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municipal norms, but they usually responded to functional requirements of the users. Barrios were built over centuries of sociocultural interaction within urban space. In Mexico and in other Latin
American countries with strong heritages of colonial centers, the concept of barrio no longer contains the social, cultural and functional attributes of the past. The few surviving barrios do so with a loss of traditional meaning. For most of them the word has become a descriptive category or a generic definition.
765:
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interests. Lands located on the periphery were given to individuals by local authorities, even if this land was designated for collective uses, such as farming or grazing. This practice of peripheral land expansion laid the groundwork for later suburbanization by immigrants from outside the region and by real estate agents.
427:
and emerging suburban areas linking the city to the hinterland. The general governance of the city was in the hands of a mayor and city councilors. Public posts were purchased and funds given to the local government and the royal bureaucracy. Fairness and equity were not high on the list of public
431:
At the edge of
Hispanic American colonial cities there were places where work, trade, social interaction and symbolic spiritual life occurred. These barrios were created to meet the space needs of local craftsman and the shelter needs of the working class. At times they were designed to meet
52:". In the modern Spanish language, it is generally defined as each area of a city delimited by functional (e.g. residential, commercial, industrial, etc.), social, architectural or morphological features. In
393:
was expressed through the diversity of the populace and functions and the tendency to form social hierarchies and to maintain social control. The limits to replication were mainly social. Any particular
406:
provided different products and services to the city, e.g., one might make shoes, while another made cheese. Integration of daily life could also be seen in the religious sector, where a parish and a
143:(translated "closed neighborhood") is used to describe small upper-class residential settlements planned with an exclusive criterion and often physically enclosed in walls, that is, a kind of
335:
in
Houston. Some of these neighborhoods are simply referred to as just "El Barrio" by the locals, as opposed to using their actual names (Spanish Harlem, East L.A., Segundo Barrio, etc.).
382:
were able to support a wide range of economic levels. This led to new patterns of social class distribution throughout the city. Those who could afford to locate in and around the central
951:
208:
may refer to a rural village, but it may also denote a self-governing community subdivision within a rural or urban area anywhere in the country. A 1975 law replaced the word barrio with
748:
Karl
Eschbach, Glenn V. Ostir, Kushang V. Patel, Kyriakos S. Markides, James S. Goodwin. "Neighborhood Context and Mortality Among Older Mexican Americans: Is There a Barrio Advantage?"
323:
areas overwhelmingly inhabited by first-generation
Spanish-speaking immigrant families who have not been assimilated into the mainstream American culture. Some examples of this include
154:, the term is used to describe any urban area neighborhood whose geographical limits are determined locally. The term can be used to refer to all classes within society. The term
523:"Hacia una historia de los arabismos y otras voces con étimos del romance andalusí o lenguas medio-orientales en el diccionario de la Real Academia Española (segunda parte)"
135:, even if they have been superseded by larger administrative divisions). The word does not have a special socioeconomic connotation unless it is used in contrast to the
131:
is a division of a municipality officially delineated by the local authority at a later time, and it sometimes keeps a distinct character from other areas (as in the
260:
recognized administrative unit. A barrio in Puerto Rico is not vested with political authority. It may or may not be further subdivided into sectors, communities,
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937:
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reproduced the city through providing occupational, social, physical and spiritual space. With the emergence of an enlarged merchant class, some
644:. Amparo Morales, María T. Vaquero de Ramírez. "Estudios de lingüística hispánica: homenaje a María Vaquero". Page 113. Accessed 14 March 2017.
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Siembieda, W. J.; López Moreno, E. (1998). "Barrios and the
Hispanic American city: Cultural value and social representation".
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132:
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Edited by
Deborah R. Vargas, Nancy Raquel Mirabal, and Lawrence La Fountain-Stokes. NYU Press. 2017. p. 18, "Barrio."
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661:. Rafael Torrech San Inocencio. El Sur a la Vista. elsuralavista.com. 14 February 2010. Accessed 12 February 2011.
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423:. The general urban pattern was one where the old central plaza was surrounded by an intermediate ring of
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264:, or a combination of these, but such further subdivisions, though popular and common, are unofficial
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222:. Both may refer to rural settlements or urban municipal districts (the latter formerly known as
214:, the basic administrative unit of government, possessing an average population of 2,500 people.
20:
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Un
Acercamiento Sociohistorico y Linguistico a los Toponimos del Municipio de Ponce, Puerto Rico
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functionally and symbolically reproduced the city and in some way tended to replicate it. The
929:
537:
868:
863:
675:. Rafael Torrech San Inocencio. Lapicero Verde. 10 February 2015. Accessed 14 March 2017.
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is more often used to refer to shanty towns, but the term "barrio" has a more general use.
8:
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relocated. The poor and marginal groups still occupied the spaces at the city's edge.
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and the colonial center continued until the period of independence in Mexico and
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as well as lower- and middle-class neighborhoods in other cities and towns.
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627:. Proyecto Salon Hogar. Map of Barrios of Ponce. Accessed 14 March 2017.
