44:
124:
138:
1773:
1513:
109:
1769:, a village about 10 kilometres away on the left bank of the Adda. One suggestion is his decision was based on deliberate misinformation from a Spanish officer serving in the French army who was in reality an Austrian agent. After marching overnight from Romanengo, Imperial troops were already nearing the crossing point when they were spotted by a French cavalry patrol early next morning; realising their intentions, Vendôme hurried towards Cassano with around 2,000 cavalry, ordering the rest of his army to follow as quickly as possible.
152:
1750:
1562:
1618:
1604:
1590:
1576:
1548:
1534:
1632:
1520:
1757:
A deep and fast-flowing river, the Adda had limited crossing points, especially for large bodies of men. The town of
Cassano was on the right bank, with a stone bridge protected by a small fortification or redoubt. The area was also divided by numerous small streams and irrigation channels, the most
1825:
Nearly 25% of those engaged became casualties, Vendôme losing around 5,000 killed or wounded out of 22,000, his opponents over 4,500 killed, wounded or captured from 24,000. French military historian De Périni suggests French casualties of 2,728 killed or wounded, with
Imperialist losses of around
1784:
On arrival, he found
Philippe's troops in the process of moving and in an extremely dangerous position, with the bulk of their force caught between the Retorto canal and the Adda, and the main bridge blocked by their transport. Vendôme ordered the baggage thrown into the river, and formed a line
1808:
gates, which they closed, lowering the water level in the canal enough for men to wade across it. Prince Eugene ordered
Leopold and his Prussians into the canal to assault the French left; they managed to seize the further bank, but suffered heavily in doing so. The battle surged back and forth
1818:
1809:
across the river, in the course of which Vendôme had his horse killed under him, while Prince Eugene was wounded twice and had to leave the field. The fighting lasted between three and five hours until ended by sheer exhaustion with the opposing forces back in their original positions.
1846:
to make it seem he had decided to stay there for the winter. Vendôme returned to
Southern Piedmont to meet with La Feuillade, but it was now October, and they decided it was too late in the year to attack Turin. Nevertheless, Victor Amadeus' position remained precarious; in December,
1858:
in May 1706 forced Louis XIV to recall Vendôme from Italy, leaving the less competent La
Feuillade in command. On 15 August, Prince Eugene began his advance on Turin, which he reached on 29th in a series of marches seen as comparable in skill and execution to
1366:
The battle is generally viewed as inconclusive since while Vendôme prevented him crossing the Adda, Prince Eugene achieved his primary aim of delaying their assault on Turin until 1706. Vendôme and many of his troops were recalled to France after the
1830:, a French officer who was badly wounded in the battle, reports similar casualty figures of 3,000 and 5,000 respectively; he also suggests that if Vendôme had called on the troops left at Rivolta d'Adda, he might have won a significant victory.
1841:
considers it a 'minor French tactical victory', but essentially inconclusive. The two sides spent the next few weeks watching each other; Prince Eugene quickly recovered from his injuries and in early
October began building barracks at
1721:
as he did so. In order to relieve the pressure on Turin, Prince Eugene began marching along the left bank of the Adda, which allowed him to threaten Milan. With
Philippe and 10,000 men blocking the closest suitable crossing point at
1733:, they constructed a pontoon bridge under cover of artillery fire and Vendôme prepared to defend the crossing. This was a feint; after a perfunctory attempt to cross, Prince Eugene burned the bridge and headed towards
1136:
1031:
2074:
2072:
543:
250:
2069:
986:
1176:
1151:
1026:
1250:
1272:
1046:
824:
43:
1220:
448:
283:
1066:
894:
889:
844:
1186:
513:
373:
956:
854:
580:
685:
625:
585:
313:
1205:
368:
318:
2202:
2078:
737:
458:
403:
1654:
Despite their alliance, Leopold mis-trusted Victor
Amadeus, whose ultimate goal was to gain possession of Milan, while his resources were focused on suppressing an
1091:
899:
640:
620:
358:
518:
1245:
1210:
929:
904:
884:
695:
538:
493:
323:
308:
243:
1789:
on the left, his centre around the main bridge, and his extreme right resting on the road leading to
Rivolta d'Adda, where his brother was positioned with four
1737:. He then doubled back, hoping to catch the detachment at Cassano by surprise before they could be reinforced by the main French army, and on 14 August reached
1200:
991:
914:
829:
784:
747:
690:
610:
533:
418:
293:
288:
1800:
and initially succeeded in capturing the bridge, before being repulsed by St Hilaire's guns, and a French counter-attack. Vendôme sent four regiments of the
2571:
966:
799:
732:
710:
675:
665:
600:
363:
348:
1240:
488:
1867:
in 1704. After the siege was lifted in September, remaining French forces in Italy were withdrawn and fighting in Northern Italy ended with the March 1707
1156:
1011:
809:
804:
660:
590:
443:
388:
1166:
1161:
849:
834:
645:
595:
333:
328:
1215:
1171:
1096:
1071:
924:
700:
353:
236:
1051:
2348:
1111:
839:
393:
819:
814:
655:
498:
1512:
423:
2510:
1762:, an irrigation canal running parallel to the Adda. This was connected to the left bank by another bridge, protected by another strongpoint.
