2175:
2167:
714:
939:, p. 195: "Celtic deity whose name is often connected with the Graeco-Roman god Apollo (see interpretatio romana), although the cult of Belenos seems to have preserved a degree of independence ... Belenus was often identified with Apollo and seen as a typical Karnian oracle- and health-giving deity."
682:, who died during the event while his army was defeated soon afterwards, Belenus was invoked as the divine protector of Aquileia. The soldiers reported seeing an appearance of the god floating in the air, battling and defending his town, in an evocation of Apollo's defence of Delphi against the troops of
733:. A sanctuary dedicated to the deity is attested by the second half of the 1st century BC, when its renovation was commemorated by two chiefs of the village. Epigraphic dedications to the god are also known in Venice and at Rimini. An altar was also found in Celeia (modern
737:), one of the most important Norican towns. The cult may have been introduced here from Aquileia, as suggested by the name of its dedicator, Lucius Sentius Forensis, the Sentii being well attested to at Aquileia, but not in Noricum.
482:'henbane'). Henbane was commonly used in antiquity for medicinal purposes, providing further evidence of Belanos' healing attributes. A shallow stone dish found in Saint-Chamas (south of France) and dedicated to
1092:
de
Bernardo Stempel, Patrizia; Hainzmann, Manfred; Mathieu, Nicolas (2013), de Bernardo Stempel, Patrizia; Hofeneder, Andreas (eds.), "Celtic and Other Indigenous Divine Names Found in the Italian Peninsula",
863:. The local population regarded him as a great healer who could cure blindness with his 'key'. Professor Monika Kropej also states that Belenus was possibly incorporated into the Slovenian lore as the
927:, p. 24: "Apart from the association with the Roman Apollo, little is known about the function and significance of Belenos (Pauly Wissowa s. v. Belenus). He is probably associated with medicine."
839:('Bel's Fires') on May 1. On occasion, cattle was driven between two fires in order to repeal diseases, which Schrijver has compared to the traditional German custom of burning henbane collected on
595:(Burgundy), where he was invoked by pilgrims seeking cures for their sickness. If Belenus is interpreted as meaning 'shining, brilliant', it can be compared to the Celtic epithet
871:
by the local population, among other names, may also be related. It is connected to ancient rituals and features two primitively carved figures with heads ornamented with rays.
859:, may provide evidence of the survival of Belenus' cult in the region and of its later integration into Slovenian beliefs, possibly blended with attributes of the Slavic god
347:
and by an altar in which
Belenus is worshipped together with the Nymphs. Thermal springs are also attested to at Iulium Carnicum." The 19th-century attempt to link the root
1891:
889:
755:
areas. A votive inscription from
Caesarean times by the poet Lucius Erax Bardus was found at Rochemolles, near Bardonecchia (Bardonnèche), in Italy (
835:
The Irish Bel has been speculated by some scholars to be linked to the god
Belenus. Fires in honor of the deity were lit for Celtic festivals of
1356:
2174:
747:, and mentions a temple priest of the cult named Phoebicius. The deity was also popular in Provence, as attested by inscriptions from the
126:, Italy), the main centre of his cult, the name has also been found in places where Celtic speakers lived in ancient times, including in
1884:
659:, writing in c. 200 AD, identifies Belenus as the national god of Noricum. Inscriptions dedicated to Belenus are concentrated in the
1716:(2017). "The irreducible Gauls used to swear by Belenos. – Or did they? Celtic religion, henbane and historical misapprehensions".
885:
698:
each dedicated an inscription to
Belenus in the region of Aquileia. A further 6 votive inscriptions of Belenus were discovered at
1318:
Les dieux gaulois : répertoire des noms de divinités celtiques connus par l'épigraphie, les textes antiques et la toponymie.
