708:, building on E.A. Lowe's division of the script into four characteristic styles of writing - M, M2, a and A - asserts that three of these styles were meant to be read aloud: "Having considered the punctuation and word spacing of the oldest quires, we have found the conventions of M to be consistent with those of late antique (liturgical) books meant for reading aloud by a native speaker of Latin - even if the consistency of the punctuation may leave something to be desired... M2 follows M’s conventions, as did A. The scribe of a, however, does not seem to have meant his texts to be read aloud (or performed) by anyone but himself".
20:
100:"The manuscript is small in format, 180 x 90 mm (130 x 70 mm) with an average of 22 long lines to the page. That is, it is slightly narrower and taller than a modern paperback book. It has the appearance of a chunky (at 300 folios/600 pages) and easily transportable working copy of the crucial mass texts it contains". According to E.A. Lowe: "The Missal proper is written by one hand, designated as
695:
bishop and his clergy. Such a gift... would most likely have been a working copy, designed for constant reference and use". McKitterick also indicated that the additions to the Missal, which occurred at a later time, may have been added by members of the community in which the book was used, for practical purposes. McKitterick agrees with
Mabillon on the origin of the manuscript in
732:
of a
Merovingian clergyman...It seems, therefore, safe to conclude that the Bobbio Missal is indeed a vade mecum of a bishop or even a priest, who offered liturgical services to secular, clerical and monastic communities...its unique and practical selections of prayers and benedictions supports this
727:
Yitzak Hen hypothesizes, along with Lowe, that the Bobbio Missal was created by an individual in his private capacity for practical purposes, and that its small size indicates it traveled with its owner: "Judging from the script and the manuscript layout, it is well justified to describe the Bobbio
694:
suggested that the Missal could have been a gift to a certain priest or bishop, in celebration of his ordination or perhaps a special appointment. She says, "the book itself, therefore, may be witness to a complex web of social and pastoral association, and possibly to the relationship between a
636:
is commemorated as well as the other usual saints, this being a unique occurrence. It also happens in the mass for
Christmas Eve. This special inclusion of Eugenia could be linked to a province or part of Frankia where a cult of Eugenia was prevalent, but Mabillon knew of no such place.
618:
As the Missal does not contain anything about
Columbanus and his disciples, Mabillon guesses that St. Columbanus himself may have been involved with the Missal, placing it in the Celtic tradition - but Mabillon does not elaborate on this. The
723:
history. The somewhat confusing grammatical state of these texts may have been due to the scribe's intention to utilize them as a basis or template for reading aloud, and thus was not designed to have been grammatically accurate.
648:) - that is, a book about Gallican liturgy. He deemed that more correct than calling it a Gallican Liturgy or a Liturgy from Bobbio, both of which titles refer specifically to books containing only liturgy.
672:
in 2001 examines in detail "virtually all of the issues that have swirled around the Bobbio missal". It was published in 2004, and summarizes the history of scholarship on the manuscript in terms of
656:
Many modern scholars consider the Bobbio Missal to be "one of the most intriguing liturgical manuscripts from early medieval
Francia". The most comprehensive study to date is
108:... the pages containing added matter, in two different styles of crude writing, one showing distinct majuscule and the other as distinct minuscule traits, are referred to as
702:
David Ganz reports that the script in the Bobbio Missal is the "earliest true minuscule, a script which allowed scribes to save space without sacrificing legibility".
573:
Mabillon dated the Missal to the late 7th century. As proof, he mentions that the name “Bertulfus” was found in the margin of a leaf. That would refer to the
126:
705:
733:
conclusion. A sacramentary like the Bobbio Missal would have been inadequate for the liturgical celebration in a
Merovingian episcopal church".
537:
736:
A facsimile volume of the Bobbio Missal was produced for the Henry
Bradshaw Society by E. A. Lowe in 1917 and an edition of the text in 1920.
711:
Charles and Roger Wright note that additions were made to the Bobbio Missal - that is, texts were added some time afterward by a subsequent
611:. Mabillon states unequivocally that the Missal could not have originated in Bobbio, as it does not refer to or contain any local saints or
699:
or somewhere in South-East France, around the late 7th/early 8th century, and that it was not designed for use in a monastic community.
504:
tradition. He cited the collections "post nomina", "ad pacem" and the formula of the "Contestatio" as being characteristic of
1046:
1041:
632:
Mabillon notes that in the "Missa Pro
Principe" (Mass for the Prince), after the "Contestatio" in the Canon, the name of the
615:
and his disciples. In addition, the Missal does not contain monastic materials used at that time in Bobbio by the monks.
