117:
245:
59:
444:. Before Aw-Ali founded Barawa, he observed large area between Goobwayn and Baraawe. Aw-Ali was looking for a place that best suited his family needs. One fact Aw-Ali could not resist was the freshness of the ocean breeze and immediately asked the collaboration of his people. Oral history relates before Aw-Ali moved into the city of Baraawe, most of the Tunni population and their livestock resided in an area not far from Baraawe and its surrounding vicinity. Most historians have identified that Aw-Ali himself to be from a Tunni clan.
84:
150:
950:
612:: he set wanted to conquer the Ajuran territory, where the battle of Barawa was fought. After a long period of engagement, the Portuguese soldiers burned the city and looted it. However, fierce resistance by the local population and soldiers resulted in the Portuguese failing to permanently occupy the city. Refugees who had fled to the interior eventually returned and rebuilt Barawa, Tristão da Cunha was wounded in this battle. After the battle, the city of Barawa quickly recovered from the attack.
659:, and Addormo, governed by Abobokur Yusuf, another brother who though nominally under the orders of the first-named chief, levies black-mail on his own account, and negotiates with the governors of Marka and Brava direct. He resides with about 2,000 soldiers principally slaves at Bulo Mareta; the towns of Gulveen which he often vists and Addormo being occupied by somalis growing produce, cattle &c. and doing a large trade with Marka. The brother of Sultan
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483:. The Tunni made a treaty with the Jiddu so that Tunni settled on the west bank of the Shabelle and the Jiddu settled on the east bank. Both also agreed to resist foreign penetration, to allow only Seddah Saamood (the three foot-prints, which are the Tuni, the Jiddu, and the wild beasts). However, they did accept the first Muslim migrants, the Hatimi from
759:. After independence the town was largely ignored by the Somali government. Following refugee resettlement programmes the town suffered as the new arrivals were unable to quickly adopt the culture of the city. Heritage was lost following the civil war which Siad Barre and Morgan’s militias looting the town. In 1997 it was incorporated into
651:. The Chief of this and other tribes behind Brava, Marka and Mogdisho is Ahmed Yusuf, who resides at Galhed, one day's march or less from the latter town. Two days further inland is Dafert, a large town governed by Aweka Haji, his brother. These are the principal towns of the Ruhwaina. At four, five, and six hours respectively from
700:
due to religious disputes. His successor, Khalif Sheikh faraj, was also killed in 1925. However, the
Uwaysiyya order, named after the martyr Sheikh Uways, emerged throughout southern Somalia and East Africa, establishing the Jama'a in the riverine region of southern Somalia and neighboring regions.
529:
or wedding bed. Precious metals were honed into fine jewellery and metal lined bridges which would connect multi-storied houses above. Women and the elderly would not need to go into the crowded streets to get across the town. Coral was collected and then torched to add as a lime component.
748:(HDM) party, which was founded in 1947; it later became the Hizb al-Dastuur Mustaqil al-Somali where the first Election has taken place in Mogadisho, Hisbia (Xisbiya) and has been elected as the leader of (HDMS) Jeilani Sheikh Bin Sheikh (Somali Independent Constitutional Party, HDMS).
663:, Abobokur Yusuf managed the lands opposite the Banadir ports of Brava & Marka and also received a tribute from Brava. This Abobokur Yusuf was accustomed to send messengers to Brava for tribute, and he drew thence about 2,000 dollars per annum.
447:
After Aw-Ali set the groundwork to his new residence more Tunni moved in to the area, most of them migrated from inland and ocean shores. Oral history recognizes that this group to be the first inhabitants to live in the city of Brava.
491:, around the 10th century, for both religious and commercial reasons. Barawa founded by a Tunni saint called Aw-Al became the new capital for the Tunni Sultanate. The town prospered and became one of the major Islamic centers in the
499:, wrote about Barawa as "an Islamic island on the Somali coast." Al-Idrisi also described the construction of the coral houses and noted that Barawa was full of both domestic and foreign commodities.
1672:"Refworld | Somalia: Information on the Tuenis clan from Barawe including the languages spoken, their unique qualities, any identifiable attributes, and on which clans from Barawa speak Chimini"
977:
Pelizzari, Elisa. "Guerre civile et question de genre en
Somalie. Les événements et leurs retombées sur le destin d’une femme: Starlin Abdi Arush (1957-2002)." Cahiers du Genre 1 (2018): 193-213.