159:
343:, meaning 'source, spring'. According to Šašel Kos, Belenus' "close association with water is confirmed by two dedications to
1703:
1659:
1637:
1596:
1574:
1542:
1102:
205:
remains unclear. It has been traditionally translated as the 'bright one' or the 'shining one', by deriving the name from a
2661:
1877:
1681:
1618:
1418:
1325:
552:
was commonly associated with the sun and healing attributes. He may have been equated with fifteen or more different
628:
oracle- and health-giving deity", although its widespread attestation among ancient Celtic peoples may point to a
814:), possibly worshipped as a goddess of nature and fertility. Two shrines dedicated to the goddess were found in
336:
206:
503:, and could thus been translated as 'Very Powerful'. Schrijver rather links it to a stem for 'henbane', *
2166:
603:- 'white'), attached to Apollo as a deity who restored light and vision to people with eye disease at
1713:
150:
667:, but there is evidence that the popularity of the god became more widespread in the Roman period.
2534:
1669:
718:
2676:
2141:
2671:
1791:
1753:
1562:
1500:
637:
633:
553:
806:
In
Noricum, Belenus may also have been accompanied by an otherwise unknown female deity named
775:
Images of
Belenus sometimes show him to be accompanied by a female, perhaps the Gaulish deity
2656:
678:, where he was regarded as its patron god. During the siege of the city in 238 AD by emperor
629:
2666:
2651:
2488:
1611:
Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental
703:
690:('Fountain of Belenos') show connection with medicinal springs. The third-century emperors
244:
74:
8:
2081:
1981:
1647:
431:
379:), which possibly means 'hound of Belenos', or else 'strong as a dog' if the name is not
2526:
1857:
1741:
1350:
1108:
2582:
2574:
2051:
1861:
1849:
1817:
1779:
1745:
1733:
1699:
1677:
1655:
1633:
1614:
1592:
1570:
1538:
1414:
1321:
1247:
1098:
1095:
Théonymie celtique, cultes, interpretatio - Keltische
Theonymie, Kulte, Interpretatio
57:
164:
82:, although his cult seems to have preserved a certain degree of autonomy during the
2508:
2498:
2304:
2186:
2121:
1916:
1900:
1841:
1807:
1769:
1725:
1606:
1530:
1274:
664:
459:
271:
do not seem to connote 'shining', but rather ' white' or 'grey', and suggests that
260:
259:
However, this etymology has come under increasing criticism in recent scholarship.
799:
in 1142 AD), modern
Switzerland, also attest to the existence of a feminine form *
540:(taken to have an equine association), as well as the toponyms Beleño and Beloño.
2646:
1829:
867:, a type of fairy-like beings. An incised stone in southwestern Slovenia, called
707:
679:
471:
389:
288:
2410:
2337:
2041:
1691:
1584:
781:
621:
412:
332:
1845:
420:
2640:
1853:
1821:
1783:
1737:
1251:
1112:
760:
592:
300:
139:
61:
20:
1534:
532:
Spanish scholarship also relates the deity's name to
Aquitanian anthroponym
182:. The deity may also have been known in Ireland and Britain by the variants
2380:
2219:
1951:
1729:
713:
660:
407:
83:
69:
1869:
1774:
1757:
1278:
1239:
365:
A village that is now part of the municipality of Aquileia is still named
2625:
2615:
2468:
2365:
2322:
2264:
2096:
2086:
1796:"Belenus, Cybele, and Attis: Echoes of their Cults through the Centuries"
856:
791:
636:
writes that the deity probably pre-existed the Roman period. Philologist
625:
118:), appears in some 51 inscriptions. Although most of them are located in
53:
1812:
1795:
2592:
2549:
2516:
2463:
2428:
2385:
2327:
2317:
2199:
1525:
Gravil, Richard (2003), Gravil, Richard (ed.), "Among the Men of Old",
815:
756:
691:
656:
584:
517:
380:
371:
27:
1240:"El jinete desnudo y la silla de montar de la estela de Iruña (Alava)"
743:(later 4th century AD) alludes to sanctuaries dedicated to Belenus in
423:
forest in Brittany. The names of the Welsh and Irish ancestor-figures
2602:
2587:
2493:
2400:
2390:
2375:
2284:
2239:
2224:
2214:
2194:
2151:
2066:
2016:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1920:
840:
819:
748:
744:
425:
2564:
2559:
2453:
2448:
2438:
2423:
2360:
2355:
2234:
2209:
2156:
2146:
2131:
2126:
2111:
2006:
1971:
1941:
1265:
Gricourt, Daniel; Dominique, Hollard (2002). "Lugus et le cheval".
