421:
165:
77:
35:
267:, was a blind performer in the 6th century BC. The Guilds of Blind Musicians and Fortune-Tellers, which were still around in China during the middle of the 20th century, claimed to have existed as far back as 200 BC. More recently, groups of blind buskers have continued to perform in Zuoquan County, and presumably in other areas as well.
520:, and other musicians traveled around Ireland, providing music for dances and other occasions. As in Ukraine, many of the Irish musicians were blind. It was common practice for blind or disabled children to be taught a musical instrument as a means of supporting themselves, as they could not perform hard labour.
492:
Numerous sources claim that there was an organized large scale massacre of
Ukrainian blind musicians in the 1930s, though this has not been confirmed by official documents, and most details of the incident (including year, place, and method of execution) are disputed. Traditional blind minstrelsy by
458:
was quite popular, and there became a tradition that the great ancient singers were veterans valorously blinded in combat. This in turn led to the belief that the kobzar tradition had greatly weakened in the 19th century, since the traditional songs were now sung by people who were more like beggars
885:
as part of his performance in the preliminaries. Born blind, Tsujii developed his own technique for learning complex classical piano works. With videos of his piano performances widely viewable on the
Internet, Tsujii's competition win has made him an international sensation. As of 2010, Tsujii's
226:
Though the idea of blind musicians may be even more prevalent than their actuality, it remains true that at many points in history and in many different cultures, blind musicians, individually or as a group, have made important contributions to the development of music. Some of these contributions
108:
Historically, many blind musicians, including some of the most famous, have performed without the benefit of formal instruction, since such instruction relies extensively on written musical notation. However, today there are many resources available for blind musicians who wish to learn
Western
843:, was blinded before his first birthday from an eye infection, and went on to become an influential musician in American bluegrass and folk music, known for his proficient flatpicking and fingerpicking skills on guitar as well as his extensive knowledge of traditional American songs.
662:
in 1830. At first Montal's teachers were skeptical, doubting that a blind man could actually perform the necessary mechanical tasks. Montal's skill was undeniable, however, and he was soon asked to teach classes in tuning to his fellow students. Eventually, he also overcame public
691:, and other predominantly African American forms – perhaps because discrimination at the time made it more difficult for black blind people to find other employment. In any case, the achievement of blind African-Americans in music is extensive. The first recorded gospel
155:
Today there are also several organizations devoted to the support of blind musicians. The
National Resource Center for Blind Musicians and The Music Education Network for the Visually Impaired are dedicated to musical education for the blind.
667:, and landed several prestigious jobs as a tuner for professors and professional musicians. Montal's success paved the way for other blind tuners, both in France and in England, where Montal's example and teaching methods were adopted by
897:, a violin maestro who has received some of the highest awards by many musical institutions in India. His musical career spans over six decades and he has travelled to perform in many music festivals all over India and the world.
838:
was a blind Juno Award-winning and Grammy Award-nominated
Canadian blues-rock vocalist and guitarist, who attained musical and personal popularity, particularly in the 1980s and 1990s. The American guitarist and songwriter,
671:. Today the image of the blind piano tuner is so ingrained that people in England sometimes express surprise when they encounter a piano tuner who can see. An organization of blind piano tuners remains active in Britain.
610:(1865-1942) and David A. Liddle (b. 1960), the latter a student of Marchal and who currently enjoys an international performing career. Yet it is a tradition which goes back even further: to 14th-century Italian
459:
than like warriors. Kononenko points out that there is no factual basis for this image, and her research showed that the minstrel tradition was still very strong and creative up until the 1930s.
346:
musicians in
Ukraine were blind. Music was an important part of the culture. Those who could not work at other occupations could be apprenticed to become professional bards, often referred to as
562:
There is a long tradition of blind organists, including Louis
Braille himself. In the 20th century some of the greatest organists were blind, including the great German Bach scholar and teacher
1323:
466:
was language-specific and included themes dealing with historic subjects of
Ukraine's past, the blind singers were often the focus of persecution by occupying powers, according to researcher
1458:
140:
Computer technology and the
Internet make it possible in theory for blind musicians to be more independent in composing and studying music. In practice, however, most programs rely on
903:(28 February 1944 – 9 October 2015) was an Indian blind-born music composer, lyricist and playback singer. He started his career in the early 1970s, composing for hit movies such as
420:
1516:
626:, who lost their sight late in life but presumably continued to play and compose, should be included in this discussion, along with the great American popular organist
417:. By the middle of the 19th century, the two groups had merged; both sang many different types of songs, all were organized into the guilds, and all were blind.
