Battle of Kasserine Pass

1442: 1407:, a tank destroyer battalion and a battery of French artillery. On the hills to their west was French General Welvert's Task Force Welvert comprising a U.S. Ranger and infantry battalion, three French infantry battalions, two U.S. field artillery battalions, four French artillery batteries and engineer and anti-aircraft detachments. Furthest west was Task Force Bowen (consisting of the 3rd Battalion of the 26th Regimental Combat Team), blocking the track from Feriana towards Tebessa. Between Task Force Bowen and Tebessa to the north was the regrouping 1st Armored Division although only Combat Command B was fit for combat. The positions in the pass had been placed under Colonel Alexander Stark, commander of the 26th RCT, on the night of February 18 and the command named Stark Force. 1626: 1587:

had failed to make a decisive break in the Allied line. With little prospect of further success, Rommel judged that it would be wiser to break off to concentrate in South Tunisia and strike a blow at the Eighth Army, catching them off balance while still assembling its forces. He at least had the consolation that he had inflicted heavy losses on his enemy and that the Allied concentrations in the Gafsa – Sbeitla area had been destroyed. At a meeting at Rommel's Kasserine HQ on February 23, Kesselring and his Chief of Staff Siegfried Westphal tried to change Rommel's mind, arguing that there were still possibilities for success. Rommel was adamant; Kesselring finally agreed and formal orders from the

214: 302: 259: 248: 141: 270: 179: 1291:, as he believed Gafsa should not be defended against a large attack. The next day, because of the threat to the southern flank, Anderson obtained Eisenhower's agreement and ordered a withdrawal from the Eastern Dorsale, to the line of the Western Dorsale from Feriana northwards. Early on February 17, Fredendall ordered a withdrawal from Sbeitla and Feriana. The U.S. II Corps was able to concentrate at the Kasserine and Sbiba Passes, on the western arm of the mountains. U.S. casualties were 2,546 men, 103 tanks, 280 vehicles, 18 field guns, three anti-tank guns and an 193: 236: 1514: 326: 165: 1564:, who had been sent by Eisenhower to report on the battle and the Allied command, instructed the 9th divisional artillery to stay behind. On the morning of February 22 an intense artillery barrage from the massed Allied guns forestalled the resumption of the 10th Panzer Division attack, destroying armor and vehicles and disrupting communications. Broich, the battle group commander, decided to pause and regroup but Allied reinforcements continued to arrive. Under constant fire, 10th Panzer waited until dark to retire from the battlefield. 1388: 6561: 1573: 225: 1044:

the U.S. 1st Armored Division. British forces were also driven back, losing all eleven of their tanks in the process. After the initial reversal, Allied reinforcements with strong artillery support stopped the Axis advance, and an American counterattack recaptured the mountain passes in western Tunisia, defeating the Axis offensive. The Axis force was overextended and pinned down by the Allied artillery. Facing counterattacks and airstrikes, they withdrew from the Kasserine Pass by 24 February.

153: 1192: 1332: 1115: 1739:. Bradley was appointed assistant corps commander and moved up to command of II Corps when Patton returned to planning for Sicily. Fredendall was reassigned to the United States and several other commanders were removed or promoted out of the way. Patton was not known for hesitancy and did not bother to request permission when taking action to support his command or other units requesting assistance. During the advance from 45: 1264:(Italian High Command in Rome) to attack with two battlegroups, including detachments from the 5th Panzer Army, toward two U.S. supply bases just to the west of the western arm of the mountains in Algeria. A quick thrust could capture the supplies and disrupt a U.S. attempt to concentrate forces near Tebessa. Arnim objected and the attack was delayed for a week until agreement was reached to mount Operation 1538:

the north until by dark, the force held the German attacks just south of the town. The divisional artillery (48 guns) of the 9th Infantry Division and anti-tank platoons, that had moved from Morocco on February 17, 800 mi (1,300 km) west, dug in that night. Next day, the front was held mostly by British infantry, with exceptionally strong backing by unified U.S. and British artillery, under

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position, losing the regimental commander Colonel Bonfatti in the process. This action cracked open the Allied defenses, opening the road to Thala and Tebessa. By midday the accompanying combined Axis armored units poured through the pass routing U.S. forces with the 1st Armored Division into one of the worst U.S. defeats of the Tunisian Campaign. The Italian regiment was complimented by General

1743:, Alexander, the 18th Army Group commander, had given detailed orders to Patton, afterwards changing II Corps' mission several times. Once beyond Maknassy, Alexander again gave orders Patton considered excessively detailed. From then on, Patton simply ignored those parts of mission orders he considered ill-advised on grounds of military expediency and/or a rapidly evolving tactical situation. 1137:-sized Allied force could be supplied and due to the excellent defensive terrain, small numbers of German and Italian troops were sufficient to defeat the attempt. The Allied build-up continued, more aircraft became available and new airfields in eastern Algeria and Tunisia were built. The Allies reduced the flow of Axis troops and equipment into Tunis and 1379:. There were also three U.S. Field Artillery battalions, elements of two British anti-tank regiments and some French detachments. The Germans made little progress against the combined firepower of the defending force which had also laid minefields. The 21st Panzer Division was checked and then driven back by February 20. 1640:

their inexperience, losing sight of the broader picture. Rommel was later impressed with how quickly U.S. commanders came to understand and implement mobile warfare and also praised U.S. equipment: "British experience has been put to good use in American equipment". Of particular interest to the Germans was the sturdy

1279:, about 10 mi (16 km) west of Faïd, in the interior plain of the Atlas Mountains. The U.S. tanks were defeated and the infantry, poorly sited on three hills and unable to give mutual support, was isolated. A counterattack the next day was easily repulsed and on February 16 the Germans advanced towards 1323:

appalled; the plan dispersed Axis forces and, through the passes, would expose their flanks. A concentrated attack on Tébessa, while entailing some risk, could yield badly needed supplies, destroy Allied potential for operations into central Tunisia and capture the airfield at Youks-les-Bains, west of Tébessa.

1430:) had been assembling at Thala and Brigadier Dunphie, making forward reconnaissance, decided to intervene. The First Army headquarters restricted him to sending Gore Force, a small combined-arms group of a company of infantry, a squadron of 11 tanks, an artillery battery and an anti-tank troop. Brigadier 1648:

positions, bunching in groups when in open view of enemy artillery observers, and positioning units on topographic crests, where their silhouettes made them perfect targets. Too many soldiers, exasperated by the rocky soil of Tunisia, were still digging shallow slit trenches instead of deep foxholes.

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The Allies studied the results equally seriously. Positioned by senior commanders who had not personally reconnoitered the ground, U.S. forces were often located too far from each other for mutual support. It was also noted that U.S. soldiers tended to become careless about digging in, exposing their

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Rommel had hoped to take advantage of the inexperience of the new Allied commanders but was opposed by Arnim who, wanting to conserve strength in his sector, ignored Kesselring's orders and withheld the attached heavy tank unit of 10th Panzer. Rommel felt that most U.S. units and commanders had shown

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Assault Group began moving along the Hatab River valley towards Haidra and Tebessa in the early afternoon of February 21 and advanced until they met defenders consisting of the U.S. 16th Infantry Regiment, 1st Infantry Division and Combat Command B of the U.S. 1st Armored Division at Djebel el Hamra.

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Division launched their attack towards Tebessa and continued it during the afternoon. On February 20 during the opening attack on key American positions of the town of Djebel, the 5th Bersaglieri Regiment made a frontal assault on U.S. positions that lasted most of the morning and finally carried the

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An attempt to surprise the Kasserine defenses by the 33rd Reconnaissance Unit into the pass failed and a battalion of Panzer grenadiers was ordered into the floor of the pass and another onto Djebel Semmama, the hill on its eastern flank and slow progress was made against artillery fire. The tanks of

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Materiel losses of the US II Corps were 183 tanks, 104 half-tracks, 208 guns and 512 trucks and motor vehicles were lost, some of them captured by the Germans. The Allies also lost supplies and fuel, since over 215 m (57,000 US gal) of gasoline and lubricants were seized along with 45

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American losses totalled 300 killed, 3,000 wounded, and 3,000 missing. Losses were so high that an additional 7,000 replacements were needed to recover units to their original strength. The French losses on the 34th Division totalled 50 killed, 200 wounded and 250 missing. Regarding Allied personnel

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in Rome were issued that evening calling off the offensive and directing all Axis units to return to their start positions. On February 23 a massive American air attack on the pass hastened the German retreat and by late February 24 the pass had been reoccupied, Feriana was in Allied hands; Sidi Bou

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Overextended and with supplies dwindling, pinned down by the Allied artillery in the pass in front of Thala and now facing U.S. counterattacks along the Hatab River, Rommel realized his strength was spent. At Sbiba, along the Hatab River and now at Thala, the efforts of the German and Italian forces

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At this point, there was some argument in the Axis camp about what to do next; all of Tunisia was under Axis control, and there was little to do until the Eighth Army arrived at Mareth. Rommel decided to attack through the Kasserine Pass into the main force of the U.S. II Corps at Tébessa to capture

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Rommel did not consider the Eighth Army a serious threat because, until Tripoli was open, Montgomery could maintain only a small force in south Tunisia. Ships commenced unloading on February 9 but the port was not fully operational until the end of the month. Rommel made a proposal in early February

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to the north would be cut off and Combat Command B of the 1st Armored Division would be trapped between the 10th Panzer Division and its supporting units moving north along the second road to Tebessa. The combined force fought a costly delaying action in front of Thala, retreating ridge by ridge to

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Division advanced along Highway 13 and overran the 19th Combat Engineer Regiment. The U.S. survivors made a disorganized retreat up the western exit from the pass to Djebel el Hamra, where Combat Command B of the 1st Armored Division was arriving. On the exit to Thala, Gore Force slowly leapfrogged

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in India. Allied commanders were given greater scope for initiative and to keep forces concentrated. They were also urged to lead their units from the front and to keep command posts well forward, unlike Fredendall who had rarely visited the front line. (Ward was sent home, where he trained troops

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s agreement to a revised plan. He was to have 10th and 21st Panzer Divisions transferred from Arnim's 5th Panzer Army to his command and attack through the Kasserine and Sbiba passes toward Thala and Le Kef to the north, clearing the Western Dorsale and threatening the 1st Army's flank. Rommel was

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The battle was the first major engagement between U.S. and Axis forces in Africa. The initial handful of American battalions suffered many casualties and were successively pushed back over 50 miles (80 km) from their original positions west of Faïd Pass, until they met an advancing brigade of

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and 15 Panzer) launched another assault on the U.S. position on the morning of February 22 toward Bou Chebka Pass. Although the American defenders were pressed hard the line held and, by mid-afternoon, the U.S. infantry and tanks launched a counterattack that broke the combined German and Italian

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then entered the battle, destroying some enemy tanks and forcing the remainder into what appeared to be a headlong retreat. This was, however, a trap, and when the 1st Armored Division gave chase it was engaged by a screen of German anti-tank guns, and sustained heavy casualties. A U.S. forward

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The 1st Armored Division was on the receiving end of German anti-tank and screening tactics and had not been notified about those tactics from experienced British armored forces. Others in the U.S. Army were well aware of the German deception tactics. The Allies were also unable to prevent the

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found that each defensive position they tried to occupy had already been overrun, and they were attacked by German troops with heavy losses. On February 2, the 1st Armored Division was ordered to end its attacks and concentrate to form a reserve. The Germans captured most of Tunisia, and the

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entrances into the coastal lowlands were blocked. The Allies held the interior of the roughly triangular Atlas range, but with the exits blocked this was of little advantage to the Allies. For the next two weeks, Rommel and the Axis commanders further north debated what to do next.