1031:
30:
991:
1026:
629:, lists the Bobbio Missal in its section entitled "Manuscript sources - Irish (whether insular or continental)".
80:. Its specific authorship and provenance is much disputed, though general agreement points to the valley of the
581:
592:. The penitential is particularly of interest to Mabillon, as it increases our understanding of that era.
174:
104:... the few pages in uncial - the Mass pro principe, written by another hand - are referred to as
519:
169:
621:
604:
183:
691:
719:"De Dies Malus" and an untitled question/answer dialogue primarily regarding biblical and
8:
595:
Mabillon states that it is possible the Missal could have come from, and been in use at,
19:
272:
190:
987:
953:
574:
528:
in the Bobbio Missal were also similar to the
Gallican tradition; this ruled out the
786:
536:
in the Bobbio is
Ambrosian, such as the placement of the scripture readings and the
1036:
510:
1007:
580:
The contents of the Missal listed as collections, readings from the prophets, the
89:
981:
633:
77:
729:
720:
612:
54:
1020:
858:
600:
548:
541:
505:
156:
70:
547:
The content of the Missal do not completely match with the contents of the
142:
62:
50:
973:
681:
677:
657:
626:
589:
563:
66:
58:
596:
85:
525:
46:
977:
673:
661:
163:
983:
The Bobbio Missal: Liturgy and Religious Culture in Merovingian Gaul
668:. This book of collected works by international scholars who met in
666:
The Bobbio Missal: liturgy and religious culture in Merovingian Gaul
540:. distinguishes it from the African tradition (here Mabillon quotes
76:
The Missal is the earliest liturgical manuscript surviving from the
696:
685:
608:
567:
529:
81:
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585:
559:
555:
533:
130:
955:
The Bobbio missal, a Gallican Mass-book (ms. Paris. Lat. 13246)
716:
712:
508:. He also cited similarities between the Bobbio Missal and the
501:
794:
39:
921:
933:
841:
839:
837:
835:
887:
885:
883:
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136:
Pseudo-Augustine's sermon De Dies Malus (later addition)
31:
832:
756:
754:
909:
897:
880:
865:
820:
588:, contestations of the Mass for the whole year and a
766:
751:
603:. This is because the Missal includes the mass for
532:, Ambrosian or Roman traditions. The order of the
38:13246) is a seventh-century Christian liturgical
1018:
570:and even parishes in their liturgy were common.
500:Jean Mabillon believed the Missal to be of the
566:and his reforms. Thus differences between
966:
972:
939:
927:
915:
903:
891:
874:
859:"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: The Celtic Rite"
845:
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814:
772:
760:
18:
784:
640:Mabillon's title for the manuscript is
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16:7th-century Christian liturgical codex
651:
951:
42:that probably originated in France.
1008:Digital Images of the Bobbio Missal
688:and liturgy amongst other aspects.
646:Sacramentary of the Gallican Church
642:Sacramentario de Ecclesia Gallicana
119:
73:between June 4 and June 9 of 1686.
13:
785:Frazier, Alison (September 2005).
447:De Peccatis ad infirmum ducentibus
14:
1058:
1001:
958:. London: Henry Bradshaw Society.
524:. The order of some significant
403:Orationes vespertina et matutina
945:
429:Benedictio hominis cum domo sua
952:Legg, J. Wickham, ed. (1917).
851:
778:
453:De tempore nativitatis Christi
202:In Sollemnitate Sanctae Mariae
92:given as two popular options.
1:
739:
495:
435:De lege ad missam celebrandam
377:Missae cotidianae dominicales
371:Devotiones sive imprecationes
35:
1047:7th-century Frankish writers
1042:7th-century writers in Latin
544:to support his deductions).
441:De septem gradibus ecclesiae
242:Orationes in Vigilio Paschae
88:(Mabillon's suggestion) and
7:
625:(1917) in its entry on the
459:Orationes pro paenitentibus
424:Orationes super paenitentem
348:For the living and the dead
95:
10:
1063:
1032:7th-century books in Latin
554:. Mabillon explains that
744:
577:in the mid 7th century.