1327:
886:
discography includes ten CDs, some of which have sold over 100,000 copies. As a Van
Cliburn winner, Tsujii has been performing in concerts all over the world.
56:
722:, who is blind from birth, has recorded more than thirty U.S. top ten hits and won twenty-two Grammy Awards (the most ever won by a solo artist in history).
1024:
172:
The image of the blind musician is an important touchstone in many cultures, even where the influence of the blind on music has been limited. The idea of
500:
is performed by sighted, educated performers. During her research in Ukraine, Kononenko found only one blind folk performer of the old songs, a man named
863:
190:
is depicted as being imprisoned after having his eyes gouged out for refusing to convert to Christianity and singing out that he isn't afraid to die.
176:, the blind poet, for example, has had a long existence in Western tradition, even though its basis in truth is uncertain. The legendary 6th century
195:
129:. This system allows the blind to read and write music much as the sighted do. The largest collection of Braille musical scores is located at the
1147:
271:
630:(1920–1998), who likewise lost his sight late in life but continued to present concerts and make sound recordings until his death. Blind composer
467:
1180:
501:
212:
923:(1987). He was awarded the Padma Shri, the fourth-highest civilian award of the Republic of India in 2015 for his contribution to the arts.
287:
207:
he found many stories of blind musicians, but few current musicians who were actually blind. Natalie Kononenko had a similar experience in
1164:
874:
1486:
1348:
306:. The musicians were sometimes known as "blind priests" because they wore robes and shaved their heads, though they were not in fact
43:
527:, composed many tunes that have become part of the traditional repertoire, including "Sidh Beag Sidh MĂłr" and "Carolan's Concerto".
478:. In the late 1930s many bandurists were arrested and some shot. Documents have been discovered to show that the renowned bandurist
263:
Court musician was a traditional profession for the blind in China in antiquity. The first musician mentioned in Chinese sources,
1599:
413:, on the other hand, were blind church singers organized into guilds who sang religious songs and were often associated with
1050:
1205:
1362:
998:
877:. He was also awarded the Beverley Taylor Smith Award for the Best Performance of a New Work. He played all twelve of
1263:
1107:
1079:
659:
1028:
1640:
873:, at age 20, became the first blind pianist to win the top prize at a major international competition, the 13th
590:(b. 1939). England has also produced brilliant blind organists in the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries, including
474:
in the 1930s, when many forms of Ukrainian cultural expression were crushed by the communist government of the
134:
17:
1298:"Piano Tuners, Piano Teachers, History Music British Parts Entertainers Tuning on the UK Piano Page Directory"
543:
679:
Blind musicians have made a significant contribution to American popular music. This is particularly true in
1433:
761:, a sighted jazz guitarist, wanted to choose a black pseudonym for purposes of recording blues records with
1549:
1297:
1574:
862:
accident, is the biggest-selling singer in the history of classical music, with worldwide sales exceeding
360:
players could be referred to by this title). These wandering blind minstrels were divided into two groups—
635:
357:
1145:
148:. There has been some progress in creating screen-reading interfaces for the blind, especially for the
919:(1978). He composed music for many films and TV shows based on Hindu epics, including Ramanand Sagar's
1231:
215:, was in fact blind. The popularity of the idea of the blind musician has inspired several artists.