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was relieved by Eisenhower and sent home. Training programs at home had contributed to U.S. Army units in North Africa being saddled with disgraced commanders who had failed in battle and were reluctant to advocate radical changes. Eisenhower found through Major General

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It was murder. They rolled right into the muzzles of the concealed eighty-eights and all I could do was stand by and watch tank after tank blown to bits or burst into flames or just stop, wrecked. Those in the rear tried to turn back but the eighty-eights seemed to be

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and denied French requests for support, notably when under pressure at Faïd, Anderson allowed the request to go unfulfilled. Anderson was also blamed for dispersing the three combat commands of the U.S. 1st Armored Division, despite the objections of Major General

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U.S. supplies on the Algerian side of the western arm of the mountains, eliminate the Allied ability to attack the coastal corridor linking Mareth and Tunis and threaten the southern flank of the First Army. On February 18, Rommel submitted his proposals to

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Poorly equipped and supplied with World War I-era light artillery and ammunition, including outmoded shrapnel rounds, the French were nonetheless expert artillerymen and occasionally hammered German patrols and infantry attempting to negotiate the narrow

1462:, commander of the DAK Assault Group, who cited their action as the instrumental event of the Axis victory. At 1:00 pm Rommel committed two battalions from 10th Panzer Division, which overcame the Allied defense. Tanks and Bersaglieri from the 1701:

commander, was judged to be at fault for the failure to concentrate Allied armored units and keep forces concentrated, that later disintegrated into individual units. When Fredendall disclaimed all responsibility for the poorly equipped French

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Germans from attaining air superiority over the battlefield, limiting effective Allied air reconnaissance and allowing relentless German bombing and strafing attacks that disrupted Allied attempts at deployment and organization. Attacks by the

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1/8th Panzer Regiment were committed at noon but little further progress resulted against stubborn defense. Rommel decided to commit his units from the 10th Panzer to the Kasserine Pass the next morning in a coordinated attack with the

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Efforts were made to improve the integration of immediate artillery and air support, which had been poorly coordinated. While U.S. artillery response times improved dramatically, coordinating close air support was not achieved until

1238:, as German tank drivers could easily crush a man inside a scrape by driving into it and simultaneously making a half-turn. Several attempts were made by the 1st Armored Division to stop the German advance, but all three 1178:, in the foothills on the eastern arm of the mountains, an excellent position to thrust east to the coast, split the Axis forces in southern Tunisia from the forces further north, and cut the line of supply to Tunis. 1047:

Anderson was subsequently criticised by his contemporaries for, among other things, dispersing the three combat commands of the 1st Armored Division, despite the objections of the divisional commander, Major-General

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met French troops at Faïd, and, despite excellent use of the French 75 mm (2.95 in) guns, which caused heavy casualties among the German infantry, the defenders were easily forced back.

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The German–Italian force was halted and, despite heavy pressure including air attacks, failed to dislodge the American defenders. Having brought the Axis drive towards Tebessa to a halt, General

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Assault Group from Feriana to attack the Kasserine Pass. The 21st Panzer Division at Sbeitla was ordered to attack northward through the pass east of Kasserine which led to Sbiba and Ksour. The

1268:, a thrust by the 5th Panzer Army through the U.S. communications and supply center of Sidi Bou Zid. Rommel's forces, 60 miles (97 km) to the south-west, would conduct Operation 1488:

now turned their attention to planning a counterattack that was to take place the next day, February 22. Plans made by both sides were upset by the battle, and the Axis forces (5th

1772: 1152:'s main supply base. Rommel had anticipated this, switching his line of supply to Tunis with the goal of blocking the southern approach to Tunisia from Tripoli at Gabès. The 6632: 6622: 5132: 1287:

Assault Group to attack Gafsa on February 15, but, on the night before, Anderson ordered the defenders to evacuate Gafsa and make the main defence line the hills around

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to occupy Tunisia, one of the few easily defended areas of North Africa and only one night's sail from bases in Sicily. This short passage made it very difficult for

6483: 4501: 3001:

Playfair, Major-General I. S. O.; and Molony, Brigadier C. J. C.; with Flynn R.N., Captain F. C. & Gleave, Group Captain T. P. (2004) . Butler, J. R. M. (ed.).

4821: 4424: 4396: 3540: 3282: 1347:, the battlegroup released by Arnim from 10th Panzer Division, was ordered to concentrate at Sbeitla, where it would be ready to exploit success in either pass. 382: 89: 6462: 5141: 4828: 3962: 1453:

resumed the attack. At 10:00 am Dunphie judged that Stark Force was about to give way and ordered Gore Force to the Thala side of the pass as elements of the

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and remnants of the U.S. 26th Infantry Regiment had dug in on ridges. If the town fell and the southern of two roads from Thala to Tebessa was cut, the U.S.

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and others, that Fredendall's subordinates had lost confidence in him and Alexander told U.S. commanders, "I'm sure you must have better men than that".

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During the night, the American positions on the two shoulders overlooking the pass were overrun and at 8:30 am German panzer grenadiers and Italian

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captured, Rommel and Ziegler claimed 3,721 prisoners captured but in a consolidated report of February 24 they reported 4,026 Allied prisoners of war.

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The 21st Panzer Division resumed its advance towards Faïd. American infantry casualties were exacerbated by the practice of digging shallow

5241: 5097: 5081: 5053: 4301: 3508: 5998: 5065: 4977: 4921: 4884: 4166: 375: 4970: 3702: 3260: 2723: 742: 6476: 5104: 3494: 3452: 6325: 4144: 3918: 3681: 3547: 3358: 3218:. United States Army in World War II: Mediterranean Theatre of Operations (1991 ed.). Washington, DC: Department of the Army. 2977: 1416: 991: 5220: 5017: 4054: 3554: 3466: 3402: 2758: 1037: 229: 5423: 4935: 3785: 3323: 1916: 1716: 1530: 1427: 1423: 1400: 1368: 1360: 1019: 512: 368: 50: 1441: 6019: 5924: 5451: 5197: 5072: 4158: 4132: 3989: 3695: 3612: 3122: 3103: 3084: 3029: 2837: 1721: 1712: 1656:

in close support of German ground offensives often neutralized U.S. attempts to organize effective defensive artillery fire.

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back, losing all its tanks in the process, to rejoin the 26th Armoured Brigade some 10 miles (16 km) further back.

1164:... a line of antiquated French blockhouses, which in no way measured up to the standards required by modern warfare.... 1056:

instituted sweeping changes in unit organization and tactics, and replaced some commanders and some types of equipment.

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before German and Italian reinforcements could arrive. Because of the poor road and rail communications, only a small,

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Harmon reported that Ward was "hopping mad" at Anderson for dispersing his division and at Fredendall for allowing it.

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to protect them from aerial attack: in one division, 95 percent of air attacks were concentrated on its artillery.

1625: 1526: 1204: 799: 4272: 6053: 5894: 5883: 5719: 5478: 5437: 5330: 5268: 4655: 3925: 3794: 3762: 1802: 4442: 4010: 6439: 6411: 6289: 6082: 5319: 4770: 4696: 4492: 3863: 3582: 3487: 3372: 1023: 453: 6652: 6499: 6432: 6383: 6314: 6139: 5645: 5596: 5360: 5353: 4956: 4717: 4508: 3561: 1683: 1609:, Germans lost 20 tanks, 67 vehicles and 14 guns. Allied forces captured 73 German and 535 Italian soldiers. 1107:

transports, and air interdiction proved equally difficult, because the nearest Allied airbase to Tunisia, at

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Defeat at Kasserine: American Armor Doctrine, Training, and Battle Command in Northwest Africa, World War II

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tank of U.S. 1st Armored Division advancing to support American forces during the battle at Kasserine Pass

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German losses at Kasserine were 201 killed, 536 wounded and 252 missing, totalling 989 casualties. In

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in Europe and went on to higher command, as did British Brigadier Nicholson, who later commanded the

1679: 1644:, and for some time after the battle, German units deployed large numbers of captured U.S. vehicles. 881: 550: 438: 4003: 6607: 5975: 5952: 5204: 5005: 4998: 4662: 4322: 4294: 4287: 3674: 3283:"Battle for Kasserine Pass: 1st Armored Division Were Ambushed by the Afrika Corps at Sidi Bou Zid" 1736: 1703: 1675: 1008: 274: 4019: 3996: 2771: 1200: 263: 6397: 6341: 6211: 6071: 5756: 5409: 5305: 5211: 4779: 4647: 4617: 4581: 4566: 4438: 4330: 4308: 4254: 4240: 4222: 3886: 3667: 3395: 3344: 1994: 1664: 896: 707: 543: 6089: 5982: 5784: 5735: 5638: 5531: 5501: 5284: 5172: 4898: 4689: 4280: 4261: 4231: 3778: 3748: 1481: 1276: 1252: 1100: 1004: 859: 832: 697: 572: 529: 411: 1751:

over a year later. American anti-aircraft artillery began reforms, having learned that, while

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march through the Kasserine Pass and on to Kasserine and Farriana, Tunisia February 26, 1943.

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Semmens, Paul. "THE HAMMER OF HELL: The Coming of Age of Antiaircraft Artillery in WW II".

1667: 1545:, the U.S. artillery commander. The British had 36 guns, supported by armoured cars of the 1542: 1356: 976: 886: 869: 806: 775: 690: 443: 426: 240: 8: 6522: 6296: 6174: 6130: 5652: 4786: 4552: 4079: 3909: 3893: 3842: 3255: 1546: 1513: 1501:

force. More than 400 Axis prisoners were taken as the counterattack was pressed into the

1134: 837: 818: 712: 668: 642: 587: 421: 2985: 6515: 6348: 6273: 6227: 6197: 6105: 5945: 5610: 5494: 5388: 5339: 5277: 5033: 4984: 4793: 4417: 4072: 3870: 2932: 2776: 1807: 1748: 1711:, the divisional commander. U.S. Brigadier General Irwin later became commander of the 1578: 1084: 901: 876: 825: 756: 649: 635: 458: 433: 6506: 6390: 6280: 6220: 6181: 6114: 6096: 6062: 6005: 5959: 5903: 5728: 5466: 5458: 5395: 5248: 4842: 4374: 3835: 3814: 3524: 3229: 3219: 3191: 3181: 3162: 3145: 3128: 3118: 3099: 3080: 3054: 3044: 3025: 3006: 2962: 2939: 2916: 2897: 2855: 2833: 2816: 2797: 2790: 2733: 1550: 1431: 1355:

The Sbiba area was attacked by Battle Groups Stenkhoff and Schuette, remnants of the

1305: 1119: 1026: 960: 847: 747: 726: 656: 628: 621: 599: 567: 555: 392: 32: 1924: 1359:. Facing the German armored advance was the British 6th Armoured Division (less the 6425: 6418: 6362: 6026: 5791: 5777: 5680: 5617: 5568: 5381: 5234: 5181: 4991: 4942: 4856: 4086: 4063: 3596: 1686: 1561: 1518: 1174:

Allied troops had already crossed the Atlas Mountains and set up a forward base at

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artillery observer whose radio and landlines had been cut by shellfire recalled,

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The Mediterranean and Middle East: The Destruction of the Axis Forces in Africa

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Iron Hulls, Iron Hearts: Mussolini's Elite Armoured Divisions in North Africa

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U.S. troops taken prisoner during the battle march through a Tunisian village

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Anderson ordered the 9th Infantry Division and its artillery support to

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establishing positions on difficult terrain at Thala, February 24, 1943

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Defending the pass was a force consisting of the U.S. 1st Battalion,

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U.S. and British forces landed at several points along the coast of

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in November and December 1942 is the term for an attempt to reach

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in Tunisia speaking with troops riding a captured American-built

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Assault Group, which was to be joined by elements of the Italian

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List of equipment of the United States Army during World War II

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covering events in NW Africa, November 8, 1942 – May 13, 1943

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On February 14 the 10th and 21st Panzer divisions began the

1076:. This came only days after the breakthrough of the British 2151: 2643:

Command Failures: Lessons Learned from Lloyd R. Fredendall

2479: 2477: 2475: 2473: 1954: 1952: 1950: 1948: 1946: 1944: 1942: 1917:"Historia de las Fuerzas Armadas alemanas. Kasserine 1943" 3000: 2666: 2626: 2596: 2525: 2513: 2507: 2489: 2464: 2440: 2410: 2374: 2368: 2356: 2338: 2332: 2317: 2242: 2227: 2215: 2203: 2139: 2121: 2109: 2097: 2022: 1841:

Arnim only released a battlegroup under Felix von Broich.

