1422:
1416:
274:
96:
242:
262:
230:
162:
20:
1410:
123:
in Daha. Between the 14th–15th century, there are local sources mentioned about bedil (gun or gunpowder-based weapon), but since this is a broad term caution must be taken to identify what type of weapon used in a passage. A small hand-gun dated from the year 1340 thought to be
Chinese was found in
27:
pole gun found in Java, 1421 CE. It weighed 2.252 kg, length of 357 mm, and caliber of 16 mm. The ignition pan is rectangular, 28 mm long and 3 mm wide. The ignition hole is 4 mm in diameter, formerly protected by a cover, which is now missing, only the hinge is still
217:
s were babad Lombok, babad Mengui, and babad Sakra. They are also mentioned in
Sundanese and Balinese texts. During the Bali-Lombok war (ca. early 19th century–end of 19th century), a part of Karangasem troops were armed with bedil tombak.
866:(in Indonesian). Proyek Pengkajian dan Pembinaan Nilai-Nilai Budaya Pusat, Direktorat Sejarah dan Nilai Tradisional, Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
849:(in Indonesian). Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan, Direktorat Sejarah dan Nilai Tradisional, Proyek Penelitian dan Pengkajian Kebudayaan Nusantara.
273:
154:). It is probable that the Javanese hand cannon is modeled after Chinese ones. A Chinese pole cannon from 1421 A.D. has been found in the island of Java bearing the name of
144:, explained about Javanese marriage ceremony: when the husband was escorting his new wife to the marital home, various instruments were sounded, including gongs, drums, and
1421:
202:, the Malays were using cannons, matchlock guns, and "firing tubes". The gunpowder weapons of Malacca were not made by the Malay people but were imported from Java.
1537:
261:
241:
1415:
1593:
1324:
1823:
2049:
1532:
1257:
1207:
186:
ca. 1514. The
Javanese were deemed as expert gun casters and good artillerymen. The weapon made there include one-pounder cannons, long muskets,
176:(殊域周咨錄) recorded that Java is vast and densely populated, and their armored soldiers and hand cannons (火銃—huǒ chòng) dominated the Eastern Seas.
1252:
1212:
646:南海文明圖譜：復原南海的歷史基因◆繁體中文版 (Map of South China Sea Civilization: Restoring the Historical Gene of the South China Sea. Traditional Chinese Version)
229:
895:
1232:
1118:
676:
The travels of
Ludovico di Varthema in Egypt, Syria, Arabia Deserta and Arabia Felix, in Persia, India, and Ethiopia, A.D. 1503 to 1508
1319:
1789:
1168:
1106:
980:
562:
1334:
1158:
873:
644:
2607:
2196:
2133:
2201:
827:
780:
497:
459:
611:《海国广记·爪哇制度》有文字,知星历。其国地广人稠,甲兵火铳为东洋诸番之雄。其俗尚气好斗,生子一岁,便以匕首佩之。刀极精巧,名日扒刺头,以金银象牙雕琢人鬼为靶。男子无老幼贫富皆佩,若有争置,即拔刀相刺,盖杀人当时拿获者抵死,逃三日而出,则不抵死矣。
416:
Schlegel, Gustaaf (1902). "On the
Invention and Use of Fire-Arms and Gunpowder in China, Prior to the Arrival of European".
725:
Charney, Michael (2012). Iberians and
Southeast Asians at War: the Violent First Encounter at Melaka in 1511 and After. In
2403:
654:
888:
604:
2044:
693:
A Description of the Coasts of East Africa and
Malabar in the Beginning of the Sixteenth Century by Duarte Barbosa
817:
797:
2612:
2597:
2561:
674:
1813:
537:
707:
Gibson-Hill, C. A. (July 1953). "Notes on the old Cannon found in Malaya, and known to be of Dutch origin".