1091:
905:
776:
740:
695:
675:
671:
604:
491:
119:
65:
1300:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1288:
752:
591:
The god was venerated as Apollo Belenus at the curative shrine of
2544:
2539:
2483:
2443:
2418:
2395:
2370:
2350:
2312:
2294:
2289:
2269:
2204:
2136:
2076:
2061:
2046:
2031:
1986:
1946:
1936:
1168:
901:
860:
836:
699:
683:
644:
towards the nearby towns of Aquileia and Iulium Carnicum (modern
641:
578:
566:
443:
405:'). The Brittonic variant of the name could be the source of the
398:
308:
264:
143:
135:
131:
100:
41:
31:
2610:
2458:
2433:
2345:
2274:
2259:
2254:
2116:
2106:
2101:
2091:
2021:
2011:
1285:
726:
645:
549:
253:
157:
was probably the original form, which also appears in the name
123:
79:
1097:(1 ed.), Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, p. 79,
2620:
2478:
2473:
2279:
2249:
2244:
2229:
2071:
2056:
2026:
1976:
1961:
1956:
767:
worshipped Belenus in association with health giving waters.
764:
734:
730:
572:
486:
could thus have been used to hold hallucinogenic substances.
402:
174:), a Welsh leader who died in 627 AD. Known variants include
127:
789:
in 1337 AD), present-day eastern France, and the place name
729:), a town close to the border with Noricum inhabited by the
499:- ('strong, powerful') attached to the intensifying suffix -
2554:
2036:
1912:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1121:
353:
1457:
1219:
1197:
1195:
1141:
1158:
1156:
1061:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1028:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1375:
1118:
976:
974:
972:
959:
957:
955:
953:
951:
949:
947:
945:
725:
Belenus was an important god of Iulium Carnicum (modern
1469:
1207:
1192:
1180:
1018:
1016:
1014:
843:
to protect the cattle against diseases and witchcraft.
1481:
1153:
1040:
918:
521:
can probably be translated as 'Worthy of Power', from
339:
have also argued that the name may derive from a root
1630:
Supernatural beings from Slovenian myth and folktales
1424:
1238:
de Aspuru, José Ignacio San Vicente González (2008).
969:
942:
1011:
1832:(1999). "On Henbane and Early European Narcotics".
1587:(2006). "Belenos/Belinos". In Koch, John T. (ed.).
1073:
401:with the names of two deities, or else 'strong as
26:"Belenos" redirects here. For the rugby club, see
1264:
511:, and compares the name with the Gaulish theonym
369:. A tribal leader of pre-Roman Britain was named
2638:
489:According to Delamarre, the name of the goddess
446:, a hallucinogenic plant also known in Latin as
640:thinks that the worship of Belenus spread from
279:- ('strong, powerful') attached to the suffix -
1561:
1304:
1885:
1316:Nicole Jufer & Thierry Luginbühl (2001).
855:, attested in the 19th century by historian
812:Beléna, Beléstis Augústa, Beléstris, Belínca
110:), which is a latinized form of the Gaulish
1899:
997:
995:
993:
991:
989:
357:is now widely rejected by modern scholars.
323:), a psychoactive plant which was known as
242:'grey'). This theory was encouraged by the
1892:
1878:
1696:Lexikon der keltischen Religion und Kultur
1441:
1411:Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia.
1387:
1355:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
462:, appears to be the source of the Spanish
1828:
1811:
1790:
1773:
1752:
1668:
1605:
1589:Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia
1529:, Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 11–32,
1487:
1475:
1463:
1447:
1393:
1381:
1369:
1237:
1225:
1213:
1201:
1186:
1174:
1147:
1135:
1067:
1055:
1034:
1001:
924:
287:as the 'Master of Power'. Alternatively,
56:. The cult of Belenus stretched from the
986:
904:franchise often swear by "Belenos" and "
712:
275:may rather derive from the Gaulish stem
1712:
1652:The Oxford Companion to World Mythology
1646:
1583:
1527:Wordsworth’s Bardic Vocation, 1787–1842
1162:
1022:
980:
963:
936:
411:ward in London, although this may be a
213:, interpreted as 'white, shining' (cf.