20:
2079:
A Brief Historical Sketch of the Irish Infantry Regiment of Dillon and the Irish Stuart Regiments in the Service of France, 1690–1791 1905
1363:. Although taken by surprise, the French managed to hold the bridge after several hours of combat, both sides suffering heavy casualties.
2203:"A Brief Historical Sketch of the Irish Infantry Regiment of Dillon and the Irish Stuart Regiments in the Service of France, 1690–1791".
1793:. Armand St Hilaire, the French artillery commander, positioned his guns inside the town, allowing him to fire directly on the bridge.
1645:
1860:
1355:. With Savoy on the brink of defeat, Imperial general Prince Eugene tried to relieve the pressure on Turin by crossing the River
1061:
2324:
L'esprit du chevalier Folard, tiré de ses "Commentaires sur l'histoire de Polybe", pour l'usage d'un officier, de main de maître
2576:
1765:
Assuming Prince Eugene was heading for Mantua, Vendôme ordered his brother to leave Cassano, and take up blocking positions at
2591:
2261:
1655:
1193:
1710:
1479:
1436:
1344:
2566:
2556:
2479:
2460:
2441:
2403:
2365:
2332:
1671:
1181:
720:
185:
1713:
to complete the capture of Nice, in July Vendôme moved to reinforce his brother, capturing the Savoyard fortresses at
2561:
2311:
2292:
2282:
History in Legal Doctrine; Vattel and Réal De Curban on the Spanish Succession; the War of the Spanish Succession in
1667:
1698:
170:
1230:
976:
2498:
2422:
2384:
2233:
1827:
1440:
1086:
630:
1463:
1444:
1388:
1336:
1309:
725:
260:
35:
1663:
879:
1749:
1021:
996:
1851:
finally surrendered, and his possessions north of the Alps were held by France until the end of the war.
961:
523:
2415:
Military History of the Irish Nation: Comprising a Memoir of the Irish Brigade in the Service of France;
2551:
981:
453:
298:
1277:
1662:, to assume command in Italy, along with men and money, a policy continued after his death in May by
1267:
1106:
1016:
1001:
939:
2322:
1081:
951:
789:
715:
705:
548:
503:
2581:
1772:
1282:
1101:
1006:
468:
2254:
Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492-2015
1462:'s southern borders. In March 1701, both cities were occupied by French troops in alliance with
1041:
2586:
2396:
The Wars in the Age of Louis XIV, 1650-1715: An Encyclopedia of Global Warfare and Civilization
1801:
1659:
1432:
1329:
1235:
1146:
909:
757:
752:
680:
650:
570:
408:
181:
1694:
1121:
174:
919:
575:
565:
483:
463:
433:
413:
303:
1848:
1777:
1726:, Vendôme led a mobile reserve along the right bank tracking the Imperialists on the left.
