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The phrase "Beijing Spring" was also used during a more recent period of political thaw in the PRC from
September 1997 to mid November 1998. During this 'new Beijing Spring' the Chinese authorities relaxed some control over political expression and organisation. The relatively trouble-free
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During the
Beijing Spring, the general public was allowed greater freedom to criticize the government than the Chinese people had previously been allowed under the
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Brodsgaard, Kjeld Erik (1981). "The
Democracy Movement in China, 1978–1979: Opposition Movements, Wall Poster Campaigns, and Underground Journals".
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at this time. By the end of 1998 the government had again cracked down on leading dissidents and those involved in the fledgling opposition
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1210:"The 1978–1981 Democracy Wall Movement and the Reformists in the Communist Party Leadership after Mao's Death"
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was founded and legally registered by some local authorities. The
Democracy Wall Movement dissident
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1145:"Deng Xiaoping, Dazibao and Dissent: A Critical Analysis of the Xidan Democracy Wall Movement"
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and the government's behavior during that time. It was made public with the
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1251:"Beijing Spring" – Memories of the Chinese Democracy Movement 1978–1981
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in early 1997 were precursors to this brief period of liberalisation.
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The
Journal of the European Association for Chinese Studies
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2010 Macau transfer of sovereignty anniversary protest
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2007 Macau transfer of sovereignty anniversary protest
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International
Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
981:
It was during this second "Beijing Spring" that the
974:to China from the United Kingdom and the death of
949:. Most of this criticism was directed towards the
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810:December 2005 protest for democracy in Hong Kong
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31:History of the People's Republic of China
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947:government of the People's Republic of China
16:Late-1970s period of liberalization in China
752:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre
284:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre
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989:was released and exiled, China signed the
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933:", an analogous event which occurred in
905:) refers to a brief period of political
1207:
1180:"frontline: the gate of heavenly peace"
92:Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence
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2220:Socialism with Chinese characteristics
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761:2011 crackdown on dissidents in China
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559:2020 Hong Kong national security law
252:Campaign against spiritual pollution
2916:Major Historical and Cultural Sites
757:2011 Chinese pro-democracy protests
747:1986 Chinese student demonstrations
274:1986 Chinese student demonstrations
13:
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419:South–North Water Transfer Project
346:US bombing of the Belgrade embassy
242:Strike Hard Against Crime Campaign
82:Three-anti and Five-anti Campaigns
14:
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997:and UN Human Rights Commissioner
820:2010 Hong Kong democracy protests
384:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
379:Forum on China–Africa Cooperation
279:Sino-Portuguese Joint Declaration
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2992:Four Masters of the Ming dynasty
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140:Seven Thousand Cadres Conference
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2184:Political parties and movements
1548:Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
1533:Northern and Southern dynasties
1190:from the original on 2020-05-08
1161:from the original on 2019-04-14
777:2022 COVID-19 protests in China
544:China International Import Expo
1208:Opletal, Helmut (2021-12-30).