47:. The weapon consists of a gun or small cannon mounted on a wooden pole, forming a type of weapon known as "
1782:
691:
431:
Le carrefour javanais. Essai d'histoire globale (The
Javanese Crossroads: Towards a Global History) Vol. 2
401:
881:
449:
2031:
563:"L'Artillerie legere nousantarienne: A propos de six canons conserves dans des collections portugaises"
2622:
2148:
199:
95:
861:
844:
770:
2602:
1896:
158:(1403–1425). The gun's ignition hole is protected from the rain by a cover connected with a hinge.
111:
The introduction of gunpowder-based weapons in the
Nusantara archipelago can be traced back to the
2587:
2566:
2383:
1775:
1748:
903:
112:
775:(in Indonesian). Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
1931:
1828:
1516:
513:
44:
2231:
1802:
843:
Budisantoso, S.; Nusantara (Indonesia), Proyek
Penelitian dan Pengkajian Kebudayaan (1990).
1876:
1818:
1288:
8:
2284:
2236:
2036:
606:郑和下西洋资料汇编 (A Compilation of Materials on Zheng He's Voyages to the West) Volume 2, Part 1
2452:
2099:
2016:
585:
350:
248:
161:
79:
language meaning gun (any type of gun, from small pistol to large siege gun). The word
2592:
2441:
2346:
2186:
2138:
2069:
1974:
1956:
1767:
1409:
823:
776:
650:
624:
589:
493:
455:
100:
76:
2462:
2305:
2300:
2246:
2026:
2006:
1926:
1871:
1478:
1045:
995:
577:
380:
476:
Southeast Asia in the Age of Commerce, 1450-1680. Volume Two: Expansion and Crisis
2617:
2426:
2378:
2313:
1866:
1666:
1623:
1242:
1113:
288:
209:(historical text) of the post-17th century occasionally mention bedil tombak. In
139:
56:
19:
2548:
2510:
2089:
2021:
1661:
1598:
1391:
1293:
1202:
1179:
1005:
955:
945:
302:
179:
155:
120:
72:
24:
433:. Paris: Editions de l'Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales. Page 178.
385:
368:
2581:
2538:
2490:
2226:
2216:
2109:
2064:
1966:
1921:
1901:
1681:
1671:
1511:
1468:
1314:
1192:
1070:
1060:
1035:
1000:
904:
Indonesian traditional weapons, armors, and premodern gunpowder-based weapons
727:
Waffen Wissen Wandel: Anpassung und Lernen in transkulturellen Erstkonflikten
317:
284:
581:
2495:
2470:
2420:
2361:
2333:
2279:
2094:
1984:
1709:
1646:
1453:
1247:
1237:
1217:
1101:
1055:
1040:
1030:
1010:
970:
950:
860:
Sukartha, Nyoman; Mayun, Ida Bagus; Rupa, I. Wayan; Purna, I. Made (1995).
327:
2533:
2525:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2181:
2143:
1936:
1891:
1886:
1861:
1656:
1651:
1618:
1501:
1473:
1163:
151:
48:
357:. Getty Research Institute. Dresden: Verein für historische Waffenkunde.
2436:
2398:
2389:
2274:
2261:
2251:
2211:
2191:
2074:
2011:
1961:
1911:
1881:
1638:
1603:
1133:
985:
195:
116:
2543:
2515:
2500:
2485:
2480:
2446:
2269:
2241:
2206:
2171:
2161:
2120:
2084:
1951:
1916:
1906:
1851:
1463:
965:
538:
Chinese explorations of the Indian Ocean during the fifteenth century
322:
312:
252:
135:
104:
2505:
2338:
2176:
2128:
2104:
1946:
1941:
1846:
1838:
1628:
1547:
1376:
1339:
1128:
940:
307:
146:
131:
758:. Jakarta: Dirjen Kebudayaan Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
267:
Bedil tombak and swivel guns at Talaga Manggung Museum, West Java.