1487:
1471:
1459:
1292:
1287:
971:
864:
635:
615:
605:
508:
478:
473:
438:
49:
8:
1868:
1855:
1412:
1400:
1392:
1376:
1368:
1131:
934:
869:
742:
553:
428:
398:
2342:
1864:
1675:
1423:. In July 1701, disputes over territorial and commercial rights led to war between the
1262:
1141:
670:
383:
378:
143:
1225:
2494:
2475:
2456:
2437:
2418:
2399:
2380:
2361:
2328:
2307:
2288:
2257:
2229:
1766:
1723:
1428:
1396:
1340:
1325:
1313:
1126:
1116:
1076:
794:
779:
338:
228:
129:
114:
72:
1321:
2212:
1424:
1036:
774:
528:
343:
1804:
to reinforce his left, but after a fierce struggle, the Imperialists captured the
1478:, Victor Amadeus switched sides in October 1703. During 1704, French forces under
1491:
1455:
769:
1834:
1679:
1467:
1451:
1404:
1372:
1348:
1056:
874:
2216:
2545:
2525:
2512:
1475:
1838:
1706:
1356:
1714:
1320:, Italy. It was fought between a French army of 22,000 commanded by the
1474:
married Philip V. Following a series of British naval victories in the
1450:
The war in Northern Italy centred on the Spanish-controlled Duchies of
1837:
by nearly a year, he claimed Cassano as a victory, although historian
1826:
6,000, including nearly 2,000 taken prisoner. In his own account, the
1843:
1738:
1420:
2321:
Folard, Jean Charles, Chevalier (1761). Frederick the Great (ed.).
1790:
1718:
1686:
1503:
1375:
in September; fighting in Northern Italy ended with the March 1707
1317:
76:
1701:
and known as the "Grand Prior". The Imperial army quickly reached
1730:
1702:
1658:. However, with Savoy close to defeat, he sent his best general,
1817:
1796:
Around 14:00, Imperial grenadiers attacked positions around the
1805:
1734:
2453:
Victor Amadeus II: Absolutism in the Savoyard State, 1675-1730
2144:
2280:
Dhondt, Frederik (2015). De Ruysscher, D; Capelle, K (eds.).
1705:, forcing them to abandon these positions and retreat to the
1690:
1499:
1416:
1408:
1391:
was triggered by the death in November 1700 of the childless
1360:
1352:
157:
80:
1495:
1483:
2057:
2045:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1494:. By May 1705, Victor Amadeus controlled only the city of
2096:
2006:
1649:
Northern Italy; note Cassano's position on the River Adda
1458:, which Leopold considered essential for the security of
2120:
2108:
2023:
2021:
1965:
1932:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1916:
2256:(4th ed.). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland.
2168:
1994:
1982:
1347:. By August 1705, the French had occupied most of the
258:
2156:
2132:
2084:
2033:
2018:
1903:
1901:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1833:
Since Prince Eugene achieved his aim of delaying the
1913:
1371:
in May 1706, allowing the Imperialists to break the
2180:
1953:
120:
1898:
1881:
2543:
2491:German Armies: War and German Society, 1648-1806
2245:Militär-historisches Kriegs-Lexikon (1618-1905)
1753:Engraving of the bridge at Cassano, circa 1810
1403:, who on 16 November 1700 became ruler of the
2226:The history of Francis-Eugene Prince of Savoy
244:
2572:Battles of the War of the Spanish Succession
2347:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1729:When the Imperial army reached Iveza in the
2469:
2412:
2304:The War of the Spanish Succession 1701-1714
2150:
2063:
2051:
2012:
1685:At the beginning of 1705, French troops in
1482:captured Savoyard territories north of the
2251:
2205:Royal United Services Institution. Journal
1947:
251:
237:
2273:Batailles françaises, Volume VI 1700-1782
2270:
2126:
2114:
1976:
1670:were reinforced by 8,000 Prussians under
1308:took place on 16 August 1705, during the
134:
21:Battle of Cassano d'Adda (disambiguation)
2470:Ward, William; Leathes, Stanley (1912).
2431:
1988:
1816:
1771:
1748:
105:
2301:
2284:Legal history; moving in new directions
2174:
148:
2544:
2488:
2450:
2320:
2279:
2242:
2223:
2162:
2138:
2102:
2090:
2039:
2027:
2000:
1926:
2393:
2355:
1959:
1892:
232:
2374:
2186:
1907:
1351:, with the exception of its capital
2434:Queen Anne; the Politics of Passion
2358:The Art of War in the Western World
2327:(in French) (2011 ed.). Nabu.