1201:
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247:Sino-British Joint Declaration
1:
1226:10.25365/jeacs.2021.2.127-167
1083:
772:Beijing Sitong Bridge protest
539:China–United States trade war
212:China–United States relations
2289:Ministry of National Defense
1628:Chinese Communist Revolution
929:. The name is derived from "
844:2019–2020 Hong Kong protests
554:2019–2020 Hong Kong protests
145:Socialist Education Movement
7:
3271:Chinese democracy movements
2952:Flowers of the Four Seasons
2937:Four Treasures of the Study
2556:Water supply and sanitation
2284:Central Military Commission
2279:Outline of military history
2029:Province-level subdivisions
1063:Chinese democracy movements
1008:
927:Chinese Cultural Revolution
10:
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2225:Primary stage of socialism
2167:National People's Congress
1635:People's Republic of China
959:Chinese democracy movement
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915:People's Republic of China
839:2016 Mong Kok civil unrest
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509:Meeting with Ma Ying-Jeou
359:China Western Development
351:Persecution of Falun Gong
3150:Catholic Church in China
2294:People's Liberation Army
2261:One country, two systems
1058:Bourgeois liberalization
964:
805:Hong Kong 1 July marches
514:2016 G20 Hangzhou summit
489:Belt and Road Initiative
484:Anti-corruption campaign
324:One country, two systems
257:Bourgeois liberalization
135:Two Bombs, One Satellite
107:Hundred Flowers Campaign
2982:Four Pillars of Destiny
2767:Regional discrimination
2189:Chinese Communist Party
1152:Senior Capstone Project
1054:– 2020 documentary film
1045:1976 Tiananmen incident
1003:Chinese Democracy Party
955:Democracy Wall Movement
917:(PRC). It began as the
834:2014 Hong Kong protests
767:Egg fried rice protests
434:Three Links with Taiwan
429:2008 Sichuan earthquake
404:2002–2004 SARS outbreak
304:Shanghai Stock Exchange
2735:Science and technology
2408:Special economic zones
1660:persecution of Uyghurs
1588:Century of humiliation
571:2020–2021 reform spree
529:Persecution of Uyghurs
459:West–East Gas Pipeline
364:Hainan Island incident
205:Special economic zones
200:Reforms and Opening Up
112:Anti-Rightist Campaign
19:For the pop band, see
2942:Four Great Inventions
2326:People's Armed Police
1143:Levine, Jill (2013).
983:China Democracy Party
972:handover of Hong Kong
424:Qinghai–Tibet railway
329:Handover of Hong Kong
21:Beijing Spring (band)
2921:World Heritage Sites
2449:Foreign aid received
2157:Environmental policy
1955:Environmental policy
1950:Environmental issues
576:2022 Winter Olympics
477:2012–present: Xi era
439:2008 Summer Olympics
374:Accession to the WTO
314:Deng's southern tour
297:1989–2002: Jiang era
130:Great Chinese Famine
87:First five-year plan
62:Land Reform Movement
3311:Cultural Revolution
3167:History of religion
3162:Freedom of religion
3017:Four Pests campaign
2962:Four Classic Novels
2574:Automotive industry
2454:Foreign aid program
2145:Pro-democratisation
1640:Cultural Revolution
951:Cultural Revolution
716:democracy movements
309:Pudong New District
229:Sino-Vietnamese War
224:Four Modernizations
178:1976–1989: Deng era
165:Richard Nixon visit
155:Cultural Revolution
3074:Population history
3054:Internal migration
2669:Harmonious Society
2544:Telecommunications
2501:Standard of living
2420:Online advertising
2172:Standing Committee
1256:2019-04-11 at the
414:Visit of Lien Chan
125:Great Leap Forward
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830:Umbrella Movement
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566:COVID-19 pandemic
397:2002–2012: Hu era
334:Handover of Macau
217:Three Communiqués
160:UN representation
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3123:Chinese Buddhism
2977:Four Holy Beasts
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2708:Standard Chinese
2703:Chinese language
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2019:Border crossings
2014:Baseline islands
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1970:Nature reserves
1960:Protected areas
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3145:Christianity
3135:Confucianism
3095:Urbanization
3031:Demographics
3007:Gang of Four
2972:Four Symbols
2871:Martial arts
2645:Prostitution
2532:Architecture
2386:Central bank
2254:Vice Premier
2206:United front
2135:Constitution
2091:Penal system
2069:Human rights
2006:Subdivisions
1844: /
1840: /
1763:Southwestern
1758:Northwestern
1461:Western Zhou
1409:Yellow River
1359:1949–present
1217:
1213:
1203:
1192:. Retrieved
1183:
1174:
1163:. Retrieved
1151:
1138:
1105:
1102:Asian Survey
1101:
1049:
1023:China portal
995:Bill Clinton
980:
968:
944:
921:movement in
909:during the "
900:
884:
882:
741:
589:Constitution
233:
185:Gang of Four
67:Proclamation
2911:Variety art
2906:Tea culture
2834:Calligraphy
2819:Archaeology
2679:Food safety
2474:Gold mining
2376:Aquaculture
2371:Agriculture
2331:Coast Guard
2098:Naming laws
1932:Environment
1920:South China
1399:Paleolithic
1391:Prehistoric
1349:before 1912
1220:: 127–167.
