228:
certain of such persons, causing the deaths of Keith Meyer (a
British national), Anna Kis, Sara Kohn (both Hungarian nationals), Heimech Glinovjechy and Maria Konatkevicz (both Polish nationals) and Marcel Freson de Montigny (a French national), Maurice Van Eijnsbergen (a Dutch national), Maurice Van Mevlenaar (a Belgian national), Jan Markowski and Georgej Ferenz (both Polish nationals), Salvatore Verdura (an Italian national), and Therese Klee (a British national of Honduras), Allied nationals, and other Allied nationals whose names are unknown, and physical suffering to other persons interned there, Allied nationals and particularly to Harold Osmund le Druillenec (a British national), Benec Zuchermann, a female internee surnamed Korperova, a female internee named Hoffmann, Luba Rormann, Isa Frydmann (all Polish nationals) and Alexandra Siwidowa, a Russian national and other Allied nationals whose names are unknown.
236:...at Auschwitz, Poland, between 1st October, 1942,and 30th April, 1945, when members of the staff of Auschwitz Concentration Camp responsible for the well-being of the persons interned there, in violation of the law and usages of war, were together concerned as parties to ill-treatment of certain of such persons, causing the deaths of Rachella Silberstein (a Polish national), Allied nationals, and other Allied nationals whose names are unknown, and physical suffering to other persons interned there, Allied nationals, and particularly to Ewa Gryka and Hanka Rosenwayg (both Polish nationals) and other Allied nationals whose names are unknown.
285:, was sentenced to life in prison, but was then executed 13 days later. Zoddel had been sentenced to death in a separate military trial in August 1945 for murdering a female prisoner after the liberation. None of the sentenced were only found guilty of the "conspiracy" of working within the concentration camp system, but rather all of them were sentenced for individually committed crimes. 14 defendants were acquitted (the final defendant was too sick to stand trial). Due to clemency pleas and appeals, many prison sentences were eventually shortened considerably. By mid-1955, all those sentenced to prison had been released.
168:, a form of civilian employee. One prisoner functionary, Ladisław Gura, who was also an SS member under arrest, was found to be too ill to stand trial after the trial had started. Three others had been excluded from the list of indicted for the same reason before the trial began. Three SS members had been shot trying to escape after the British took over the camp and one had committed suicide. Out of a total of 77 SS men and women arrested by the British in April, another 17 had died of typhus by 1 June 1945.
775:
murder at
Auschwitz Birkenau received a public airing, with some of those responsible describing the selection process, the use of the gas chambers and the crematoria. In Great Britain, the trial was mostly viewed positively, as a triumph of the rule of law, given the fairness and meticulousness with which it had been conducted. However, in some other countries, notably the Soviet Union and France, the verdicts were criticised as too mild. Many survivors also felt this way.
268:
the SS guards who had fled the camp after the ceasefire on 13 April had been searched for. Instead of eyewitness testimony, in some cases only affidavits were available at the trial. Some witnesses contradicted themselves on cross-examination, while others failed to identify the defendants as the perpetrators of the crimes in question. One former inmate, Oskar
Schmitz, was erroneously charged as an SS man, and had no chance to clarify this before the trial began.