1561:
1470:, in return for which his daughter
13:
2417:(2017 ed.). Forgotten Books.
1821:Leopold I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau
221:6,050 killed, wounded or captured
14:
2603:
223:4,500 killed, wounded or captured
1711:Louis d'Aubusson de La Feuillade
1630:
1617:
1616:
1602:
1588:
1574:
1560:
1546:
1532:
1518:
1511:
150:
136:
122:
107:
42:
2377:The Wars of Louis XIV 1667-1714
2211:(325): 302–305. February 1905.
1603:
1589:
1575:
1547:
1689:were holding a line along the
1533:
278:Low Countries and Upper France
1:
2577:1705 in the Habsburg monarchy
1874:
1631:
1519:
1445:Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor
1389:War of the Spanish Succession
1382:
1310:War of the Spanish Succession
36:War of the Spanish Succession
2592:Military history of Lombardy
2472:The Cambridge Modern History
2228:(2010 ed.). Gale ECCO.
1812:
1741:, about 40 kilometres away.
1693:river, under the command of
1359:at Cassano, and threatening
7:
1339:repudiated his treaty with
10:
2608:
2196:
1776:The bridge at Cassano, by
1407:. In addition to mainland
48:The Battle of Cassano, by
18:
2567:Battles involving Prussia
2557:Battles involving Austria
2451:Symcox, Geoffrey (1983).
2413:O'Conor, Matthew (1845).
2271:De Périni, Hardÿ (1896).
2217:10.1080/03071840509418684
1744:
1697:, younger brother of the
1421:Central and South America
764:Italy and Southern France
274:
208:
191:
164:
99:
55:
41:
33:
28:
2562:Battles involving France
1672:Leopold of Anhalt-Dessau
1502:, and parts of Southern
524:Grovestins' Cavalry Raid
216:2,728 killed or wounded
186:Leopold of Anhalt-Dessau
2474:(2010 ed.). Nabu.
2432:Somerset, Anne (2012).
2302:Falkner, James (2015).
2252:Clodfelter, M. (2017).
2052:Ward & Leathes 1912
2013:Ward & Leathes 1912
1395:. He named his heir as
560:Germany and Upper Rhine
218:3,000 killed or wounded
214:5,000 killed or wounded
2489:Wilson, Peter (1998).
2394:Nolan, Cathal (2008).
2356:Jones, Archer (1997).
1822:
1781:
1758:significant being the
1754:
1439:, whose candidate was
1330:Prince Eugene of Savoy
1328:force of 24,000 under
1062:Santa Cruz de Tenerife
165:Commanders and leaders
2455:. Thames and Hudson.
2224:Bancks, John (1745).
1820:
1775:
1752:
1709:. Leaving his deputy
1674:, who were funded by
987:Valencia de Alcántara
209:Casualties and losses
2360:. Barnes and Noble.
2275:. Ernest Flammarion.
1778:Jean-Baptiste Martin
1646:class=notpageimage|
1472:Maria Luisa of Savoy
1411:, this included the
50:Jan van Huchtenburgh
19:For other uses, see
2522: /
2375:Lynn, John (1999).
2243:Bodart, G. (1908).
2153:, pp. 301–310.
2105:, pp. 101–102.
2081:, pp. 302–305.
1869:Convention of Milan
1865:march to the Danube
1695:Philippe de Vendôme
1656:uprising in Hungary
1413:Spanish Netherlands
1401:Louis XIV of France
1393:Charles II of Spain
1377:Convention of Milan
1369:Battle of Ramillies
825:Castelnuovo Bormida
175:Philippe de Vendôme
2526:45.5333°N 9.5167°E
1823:
1782:
1755:
1087:2nd Ciudad Rodrigo
1027:1st Ciudad Rodrigo
263:Spanish Succession
2552:Conflicts in 1705
2306:. Pen and Sword.
2263:978-0-7864-7470-7
2003:, pp. 16–17.
