:
1110:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1023:
1021:
996:(in Dutch). Den Haag: Sdu Uitgevers.
987:
985:
796:
765:
761:. New York: Times Books. p. 184.
564:3,300 completely destroyed residences
540:Monument van de menselijke vergissing
505:Monument van de menselijke vergissing
3074:
1903:Aerial defence of the United Kingdom
1337:
1165:
1124:Online. 4 March 2011. Archived from
1082:
959:
957:
955:
953:
951:
949:
947:
945:
943:
941:
338:On the morning of March 3, 1945, 51
3516:
1568:Combined Bomber Offensive (1943–44)
1372:"Bezuidenhout Bombing Commemorated"
1343:
1191:
829:
576:290 completely destroyed businesses
542:) and a remembrance concert in the
13:
1924:Death by Moonlight: Bomber Command
1394:
1281:
1256:
1047:
1018:
982:
813:. 15 December 2013. Archived from
665:Church of Our Lady of Good Counsel
639:Laan van Nieuw Oost-Indië (street)
573:391 irreparably damaged residences
326:neighborhood in the Dutch city of
226:Bezuidenhout civilian casualties (
14:
3610:
1244:from the original on 3 March 2023
1118:"Bezuidenhout Bombing Remembered"
938:
1553:Area bombing of cities (1942–43)
684:
672:
663:In the background: ruins of the
656:
644:
632:
620:
608:
596:
483:
316:bombardement op het Bezuidenhout
258:
251:
191:
166:
132:
119:
40:
1481:RAF strategic bombing 1942–1945
1364:
1217:
695:in The Hague, after the bombing
579:5 completely destroyed churches
544:Royal Conservatory of The Hague
446:forced labor in German industry
1224:Stichting Ons Erfdeel (1998).
912:
886:
877:information was used as source
858:
707:
582:9 completely destroyed schools
550:Casualties, losses, and damage
1:
1486:Area Bombing Directive (1942)
1293:"Bombardment on Bezuidenhout"
717:; Sharpe, Mitchell R (1979).
700:
667:at Bezuidenhoutseweg (street)
532:Monument of the human mistake
272:Location within South Holland
1400:(in Dutch) Carlo Tinschert,
348:North American B-25 Mitchell
7:
3574:Netherlands in World War II
1496:Casablanca directive (1943)
567:3,250 burned out residences
561:30,000 people left homeless
431:
308:bombing of the Bezuidenhout
24:Bombing of the Bezuidenhout
10:
3615:
1573:Battle of Berlin (1943–44)
1517:Frederick "Prof" Lindemann
1029:"Een dodelijke vergissing"
589:
333:
3584:20th century in The Hague
3507:
3472:
3441:
3430:
3391:
3370:
3349:
3328:
3154:
3133:
3102:
3065:
2990:
2954:
2809:
2778:
2757:
2731:
2675:
2499:
2174:
2114:
2107:
2076:
2055:
2034:
2025:
1987:
1895:
1844:
1798:
1725:
1659:
1616:
1563:Battle of the Ruhr (1943)
1540:
1504:
1468:
1332:Municipality of The Hague
1070:(in Dutch). 23 March 1945
992:Tinschert, Carlo (2005).
364:Second Tactical Air Force
290:artillery launched 1,027
246:
224:
219:
206:
201:
173:Second Tactical Air Force
158:
150:
145:
112:
50:
39:
28:
23:
1997:Aerial bombing of cities
1887:Light Night Strike Force
1147:Collier, Basil (1976) .
846:(in Dutch). 3 March 1945
570:3,241 damaged residences
235:532 killed, 344 injured,
3549:1945 in the Netherlands
1291:Verbeek, J. R. (2005).
1268:Koninklijke Bibliotheek
1206:March 13, 2012, at the
715:Ordway, Frederick I III
2002:Area bombing directive
1527:Sir Archibald Sinclair
1512:Arthur "Bomber" Harris
1491:Dehousing paper (1942)
1326:March 9, 2012, at the
539:
507:
497:
481:
461:
422:
407:neighborhood instead.