2475:
2431:
2408:
2369:
2357:
2221:
2166:
1998:
1979:
1798:
1613:
1542:
1506:
1496:
1445:
1381:
1371:
1329:
1262:
1227:
1153:
1143:
1123:
1020:
990:
960:
935:
926:
280:
127:
842:
2414:
2256:
2156:
2079:
2059:
2054:
1994:
1704:
1699:
1691:
1676:
1588:
1580:
1488:
1386:
1355:
1267:
1222:
1197:
1138:
1091:
1025:
1015:
975:
210:
1608:
1309:
1283:
1183:
1148:
1086:
1065:
1050:
1096:
183:
709:
Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society
138:
in 1413 and took notes about the local customs. His book,
1797:
859:
182:
recorded the abundance of gunpowder-based weapons in
115:(1293), where the Chinese-Mongol troops used cannon (
235:
Bronze bedil tombak, age and specific place unknown.
756:
Pengkajian Nilai Budaya Naskah Babad Lombok jilid 1
1741:
822:(in Indonesian). Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan.
2579:
2075:Meylin M1719 Pennsylvania-Kentucky rifled musket
795:
355:Zeitschrift für historische Waffenkunde volume 4
2110:Xun Lei Chong spear five barrel revolver musket
198:, guns (cannons), and other fire-works. In the
863:Kajian nilai budaya dalam Geguritan Aji Dharma
626:殊域周咨錄 (Shuyu Zhouzilu) 第八卷真臘 (Volume 8 Chenla)
478:. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
1783:
889:
602:
514:"Teknologi Era Majapahit – Nusantara Review"
373:Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde
706:
1790:
1776:
896:
882:
447:
124:Java, but the dating may have been wrong.
738:
384:
815:
768:
753:
622:
369:"Oorsprong van het Maleisch Woord Bedil"
165:Small Javanese hand cannon, age unknown.
160:
94:
18:
739:Hasbullah, Wan Mohd Dasuki Wan (2020).
689:
560:
492:. Suluh Nuswantara Bakti. p. 317.
487:
410:
399:
351:Eine Chinesische Stangenbüchse von 1421
2580:
2197:Gunpowder artillery in the Middle Ages
2134:Artillery of France in the Middle Ages
1967:San Yan Chong three barrel hand cannon
914:
642:
2202:Gunpowder weapons in the Song dynasty
1771:
1730:
1568:
1433:
1080:Daggers (Belati) & knives (Pisau)
913:
877:
811:
809:
672:
603:Hesheng, Zheng; Yijun, Zheng (1980).
556:
554:
451:A History of Greek Fire and Gunpowder
1569:
1434:
799:Babad (sejarah) Lombok: Babad Mengui
443:
441:
439:
403:A Dictionary of the Malayan Language
366:
345:
343:
43:is a type of early firearm from the
16:Early firearm from Malay archipelago
2037:Girardoni M1780 repeating air rifle
719:
696:. The Hakluyt Society. p. 198.
690:Stanley, Henry Edward John (1866).
666:
468:
13:
806:
551:
360:
14:
2634:
925:Swords (Pedang) & cutlasses (
816:Suparman, Lalu Gde (1994-01-01).
481:
436:
340:
1420:
1414:
1408:
609:. 齐鲁书社 (Qilu Publishing House).
272:
260:
240:
228:
99:Majapahit-era hand cannons from
853:
836:
789:
762:
747:
732:
700:
683:
636:
616:
596:
530:
2562:Category:Early modern firearms
2070:Kalthoff M1630 repeating rifle
2041:Hartingk M1670 repeating rifle
506:
488:Nugroho, Irawan Djoko (2011).
423:
393:
1:
2608:15th-century military history
2027:Cookson M1750 repeating rifle
2007:Belton M1777 repeating musket
561:Manguin, Pierre-Yves (1976).
333:
247:Javan iron bedil tombak from
87:means spear, pike, or lance.
2153:Byzantine fire tube (cannon)
1731:
715:: 145–174 – via JSTOR.
649:. Rúshì wénhuà. p. 70.