299:
111:
96:
631:
33:
191:(head warden or supervising wardress) at Auschwitz before she came to Belsen. Many of the defendants had arrived in Bergen-Belsen only after February 1945, some as late as two days before liberation. However, most had been active in similar functions in other concentration camps before that. The trial took place before a
227:
At Bergen-Belsen, Germany, between 1st
October, 1942, and 30th April, 1945, when members of the staff of Bergen-Belsen Concentration Camp responsible for the well-being of the persons interned there, in violation of the law and usages of war, were together concerned as parties to the ill-treatment of
897:
The
British held a third Belsen trial in April 1948. There was only one defendant, Ernst Julius Curt Meyer. Meyer had been arrested in May 1945, but was erroneously released in September 1947. He was re-arrested in February 1948. Meyer was found guilty of war crimes for non-fatal abuse and sentenced
271:
The defence claimed that the arrest of the defendants had been illegal, as it contravened the promise of free withdrawal contained in the ceasefire agreement. However, the wording on this point was only clear for members of the
Wehrmacht at Belsen. Moreover, according to the prosecution, the burning
267:
Since the trial was conducted in
English, translations into German and Polish were necessary. This was one of the factors which prolonged the trial, which had initially been expected to last for two to four weeks. In retrospect, the prosecution has been criticised as hasty and ill-prepared. None of
774:
Through them, the world learned not just about the thousands of deaths by hunger and disease at Belsen, communicated especially forcefully by the film and photo evidence produced by the
British Army. Possibly even more importantly, the Belsen trial also was the first time that the organised mass
263:
On 20 September, the
British Army screened a film they had made of the conditions at Belsen immediately after liberation. On 21 September, the court visited Bergen-Belsen. Evidence for the defence began on 8 October with the opening speech for the defendant, Kramer, who also testified. Closing
210:
of 14 June 1945. All the charges related to international law, which applied at the time the crimes were committed, so this was not a case of retroactive justice. Due to the nature of the court, the only charges that could be brought were war crimes and crimes against citizens of the Allied
249:
276:
SS guard personnel will be treated as PW. SS Adj personnel will remain at their posts and carry on with their duties (cooking, supplies, etc) and will hand over records. When their services can be dispensed with, their disposal is left by the
Wehrmacht to the British
80:
The first trial generated considerable interest around the world, as the public heard for the first time from some of those responsible for the mass murder in the eastern extermination camps. Some later trials are also referred to as Belsen trials.
161:
had been camp commandant at Bergen-Belsen and before that at Auschwitz. Of the other defendants, 12 were kapos, 16 female SS members and 16 male SS members. Although the SS was an all-male organisation, women were able to enlist as members of the
1442:
199:(presiding), Brigadier A. de L. Casonove, Colonel G.J. Richards, Lt.-Colonel R.B. Moriush and Lt.-Colonel R. McLay. C.L. Stirling was Judge Advocate. Colonel T.M. Backhouse, Major H.G. Murton-Neale, Capt. S.M. Stewart and Lt.-Col.
771:
The Belsen Trial attracted substantial national and international media interest. Significantly, more than 100 representatives of the news media reported at length on the trial's progress.
1300:
Verbrechen als 'PflichterfĂĽllung'? Die Strafverfolgung nationalsozialistischer Gewaltverbrechen am Beispiel des Konzentrationslagers Bergen-Belsen, in: Die frĂĽhen Nachkriegsprozesse
1214:
Verbrechen als 'PflichterfĂĽllung'? Die Strafverfolgung nationalsozialistischer Gewaltverbrechen am Beispiel des Konzentrationslagers Bergen-Belsen, in: Die frĂĽhen Nachkriegsprozesse
1043:
Verbrechen als 'PflichterfĂĽllung'? Die Strafverfolgung nationalsozialistischer Gewaltverbrechen am Beispiel des Konzentrationslagers Bergen-Belsen, in: Die frĂĽhen Nachkriegsprozesse
203:
were Counsel for the Prosecution. Counsel for the Defence were also members of the British Army — in the case of the five Polish defendants a Polish officer, Lt. Jedrezejowicz.
281:
On 17 November, the court sentenced 11 of the defendants to death by hanging. Another 18 were found guilty and sentenced to prison sentences of one to 15 years. One defendant,
264:
speeches were made from 7–12 November, followed by the closing arguments by the prosecution on 13 November. Sentencing took place four days later, on 17 November 1945.
622:
Not able to stand trial due to illness: Nikolaus Jänner, Paul Steinmetz, Walter Melcher, Ladisław Gura (who was both an SS member and a prison functionary).
272:
of the camp files by the SS and the firing of shots on 15 April had voided the agreement. In fact, the relevant section of the ceasefire agreement read:
682:
1254:
Bergen-Belsen: Wehrmacht POW Camp 1940-1945, Concentration Camp 1943-1945, Displaced Persons Camp 1945-1950. Catalogue of the permanent exhibition
1093:
1370:
1323:
256:
The trial lasted 54 days in court. It began on 17 September with the indictment and the opening speech for the prosecution. Brigadier
305:
surrounded by bodies. The British Army liberating Bergen-Belsen forced German camp personnel to bury the corpses of prisoners.