133:
in Washington, D.C. Outside the U.S., the largest collection of braille music scores is stored at the
1184:
1025:"National Library for the Blind: Braille books & accessible reading for visually impaired people"
937:
762:
539:
454:
were actual witnesses of the great battles about which they sang. The image of warrior-bards singing
1635:
1388:
627:
241:
141:
1414:
599:
591:
391:
were an important part of oral tradition in Ukraine. According to the ethnographer P. Zhytetsky,
48:
535:
623:
531:
1162:
1124:
566:(1907–1991), and a number of prominent French organists and composers for the organ including
274:(Moon Reflected in the Second Spring)", was composed in the first half of the 20th century by
816:
730:
619:
303:
796:
1463:
1275:
878:
859:
738:
642:(1838–1910), the organist at Philadelphia's St. Stephen's Episcopal Church for many years.
603:
8:
1512:
770:
754:
734:
650:
In 19th century France and England, piano tuners were frequently blind. The first blind
639:
583:
547:
264:
258:
216:
130:
125:
alphabet for the blind, also created a system of classical notation for the blind called
1002:
1253:
942:
774:
615:
587:
551:
444:
342:. At least from 1800 to 1930 — and probably well before that as well — the majority of
220:
96:
are singers or instrumentalists, or in some cases singer-accompanists, who are legally
882:
801:
1392:
1342:
1259:
1103:
1075:
894:
791:
786:
777:, known as "Blind Boone", was an important American pianist and composer of ragtime.
766:
611:
517:
164:
149:
1607:
1068:
952:
811:
746:
718:, commonly cited as the greatest jazz pianist of all time, was also almost blind.
631:
114:
1168:
1151:
1054:
1048:
947:
870:
668:
486:
479:
291:
237:
168:
A blind harpist, from a mural of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt, 15th century BC
957:
932:
890:
851:
699:
692:
607:
575:
1209:
1206:"Japanese Traditional Music [ History of Japanese Traditional Music ]"
343:
1629:
1366:
977:
900:
827:
726:
719:
655:
579:
571:
563:
471:
455:
424:
187:
177:
126:
118:
81:
504:, who had studied bandura playing and voice at the Kiev State Conservatory.
806:
725:
However, blind black musicians are still most strongly associated with the
684:
567:
475:
110:
830:
is an American singer, songwriter, and musician. He began his career as a
1550:"Blind Pianist Nobuyuki Tsuji Blazes a New Path in Classical Music - WSJ"
972:
967:
835:
834:
and soul artist, but is most known for his country and pop music career.
750:
742:
707:
651:
595:
405:
400:
381:
324:
players who travelled around the country singing songs and begging alms.
200:
76:
840:
758:
711:
703:
695:
338:
295:
275:
204:
86:
757:. The figure of the blind country bluesman became so iconic that when
715:
664:
524:
451:
443:
have a central place in the national identity of Ukraine. Folklorist
361:
97:
302:, a kind of lute, and recited stories, of which the most famous was
1517:"Classical Business Lessons From 80-Million-Selling Andrea Bocelli"
855:
317:
307:
145:
321:
1418:
962:
513:
448:
414:
396:
371:
353:
333:
180:
122:
1459:"REVIEW: Classical music star Andrea Bocelli at Liverpool arena"
1301:
290:, a form of narrative music, was invented and spread during the
34:
1524:
1389:"Andrea Bocelli is one of the 50 Most Beautiful people of 1998"
831:
376:
366:
348:
332:
There is a long tradition of performance by blind minstrels in
208:
1001:. National Resource Center for Blind Musicians. Archived from
1536:
Andrea Bocelli . . . has sold 80 million albums and counting.
847:
680:
231:
173:
733:, was blind, as were many other country bluesmen, including
223:
has a whole series of paintings devoted to blind musicians.
688:
658:, who taught himself how to tune a piano while studying at
313:
299:
184:
240:
made a science fiction use of the "blind bard" theme in "
858:
and completely lost his sight at the age of 12, after a
780:
638:
in 1918. She studied organ with another blind musician,
582:(1907–1991), as well as one of the current organists at
1487:"Andrea Bocelli Announces November 2010 UK Arena Dates"
710:, one of the most important figures in the creation of
729:. The first successful male country blues performer,
316:
were similar communities of visually impaired female
298:, who were often blind. These musicians played the
431:of the 19th century, with his wife. Like the other
1067:
1505:
523:The most famous of these blind musicians, harper
270:One of the most popular musical works in China, "
1627:
380:, who played the lira, which was a crank-driven
1100:Ukrainian Minstrels: And the blind shall sing..