479:
The Tunni, composed of five sub-clans (Da'farad, Dakhtira, Goygali, Hajuwa, and Waridi), were the latest to drive the Jiddu into the interior, where they established their own
Sultanate called
718:
726:
811:
troops re-seized control of Barawa from Al-Shabaab in
October 2014. On 11 October, during a trip to Barawa, President Hassan banned the charcoal trade in the city.
745:
722:
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and led the
Banadir revolt, which was defeated in the 1908. Sheikh Uways migrated to Biyole to re-organize his Ikhwaan, but was killed in 1909 by
643:'s brother Abobokur received a regular tax from the townspeople on behalf of the Sultan this was noted in 1876 in a British Parliamentary account
1495:
185:
1755:
1750:
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116:
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469:
1260:
Lisbon: Royal
Academy of Sciences, 1812; translated and ed. Mansel Longworth Dames, p. 30; London: The Bedford Press, 1918
573:
in the thirteenth century described Barawa as one of the three most important cities on the East
African coast along with
1468:
268:
256:
237:
682:.But the Italians faced stiff resistance from many parts of the Banadir coast. The inland regions and the trade of the
517:. Alongside sandals, weapons and utensils many things are still handmade in the town. Clay horned stones are common in
1647:
1407:
1281:
1242:
1202:
Maganda, D., 2014. Swahili People And Their
Language : A Teaching Handbook. Adonis & Abbey Publishers, p.23.
1180:
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83:
585:. In 1430, Barawa was one of only 18 western ports mentioned by name in an imperial decree that was issued by the
1345:
1271:
149:
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militants seized control of Barawa. In
September of that year, a United States military raid in the area killed
1706:
A Description of the Coasts of East Africa and
Malabar: In the Beginning of Sixteenth Century by Duarte Barbosa
1725:
1543:
1612:
58:
495:, the Barawaani Ulama, attracting students from all over the region. Muslim scholars of that time, such as
1027:
Patricians of the Benaadir: Islamic learning, commerce and Somali urban identity in the nineteenth century
771:
764:
760:
416:
396:
249:
1220:
Wyatt, The Blacks of Premodern China pp.97-8; Ma Huan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores pp.18-19
608:
decided to invade and capture the wealthy Somali harbour city. The commander of the Portuguese army was
1745:
1730:
1371:
1642:. Translated by Vianello, Alessandra; Kapteijns, Lidwien; Kassim, Mohamed. Brill. 2018. p. 7.
1298:
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clan, a sub-group of Digil, Garre , Habar Gedir and Sheekhaal, with a minority of residents are
800:
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689:
660:
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1637:
796:, the leader of Al-Shabaab. Following the raid, al-Shabaab began a crackdown of the town.
8:
1521:
1157:
The Shaping of Somali Society: Reconstructing the History of a Pastoral People, 1600-1900
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Essais de typologie et de linguistique générale: mélanges offerts à Denis Creissels
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624:. It was considered the chief port for the kingdom. The city was roughly 4/5th
586:
492:
404:
261:
1739:
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ed. by Suzanne Miers, Richard L. Roberts, University of Wisconsin Press, 1988
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launched an unsuccessful raid against a beachside house in Barawa, targeting
789:
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merchants would remain unchallenged in their independence for years to come.
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187:
751:
Barawa sharply declined after upgraded colonial infrastructure was added in
671:
656:
582:
412:
392:
1566:"Somalia to halt banned charcoal trade at port recaptured from al Shabaab"
709:
In addition to Sheikh Uways, Baraawe has produced numerous well-respected
738:
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907:
879:
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574:
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301:
1639:'Stringing Coral Beads': The Religious Poetry of Brava (c.1890-1975)
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Barawa was renowned for its domestic craftsmen and their weaving of
1235:
Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433
819:
Barawa has a population of around 260,800 inhabitants. The broader
779:
589:, it was named as Pu-la-wa, (不喇哇). From his experiences during the
547:
1467:
Dozier, Kimberly; Guled, Abdi; Straziuso, Jason (6 October 2013).
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1613:"Regions, districts, and their populations: Somalia 2005 (draft)"
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594:
559:
543:
408:
400:
230:
1350:(1st ed.). Lawrenceville, N.J.: Red Sea Press. p. 34.
1043:
Demenedung: Newsletter of the Inter-Riverine Studies Association
854:) and the remaining people speak the standard Somali language.
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555:
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1522:"Mogadishu: Somali, African troops take key port from Shebab"
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all serving as the commercial and Islamic centers for the
1312:
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The Swahili-speaking Peoples of Kenya's Coast, 1895-1965
597:
characterized the people of Barawa as pure and honest.
