33:
55:
2505:
367:. In some species the spines are only found on the tips of the leaflets. Most species grow in multi-stemmed clumps with stems about 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) tall and 3 centimetres (1.2 in) in diameter, but they span a range of sizes from tall trees to shrubs with subterranean stems and are sometimes single-stemmed. Stems can be as narrow as 0.3–0.5 centimetres (0.1–0.2 in) in
401:. Flowers grow in triplets along the inflorescence; each female flower is flanked by two male flowers; elsewhere along the inflorescence male flowers grow singly or in pairs. Ripe fruit can be yellow, orange, red or purple-black (other colours are present in a few species) and range from 0.5–4.5 centimetres (0.2–1.8 in) long.
1934:
Eiserhardt, Wolf L.; Jean-Christophe
Pintaud; Conny Asmussen-Lange; William J. Hahn; Rodrigo Bernal; Henrik Balslev; Finn Borchsenius (2011). "Phylogeny and divergence times of Bactridinae (Arecaceae, Palmae) based on plastid and nuclear DNA sequences".
392:
both types of leaves exist. Petioles range from 5 centimetres (2.0 in) to over 1.5 metres (4 ft 11 in) in length, while the rachis (which bears the leaflets) can be 3 centimetres (1.2 in) to over 3 metres (9.8 ft) long.
2145:
Baker, William J.; Thomas L.P. Couvreur (2013). Kissling, W. Daniel (ed.). "Global biogeography and diversification of palms sheds light on the evolution of tropical lineages. II. Diversification history and origin of regional assemblages".
281:
which are native to Mexico, South and
Central America and the Caribbean. Most species are small trees about 2 m (6 ft 7 in) tall, but some are large trees while others are shrubs with subterranean stems. They have simple or
2106:
Baker, William J.; Thomas L.P. Couvreur (2013). Kissling, W. Daniel (ed.). "Global biogeography and diversification of palms sheds light on the evolution of tropical lineages. I. Historical biogeography".
1734:
The genus ranges from Mexico, through
Central America and the Caribbean and across much of tropical South America. Diversity is highest in the Amazonian region. Most of the species in the Brazilian
1995:
Dransfield, John; Natalie W. Uhl; Conny B. Asmussen; William J. Baker; Madeline M. Harley; Carl E. Lewis (2005). "A New
Phylogenetic Classification of the Palm Family, Arecaceae".
887:(although here again, support was only strong for two of the four). The sixth group, the Orange-fruited group, was only represented by a single species in their data set.
910:
855:
Henderson recognised six informal groups within the genus, but used them only for convenience and did not consider them monophyletic groups. These groups were (1) the
1544:
1300:
1805:
1781:
1684:
1634:
1350:
1270:
1010:
990:
900:
1664:
1524:
1220:
1070:
950:
349:
1419:
1644:
1574:
1474:
1464:
1454:
1250:
1210:
1200:
1190:
1170:
1160:
1100:
1050:
1030:
930:
920:
369:
1674:
1624:
1410:
1370:
1280:
1260:
1230:
1120:
1040:
970:
940:
1815:
1793:
1694:
1654:
1564:
1534:
1504:
1400:
1390:
1320:
1240:
1130:
1080:
960:
355:
1554:
1444:
1330:
1150:
1020:
359:
spines are also present on the nodes. A few species lack spines on their stems. All species have spiny leaves; the spines are often clustered on the
1821:
1594:
1494:
1380:
980:
4070:
1290:
388:
1710:
The subfamily
Arecoideae is believed to have evolved in North America about 78 million years ago, and colonised South America during the late
4096:
875:
distributed among these six groups; five of these groups were represented by more than one species in their sample. Of these five, only the
2302:
4132:
4018:
2023:
4083:
4031:
1714:
before going extinct in North
America. The subtribe Bactridinae evolved between 54 and 35 million years ago, The ancestors of
286:
compound leaves and yellow, orange, red or purple-black fruit. The genus is most closely related to several other spiny palms—
4088:
1962:
Asmussen, Conny B.; John
Dransfield; Vinnie Deickmann; Anders S. Barfod; Jean-Christophe Pintaud; William J. Baker (2006).