999:"Quick Facts – Braille Music, Music Technology"
247:
219:painted a 1912 canvas based on this theme, and
211:, though one Turkish musician of great talent,
1415:"Operation Bocelli: the making of a superstar"
507:
230:Blind musicians have also appeared in Muslim
1575:"NOBUYUKI TSUJII - CHOPIN PIANO WORKS (2CD)"
557:
470:. This persecution reached its height under
395:were thought to have been initially sighted
294:(1185–1333) by traveling musicians known as
875:Van Cliburn International Piano Competition
634:(1892–1960) won the Clemson Prize from the
512:During the medieval and early modern eras,
1381:
1276:"History of Piano Tuners by Gill Green MA"
1232:"Irish Dance | The music of Ireland"
1097:
1093:
1091:
822:
674:
496:Today, the traditional repertoire of the
889:One of the prominent blind South Indian
419:
163:
75:
59:of all important aspects of the article.
1246:
1122:
1074:. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
660:L'Institut National des Jeunes Aveugles
618:(1510–1566). One could argue that even
234:to entertain the patron and his wives.
144:, which are difficult for the blind to
14:
1628:
1363:"Blind Willie Dunn and Lonnie Johnson"
1347:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1088:
773:was known for pretending to be blind.
399:, who were especially associated with
55:Please consider expanding the lead to
1547:
1511:
1431:
781:Blind individual musicians in history
645:
493:the late 1930s had largely vanished.
327:
1255:Frances McCollin: Her Life and Music
1065:
614:(?–1397) and Spanish baroque master
28:
1208:. Jtrad.columbia.jp. Archived from
482:was executed in 1938 and the blind
278:, better known as "Blind Ah Bing".
24:
996:
25:
1652:
259:Music Bureau § Music Masters
1365:. Redhotjazz.com. Archived from
33:
1592:
1567:
1541:
1479:
1451:
1425:
1407:
1355:
1316:
1290:
1268:
1224:
1198:
854:, who was born with congenital
47:may be too short to adequately
1548:Chung, Juliet (12 June 2009).
1300:. Uk-piano.org. Archived from
1181:"Making music out of darkness"
1173:
1156:
1139:
1116:
1059:
1042:
1017:
990:
435:of his day, Veresai was blind.
135:National Library for the Blind
57:provide an accessible overview
13:
1:
1521:Hollywood & Entertainment
1434:"Andrea Bocelli in Abu Dhabi"
983:
248:Blind musicians in tradition
103:
7:
1432:Wilks, Jon (2 March 2009).
1098:Kononenko, Natalie (1998).
636:American Guild of Organists
508:Traditional Irish musicians
281:
252:
10:
1657:
765:, he naturally settled on
256:
121:, the man who created the
1123:Natasha (26 April 2001).
1053:24 September 2005 at the
938:The Blind Boys of Alabama
926:
558:Blind organists in Europe
540:William fitz Robert Barry
142:graphical user interfaces
1258:(Scarecrow Press 1990).
917:Ankhiyon Ke Jharokhon Se
550:(fl. 18th century), and
447:argued that the initial
409:. Kononenko states that
242:The Green Hills of Earth
159:
1252:Annette Maria DiMedio,
462:Because the art of the
1641:Disability in the arts
1167:25 August 2005 at the
823:Modern blind musicians
675:American country blues
669:Thomas Rhodes Armitage
624:George Frederic Handel
544:Ruaidri Dáll Ó Catháin
436:
169:
90:
1125:"The Blind Musicians"
1066:Lord, Albert (2000).
731:Blind Lemon Jefferson
702:, was blind, as were
620:Johann Sebastian Bach
423:
304:The Tale of the Heike
257:Further information:
227:are discussed below.
167:
79:
1464:Liverpool Daily Post
1150:16 July 2012 at the
739:Blind Willie Johnson
604:William Wolstenholme
536:Nicholas Dáll Pierce
1421:. 26 February 2003.
