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378:, a given bandoneon button produces different notes on the push and the pull. This means that each keyboard has two layouts: one for opening notes, and one for closing notes. Since the right and left hand layouts are also different, the bandoneon player is faced with learning four completely different keyboard layouts. Because of this challenge, many tango players play almost entirely on the draw/pull, and largely eschew the close stroke (using the air release button to quickly close the bellows, before resuming playing on the pull stroke).
806:
345:
432:. These "hybrid bandoneons" are internally identical to the traditional bandoneon, and preserve the tonal qualities and response of the instrument, but are intended to be easier to learn, more suitable for improvisation, and more accessible to players of other free-reed instruments. They have a similar aim to earlier chromatic bandoneon systems, but endeavour to overcome some of their ergonomic limitations by allowing the hands to move more freely, as with the western
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390:, or for clergy requiring a portable instrument (missionaries, traveling evangelists, army and navy chaplains, and so forth). The original more limited bandoneon layouts were supplemented more and more over time with extra chromatic keys, as the musical needs of bandoneon players became more demanding, leading to many variations.
353:
As with other members of the concertina family, the bandoneon is held between the hands, and pulling and pushing actions force air through bellows and then through particular reeds as selected by pressing the instrument's buttons. As with other concertinas, the button action is parallel to the motion
243:
common on accordions. Nevertheless, the bandoneon can be played very expressively, using various bellows pressures and other techniques. The left and right hand have different timbres due to the wooden box on the left side which gives the left hand a nasal and muted timbre, in contrast with the right
393:
Because of their origin in earlier diatonic systems that were gradually expanded to include other notes of the chromatic scale over time, bisonoric instruments are often referred to as "diatonic" bandoneons, although, with the later instruments, as used in tango, this description became a misnomer,
479:
from 1969 showcases the instrument, which plays the initial fugue subject on the 1st statement, then moves on to the outright tango after the introduction. With his solos and accompaniment on the bandoneon, Piazzolla combined a musical composition much derived from classical music (which he had
381:
These keyboard layouts are not structured to make it easy to play scale passages of single notes: they were originally laid out to facilitate playing chords in familiar keys, for supporting singers of religious music in small churches with no
443:
Unisonoric instruments, particularly in the Peguri system, are often referred to as "chromatic bandoneons", having been designed from the beginning with the expressed purpose of being fully chromatic instruments, unlike their
285:
By 1910 bandoneons were being produced in
Germany expressly for the Argentine and Uruguayan markets, with 25,000 shipping to Argentina in 1930 alone. However, declining popularity and the disruption of German manufacturing in
327:
Historically, bandoneons were produced primarily in
Germany and never in Argentina itself, despite their popularity in that country. As a result, by the 2000s vintage bandoneons had become rare and expensive (costing around
424:
system still dominates, as most tango repertoire was written on, and is idiomatic to, this system, and therefore certain runs and scale passages written for the tango bandoneon are more difficult on the unisonoric system.
348:
The left-hand buttons, on the left of the diagram, play bass notes, The right-hand buttons, on the right side, play higher-pitched notes. Each button plays a different note if the bellows are pulled open or pushed
157:
274:. It is believed that around 1870, German and Italian emigrants and sailors brought the instrument to Argentina, where it was adopted into the nascent genre of tango music, a descendant of the earlier
159:
418:(same note on push and pull). These include the Ernst Kusserow and Charles Peguri systems, both introduced around 1925. These have some popularity in Europe, but in Argentina, the 142-tone 71-key
278:. However, there is no documentation of how exactly the bandoneon was introduced in the Rio de La Plata region. The instrument was also adopted in the in genres such as the
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239:
by pressing the instrument's buttons. Unlike most accordions, bandoneons always employ the same sets of reeds to produce their sound, and do not usually have the
1004:
Instrumental Tango Idioms in the
Symphonic Works and Orchestral Arrangements of Astor Piazzolla. Performance and Notational Problems: A Conductor's Perspective
410:
While the standard bandoneon is bisonoric (different note on push and pull), with an idiosyncratic and difficult to learn layout, some bandoneon variants are
336:
announced its plan to develop an affordable
Argentine-made bandoneon, which it hoped to market for one-third to one-half of the cost of vintage instruments.