879:
group was potentially monophyletic (although support for this conclusion was weak). The other four were found to be either
2234:) in tropical Latin America: implications for biodiversity conservation, natural resource management and human nutrition"
1761:
1779:
throughout the
Neotropics, especially in Brazil, Colombia, Peru and Costa Rica. Other species used for food include
4196:
4101:
1775:, the peyibaye or peach palm, was domesticated in pre-Columbian times and is cultivated for its starchy fruit and
4057:
4150:
2295:
840:) and described several hundred species. Although earlier authors recognised between 239 and 257 species of
344:
3971:
3966:
2229:
1895:
845:
809:
175:
2073:
1848:
4145:
4191:
4111:
4036:
2288:
2228:
Graefe, Sophie; Dominique Dufour; Maarten van
Zonneveld; Fernando Rodriguez; Alonso Gonzalez (2013).
1964:"A new subfamily classification of the palm family (Arecaceae): evidence from plastid DNA phylogeny"
1933:
54:
2314:
813:
179:
4137:
3919:
871:
group. In their study of the
Bactridinae, Wolf Eiserhardt and colleagues sampled 13 species of
596:
4075:
2227:
1614:
563:
Simplified diagram of the relationship between members of the subtribe Bactridinae, based on
4124:
3992:
2248:
2155:
2116:
1434:
2048:
1722:
between 26 and 36 million years ago. In an analysis of the palm family, it was found that
8:
2737:
1994:
1090:
2252:
2159:
2120:
805:, but differ in terms of how the genera within the subtribe are related to one-another.
4158:
2848:
2266:
2210:
2202:
2004:
1961:
1907:
1787:
1756:
1514:
1000:
686:
199:
49:
323:
The ancestors of the genus are believed to have entered South America during the late
4119:
3979:
3957:
2167:
2128:
1980:
1963:
1750:
1584:
1340:
1310:
1060:
644:
2214:
4186:
4163:
3984:
3673:
2818:
2270:
2256:
2194:
2163:
2124:
1975:
1944:
1827:
1744:
1604:
1484:
1180:
1110:
764:
750:
669:
375:
360:
317:
312:
41:
3813:
3484:
3354:
3278:
3250:
3222:
3202:
2661:
2482:
2324:
1735:
1140:
771:
92:
32:
3827:
3757:
3715:
3680:
3561:
3540:
3402:
3368:
3064:
2957:
2702:
2522:
2489:
849:
848:
accepted 73 species and a single genus in his 2000 monograph, while as of 2013
79:
2261:
4180:
3942:
3897:
3792:
3638:
3617:
3181:
3165:
2988:
2979:
2827:
2744:
2672:
2562:
2362:
1799:
1776:
1360:
812:
in 1763, but a formal description of the genus was only published in 1777 by
394:
105:
3869:
3862:
3855:
3848:
3806:
3785:
3764:
3743:
3694:
3547:
3498:
3491:
3477:
3441:
3416:
3409:
3188:
3133:
3071:
2807:
2786:
2765:
2695:
2620:
2606:
2592:
2533:
2399:
2342:
884:
880:
4044:
3951:
3876:
3841:
3729:
3687:
3659:
3603:
3596:
3589:
3568:
3554:
3386:
3299:
3243:
3195:
3106:
3085:
3037:
2841:
2800:
2709:
2627:
2599:
2468:
2413:
2392:
2385:
2378:
2371:
2333:
778:
300:
118:
2008:
1726:
was one of six palm genera that showed the highest rates of speciation.
4023:
3890:
3834:
3666:
3645:
3582:
3575:
3533:
3505:
3450:
3423:
3375:
3285:
3229:
3126:
3117:
3057:
3048:
3009:
2915:
2834:
2793:
2681:
2652:
2578:
2475:
2454:
2433:
2351:
2206:
2198:
1948:
1911:
1711:
767:
324:
148:
2504:
4049:
4005:
3820:
3799:
3750:
3624:
3457:
3345:
3320:
3292:
3236:
3174:
3099:
3092:
3078:
2995:
2922:
2906:
2886:
2859:
2723:
2641:
2513:
2461:
2440:
2311:
798:
568:
306:
288:
278:
138:
4062:
3913:
3936:
3883:
3778:
3771:
3736:
3722:
3708:
3361:
3327:
3306:
3213:
3154:
3147:
3140:
3030:
3023:
2964:
2950:
2929:
2571:
2542:
2424:
2406:
2280:
1739:
774:
740:
Relationship between members of the subtribe Bactridinae, based on
294:
158:
128:
4010:
2185:, Arecaceae): Multi-Use Potential for the Lowland Humid Tropics".