1330:on 31 December 2008
1070:The Singer of Tales
771:Bogus Ben Covington
755:Reverend Gary Davis
735:Blind Willie McTell
640:David Duffield Wood
584:Notre Dame de Paris
548:Higgins of Tyrawley
217:John Singer Sargent
152:operating systems.
131:Library of Congress
1187:on 6 December 2004
1005:on 20 October 2008
869:In 2009, Japanese
817:Turlough O’Carolan
797:Antonio de CabezĂłn
775:John William Boone
646:Blind piano tuners
616:Antonio de Cabezon
588:Jean-Pierre Leguay
525:Turlough O'Carolan
489:was shot in 1937.
445:Izmail Sreznevskyi
437:
427:, the most famous
328:Kobzars of Ukraine
221:Georges de La Tour
170:
115:classical notation
91:
1493:. 2 December 2009
1467:. 7 November 2009
1234:. Irelandseye.com
997:Taesch, Richard.
905:Chor Machaye Shor
895:M. Chandrasekaran
864:70 million copies
792:Francesco Landini
767:Blind Willie Dunn
654:is thought to be
612:Francesco Landini
578:(1909–1991), and
532:Eoghain Ó Cianáin
203:explains that in
74:
73:
16:(Redirected from
1648:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1606:. Archived from
1596:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1545:
1539:
1538:
1533:
1531:
1509:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1438:Timeoutdubai.com
1429:
1423:
1422:
1411:
1405:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1374:
1369:on 8 August 2013
1359:
1353:
1352:
1346:
1338:
1336:
1335:
1326:. Archived from
1320:
1314:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1272:
1266:
1250:
1244:
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1241:
1239:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1202:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1192:
1183:. Archived from
1177:
1171:
1160:
1154:
1143:
1137:
1136:
1134:
1132:
1127:. Jssgallery.org
1120:
1114:
1113:
1095:
1086:
1085:
1073:
1063:
1057:
1046:
1040:
1039:
1037:
1036:
1031:on 13 March 2005
1027:. Archived from
1021:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1010:
994:
846:The Italian pop
747:Blind Boy Fuller
632:Frances McCollin
530:Others included
69:
66:
60:
37:
29:
21:
1656:
1655:
1651:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1636:Blind musicians
1626:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1613:
1611:
1610:on 5 March 2012
1598:
1597:
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1583:
1581:
1573:
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1546:
1542:
1529:
1527:
1515:(10 May 2016).
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1456:
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1442:
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1413:
1412:
1408:
1398:
1396:
1393:People Magazine
1387:
1386:
1382:
1372:
1370:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1340:
1339:
1333:
1331:
1324:"Archived copy"
1322:
1321:
1317:
1307:
1305:
1304:on 24 July 2008
1296:
1295:
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1281:
1279:
1274:
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1235:
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1229:
1225:
1215:
1213:
1212:on 16 July 2012
1204:
1203:
1199:
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1188:
1179:
1178:
1174:
1169:Wayback Machine
1161:
1157:
1152:Wayback Machine
1144:
1140:
1130:
1128:
1121:
1117:
1110:
1102:. M.E. Sharpe.