62:
7:
2294:Medieval large calibre guns
1942:Nock M1779 seven barrel gun
1912:Huo Qiang lance hand cannon
769:Suparman, Lalu Gde (1994).
743:. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
673:Jones, John Winter (1863).
631:其國地廣人稠，甲兵火銃，為東洋諸番之雄。其俗尚氣好鬥。
490:Majapahit Peradaban Maritim
296:
10:
2639:
2032:M1696 French common musket
448:Partington, J. R. (1999).
221:
90:
2557:
2524:
2461:
2375:Byzantine rocket launcher
2355:
2293:
2149:Breech-loading swivel gun
2118:
1993:
1962:Puckle Μ1717 revolver gun
1837:
1809:
1737:
1726:
1690:
1637:
1579:
1575:
1564:
1525:
1487:
1444:
1440:
1429:
1406:
1364:
1348:
1302:
1276:
1177:
1079:
924:
920:
909:
796:Wiranom (raden.) (1814).
661:《海國廣記》記載,爪哇「甲兵火銃為東洋諸蕃之冠」。
643:Wenbin, Yan, ed. (2019).
400:Marsden, William (1812).
386:10.1163/22134379-90002058
367:Kern, H. (January 1902).
1985:Tu Huo Qiang hand cannon
1932:Meriam kecil hand cannon
1897:Heilongjiang hand cannon
1857:Bedil tumbak hand cannon
349:Feldhaus, F. M. (1897).
119:) against the forces of
2567:Category:Early firearms
2384:Fierce-fire Oil Cabinet
1749:Weapons of pencak silat
741:Senjata Api Alam Melayu
582:10.3406/arasi.1976.1103
518:www.nusantarareview.com
429:Lombard, Denys (1990).
134:'s translator) visited
113:Mongol invasion of Java
1971:Shou Chong hand cannon
1829:History of the firearm
1517:Miniature meriam kecil
754:Mintosih, Sri (1999).
623:Congjian, Yan (1583).
474:Reid, Anthony (1993).
283:), recovered from the
166:
108:
45:Indonesian archipelago
29:
2613:Indonesian inventions
2598:Firearms of Indonesia
2417:rocket arrow launcher
2411:rocket arrow launcher
2395:Fire crow rocket bomb
2022:Che Dian Chong musket
1907:Huo Chong hand cannon
1538:Bujang Timpang Berang
1365:Miscellaneous weapons
1303:Pole or spear weapons
200:1511 siege of Malacca
164:
98:
22:
2404:Hale rocket launcher
2095:Spanish M1752 musket
1975:Tanegashima arquebus
1877:English horse pistol
1819:History of gunpowder
729:. Hamburger Edition.
2423:(Chinese petroleum)
2314:Dardanelles bombard
2285:Wuwei Bronze Cannon
2237:Obusier de vaisseau
1742:Traditional weapons
2453:Thunder crash bomb
2100:Springfield musket
2017:Charleville musket
1917:Istinggar arquebus
1182:) & machetes (
915:Traditional weapon
679:. Hakluyt Society.
167:
109:
30:
2575:
2574:
2463:Firing mechanisms
2442:Petroleum naphtha
2347:Pumhart von Steyr
2310:Byzantine bombard
2212:Hu Dun Pao cannon
2012:Brown Bess musket
1765:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1722:
1721:
1718:
1717:
1560:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1404:
1403:
1400:
1399:
846:Hikayat Umar Maya
829:978-979-459-392-9
782:978-979-459-395-0
499:978-602-9346-00-8
461:978-0-8018-5954-0
406:. Cox and Baylis.
71:is a term in the
2630:
2623:Medieval weapons
2247:Pierrier a boite
1980:Toradar arquebus
1927:Jiaozhi arquebus
1852:Bajozutsu pistol
1792:
1785:
1778:
1769:
1768:
1739:
1738:
1728:
1727:
1577:
1576:
1570:Armor and outfit
1566:
1565:
1442:
1441:
1435:Gunpowder weapon
1431:
1430:
1424:
1418:
1412:
1349:Flexible weapons
1046:Piso Sanalenggam
996:Langgai Tinggang
922:
921:
911:
910:
898:
891:
884:
875:
874:
868:
867:
857:
851:
850:
840:
834:
833:
813:
804:
803:
802:(in Indonesian).