428:
In the 21st century, further efforts have been made to create a simplified bandoneon, with keyboards that mimic the isomorphic layouts of chromatic
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ensembles. As with other members of the concertina family, it is held between the hands, and played by pulling and pushing air through
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Original instruments can be seen in a number of German museums, such as the Preuss family's
Bandoneon Museum in
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Bandoneones
Toscano (Mendoza, Argentina), Vicente Toscano, fabricante y restaurador de bandoneones.
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The bandoneon was introduced to tango music with prominent composers and bandoneonists such as
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402:, to refer to the two (di) different tones played by each key, that is to say, bisonoric.
324:, which has now been moved to the Tango- and Bandoneon museum in Staufen since July 2014.
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was a leading 20th-century proponent of the bandoneon. The bandoneon player and composer
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whose style and technique established the base for the bandoneon section in the
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4,000), limiting the opportunities for prospective bandeonists. In 2014, the
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and later was developed into the sextet formation (with two bandoneons) with
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studied intensively in his formative years) with traditional instrumental
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played and arranged in Troilo's orchestra from 1939 to 1944. Piazzolla's
228:
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1068:"History of Tango – Part 6: Orquesta Típica. It's [sic] origins"
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Bandoneones F. F. - Juan Pablo Fredes (Gambier, La Plata, Argentina)
467:
The
Argentinian bandleader, composer, arranger, and tango performer
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of the bellows, and not perpendicular to it as with an accordion.
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A list of some current and historical bandoneon manufacturers:
264:
of the day, in contrast to its predecessor, German concertina (
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1958:
1943:
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as the instruments are now capable of playing in all keys.
256:(1821–1860), was originally intended as an instrument for
329:
2617:
1089:"The musical key to keeping Argentina dancing the tango"
252:
The
Bandonion, so named by the German instrument dealer
1140:
Catálogo ilustrado de instrumentos musicales argentinos
562:
Museo Luis
Alfredo Mariani (La Reja, Moreno, Argentina)
533:
Danielson
Industria de Acordeões e Bandoneões (Brazil)
320:
and the Steinhart family's collection in Kirchzarten,
1477:
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505:
Bandoneones A. A. Alfred Arnold (Germany, until 1948)
887:
are similar in appearance, they are not bandoneons.
823:
Left. Note that each button has its number or symbol
545:Handzuginstrumente Carlsfeld (Eibenstock, Germany)
2818:
502:Bandoneón AZ - Ángel y Gabriel Zullo (Argentina)
1117:Interview with Astor Piazzolla on the Bandoneon
2633:
1463:
1219:
878:
2607:Hispanic-influenced music in the Philippines
522:Bandonion & Concertinafabrik Klingenthal
419:
290:led to an end of bandoneon mass-production.
265:
996:
994:
992:
990:
568:Premier Bandoneonbau Peter Spende (Germany)
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1456:
1226:
1212:
1130:
1162:
1042:The Tango in the United States: A History
1032:
571:Stagi Accordions & Bandoneons (Italy)
235:, routing it through sets of tuned metal
1679:
987:
493:
455:
343:
270:), which had predominantly been used in
244:hand which is usually bright and sharp.
180:
166:
155:
1137:Bugallo, Rubén Pérez (1 January 1993).
1136:
490:, his new interpretation of the genre.
163:(play) A bandoneon playing modern tango
14:
2819:
1039:Groppa, Carlos G. (30 December 2003).
1038:
558:Uwe Hartenhauer (Klingenthal, Germany)
2621:
2356:
1451:
1207:
1086:
1065:
1001:Drago, Alejandro Marcelo (May 2008).
1000:
1967:
621:
565:Pigini Fratelli & C. snc (Italy)
1143:. Ediciones Del Sol. pp. 77–.
