519:, described McCulloch and his ranger company as "men in groups with long beards and mustaches, dressed in every variety of garment, with one exception, the slouched hat, the unmistakable uniform of a Texas ranger, and a brace of pistols around their waists, were occupied drying their blankets, cleaning and fixing their guns, and some employed cooking at different fires, while others were grooming their horses. A rougher-looking set we never saw. They were without tents, and a miserable shed afforded them the only shelter. Captain McCulloch introduced us to his officers and many of his men, who appeared orderly and well-mannered people. But from their rough exterior, it was hard to tell who or what they were. Notwithstanding their ferocious and outlaw look, there were among them doctors and lawyers and many a college graduate."
736:, Missouri. "We have an average of only twenty-five rounds of ammunition to the man," McCulloch reported, "and no more to be had short of Fort Smith and Baton Rouge." He did not have a high opinion of Price's Missourians, noting that they were undisciplined, commanded mostly by incompetent and inexperienced politicians, and possessed only a poor mix of weapons and equipment. For some 5,000 of them, their enlistment time was up and they were anxious to go home. Cooperation between the Arkansas and Missouri contingents was feeble, with "little cordiality of feeling between the two armies." His lack of confidence in the Missourians led McCulloch to hesitate when a bold attack might well have destroyed Lyon's smaller force and given Missouri to the Confederacy.
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674:'s commission from Confederate President Jefferson Davis, with the comment that "to Texans, a moment's notice is sufficient when their State demands their service." He was authorized to demand the surrender of all federal military posts in the state. Subsequently, on the morning of February 16, U.S. Army General Twiggs, finding that more than 1,000 Texas troops had surrounded his installations in an orderly manner during the night, turned over to McCulloch all federal property in San Antonio. In return Twigg's troops were to be allowed to leave the state unharmed. On May 11, President Davis appointed McCulloch a brigadier-general.
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accepted the pardon under protest that the members of the Church had committed no crimes other than burning the US Army supply train contracted with Majors & Waddell, on the high plains of
Wyoming. McCulloch in effect ended the Utah War when he changed the tone of the 2-day meeting on the 2nd morning, June 12, 1858, as reported by the New York Herald, 9 August 1858, 8/2-3: "But while a torrent of beastly and disgusting words were issuing from the throat of Snow, Commissioner McCulloch interrupted him with this remark: "....but I tell you sir, the army shall come in, and no power here can prevent it.""
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762:(or Elkhorn Tavern), Arkansas, and on March 7, 1862, after much maneuvering his troops overran a key Union artillery battery. Union resistance stiffened late in the morning, however, and as McCulloch rode forward to scout out enemy positions, he was shot out of the saddle and died instantly. McCulloch always disliked army uniforms and was wearing a black velvet civilian suit and Wellington boots at the time of his death. Credit for the fatal shot was claimed by sharpshooter Peter Pelican of the
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878:. "Ben McCulloch" is sung from the perspective of a foot soldier in McCulloch's infantry, marched from Texas to fight in Missouri and growing to hate both McCulloch and the Civil War. Its chorus and refrain is "Goddamn you, Ben McCulloch / I hate you more than any other man alive // And when you die, you'll be a foot soldier just like me / in the Devil's infantry."
426:. One of the twin sisters was named Eleanor, the other Elizabeth. It is believed he chose to command Elizabeth to honor his dear friend and mentor, David Crockett, whose widow was Elizabeth Crockett. He made deadly use of his cannon against the Mexican positions and received a battlefield commission as
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of
Kentucky). As the Commissioners stated during meetings with Brigham and Church leadership, they had no power to negotiate. The Buchanan pardon was non-negotiable: 1) submit to Federal authority, and 2) allow the army to pass through Salt Lake City and establish a post somewhere in Utah. Brigham
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on
Christmas Day. Crockett's arrival in Nacogdoches was delayed due to hunting between the Bois d'Arc Creek and Choctaw Bayou. By January 5, 1836, Crockett found his way to Nacogdoches. There, Ben McCulloch greeted him after having convinced his brother, Henry McCulloch to return to Tennessee. Ben
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McCulloch was then attached to
Captain William H. Smith's cavalry company, but returned to Tennessee to recruit a company of volunteers to return to Texas. He returned a few months later with a company of thirty volunteers which he had placed under the command of his friend, Robert Crockett, David
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in 1866 at the home of another of her sons, John C. McCulloch, who had been a captain in the
Confederate army. Her remains were exhumed in 1938 by the State of Texas and reinterred beside those of Gen. Ben McCulloch, and a joint monument was erected. Other siblings lived in
430:. For his service (dating before April 18, 1836), McCulloch was issued Texas Bounty Certificate No. 2473 for 320 acres (.5 mi, 1.3 km). In 1839, he also received Donation Certificate No. 776 for 640 acres (1 mi, 2.6 km), for his service at San Jacinto.