793:
787:
786:
766:
760:
759:
751:
745:
744:
736:
730:
723:
717:
716:
704:
698:
697:
687:
681:
680:
670:
664:
663:
640:
634:
633:
620:
614:
613:
600:
594:
593:
567:
558:
549:
542:The China Review
536:Mayers (1876). "
534:
528:
527:
525:
524:
510:
504:
503:
485:
479:
472:
466:
465:
445:
434:
427:
421:
414:
408:
407:
397:
391:
390:
388:
364:
358:
347:
276:
264:
244:
232:
213:example of such
2638:
2637:
2633:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2627:
2603:Weapons of Java
2578:
2577:
2576:
2571:
2553:
2520:
2457:
2427:Mysorean rocket
2379:Congreve rocket
2351:
2289:
2114:
1989:
1867:Combination gun
1833:
1805:
1803:thermal weapons
1796:
1766:
1753:
1733:
1714:
1686:
1633:
1624:Peurise Teumaga
1571:
1552:
1521:
1483:
1436:
1425:
1419:
1413:
1396:
1360:
1344:
1298:
1272:
1243:Parang Chandong
1173:
1075:
916:
905:
902:
872:
871:
858:
854:
841:
837:
830:
814:
807:
794:
790:
783:
767:
763:
752:
748:
737:
733:
724:
720:
705:
701:
688:
684:
671:
667:
657:
641:
637:
629:. p. 111.
621:
617:
601:
597:
570:Arts Asiatiques
565:
559:
552:
535:
531:
522:
520:
512:
511:
507:
500:
486:
482:
473:
469:
462:
446:
437:
428:
424:
415:
411:
398:
394:
365:
361:
348:
341:
336:
299:
292:
277:
268:
265:
256:
245:
236:
233:
224:
194:(hand cannon),
174:Shuyu zhouzi lu
93:
65:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2636:
2626:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2588:Early firearms
2573:
2572:
2570:
2569:
2564:
2558:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2549:Wujing Zongyao
2546:
2541:
2536:
2530:
2528:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2518:
2513:
2511:Snap matchlock
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2467:
2465:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2455:
2450:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2418:
2412:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2393:
2392:(rocket arrow)
2387:
2386:(flamethrower)
2381:
2376:
2373:
2366:
2364:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2349:
2344:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2308:
2303:
2297:
2295:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2125:
2123:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2090:Potzdam musket
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2050:Jazayer musket
2047:
2042:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2003:
2001:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1843:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1831:
1826:
1824:Historiography
1821:
1816:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1799:Early firearms
1795:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1772:
1763:
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1280:
1278:
1277:Impact weapons
1274:
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409:
392:
359:
338:
337:
335:
332:
331:
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
305:
303:Harpoon cannon
298:
295:
294:
293:
278:
271:
269:
266:
259:
257:
255:, age unknown.
246:
239:
237:
234:
227:
223:
220:
180:Duarte Barbosa
170:Haiguo Guangji
156:Emperor Yongle
150:(fire-tube or
141:Yingya Shenlan
92:
89:
64:
61:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2635:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
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2609:
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2601:
2599:
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2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
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2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2539:Jixiao Xinshu
2537:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2527:
2523:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2491:Miquelet lock
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2464:
2460:
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2377:
2374:
2371:
2368:
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2365:
2363:
2359:
2354:
2348:
2345:
2343:Orban bombard
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
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2255:
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2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2217:Korean cannon
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
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2147:
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2127:
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2117:
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2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2065:Kabyle musket
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2055:Jezail musket
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
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1968:
1965:
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1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1922:Java arquebus
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1902:Howdah pistol
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
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1875:
1873:
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1711:
1708:
1706:
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1701:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1689:
1683:
1682:Siping-siping
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1672:Karambalangan
1670:
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1533:Anak Makassar
1531:
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1524:
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1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1486:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1469:Java arquebus
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1432:
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1328:
1326:
1323:
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1318:
1316:
1315:Bambu runcing
1313:
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1061:Sikin Panyang
1059:
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686:
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677:
669:
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656:9789578784987
652:
648:
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632:
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619:
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583:
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477:
471:
463:
457:
454:. JHU Press.