322:mistakenly bombed the
315:
303:
295:
146:Commanders and leaders
1672:Boston (Douglas DB-7)
1558:U-boat pens (1943–44)
1548:Oil targets (1940-45)
924:www.oorlogsbronnen.nl
520:Leidschendam-Voorburg
503:
491:
476:
474:newspaper, reported:
455:
412:
301:
285:
220:Casualties and losses
3564:History of The Hague
2367:Ludwigshafen / Oppau
2099:Saint-Leu-d'Esserent
1918:Defence of the Reich
1344:ANP (6 March 2011).
738:(hyperlink to index)
436:Due to insufficient
380:high-explosive bombs
269:class=notpageimage|
153:Sir Arthur Coningham
93:52.08806°N 4.34472°E
3442:Mandatory Palestine
1821:Intruder operations
1635:("Dambusters" raid)
817:on 15 December 2013
494:Juliana of Stolberg
89: /
2718:Rotterdam (Allied)
1938:Target for Tonight
1522:Sir Charles Portal
1476:Butt Report (1941)
1201:Bommen op Den Haag
526:, the laying of a
512:Jozias van Aartsen
508:
498:
462:
304:
296:
34:Operation Crossbow
3569:March 1945 events
3536:
3535:
3532:
3531:
3503:
3502:
3432:Mediterranean and
3426:
3425:
3324:
3323:
3061:
3060:
2834:Barrow-in-Furness
2819:Battle of Britain
2495:
2494:
2272:Freiburg (Allies)
2012:Strategic bombing
1947:
1946:
1882:No. 100 Group RAF
1627:(Friedrichshafen)
1237:978-90-75862-28-7
881:Gravity's Rainbow
280:
279:
228:collateral damage
108:
107:
98:52.08806; 4.34472
3606:
3514:
3513:
3439:
3438:
3336:Allied Singapore
3305:
3304:
3072:
3071:
3030:(Czechoslovakia)
2713:Rotterdam (Axis)
2112:
2111:
2032:
2031:
2027:European theatre
1992:Area bombardment
1974:
1967:
1960:
1951:
1950:
1872:No. 6 Group RCAF
1806:Area bombardment
1790:Target indicator
1763:Blockbuster bomb
1578:Transport (1944)
1457:
1450:
1443:
1434:
1433:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1378:on 14 March 2012
1368:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1341:
1335:
1319:
1315:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1288:
1279:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1221:
1215:
1199:
1195:
1189:
1180:May 7, 2015, at
1173:
1169:
1163:
1162:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1114:
1108:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1089:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1060:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1025:
1016:
1015:
989:
980:
979:
977:
975:
961:
936:
935:
933:
931:
916:
910:
909:
907:
905:
890:
884:
870:
862:
856:
855:
853:
851:
836:
827:
826:
824:
822:
807:
794:
793:
791:
789:
774:
763:
762:
755:Garliński, Józef
751:
742:
741:
740:on 4 March 2012.
