114:
121:
1745:. His victories ended the Juthungi invasion, but the Roman citizenry were shocked by the great threat that Rome itself had faced after the loss near Placentia. However, the menace of the Germanic people and a Germanic invasion was still perceived by the Romans as likely. In response, Aurelian resolved to build a new system of walls around
511:
383:
1705:. The Juthungi then asked for peace but Aurelian rejected their demand for safe passage. Trying to force their way back to their homelands, they headed north using the
254:
504:
376:
1887:
497:
369:
247:
1877:
1187:
113:
1709:. Aurelian wanted a decisive victory in order to restore his damaged reputation after the loss at Placentia as well as to recover the
240:
1892:
1897:
1872:
55:
1084:
1848:
1810:
1214:
1713:
the
Juthungi were carrying. Therefore, he went in pursuit of the invaders, waiting for the best moment to attack.
1337:
1907:
1196:
856:
874:
1917:
1387:
1031:
1022:
1013:
521:
94:
959:
1540:
350:
1694:
1464:
1237:
797:
423:
306:
1102:
616:
591:
1867:
1725:(Pavia). He was able to destroy their entire force, except for a column that escaped through the
1287:
847:
1351:
1328:
1093:
986:
941:
793:
554:
478:
453:
418:
289:
1253:
950:
721:
648:
361:
1668:
1491:
1178:
1049:
883:
783:
730:
473:
468:
443:
413:
328:
8:
932:
1659:
1133:
998:
912:
900:
829:
438:
1912:
1844:
1806:
1612:
1599:
1552:
1518:
1417:
1342:
1308:
892:
820:
698:
689:
671:
625:
545:
458:
294:
1573:
1369:
1061:
567:
463:
1636:
1509:
1500:
1111:
865:
710:
535:
338:
333:
1882:
1802:
1750:
1702:
1473:
1378:
448:
428:
311:
489:
1861:
1721:
Aurelian attacked the
Juthungi while they were entering the open plains near
1124:
680:
219:
101:
70:
57:
37:
1902:
1455:
393:
202:
1799:
The
Cambridge Ancient History, vol 12, The Crisis of Empire, A.D. 193-337
1706:
1690:
1446:
1433:
766:
660:
282:
33:
1442:
1151:
975:
757:
748:
739:
607:
232:
1527:
1319:
1073:
1002:
923:
603:
580:
278:
1603:
1406:
1360:
1296:
1262:
1142:
639:
635:
401:
397:
265:
222:
207:
44:
40:
1722:
1710:
1648:
1278:
1169:
1160:
158:
25:
1730:
896:
809:
1729:. However, this remnant force was later caught by Aurelian in
391:
1624:
838:
166:
162:
29:
1816:
1746:
1726:
1698:
1753:. Portions of this wall can still be seen in Rome today.
1741:
For the victory, Aurelian assumed the title of honour
1697:
but, on their way to attack the defenseless city of
1046:
Invasion of the
Alemanni (258–260 approx)
1701:, they were repulsed by the imperial army at the
1859:
50:Battle during Juthungian invasion of Italy (271)
519:
505:
377:
248:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1188:Usurpation of Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi
512:
498:
384:
370:
255:
241:
1888:Battles involving early Germanic peoples
186:End of the Juthungian invasions of Italy
1775:
1763:
1693:. They defeated Aurelian's army at the
1230:Postumus' Campaign against the Alamanni
262:
1860:
1838:
1822:
1786:
1769:
1805:), Cambridge University Press, 2005,
1223:Postumus' Campaign against the Franks
493:
365:
236:
1801:(ed. Alan K. Bowman, Peter Garnsey,
13:
1878:Battles involving the Roman Empire
1179:Usurpation of Valens Thessalonicus
14:
1929:
1660:Usurpation of Julian of Pannonia
1215:Usurpation of Mussius Aemilianus
1058:Scythian invasion (259–260)
119:
112:
1832:
1613:Usurpation of Julius Saturninus
1418:Usurpation of Victorinus Junior
1329:Reign of Marcus Aurelius Marius
1893:Battles involving the Alemanni
1841:Aurelian and the Third Century
1792:
1297:Usurpation of Acilius Aureolus
1040:Gothic invasion (256–257)
1:
1756:
1689:In 271, the Juthungi invaded
1684:
1197:Usurpation of Macrianus Minor
1143:Roxolani Invasion of Pannonia
1112:Usurpation of Macrianus Major
1043:Invasion of Shapur (258)
133:Battle of Pavia (271) (Italy)
120:
98:Juthungian invasions of Italy
1898:Military history of Lombardy
1736:
884:Usurpation of Julius Priscus
7:
1873:Crisis of the Third Century
1388:Palmyrene invasion of Egypt
1254:Assassination of Odaenathus
523:Crisis of the Third Century
95:Crisis of the Third Century
10:
1934:
796:and death of Philip &
546:Death of Alexander Severus
43:destroying the retreating
1749:that became known as the
1716:
1456:Rebellion of Felicissimus
767:Usurpation of Silbannacus
531:
409:
273:
213:
196:
141:
107:
92:
87:
1839:Watson, Alaric (2004) .