453:
452:
444:
442:
440:
432:
426:
419:
413:
405:
404:
396:
387:
382:
378:
374:
370:
363:
356:
352:
346:
344:
339:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
318:Java arquebus
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
300:
290:
286:
285:Brantas River
282:
275:
270:
263:
258:
254:
250:
243:
238:
231:
226:
225:
219:
216:
212:
208:
203:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
175:
171:
163:
159:
157:
153:
149:
148:
143:
142:
137:
133:
129:
125:
122:
118:
114:
106:
102:
97:
88:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
60:
58:
54:
53:stangenbüchse
50:
46:
42:
41:
36:
35:
26:
23:Drawing of a
21:
2496:Muzzleloader
2471:Breechloader
2449:rocket arrow
2421:Meng Huo You
2372:rocket arrow
2362:incendiaries
2334:Grose Bochse
2280:Wankou Chong
1856:
1710:Takula tofao
1647:Baju Empurau
1459:Bedil tombak
1458:
1253:Parang Taawu
1248:Parang Latok
1218:Golok Rembau
1213:Golok Ciomas
1102:Keris bahari
1041:Piso Halasan
1031:Parang Nabur
951:Bara Sangihe
862:
855:
845:
838:
818:
798:
791:
772:Babad Lombok
771:
764:
755:
749:
740:
734:
726:
721:
712:
708:
702:
692:
685:
675:
668:
660:
645:
638:
630:
625:
618:
610:
605:
598:
573:
569:
545:
541:
532:
521:. Retrieved
517:
508:
489:
483:
475:
470:
450:
430:
425:
417:
412:
402:
395:
376:
372:
362:
354:
328:Bedil (term)
291:, East Java.
279:A bedil (or
214:
206:
204:
191:
190:(arquebus),
187:
178:
173:
169:
168:
145:
140:
126:
110:
84:
80:
68:
66:
52:
40:bedil tumbak
39:
38:
34:Bedil tombak
33:
32:
31:
2534:Huolongjing
2526:Literatures
2329:Faule Mette
2324:Faule Grete
2319:Dulle Griet
2182:Ekor lotong
2144:Baton a feu
2045:Jäger rifle
1937:Muff pistol
1892:Hand mortar
1887:Hand cannon
1862:Blunderbuss
1662:Baru Lema'a
1657:Baju Rantai
1652:Baju Lamina
1619:Peurise Awe
1502:Ekor lotong
1164:Tumbok Lada
819:Babad Sakra
576:: 233–268.
379:: 311–312.
172:(海国广记) and
152:hand cannon
2582:Categories
2437:Pen Huo Qi
2399:Greek fire
2390:Fire arrow
2275:Xanadu Gun
2262:Swivel gun
2252:Pot de fer
2192:Fauconneau
1882:Fire lance
1667:Baru Öröba
1639:Body armor
1604:Klebit Bok
1178:Choppers (
1134:Pisau raut
986:Krai Silai
523:2020-05-11
420:. 3: 1–11.
418:T'oung Pao
334:References
249:Majalengka
196:Greek fire
28:preserved.
2544:Wubei Zhi
2516:Wheellock
2501:Snaphance
2486:Matchlock
2481:Flintlock
2447:Singijeon
2270:Veuglaire
2266:Tarasnice
2242:Organ gun
2207:Hongyipao
2172:Chongtong
2162:Carronade
2121:artillery
2085:Musketoon
1952:Pepperbox
1464:Istinggar
1233:Kandawulo
1119:Pasatimpo
966:Dua Lalan
590:191565174
548:: p. 178.