390:Exorcismi salis et aquae
252:Ad Christianum faciendum
1027:7th-century manuscripts
273:Inventio Sanctae Crucis
967:Reference bibliography
599:, the location of the
323:Dedication of a Church
232:Lectiones in Parasceue
157:Vigilia natalis Domini
45:The Missal contains a
23:
680:, Latin spelling and
622:Catholic Encyclopedia
521:Lectionary of Luxeuil
197:Cathedra Sancti Petri
22:
940:Hen & Meens 2004
928:Hen & Meens 2004
916:Hen & Meens 2004
904:Hen & Meens 2004
892:Hen & Meens 2004
875:Hen & Meens 2004
846:Hen & Meens 2004
827:Hen & Meens 2004
815:Hen & Meens 2004
787:"Rev of Hen, Meens,
773:Hen & Meens 2004
761:Hen & Meens 2004
692:Rosamond McKitterick
477:Symbolum apostolorum
399:Various Benedictions
382:Depositio sacerdotis
296:St. John the Baptist
129:’ commentary on the
57:material (such as a
930:, pp. 136–139.
558:was not uniform in
489:Orationes ad missam
483:De libris canonicis
471:De omnibus cursibus
465:Benedictiones panis
212:d Aurium Apertionem
179:Sts. Jacob and John
61:). It was found in
942:, pp. 152–53.
652:Modern scholarship
365:Missa Pro Principe
352:In domo cuiuslibet
333:Pro iter agentibus
302:St. Peter and Paul
299:St. John's Passion
184:Circumcisio Domini
175:The Holy Innocents
24:
817:, pp. 22–23.
247:Benedictio Caerei
217:Expositio Symboli
127:Pseudo-Theophilus
27:The Bobbio Missal
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997:
986:. Cambridge UP.
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552:Missale Gothicum
516:Gallicanum Vetus
511:Missale Gothicum
506:Gallican Liturgy
491:(later addition)
485:(later addition)
479:(later addition)
473:(later addition)
467:(later addition)
461:(later addition)
455:(later addition)
449:(later addition)
443:(later addition)
437:(later addition)
431:(later addition)
415:(later addition)
373:(later addition)
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222:Traditio Symboli
133:(later addition)
120:List of contents
65:in Italy by the
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33:
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1010:available from
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575:Abbot of Bobbio
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413:Benedictio olei
408:Exorcismum olei
293:A daily reading
284:Ascensio Domini
262:Vigilia Paschae
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78:medieval period
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715:, notably the
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613:St. Columbanus
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789:Bobbio Missal
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337:For a priest
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305:St. Sigismund
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289:Quinquagesima
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982:
974:Hen, Yitzhak
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899:
853:
822:
810:
798:. Retrieved
788:
780:
775:, p. 1.
768:
763:, p. 4.
735:
728:Missal as a
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710:
704:
701:
690:
665:
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645:
641:
639:
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620:
617:
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579:
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538:Pax Vobiscum
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386:For the Dead
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326:For the sick
314:A Confessor
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63:Bobbio Abbey
51:sacramentary
44:
26:
25:
682:orthography
678:paleography
658:Yitzhak Hen
627:Celtic Rite
590:penitential
564:Charlemagne
518:) and the
419:Penitential
329:St. Michael
227:Cena Domini
170:St. Stephen
67:Benedictine
59:penitential
1021:Categories
978:Meens, Rob
740:References
730:vade mecum
607:, King of
526:feast days
496:Provenance
317:St. Martin
47:lectionary
800:22 August
697:Provençal
674:philology
662:Rob Meens
562:prior to
530:Mozarabic
320:A Virgin
311:A Martyr
191:Epiphania
55:canonical
53:and some
980:(2004).
686:theology
609:Burgundy
597:Besançon
584:and the
582:apostles
568:dioceses
549:Gallican
502:Frankish
360:Apologia
308:Martyrs
279:Litaniae
151:Adventus
96:Contents
86:Besançon
29:(Paris,
1037:Missals
1012:Gallica
670:Utrecht
586:gospels
560:Francia
556:liturgy
534:liturgy
131:Gospels
84:, with
990:
717:sermon
713:scribe
267:Pascha
145:Missae
143:Canon
90:Vienne
795:H-Net
745:Notes
514:(and
82:RhĂ´ne
69:monk
40:codex
988:ISBN
802:2014
660:and
112:and
49:, a
36:lat.
116:".
32:BNF
1023::
976:;
882:^
867:^
834:^
793:.
753:^
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676:,
664:’
106:M2
996:.
861:.
804:.
791:"
644:(
114:a
110:A
102:M
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