1759:

rounds fired from vehicles, field units needed dedicated

1560:

to meet an expected German attack but U.S. Major General

3266:

Kasserine Pass Battles: Staff Rides Background Materials

2557: 1872: 1870: 1868: 1866: 1283:. After the success at Sidi Bou Zid, Rommel ordered the 2672: 2608: 2574: 2572: 2551:"North West Africa: Seizing the Initiative in the West" 2470: 2398: 2386: 2289: 2287: 2272: 2182: 1991:"World War II: Battle of Kasserine Pass – North Africa" 1939: 3963:

Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany

2648: 2248: 1339:

In the early hours of February 19, Rommel ordered the

3289:(September 2002). Weider History Group. June 12, 2006 2446: 1863: 1670:

began restructuring the Allied command, creating the

1052:. As a result of lessons learned in this battle, the 6633:

Battles of World War II involving the United Kingdom

3215:

Northwest Africa: Seizing the Initiative in the West

3079:. Vol. I. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. 2584: 2569: 2422: 2299: 2284: 2260: 2170: 2127: 1897: 6623:

Battles of World War II involving the United States

2832:. Ft. Leavenworth, KS: Pickle Partners Publishing. 2792:

An Army at Dawn: The War in North Africa, 1942–1943

2780:(Supplement). November 5, 1946. pp. 5449–5464. 2078: 2076: 2063: 2061: 1199:Elements of the 5th Panzer Army, headed by General 3022:M3 Medium Tank vs Panzer III – Kasserine Pass 1943 2954: 2931: 2789: 2033: 2031: 1778:List of British military equipment of World War II 1367:had been sent to Thala). Also in the line was the 1788:List of German military equipment of World War II 1783:List of French military equipment of World War II 1144:On January 23, 1943, the Allied Eighth Army took 6594: 2763:Official despatch by Kenneth Anderson, GOC-in-C 2073: 2058: 2048: 2046: 2028: 1887: 1885: 1141:, but a sizable Axis force was already ashore. 2961:. Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Pen & Sword. 1793:List of Italian Army equipment in World War II 1731:was temporarily removed from planning for the 1403:, the U.S. 19th Combat Engineer Regiment, the 1308:, who forwarded them with his blessing to the 3317: 3277:United States Army Center of Military History 2915:. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. 2730:United States Army Center of Military History 2715:United States Army Center of Military History 2637: 2635: 2043: 1525:Rommel had stayed with the main group of the 1434:(6th Armoured Division) was given command of 1315:At 13:30 on February 19, Rommel received the 513: 376: 1882: 1697:Fredendall took the blame but Anderson, the 16:Part of the Tunisia Campaign of World War II 3261:Entry in the Leaders & Battles Database 3178:Kasserine Pass 1943 – Rommel's Last Victory 3115:Exit Rommel: The Tunisian Campaign, 1942–43 2544: 2542: 2540: 1993:. Militaryhistory.about.com. Archived from 1111:, was over 200 mi (320 km) away. 3324: 3310: 3038: 2849: 2654: 2632: 2548: 2531: 2416: 2344: 527: 520: 506: 383: 369: 6628:Battles of World War II involving Germany 2913:Stauffenberg: A Family History, 1905–1944 2810: 2725:Tunisia November 17, 1942 to May 13, 1943 2703: 2563: 1984: 1982: 1980: 1978: 1958: 175: 6643:Tank battles involving the United States 6638:Battles of World War II involving France 3139: 3019: 2910: 2784: 2721: 2713:. U.S. Army Center of Military History. 2678: 2614: 2602: 2537: 2404: 2254: 2164: 2145: 1876: 1624: 1600: 1571: 1549:and Valentine and Crusader tanks of the 1512: 1440: 1386: 1375:; and three battalions of infantry from 1330: 1272:to capture Gafsa and advance on Tozeur. 1190: 1113: 6618:Battles of World War II involving Italy 3156: 2938:. Philadelphia: John Wiley & Sons. 2827: 2082: 2067: 2052: 2037: 1891: 1517:British soldiers of the 2nd Battalion, 947:took place from 18-24 February 1943 at 189: 6595: 5171: 5149:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union 3175: 3112: 3093: 3074: 2975: 2891: 2519: 2495: 2483: 2452: 2392: 2380: 2305: 2293: 2278: 2266: 2188: 2176: 2133: 1975: 1923:(in Spanish). Columbia. Archived from 1903: 1298: 6020:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign 5452:Japanese invasion of French Indochina 5098:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union 5054:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union 4159:Rape during the occupation of Germany 3305: 2952: 2929: 2590: 2578: 2428: 1592:Zid and Sbeitla followed soon after. 1529:on the route toward Thala, where the 501: 390: 364: 5142:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union 4174:Rape during the liberation of France 3256:Facing The Fox In The Kasserine Pass 3211: 3077:Almanac of American Military History 2868: 2796:. New York: Henry Holt and Company. 1438:, all units north-west of the pass. 1195:Tunisia, January 30 – April 10, 1943 3065: 1988: 13: 5368:German invasion of the Netherlands 3648:Weather events during World War II 3204: 2894:America's First Battles, 1776–1965 1470: 1422:. British reinforcements from the 1363:which except for the tanks of the 14: 6664: 5999:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan 3249: 3159:Kasserine: Anatomy of a Slaughter 2976:Murphy, Brian John (April 2006). 2880:(April–June 2005). Archived from 1118:Sketch map of Tunisia during the 6559: 3331: 1755:dive bombers were vulnerable to 1210:U.S. artillery and tanks of the 324: 300: 268: 257: 246: 234: 223: 212: 191: 177: 163: 151: 139: 43: 2742:. CMH Pub 72-12. Archived from 2728:. U.S. Army Campaigns of WWII. 2684: 1971:Northwest Africa - Chapter XXIV 1844: 1835: 1825: 1803:North African campaign timeline 1246: 6246:Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945 3956:Territorial changes of Germany 3864:Indonesian National Revolution 3068:Air Defense Artillery Magazine 2896:. University Press of Kansas. 1964: 1921:Portal Militar y Panzertruppen 1909: 1: 5646:Japanese invasion of Thailand 5597:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran 5361:German invasion of Luxembourg 3742:Mediterranean and Middle East 3113:Watson, Bruce Allen (2007) . 2878:Air Defense Artillery Journal 2759:Anderson, Lt.-General Kenneth 2722:Anderson, Charles R. (1993). 2696: 1659: 1567: 1405:6th Field Artillery Battalion 1059: 5553:Invasion of the Soviet Union 5242:Occupation of Czechoslovakia 4560:Independent State of Croatia 3043:. London: MacDonald and Co. 2957:Rommel as Military Commander 2852:Eisenhower: A Soldier's Life 2815:. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. 1857: 1818: 1798:List of World War II battles 1595: 1382: 1186: 1095:troops were ferried in from 1072:on November 8, 1942, during 7: 6537:End of World War II in Asia 6377:Western invasion of Germany 5884:Chinese famine of 1942–1943 5861:Second Battle of El Alamein 5431:Hundred Regiments Offensive 5403:Battle of the Mediterranean 5256:Italian invasion of Albania 3430:Air warfare of World War II 3144:. Philadelphia: Blakiston. 3140:Westrate, Edwin V. (1944). 3098:. Ramsbury: Crowood Press. 2645:, Army Magazine, March 2003 1766: 1401:26th Regimental Combat Team 1377:U.S. 34th Infantry Division 1369:18th Regimental Combat Team 1103:naval vessels to intercept 1089:Second Battle of El Alamein 989:Assault Group, the Italian 10: 6669: 6463:Naval bombardment of Japan 5831:First Battle of El Alamein 5750:Battle of Christmas Island 5695:Japanese invasion of Burma 5459:Italian invasion of Greece 5375:German invasion of Belgium 5347:German invasion of Denmark 5320:1939–1940 Winter Offensive 5189:Second Italo-Ethiopian War 3453:Comparative military ranks 3041:Kasserine, Baptism of Fire 2811:Blumenson, Martin (1966). 2704:Blumenson, Martin (1986). 1727:On 6 March, Major General 1373:U.S. 1st Infantry Division 1250: 1181: 1091:. In response, German and 983:, were primarily from the 55:U.S. 1st Infantry Division 49:Men of the 2nd Battalion, 6552: 6384:Bratislava–Brno offensive 6324: 6315:Dutch famine of 1944–1945 6052: 5939:Allied invasion of Sicily 5893: 5799:Aleutian Islands campaign 5771:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign 5718: 5709:Greek famine of 1941–1944 5604:Second Battle of Changsha 5509:German invasion of Greece 5477: 5354:Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang 5329: 5267: 5162: 5043: 4769: 4679: 4527: 4230: 4221: 3979: 3804: 3696:North and Central Pacific 3657: 3419: 3412: 3339: 3271:October 29, 2010, at the 3157:Whiting, Charles (1984). 