1103:Usurpation of Regalianus
839:Gothic invasion of Cniva
758:Usurpation of Jotapianus
749:Usurpation of Pacatianus
740:Usurpation of Sponsianus
592:Year of the Six Emperors
1635:Carus' invasion of the
1528:Usurpation of Faustinus
1320:Usurpation of Laelianus
1152:Campaigns of Odaenathus
848:Carpi invasion of Dacia
581:Usurpation of Quartinus
24:was fought in 271 near
1825:, pp. 51–54, 217.
1338:Augustodunum Haeduorum
1263:Usurpation of Maeonius
1094:Usurpation of Ingenuus
214:Commanders and leaders
36:, and resulted in the
1170:Usurpation of Balista
1161:Usurpation of Quietus
722:Invasion of the Carpi
649:Invasion of the Carpi
1908:3rd century in Italy
1733:and was eliminated.
731:Secular Games of 248
568:Usurpation of Magnus
1695:Battle of Placentia
1206:Pannonian Rebellion
857:Nicopolis ad Istrum
102:Roman–Germanic Wars
67: /
1918:Invasions of Italy
1743:Germanicus Maximus
1591:Sarmatian Invasion
1426:Junthungi Invasion
1134:Death of Saloninus
924:Death of Hostilian
913:Trebonianus Gallus
830:Decian persecution
617:Battle of Carthage
71:45.183333°N 9.15°E
1681:
1680:
1519:Razing of Palmyra
1361:Capture of Athens
1309:Claudius Gothicus
1271:Scythian Invasion
1246:Scythian Invasion
821:Plague of Cyprian
784:Decius' Rebellion
672:Sabinianus Revolt
626:Siege of Aquileia
487:
486:
359:
358:
231:
230:
192:
191:
22:Battle of Ticinum
1925:
1854:
1826:
1820:
1814:
1796:
1790:
1784:
1773:
1767:
1673:
1664:
1653:
1641:
1629:
1617:
1608:
1594:
1587:
1578:
1566:
1557:
1545:
1536:
1532:
1523:
1514:
1505:
1496:
1487:
1478:
1469:
1460:
1451:
1438:
1429:
1422:
1411:
1399:
1392:
1383:
1374:
1370:Palmyrene Empire
1365:
1356:
1347:
1333:
1324:
1313:
1301:
1292:
1283:
1274:
1267:
1258:
1249:
1242:
1233:
1226:
1219:
1209:
1201:
1192:
1183:
1174:
1165:
1156:
1147:
1138:
1129:
1120:
1116:
1107:
1098:
1089:
1078:
1066:
1054:
1036:
1027:
1018:
1007:
991:
980:
968:
964:
960:Interamna Nahars
955:
946:
937:
933:Mariades' Revolt
928:
917:
905:
888:
879:
870:
861:
852:
843:
834:
825:
814:
802:
788:
779:
775:
771:
762:
753:
744:
735:
726:
715:
703:
694:
685:
676:
665:
653:
644:
630:
621:
612:
596:
585:
576:
572:
563:
559:
550:
540:
526:
524:
514:
507:
500:
491:
490:
404:
386:
379:
372:
363:
362:
301:Italian Campaign
268:
257:
250:
243:
234:
233:
143:
142:
123:
122:
116:
85:
84:
82:
81:
79:
78:
77:
72:
68:
65:
64:
63:
60:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1923:
1922:
1858:
1857:
1851:
1835:
1830:
1829:
1821:
1817:
1797:
1793:
1785:
1776:
1768:
1764:
1759:
1739:
1719:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1671:
1662:
1651:
1639:
1637:Sasanian Empire
1627:
1615:
1606:
1592:
1585:
1584:Vandal Invasion
1576:
1564:
1563:Gothic Invasion
1555:
1543:
1534:
1530:
1521:
1512:
1503:
1494:
1485:
1476:
1467:
1458:
1449:
1436:
1427:
1420:
1409:
1397:
1396:Vandal Invasion
1390:
1381:
1372:
1363:
1354:
1345:
1331:
1322:
1311:
1299:
1290:
1281:
1272:
1265:
1256:
1247:
1240:
1231:
1224:
1217:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1190:
1181:
1172:
1163:
1154:
1145:
1136:
1127:
1118:
1114:
1105:
1096:
1087:
1076:
1064:
1052:
1034:
1025:
1016:
1005:
989:
978:
966:
962:
953:
944:
935:
926:
915:
903:
886:
877:
868:
859:
850:
841:
832:
823:
812:
800:
792:
786:
777:
773:
769:
760:
751:
742:
733:
724:
713:
711:Philip the Arab
701:
692:
683:
674:
663:
651:
642:
628:
619:
610:
594:
583:
574:
570:
561:
557:
548:
538:
536:Maximinus Thrax
527:
522:
520:
518:
488:
483:
405:
392:
390:
360:
355:
345:Gallic Campaign
269:
263:
261:
183:
169:
137:
136:
135:
134:
131:
130:
129:
128:
124:
99:
97:
88:Battle of Pavia
76:45.183333; 9.15
75:
73:
69:
66:
61:
58:
56:
54:
53:
51:
18:Battle of Pavia
12:
11:
5:
1931:
1921:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1868:270s conflicts
1856:
1855:
1849:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1827:
1815:
1803:Averil Cameron
1791:
1774:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1751:Aurelian Walls
1738:
1735:
1718:
1715:
1703:Battle of Fano
1686:
1683:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1675:
1666:
1644:
1643:
1620:
1619:
1610:
1598:Usurpation of
1596:
1589:
1569:
1568:
1548:
1547:
1538:
1525:
1516:
1507:
1498:
1489:
1480:
1471:
1462:
1453:
1440:
1431:
1424:
1402:
1401:
1394:
1385:
1376:
1367:
1358:
1349:
1340:
1335:
1326:
1304:
1303:
1294:
1285:
1276:
1269:
1260:
1251:
1244:
1235:
1228:
1221:
1212:
1204:
1194:
1185:
1176:
1167:
1158:
1149:
1140:
1131:
1122:
1109:
1100:
1091:
1069:
1068:
1059:
1056:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1029:
1020:
994:
993:
971:
970:
957:
948:
939:
930:
908:
907:
890:
881:
872:
863:
854:
845:
836:
827:
805:
804:
790:
781:
764:
755:
746:
737:
728:
706:
705:
696:
687:
678:
656:
655:
646:
632:
623:
614:
588:
587:
578:
565:
552:
532:
529:
528:
517:
516:
509:
502:
494:
485:
484:
482:
481:
476:
471:
466:
461:
456:
451:
446:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
410:
407:
406:
389:
388:
381:
374:
366:
357:
356:
354:
353:
347:
346:
342:
341:
336:
331:
325:
324:
320:
319:
314:
309:
303:
302:
298:
297:
292:
286:
285:
274:
271:
270:
260:
259:
252:
245:
237:
229:
228:
225:
216:
215:
211:
210:
205:
199:
198:
194:
193:
190:
189:
188:
187:
182:
181:
177:
175:
171:
170:
157:
155:
151:
150:
147:
139:
138:
132:
126:
125:
118:
117:
111:
110:
109:
108:
105:
104:
90:
89:
49:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1930:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1852:
1850:0-415-10057-7
1846:
1843:. Routledge.