739:
733:. Archived from
711:
688:
676:
660:
648:
636:
624:
612:
600:
472:Dutch resistance
420:
262:
261:
255:
196:
195:
194:
171:
170:
169:
138:
136:
135:
125:
123:
122:
104:
103:
101:
100:
99:
94:
90:
87:
86:
85:
82:
52:
51:
44:
21:
20:
3614:
3613:
3609:
3608:
3607:
3605:
3604:
3603:
3539:
3538:
3537:
3528:
3499:
3468:
3433:
3422:
3387:
3366:
3345:
3320:
3303:
3150:
3129:
3098:
3057:
2986:
2950:
2811:
2805:
2774:
2753:
2727:
2671:
2617:Reggio Calabria
2491:
2472:Wiener Neustadt
2277:Friedrichshafen
2267:Freiburg (Axis)
2170:
2117:
2103:
2072:
2051:
2021:
1983:
1978:
1948:
1943:
1891:
1877:No. 8 Group RAF
1867:No. 5 Group RAF
1862:No. 4 Group RAF
1857:No. 3 Group RAF
1852:No. 1 Group RAF
1840:
1836:Shuttle bombing
1794:
1768:Earthquake bomb
1721:
1655:
1612:
1536:
1500:
1464:
1461:
1397:
1395:Further reading
1392:
1391:
1381:
1379:
1370:
1369:
1365:
1355:
1353:
1342:
1338:
1334:, March 7, 2010
1328:Wayback Machine
1317:
1316:
1312:
1302:
1300:
1289:
1282:
1272:
1270:
1262:
1261:
1257:
1247:
1245:
1238:
1222:
1218:
1214:, March 3, 2005
1208:Wayback Machine
1197:
1196:
1192:
1188:, July 25, 2004
1171:
1170:
1166:
1159:
1145:
1141:
1131:
1129:
1128:on 4 March 2012
1116:
1115:
1111:
1101:
1099:
1091:
1090:
1083:
1073:
1071:
1062:
1061:
1048:
1038:
1036:
1027:
1026:
1019:
1004:
990:
983:
973:
971:
963:
962:
939:
929:
927:
918:
917:
913:
903:
901:
892:
891:
887:
863:
859:
849:
847:
838:
837:
830:
820:
818:
809:
808:
797:
787:
785:
776:
775:
766:
752:
745:
737:
731:
720:The Rocket Team
712:
708:
703:
696:
689:
680:
677:
668:
661:
652:
649:
640:
637:
628:
625:
616:
613:
604:
601:
592:
552:
486:
434:
421:
418:
346:bombers of the
336:
320:Royal Air Force
276:
275:
274:
273:
271:
265:
264:
263:
236:
231:
192:
190:
167:
165:
133:
131:
120:
118:
97:
95:
91:
88:
83:
80:
78:
76:
75:
74:
45:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3612:
3602:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3534:
3533:
3530:
3529:
3527:
3526:
3520:
3518:
3511:
3505:
3504:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3476:
3474:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3445:
3443:
3436:
3428:
3427:
3424:
3423:
3421:
3420:
3414:
3408:
3402:
3395:
3393:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3385:
3380:
3374:
3372:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3364:
3359:
3353:
3351:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3343:
3341:Axis Singapore
3338:
3332:
3330:
3326:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3318:
3311:
3309:
3302:
3301:
3296:
3295:
3294:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3158:
3156:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3148:
3143:
3137:
3135:
3131:
3130:
3128:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3106:
3104:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3096:
3095:
3094:
3092:Allied Rangoon
3089:
3082:Burma campaign
3078:
3076:
3069:
3063:
3062:
3059:
3058:
3056:
3055:
3049:
3043:
3037:
3031:
3025:
3019:
3013:
3007:
3001:
2994:
2992:
2988:
2987:
2985:
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2979:
2974:
2973:
2972:
2967:
2958:
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2952:
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2947:
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2936:
2931:
2926:
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2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2826:
2824:Baedeker Blitz
2821:
2815:
2813:
2807:
2806:
2804:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2782:
2780:
2776:
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2767:
2761:
2759:
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2741:
2735:
2733:
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2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
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2679:
2677:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2503:
2501:
2497:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2332:Kaiserslautern
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2178:
2176:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2122:
2120:
2109:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2080:
2078:
2074:
2073:
2071:
2070:
2065:
2059:
2057:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2049:
2044:
2038:
2036:
2029:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1977:
1976:
1969:
1962:
1954:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1934:
1931:Into the Storm
1927:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1899:
1897:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1848:
1846:
1842:
1841:
1839:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1802:
1800:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1781:
1780:
1775:
1765:
1760:
1758:"Monica" radar
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1729:
1727:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1663:
1661:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1653:
1645:
1637:
1629:
1620:
1618:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1544:
1542:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1508:
1506:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1472:
1470:
1466:
1465:
1460:
1459:
1452:
1445:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1424:
1418:
1412:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1363:
1336:
1310:
1280:
1255:
1236:
1216:
1190:
1164:
1157:
1139:
1109:
1081:
1046:
1017:
1002:
981:
937:
911:
885:
857:
828:
795:
778:"3 maart 1945"
764:
743:
729:
705:
704:
702:
699:
698:
697:
690:
683:
681:
678:
671:
669:
662:
655:
653:
650:
643:
641:
638:
631:
629:
626:
619:
617:
614:
607:
605:
602:
595:
591:
588:
587:
586:
583:
580:
577:
574:
571:
568:
565:
562:
559:
556:
555:532 fatalities
551:
548:
524:church service
485:
482:
458:Theresiastraat
433:
430:
416:
393:had installed
366:took off from
352:Douglas Boston
335:
332:
278:
277:
267:
266:
257:
256:
250:
249:
248:
247:
244:
243:
242:
241:
222:
221:
217:
216:
204:
203:
199:
198:
188:
187:
186:
181:
161:
160:
159:Units involved
156:
155:
148:
147:
143:
142:
129:
127:United Kingdom
115:
114:
110:
109:
106:
105:
66:
64:
60:
59:
56:
48:
47:
37:
36:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3611:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3546:
3544:
3525:
3522:
3521:
3519:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3506:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3477:
3475:
3471:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3446:
3444:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3429:
3419:(Philippines)
3418:
3415:
3412:
3409:
3406:
3403:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3390:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3371:United States
3369:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3348:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3331:
3327:
3316:
3313:
3312:
3310:
3306:
3300:
3297:
3293:
3290:
3289:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3267:
3266:10 March 1945
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3153:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3132:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3101:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3084:
3083:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3053:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3041:
3038:
3036:(Switzerland)
3035:
3032:
3029:
3026:
3023:
3020:
3017:
3014:
3011:
3008:
3005:
3002:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2989:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2953:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2831:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2808:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2777:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2756:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2730:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2674:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
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2560:
2558:
2555:
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2548:
2545:
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2535:
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2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
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2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2477:Wilhelmshaven
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
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2240:
2238:
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2213:
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2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2156:Gelsenkirchen
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
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2123:
2121:
2119:
2113:
2110:
2106:
2100:
2097:
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2090:
2087:
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2054:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2024:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1986:
1982:
1975:
1970:
1968:
1963:
1961:
1956:
1955:
1952:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1926:
1925:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