1184:www.pbs.org
341:1998 floods
269:863 Program
150:Third Front
117:Canton Fair
3265:Categories
3172:Irreligion
3069:Statistics
3039:Emigration
3002:Four Wangs
2891:Philosophy
2876:Mass media
2859:Literature
2757:Patriarchy
2720:Propaganda
2640:Corruption
2625:Censorship
2415:E-commerce
2122:Government
1915:East China
1887:Waterfalls
1833:Peninsulas
1801:Grasslands
1194:2020-05-07
1165:2020-05-23
1084:References
409:Shenzhou 5
262:Opposition
72:Korean War
57:Revolution
3059:Languages
3012:Four Olds
2967:Four arts
2854:Libraries
2784:Structure
2747:Sexuality
2684:incidents
2657:Education
2566:Transport
2442:Renewable
2437:Petroleum
2232:President
2199:Politburo
2152:Elections
2140:Democracy
2108:Terrorism
1856:Volcanoes
1838:Northeast
1816:Mountains
1726:Northeast
1676:Geography
1583:High Qing
1404:Neolithic
1376:Dynasties
1354:1912–1949
1345:Economic
1314:Overviews
1234:2709-9946
1122:0004-4687
937:in 1968.
793:Hong Kong
625:Geography
620:Education
494:Chang'e 3
444:Expo 2010
3245:Category
3118:Buddhism
3110:Religion
3087:Post-90s
3080:Post-80s
2824:Archives
2691:HIV/AIDS
2662:Literacy
2620:Abortion
2549:Internet
2506:Taxation
2489:Textiles
2469:Chemical
2464:Industry
2393:Currency
2271:Military
2079:in Tibet
2043:Politics
1980:Wildlife
1892:Wetlands
1655:COVID-19
1483:Imperial
1381:Monarchs
1341:Language
1326:Timeline
1298:articles
1254:Archived
1188:Archived
1156:Archived
1009:See also
630:Politics
599:Shanghai
519:Xiong'an
3229:Outline
3192:Symbols
3049:Eunuchs
2896:Smoking
2844:Cuisine
2811:Culture
2801:Welfare
2772:Suicide
2740:history
2608:Society
2537:Housing
2511:Tourism
2496:Poverty
2381:Banking
2359:Economy
2338:Militia
2249:Premier
1851:Valleys
1811:Islands
1796:Deserts
1786:Canyons
1774:Terrain
1753:Western
1741:Central
1713:Regions
1698:Geology
1688:Borders
1431:Ancient
1414:Yangtze
1321:History
1306:History
1130:2643619
941:History
923:Beijing
889:Chinese
714:Chinese
615:Economy
610:Culture
594:Beijing
3250:Portal
3205:Emblem
3200:Anthem
3182:Taoism
2864:Poetry
2839:Cinema
2762:Racism
2674:Health
2427:Energy
2403:Reform
2314:Rocket
2299:Ground
2024:Cities
1910:Yellow
1882:Rivers
1872:Canals
1826:passes
1821:ranges
1605:Modern
1296:
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899::
897:pinyin
891::
857:
790:
3236:Index
3177:Islam
3100:Women
2901:Sport
2886:Names
2881:Music
2849:Dance
2635:Crime
2516:Trade
2484:Steel
1990:Flora
1985:Fauna
1905:Bohai
1901:Seas
1877:Lakes
1865:Water
1842:North
1806:Hills
1791:Caves
1746:South
1731:North
1444:Shang
1294:China
1159:(PDF)
1148:(PDF)
1126:JSTOR
965:1990s
860:Macau
449:BRICS
3210:Flag
2791:Time
2584:Rail
2432:Coal
2304:Navy
2074:LGBT
1781:Bays
1721:East
1578:Qing
1573:Ming
1568:Yuan
1558:Song
1553:Liao
1543:Tang
1456:Zhou
1449:Late
1419:Liao
1230:ISSN
1118:ISSN
957:, a
893:北京之春
883:The
2829:Art
2309:Air
2056:Law
1538:Sui
1511:Han
1506:Wei
1496:Han
1491:Qin
1439:Xia
1222:doi
1110:doi
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