1842:
1837:
1836:
1824:
1819:
1812:
1811:0-521-30199-8
1808:
1804:
1800:
1795:
1788:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1771:
1766:
1762:
1754:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1734:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1714:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1670:
1667:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1655:
1650:
1638:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1631:
1626:
1614:
1611:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1590:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1559:
1554:
1542:
1539:
1529:
1526:
1520:
1517:
1511:
1508:
1502:
1499:
1493:
1490:
1484:
1481:
1475:
1472:
1466:
1463:
1457:
1454:
1448:
1444:
1441:
1435:
1432:
1425:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1408:
1395:
1389:
1386:
1380:
1377:
1371:
1368:
1362:
1359:
1353:
1350:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1330:
1327:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1310:
1298:
1295:
1289:
1286:
1280:
1277:
1270:
1264:
1261:
1255:
1252:
1245:
1239:
1236:
1229:
1222:
1216:
1213:
1205:
1198:
1195:
1189:
1186:
1180:
1177:
1171:
1168:
1162:
1159:
1153:
1150:
1144:
1141:
1135:
1132:
1126:
1125:Gallic Empire
1123:
1113:
1110:
1104:
1101:
1095:
1092:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1081:
1080:
1075:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1033:
1030:
1024:
1021:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1010:
1009:
1004:
1000:
988:
985:
984:
983:
982:
977:
961:
958:
952:
949:
943:
940:
934:
931:
925:
922:
921:
920:
919:
914:
902:
898:
895:and death of
894:
891:
885:
882:
876:
875:Philippopolis
873:
867:
864:
858:
855:
849:
846:
840:
837:
831:
828:
822:
819:
818:
817:
816:
811:
799:
795:
791:
785:
782:
768:
765:
759:
756:
750:
747:
741:
738:
732:
729:
723:
720:
719:
718:
717:
712:
700:
697:
691:
688:
682:
681:Fall of Hatra
679:
673:
670:
669:
668:
667:
662:
650:
647:
641:
637:
633:
627:
624:
618:
615:
609:
605:
601:
600:
599:
598:
593:
582:
579:
569:
566:
556:
553:
547:
544:
543:
542:
537:
530:
525:
515:
510:
508:
503:
501:
496:
495:
492:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
455:
452:
450:
447:
445:
442:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
411:
408:
403:
399:
395:
387:
382:
380:
375:
373:
368:
367:
364:
352:
349:
348:
344:
343:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
326:
323:Palmyrene War
322:
321:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
304:
300:
299:
296:
293:
291:
288:
287:
284:
280:
276:
275:
272:
267:
258:
253:
251:
246:
244:
239:
238:
235:
226:
224:
221:
218:
217:
212:
209:
206:
204:
201:
200:
195:
185:
184:
180:Roman victory
179:
178:
176:
173:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
153:
152:
148:
145:
144:
140:
115:
106:
103:
96:
91:
86:
83:
80:
48:
46:
42:
39:
35:
31:
27:
23:
19:
1840:
1833:Bibliography
1818:
1798:
1794:
1789:, p. 52
1772:, p. 51
1765:
1742:
1740:
1720:
1688:
1646:
1645:
1622:
1621:
1571:
1570:
1550:
1549:
1482:
1404:
1403:
1357:(268 or 269)
1352:Lake Benacus
1306:
1305:
1279:Heruli Raids
1071:
1070:
1032:Dura-Europos
1014:Thessalonica
996:
995:
973:
972:
910:
909:
807:
806:
708:
707:
658:
657:
590:
589:
533:
479:Argentovaria
454:Durocortorum
433:
419:Lake Benacus
396:against the
316:
290:Lake Benacus
203:Roman Empire
197:Belligerents
93:Part of the
52:
21:
17:
15:
1823:Watson 2004
1787:Watson 2004
1770:Watson 2004
1707:Via Aemilia
1691:Roman Italy
1447:Tetricus II
1434:Domitian II
1023:Thermopylae
951:Barbalissos
661:Gordian III
283:Claudius II
264:Battles of
74: /
1862:Categories
1757:References
1685:Background
1443:Tetricus I
1050:Mediolanum
976:Aemilianus
608:Gordian II
602:Revolt of
474:Solicinium
469:Strasbourg
444:Vindonissa
414:Mediolanum
59:45°11′00″N
45:Juthungian
1813:, p. 223.