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was captured in the same charge, and the
Confederate forces, with no remaining leadership, slowly fell apart and withdrew. Historians generally blame the Confederate disaster at Pea Ridge and the subsequent loss of undefended Arkansas on the death of McCulloch.
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the next year against
Colonel Reuben Ross, resulting in a wound that left his right arm crippled for life. Ben considered the matter closed, but it flared up again the following year, this time involving Henry McCulloch, who killed Ross with a pistol.
543:, he raised a company of Rangers that became Company A of Col. Hays's 1st Regiment of Texas Mounted Volunteers, who were known for their ability to regularly travel 250 miles in ten days or less. He subsequently was named chief of scouts under Gen.
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846:. It is now a public recreation facility of some 200 acres (0.8 km), operated by the County of Hays, and is a popular location for Central Texas family reunions, picnics, and musical festivals.
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administrations. However, conscious of his lack of formal military education, he actually spent much of his term studying military science in libraries in
Washington, D.C. In the aftermath of the
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The McCulloch family, like many on the frontier, moved often by choice or necessity. In the twenty years following their move from North
Carolina and Ben's birth, they lived in eastern Tennessee,
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332:, but Alexander had wasted much of his inheritance and was unable even to educate his sons. (Two of Ben's older brothers had briefly attended a school in Tennessee taught by their neighbor,
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565:.) By this time, McCulloch was fluent in Spanish and his woodsman's skills enabled him to slip back and forth across the lines undetected—more than once penetrating to within a mile of
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In 1834, McCulloch headed west. He reached St. Louis just too late to join the fur trappers headed for the mountains for the season. He then tried to join a freight company heading for
611:, tried to arrange for his appointment to command a frontier army regiment, but his lack of formal education was against him and the appointment never went through. In 1852, President
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McCulloch's body was buried on the field at Pea Ridge, but was subsequently removed with other victims of the battle to a cemetery in Little Rock. He was later reinterred in the
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in
September of that year again captured San Antonio. McCulloch then served as a scout for Captain Hays' Rangers. He and his brother, Henry, subsequently took part in the failed
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as the principal Confederate fortification in the southern section of the Indian Territory, naming it after his late commander. It was built on a bluff on the south bank of the
301:, the French Huguenot settler of Jamestown, Virginia and ancestor of President George Washington, and also had Scots-Irish ancestry. Alexander was also an officer on Brig. Gen.
801:, formed in 1856 and located in the present geographical center of the state, was named for him. He is also one of thirty men inducted into the Texas Ranger Hall of Fame at
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Undated clipping, probably from Dallas Herald, provided by Thomas R. Lindley; Henry McCulloch to Henry McArdle, January 14, 1891, Henry McArdle San Jacinto Notebook, TXSL.
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to investigate lead-mining, but found all the best claims already staked by the large mining companies. In the fall of 1835, he returned to Tennessee to take up farming.
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invaded San Antonio in February 1842, McCulloch was prominent in the fighting that pushed the Mexicans back beyond the Rio Grande. A second Mexican raid led by General
755:, a strategy McCulloch strongly opposed, it was again McCulloch's reconnaissance that contributed most to what little success Van Dorn's plan was able to achieve.
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following its entry into the union. In the spring of 1846, a law was passed appointing him Major-General in command of all Texas militia west of the
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This William H. Smith was captain of 2nd Regiment Texas Volunteers Cavalry Company J, part of Sam Houston's Army at the Battle of San Jacinto.
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On August 10, 1861, McCulloch's troops, though relatively poorly armed, handily defeated the army of Brigadier-General
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campaign), Ben McCulloch—tired of farming and seeking adventure—decided to accompany him, as did his brother
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on page 95, where the men from the Glanton gang are said to be from McCulloch's Rangers: "(...) Tate from
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Several other members of McCulloch's family followed him to Texas, including his mother. She died in
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probably saved Taylor's army from disaster.(how?) After Buena Vista he was promoted to the rank of
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1159:. "Ben McCulloch". A song written from the perspective of a foot soldier in the Texas Infantry.
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subsequently contracted measles and was bedridden for several weeks. Crockett pressed on toward
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House of Representatives in 1839. The campaign was contentious, and McCulloch fought a rifle
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The continuing feud between McCulloch and Price led to the appointment of Major-General
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External Links below) was established near Austin in 1896 as a reunion site for the
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In 1842, McCulloch went back to surveying and intermittent military service. At the
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who had fought with McCulloch's Rangers as had Tobin and others among them (...)".
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to the California gold fields in 1849. While he never struck gold, he was elected
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Confederate States of America military personnel killed in the American Civil War
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1143:. Philadelphia, 1847; Freeport, NY: Books for Libraries Press, 1970 (reprint).