2639:
1627:
1524:
1435:
1336:
1334:
283:('lord, master'), which would lead to
1873:
1690:
1340:
1310:
1079:
1834:Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie
1718:Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie
1567:Dictionary of Celtic Myth and Legend
1403:
78:, Belenus was often identified with
1331:
830:
495:appears to be built on a same stem
470:could also have been borrowed into
393:) goes back to a similar compound *
256:', a divinity with sun attributes.
64:, with a main sanctuary located at
13:
2173:
2165:
895:
846:
825:
610:
507:-, attached to an unknown suffix -
466:('henbane'). The Gallo-Roman term
415:, and possibly of the fountain of
14:
2688:
624:, Belenus was seen as a "typical
1674:A dictionary of Celtic mythology
1343:Geschichte und Kultur der Kelten
458:, cited as a poisonous plant by
442:(Βελενούντιαν), designating the
360:
1554:
1518:
1493:
1363:
1258:
1231:
1085:
94:
1413:Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, Inc.
930:
450:, may be a derivative form of
383:. The Old Welsh personal name
1:
1267:Dialogues d'histoire ancienne
911:
674:mentions Belenus' worship in
548:In ancient Gaul and Britain,
529:('worthy, good, deserving').
1501:"Small-Body Database Lookup"
651:
632:origin of the cult. Scholar
351:- with the Phoenician deity
337:Patrizia de Bernardo Stempel
196:
7:
2662:Gods of the ancient Britons
1676:. Oxford University Press.
1654:. Oxford University Press.
717:Bowl dedicated to Belenus (
543:
10:
2693:
1800:Studia mythologica Slavica
1762:Studia mythologica Slavica
1563:Aldhouse-Green, Miranda J.
879:
770:
25:
18:
2601:
2573:
2525:
2507:
2409:
2336:
2303:
2185:
2163:
1929:
1908:
1846:10.1515/zcph.1999.51.1.17
1320:Paris: Editions Errance.
874:
620:According to philologist
615:
1341:Maier, Bernhard (2012).
1177:, pp. 30–34, 39–40.
719:Marseille History Museum
525:- ('power') attached to
263:notes that the proposed
1628:Kropej, Monika (2012).
1535:10.1057/9780230510333_2
851:The Slovenian divinity
89:
52:) is an ancient Celtic
2179:
2171:
1730:10.1515/zcph-2017-0007
1409:Koch, John T. (2006).
759:). At Aquae Borvonis (
722:
634:Miranda Aldhouse-Green
419:(now Bérenton) in the
19:For the asteroid, see
2177:
2169:
1775:10.3986/sms.v4i0.1807
1714:Prósper, Blanca María
1569:. Thames and Hudson.
1279:10.3406/dha.2002.2475
716:
435:may also be related.
515:. The personal name
245:interpretatio romana
151:Blanca María Prósper
75:interpretatio romana
30:. For the star, see
1911:Ancient deities of
1813:10.3986/SMS20222511
1305:Aldhouse-Green 1997
686:. Dedications to a
478:(cf. modern German
207:Proto-Indo-European
2527:Gallia Narbonensis
2180:
2172:
1792:Šašel Kos, Marjeta
1754:Šašel Kos, Marjeta
723:
554:names and epithets
327:in Gaulish and as
307:, designating the
291:has proposed that
2634:
2633:
2583:Matronae Aufaniae
2575:Germania Inferior
2052:Ialonus Contrebis
1705:978-3-520-46601-3
1661:978-0-19-515669-0
1648:Leeming, David A.
1639:978-961-254-428-7
1607:Delamarre, Xavier
1598:978-1-85109-440-0
1576:978-0-500-27975-5
1544:978-0-230-51033-3
1466:, pp. 34–35.