3039:Rutherford, Ward (1971). 3020:Rottmann, Gordon (2008). 2828:Calhoun, Mark T. (2015). 1733:Allied invasion of Sicily 1680:Harold R. L. G. Alexander 1620: 1326: 1029:) and other parts of the 995:Armored Division and two 539: 402: 293: 280: 205: 132: 61: 42: 30: 25: 5976:Allied invasion of Italy 5953:Solomon Islands campaign 5702:Third Battle of Changsha 5299:First Battle of Changsha 5205:Second Sino-Japanese War 4145:German military brothels 4011:United States war crimes 3075:Tucker, Spencer (2012). 2982:America in WWII Magazine 2911:Hoffmann, Peter (2003). 2892:Heller, Charles (1986). 1813: 1508: 1350: 1335:Battle of Kasserine Pass 945:Battle of Kasserine Pass 355:(Including Sidi Bou Zid) 321:(Including Sidi Bou Zid) 311:3,300 killed and wounded 26:Battle of Kasserine Pass 6398:Second Guangxi campaign 6253:Philippines (1944–1945) 5757:Battle of the Coral Sea 5660:Fall of the Philippines 5306:Battle of South Guangxi 5212:Battles of Khalkhin Gol 4618:Italian Social Republic 3176:Zaloga, Steven (2005). 2984:: 28–35. Archived from 2953:Lewin, Ronald (2004) . 1720:and then commanded the 1417:131st Armored Division 959:. It was a part of the 544:Western Desert campaign 5983:Armistice of Cassibile 5785:Battle of Dutch Harbor 5736:Battle of the Java Sea 5639:Attack on Pearl Harbor 5539:Syria–Lebanon campaign 5532:Battle of South Shanxi 5502:Invasion of Yugoslavia 5285:Battle of the Atlantic 4899:Korean Liberation Army 4612:(until September 1943) 4569:(until September 1944) 4547:(until September 1944) 2850:D'Este, Carlo (2003). 2707:Kasserine Pass Battles 2690:Hamilton (2005), p. 42 1636: 1583: 1522: 1446: 1396: 1345:Kampfgruppe von Broich 1336: 1277:Battle of Sidi Bou Zid 1253:Battle of Sidi Bou Zid 1228: 1196: 1172: 1122: 531:North African campaign 335:500 killed and wounded 206:Commanders and leaders 51:16th Infantry Regiment 6147:Second Battle of Guam 6043:Bengal famine of 1943 6013:Second Battle of Kiev 5969:Battle of the Dnieper 5674:Battle of Wake Island 5546:East African campaign 5488:Battle of South Henan 5133:atrocities by Germans 4906:Korean Volunteer Army 3887:Occupation of Germany 3641:Music in World War II 3287:World War II Magazine 3024:. Osprey Publishing. 2988:on September 28, 2007 2746:on September 17, 2017 1722:20th Armored Division 1717:2nd Infantry Division 1713:5th Infantry Division 1642:M3 armored half-track 1628: 1601:Casualties and losses 1575: 1535:9th Infantry Division 1531:26th Armoured Brigade 1516: 1444: 1428:6th Armoured Division 1424:26th Armoured Brigade 1390: 1361:26th Armoured Brigade 1334: 1293:anti-aircraft battery 1217: 1201:Hans-Jürgen von Arnim 1194: 1162: 1117: 1020:6th Armoured Division 345:989 killed or wounded 294:Casualties and losses 264:Hans-Jürgen von Arnim 6653:February 1943 events 6433:Surrender of Germany 5911:Battle of West Hubei 5868:Guadalcanal campaign 5838:Battle of Stalingrad 5764:Battle of Madagascar 4538:Albania protectorate 4325:(formerly Swaziland) 4034:Wehrmacht war crimes 3850:Expulsion of Germans 3634:Art and World War II 3532:British contribution 3481:Governments in exile 3212:Howe, G. F. (1957). 3094:Walker, Ian (2006). 2667:Playfair et al. 2004 2629:, pp. 282, 386. 2627:Playfair et al. 2004 2508:Playfair et al. 2004 2465:Playfair et al. 2004 2441:Playfair et al. 2004 2369:Playfair et al. 2004 2357:Playfair et al. 2004 2333:Playfair et al. 2004 2318:Playfair et al. 2004 2243:Playfair et al. 2004 2228:Playfair et al. 2004 2216:Playfair et al. 2004 2204:Playfair et al. 2004 2122:Playfair et al. 2004 2110:Playfair et al. 2004 2098:Playfair et al. 2004 2023:Playfair et al. 2004 1927:on February 12, 2008 1668:Dwight D. Eisenhower 1617:tons of ammunition. 1543:Stafford LeRoy Irwin 1527:10th Panzer Division 1357:21st Panzer Division 1212:1st Armored Division 1205:21st Panzer Division 977:Generalfeldmarschall 69:February 19–24, 1943 6523:Potsdam Declaration 6412:Italy (Spring 1945) 6175:Liberation of Paris 5632:Siege of Sevastopol 4650:(until August 1944) 4553:Wang Jingwei regime 4375:from September 1943 4335:from September 1944 4273:from September 1944 4133:Romanian war crimes 4124:Persecution of Jews 4110:Croatian war crimes 4080:Japanese war crimes 3894:Occupation of Japan 3843:First Indochina War 3555:Military production 3467:Declarations of war 2930:Kelly, Orr (2002). 2522:, pp. 109–110. 2498:, pp. 104–105. 2443:, pp. 297–298. 2383:, pp. 186–187. 2359:, pp. 296–297. 2167:, pp. 109–117. 1547:Derbyshire Yeomanry 1299:Axis plan of attack 1007:were from the U.S. 669:Battle of Point 175 101: / 6516:Surrender of Japan 6349:Battle of Iwo Jima 6198:Belgrade offensive 5611:Siege of Leningrad 5495:Battle of Shanggao 5424:British Somaliland 5389:Dunkirk evacuation 5340:Norwegian campaign 5278:Invasion of Poland 5105:Japanese prisoners 4073:Italian war crimes 4004:British war crimes 3919:Soviet occupations 3703:South-West Pacific 3590:Allied cooperation 3548:Military equipment 3180:. Oxford: Osprey. 2887:on March 31, 2012. 2845:- Total pages: 80 2777:The London Gazette 2641:Ossad, Steven L., 1997:on August 16, 2016 1989:Hickman, Kennedy. 1808:Panzer Army Africa 1749:Operation Overlord 1637: 1584: 1523: 1447: 1397: 1337: 1197: 1123: 1085:Bernard Montgomery 1082:Lieutenant-General 1035:Lieutenant-General 999:detached from the 275:Giorgo Carlo Calvi 105:35.2596°N 8.7424°E 6613:Tunisian campaign 6603:Conflicts in 1943 6590: 6589: 6548: 6547: 6391:Battle of Okinawa 6290:Burma (1944–1945) 6124:Mariana and Palau 5904:Tunisian campaign 5729:Fall of Singapore 5653:Fall of Hong Kong 5396:Battle of Britain 5249:Operation Himmler 5158: 5157: 4822:Dutch East Indies 4465:Southern Rhodesia 4217: 4216: 4117:Genocide of Serbs 4020:German war crimes 3997:Soviet war crimes 3990:Allied war crimes 3836:Division of Korea 3815:Chinese Civil War 3613:Strategic bombing 3525:Manhattan Project 3161:. Stein and Day. 3124:978-0-8117-3381-6 3105:978-1-86126-839-6 3086:978-1-59884-530-3 3031:978-1-84603-261-5 2846: 2839:978-1-78625-030-8 2605:, pp. 91–92. 2486:, pp. 28–35. 2281:, pp. 80–81. 2191:, pp. 73–74. 2148:, pp. 38–39. 1551:17th/21st Lancers 1540:Brigadier General 1432:Cameron Nicholson 1306:Albert Kesselring 1027:Charles Keightley 961:Tunisian campaign 938: 937: 551:Invasion of Egypt 495: 494: 394:Tunisian campaign 359: 358: 342:10,000 casualties 317:616 vehicles lost 128: 127: 33:Tunisian campaign 6660: 6583: 6576: 6569: 6566:World portal 6564: 6563: 6539: 6532: 6525: 6518: 6509: 6502: 6495: 6486: 6479: 6472: 6465: 6458: 6451: 6442: 6435: 6428: 6426:Prague offensive 6421: 6419:Battle of Berlin 6414: 6407: 6400: 6393: 6386: 6379: 6372: 6365: 6363:Vienna offensive 6358: 6351: 6344: 6342:Battle of Manila 6337: 6317: 6308: 6299: 6292: 6283: 6276: 6269: 6262: 6255: 6248: 6241: 6232: 6223: 6216: 6207: 6200: 6193: 6186: 6177: 6170: 6163: 6156: 6149: 6142: 6135: 6126: 6119: 6110: 6101: 6092: 6085: 6083:Korsun–Cherkassy 6078: 6067: 6045: 6036: 6029: 6022: 6015: 6008: 6001: 5994: 5985: 5978: 5971: 5964: 5955: 5948: 5941: 5934: 5927: 5925:Bombing of Gorky 5920: 5913: 5906: 5886: 5879: 5870: 5863: 5856: 5847: 5840: 5833: 5826: 5815: 5808: 5801: 5794: 5792:Battle of Midway 5787: 5780: 5778:Battle of Gazala 5773: 5766: 5759: 5752: 5745: 5738: 5731: 5711: 5704: 5697: 5690: 5688:Battle of Borneo 5683: 5681:Malayan campaign 5676: 5669: 5662: 5655: 5648: 5641: 5634: 5627: 5625:Bombing of Gorky 5620: 5618:Battle of Moscow 5613: 5606: 5599: 5592: 5585: 5578: 5562: 5555: 5548: 5541: 5534: 5527: 5518: 5511: 5504: 5497: 5490: 5470: 5461: 5454: 5447: 5440: 5433: 5426: 5419: 5412: 5405: 5398: 5391: 5384: 5382:Battle of France 5377: 5370: 5363: 5356: 5349: 5342: 5322: 5315: 5308: 5301: 5294: 5287: 5280: 5258: 5251: 5244: 5237: 5235:Munich Agreement 5230: 5223: 5214: 5207: 5200: 5191: 5184: 5169: 5168: 5151: 5144: 5135: 5128: 5121: 5120:Soviet prisoners 5114: 5107: 5100: 5091: 5084: 5075: 5068: 5061: 5060:German prisoners 5056: 5036: 5027: 5020: 5013: 5008: 5001: 4994: 4987: 4980: 4973: 4966: 4959: 4952: 4945: 4938: 4931: 4924: 4917: 4908: 4901: 4894: 4887: 4880: 4873: 4866: 4859: 4852: 4845: 4838: 4831: 4824: 4817: 4810: 4803: 4796: 4789: 4782: 4762: 4755: 4748: 4741: 4734: 4727: 4720: 4713: 4706: 4699: 4692: 4672: 4665: 4658: 4651: 4643: 4636: 4629: 4620: 4613: 4605: 4598: 4596:French Indochina 4591: 4584: 4577: 4570: 4562: 4555: 