1307:
1466:
620:
In the early modern period, Barawa was ruled by the
1536:
1469:"US forces hit extremists behind E. Africa attacks"
1211:
The Cambridge History of Africa, Volum 3 - Page 138
763:and rebuild would have ensued but the emergence of
1159:, (University of Pennsylvania Press: 1982), p.102.
1082:"The Total Somali Clan Genealogy (second edition)"
403:. It functions as a port town in the southwestern
1496:"Fear grips Somali town raided by SEAL commandos"
701:These served as centres of charity and learning.
1737:
1670:Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for.
1428:
1426:
521:. With unique carving and for goods such as the
1055:
593:in the early 15th century, the Chinese mariner
538:Barawa and its surrounding area fell under the
632:with the majority of Somali inhabitants being
1460:
1434:"Al-Shabab Vows to Avenge US Raid in Somalia"
1423:
1316:
823:has a total population of 350,800 residents.
1303:. East African Publishing House. p. 40.
903:Pakistani in barava on their coal trade boat
40:
1270:Abdullahi, Abdurahman (18 September 2017).
1041:Inter-Riverine Studies Association (1999).
678:in 1910 after the death of the last Sultan
667:Eventually, in 1908, Barawa came under the
1396:Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji (25 February 2003).
1169:Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji (25 February 2003).
1131:Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji (25 February 2003).
1106:Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji (25 February 2003).
1030:. University of Pennsylvania. p. 179.
987:Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji (25 February 2003).
1514:
1269:
1237:. New York: Pearson Longman. p. 88.
1149:
893:small boats carrying Charcoal to the ship
1317:Great Britain, House of Commons (1876).
1273:Making Sense of Somali History: Volume 1
1056:Abeillé, Anne; Floricic, Franck (2010).
948:
938:
928:
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911:volvo boat loading coal to the big boat,
906:
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826:The town's majority inhabitants are the
415:, Barawa serves as the main port of the
51:Capital City of South West Somalia State
18:Capital City of South West Somalia State
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1591:"Somalia City & Town Population"
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655:lie the towns of Golveen (Golweyn),
565:Barawa was at its golden age during
470:Somali aristocratic and court titles
1756:Populated coastal places in Somalia
1524:. Ma'an News Agency. 5 October 2014
1444:. 15 September 2009. Archived from
1337:
1321:. HM Stationery Office. p. 13.
943:Charcoal in the port waiting export
744:The city was the stronghold of the
533:
369:
41:
13:
1751:Populated places in Lower Shebelle
1709:. Printed for the Hakluyt Society.
1546:. Al Jazeera news. 14 January 2024
474:
432:The town of Barawa was founded by
136:Location within the Horn of Africa
14:
1767:
1714:
883:Exporting Charcoal by Indian boat
838:(Chimini), which is a dialect of
1399:Historical Dictionary of Somalia
1172:Historical Dictionary of Somalia
1133:Historical Dictionary of Somalia
1108:Historical Dictionary of Somalia
990:Historical Dictionary of Somalia
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339:
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155:
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1630:
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1544:"Taking Barawe: the fog of war"
1487:
1364:
1344:Ahmed, Ali Jimale, ed. (1995).
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674:and was then incorporated into
542:that governed much of southern
1494:Gule, Abdi (10 October 2013).
1124:
1099:
1074:
1049:
1034:
834:. In addition to the standard
156:
123:
90:
1:
1332:The End of Slavery in Africa,
1319:Accounts and Papers volume 70
1045:. The Association. p. 3.
964:
1024:Reese, Scott Steven (1996).
7:
1258:The Book of Duarte Barbosa,
761:South West State of Somalia
550:. The domain extended from
451:
10:
1772:
1701:Stanley, Henry Edward John
1297:Salim, Ahmed Idha (1973).
857:
719:Sheikh Nureini Ahmed Sabir
455:
422:
139:Show map of Horn of Africa
1372:"Port Cities of the Horn"
953:An ancient lighthouse in
737:and a female poet-saint,
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1347:The Invention of Somalia
799:Following the launch of
727:Sheikh Qassim al-Baraawi
698:Mohammed Abdullah Hassan
350:
103:Location within Somalia
957:
944:
934:
924:
912:
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894:
884:
874:
801:Operation Indian Ocean
776:Saleh Ali Saleh Nabhan
715:Sheikh Uways al-Barawi
690:Sheikh Uways al-Barawi
665:
169:Location within Africa
952:
942:
932:
922:
910:
902:
892:
882:
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645:
591:Ming treasure voyages
1448:on 17 September 2009
873:Charcoal in the port
746:Hizbia Digil Mirifle
731:Sheikh Mu'alim Nuuri
647:The Somali tribe of
283:0 m (0 ft)
201:1.11333°N 44.03028°E
1155:Lee V. Cassanelli,
864:
805:Somali Armed Forces
616:Early Modern Period
525:(Qu'ran rest)) and
487:and the Amawi from
197: /
106:Show map of Somalia
1570:Mobile.reuters.com
1502:. Associated Press
1475:. Associated Press
1376:Ccat.sas.upenn.edu
958:
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836:Bravanese language
794:Mukhtar Abu Zubeyr
787:United States Navy
676:Italian Somaliland
293: • Total
172:Show map of Africa
63:Barawa Beach-front
1357:978-0-932415-99-8
1231:Dreyer, Edward L.