1261:
976:
164:
898:
to life in prison. His sentence was reduced to 21 years in 1950, and he was released from prison on 24 December 1954.
77:
as well as prisoner functionaries who had worked at various concentration camps, notably Auschwitz and Bergen-Belsen.
1307:
1221:
1157:
1132:
1050:
1022:
1176:
118:
154:
17:
931:
176:
1069:
992:
912:
1070:"Transcript of the Official Shorthand Notes of 'The Trial of Josef Kramer and Forty Four Others, Day 1'"
993:"Transcript of the Official Shorthand Notes of 'The Trial of Josef Kramer and Forty Four Others', day 2"
799:
A second Belsen trial was conducted at LĂĽneburg from 13 to 18 June 1946 by a British military tribunal.
1396:
1349:
257:
1101:
1502:
1467:
1417:
1277:
150:
141:
90:
223:
The official charges were grouped into crimes committed at Auschwitz and Belsen and were as follows:
1507:
1374:
1327:
1177:"Transcript of the Official Shorthand Notes of 'The Trial of Josef Kramer and Forty Four Others'"
45:
932:"Transcript of the Official Shorthand Notes of 'The Trial of Josef Kramer and Forty Four Others"
907:
196:
400:
1497:
211:
countries. "Crimes against humanity" and "crimes against peace", which featured in the later
56:. British Army and civilian personnel ran the trials and staffed the prosecution and judges.
422:
345:
184:
146:
8:
1150:
Distance from the Belsen Heap: Allied Forces and the Liberation of a Concentration Camp
881:
788:
334:
172:
1303:
1257:
1217:
1153:
1128:
1046:
1018:
972:
813:
378:
367:
212:
356:
180:
114:
784:
192:
32:
1491:
863:
490:
433:
136:
73:
661:
Life imprisonment, but executed for an unrelated charge on 30 November 1945
655:
634:
460:
389:
323:
282:
158:
125:
99:
64:
53:
49:
1017:. Bibliotheks- und Informationssystem der Univ. Oldenburg. pp. 112–.
1239:
Bergen-Belsen. Vom 'Aufenthaltslager' zum Konzentrationslager 1943 – 1945
1199:
Bergen-Belsen. Vom 'Aufenthaltslager' zum Konzentrationslager 1943 – 1945
641:(A=guilty of crimes at Auschwitz, B = guilty of crimes at Bergen-Belsen)
479:
309:(A=guilty of crimes at Auschwitz, B = guilty of crimes at Bergen-Belsen)
302:
129:
60:
1127:. Bibliotheks- und Informationssystem der Univ. Oldenburg. p. 54.
411:
106:
at Belsen before being removed to the POW cage at Celle, 17 April 1945.
36:
Place of the Belsen trial: old MTV gymnasium, LindenstraĂźe 30, LĂĽneburg
783:
All the executions were carried out on 13 December 1945 by hanging at
252:
Interior shot of the court room ten days before the start of the trial
298:
103:
132:
gymnasium on 17 September 1945, within the British occupation zone.
208:
Regulations for the Trial of War Criminals made under Royal Warrant
200:
1064:
1062:
110:
68:
630:
1443:"The British Hangman Who Executed Belsen's Most Sadistic Nazis"
1059:
260:
was the first witness for the prosecution on 18–19 September.
924:
248:
95:
858:
15 years, reduced to 10 years, released on 21 December 1951
677:
15 years, reduced to 10 years, released on 26 February 1952
1422:
Stalag XIC (311) and KZ Bergen-Belsen, A History From 1935
1216:. KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme (ed.), Bremen. pp. 42–.
206:
As this was a military court, it was legally based on the
1302:. KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme (ed.), Bremen. p. 41.
1171:
1169:
1045:. KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme (ed.), Bremen. p. 40.