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1901:
1900:
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1855:
1853:
1850:
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1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1826:Master Bomber
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1811:Bomber stream
1809:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1797:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1785:Bouncing bomb
1783:
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1539:
1533:
1532:Arthur Tedder
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1182:archive.today
1179:
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1158:0-7057-0070-4
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691:Ruins of the
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484:Commemoration
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58:March 3, 1945
57:
54:
53:
49:
43:
38:
35:
32:
27:
22:
19:
3509:North Africa
3411:Kuala Lumpur
3392:Other cities
3378:Pearl Harbor
3034:Schaffhausen
2991:Other cities
2779:Soviet Union
2722:
2212:Braunschweig
2192:Aschersleben
2175:Other cities
1936:
1929:
1922:
1651:(PeenemĂĽnde)
1648:
1640:
1632:
1624:
1607:
1401:
1380:. Retrieved
1376:the original
1366:
1354:. Retrieved
1349:
1339:
1313:
1301:. Retrieved
1271:. Retrieved
1258:
1246:. Retrieved
1226:
1219:
1193:
1167:
1148:
1142:
1130:. Retrieved
1126:the original
1112:
1100:. Retrieved
1096:
1072:. Retrieved
1067:
1037:. Retrieved
1032:
993:
972:. Retrieved
968:
928:. Retrieved
923:
914:
902:. Retrieved
897:
888:
873:Space Travel
872:
866:
860:
848:. Retrieved
843:
819:. Retrieved
815:the original
786:. Retrieved
781:
758:
735:the original
719:
709:
531:
509:
504:
492:Monument of
477:
465:
463:
457:
442:firefighters
438:fire engines
435:
423:
413:
409:
405:Bezuidenhout
384:
337:
324:Bezuidenhout
307:
305:
225:
184:No. 139 Wing
179:No. 137 Wing
164:
151:Air Marshal
140:Nazi Germany
113:Belligerents
31:World War II
18:
3473:Other areas
3434:Middle East
3407:(Sri Lanka)
3067:Pacific War
2939:Southampton
2854:Bournemouth
2676:Netherlands
2507:Alessandria
2447:Schweinfurt
2442:SaarbrĂĽcken
2287:Halberstadt
2247:Dietzenbach
2197:Baden-Baden
1831:Pathfinders
1816:Firebombing
1426:(in Dutch)
1420:(in Dutch)
1414:(in Dutch)
1033:3 maart '45
969:www.bb45.nl
898:denhaag.com
558:344 wounded
354:types from
96: /
72:Netherlands
3543:Categories
3413:(Malaysia)
3401:(Thailand)
3282:Utsunomiya
3042:(Bulgaria)
3010:Hammerfest
2955:Yugoslavia
2924:Nottingham
2914:Manchester
2849:Birmingham
2801:Stalingrad
2703:Middelburg
2422:PeenemĂĽnde
2402:Nordhausen
2352:Königsberg
2317:Hildesheim
2232:Crailsheim
2146:DĂĽsseldorf
1778:Grand Slam
1726:Technology
1712:Wellington
1692:Manchester
1617:Operations
1410:9012111889
1352:(in Dutch)
1318:(in Dutch)
1273:5 December
1198:(in Dutch)
1172:(in Dutch)
1035:(in Dutch)
926:(in Dutch)
900:(in Dutch)
784:(in Dutch)
782:WO2 Sporen
701:References
419:Survivor,
400:wind force
387:Haagse Bos
286:Motorized
84:04°20′41″E
81:52°05′17″N
3589:V-weapons
3524:Fort Lamy
3490:Gibraltar
3350:Australia
3329:Singapore
3299:Yokkaichi
3292:June 1944
3272:Toyohashi
3192:Hiratsuka
3187:Hamamatsu
3134:Indonesia
3115:Hong Kong
3110:Chongqing
3054:(Croatia)
3048:(Austria)
3018:(Finland)
3006:(Ireland)
3000:(Hungary)
2977:Podgorica
2961:Belgrade
2934:Sheffield
2904:Liverpool
2874:Clydebank
2829:The Blitz
2791:Leningrad
2765:Bucharest
2723:The Hague
2698:Enkhuizen
2688:Eindhoven
2683:Amsterdam
2522:Benevento
2457:Stuttgart
2427:Pforzheim
2417:Paderborn
2412:OsnabrĂĽck
2407:Nuremberg
2377:Magdeburg
2337:Karlsruhe
2322:Innsbruck
2312:Heilbronn
2262:Frankfurt
2237:Darmstadt
2166:Wuppertal
2116:Battle of
2017:V-weapons
2007:Firestorm
1738:H2S radar
1687:Lancaster
1641:Hurricane
1625:Bellicose
1608:The Hague
1598:Pforzheim
1588:Heilbronn
1541:Campaigns
1469:Overviews
1122:The Hague
516:Wassenaar
426:Wassenaar
368:Melsbroek
328:The Hague
68:The Hague
3464:Tel Aviv
3383:Unalaska
3317:(Taiwan)
3308:Colonies
3277:Toyokawa
3257:Shizuoka
3146:Surabaya
3141:Sukabumi
3125:Shanghai
3087:Mandalay
3024:(Norway)
3016:Helsinki
3012:(Norway)
2998:Budapest
2982:Sarajevo
2929:Plymouth
2889:Greenock
2879:Coventry
2859:Brighton
2770:Ploiești
2708:Nijmegen
2693:Enschede
2572:Grosseto
2557:Frascati
2532:Cagliari
2487:WĂĽrzburg
2382:Mannheim
2307:Hannover
2227:Chemnitz
2187:Augsburg
2141:Duisburg
2136:Dortmund
2118:the Ruhr
2089:Le Havre
1896:See also
1702:Stirling
1697:Mosquito
1667:Blenheim
1660:Aircraft
1633:Chastise
1382:13 March
1324:Archived
1303:13 March
1297:Archived
1248:22 April
1242:Archived
1204:Archived
1178:Archived
1132:13 March
1012:71711568
757:(1978).