962:
961:
785:In October 2013,
723:Sheikh Haji Sadiq
606:Portuguese Empire
554:in the north, to
383:), also known as
329:
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206:1.11333; 44.03028
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604:began after the
602:Battle of Barawa
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1694:Bibliography
1679:. Retrieved
1676:Refworld.org
1675:
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1653:. Retrieved
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1622:21 September
1620:. Retrieved
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1452:15 September
1450:. Retrieved
1446:the original
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1004:. Retrieved
989:
982:
973:
923:Barawa beach
825:
818:
815:Demographics
807:assisted by
798:
784:
769:
750:
743:
713:, including
708:
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672:protectorate
666:
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546:and eastern
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413:Indian Ocean
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15:
1726:BravaOnLine
1550:10 November
1438:VOANews.com
1415:15 February
1188:15 February
1006:15 February
782:operative.
739:Dada Masiti
680:Osman Ahmed
641:Ahmed Yusuf
204: /
1740:Categories
1681:9 December
1575:9 December
1500:Army Times
1473:Yahoo News
1381:9 December
1091:9 December
1086:Core.ac.uk
965:References
772:Al-Shabaab
765:Al-Shabaab
628:and 1/5th
519:Buur Heybe
407:region of
288:Population
250:South West
192:44°01′49″E
71:Brava Ierè
1721:Bravanese
1597:4 October
1528:5 October
832:Bravanese
770:In 2009,
757:Mogadishu
630:Bravanese
575:Mogadishu
571:Ibn Sa'id
497:Ibn Sa'id
442:Rahanweyn
436:from the
391:, is the
359:بَرَأَاوٖ
319:Area code
302:Time zone
280:Elevation
269:Districts
189:1°06′48″N
32:بَرَأَاوٖ
1703:(1866).
1655:15 March
1506:23 April
1479:23 April
1233:(2007).
863:Gallery
780:Al-Qaeda
649:Ruhwaina
548:Ethiopia
452:Medieval
42:ﺑَﺮَﺍﻭَة
30:Baraawe
1593:. Tageo
955:Baraawe
858:Gallery
840:Swahili
694:Ikhwaan
669:Italian
595:Fei Xin
560:Kismayo
544:Somalia
515:baraawa
423:History
409:Somalia
401:Somalia
395:of the
393:capital
377:Italian
362:Baraawe
355:Swahili
340:بَراوِّ
296:678,890
231:Somalia
218:Country
34:
1731:Barawa
1646:
1618:. UNDP
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852:Somali
846:speak
842:, the
809:AMISOM
803:, the
705:Modern
684:Somali
626:Somali
556:Qelafo
523:mihmil
504:alindi
468:, and
434:Aw-Ali
428:Origin
385:Barawe
373:Barāwa
366:Arabic
351:Barawy
343:Barāwe
336:Somali
332:Barawa
257:Region
228:
163:Barawa
130:Barawa
97:Barawa
38:Barāwa
28:Barawy
25:Barawa
1616:(PDF)
844:Tunni
828:Tunni
753:Merca
711:Ulama
661:Ahmed
653:Marka
634:Tunni
579:Merca
552:Hafun
527:Attir
489:Syria
485:Yemen
438:Tunni
389:Brava
381:Brava
370:ﺑﺮﺍﻭة
307:UTC+3
238:State
1683:2021
1657:2021
1644:ISBN
1624:2013
1599:2013
1577:2021
1552:2014
1530:2014
1508:2015
1481:2015
1454:2009
1417:2014
1404:ISBN
1383:2021
1352:ISBN
1278:ISBN
1239:ISBN
1190:2014
1177:ISBN
1137:ISBN
1112:ISBN
1093:2021
1062:ISBN
1008:2014
995:ISBN
755:and
577:and
513:kufi
508:kioy
493:Horn
387:and
347:Maay
324:+252
399:of
311:EAT
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309:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