1307:, pp. 30–31.
1228:, pp. 30–31.
1104:978-3-7001-7369-4
1070:, pp. 24–27.
1037:, pp. 24–25.
900:The Gauls of the
884:The minor planet
779:. The river name
638:Marjeta Šašel Kos
588:, among others).
438:The Gaulish term
238:
231:
223:
216:
201:The etymology of
170:(from an earlier
58:Italian Peninsula
2684:
2509:Gallia Cisalpina
2305:Gallia Aquitania
1901:Celtic mythology
1894:
1887:
1880:
1871:
1870:
1865:
1830:Schrijver, Peter
1825:
1815:
1787:
1777:
1749:
1709:
1687:
1670:MacKillop, James
1665:
1643:
1624:
1602:
1580:
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1547:
1522:
1516:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1505:ssd.jpl.nasa.gov
1497:
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1302:
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1244:Hispania Antiqua
1235:
1229:
1223:
1217:
1211:
1205:
1199:
1190:
1184:
1178:
1172:
1166:
1160:
1151:
1150:, p. 27–28.
1145:
1139:
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1115:
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1077:
1071:
1065:
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1053:
1038:
1032:
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1020:
1009:
999:
984:
978:
967:
961:
940:
934:
928:
922:
831:Medieval Ireland
665:Gallia Cisalpina
460:Pseudo-Aristotle
261:Xavier Delamarre
252:as the 'Gaulish
236:
229:
221:
214:
168:
2692:
2691:
2687:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2682:
2681:
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2630:
2597:
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2405:
2332:
2299:
2181:
2161:
2042:Genii Cucullati
1925:
1904:
1898:
1868:
1706:
1692:Maier, Bernhard
1684:
1662:
1640:
1632:. Založba ZRC.
1621:
1599:
1585:Birkhan, Helmut
1577:
1557:
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987:
979:
970:
962:
943:
935:
931:
923:
919:
914:
898:
896:Popular culture
890:named after him
882:
877:
849:
847:Modern Slovenia
833:
828:
826:Related beliefs
773:
708:Iulium Carnicum
680:Maximinus Thrax
654:
618:
613:
611:Historical cult
546:
472:Old High German
363:
289:Peter Schrijver
199:
162:
97:
92:
72:coast. Through
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2690:
2680:
2679:
2677:Summer deities
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
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2571:
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2562:
2557:
2555:Lero et Lerina
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2531:
2529:
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2522:
2520:
2519:
2513:
2511:
2505:
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2501:
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2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2415:
2413:
2411:Gallia Celtica
2407:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2342:
2340:
2338:Gallia Belgica
2334:
2333:
2331:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2309:
2307:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2191:
2189:
2183:
2182:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1933:
1931:
1930:Supra-regional
1927:
1926:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1897:
1896:
1889:
1882:
1874:
1867:
1866:
1826:
1788:
1750:
1710:
1704:
1688:
1682:
1666:
1660:
1644:
1638:
1625:
1619:
1603:
1597:
1581:
1575:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1543:
1517:
1492:
1488:Šašel Kos 2001
1480:
1476:Šašel Kos 2001
1468:
1464:Schrijver 1999
1456:
1448:MacKillop 2004
1440:
1438:, p. 217.
1423:
1402:
1394:MacKillop 2004
1386:
1384:, p. 229.
1382:Šašel Kos 2022
1374:
1370:Schrijver 1999
1362:
1330:
1309:
1284:
1257:
1246:(32): 75, 78.
1230:
1226:Schrijver 1999
1218:
1214:Schrijver 1999
1206:
1202:Delamarre 2003
1191:
1187:Schrijver 1999
1179:
1175:Schrijver 1999
1167:
1165:, p. 262.
1152:
1148:Schrijver 1999
1140:
1138:, p. 228.
1136:Šašel Kos 2022
1117:
1103:
1084:
1072:
1068:Schrijver 1999
1060:
1056:Delamarre 2003
1039:
1035:Schrijver 1999
1027:
1010:
1002:MacKillop 2004
985:
983:, p. 258.