4548: 4540: 4520: 4511: 4504: 4495: 4488: 4481: 4474: 4467: 4460: 4453: 4446: 4443:from August 1944 4434: 4427: 4420: 4413: 4406: 4399: 4392: 4385: 4378: 4366: 4359: 4352: 4345: 4338: 4326: 4318: 4311: 4304: 4297: 4290: 4283: 4276: 4264: 4257: 4250: 4243: 4228: 4227: 4208: 4201: 4194: 4187: 4180: 4169: 4154: 4147: 4140: 4135: 4126: 4119: 4112: 4103: 4096: 4089: 4087:Nanjing Massacre 4082: 4075: 4066: 4064:Nuremberg trials 4057: 4050: 4043: 4036: 4029: 4022: 4013: 4006: 3999: 3992: 3972: 3965: 3958: 3949: 3942: 3935: 3928: 3921: 3914: 3905: 3896: 3889: 3882: 3875: 3866: 3859: 3852: 3845: 3838: 3831: 3824: 3817: 3797: 3788: 3781: 3774: 3765: 3758: 3751: 3744: 3735: 3728: 3721: 3712: 3705: 3698: 3691: 3684: 3677: 3670: 3668:Asia and Pacific 3650: 3643: 3636: 3629: 3622: 3615: 3608: 3599: 3597:Mulberry harbour 3592: 3585: 3578: 3571: 3564: 3557: 3550: 3543: 3534: 3527: 3520: 3511: 3504: 3497: 3490: 3483: 3476: 3469: 3462: 3455: 3448: 3439: 3432: 3417: 3416: 3405: 3398: 3389: 3382: 3375: 3368: 3361: 3354: 3347: 3326: 3319: 3312: 3303: 3302: 3298: 3296: 3294: 3244: 3242: 3240: 3199: 3172: 3153: 3142:Forward Observer 3136: 3109: 3090: 3071: 3062: 3035: 3016: 2997: 2995: 2993: 2978:"Facing the Fox" 2972: 2960: 2949: 2937: 2926: 2907: 2888: 2886: 2875: 2871:"Kasserine Pass" 2869:Hamilton, John. 2865: 2844: 2843: 2824: 2807: 2795: 2781: 2755: 2753: 2751: 2718: 2712: 2691: 2688: 2682: 2676: 2670: 2664: 2658: 2652: 2646: 2639: 2630: 2624: 2618: 2612: 2606: 2600: 2594: 2588: 2582: 2576: 2567: 2561: 2555: 2554: 2549:George F. Howe. 2546: 2535: 2529: 2523: 2517: 2511: 2505: 2499: 2493: 2487: 2481: 2468: 2462: 2456: 2450: 2444: 2438: 2432: 2426: 2420: 2414: 2408: 2402: 2396: 2395:, p. 1,575. 2390: 2384: 2378: 2372: 2366: 2360: 2354: 2348: 2342: 2336: 2330: 2321: 2315: 2309: 2303: 2297: 2291: 2282: 2276: 2270: 2264: 2258: 2252: 2246: 2240: 2231: 2225: 2219: 2213: 2207: 2201: 2192: 2186: 2180: 2174: 2168: 2162: 2149: 2143: 2137: 2131: 2125: 2119: 2113: 2107: 2101: 2095: 2086: 2085:, pp. 83–85 2080: 2071: 2070:, pp. 69–70 2065: 2056: 2050: 2041: 2040:, pp. 73–75 2035: 2026: 2020: 2007: 2006: 2004: 2002: 1986: 1973: 1968: 1962: 1956: 1937: 1936: 1934: 1932: 1913: 1907: 1901: 1895: 1889: 1880: 1874: 1851: 1848: 1842: 1839: 1833: 1829: 1687:Lloyd Fredendall 1562:Ernest N. Harmon 1519:Grenadier Guards 1321: 1226: 1170: 1120:1942–43 campaign 1087:) following the 1038:Kenneth Anderson 1016:Lloyd Fredendall 997:Panzer divisions 955:in west central 534: 532: 522: 515: 508: 499: 498: 397: 395: 385: 378: 371: 362: 361: 351:67 vehicles lost 330: 328: 327: 306: 304: 303: 273: 272: 262: 261: 251: 250: 239: 238: 230:Kenneth Anderson 228: 227: 219:Lloyd Fredendall 217: 216: 201: 197: 195: 194: 187: 183: 181: 180: 169: 167: 166: 157: 155: 154: 145: 143: 142: 116: 115: 113: 112: 111: 106: 102: 99: 98: 97: 94: 78:Kasserine Pass, 63: 62: 47: 23: 22: 6668: 6667: 6663: 6662: 6661: 6659: 6658: 6657: 6608:1943 in Tunisia 6593: 6592: 6591: 6586: 6579: 6572: 6558: 6556: 6544: 6535: 6528: 6521: 6514: 6505: 6498: 6491: 6482: 6477:Atomic bombings 6475: 6468: 6461: 6454: 6447: 6438: 6431: 6424: 6417: 6410: 6403: 6396: 6389: 6382: 6375: 6368: 6361: 6354: 6347: 6340: 6333: 6320: 6313: 6302: 6295: 6288: 6279: 6272: 6265: 6258: 6251: 6244: 6235: 6226: 6219: 6210: 6203: 6196: 6189: 6180: 6173: 6168:Eastern Romania 6166: 6161:Warsaw Uprising 6159: 6154:Tannenberg Line 6152: 6145: 6140:Western Ukraine 6138: 6129: 6122: 6113: 6104: 6095: 6088: 6081: 6070: 6061: 6048: 6041: 6032: 6025: 6018: 6011: 6004: 5997: 5990: 5981: 5974: 5967: 5958: 5951: 5944: 5937: 5932:Battle of Kursk 5930: 5923: 5916: 5909: 5902: 5889: 5882: 5873: 5866: 5859: 5850: 5843: 5836: 5829: 5820: 5811: 5804: 5797: 5790: 5783: 5776: 5769: 5762: 5755: 5748: 5743:St Nazaire Raid 5741: 5734: 5727: 5714: 5707: 5700: 5693: 5686: 5679: 5672: 5665: 5658: 5651: 5644: 5637: 5630: 5623: 5616: 5609: 5602: 5595: 5588: 5581: 5567: 5558: 5551: 5544: 5537: 5530: 5525:Anglo-Iraqi War 5523: 5516:Battle of Crete 5514: 5507: 5500: 5493: 5486: 5473: 5464: 5457: 5450: 5445:Eastern Romania 5443: 5436: 5429: 5422: 5415: 5408: 5401: 5394: 5387: 5380: 5373: 5366: 5359: 5352: 5345: 5338: 5325: 5318: 5311: 5304: 5297: 5290: 5283: 5276: 5263: 5254: 5247: 5240: 5233: 5226: 5219: 5210: 5203: 5196: 5187: 5180: 5154: 5147: 5140: 5131: 5124: 5119: 5110: 5103: 5096: 5087: 5080: 5071: 5064: 5059: 5052: 5039: 5032: 5023: 5016: 5011: 5006:Western Ukraine 5004: 4997: 4990: 4983: 4976: 4969: 4962: 4955: 4950:Northeast China 4948: 4941: 4934: 4927: 4920: 4913: 4904: 4897: 4890: 4883: 4876: 4869: 4862: 4855: 4848: 4841: 4834: 4827: 4820: 4813: 4806: 4799: 4792: 4785: 4778: 4765: 4758: 4751: 4744: 4737: 4730: 4723: 4716: 4709: 4702: 4695: 4688: 4675: 4668: 4661: 4656:Slovak Republic 4654: 4646: 4639: 4632: 4627:Empire of Japan 4625: 4616: 4608: 4601: 4594: 4587: 4580: 4573: 4565: 4558: 4551: 4543: 4536: 4523: 4516: 4507: 4500: 4491: 4484: 4477: 4470: 4463: 4456: 4449: 4437: 4430: 4423: 4416: 4409: 4402: 4395: 4388: 4381: 4369: 4362: 4355: 4348: 4341: 4329: 4321: 4314: 4307: 4300: 4293: 4286: 4279: 4267: 4260: 4253: 4246: 4239: 4213: 4204: 4197: 4190: 4183: 4172: 4157: 4150: 4143: 4139:Sexual violence 4138: 4131: 4122: 4115: 4108: 4099: 4092: 4085: 4078: 4071: 4062: 4053: 4046: 4039: 4032: 4025: 4018: 4009: 4002: 3995: 3988: 3975: 3968: 3961: 3954: 3945: 3938: 3931: 3924: 3917: 3908: 3899: 3892: 3885: 3878: 3869: 3862: 3857:Greek Civil War 3855: 3848: 3841: 3834: 3827: 3820: 3813: 3800: 3793: 3784: 3777: 3770: 3761: 3754: 3747: 3740: 3731: 3724: 3717: 3708: 3701: 3694: 3687: 3682:South-East Asia 3680: 3673: 3666: 3653: 3646: 3639: 3632: 3625: 3618: 3611: 3604: 3595: 3588: 3581: 3574: 3567: 3560: 3553: 3546: 3541:Military awards 3539: 3530: 3523: 3516: 3507: 3500: 3493: 3486: 3479: 3472: 3465: 3458: 3451: 3444: 3435: 3428: 3408: 3401: 3394: 3385: 3378: 3371: 3366: 3357: 3350: 3343: 3335: 3330: 3292: 3290: 3281: 3273:Wayback Machine 3252: 3247: 3238: 3236: 3226: 3207: 3205:Further reading 3202: 3188: 3169: 3125: 3106: 3087: 3051: 3032: 3013: 2991: 2989: 2969: 2946: 2934:Meeting the Fox 2923: 2904: 2884: 2873: 2862: 2840: 2804: 2770: 2749: 2747: 2740: 2710: 2699: 2694: 2689: 2685: 2677: 2673: 2665: 2661: 2653: 2649: 2640: 2633: 2625: 2621: 2613: 2609: 2601: 2597: 2589: 2585: 2577: 2570: 2562: 2558: 2547: 2538: 2532:Rutherford 1971 2530: 2526: 2518: 2514: 2506: 2502: 2494: 2490: 2482: 2471: 2463: 2459: 2451: 2447: 2439: 2435: 2427: 2423: 2417:Rutherford 1971 2415: 2411: 2403: 2399: 2391: 2387: 2379: 2375: 2367: 2363: 2355: 2351: 2345:Rutherford 1971 2343: 2339: 2331: 2324: 2316: 2312: 2304: 2300: 2292: 2285: 2277: 2273: 2265: 2261: 2253: 2249: 2241: 2234: 2226: 2222: 2214: 2210: 2202: 2195: 2187: 2183: 2175: 2171: 2163: 2152: 2144: 2140: 2132: 2128: 2120: 2116: 2108: 2104: 2096: 2089: 2081: 2074: 2066: 2059: 2051: 2044: 2036: 2029: 2021: 2010: 2000: 1998: 1987: 1976: 1969: 1965: 1957: 1940: 1930: 1928: 1915: 1914: 1910: 1902: 1898: 1890: 1883: 1875: 1864: 1860: 1855: 1854: 1849: 1845: 1840: 1836: 1830: 1826: 1821: 1816: 1769: 1735:to command the 1674:, commanded by 1672:18th Army Group 1662: 1623: 1603: 1598: 1589:Comando Supremo 1570: 1511: 1473: 1471:Djebel el Hamra 1385: 1353: 1329: 1319: 1317:Comando Supremo 1310:Comando Supremo 1301: 1261:Comando Supremo 1255: 1249: 1240:combat commands 1227: 1224: 1189: 1184: 1171: 1168: 1074:Operation Torch 1062: 1018:), the British 1001:5th Panzer Army 953:Atlas Mountains 941: 940: 939: 934: 851: 844: 789: 780: 674:2nd Bir el Gubi 664:1st Bir el Gubi 547: 535: 530: 528: 526: 496: 491: 398: 393: 391: 389: 354: 352: 350: 348: 346: 341: 336: 334: 325: 323: 322: 320: 318: 316: 314: 312: 310: 301: 299: 267: 266: 256: 255: 245: 233: 232: 222: 221: 211: 192: 190: 188: 178: 176: 164: 162: 161: 152: 150: 149: 140: 138: 110:35.2596; 8.7424 109: 107: 103: 100: 95: 92: 90: 88: 87: 86: 48: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6666: 6656: 6655: 6650: 6645: 6640: 6635: 6630: 6625: 6620: 6615: 6610: 6605: 6588: 6587: 6585: 6584: 6577: 6570: 6553: 6550: 6549: 6546: 6545: 6543: 6542: 6541: 6540: 6533: 6526: 6512: 6511: 6510: 6496: 6493:South Sakhalin 6489: 6488: 6487: 6473: 6466: 6459: 6452: 6445: 6444: 6443: 6429: 6422: 6415: 6408: 6401: 6394: 6387: 6380: 6373: 6366: 6359: 6352: 6345: 6338: 6330: 6328: 6322: 6321: 6319: 6318: 6311: 6310: 6309: 6293: 6286: 6285: 