48:
conducted against former officials and functionaries of
1245:
971:. Stiftung niedersächsische Gedenkstätten. p. 37.
637:
in Allied custody after the liberation of Bergen-Belsen
71:, in 1945 and the defendants were men and women of the
466:
15 years, reduced to 12 years, released on 7 May 1953
288:
171:
Next to Kramer, the most high-profile defendants were
1166:
985:
712:
10 years, committed suicide in prison on 10 May 1946
1088:
1086:
1468:"HauptsturmfĂĽhrer Ernst Julius Kurt/Curt Max Meyer"
962:
960:
958:
956:
954:
952:
950:
948:
1083:
195:military tribunal. The judges were Major-General
1489:
1389:
945:
1316:
969:Bergen-Belsen: Historical Site and Memorial
240:All of the defendants pleaded not guilty.
215:, were not among the charges at LĂĽneburg.
1410:
1147:
1036:
1034:
44:were a series of several trials that the
1152:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
629:
297:
247:
243:
109:
94:
31:
27:Allied trial of Nazis after World War II
1291:
1205:
1006:
850:20 years, released on 24 December 1954
504:10 years, released on 21 December 1951
496:10 years, released on 21 December 1951
485:10 years, released on 21 December 1951
474:10 years, released on 21 December 1951
455:15 years, released on 3 September 1950
14:
1490:
1418:"First Belsen Trial Kapo Erich Zoddel"
1270:
1230:
1190:
1116:
1031:
528:3 years, released on 16 November 1948
1297:
1251:
1211:
1122:
1040:
1012:
966:
760:Unable to stand trial (accused of B)
536:1 year, released on 16 November 1946
128:and 44 others", the trial began in a
1236:
1196:
720:5 years, released on 11 August 1949
696:10 years, released on 20 March 1952
520:5 years, released on 11 August 1949
512:10 years, released on 21 April 1951
439:Death, executed on 13 December 1945
428:Death, executed on 13 December 1945
417:Death, executed on 13 December 1945
406:Death, executed on 13 December 1945
395:Death, executed on 13 December 1945
384:Death, executed on 13 December 1945
373:Death, executed on 13 December 1945
362:Death, executed on 13 December 1945
351:Death, executed on 13 December 1945
340:Death, executed on 13 December 1945
329:Death, executed on 13 December 1945
842:Death, executed on 11 October 1946
834:Death, executed on 11 October 1946
826:Death, executed on 11 October 1946
818:Death, executed on 11 October 1946
704:10 years, released on 15 July 1950
688:10 years, released on 15 July 1950
669:15 years, released on 24 June 1955
289:Individual defendants and sentences
24:
886:2 years, released on 16 June 1946
766:
25:
1519:
447:15 years, released on 7 May 1955
1298:Wenck, Alexandra-Eileen (1997).
1212:Wenck, Alexandra-Eileen (1997).
1094:"Excerpts from The Belsen Trial"
1041:Wenck, Alexandra-Eileen (1997).
124:Officially called the "Trial of
59:The Belsen trials took place in
1460:
1435:
1371:"Trial Transcript - Sentencing"
1363:
1342:
1324:"Trial Transcript - Sentencing"
794:
1141:
892:
135:The defendants were 45 former
84:
13:
1:
918:
876:12 years, reduced to 7 years
868:15 years, reduced to 7 years
778:
155:Auschwitz concentration camps
7:
913:Subsequent Nuremberg Trials
901:
752:Acquitted (charged with B)
744:Acquitted (charged with B)
736:Acquitted (charged with B)
728:Acquitted (charged with B)
10:
1524:
1256:. Wallstein. p. 257.
1252:Knoch, Habbo, ed. (2010).
1241:. Göttingen. pp. 54–.
1201:. Göttingen. pp. 58–.
967:Knoch, Habbo, ed. (2010).
807:
804:
649:
646:
317:
314:
218:
183:, deputy camp commandant.
88:
791:, aided by an assistant.
709:Stanisława Starostka (A)
91:Belsen concentration camp
1148:Celinscak, Mark (2015).