968:
966:, p. 195.
941:
929:
925:Schrijver 1999
916:
915:
913:
910:
897:
894:
881:
878:
876:
873:
848:
845:
832:
829:
827:
824:
772:
769:
653:
650:
622:Helmut Birkhan
617:
614:
612:
609:
545:
542:
454:. The variant
413:folk etymology
362:
359:
333:Bernhard Maier
267:stemming from
198:
195:
96:
93:
91:
88:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2689:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2672:Horse deities
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2600:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2576:
2572:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2524:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2510:
2506:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2408:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2343:
2341:
2339:
2335:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2302:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2184:
2176:
2168:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1907:
1902:
1895:
1890:
1888:
1883:
1881:
1876:
1875:
1872:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1701:
1698:. A. Kröner.
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1683:0-19-860967-1
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1635:
1631:
1626:
1622:
1620:9782877723695
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1559:
1546:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1521:
1506:
1502:
1496:
1489:
1484:
1478:, p. 14.
1477:
1472:
1465:
1460:
1453:
1449:
1444:
1437:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1420:
1419:1-85109-440-7
1416:
1412:
1406:
1399:
1395:
1390:
1383:
1378:
1372:, p. 24.
1371:
1366:
1358:
1352:
1344:
1337:
1335:
1327:
1326:2-87772-200-7
1323:
1319:
1313:
1306:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1293:
1291:
1289:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1261:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1234:
1227:
1222:
1216:, p. 26.
1215:
1210:
1204:, p. 71.
1203:
1198:
1196:
1189:, p. 27.
1188:
1183:
1176:
1171:
1164:
1159:
1157:
1149:
1144:
1137:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1114:
1113:j.ctv8mdn28.8
1110:
1106:
1100:
1096:
1088:
1082:, p. 40.
1081:
1076:
1069:
1064:
1058:, p. 72.
1057:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1036:
1031:
1025:, p. 48.
1024:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1007:
1003:
998:
996:
994:
992:
990:
982:
977:
975:
973:
965:
960:
958:
956:
954:
952:
950:
948:
946:
938:
933:
926:
921:
917:
909:
907:
903:
893:
891:
887:
886:11284 Belenus
872:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
844:
842:
838:
823:
821:
817:
813:
809:
804:
802:
798:
794:
793:
788:
784:
783:
778:
768:
766:
762:
761:Bourbon-Lancy
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
736:
732:
728:
720:
715:
711:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
668:
666:
662:
658:
649:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
630:Common Celtic
627:
623:
608:
606:
602:
598:
594:
593:Sainte-Sabine
589:
587:
586:
581:
580:
575:
574:
569:
568:
563:
559:
555:
551:
541:
539:
535:
530:
528:
524:
520:
519:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
493:
487:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
436:
434:
433:
428:
427:
422:
418:
414:
410:
409:
404:
400:
396:
392:
391:
386:
382:
378:
374:
373:
368:
361:Related terms
358:
356:
355:
350:
346:
345:Fons B(eleni)
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
301:Indo-European
299:-stem of the
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
257:
255:
251:
247:
246:
241:
234:
227:
219:
212:
208:
204:
194:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
166:
161:
156:
152:
147:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
102:
87:
85:
81:
77:
76:
71:
67:
63:
62:British Isles
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
33:
29:
22:
21:11284 Belenus
2657:Gaulish gods
2381:Iovantucarus
2220:Belatucadros
2170:Celtic wheel
1966:
1952:Anextiomarus
1910:
1840:(1): 17–45.
1837:
1833:
1803:
1799:
1765:
1761:
1721:
1717:
1695:
1673:
1651:
1629:
1610:
1591:. ABC-CLIO.
1588:
1566:
1555:Bibliography
1526:
1520:
1508:. Retrieved
1504:
1495:
1490:, p. 9.