3701:
3631:
3526:
3468:
3430:
3264:
3016:
2943:
2936:
2895:
2868:
2772:
2758:
2751:
2730:
2688:
2613:
2447:
741:
564:
383:
283:
2181:
Clement, Charles R.; Jorge E. Mora Urpí (1987). "Pejibaye Palm (
3610:
3395:
3334:
3271:
3002:
2875:
2779:
2716:
2585:
364:
3997:
3652:
3519:
3512:
3257:
2634:
2551:
66:
1859:. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2017
398:
2180:
2144:
2105:
310:. The fruit of several species is edible, most notably
2028:(Arecaceae), Taxonomy and Distribution in the Guianas"
347:. Stems generally bear spines on the internodes; in
808:The first species were attributed to the genus by
867:group, (5) the Purple-fruited group, and (6) the
4178:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1874:
801:of both the subtribe Bactridinae and the genus
373:or as broad as 25 centimetres (10 in) in
2296:
2140:
2138:
1988:
1918:
863:group, (3) the Orange-fruited group, (4) the
2101:
2099:
2021:
1871:
1055:R.Bernal, Galeano, Copete & Cámara-Leret
2174:
2041:
2303:
2289:
2221:
2135:
31:
2260:
2096:
2003:(4). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: 559–69.
1979:
1894:
386:compound or simple; in some species like
1968:Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
397:are borne singly emerging from the leaf
1955:
1705:
4179:
3918:
3917:
2284:
1215:Med.-Costa & Noblick ex A.J.Hend.
4112:95bb01aa-87c6-4c62-b269-8acf9161a598
2310:
2022:de Granville, Jean-Jacques (1992).
797:. Phylogenetic studies support the
343:species are generally covered with
13:
4151:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003095-2
2084:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2019
1764:and form a closely related clade.
14:
4208:
1035:de Nevers, A.J.Hend. & Grayum
2503:
2168:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2012.02794.x
2129:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2012.02795.x
1981:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2006.00521.x
331:shows high rates of speciation.
53:
1729:
2066:
2015:
1841:
1742:to the region. Three species (
852:included 79 accepted species.
334:
1:
2241:Biodiversity and Conservation
2035:Workshop Flora of the Guianas
1834:
1898:(2000). "Bactris (Palmae)".
1813:are used medicinally, while
7:
1762:restricted to the Caribbean
810:Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin
781:, together with the genera
404:
10:
4213:
2082:Plants of the World Online
1857:Plants of the World Online
1831:are used in construction.
748:is a botanical synonym of
3926:
3467:
3440:
3385:
3344:
3212:
3164:
3116:
3047:
2978:
2905:
2885:
2858:
2817:
2671:
2651:
2561:
2541:
2532:
2512:
2501:
2423:
2361:
2341:
2332:
2321:
2262:10.1007/s10531-012-0402-3
1245:de Nevers & A.J.Hend.
683:
666:
659:
641:
634:
617:
610:
593:
586:
515:
500:
493:
478:
471:
447:
432:
425:
418:
382:The leaves can be either
339:Both stems and leaves of
205:
198:
191:
186:
50:Scientific classification
48:
39:
30:
23:
911:Bactris acanthocarpoides
814:Giovanni Antonio Scopoli
316:, while others are used
4197:Neotropical realm flora
2148:Journal of Biogeography
2109:Journal of Biogeography
1767:
1718:diverged from those of
260:(Barb.Rodr.) L.H.Bailey
1649:Barb.Rodr. & Trail
1569:Galeano & R.Bernal
1545:Bactris rhaphidacantha
1509:Granv. & A.J.Hend.