6284: 6270: 6263: 6256: 6249: 6242: 6233: 6224: 6217: 6208: 6201: 6194: 6187: 6178: 6171: 6164: 6157: 6150: 6143: 6136: 6127: 6120: 6111: 6102: 6093: 6086: 6079: 6068: 6058: 6056: 6050: 6049: 6047: 6046: 6039: 6038: 6037: 6030: 6016: 6009: 6002: 5995: 5988: 5987: 5986: 5972: 5965: 5956: 5949: 5942: 5935: 5928: 5921: 5918:Battle of Attu 5914: 5907: 5899: 5897: 5891: 5890: 5888: 5887: 5880: 5871: 5864: 5857: 5848: 5841: 5834: 5827: 5818: 5817: 5816: 5809: 5795: 5788: 5781: 5774: 5767: 5760: 5753: 5746: 5739: 5732: 5724: 5722: 5716: 5715: 5713: 5712: 5705: 5698: 5691: 5684: 5677: 5670: 5667:Battle of Guam 5663: 5656: 5649: 5642: 5635: 5628: 5621: 5614: 5607: 5600: 5593: 5590:Battle of Kiev 5586: 5579: 5565: 5564: 5563: 5549: 5542: 5535: 5528: 5521: 5520: 5519: 5505: 5498: 5491: 5483: 5481: 5475: 5474: 5472: 5471: 5462: 5455: 5448: 5441: 5434: 5427: 5420: 5413: 5406: 5399: 5392: 5385: 5378: 5371: 5364: 5357: 5350: 5343: 5335: 5333: 5327: 5326: 5324: 5323: 5316: 5309: 5302: 5295: 5288: 5281: 5273: 5271: 5265: 5264: 5262: 5261: 5260: 5259: 5252: 5245: 5238: 5231: 5217: 5216: 5215: 5208: 5194: 5193: 5192: 5177: 5175: 5166: 5160: 5159: 5156: 5155: 5153: 5152: 5145: 5138: 5137: 5136: 5129: 5117: 5116: 5115: 5101: 5094: 5093: 5092: 5089:United Kingdom 5085: 5078: 5077: 5076: 5057: 5049: 5047: 5041: 5040: 5038: 5037: 5030: 5029: 5028: 5021: 5009: 5002: 4995: 4988: 4981: 4974: 4967: 4960: 4953: 4946: 4939: 4932: 4925: 4918: 4911: 4910: 4909: 4902: 4888: 4881: 4874: 4867: 4860: 4853: 4846: 4839: 4832: 4825: 4818: 4811: 4804: 4797: 4790: 4783: 4775: 4773: 4767: 4766: 4764: 4763: 4756: 4749: 4742: 4735: 4728: 4721: 4714: 4707: 4700: 4693: 4685: 4683: 4677: 4676: 4674: 4673: 4666: 4659: 4652: 4644: 4637: 4630: 4623: 4622: 4621: 4606: 4599: 4592: 4585: 4578: 4571: 4563: 4556: 4549: 4541: 4533: 4531: 4525: 4524: 4522: 4521: 4514: 4513: 4512: 4498: 4497: 4496: 4493:British Empire 4486:United Kingdom 4482: 4475: 4468: 4461: 4454: 4447: 4435: 4428: 4421: 4414: 4407: 4400: 4393: 4386: 4379: 4367: 4360: 4353: 4346: 4339: 4327: 4319: 4312: 4305: 4302:Czechoslovakia 4298: 4291: 4284: 4277: 4265: 4258: 4251: 4244: 4236: 4234: 4225: 4219: 4218: 4215: 4214: 4212: 4211: 4210: 4209: 4202: 4199:Rape of Manila 4195: 4188: 4181: 4170: 4155: 4148: 4136: 4129: 4128: 4127: 4120: 4106: 4105: 4104: 4097: 4090: 4076: 4069: 4068: 4067: 4060: 4059: 4058: 4051: 4037: 4030: 4016: 4015: 4014: 4007: 4000: 3985: 3983: 3977: 3976: 3974: 3973: 3970:United Nations 3966: 3959: 3952: 3951: 3950: 3943: 3936: 3929: 3915: 3906: 3897: 3890: 3883: 3876: 3867: 3860: 3853: 3846: 3839: 3832: 3829:Decolonization 3825: 3818: 3810: 3808: 3802: 3801: 3799: 3798: 3791: 3790: 3789: 3775: 3768: 3767: 3766: 3759: 3752: 3738: 3737: 3736: 3729: 3715: 3714: 3713: 3706: 3699: 3692: 3685: 3678: 3663: 3661: 3655: 3654: 3652: 3651: 3644: 3637: 3630: 3623: 3616: 3609: 3602: 3601: 3600: 3593: 3579: 3572: 3565: 3558: 3551: 3544: 3537: 3536: 3535: 3521: 3514: 3513: 3512: 3505: 3502:United Kingdom 3498: 3484: 3477: 3470: 3463: 3456: 3449: 3442: 3441: 3440: 3425: 3423: 3414: 3410: 3409: 3407: 3406: 3399: 3392: 3391: 3390: 3383: 3376: 3364: 3363: 3362: 3348: 3340: 3337: 3336: 3329: 3328: 3321: 3314: 3306: 3300: 3299: 3279: 3263: 3258: 3251: 3250:External links 3248: 3246: 3245: 3224: 3208: 3206: 3203: 3201: 3200: 3186: 3173: 3167: 3154: 3137: 3123: 3110: 3104: 3091: 3085: 3072: 3063: 3049: 3036: 3030: 3017: 3011: 2998: 2973: 2967: 2950: 2944: 2927: 2921: 2908: 2902: 2889: 2866: 2860: 2847: 2838: 2825: 2813:Kasserine Pass 2808: 2802: 2786:Atkinson, Rick 2782: 2756: 2738: 2719: 2700: 2698: 2695: 2693: 2692: 2683: 2681:, p. 435. 2671: 2669:, p. 377. 2659: 2647: 2631: 2619: 2617:, p. 110. 2607: 2595: 2593:, p. 202. 2583: 2581:, p. 205. 2568: 2566:, p. 260. 2564:Blumenson 1986 2556: 2536: 2534:, p. 147. 2524: 2512: 2510:, p. 301. 2500: 2488: 2469: 2467:, p. 300. 2457: 2455:, p. 104. 2445: 2433: 2431:, p. 244. 2421: 2419:, p. 124. 2409: 2407:, p. 372. 2397: 2385: 2373: 2371:, p. 298. 2361: 2349: 2347:, p. 111. 2337: 2335:, p. 296. 2322: 2320:, p. 295. 2310: 2298: 2283: 2271: 2259: 2247: 2245:, p. 294. 2232: 2230:, p. 292. 2220: 2218:, p. 293. 2208: 2206:, p. 287. 2193: 2181: 2169: 2150: 2138: 2126: 2124:, p. 229. 2114: 2112:, p. 210. 2102: 2100:, p. 204. 2087: 2072: 2057: 2042: 2027: 2025:, p. 297. 2008: 1974: 1963: 1961:, p. 261. 1959:Blumenson 1986 1938: 1908: 1906:, p. 261. 1896: 1881: 1861: 1859: 1856: 1853: 1852: 1843: 1834: 1823: 1822: 1820: 1817: 1815: 1812: 1811: 1810: 1805: 1800: 1795: 1790: 1785: 1780: 1775: 1768: 1765: 1661: 1658: 1622: 1619: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1569: 1566: 1510: 1507: 1472: 1469: 1384: 1381: 1365:16/5th Lancers 1352: 1349: 1328: 1325: 1300: 1297: 1251:Main article: 1248: 1245: 1225:Westrate, 1944 1222: 1188: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1166: 1066:French Morocco 1061: 1058: 949:Kasserine Pass 936: 935: 933: 932: 925: 918: 911: 904: 899: 894: 889: 884: 879: 874: 867: 865:Kasserine Pass 862: 857: 845: 843: 842: 835: 830: 823: 816: 811: 804: 797: 781: 779: 778: 773: 772: 771: 761: 754: 753: 752: 740: 739: 738: 731: 724: 710: 705: 700: 695: 694: 693: 683: 678: 677: 676: 671: 666: 661: 647: 640: 633: 626: 625: 624: 619: 617:Raid on Bardia 609: 602: 597: 592: 591: 590: 585: 580: 575: 570: 565: 553: 541: 540: 537: 536: 525: 524: 517: 510: 502: 493: 492: 490: 489: 482: 475: 468: 461: 456: 451: 446: 441: 436: 431: 424: 419: 417:Kasserine Pass 414: 409: 403: 400: 399: 388: 387: 380: 373: 365: 357: 356: 343: 315:183 tanks lost 296: 295: 291: 290: 287: 283: 282: 278: 277: 243: 208: 207: 203: 202: 173: 159:United Kingdom 135: 134: 130: 129: 126: 125: 122: 118: 117: 77: 75: 71: 70: 67: 59: 58: 40: 39: 28: 27: 21: 20: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6665: 6654: 6651: 6649: 6646: 6644: 6641: 6639: 6636: 6634: 6631: 6629: 6626: 6624: 6621: 6619: 6616: 6614: 6611: 6609: 6606: 6604: 6601: 6600: 6598: 6582: 6578: 6575: 6571: 6568: 6567: 6562: 6555: 6554: 6551: 6538: 6534: 6531: 6527: 6524: 6520: 6519: 6517: 6513: 6508: 6504: 6503: 6501: 6500:Kuril Islands 6497: 6494: 6490: 6485: 6481: 6480: 6478: 6474: 6471: 6467: 6464: 6460: 6457: 6453: 6450: 6446: 6441: 6437: 6436: 6434: 6430: 6427: 6423: 6420: 6416: 6413: 6409: 6406: 6402: 6399: 6395: 6392: 6388: 6385: 6381: 6378: 6374: 6371: 6367: 6364: 6360: 6357: 6353: 6350: 6346: 6343: 6339: 6336: 6332: 6331: 6329: 6327: 6323: 6316: 6312: 6307: 6306: 6301: 6300: 6298: 6294: 6291: 6287: 6282: 6278: 6277: 6275: 6271: 6268: 6267:Syrmian Front 6264: 6261: 6257: 6254: 6250: 6247: 6243: 6240: 6239: 6234: 6231: 6230: 6225: 6222: 6218: 6215: 6214: 6213:Market Garden 6209: 6206: 6202: 6199: 6195: 6192: 6188: 6185: 6184: 6179: 6176: 6172: 6169: 6165: 6162: 6158: 6155: 6151: 6148: 6144: 6141: 6137: 6134: 6133: 6128: 6125: 6121: 6118: 6117: 6112: 6109: 6108: 6103: 6100: 6099: 6094: 6091: 6087: 6084: 6080: 6077: 6073: 6072:Monte Cassino 6069: 6066: 6065: 6060: 6059: 6057: 6055: 6051: 6044: 6040: 6035: 6031: 6028: 6024: 6023: 6021: 6017: 6014: 6010: 6007: 6003: 6000: 5996: 5993: 5989: 5984: 5980: 5979: 5977: 5973: 5970: 5966: 5963: 5962: 5957: 5954: 5950: 5947: 5943: 5940: 5936: 5933: 5929: 5926: 5922: 5919: 5915: 5912: 5908: 5905: 5901: 5900: 5898: 5896: 5892: 5885: 5881: 5878: 5877: 5872: 5869: 5865: 5862: 5858: 5855: 5854: 5849: 5846: 5842: 5839: 5835: 5832: 5828: 5825: 5824: 5819: 5814: 5810: 5807: 5803: 5802: 5800: 5796: 5793: 5789: 5786: 5782: 5779: 5775: 5772: 5768: 5765: 5761: 5758: 5754: 5751: 5747: 5744: 5740: 5737: 5733: 5730: 5726: 5725: 5723: 5721: 5717: 5710: 5706: 5703: 5699: 5696: 5692: 5689: 5685: 5682: 5678: 5675: 5671: 5668: 5664: 5661: 5657: 5654: 5650: 5647: 5643: 5640: 5636: 5633: 5629: 5626: 5622: 5619: 5615: 5612: 5608: 5605: 5601: 5598: 5594: 5591: 5587: 5584: 5580: 5576: 5575: 5570: 5566: 5561: 5557: 5556: 5554: 5550: 5547: 5543: 5540: 5536: 5533: 5529: 5526: 5522: 5517: 5513: 5512: 5510: 5506: 5503: 5499: 5496: 5492: 5489: 5485: 5484: 5482: 5480: 5476: 5469: 5468: 5463: 5460: 5456: 5453: 5449: 5446: 5442: 5439: 5438:Baltic states 5435: 5432: 5428: 5425: 5421: 5418: 5414: 5411: 5407: 5404: 5400: 5397: 5393: 5390: 5386: 5383: 5379: 5376: 5372: 5369: 5365: 5362: 5358: 5355: 5351: 5348: 5344: 5341: 5337: 5336: 5334: 5332: 5328: 5321: 5317: 5314: 5310: 5307: 5303: 5300: 5296: 5293: 5289: 5286: 5282: 5279: 5275: 5274: 5272: 5270: 