1785:running from the
1498:, his capital of
1464:Victor Amadeus II
1443:, younger son of
1427:-led kingdoms of
1415:, large parts of
1337:Victor Amadeus II
1335:In October 1703,
1306:Battle of Cassano
1301:
1300:
946:Iberian Peninsula
359:2nd Fort Isabella
284:1st Fort Isabella
227:
226:
178:Armand St Hilaire
130:Habsburg monarchy
95:
94:
29:Battle of Cassano
2599:
2537:
2536:
2534:
2533:
2532:
2527:
2523:
2520:
2519:
2518:
2515:
2504:
2485:
2466:
2447:
2428:
2409:
2390:
2371:
2352:
2346:
2338:
2317:
2298:
2276:
2267:
2248:
2239:
2220:
2190:
2184:
2178:
2172:
2166:
2160:
2154:
2148:
2142:
2136:
2130:
2124:
2118:
2112:
2106:
2100:
2094:
2088:
2082:
2076:
2067:
2061:
2055:
2049:
2043:
2037:
2031:
2025:
2016:
2010:
2004:
1998:
1992:
1986:
1980:
1974:
1963:
1957:
1951:
1945:
1930:
1924:
1911:
1905:
1896:
1890:
1828:Chevalier Folard
1634:
1633:
1620:
1619:
1606:
1605:
1592:
1591:
1578:
1577:
1564:
1563:
1550:
1549:
1536:
1535:
1522:
1521:
1515:
957:Castello de Vide
269:
268:
253:
246:
239:
230:
229:
160:
156:
154:
153:
146:
142:
140:
139:
132:
128:
126:
125:
117:
113:
111:
110:
57:
56:
46:
26:
25:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2597:
2596:
2542:
2541:
2531:45.5333; 9.5167
2530:
2528:
2524:
2521:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2509:
2508:
2501:
2482:
2463:
2444:
2425:
2406:
2387:
2368:
2340:
2339:
2335:
2314:
2295:
2264:
2236:
2199:
2194:
2193:
2185:
2181:
2173:
2169:
2161:
2157:
2149:
2145:
2137:
2133:
2125:
2121:
2113:
2109:
2101:
2097:
2089:
2085:
2077:
2070:
2062:
2058:
2050:
2046:
2038:
2034:
2026:
2019:
2011:
2007:
1999:
1995:
1987:
1983:
1975:
1966:
1958:
1954:
1948:Clodfelter 2017
1946:
1933:
1925:
1914:
1906:
1899:
1891:
1882:
1877:
1863:'s more famous
1815:
1747:
1668:Imperial troops
1652:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1642:
1641:
1640:
1639:
1635:
1627:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1599:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1585:
1584:
1583:
1579:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1557:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1543:
1542:
1541:
1537:
1529:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1492:County of Savoy
1480:de La Feuillade
1397:Philip of Anjou
1385:
1343:and joined the
1302:
1297:
1268:Cap de la Roque
880:2nd Castiglione
785:1st Castiglione
270:
266:
265:
262:
259:
257:
222:
217:
215:
203:
198:
184:
177:
173:
151:
149:
147:
137:
135:
133:
123:
121:
108:
106:
83:
47:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2605:
2595:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2582:1705 in France
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2506:
2505:
2499:
2486:
2481:978-1174382055
2480:
2467:
2462:978-0500870105
2461:
2448:
2443:978-0007203765
2442:
2429:
2423:
2410:
2405:978-0313330469
2404:
2391:
2385:
2372:
2367:978-0760707340
2366:
2353:
2334:978-1173641139
2333:
2318:
2312:
2299:
2293:
2277:
2268:
2262:
2249:
2240:
2234:
2221:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2189:, p. 310.
2179:
2177:, p. 255.
2167:
2165:, p. 123.
2155:
2143:
2141:, p. 195.
2131:
2129:, p. 146.
2127:De Périni 1896
2119:
2117:, p. 145.
2115:De Périni 1896
2107:
2095:
2093:, p. 105.
2083:
2068:
2066:, p. 299.
2056:
2054:, p. 415.
2044:
2042:, p. 120.
2032:
2030:, p. 149.
2017:
2015:, p. 412.
2005:
1993:
1991:, p. 168.