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having declined the appointment. When Van Dorn launched an expedition against
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from the union on February 1, 1861, and on February 14, McCulloch received a
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Retrieved May 15, 2012. In 1837, he was a major in charge of a battalion of
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Shortly after Pea Ridge, Albert Pike, now a brigadier-general, constructed
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and is the last such site still owned by the UCV's descendant group, the
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and both escaped very shortly before most of the Texans were captured at
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A Guide to the Ben and Henry Eustace McCulloch Family Papers, 1798-1961
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When Crockett went to Texas in 1835 (following his defeat in his third
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By 1838, he had taken up the profession of surveying land for the
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McCulloch led his scouting company as mounted infantry at the
19:"Ben McCulloch" redirects here. For the Australian boxer, see
1213:, Center for American History, University of Texas at Austin.
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445:, later joining the Texas Rangers as lieutenant to Captain
449:. He acquired a reputation as an Indian fighter, favoring
366:, but was told they had a full complement. He moved on to
222:(November 11, 1811 – March 7, 1862) was a soldier in the
1122:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1993.
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American military personnel of the Mexican–American War
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On the strength of his new fame, he was elected to the
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Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders.
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The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States
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McCulloch commanded the Confederate right wing at the
347:, and then western Tennessee. They finally settled at
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The Scouting Expeditions of McCulloch's Texas Rangers
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Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1959.
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Account of Ben McCulloch's Peach Creek fight in 1839
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793:(previously the Barker Texas History Center) at the
701:, and Louisiana. He disagreed strongly with General
488:, August 12, 1840, he served as a scout against the
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Retrieved May 15, 2012, which mentions Major Smith.
317:in 1815). His mother was a daughter of a prominent
1150:Philadelphia, 1888; Austin: Steck, 1958 (reprint).
587:At the war's end, McCulloch scouted for Maj. Gen.
410:in its retreat to east Texas. Assigned to Captain
1120:Ben McCulloch and the Frontier Military Tradition
964:List of American Civil War Generals (Confederate)
576:and his expert reconnaissance work preceding the
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1084:. Reprinted Mattituck, NY: J.M. Carroll, 1983.
1076:. New York: The Neale Publishing Company 1911.
709:, but with the assistance of Brigadier-General
1219:Murfreesboro Post site biography of McCulloch.
1125:Gunn, Jack W. "Ben McCulloch: A Big Captain."
1295:Members of the Texas House of Representatives
1233:Camp Ben McCulloch, Hays County, Driftwood TX
1100:. Reprinted Conway, AR: Oldbuck Press, 1993.
909:There is a mention of McCulloch's Rangers in
633:McCulloch was appointed U.S. marshal for the
266:, and a brigadier-general in the army of the
1330:Politicians killed in the American Civil War
1148:The Life and Services of Gen. Ben McCulloch.
1041:Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001.
1016:. U.S. Government Printing Office. p.
637:in 1852, serving throughout the Pierce and
539:. That same year, with the outbreak of the
418:(April 21, 1836), he commanded one of the "
351:, where one of their closest neighbors was
1270:Confederate States Army brigadier generals
1238:Camp Ben McCulloch (map), Hays County TX,
874:wrote a song about McCulloch on his album
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1310:People of Texas in the American Civil War
791:Dolph Briscoe Center for American History
1265:People from Rutherford County, Tennessee
769:McCulloch's next in command, Brig. Gen.
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1320:American people of Scotch-Irish descent
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685:McCulloch was placed in command of the
1285:Army of the Republic of Texas officers
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406:McCulloch joined the Texas army under
297:graduate, was a descendant of Captain
1170:McCulloch Family Tree - Ben McCulloch
906:which was later made into a TV movie.
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844:Sons and Daughters of the Confederacy
336:.) One of Ben's younger brothers was
1300:Members of the Texas Ranger Division
826:National Register of Historic Places
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527:In 1845, McCulloch was elected from
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555:. (His company of scouts included
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386:. They planned to meet Crockett's
355:, a great influence on young Ben.
289:He was born November 11, 1811, in
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1186:Indian Wars and Pioneers of Texas
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1127:Southwestern Historical Quarterly
163:1835–1836; 1840–1845 (Texas Army)
1340:People from Dyersburg, Tennessee
1132:McCulloch, Benjamin, "Memoirs",
996:. See entry on "Fort Fisher" in
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689:. He set up his headquarters at
277:McCulloch was killed during the
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441:in and around the community of
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274:. He owned at least 91 slaves.
1280:People of the Texas Revolution
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998:'The Handbook of Texas Online'
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515:Samuel Reid, a volunteer from
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1350:Deaths by firearm in Arkansas
1345:Military personnel from Texas
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881:He is the main antagonist in
795:University of Texas at Austin
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653:(the other being former Gov.