962:(purely electric instrument with a
574:Victoria Accordions Company (Italy)
24:
1009:University of Southern Mississippi
919:Chemnitzer concertina made in 2000
907:Chemnitzer concertina made in 1926
579:List of Repair and Tuning Services
25:
2853:
1282:Accordion reed ranks and switches
1186:
398:can also be re-analysed, through
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1087:Jemio, Diego (6 November 2014).
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589:Sergio Palestrini (restauration)
536:D. & J. Trupin SARL (France)
36:
782:
79:Hornbostel–Sachs classification
1108:
1080:
1059:
799:Alfred Arnold bandoneon. Right
445:
13:
1:
2827:Argentine musical instruments
1066:Solis, Marcelo (2016-03-06).
980:
405:
186:
172:
583:
357:
339:
334:National University of Lanús
7:
1307:Chromatic button accordions
1045:. McFarland. pp. 69–.
1028:– via Aquila Digital.
828:A look inside a bandoneon:
598:Taller Galvan (retauration)
10:
2858:
1330:Diatonic button accordions
1199:Christian's Bandoneon Page
879:Bandoneon-like instruments
611:
451:
434:chromatic button accordion
247:
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1168:"The Classical Bandoneón"
592:Luciano Dujmovic (tuning)
185:Alfred Arnold bandoneon,
143:
138:
111:
104:
96:
77:
49:
44:
35:
539:Oscar Fisher (Argentina)
215:particularly popular in
1195:Bandoneon's Portal Page
1172:The Classical Free-Reed
548:Klaus Gutjahr (Germany)
604:Fuelles Rial (bellows)
552:Harry Geuns Bandoneons
527:Mario Bianco (Uruguay)
464:
420:
350:
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1427:Chemnitzer concertina
1297:Stradella bass system
892:Chemnitzer concertina
494:List of manufacturers
459:
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184:
170:
162:
113:Chemnitzer concertina
1478:Music genres in the
1390:Steirische Harmonika
1126:– via Youtube.
2441:Afro-Peruvian music
1764:Afro-Peruvian music
1320:Schrammel accordion
1193:Proyecto Bandomecum
742:Claudio Constantini
106:Related instruments
32:
2347:Charanga-vallenata
1779:Son de los Diablos
1437:English concertina
1261:Georgian accordion
752:Per Arne Glorvigen
730:Juan José Mosalini
706:Alberto Caracciolo
530:Castagnari (Italy)
465:
351:
223:. It is a typical
193:
179:
165:
30:
27:Musical instrument
2837:German inventions
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2813:
2615:
2614:
2429:
2428:
2020:
2019:
1717:
1716:
1445:
1444:
1403:
1402:
1256:Digital accordion
1150:978-950-9413-49-8
1052:978-0-7864-2686-7
1018:978-0-549-78323-7
724:Leopoldo Federico
622:Prominent players
601:Daniel Barrientos
542:Giustozzi (Italy)
430:button accordions
241:register switches
171:Early bandoneon,
160:
154:
153:
100:Germany mid-1800s
16:(Redirected from
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2635:
2628:
2619:
2618:
2509:Canción melódica
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2123:Traditional folk
1965:
1964:
1756:Peruvian coastal
1739:Paraguayan polka
1677:
1676:
1472:
1465:
1458:
1449:
1448:
1417:Anglo concertina
1292:Free-bass system
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1271:
1251:Button accordion
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1214:
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1164:Doktorski, Henry
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747:Héctor del Curto
700:Domingo Federico
617:Carsten Heveling
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372:Anglo concertina
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45:Other instrument
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2716:Argentine tango
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2698:Orquesta típica