1096:
1089:
1082:
1064:
1060:
1055:Wayback Machine
1047:
1043:
1034:
1032:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1008:
1006:
995:
991:
986:
948:George Shearing
929:
909:Geet Gaata Chal
879:Frédéric Chopin
871:Nobuyuki Tsujii
825:
802:JoaquĂn Rodrigo
783:
677:
648:
560:
552:Martin O'Reilly
510:
487:Ivan Kucherenko
480:Hnat Khotkevych
330:
292:Kamakura period
284:
261:
255:
250:
238:Robert Heinlein
196:Singer of Tales
188:Kian Gwenc'hlan
162:
106:
94:Blind musicians
70:
64:
61:
54:
42:This article's
38:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1654:
1644:
1643:
1638:
1622:
1621:
1600:"Cliburn Live"
1591:
1566:
1554:Online.wsj.com
1540:
1504:
1478:
1450:
1424:
1406:
1380:
1354:
1315:
1289:
1278:. Uk-piano.org
1267:
1245:
1223:
1197:
1172:
1155:
1138:
1115:
1108:
1087:
1080:
1058:
1041:
1016:
988:
987:
985:
982:
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980:
975:
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965:
960:
955:
953:José Feliciano
950:
945:
940:
935:
933:Blessing Offor
928:
925:
852:Andrea Bocelli
824:
821:
820:
819:
814:
812:Irène Fuerison
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
782:
779:
763:Lonnie Johnson
700:Arizona Dranes
698:piano player,
676:
673:
647:
644:
608:Alfred Hollins
576:Gaston Litaize
559:
556:
509:
506:
329:
326:
283:
280:
272:Erquan Yingyue
254:
251:
249:
246:
161:
158:
105:
102:
72:
71:
65:September 2024
51:the key points
41:
39:
32:
18:Blind musician
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1508:
1492:
1491:Allgigs.co.uk
1488:
1482:
1466:
1465:
1460:
1454:
1439:
1435:
1428:
1420:
1417:. Melbourne:
1416:
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1390:
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592:John Stanley
568:Louis Vierne
561:
542:(fl. 1615),
538:(fl. 1601),
534:(fl. 1540),
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193:In his book
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137:in England.
111:music theory
107:
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46:
44:lead section
26:
1604:Cliburn.org
1513:Beech, Mark
1373:4 September
1308:4 September
1282:4 September
1238:4 September
1216:4 September
1131:4 September
973:Roland Kirk
968:Ray Charles
915:(1976) and
836:Jeff Healey
751:Blind Blake
743:Sonny Terry
708:Ray Charles
696:barrelhouse
652:piano tuner
596:John Purkis
382:hurdy-gurdy
370:who played
201:Albert Lord
1630:Categories
1614:28 October
1584:28 October
1579:Amazon.com
1559:28 October
1497:28 October
1471:28 October
1443:28 October
1399:20 January
1334:2008-12-07
1191:2005-06-17
1035:2005-06-17
1009:25 January
984:References
841:Doc Watson
759:Eddie Lang
712:soul music
704:Al Hibbler
693:sanctified
452:bandurists
403:songs, or
362:bandurists
339:Kobzarstvo
296:biwa hoshi
288:Heike Biwa
286:In Japan,
276:Hua Yanjun
205:Yugoslavia
87:Guido Reni
1530:27 August
943:Charlotte
787:Shi Kuang
716:Art Tatum
665:prejudice
344:itinerant
336:known as
310:priests.
265:Shi Kuang
104:Resources
49:summarize
1343:cite web
1165:Archived
1148:Archived
1051:Archived
913:Chitchor
911:(1975),
907:(1974),
891:carnatic
860:football
856:glaucoma
514:harpists
397:Cossacks
318:shamisen
308:Buddhist
282:In Japan
253:In China
146:navigate
1419:The Age
963:Moondog
921:Ramayan
832:R&B
498:kobzars
464:kobzars
449:Cossack
441:kobzars
433:kobzars
415:beggars
411:lirnyks
393:kobzars
389:kobzars
377:lirnyks
372:bandura
367:kobzars
354:bandura
349:kobzars
334:Ukraine
150:Windows
123:braille
1525:Forbes
1395:. 1998
1262:
1106:
1078:
927:Others
706:, and
685:gospel
518:pipers
484:kobzar
429:kobzar
374:, and
352:(both
232:harems
209:Turkey
178:Breton
89:, 1606
958:Lachi
848:tenor
681:blues
456:epics
406:dumas
364:, or
322:kokyū
181:druid
174:Homer
160:Image
98:blind
1616:2016
1586:2016
1561:2016
1532:2020
1499:2016
1473:2016
1445:2016
1401:2008
1375:2013
1349:link
1310:2013
1284:2013
1260:ISBN
1240:2013
1218:2013
1133:2013
1104:ISBN
1076:ISBN
1011:2009
753:and
689:jazz
622:and
439:The
401:epic
387:The
358:lira
356:and
320:and
314:Goze
300:biwa
185:bard
183:and
113:and
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244:".
117:.
85:by
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