5266: 5257: 5253: 5250: 5246: 5243: 5239: 5236: 5232: 5229: 5225: 5224: 5222: 5218: 5213: 5209: 5206: 5202: 5201: 5199: 5195: 5190: 5186: 5185: 5183: 5179: 5178: 5176: 5174: 5170: 5167: 5165: 5161: 5150: 5146: 5143: 5139: 5134: 5130: 5127: 5123: 5122: 5118: 5113: 5109: 5108: 5106: 5102: 5099: 5095: 5090: 5086: 5083: 5082:United States 5079: 5074: 5070: 5069: 5067: 5063: 5062: 5058: 5055: 5051: 5050: 5048: 5046: 5042: 5035: 5031: 5026: 5022: 5019: 5018:Quốc dân Đảng 5015: 5014: 5010: 5007: 5003: 5000: 4996: 4993: 4989: 4986: 4982: 4979: 4975: 4972: 4968: 4965: 4961: 4958: 4954: 4951: 4947: 4944: 4940: 4937: 4933: 4930: 4926: 4923: 4919: 4916: 4912: 4907: 4903: 4900: 4896: 4895: 4893: 4889: 4886: 4882: 4879: 4875: 4872: 4868: 4865: 4861: 4858: 4854: 4851: 4847: 4844: 4840: 4837: 4833: 4830: 4826: 4823: 4819: 4816: 4812: 4809: 4805: 4802: 4798: 4795: 4791: 4788: 4784: 4781: 4777: 4776: 4774: 4772: 4768: 4761: 4757: 4754: 4750: 4747: 4743: 4740: 4736: 4733: 4729: 4726: 4722: 4719: 4718:Liechtenstein 4715: 4712: 4708: 4705: 4701: 4698: 4694: 4691: 4687: 4686: 4684: 4682: 4678: 4671: 4667: 4664: 4660: 4657: 4653: 4649: 4645: 4642: 4638: 4635: 4631: 4628: 4624: 4619: 4615: 4614: 4611: 4607: 4604: 4600: 4597: 4593: 4590: 4586: 4583: 4579: 4576: 4572: 4568: 4564: 4561: 4557: 4554: 4550: 4546: 4542: 4539: 4535: 4534: 4532: 4530: 4526: 4519: 4515: 4510: 4506: 4505: 4503: 4502:United States 4499: 4494: 4490: 4489: 4487: 4483: 4480: 4476: 4473: 4469: 4466: 4462: 4459: 4455: 4452: 4448: 4444: 4440: 4436: 4433: 4429: 4426: 4422: 4419: 4415: 4412: 4408: 4405: 4401: 4398: 4394: 4391: 4387: 4384: 4380: 4376: 4372: 4368: 4365: 4361: 4358: 4354: 4351: 4347: 4344: 4340: 4336: 4332: 4328: 4324: 4320: 4317: 4313: 4310: 4306: 4303: 4299: 4296: 4292: 4289: 4285: 4282: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4266: 4263: 4259: 4256: 4252: 4249: 4245: 4242: 4238: 4237: 4235: 4233: 4229: 4226: 4224: 4220: 4207: 4203: 4200: 4196: 4193: 4192:Comfort women 4189: 4186: 4182: 4179: 4176: / 4175: 4171: 4168: 4165: / 4164: 4161: / 4160: 4156: 4153: 4152:Camp brothels 4149: 4146: 4142: 4141: 4137: 4134: 4130: 4125: 4121: 4118: 4114: 4113: 4111: 4107: 4102: 4098: 4095: 4091: 4088: 4084: 4083: 4081: 4077: 4074: 4070: 4065: 4061: 4056: 4052: 4049: 4045: 4044: 4042: 4041:The Holocaust 4038: 4035: 4031: 4028: 4027:forced labour 4024: 4023: 4021: 4017: 4012: 4008: 4005: 4001: 3998: 3994: 3993: 3991: 3987: 3986: 3984: 3982: 3978: 3971: 3967: 3964: 3960: 3957: 3953: 3948: 3944: 3941: 3937: 3934: 3930: 3927: 3923: 3922: 3920: 3916: 3913: 3912: 3907: 3904: 3903: 3898: 3895: 3891: 3888: 3884: 3881: 3880:Marshall Plan 3877: 3874: 3873: 3868: 3865: 3861: 3858: 3854: 3851: 3847: 3844: 3840: 3837: 3833: 3830: 3826: 3823: 3819: 3816: 3812: 3811: 3809: 3807: 3803: 3796: 3792: 3787: 3783: 3782: 3780: 3776: 3773: 3769: 3764: 3760: 3757: 3753: 3750: 3746: 3745: 3743: 3739: 3734: 3733:Eastern Front 3730: 3727: 3726:Western Front 3723: 3722: 3720: 3716: 3711: 3707: 3704: 3700: 3697: 3693: 3690: 3686: 3683: 3679: 3676: 3672: 3671: 3669: 3665: 3664: 3662: 3660: 3656: 3649: 3645: 3642: 3638: 3635: 3631: 3628: 3624: 3621: 3620:Puppet states 3617: 3614: 3610: 3607: 3603: 3598: 3594: 3591: 3587: 3586: 3584: 3580: 3577: 3573: 3570: 3566: 3563: 3562:Naval history 3559: 3556: 3552: 3549: 3545: 3542: 3538: 3533: 3529: 3528: 3526: 3522: 3519: 3515: 3510: 3509:United States 3506: 3503: 3499: 3496: 3492: 3491: 3489: 3485: 3482: 3478: 3475: 3471: 3468: 3464: 3461: 3457: 3454: 3450: 3447: 3443: 3438: 3434: 3433: 3431: 3427: 3426: 3424: 3422: 3418: 3415: 3411: 3404: 3400: 3397: 3393: 3388: 3384: 3381: 3377: 3374: 3370: 3369: 3365: 3360: 3356: 3355: 3353: 3349: 3346: 3342: 3341: 3338: 3334: 3327: 3322: 3320: 3315: 3313: 3308: 3307: 3304: 3288: 3284: 3280: 3278: 3274: 3270: 3267: 3264: 3262: 3259: 3257: 3254: 3253: 3235: 3231: 3227: 3225:0-16-001911-7 3221: 3217: 3216: 3210: 3209: 3197: 3193: 3189: 3187:1-84176-914-2 3183: 3179: 3174: 3170: 3168:0-8128-2954-9 3164: 3160: 3155: 3151: 3147: 3143: 3138: 3134: 3130: 3126: 3120: 3116: 3111: 3107: 3101: 3097: 3092: 3088: 3082: 3078: 3073: 3069: 3064: 3060: 3056: 3052: 3050:0-345-02098-7 3046: 3042: 3037: 3033: 3027: 3023: 3018: 3014: 3012:1-84574-068-8 3008: 3004: 2999: 2987: 2983: 2979: 2974: 2970: 2968:1-84415-040-2 2964: 2959: 2958: 2951: 2947: 2945:0-471-41429-8 2941: 2936: 2935: 2928: 2924: 2922:0-7735-2595-5 2918: 2914: 2909: 2905: 2903:0-7006-0277-1 2899: 2895: 2890: 2883: 2879: 2872: 2867: 2863: 2861:0-304-36658-7 2857: 2853: 2848: 2841: 2835: 2831: 2826: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2809: 2805: 2803:0-8050-6288-2 2799: 2794: 2793: 2787: 2783: 2779: 2778: 2773: 2769:published in 2768: 2766: 2760: 2757: 2745: 2741: 2739:0-16-038106-1 2735: 2731: 2727: 2726: 2720: 2716: 2709: 2708: 2702: 2701: 2687: 2680: 2679:Atkinson 2002 2675: 2668: 2663: 2656: 2651: 2644: 2638: 2636: 2628: 2623: 2616: 2615:Westrate 1944 2611: 2604: 2603:Westrate 1944 2599: 2592: 2587: 2580: 2575: 2573: 2565: 2560: 2552: 2545: 2543: 2541: 2533: 2528: 2521: 2516: 2509: 2504: 2497: 2492: 2485: 2480: 2478: 2476: 2474: 2466: 2461: 2454: 2449: 2442: 2437: 2430: 2425: 2418: 2413: 2406: 2405:Atkinson 2002 2401: 2394: 2389: 2382: 2377: 2370: 2365: 2358: 2353: 2346: 2341: 2334: 2329: 2327: 2319: 2314: 2308:, p. 81. 2307: 2302: 2296:, p. 90. 2295: 2290: 2288: 2280: 2275: 2269:, p. 80. 2268: 2263: 2257:, p. 16. 2256: 2255:Anderson 1993 2251: 2244: 2239: 2237: 2229: 2224: 2217: 2212: 2205: 2200: 2198: 2190: 2185: 2179:, p. 72. 2178: 2173: 2166: 2165:Westrate 1944 2161: 2159: 2157: 2155: 2147: 2146:Westrate 1944 2142: 2136:, p. 73. 2135: 2130: 2123: 2118: 2111: 2106: 2099: 2094: 2092: 2084: 2079: 2077: 2069: 2064: 2062: 2054: 2049: 2047: 2039: 2034: 2032: 2024: 2019: 2017: 2015: 2013: 1996: 1992: 1985: 1983: 1981: 1979: 1972: 1967: 1960: 1955: 1953: 1951: 1949: 1947: 1945: 1943: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1912: 1905: 1900: 1893: 1888: 1886: 1879:, p. 74. 1878: 1877:Rottmann 2008 1873: 1871: 1869: 1867: 1862: 1847: 1838: 1828: 1824: 1809: 1806: 1804: 1801: 1799: 1796: 1794: 1791: 1789: 1786: 1784: 1781: 1779: 1776: 1774: 1771: 1770: 1764: 1762: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1744: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1730: 1729:George Patton 1725: 1723: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1705: 1700: 1695: 1693: 1688: 1685: 1684:Major General 1681: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1666: 1657: 1655: 1649: 1645: 1643: 1635: 1634:M3 half-track 1631: 1627: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1608: 1593: 1590: 1581: 1580: 1574: 1565: 1563: 1559: 1554: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1541: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1520: 1515: 1506: 1504: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1482:Paul Robinett 1478: 1468: 1465: 1461: 1456: 1452: 1443: 1439: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1420: 1414: 1408: 1406: 1402: 1394: 1389: 1380: 1378: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1348: 1346: 1342: 1333: 1324: 1318: 1313: 1311: 1307: 1296: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1273: 1271: 1267: 1266:Frühlingswind 1263: 1262: 1254: 1244: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1232:shell scrapes 1221: 1216: 1213: 1208: 1206: 1202: 1193: 1179: 1177: 1165: 1161: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1142: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1127:Run for Tunis 1121: 1116: 1112: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1090: 1086: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1057: 1055: 1051: 1045: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1025: 1024:Major-General 1021: 1017: 1014: 1013:Major General 1010: 1006: 1005:Allied forces 1002: 998: 994: 993: 988: 987: 982: 979: 978: 973: 968: 966: 962: 958: 954: 950: 946: 931: 930: 926: 924: 923: 919: 917: 916: 912: 910: 909: 905: 903: 900: 898: 897:Longstop Hill 895: 893: 890: 888: 885: 883: 880: 878: 875: 873: 872: 868: 866: 863: 861: 858: 856: 855:Run for Tunis 853: 852: 850: 849: 841: 840: 836: 834: 831: 829: 828: 824: 822: 821: 817: 815: 812: 810: 809: 805: 803: 802: 798: 796: 795: 791: 790: 788: 787: 786: 777: 774: 770: 769:Outpost Snipe 767: 766: 765: 762: 760: 759: 755: 751: 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Retrieved 3286: 3237:. Retrieved 3214: 3177: 3158: 3141: 3114: 3095: 3076: 3067: 3040: 3021: 3002: 2992:December 23, 2990:. Retrieved 2986:the original 2981: 2956: 2933: 2912: 2893: 2882:the original 2877: 2851: 2829: 2812: 2791: 2775: 2762: 2748:. Retrieved 2744:the original 2724: 2706: 2686: 2674: 2662: 2650: 2642: 2622: 2610: 2598: 2586: 2559: 2527: 2515: 2503: 2491: 2460: 2448: 2436: 2424: 2412: 2400: 2388: 2376: 2364: 2352: 2340: 2313: 2301: 2274: 2262: 2250: 2223: 2211: 2184: 2172: 2141: 2129: 2117: 2105: 2083:Calhoun 2015 2068:Calhoun 2015 2055:, p. 27 2053:Calhoun 2015 2038:Calhoun 2015 1999:. Retrieved 1995:the original 1966: 1929:. Retrieved 1925:the original 1920: 1911: 1899: 1894:, p. 20 1892:Calhoun 2015 1846: 1837: 1827: 1745: 1726: 1724:in Europe.) 