2688:Uruguayan tango
2663:Argentine tango
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2466:Afro-Cuban jazz
2451:Bomba del Chota
2425:
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2118:
2016:
2012:Orquesta típica
2002:Uruguayan tango
1977:Argentine tango
1963:
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1432:Duet concertina
1399:
1338:Cajun accordion
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1266:Piano accordion
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772:Gabriel Merlino
767:Rodolfo Mederos
718:Astor Piazzolla
712:Enrique Alessio
670:Ricardo Malerba
652:Osvaldo Fresedo
624:
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607:Fuelles del Sur
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473:Ástor Piazzolla
461:Ástor Piazzolla
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364:piano accordion
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311:orquesta típica
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145:Ástor Piazzolla
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2488:Tropical music
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1949:Música cebolla
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2574:Spanish jazz
2497:Other genres
2099:Puerto Rican
2006:
1421:
1235:Squeezeboxes
1175:. Retrieved
1171:
1139:
1132:
1121:. Retrieved
1116:
1110:
1098:. Retrieved
1092:
1082:
1071:. Retrieved
1061:
1041:
1034:
1022:. Retrieved
1003:
959:
958:
925:Chromatiphon
924:
923:
890:
889:
885:squeezeboxes
882:
827:
786:
783:Construction
777:Dino Saluzzi
757:Gianni Iorio
736:Rubén Juárez
658:Pedro Maffia
615:
511:Bandoneones
497:
485:
476:
466:
442:
427:
409:
395:
392:
380:
361:
352:
326:
315:
303:Pedro Maffia
292:
288:World War II
284:
251:
208:
196:
194:
2738:Stage Tango
2735:Salon Tango
2683:Nuevo tango
2595:Latin music
2519:Contradanza
2411:Tecnocumbia
2386:New Chilean
2371:Bullerengue
2227:Cha-cha-cha
2160:jalisciense
2150:Mexican Son
2034:Alternative
1997:Nuevo tango
1896:Duranguense
1844:Nueva trova
1689:Alternative
1643:Latin urban
1501:Carnavalito
1409:Concertinas
1177:31 December
1100:13 November
1024:31 December
811:Center
738:(1947–2010)
732:(1943–2022)
726:(1927–2014)
720:(1921–1992)
714:(1918–2000)
708:(1918–1994)
702:(1916–2000)
696:(1916–1992)
690:(1914–1987)
684:(1914–1975)
678:(1907–1972)
676:Miguel Caló
672:(1905–1974)
666:(1902–1972)
660:(1899–1967)
654:(1897–1984)
648:(1896–1964)
642:(1892–1924)
636:(1889–1953)
630:(1888–1924)
515:(Argentina)
487:nuevo tango
416:monosonoric
362:Unlike the
318:Lichtenberg
190: 1949
176: 1905
2832:Concertina
2821:Categories
2801:Milonguero
2579:Villancico
2461:Latin jazz
2434:Afro-Latin
2391:Panamanian
2321:Son cubano
2114:Venezuelan
2074:Latin rock
2069:Ecuadorian
1729:Chamarrita
1722:Litoraleña
1709:Panamanian
1699:Moombahton
1605:Isa (from
1275:Components
1243:Accordions
1123:2023-07-28
1073:2024-07-04
1007:(Thesis).
981:References
787:Exterior:
484:, to form
421:rheinische
412:unisonoric
406:Unisonoric
272:folk music
267:Konzertina
225:instrument
213:concertina
129:reed organ
117:concertina
2693:Bandoneon
2600:subgenres
2539:Pasacalle
2514:Christian
2504:Aguinaldo
2376:Colombian
2366:Argentine
2343:Vallenato
2314:romántica
2297:Guaguancó
2177:Zamacueca
2130:Chacarera
2109:Uruguayan
2089:Nueva ola
2064:Dominican
2054:Colombian
2039:Argentine
2007:Bandoneon
1829:Colombian
1816:Latin pop
1806:Zamacueca
1784:Toro Mata
1704:Neoperreo
1681:Reggaeton
1628:Tajaraste
1623:Pasodoble
1618:Malagueña
1422:Bandoneón
1395:Trikitixa
1380:Organetto
1375:Harmonium
1370:Heligonka
1363:Saratovka
584:Argentina
554:(Belgium)
524:(Germany)
448:cousins.