1981:
1979:, p. 151.
1977:De Périni 1896
1964:
1962:, p. 286.
1952:
1931:
1929:, p. 143.
1912:
1910:, p. 301.
1897:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1835:Siege of Turin
1814:
1811:
1767:Rivolta d'Adda
1746:
1743:
1724:Cassano d'Adda
1699:duc de Vendôme
1680:Dutch Republic
1664:Emperor Joseph
1644:
1643:
1637:
1636:
1629:
1628:
1623:
1622:
1615:
1614:
1609:
1608:
1601:
1600:
1595:
1594:
1587:
1586:
1581:
1580:
1573:
1572:
1567:
1566:
1559:
1558:
1553:
1552:
1545:
1544:
1539:
1538:
1531:
1530:
1525:
1524:
1517:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1508:
1437:Grand Alliance
1419:, and much of
1405:Spanish Empire
1399:, grandson of
1384:
1381:
1373:Siege of Turin
1349:Savoyard state
1345:Grand Alliance
1322:duc de Vendôme
1314:Cassano d'Adda
1299:
1298:
1296:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1231:Saint Gotthard
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1190:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
948:
947:
943:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
790:Santa Vittoria
787:
782:
777:
772:
766:
765:
761:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
729:
728:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
562:
561:
557:
556:
551:
546:
544:2nd Le Quesnoy
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
514:1st Le Quesnoy
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
471:
466:
461:
459:Saint Ghislain
456:
451:
446:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
376:
371:
366:
361:
356:
351:
346:
341:
336:
331:
326:
321:
316:
311:
306:
301:
296:
291:
286:
280:
279:
275:
272:
271:
256:
255:
248:
241:
233:
225:
224:
219:
211:
210:
206:
205:
200:
194:
193:
189:
188:
179:
171:duc de Vendôme
167:
166:
162:
161:
118:
102:
101:
97:
96:
93:
92:
91:Inconclusive
89:
85:
84:
73:Cassano d'Adda
71:
69:
65:
64:
63:16 August 1705
61:
53:
52:
39:
38:
31:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2604:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2587:1705 in Italy
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2502:
2496:
2493:. Routledge.
2492:
2487:
2483:
2477:
2473:
2468:
2464:
2458:
2454:
2449:
2445:
2439:
2435:
2430:
2426:
2420:
2416:
2411:
2407:
2401:
2398:. Greenwood.
2397:
2392:
2388:
2382:
2378:
2373:
2369:
2363:
2359:
2354:
2350:
2344:
2336:
2330:
2326:
2325:
2319:
2315:
2313:9781473872905
2309:
2305:
2300:
2296:
2294:9789046607589
2290:
2286:
2283:
2278:
2274:
2269:
2265:
2259:
2255:
2250:
2246:
2241:
2237:
2231:
2227:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2201:
2200:
2188:
2183:
2176:
2171:
2164:
2159:
2152:
2147:
2140:
2135:
2128:
2123:
2116:
2111:
2104:
2099:
2092:
2087:
2080:
2075:
2073:
2065:
2060:
2053:
2048:
2041:
2036:
2029:
2024:
2022:
2014:
2009:
2002:
1997:
1990:
1989:Somerset 2012
1985:
1978:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1961:
1956:
1950:, p. 70.
1949:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1928:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1909:
1904:
1902:
1895:, p. 72.