1709:Orlando Ward 1696: 1692:Omar Bradley 1663: 1653: 1650: 1646: 1638: 1615: 1611: 1604: 1588: 1585: 1582:assault guns 1577: 1555: 1524: 1503:Afrika Korps 1502: 1497: 1493: 1490:Bersaglieri, 1489: 1484:and General 1477:Afrika Korps 1476: 1474: 1463: 1454: 1448: 1418: 1413:Afrika Korps 1412: 1409: 1398: 1354: 1344: 1341:Afrika Korps 1340: 1338: 1316: 1314: 1309: 1302: 1285:Afrika Korps 1284: 1274: 1269: 1265: 1259: 1256: 1247:Sidi Bou Zid 1229: 1218: 1209: 1198: 1173: 1163: 1150:Erwin Rommel 1143: 1124: 1063: 1050:Orlando Ward 1046: 1042: 1003:, while the 990: 986:Afrika Korps 984: 981:Erwin Rommel 975: 969: 965:World War II 944: 942: 928: 921: 914: 907: 870: 864: 860:Sidi Bou Zid 846: 838: 833:Port Lyautey 826: 819: 807: 800: 793: 784: 782: 757: 748: 734: 727: 720: 713: 698:Mersa Matruh 657: 650: 643: 636: 629: 622:Twin Pimples 605: 573:Sidi Barrani 563:Fort Capuzzo 556: 542: 485: 478: 471: 464: 427: 416: 412:Sidi Bou Zid 347:608 captured 337: 253:Erwin Rommel 133:Belligerents 124:Axis victory 37:World War II 31:Part of the 18: 6305:Bodenplatte 6191:Gothic Line 5417:West Africa 4964:Philippines 4943:Netherlands 4808:Czech lands 4746:Switzerland 4690:Afghanistan 4641:Philippines 4509:Puerto Rico 4425:Philippines 4411:New Zealand 4397:Netherlands 4350:Free France 4101:Prosecution 3902:Osoaviakhim 3772:West Africa 3756:East Africa 3403:Conferences 2772:"No. 37779" 2655:D'Este 2003 2520:Watson 2007 2496:Watson 2007 2484:Murphy 2006 2453:Watson 2007 2393:Tucker 2012 2381:Walker 2006 2306:Watson 2007 2294:Watson 2007 2279:Watson 2007 2267:Watson 2007 2189:Watson 2007 2177:Watson 2007 2134:Watson 2007 1931:January 19, 1904:Heller 1986 1496:group from 1486:Terry Allen 1451:Bersaglieri 1234:instead of 1220:everywhere. 1154:Mareth Line 1078:Eighth Army 972:Axis forces 922:Retribution 892:Wadi Akarit 882:Mareth Line 764:2nd Alamein 703:1st Alamein 606:Sonnenblume 479:Retribution 449:Wadi Akarit 439:Mareth Line 332:Free France 171:Free France 108: / 6597:Categories 6405:West Hunan 6238:Pointblank 5574:Silver Fox 5560:Summer War 5313:Winter War 5292:Phoney War 5073:Azerbaijan 5034:Yugoslavia 4929:Luxembourg 4771:Resistance 4518:Yugoslavia 4383:Luxembourg 4185:Sook Ching 3981:War crimes 3583:Technology 3576:Opposition 3518:Lend-Lease 3495:Australian 3488:Home front 3446:Blitzkrieg 3396:Casualties 3387:Commanders 3359:Operations 2765:First Army 2697:References 2591:Lewin 2004 2579:Lewin 2004 2429:Kelly 2002 1761:autocannon 1699:First Army 1660:Eisenhower 1568:Withdrawal 1505:position. 1270:Morgenluft 1060:Background 1031:First Army 887:El Guettar 871:Ochsenkopf 814:Casablanca 808:Blackstone 776:El Agheila 743:Camouflage 708:Alam Halfa 691:Bir Hakeim 444:El Guettar 428:Ochsenkopf 313:3,000 POWs 93:35°15′35″N 6470:Manchuria 6356:Indochina 6132:Bagration 5583:Lithuania 5228:Anschluss 5025:Viet Minh 4922:Lithuania 4864:Hong Kong 4634:Manchukuo 4589:Azad Hind 4248:Australia 4048:Aftermath 3911:Paperclip 3806:Aftermath 3606:Total war 3474:Diplomacy 3437:In Europe 2854:. Orion. 1858:Citations 1819:Footnotes 1704:XIX Corps 1654:Luftwaffe 1596:Aftermath 1579:Semovente 1494:Semovente 1436:Nickforce 1383:Kasserine 1371:from the 1312:in Rome. 1187:Faïd Pass 1054:U.S. Army 974:, led by 839:Brushwood 820:Reservist 714:Agreement 681:Fort Lamy 644:Battleaxe 588:Beda Fomm 422:Sedjenane 96:8°44′33″E 80:Kasserine 6581:Category 6530:document 6440:document 6297:Ardennes 6281:Budapest 6229:Crossbow 6107:Overlord 5946:Smolensk 5164:Timeline 4999:Slovakia 4985:Thailand 4836:Ethiopia 4801:Bulgaria 4725:Portugal 4663:Thailand 4545:Bulgaria 4323:Eswatini 4316:Ethiopia 4269:Bulgaria 4094:Unit 731 4055:Response 3872:Keelhaul 3822:Cold War 3795:Americas 3786:timeline 3779:Atlantic 3659:Theaters 3269:Archived 3234:23304011 3196:60793211 3150:13163146 3133:40595324 2788:(2002). 2761:(1946). 2750:July 12, 2001:July 31, 1767:See also 1737:II Corps 1607:materiel 1576:Italian 1498:Centauro 1464:Centauro 1460:Bülowius 1455:Centauro 1419:Centauro 1236:foxholes 1223:— 1167:— 1135:division 1009:II Corps 992:Centauro 902:Hill 609 877:Medenine 827:Terminal 794:Flagpole 758:Braganza 651:Crusader 637:Skorpion 600:Giarabub 459:Hill 609 434:Medenine 281:Strength 74:Location 6507:Shumshu 6274:Hungary 6221:Estonia 6205:Lapland 6183:Dragoon 6116:Neptune 6098:Ichi-Go 6064:Tempest 6006:Changde 5961:Cottage 5853:Jubilee 5569:Finland 5467:Compass 5173:Prelude 5126:Finland 5012:Vietnam 4978:Romania 4850:Germany 4829:Estonia 4815:Denmark 4794:Belgium 4787:Austria 4780:Albania 4711:Ireland 4697:Andorra 4681:Neutral 4648:Romania 4582:Hungary 4567:Finland 4439:Romania 4331:Finland 4309:Denmark 4255:Belgium 4241:Algeria 3947:Romania 3933:Hungary 3689:Pacific 3413:General 3367:Leaders 3352:Battles 3345:Outline 3239:June 2, 2821:3947767 1832:passes. 1757:.50 BMG 1676:General 1665:General 1289:Feriana 1281:Sbeitla 1182:Prelude 1146:Tripoli 1139:Bizerta 1093:Italian 1070:Algeria 957:Tunisia 848:Tunisia 801:Kingpin 749:Bertram 728:Caravan 658:Flipper 630:Brevity 583:Mechili 568:Nibeiwa 557:Compass 185:Germany 84:Tunisia 53:of the 6484:Debate 6456:Taipei 6449:Borneo 6027:Tarawa 5221:Europe 5182:Africa 4971:Poland 4957:Norway 4936:Malaya 4915:Latvia 4857:Greece 4843:France 4739:Sweden 4704:Bhutan 4432:Poland 4418:Norway 4390:Mexico 4357:Greece 4343:France 4281:Canada 4262:Brazil 4232:Allies 4178:Serbia 4167:Poland 3940:Poland 3926:Baltic 3719:Europe 3421:Topics 3373:Allied 3232: 3222: 3194: 3184: 3165: 3148: 3131: 3121: 3102: 3083: 3059:104309 3057: 3047: 3028: 3009: 2965: 2942: 2919: 2900: 2858: 2836: 2819: 2800: 2736: 1630:Rommel 1621:Rommel 1558:Le Kef 1393:M3 Lee 1327:Battle 1169:Rommel 1160:, was 1101:Allied 1097:Sicily 929:Strike 908:Vulcan 735:Nicety 721:Bigamy 686:Gazala 612:Tobruk 578:Bardia 486:Strike 465:Vulcan 329: 305: 289:22,000 286:30,000 196: 182: 168: 156: 144: 121:Result 6260:Leyte 6090:Narva 6076:Anzio 6034:Makin 5992:Burma 5876:Torch 5845:Rzhev 5806:Kiska 4892:Korea 4878:Japan 4871:Italy 4753:Tibet 4732:Spain 4610:Italy 4371:Italy 4364:India 4288:China 4163:Japan 3763:Italy 3675:China 3627:Women 2885:(PDF) 2874:(PDF) 2711:(PDF) 1814:Notes 1753:Stuka 1741:Gafsa 1509:Thala 1351:Sbiba 1320:' 1158:Libya 1131:Tunis 1109:Malta 785:Torch 595:Kufra 338:Total 199:Italy 6326:1945 6054:1944 5895:1943 5823:Blue 5813:Attu 5720:1942 5479:1941 5331:1940 5269:1939 5198:Asia 5045:POWs 4885:Jews 4603:Iraq 4529:Axis 4479:Tuva 4295:Cuba 3380:Axis 3295:2012 3241:2015 3230:OCLC 3220:ISBN 3192:OCLC 3182:ISBN 3163:ISBN 3146:OCLC 3129:OCLC 3119:ISBN 3100:ISBN 3081:ISBN 3055:OCLC 3045:ISBN 3026:ISBN 3007:ISBN 2994:2007 2963:ISBN 2940:ISBN 2917:ISBN 2898:ISBN 2856:ISBN 2834:ISBN 2817:OCLC 2798:ISBN 2752:2010 2734:ISBN 2003:2016 1933:2008 1678:Sir 1475:The 1176:Faïd 1125:The 1105:Axis 1068:and 970:The 943:The 915:Flax 472:Flax 66:Date 1391:An 1258:to 1040:). 963:of 35:of 6599:: 6074:/ 3285:. 3228:. 3190:. 3127:. 3053:. 2980:. 2876:. 2774:. 2732:. 2634:^ 2571:^ 2539:^ 2472:^ 2325:^ 2286:^ 2235:^ 2196:^ 2153:^ 2090:^ 2075:^ 2060:^ 2045:^ 2030:^ 2011:^ 1977:^ 1941:^ 1919:. 1884:^ 1865:^ 1553:. 1492:a 1295:. 1148:, 967:. 82:, 5577:) 5571:( 4445:) 4441:( 4377:) 4373:( 4337:) 4333:( 4275:) 4271:( 3325:e 3318:t 3311:v 3297:. 3243:. 3198:. 3171:. 3152:. 3135:. 3108:. 3089:. 3070:. 3061:. 3034:. 3015:. 2996:. 2971:. 2948:. 2925:. 2906:. 2864:. 2842:. 2823:. 2806:. 2754:. 2717:. 2657:. 2553:. 2005:. 1935:. 1426:( 1080:( 1033:( 1022:( 1011:( 521:e 514:t 507:v 384:e 377:t 370:v 340::

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Knowledge

Battle of Kasserine Pass

Index