446:bisonoric
388:harmonium
376:harmonica
358:Bisonoric
340:Technique
258:religious
217:Argentina
209:bandonion
205:bandoneón
197:bandoneon
139:Musicians
121:harmonica
97:Developed
90:aerophone
87:Free-reed
64:Free reed
59:Aerophone
31:Bandoneon
18:Bandoneón
2770:Practica
2731:Neotango
2678:Neotango
2456:Candombe
2396:Peruvian
2287:Pachanga
2282:Méringue
2277:Merengue
2267:Guaracha
2252:Cuarteto
2242:Charanga
2232:Champeta
2204:Tropical
2187:Marinera
2155:huasteco
2094:Peruvian
1992:Neotango
1939:Candombe
1916:Ranchera
1906:Mariachi
1869:Conjunto
1854:Regional
1791:Marinera
1734:Guarania
1694:Bachatón
1633:Zarzuela
1574:Cantiñas
1569:Bulerías
1559:Flamenco
1554:Fandango
1516:Morenada
1506:Diablada
1287:Cassotto
1166:(1998).
1094:BBC News
477:"Fugata"
396:Diatonic
368:melodeon
322:Freiburg
227:in most
125:melodeon
2806:History
2780:Cortina
2775:Mundial
2765:Milonga
2747:Figures
2721:Milonga
2668:Milonga
2588:Related
2544:Pasillo
2524:Criolla
2478:Milonga
2421:Cachaca
2416:Villera
2381:Mexican
2326:montuno
2262:Guajira
2237:Changüí
2222:Calypso
2212:Bachata
2165:jarocho
2104:Spanish
2084:Mexican
2049:Chilean
2044:Chicano
1982:Milonga
1954:Milonga
1891:Grupera
1874:Norteño
1864:Corrido
1856:Mexican
1834:Mexican
1796:Tondero
1769:Festejo
1744:Chamamé
1666:R&B
1651:Hip hop
1564:Alboreá
1496:Bambuco
1358:Livenka
1353:Khromka
1343:Flutina
612:Germany
463:in 1971
452:Players
349:closed.
280:Chamamé
276:milonga
248:History
233:bellows
221:Uruguay
201:Spanish
83:412.132
2757:Events
2554:Pregón
2534:Décima
2483:Tambor
2473:Mapalé
2358:Cumbia
2257:Danzón
2217:Bolero
2172:Tonada
2145:Joropo
1923:Trival
1911:Jarabe
1884:Tejano
1879:Nortec
1824:Ballad
1661:Reggae
1511:Huayno
1488:Andean
1348:Garmon
1147:
1049:
1015:
2842:Tango
2785:Tanda
2742:Ronda
2708:Dance
2655:Music
2648:Tango
2549:Plena
2529:Danza
2446:Bomba
2401:Porro
2338:Trova
2333:Timba
2304:Salsa
2292:Rumba
2272:Mambo
2247:Conga
2192:Zamba
2182:Cueca
2079:Metal
2059:Cuban
1969:Tango
1959:Murga
1944:Cueca
1901:Banda
1774:Landó
1656:House
1601:Folia
1594:Soleá
1589:Saeta
1549:Copla
1526:Tinku
1315:Bayan
482:tango
438:bayan
384:organ
374:, or
237:reeds
229:tango
207:) or
2794:Misc
2726:Vals
2673:Vals
2564:Seis
2309:dura
2140:Gato
2026:Rock
1987:Vals
1801:Vals
1671:Trap
1613:Jota
1521:Saya
1179:2021
1145:ISBN
1102:2014
1047:ISBN
1026:2021
1013:ISBN
964:MIDI
305:and
297:and
260:and
219:and
195:The
69:Wind
2406:Rap
440:.
414:or
386:or
2823::
1170:.
1091:.
1011:.
989:^
927::
895::
370:,
330:$
313:.
282:.
203::
187:c.
173:c.
147:,
133:yu
131:,
127:,
123:,
119:,
115:,
2641:e
2634:t
2627:v
2349:)
2345:(
1609:)
1471:e
1464:t
1457:v
1227:e
1220:t
1213:v
1181:.
1153:.
1104:.
1076:.
1055:.
199:(
92:)
85:(
20:)
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