1737:Aftermath
1665:(284-285)
1654:(283-285)
1647:Reign of
1630:(282-283)
1623:Reign of
1588:(276-278)
1579:(276-282)
1572:Reign of
1567:(276-277)
1558:(275-276)
1551:Reign of
1465:Placentia
1452:(271–274)
1412:(270–275)
1405:Reign of
1375:(270–273)
1348:(268/269)
1314:(268–270)
1307:Reign of
1275:(267–269)
1268:(266–267)
1250:(265–266)
1238:Ctesiphon
1220:(261–262)
1157:(260–267)
1130:(260–274)
1079:(260–268)
1074:Gallienus
1072:Reign of
1008:(253–260)
1003:Gallienus
997:Reign of
974:Reign of
918:(251–253)
911:Reign of
844:(250–251)
835:(250–251)
826:(250–270)
815:(249–251)
808:Reign of
798:Philip II
727:(245–247)
716:(244–249)
709:Reign of
666:(238–244)
659:Reign of
654:(238–239)
634:Reign of
604:Gordian I
541:(235–238)
534:Reign of
424:Placentia
307:Placentia
279:Gallienus
62:9°09′00″E
1913:Aurelian
1604:Proculus
1407:Aurelian
1121:259–261)
1085:Caesarea
999:Valerian
901:Etruscus
640:Balbinus
636:Pupienus
555:Harzhorn
439:Lingones
402:Juthungi
400:and the
398:Alemanni
266:Aurelian
223:Aurelian
208:Juthungi
154:Location
41:Aurelian
1723:Ticinum
1711:plunder
1649:Carinus
1600:Bonosus
1553:Tacitus
1541:Châlons
1343:Naissus
987:Antioch
942:Nisibis
893:Abritus
699:Misiche
690:Resaena
464:Senonae
459:Brumath
351:Châlons
295:Naissus
227:Unknown
220:Emperor
159:Ticinum
38:Emperor
26:Ticinum
1847:
1809:
1731:Raetia
1717:Battle
1672:
1669:Margum
1663:
1652:
1640:
1628:
1616:
1607:
1602:&
1593:
1586:
1577:
1574:Probus
1565:
1556:
1544:
1535:
1531:
1522:
1513:
1504:
1495:
1486:
1477:
1468:
1461:(270s)
1459:
1450:
1445:&
1437:
1428:
1421:
1410:
1398:
1391:
1382:
1379:Bostra
1373:
1364:
1355:
1346:
1332:
1323:
1312:
1300:
1291:
1288:Athens
1282:
1273:
1266:
1257:
1248:
1241:
1232:
1225:
1218:
1208:
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1155:
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1137:
1128:
1119:
1115:
1106:
1097:
1088:
1077:
1065:
1062:Edessa
1053:
1035:
1026:
1017:
1006:
990:
979:
967:
963:
954:
945:
936:
927:
916:
904:
897:Decius
887:
878:
869:
860:
851:
842:
833:
824:
813:
810:Decius
801:
794:Verona
787:
778:
774:
770:
761:
752:
745:(240s)
743:
734:
725:
714:
702:
693:
684:
675:
664:
652:
643:
638:&
629:
620:
611:
606:&
595:
584:
575:
571:
562:
558:
549:
539:
277:Under
174:Result
47:army.
1883:Pavia
1674:(285)
1642:(283)
1625:Carus
1618:(280)
1609:(280)
1595:(278)
1546:(274)
1524:(273)
1515:(272)
1510:Emesa
1506:(272)
1501:Immae
1497:(272)
1492:Tyana
1488:(271)
1483:Pavia
1479:(271)
1470:(271)
1439:(271)
1430:(271)
1423:(271)
1400:(270)
1393:(270)
1384:(270)
1366:(269)
1334:(269)
1325:(269)
1302:(268)
1293:(267)
1284:(267)
1259:(267)
1243:(263)
1234:(263)
1227:(262)
1210:(261)
1202:(261)
1193:(261)
1184:(261)
1175:(261)
1166:(261)
1148:(260)
1139:(260)
1108:(260)
1099:(260)
1090:(260)
1067:(260)
1055:(259)
1037:(256)
1028:(254)
1019:(254)
992:(253)
981:(253)
956:(253)
947:(252)
938:(252)
929:(251)
906:(251)
889:(251)
880:(250)
871:(250)
866:Beroe
862:(250)
853:(250)
803:(249)
789:(249)
763:(249)
754:(248)
736:(248)
704:(244)
695:(243)
686:(241)
677:(240)
645:(238)
631:(238)
622:(238)
613:(238)
597:(238)
586:(235)
551:(235)
449:Autun
434:Pavia
339:Emesa
334:Immae
329:Tyana
317:Pavia
167:Italy
163:Pavia
127:Pavia
34:Italy
32:) in
30:Pavia
1845:ISBN
1807:ISBN
1747:Rome
1727:Alps
1699:Rome
1537:273)
1474:Fano
1001:and
969:253)
899:and
780:253)
772:(249
577:235)
564:235)
429:Fano
394:Rome
312:Fano
281:and
146:Date
100:and
16:The
1903:271
1533:(c.
1117:(c.
573:(c.
560:(c.
149:271
20:or
1864::
1777:^
965:(c
776:or
165:,
161:,
1853:.
513:e
506:t
499:v
385:e
378:t
371:v
256:e
249:t
242:v
28:(
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