1483:
1471:
1459:
1451:
1443:
1410:
1405:
1397:
1389:
1377:
1365:
1342:
1317:
1312:
1270:
1266:
1260:
1243:
1233:
1221:
1209:
1182:
1170:
1163:Prósper 2017
1143:
1094:
1087:
1075:
1063:
1030:
1023:Leeming 2005
1005:
981:Prósper 2017
964:Birkhan 2006
937:Birkhan 2006
932:
920:
899:
883:
868:
864:
852:
850:
834:
811:
807:
805:
800:
796:
790:
786:
780:
774:
739:
724:
687:
670:Around 240,
669:
661:Eastern Alps
655:
619:
607:(Burgundy).
600:
596:
590:
583:
577:
571:
565:
561:
557:
547:
537:
533:
531:
526:
522:
516:
513:Belisa-maros
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
490:
488:
483:
479:
475:
467:
463:
455:
451:
447:
439:
437:
430:
424:
416:
408:Billingsgate
406:
395:lugu-belinos
394:
388:
384:
376:
370:
366:
364:
352:
348:
344:
340:
328:
324:
320:
316:
315:, Germanic *
312:
304:
296:
295:might be an
292:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
258:
249:
243:
239:
232:
225:
217:
210:
202:
200:
191:
187:
183:
179:
178:and perhaps
175:
171:
158:
154:
153:argues that
148:
115:
111:
107:
103:
98:
95:Attestations
84:Roman period
73:
49:
45:
37:
36:
16:Celtic deity
2667:Health gods
2652:Celtic gods
2616:Endovelicus
2366:Icovellauna
2265:Ricagambeda
2142:Telesphorus
2097:Nantosuelta
1613:. Errance.
1436:Kropej 2012
1345:. C.H.Beck.
857:Simon Rutar
797:apud Belnam
688:Fons Beleni
556:(including
538:Belanetepos
534:Belinatepos
480:Bilsenkraut
448:apollinaris
421:Brocéliande
375:(Old Welsh
372:Cunobelinos
329:apollinaris
311:(cf. Welsh
163: [
54:healing god
2641:Categories
2593:Nehalennia
2550:Cathubodua
2517:Ambisagrus
2464:Moritasgus
2429:Atepomarus
2386:Veraudunus
2328:Sexarbores
2200:Alaisiagae
1273:(2): 136.
1080:Maier 1994
912:References
816:Podljubelj
757:Alpi Graie
692:Diocletian
657:Tertullian
585:Moritasgus
518:Bellovesus
440:belenuntia
397:(either a
381:theophoric
331:in Latin.
325:belenuntia
235:'pallor',
28:Belenos RC
2603:Gallaecia
2588:Gebrinius
2494:Smertrios
2401:Xulsigiae
2391:Vindonnus
2376:Intarabus
2285:Vinotonus
2240:Coventina
2225:Britannia
2215:Arnemetia
2195:Abandinus
2187:Britannia
2152:Virotutis
2067:Loucetios
2017:Dis Pater
2002:Cissonius
1997:Cicolluis
1992:Cernunnos
1982:Brigantia
1923:by region
1921:Gallaecia
1862:162678252
1854:1865-889X
1822:1581-128X
1784:1581-128X
1746:165188823
1738:1865-889X
1510:3 January
1351:cite book
1252:1130-0515
841:Midsummer
820:Karawanks
749:Marseille
745:Aquitania
704:Concordia
652:Locations
597:Vindonnus
562:Vindonnus
426:Beli Mawr
319:, Slavic
317:bel(u)nōn
228:'white',
220:'white',
197:Etymology
149:Linguist
68:, on the
2565:Rudianos
2560:Nemausus
2535:Albiorix
2489:Souconna
2454:Nemetona
2449:Luxovius
2439:Gobannus
2424:Anvallus
2361:Arvernus
2356:Arduinna
2235:Cocidius
2210:Andraste
2157:Visucius
2147:Toutatis
2132:Suleviae
2127:Sucellus
2112:Rosmerta
2007:Condatis
1972:Belisama
1942:Alisanos
1794:(2022).
1768:: 9–16.
1756:(2001).
1694:(1994).
1672:(2004).
1650:(2005).