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and denotes the government's lowest level and geographically smallest
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Neighborhood or district in Spain and the rest of the
Hispanic world
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are visible in a row of stores in this photo of El Barrio at
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230:, though the preferred spelling is the Spanish one (barrio).
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The desire on the part of the sector popular to replicate a
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government designation used to denote a subdivision of a
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218:, however, is still widely used interchangeably with
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1287:
183:is used officially to denote a subdivision of a
672:Historias de nuestros barrios: una introducción
398:could not easily expand its borders into other
658:Historia de Nuestros Barrios: Portugués, Ponce
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139:(city center or downtown). The expression
752:. October 2004. Volume 94. pp. 1807–1812.
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412:might serve one or more neighborhoods.
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362:Over the centuries, selectness in the
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530:Boletín de la Real Academia Española
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366:evolved as a mosaic of the various
77:
13:
555:from the original on Jul 23, 2023.
226:). It is alternatively spelled as
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750:American Journal of Public Health
711:Siembieda & López Moreno 1998
577:from the original on 6 April 2022
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689:Keywords for Latina/o Studies.
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664:
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602:. Springer. pp. 426–427.
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559:
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1:
768:The dictionary definition of
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103:Sign marking the entrance to
193:is subdivided into sectors (
7:
1272:Historical subdivisions in
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10:
1317:
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599:The Philippine Archipelago
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271:Spanish signs advertising
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1260:Village (Pueblito/Pueblo)
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415:The mosaic formed by the
965:administrative divisions
507:. Routledge. p. 31.
505:Encyclopedia of the City
189:(or municipality); each
94:
58:Latin American countries
730:Journal of Urban Design
464:Colonia (United States)
133:barrios of Buenos Aires
111:'s official barrios in
21:Barrio (disambiguation)
1301:Neighbourhoods by type
1107:
1037:Regional, Metropolitan
469:Barrios of Puerto Rico
308:
116:
33:Spanish pronunciation:
1176:Asentamiento informal
842:Aboriginal Australian
596:Boquet, Yves (2017).
538:Royal Spanish Academy
275:La Casa de las Novias
270:
102:
503:Caves, R.W. (2004).
331:in Los Angeles; and
319:is used to refer to
19:For other uses, see
519:Corriente, Federico
981:Comunidad autónoma
344:Dominican Republic
327:in New York City,
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156:barrio de invasión
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972:National, Federal
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44:word that means "
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311:In the mainland
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74:Classical Arabic
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37:[ˈbarjo]
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1296:Ethnic enclaves
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1165:Anteiglesia
315:, the term
283:Cuchifritos
244:, the term
242:Puerto Rico
204:, the term
202:Philippines
179:, the term
173:El Salvador
113:Puerto Rico
62:Philippines
1290:Categories
1193:Campamento
1082:Delegación
963:terms for
919:Vietnamese
837:Australian
490:References
321:inner-city
258:officially
56:, several
1240:Ranchería
1235:Población
1126:Parroquia
1121:Municipio
1017:Provincia
909:Pakistani
849:Cambodian
677:Archived.
646:Archived.
629:Archived.
581:16 August
546:0210-4822
340:Venezuela
329:East L.A.
301:Manhattan
293:Lexington
254:municipio
238:territory
186:municipio
121:Argentina
107:, one of
1159:Alquería
1109:Merindad
1091:Distrito
889:Japanese
859:Filipino
832:Armenian
575:Archived
550:Archived
521:(1996).
474:Barangay
436:See also
409:convento
342:and the
305:New York
250:official
220:barangay
211:barangay
195:sectores
152:Colombia
60:and the
1274:italics
1230:Pedanía
1215:Colonia
1198:Caserío
1131:Ecuador
1055:Comarca
961:Spanish
914:Serbian
884:Italian
854:Chinese
721:Sources
567:"Baryo"
540:: 157.
536:(269).
458:Colonia
425:barrios
417:barrios
404:barrios
400:barrios
380:barrios
372:barrios
368:barrios
358:History
348:Caracas
233:In the
224:visitas
200:In the
125:Uruguay
46:quarter
42:Spanish
40:) is a
1250:Vereda
1203:Ciudad
1188:Barrio
1064:Comuna
1046:Cantón
1026:Región
1008:Estado
899:Korean
894:Jewish
879:Indian
771:barrio
695:
606:
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479:Bairro
396:barrio
391:barrio
384:plazas
376:barrio
317:barrio
307:, U.S.
248:is an
246:barrio
216:Barrio
206:barrio
191:barrio
181:barrio
160:comuna
137:centro
129:barrio
70:Barrio
48:" or "
28:Barrio
1255:Villa
1245:Sitio
1225:Masía
1220:Lugar
1154:Aldea
1136:Spain
874:Greek
624:Ponce
553:(PDF)
526:(PDF)
484:Bario
297:116th
228:baryo
177:Spain
109:Ponce
95:Usage
89:bárri
82:barrī
54:Spain
825:list
693:ISBN
604:ISBN
583:2017
542:ISSN
350:and
295:and
287:and
235:U.S.
197:).
175:and
169:Cuba
127:, a
123:and
738:doi
338:In
299:in
240:of
167:In
158:or
150:In
119:In
78:بري
1292::
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703:^
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