666:Wladisław Ostrowski (B)
46:Allied occupation forces
1237:Kolb, Eberhard (1996).
1197:Kolb, Eberhard (1996).
1123:Taake, Claudia (1998).
1013:Taake, Claudia (1998).
452:Heinrich Schreirer (A)
1472:www.bergenbelsen.co.uk
908:Allied Control Council
823:Heinz-ZĂĽder Heidemann
787:. The executioner was
638:
306:
279:
253:
238:
230:
147:prisoner functionaries
121:
107:
37:
1125:SS-Frauen vor Gericht
1015:SS-Frauen vor Gericht
717:Medislaw Burgraf (B)
633:
301:
294:List of SS-defendants
274:
251:
244:Overview of the trial
234:
225:
197:H.M.P. Berney-Ficklin
113:
98:
35:
533:Hilde Lisiewicz (B)
423:Elisabeth Volkenrath
185:Elisabeth Volkenrath
1397:"List of Sentences"
1377:on 23 December 2014
1350:"List of Sentences"
1330:on 23 December 2014
741:Ignatz Schlomowicz
693:Antoni Aurdzig (B)
213:trials at Nuremberg
1098:The Nizkor Project
882:Anneliese Kohlmann
839:Kasimir Cegielski
789:Albert Pierrepoint
674:Helena Kopper (B)
639:
525:Frieda Walter (B)
517:Gertrud Feist (B)
501:Gertrud Sauer (B)
307:
254:
122:
108:
102:, photographed in
38:
1263:978-3-8353-0794-0
978:978-3-9811617-9-3
890:
889:
814:Walter Quakernack
764:
763:
701:Johanne Roth (B)
620:
619:
613:Hildegard Hähnel
565:Karl Egersdörfer
471:Ilse Förster (B)
444:Otto Kulessa (B)
346:Peter Weingärtner
52:after the end of
16:(Redirected from
1515:
1503:Holocaust trials
1483:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1439:
1433:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1414:
1408:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1393:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1373:. Archived from
1367:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1346:
1340:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1326:. Archived from
1320:
1314:
1313:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1234:
1228:
1227:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1194:
1188:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1173:
1164:
1163:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1120:
1114:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1104:on 24 April 2016
1100:. Archived from
1090:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1066:
1057:
1056:
1038:
1029:
1028:
1010:
1004:
1003:
1001:
999:
989:
983:
982:
964:
943:
942:
940:
938:
928:
802:
801:
644:
643:
605:Charlotte Klein
509:Anna Hempel (B)
392:(or Stärfl) (B)
312:
311:
21:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1517:
1516:
1514:
1513:
1512:
1508:1945 in Germany
1488:
1487:
1486:
1476:
1474:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1451:
1449:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1426:
1424:
1416:
1415:
1411:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1394:
1390:
1380:
1378:
1369:
1368:
1364:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1347:
1343:
1333:
1331:
1322:
1321:
1317:
1310:
1296:
1292:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1264:
1250:
1246:
1235:
1231:
1224:
1210:
1206:
1195:
1191:
1181:
1179:
1175:
1174:
1167:
1160:
1146:
1142:
1135:
1121:
1117:
1107:
1105:
1092:
1091:
1084:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1067:
1060:
1053:
1039:
1032:
1025:
1011:
1007:
997:
995:
991:
990:
986:
979:
965:
946:
936:
934:
930:
929:
925:
921:
904:
895:
847:Theodor Wagner
797:
781:
769:
767:Public reaction
749:Anton Polanski
434:Johanna Bormann
291:
246:
221:
179:at Belsen, and
175:, who had been
139:men, women and