1609:(2003).
1565:(1997).
906:Toutatis
837:Beltaine
808:Belestis
777:Belisama
741:Ausonius
696:Maximian
676:Aquileia
672:Herodian
605:Essarois
544:Epithets
492:Belisama
456:belenion
417:Belenton
390:Llywelyn
387:(modern
377:Conbelin
265:cognates
176:Bellinus
120:Aquileia
70:Adriatic
66:Aquileia
2545:Buxenus
2540:Artaius
2484:Sequana
2444:Icaunis
2419:Acionna
2396:Vosegus
2371:Inciona
2351:Ancamna
2313:Abellio
2295:Veteris
2290:Verbeia
2270:Satiada
2205:Ancasta
2178:Taranis
2137:Taranis
2087:Matrona
2077:Maponos
2062:Litavis
2047:Grannus
2032:Erecura
1987:Camulus
1967:Belenus
1947:Andarta
1937:Alaunus
1917:Britain
1758:"Belin"
1452:Belenus
1450:, s.v.
1398:Belenus
1396:, s.v.
1006:Belenus
1004:, s.v.
902:Asterix
880:Science
869:berlina
861:Belibog
818:in the
771:Consort
763:), the
700:Altinum
684:Brennos
642:Noricum
626:Karnian
599:(from *
579:Maponus
567:Grannos
558:Belenus
484:Beleino
452:Belenos
444:henbane
399:dvandva
385:Liuelin
367:Beligna
309:henbane
293:Belenos
285:Belenos
273:Belenos
269:*bʰelH-
250:Belenos
211:*bʰelH-
203:Belenos
172:Belinos
155:Belinos
144:Ireland
140:Britain
136:Illyria
132:Noricum
116:Belinos
112:Belenos
108:Belinus
104:Belenus
101:theonym
60:to the
50:Belinos
46:Belenos
42:Gaulish
38:Belenus
32:HD 8574
2647:Apollo
2611:Bandua
2459:Moccus
2434:Bricta
2346:Abnoba
2275:Senuna
2260:Ocelus
2255:Nodens
2122:Sirona
2117:Segomo
2107:Ritona
2102:Ogmios
2092:Mogons
2082:Matres
2022:Divona
2012:Damona
1903:series
1860:
1852:
1820:
1782:
1744:
1736:
1702:
1680:
1658:
1636:
1617:
1595:
1573:
1541:
1417:
1324:
1250:
1111:
1101:
875:Legacy
865:beliči
801:Belenā
792:Bienne
782:Bienne
727:Zuglio
646:Zuglio
616:Origin
550:Apollo
497:bel(o)
476:bilisa
468:belisa
464:beleño
341:*gelH-
321:*bъlnъ
303:root *
254:Apollo
226:phalós
224:φαλός
218:báltas
190:, and
124:Friuli
80:Apollo
2621:Nabia
2479:Robor
2474:Naria
2469:Mullo
2323:Fagus
2280:Sulis
2250:Latis
2245:Iouga
2230:Clota
2072:Lugus
2057:Lenus
2027:Epona
1977:Borvo
1962:Aveta
1957:Artio
1858:S2CID
1742:S2CID
1724:(1).
1109:JSTOR
853:Belin
787:Biena
765:Aedui
753:Nîmes
735:Celje
731:Carni
601:windo
573:Borvo
527:uesus
523:bello
505:beles
501:isama
403:Lugus
305:bʰel-
237:Goth.
215:Lith.
209:root
192:Bile.
180:Belus
167:]
160:Belyn
2626:Reue
2499:Telo
2318:Baco
2037:Esus
1919:and
1913:Gaul
1850:ISSN
1818:ISSN
1780:ISSN
1734:ISSN
1700:ISBN
1678:ISBN
1656:ISBN
1634:ISBN
1615:ISBN
1593:ISBN
1571:ISBN
1539:ISBN
1512:2023
1415:ISBN
1357:link
1322:ISBN
1248:ISSN
1099:ISBN
810:(or
751:and
706:and
694:and
663:and
432:Bile
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