1894:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1880:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1836:
1831:
1829:
1819:
1810:
1807:
1803:
1802:Irish Brigade
1799:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1779:
1774:
1770:
1768:
1763:
1761:
1751:
1742:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1727:
1725:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1683:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1660:Prince Eugene
1657:
1647:
1514:
1507:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1476:Mediterranean
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1448:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1380:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1333:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1283:Cabrita Point
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1257:Naval battles
1256:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1182:4th Barcelona
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1017:3rd Barcelona
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1002:2nd Barcelona
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
982:2nd Gibraltar
980:
978:
975:
973:
972:1st Gibraltar
970:
968:
965:
963:
962:1st Barcelona
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
949:
945:
944:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
767:
763:
762:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
727:
724:
723:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
647:
644:
642:
639:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
602:
599:
597:
594:
592:
589:
587:
584:
582:
579:
577:
574:
572:
569:
567:
564:
563:
559:
558:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
455:
452:
450:
447:
445:
442:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
385:
382:
380:
377:
375:
372:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
355:
352:
350:
347:
345:
342:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
317:
315:
312:
310:
307:
305:
302:
300:
297:
295:
292:
290:
287:
285:
282:
281:
277:
276:
273:
264:
254:
249:
247:
242:
240:
235:
234:
231:
220:
213:
212:
207:
201:
196:
195:
190:
187:
183:
182:Prince Eugene
180:
176:
172:
169:
168:
163:
159:
145:
131:
119:
116:
104:
103:
98:
90:
87:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
67:
66:
62:
59:
58:
54:
51:
45:
40:
37:
32:
27:
22:
2539:
2507:
2490:
2471:
2452:
2433:
2414:
2395:
2376:
2357:
2323:
2303:
2285:
2281:
2272:
2253:
2244:
2225:
2208:
2204:
2182:
2175:Falkner 2015
2170:
2158:
2151:O'Conor 1845
2146:
2134:
2122:
2110:
2098:
2086:
2064:O'Conor 1845
2059:
2047:
2035:
2008:
1996:
1984:
1955:
1853:
1839:John A. Lynn
1832:
1824:
1797:
1795:
1786:
1783:
1780:, circa 1725
1764:
1759:
1756:
1728:
1684:
1653:
1488:Villefranche
1449:
1386:
1365:
1334:
1305:
1303:
1293:Lizard Point
1273:Cape Spartel
1147:Villaviciosa
930:Fenestrelles
859:
716:2nd Haguenau
706:1st Haguenau
686:2nd Trarbach
651:Schellenberg
621:Munderkingen
586:1st Trarbach
566:Kaiserswerth
549:2nd Bouchain
504:1st Bouchain
494:Saint-Venant
309:Stevensweert
100:Belligerents
34:Part of the
2529: /
2379:. Longman.
2163:Folard 1761
2139:Bancks 1745
2103:Folard 1761
2091:Folard 1761
2040:Wilson 1998
2028:Symcox 1983
2001:Dhondt 2015
1927:Bodart 1908
1861:Marlborough
1715:Crescentino
1568:Crescentino
1466:, ruler of
1288:Beachy Head
1251:Nagymajtény
1221:Nagyszombat
1206:Schmöllnitz
1187:2nd Majorca
1047:1st Majorca
992:Albuquerque
895:Pizzigetone
890:Alessandria
738:3rd Hagenau
696:Lauterbourg
691:Wissembourg
576:Friedlingen
534:Marchiennes
449:Hondschoote
419:Dendermonde
294:Saint Donas
16:1705 battle
2546:Categories
2514:45°32′00″N
2500:1857281063
2436:. Harper.
2424:1330370775
2386:0582056292
2235:1170621236
1960:Jones 1997
1893:Nolan 2008
1875:References
1854:Defeat at
1435:, and the
1383:Background
1201:Eisenstadt
1177:2nd Girona
1152:1st Girona
1137:2nd Madrid
1042:El Albujón
1032:1st Madrid
967:Portalegre
800:Borgoforte
753:4th Landau
748:Rumersheim
743:Stollhofen
711:Drusenheim
681:3rd Landau
666:Ingolstadt
641:2nd Landau
636:Speyerbach
611:Sigharting
571:1st Landau
519:Landrécies
474:Malplaquet
439:Wijnendale
289:Middelburg
261:War of the
2517:9°31′00″E
2343:cite book
2287:. Maklu.