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120:Confederate States of America
1228:site biography of McCulloch.
1192:, published 1880, hosted by
824:. It was placed on the U.S.
615:promised him command of the
559:, editor of the New Orleans
414:'s artillery company at the
291:Rutherford County, Tennessee
61:Rutherford County, Tennessee
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1194:The Portal to Texas History
983:'San Jacinto Veterans Unit'
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840:United Confederate Veterans
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1134:Missouri Historical Review
898:He is also a character in
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1325:People from Seguin, Texas
1275:American militia generals
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635:Eastern District of Texas
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734:Battle of Wilson's Creek
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1010:Gannett, Henry (1905).
799:McCulloch County, Texas
533:Texas state legislature
447:John Coffee "Jack" Hays
338:Henry Eustace McCulloch
313:(and apparently at the
191:Brigadier General (CSA)
154:Confederate States Army
77:Benton County, Arkansas
1305:United States Marshals
822:Bryan County, Oklahoma
820:and is now located in
764:36th Illinois Infantry
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628:Albert Sidney Johnston
557:George Wilkins Kendall
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1226:National Park Service
1146:Rose, Victor Marion.
1033:Eicher, John H., and
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578:Battle of Buena Vista
512:, December 25, 1842.
416:Battle of San Jacinto
315:Battle of New Orleans
160:Years of service
21:Ben McCulloch (boxer)
1217:murfreesboropost.com
783:Texas State Cemetery
743:to overall command,
584:of U.S. Volunteers.
502:Somervell expedition
486:Battle of Plum Creek
403:had already fallen.
309:of 1813 and 1814 in
305:'s staff during the
252:Mexican–American War
205:Mexican–American War
900:Janice Woods Windle
760:Battle of Pea Ridge
626:gave it instead to
617:U.S. Second Cavalry
574:Battle of Monterrey
547:, with the rank of
330:American Revolution
279:Battle of Pea Ridge
16:American politician
1199:Benjamin McCulloch
1175:2022-03-31 at the
1118:Cutrer, Thomas W.
988:2017-07-09 at the
866:In popular culture
832:Camp Ben McCulloch
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681:Benjamin McCulloch
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461:to the regulation
272:American Civil War
268:Confederate States
244:United States Army
220:Benjamin McCulloch
209:American Civil War
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42:Benjamin McCulloch
30:Benjamin McCulloch
1204:Handbook of Texas
1070:Wright, Marcus J.
1064:978-0-8071-0823-9
1047:978-0-8047-3641-1
771:James M. McIntosh
662:Civil War service
655:Lazarus W. Powell
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474:Republic of Texas
439:Republic of Texas
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260:Sacramento County
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197:Battles/wars
178:(Texas Army)
72:(1862-03-07)
1260:1862 deaths
1255:1811 births
1240:Google Maps
872:Steve Earle
803:Fort Fisher
711:Albert Pike
691:Little Rock
609:U.S. Senate
506:Ciudad Mier
498:Adrian Woll
408:Sam Houston
397:San Antonio
392:Nacogdoches
364:muleskinner
334:Sam Houston
328:before the
303:John Coffee
270:during the
1249:Categories
1028:References
904:True Women
893:" (2011).
818:Blue River
745:Henry Heth
601:Sacramento
567:Santa Anna
510:Tamaulipas
424:Cincinnati
285:Early life
96:Allegiance
54:1811-11-11
1201:from the
1082:795106013
828:in 1971.
753:St. Louis
725:nations.
517:Louisiana
490:Comanches
368:Wisconsin
349:Dyersburg
319:Virginian
307:Creek War
262:, a U.S.
1173:Archived
1106:29443870
1090:10362155
986:Archived
928:See also
921:Kentucky
856:Gonzales
715:Cherokee
707:Missouri
699:Arkansas
643:Utah War
639:Buchanan
562:Picayune
451:shotguns
360:Santa Fe
126:Service/
1223:nps.gov
889:at the
858:and in
732:at the
719:Choctaw
672:colonel
668:seceded
597:sheriff
467:carbine
455:pistols
345:Alabama
322:planter
311:Alabama
264:marshal
256:sheriff
242:in the
236:militia
1206:Online
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787:Austin
721:, and
666:Texas
619:, but
553:Mexico
457:, and
443:Seguin
151:
128:branch
117:
105:
1184:from
970:Notes
891:Alamo
723:Creek
582:major
549:major
463:saber
401:Alamo
362:as a
240:major
139:Texas
1102:OCLC
1094:ISBN
1086:OCLC
1078:OCLC
1060:ISBN
1043:ISBN
807:Waco
747:and
651:Utah
593:rush
478:duel
465:and
230:, a
226:, a
172:Rank
67:Died
48:Born
1188:by
1018:193
913:'s
902:'s
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836:see
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