323:Istinggar
313:Handgonne
253:West Java
188:spingarde
136:Majapahit
105:East Java
101:Mojokerto
67:The word
63:Etymology
2593:Polearms
2506:Snaplock
2339:Mons Meg
2187:Falconet
2177:Culverin
2139:Basilisk
2105:Wall gun
1947:Petronel
1847:Arquebus
1839:Firearms
1814:Timeline
1732:Category
1629:Salawaku
1594:Cakalele
1548:Si Jagur
1377:Kerambit
1129:Peurawot
941:Amanremu
308:Speargun
297:See also
192:schioppi
147:huochong
132:Zheng He
77:Javanese
49:pole gun
2476:Doglock
2432:Naphtha
2409:Huo Che
2370:Bo-hiya
2358:rockets
2306:Basilic
2301:Bombard
2222:Lantaka
2167:Cetbang
1999:muskets
1614:Kurabit
1543:Ki Amuk
1526:By name
1507:Lantaka
1497:Cetbang
1479:Terakul
1474:Pemuras
1446:Firearm
1382:Salukat
1372:Celurit
1340:Trisula
1330:Lembing
1320:Bessing
1263:Tangkin
1228:Kabeala
1154:Si Euli
1144:Rencong
1124:Palitai
1066:Sundang
1021:Pakayun
991:Ladieng
961:Co Jang
936:Alamang
927:Klewang
289:Jombang
281:cetbang
222:Gallery
128:Ma Huan
91:History
25:Chinese
2618:Cannon
2415:Hwacha
2356:Early
2257:Prangi
2232:Mortar
2157:Cannon
2119:Early
2080:Musket
2060:Jingal
1995:Rifles
1957:Pistol
1872:Dragon
1705:Paseki
1700:Katapu
1692:Helmet
1677:Kawaca
1589:Baluse
1581:Shield
1489:Cannon
1387:Sumpit
1356:Cambuk
1325:Kawali
1284:Cabang
1268:Wedung
1223:Jimpul
1198:Blakas
1180:Parang
1169:Wamilo
1139:Pisuwe
1114:Kujang
1107:Patrem
1092:Dohong
1026:Pandat
1016:Niabor
1006:Mandau
981:Jenawi
976:Hemola
956:Belida
946:Balato
826:
779:
653:
588:
496:
458:
211:Lombok
205:Local
121:Kediri
85:tumbak
81:tombak
57:German
1609:Kliau
1599:Kanta
1454:Bedil
1392:Tolor
1335:Pantu
1310:Arbir
1294:Indan
1193:Bendo
1184:Golok
1159:Tappi
1149:Sewar
1087:Badik
1071:Surik
1051:Rudus
1036:Penai
1001:Luwuk
586:S2CID
566:(PDF)
353:. In
215:babad
207:babad
117:炮—Pào
73:Malay
69:bedil
2360:and
2227:Lela
2129:Abus
1997:and
1801:and
1512:Lela
1289:Gada
1258:Peda
1238:Kudi
1208:Guma
1203:Buko
1097:Kris
1056:Rugi
1011:Moso
971:Gari
824:ISBN
777:ISBN
651:ISBN
494:ISBN
456:ISBN
184:Java
75:and
578:doi
540:".
381:doi
83:or
59:).
55:in
51:" (
37:or
2584::
808:^
713:26
711:.
659:.
584:.
574:32
572:.
568:.
553:^
546:IV
544:.
516:.
438:^
377:54
375:.
371:.
342:^
287:,
251:,
103:,
1791:e
1784:t
1777:v
1186:)
929:)
897:e
890:t
883:v
832:.
785:.
592:.
580::
526:.
502:.
464:.
389:.
383::
130:(
107:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