2187:Lynn 1999
1908:Lynn 1999
1856:Ramillies
1844:Treviglio
1813:Aftermath
1739:Romanengo
1157:Aren Fort
1122:La Gudiña
1067:Castellón
1022:Alcántara
1012:San Mateo
870:Calcinato
855:Mirandola
810:Governolo
805:Guastalla
733:Aidenbach
661:Villingen
631:Höchstädt
591:Andernach
581:Rheinberg
539:2nd Douai
484:1st Douai
444:Leffinghe
429:Oudenarde
399:Ramillies
389:Zandvliet
384:Zoutleeuw
369:2nd Liége
329:Groesbeek
319:1st Liége
1791:brigades
1719:Chivasso
1687:Lombardy
1678:and the
1666:. These
1624:Chivasso
1504:Piedmont
1490:and the
1326:Imperial
1318:Lombardy
1263:Vigo Bay
1162:Venasque
1142:Brihuega
1132:Zaragoza
1117:Alicante
997:Montjuïc
940:Syracuse
915:2nd Susa
850:Chivasso
835:Vercelli
830:1st Susa
758:Freiburg
726:Sendling
671:Blenheim
646:Augsburg
626:Breisach
596:Neubourg
454:Brussels
379:Elixheim
334:Tongeren
314:Roermond
299:Nijmegen
192:Strength
77:Lombardy
68:Location
2197:Sources
1798:Retorto
1787:Retorto
1760:Retorto
1731:Brianza
1703:Brescia
1676:England
1610:Rivolta
1596:Brescia
1582:Cremona
1554:Cassano
1460:Austria
1441:Charles
1425:Bourbon
1324:and an
1312:, near
1236:Trenčín
1194:Hungary
1172:Cardona
1167:Tortosa
1127:Almenar
1107:Minorca
1102:Tortosa
1097:Morella
1077:Almansa
1072:Villena
1007:Badajoz
925:Exilles
860:Cassano
795:Luzzara
780:Cremona
721:Bavaria
701:Homburg
601:Geldern
489:Béthune
469:Tournai
404:Antwerp
374:3rd Huy
364:2nd Huy
354:Limburg
349:1st Huy
339:Stekene
204:24,000
144:Prussia
2497:
2478:
2459:
2440:
2421:
2402:
2383:
2364:
2331:
2310:
2291:
2260:
2232:
1806:sluice
1745:Battle
1735:Mantua
1540:Mantua
1456:Mantua
1429:France
1341:France
1278:Málaga
1241:Kölesd
1092:Lleida
1082:Xàtiva
1052:Cuenca
1037:Murcia
935:Cesana
910:Toulon
900:Casale
845:Verrua
775:Chiari
554:Knocke
529:Denain
409:Ostend
344:Ekeren
267:Europe
202:20,000
199:24,000
197:22,000
155:
141:
127:
115:France
112:
88:Result
1691:Oglio
1638:Turin
1526:Milan
1500:Turin
1468:Savoy
1452:Milan
1433:Spain
1417:Italy
1409:Spain
1361:Milan
1353:Turin
1316:, in
1246:Kassa
1226:Zsibó
1112:Denia
1057:Elche
977:Ceuta
952:Cádiz
920:Gaeta
905:Milan
885:Pavia
875:Turin
840:Ivrea
770:Carpi
509:Arras
464:Ghent
434:Lille
414:Menin
394:Diest
324:Hulst
304:Venlo
158:Savoy
81:Italy
2495:ISBN
2476:ISBN
2457:ISBN
2438:ISBN
2419:ISBN
2400:ISBN
2381:ISBN
2362:ISBN
2349:link
2329:ISBN
2308:ISBN
2289:ISBN
2258:ISBN
2230:ISBN
1849:Nice
1717:and
1707:Adda
1496:Nice
1484:Alps
1454:and
1431:and
1387:The
1357:Adda
1304:The
1216:Páta
1211:Raab
865:Nice
820:Arco
815:Nago
656:Rain
616:Bonn
606:Kehl
499:Aire
479:Mons
60:Date
2213:doi
1506:.
1486:in
676:Ulm
424:Ath
2548::
2345:}}
2341:{{
2209:49
2207:.
2071:^
2020:^
1967:^
1934:^
1915:^
1900:^
1883:^
1871:.
1682:.
1447:.
1379:.
1332:.
79:,
75:,
2503:.
2484:.
2465:.
2446:.
2427:.
2408:.
2389:.
2370:.
2351:)
2337:.
2316:.
2297:.
2266:.
2247:.
2238:.
2219:.
2215::
252:e
245:t
238:v
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
_-_The_Battle_of_Cassano,_1705._-_RCIN_404896_-_Royal_Collection.jpg)