93:
87:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1521:
1511:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1485:
1484:
1459:
1434:
1409:
1388:
1362:
1341:
1315:
1308:
1290:
1278:"Erich Zoddel"
1269:
1262:
1244:
1229:
1222:
1204:
1189:
1165:
1158:
1140:
1133:
1115:
1082:
1058:
1051:
1030:
1023:
1005:
984:
977:
944:
922:
920:
917:
916:
915:
910:
903:
900:
894:
891:
888:
887:
884:
878:
877:
874:
870:
869:
866:
860:
859:
856:
852:
851:
848:
844:
843:
840:
836:
835:
832:
831:Karl Redehase
828:
827:
824:
820:
819:
816:
810:
809:
806:
796:
793:
785:Hamelin Prison
780:
777:
768:
765:
762:
761:
758:
757:Ladisław Gura
754:
753:
750:
746:
745:
742:
738:
737:
734:
733:Oskar Schmitz
730:
729:
726:
722:
721:
718:
714:
713:
710:
706:
705:
702:
698:
697:
694:
690:
689:
686:
683:Hilde Lohbauer
679:
678:
675:
671:
670:
667:
663:
662:
659:
652:
651:
648:
618:
617:
614:
610:
609:
606:
602:
601:
598:
594:
593:
590:
586:
585:
582:
578:
577:
574:
570:
569:
566:
562:
561:
558:
554:
553:
550:
549:Josef Klippel
546:
545:
542:
538:
537:
534:
530:
529:
526:
522:
521:
518:
514:
513:
510:
506:
505:
502:
498:
497:
494:
487:
486:
483:
476:
475:
472:
468:
467:
464:
457:
456:
453:
449:
448:
445:
441:
440:
437:
430:
429:
426:
419:
418:
415:
408:
407:
404:
397:
396:
393:
386:
385:
382:
375:
374:
371:
364:
363:
360:
353:
352:
349:
342:
341:
338:
331:
330:
327:
320:
319:
316:
290:
287:
245:
242:
220:
217:
189:Oberaufseherin
89:Main article:
86:
83:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1520:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1473:
1469:
1463:
1448:
1444:
1438:
1423:
1419:
1413:
1398:
1392:
1376:
1372:
1366:
1351:
1345:
1329:
1325:
1319:
1311:
1309:3-86108-322-1
1305:
1301:
1294:
1279:
1273:
1265:
1259:
1255:
1248:
1240:
1233:
1225:
1223:3-86108-322-1
1219:
1215:
1208:
1200:
1193:
1178:
1172:
1170:
1161:
1159:9781442615700
1155:
1151:
1144:
1136:
1134:3-8142-0640-1
1130:
1126:
1119:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1089:
1087:
1071:
1065:
1063:
1054:
1052:3-86108-322-1
1048:
1044:
1037:
1035:
1026:
1024:3-8142-0640-1
1020:
1016:
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994:
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980:
974:
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933:
927:
923:
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906:
905:
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883:
880:
879:
875:
873:Martha Linke
872:
871:
867:
865:
864:Gertrud Heise
862:
861:
857:
855:Karl Schmidt
854:
853:
849:
846:
845:
841:
838:
837:
833:
830:
829:
825:
822:
821:
817:
815:
812:
811:
803:
800:
792:
790:
786:
776:
772:
759:
756:
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751:
748:
747:
743:
740:
739:
735:
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731:
727:
724:
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708:
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703:
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673:
672:
668:
665:
664:
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657:
654:
653:
645:
642:
636:
632:
628:
627:
626:List of Kapos
623:
615:
612:
611:
607:
604:
603:
599:
596:
595:
591:
588:
587:
583:
581:Erich Barsch
580:
579:
575:
572:
571:
567:
564:
563:
559:
557:Fritz Mathes
556:
555:
551:
548:
547:
543:
541:Georg Krafft
540:
539:
535:
532:
531:
527:
524:
523:
519:
516:
515:
511:
508:
507:
503:
500:
499:
495:
492:
491:Irene Haschke
489:
488:
484:
481:
478:
477:
473:
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454:
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402:
399:
398:
394:
391:
388:
387:
383:
380:
379:Ansgar Pichen
377:
376:
372:
369:
368:Karl Franzioh
366:
365:
361:
358:
357:Franz Hössler
355:
354:
350:
347:
344:
343:
339:
336:
333:
332:
328:
325:
322:
321:
313:
310:
304:
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296:
295:
286:
284:
278:
273:
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241:
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229:
224:
216:
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202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
181:Franz Hössler
178:
174:
169:
167:
166:
160:
156:
152:
151:Bergen-Belsen
148:
144:
143:
138:
133:
131:
127:
120:
119:Bergen-Belsen
116:
115:Franz Hössler
112:
105:
101:
97:
92:
82:
78:
76:
75:
74:Schutzstaffel
70:
66:
62:
57:
55:
51:
47:
43:
42:Belsen trials
34:
30:
19:
1498:Belsen trial
1475:. Retrieved
1471:
1462:
1450:. Retrieved
1446:
1437:
1425:. Retrieved
1421:
1412:
1400:. Retrieved
1391:
1379:. Retrieved
1375:the original
1365:
1353:. Retrieved
1344:
1332:. Retrieved
1328:the original
1318:
1299:
1293:
1281:. Retrieved
1272:
1253:
1247:
1238:
1232:
1213:
1207:
1198:
1192:
1180:. Retrieved
1149:
1143:
1124:
1118:
1106:. Retrieved
1102:the original
1097:
1073:. Retrieved
1042:
1014:
1008:
996:. Retrieved
987:
968:
935:. Retrieved
926:
896:
798:
795:Second trial
782:
773:
770:
656:Erich Zoddel
640:
635:Erich Zoddel
625:
624:
621:
597:Klara Opitz
589:Ida Förster
573:Walter Otto
461:Herta Ehlert
401:Wilhelm Dörr
390:Franz Stofel
324:Josef Kramer
308:
293:
292:
283:Erich Zoddel
280:
277:authorities.
275:
270:
266:
262:
255:
239:
235:
231:
226:
222:
207:
205:
188:
170:
163:
159:Josef Kramer
140:
134:
126:Josef Kramer
123:
100:Josef Kramer
79:
72:
65:Lower Saxony
58:
54:World War II
50:Nazi Germany
41:
39:
29:
18:Belsen trial
1427:17 December
1402:29 December
1381:29 December
1355:29 December
1334:29 December
1283:29 December
893:Third trial
725:Ilse Lothe
480:Herta Bothe
335:Fritz Klein
303:Fritz Klein
258:Glyn Hughes
177:camp doctor
173:Fritz Klein
149:) from the
85:First trial
1492:Categories
1452:14 January
919:References
779:Executions
616:Acquitted
608:Acquitted
600:Acquitted
592:Acquitted
584:Acquitted
576:Acquitted
568:Acquitted
560:Acquitted
552:Acquitted
544:Acquitted
412:Irma Grese
165:SS-Gefolge
808:Sentence
650:Sentence
318:Sentence
201:L.J. Genn
187:had been
104:leg irons
902:See also
130:LĂĽneburg
61:LĂĽneburg
1477:22 July
1447:Haaretz
685:(A, B)
425:(A, B)
414:(A, B)
348:(A, B)
337:(A, B)
326:(A, B)
219:Charges
193:British
69:Germany
1306:
1260:
1220:
1182:24 May
1156:
1131:
1108:24 May
1075:24 May
1049:
1021:
998:24 May
975:
937:24 May
805:Name
647:Name
315:Name
142:kapos
1479:2022
1454:2024
1429:2011
1404:2012
1383:2012
1357:2012
1336:2012
1304:ISBN
1285:2012
1258:ISBN
1218:ISBN
1184:2016
1154:ISBN
1129:ISBN
1110:2016
1077:2016
1047:ISBN
1019:ISBN
1000:2016
973:ISBN
939:2016
658:(B)
493:(B)
482:(B)
463:(B)
436:(B)
403:(B)
381:(B)
370:(B)
359:(A)
232:and
153:and
40:The
117:at
1494::
1470:.
1445:.
1420:.
1168:^
1096:.
1085:^
1061:^
1033:^
947:^
157:.
137:SS
67:,
63:,
1481:.
1456:.
1431:.
1406:.
1385:.
1359:.
1338:.
1312:.
1287:.
1266:.
1226:.
1186:.
1162:.
1137:.
1112:.
1079:.
1055:.
1027:.
1002:.
981:.
941:.
145:(
20:)
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