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189:. Over 70 women used common household objects such as hatpins and frying pans to fight off 30 police officers intent on arresting two sisters, BĂ©atrice and Diane Desloges, for teaching in French in an Ottawa school. The battle was part of a cultural resistance movement that led to bilingual education being officially reinstated in 1927. Regulation 17 was apologized for by the Ontario government over 100 years later.
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struggle for recognition faced by Ottawa's
Francophones". As a result of the Battle of the Hatpins, the government abandoned efforts to prevent French-language teaching at Guigues. Bilingual schooling in Ontario was officially reinstated in 1927. On 22 February 2016, the Ontario government issued an official apology for its actions against French-language education.
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reported that "one officer had his eye blacked and another his thumb chewed" and a lawyer representing the government was "pelted with ice". The sisters, meanwhile, "were quietly spirited into their classrooms through a side window". Parents armed with makeshift weapons continued to guard the school
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The battle developed at École
Guigues of Ottawa, where the protests were led by sisters BĂ©atrice and Diane Desloges. In October 1915, the school board replaced the pair with English-speaking teachers, and the Desloges instead began teaching secretly elsewhere in the community. The unsuitability of
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This protest is said to have "inspired people across
Ontario to fight for French-language education". Canadian archivist Michel Prévost suggested that this protest represented "a movement dominated by women" which was rare given their marginalization at the time, as well as "part of a constant
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and other household items who prevented their entrance. The
Desloges sisters, dubbed the "Guardians of Guigues", instructed in French inside the school, disregarding an order forbidding them from entering the grounds. Franco-Ontarian newspaper
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The stated rationale for
Regulation 17 was to ensure quality English-language instruction, but it was perceived as a xenophobic reaction to the arrival of a significant number of French speakers from neighbouring
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who wanted to have their children continue learning in their own language. Teachers in "écoles de la résistance" (literally "schools of the resistance") defied the government and continued to teach in French.
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these spaces for instruction in winter prompted parents to invite the
Desloges back to the school to teach in January 1916. The school was then ordered shut down by the provincial government.
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When education officials, accompanied by police, arrived at the school to implement the shutdown order, they encountered 70 local women, mothers of children at the school, armed with
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185:. First passed in 1912 and more strictly enforced beginning in 1915–1916, the regulation restricted French-language education in the province of
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announced that "les demoiselles
Desloges ont repris possession de leurs classes" (the Desloges ladies have retaken possession of their classes).
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Three days later, 30 policemen with clubs forced open the door and were met by women who "fought back with rolling pins, cast-iron
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in the provincial legislature to officially proclaim 29 January as "Battle of the
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for several weeks and protest marches were held objecting to the policy.
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The guardians of École
Guigues in 1916, including the Desloges sisters
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Robert Craig Brown; Ramsay Cook (2016). "The Clash of
Nationalisms".
508:. Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages. 9 December 2016.
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549:"Ontario apologizes for 1912 regulation banning French in schools"
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389:"The Capital Builders: One language, two sisters, many hatpins"
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479:"Il y a 100 ans, la bataille des Ă©pingles Ă chapeaux"
413:"Les 100 ans de la bataille des Ă©pingles Ă chapeaux"
353:"Women's history: Franco-Ontario's 'Hatpin Girls'"
181:, Ontario, Canada, over the effects of provincial
506:"The Battle of the Hatpins breaks out in Ontario"
338:"Why Ontario once tried to ban French in schools"
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567:"Bill 164, Battle of the Hatpins Day Act, 2016"
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436:. Virtual Museum of Franco-Ontarian Heritage.
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239:and drove the police officers away". The
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177:) was a 1916 protest that occurred in
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415:. Groupe MĂ©dia TFO. 2 February 2016.
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569:. Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
477:Justine Mercier (29 January 2016).
312:. McGill-Queen's Press. p. 7.
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287:"Bataille des Ă©pingles Ă chapeaux"
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351:Chantal Sundaram (5 March 2016).
336:Daniel Kitts (25 February 2016).
113:Occupation and garrison of school
387:Patrick Butler (12 March 2017).
310:Prayers, Petitions, and Protests
175:Bataille des Ă©pingles Ă chapeaux
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434:"Les soeurs Desloges"
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193:Background
99:Repeal of
65:75°41′29″W
62:45°25′51″N
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571:Archived
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510:Archived
489:Archived
484:Le Droit
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187:Ontario
118:Parties
110:Methods
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340:. TVO.
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200:Quebec
179:Ottawa
143:Number
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90:Goals
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