432:Response
417:—
372:Brussels
239:dehoused
237:±30,000
213:Mitchell
202:Strength
63:Location
29:Part of
3480:Bahrain
3405:Colombo
3399:Bangkok
3315:Taihoku
3237:Okazaki
3217:Nagaoka
3177:Fukuoka
3120:Nanjing
2944:Swansea
2919:Norwich
2869:Cardiff
2864:Bristol
2844:Belfast
2812:Kingdom
2758:Romania
2739:Frampol
2662:Viterbo
2657:Vicenza
2642:Trieste
2637:Treviso
2607:Pescara
2602:Palermo
2582:Messina
2577:Livorno
2547:Ferrara
2542:Catania
2537:Cassino
2527:Bologna
2437:Rostock
2432:Potsdam
2392:MĂĽnster
2357:Leipzig
2297:Hamburg
2282:Giessen
2252:Dresden
2222:Breslau
2207:Bocholt
2161:Krefeld
2131:Cologne
2108:Germany
2068:Tallinn
2056:Estonia
2035:Denmark
1799:Tactics
1773:Tallboy
1717:Whitley
1707:Ventura
1682:Hampden
1677:Halifax
1603:Dresden
1583:Hamburg
1505:Leaders
590:Gallery
530:at the
391:Germans
360:No. 139
356:No. 137
334:Bombing
215:bombers
3485:Cyprus
3417:Manila
3362:Darwin
3357:Broome
3287:Yawata
3252:Sendai
3247:Rabaul
3232:Numazu
3222:Nagoya
3167:Aomori
3052:Zagreb
3046:Vienna
3028:Prague
3022:Namsos
3004:Dublin
2909:London
2884:Exeter
2810:United
2749:Wieluń
2744:Warsaw
2732:Poland
2652:Verona
2622:Rimini
2592:Naples
2552:Foggia
2512:Ancona
2452:Siegen
2397:Munich
2362:LĂĽbeck
2342:Kassel
2242:Dessau
2217:Bremen
2202:Berlin
2182:Aachen
2126:Bochum
2077:France
1748:"Oboe"
1643:(1944)
1593:Kassel
1408:
1234:
1155:
1068:nos.nl
1010:
1000:
844:nos.nl
727:
528:wreath
470:, the
340:medium
211:&
209:Boston
137:
124:
3495:Malta
3459:Jaffa
3454:Haifa
3262:Tokyo
3242:Osaka
3172:Fukui
3162:Akita
3155:Japan
3103:China
3075:Burma
3040:Sofia
2899:Leeds
2796:Minsk
2786:Gorky
2667:Zadar
2647:Turin
2632:Terni
2597:Padua
2587:Milan
2567:Gorla
2562:Genoa
2500:Italy
2482:Worms
2467:Wesel
2387:Moers
2372:Mainz
2347:Kleve
2302:Hanau
2292:Halle
2257:Emden
2151:Essen
2094:Royan
2063:Narva
2047:Rønne
1845:Units
1753:Gee-H
1733:Chaff
1649:Hydra
1356:4 May
1102:5 May
1074:4 May
1039:5 May
974:5 May
930:4 May
904:5 May
850:6 May
821:4 May
788:4 May
536:Dutch
467:Trouw
376:Vitry
370:near
344:light
312:Dutch
3517:Chad
3449:Acre
3227:Naha
3212:Kure
3207:KĹŤfu
3202:Kobe
3182:Gifu
2970:1944
2965:1941
2894:Hull
2839:Bath
2627:Rome
2612:Pisa
2517:Bari
2327:Jena
2084:Caen
2042:Nexø
1406:ISBN
1384:2012
1358:2023
1305:2012
1275:2013
1250:2021
1232:ISBN
1186:VPRO
1153:ISBN
1134:2012
1104:2023
1076:2023
1041:2023
1008:OCLC
998:ISBN
976:2023
932:2023
906:2023
852:2023
823:2023
790:2023
725:ISBN
518:and
456:The
440:and
374:and
358:and
350:and
342:and
306:The
288:Nazi
55:Date
2462:Ulm
1743:Gee
1212:NOS
395:V-2
292:V-2
207:56
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1350:NU
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