1479:de Nevers & Grayum
1375:R.Bernal & Galeano
1335:de Nevers & Grayum
816:. Later workers split
597:Desmoncus orthacanthos
1615:Bactris simplicifrons
1579:(L.H.Bailey) Glassman
1301:Bactris horridispatha
820:into several genera (
320:or for construction.
1806:Bactris acanthophora
1706:Evolutionary history
1685:Bactris turbinocarpa
1635:Bactris sphaerocarpa
1629:Noblick ex A.J.Hend.
1435:Bactris nancibaensis
1351:Bactris macroacantha
1305:Noblick ex A.J.Hend.
1275:Noblick ex A.J.Hend.
1271:Bactris hatschbachii
1011:Bactris caryotifolia
991:Bactris brongniartii
945:Noblick ex A.J.Hend.
901:Bactris acanthocarpa
277:is a genus of spiny
2738:Johannesteijsmannia
2253:2013BiCon..22..269G
2160:2013JBiog..40..286B
2121:2013JBiog..40..274B
1665:Bactris timbuiensis
1525:Bactris polystachya
1221:Bactris glaucescens
1091:Bactris constanciae
1071:Bactris coloradonis
951:Bactris balanophora
2199:10.1007/BF02858977
1949:10.1002/tax.602016
1645:Bactris syagroides
1575:Bactris schultesii
1515:Bactris plumeriana
1475:Bactris panamensis
1465:Bactris oligoclada
1455:Bactris oligocarpa
1345:H.Wendl. ex Burret
1251:Bactris guineensis
1211:Bactris glassmanii
1201:Bactris glandulosa
1191:Bactris gastoniana
1171:Bactris fissifrons
1161:Bactris ferruginea
1101:Bactris corossilla
1051:Bactris chocoensis
1031:Bactris charnleyae
1025:H.Wendl. ex Burret
1001:Bactris campestris
931:Bactris aubletiana
921:Bactris ana-juliae
744:DNA phylogeny. *
687:Acrocomia aculeata
4174:
4173:
4120:Open Tree of Life
3920:Taxon identifiers
3911:
3910:
3907:
3906:
2974:
2973:
2499:
2498:
1896:Henderson, Andrew
1700:
1690:
1680:
1675:Bactris tomentosa
1670:
1660:
1650:
1640:
1630:
1625:Bactris soeiroana
1620:
1610:
1600:
1590:
1585:Bactris setiflora
1580:
1570:
1560:
1550:
1540:
1530:
1520:
1510:
1500:
1490:
1480:
1470:
1460:
1450:
1440:
1430:
1416:
1411:Bactris militaris
1406:
1396:
1386:
1376:
1371:Bactris manriquei
1366:
1356:
1346:
1341:Bactris longiseta
1336:
1326:
1316:
1311:Bactris jamaicana
1306:
1296:
1286:
1281:Bactris herrerana
1276:
1266:
1261:Bactris halmoorei
1256:
1246:
1236:
1231:Bactris gracilior
1226:
1216:
1206:
1196:
1186:
1176:
1166:
1156:
1146:
1136:
1126:
1121:Bactris cuspidata
1116:
1106:
1096:
1086:
1076:
1066:
1061:Bactris coloniata
1056:
1046:
1041:Bactris chaveziae
1036:
1026:
1016:
1006:
996:
986:
976:
971:Bactris bidentula
966:
956:
946:
941:Bactris bahiensis
936:
926:
916:
906:
777:and the subtribe
763:is placed in the
758:
757:
746:Aiphanes aculeata
734:
733:
725:
724:
716:
715:
707:
706:
698:
697:
645:Aiphanes aculeata
575:
574:
557:
556:
548:
547:
539:
538:
530:
529:
460:
459:
270:
269:
261:
253:
245:
237:
229:
221:
182:
4204:
4192:Arecaceae genera
4167:
4166:
4154:
4153:
4141:
4140:
4128:
4127:
4115:
4114:
4105:
4104:
4092:
4091:
4079:
4078:
4066:
4065:
4053:
4052:
4040:
4039:
4027:
4026:
4014:
4013:
4001:
4000:
3988:
3987:
3975:
3974:
3962:
3961:
3960:
3947:
3946:
3945:
3915:
3914:
3114:
3113:
2819:Chuniophoeniceae
2539:
2538:
2507:
2339:
2338:
2305:
2298:
2291:
2282:
2281:
2275:
2274:
2264:
2238:
2232:Bactris gasipaes
2225:
2219:
2218:
2183:Bactris gasipaes
2178:
2172:
2171:
2142:
2133:
2132:
2103:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2070:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2032:
2019:
2013:
2012:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1959:
1953:
1952:
1931:
1916:
1915:
1900:Flora Neotropica
1892:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1864:
1845:
1773:Bactris gasipaes
1698:
1695:Bactris vulgaris
1688:
1678:
1668:
1658:
1655:Bactris tefensis
1648:
1638:
1628:
1618:
1608:
1605:Bactris setulosa
1598:
1588:
1578:
1568:
1565:Bactris rostrata
1558:
1548:
1538:
1535:Bactris ptariana
1528:
1518:
1508:
1505:Bactris pliniana
1498:
1488:
1485:Bactris pickelii
1478:
1468:
1458:
1448:
1438:
1428:
1424:
1414:
1404:
1401:Bactris mexicana
1394:
1391:Bactris martiana
1384:
1374:
1364:
1354:
1344:
1334:
1324:
1321:Bactris killipii
1314:
1304:
1294:
1284:
1274:
1264:
1254:
1244:
1241:Bactris grayumii
1234:
1224:
1214:
1204:
1194:
1184:
1181:Bactris gasipaes
1174:
1164:
1154:
1144:
1134:
1131:Bactris dianeura
1124:
1114:
1111:Bactris cubensis
1104:
1094:
1084:
1081:Bactris concinna
1074:
1064:
1054:
1044:
1034:
1024:
1014:
1004:
994:
984:
974:
964:
961:Bactris barronis
954:
944:
934:
924:
914:
904:
846:Andrew Henderson
670:Acrocomia crispa
662:
661:
637:
636:
621:Bactris gasipaes
613:
612:
589:
588:
582:
581:
577:
576:
567:and nuclear DNA
496:
495:
474:
473:
428:
427:
421:
420:
414:
413:
409:
408:
259:
251:
243:
235:
227:
219:
174:
58:
57:
42:Bactris gasipaes
35:
21:
20:
4212:
4211:
4207:
4206:
4205:
4203:
4202:
4201:
4177:
4176:
4175:
4170:
4162:
4157:
4149:
4144:
4136:
4131:
4123:
4118:
4110:
4108:
4100:
4095:
4087:
4082:
4074:
4069:
4061:
4056:
4048:
4043:
4035:
4030:
4022:
4017:
4009:
4004:
3996:
3991:
3983:
3978:
3970:
3965:
3956:
3955:
3950:
3941:
3940:
3935:
3922:
3912:
3903:
3814:Phoenicophorium
3485:Archontophoenix
3463:
3436:
3381:
3340:
3223:Beccariophoenix
3208:
3160:
3112:
3043:
2970:
2901:
2881:
2854:
2813:
2667:
2647:
2557:
2528:
2508:
2495:
2483:Plectocomiopsis
2419:
2357:
2328:
2327:(2016) taxonomy
2317:
2309:
2279:
2278:
2236:
2226:
2222:
2187:Economic Botany
2179:
2175:
2143:
2136:
2104:
2097:
2087:
2085:
2072:
2071:
2067:
2057:
2055:
2047:
2046:
2042:
2030:
2020:
2016:
1993:
1989:
1960:
1956:
1932:
1919:
1893:
1872:
1862:
1860:
1847:
1846:
1842:
1837:
1782:B. brongniartii
1770:
1736:Atlantic Forest
1732:
1708:
1703:
1555:Bactris riparia
1445:Bactris obovata
1422:
1331:Bactris kunorum
1151:Bactris faucium
1141:Bactris elegans
1021:Bactris caudata
859:group, (2) the
735:
726:
717:
708:
699:
558:
549:
540:
531:
461:
407:
337:
266:
211:
210:
173:
52:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4210:
4200:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4172:
4171:
4169:
4168:
4164:wfo-4000003857
4155:
4142:
4129:
4116:
4106:
4093:
4080:
4067:
4054:
4041:
4028:
4015:
4002:
3989:
3976:
3963:
3948:
3932:
3930:
3924:
3923:
3909:
3908:
3905:
3904:
3902:
3901:
3894:
3887:
3880:
3873:
3866:
3859:
3852:
3845:
3838:
3831:
3828:Verschaffeltia
3824:
3817:
3810:
3803:
3796:
3789:
3782:
3775:
3768:
3761:
3758:Brassiophoenix
3754:
3747:
3740:
3733:
3726:
3719:
3712:
3705:
3698:
3691:
3684:
3681:Acanthophoenix
3677:
3670:
3663:
3656:
3649:
3642:
3635:
3628:
3621:
3614:
3607:
3600:
3593:
3586:
3579:
3572:
3565:
3562:Lepidorrhachis
3558:
3551:
3544:
3541:Burretiokentia
3537:
3530:
3523:
3516:
3509:
3502:
3495:
3488:
3481:
3473:
3471:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3461:
3454:
3446:
3444:
3438:
3437:
3435:
3434:
3427:
3420:
3413:
3406:
3403:Pholidostachys
3399:
3391:
3389:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3379:
3372:
3369:Neonicholsonia
3365:
3358:
3350:
3348:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3338:
3331:
3324:
3317:
3310:
3303:
3296:
3289:
3282:
3275:
3268:
3261:
3254:
3247:
3240:
3233:
3226:
3218:
3216:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3206:
3199:
3192:
3185:
3178:
3170:
3168:
3162:
3161:
3159:
3158:
3151:
3144:
3137:
3130:
3122:
3120:
3111:
3110:
3103:
3096:
3089:
3082:
3075:
3068:
3061:
3053:
3051:
3045:
3044:
3042:
3041:
3034:
3027:
3020:
3013:
3006:
2999:
2992:
2984:
2982:
2976:
2975:
2972:
2971:
2969:
2968:
2961:
2958:Borassodendron
2954:
2947:
2940:
2933:
2926:
2919:
2911:
2909:
2903:
2902:
2900:
2899:
2891:
2889:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2879:
2872:
2864:
2862:
2856:
2855:
2853:
2852:
2845:
2838:
2831:
2823:
2821:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2811:
2804:
2797:
2790:
2783:
2776:
2769:
2762:
2755:
2748:
2741:
2734:
2727:
2720:
2713:
2706:
2703:Rhapidophyllum
2699:
2692:
2685:
2677:
2675:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2665:
2657:
2655:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2645:
2638:
2631:
2624:
2617:
2610:
2603:
2596:
2589:
2582:
2575:
2567:
2565:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2555:
2547:
2545:
2536:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2526:
2518:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2486:
2479:
2472:
2465:
2458:
2451:
2444:
2437:
2429:
2427:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2417:
2410:
2403:
2396:
2389:
2382:
2375:
2367:
2365:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2347:
2345:
2336:
2330:
2329:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2308:
2307:
2300:
2293:
2285:
2277:
2276:
2247:(2): 269–300.
2220:
2193:(2): 302–311.
2173:
2154:(2): 286–298.
2134:
2115:(2): 274–285.
2095:
2078:Jacq. ex Scop"
2065:
2053:The Plant List
2040:
2014:
1987:
1954:
1943:(2): 485–498.
1917:
1870:
1853:Jacq. ex Scop"
1839:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1769:
1766:
1731:
1728:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1701:
1691:
1681:
1671:
1661:
1651:
1641:
1631:
1621:
1611:
1601:
1595:Bactris setosa
1591:
1581:
1571:
1561:
1551:
1541:
1531:
1521:
1511:
1501:
1495:Bactris pilosa
1491:
1481:
1471:
1461:
1451:
1441:
1431:
1417:
1407:
1397:
1387:
1381:Bactris maraja
1377:
1367:
1357:
1347:
1337:
1327:
1317:
1307:
1297:
1287:
1277:
1267:
1257:
1255:(L.) H.E.Moore
1247:
1237:
1227:
1217:
1207:
1197:
1187:
1177:
1167:
1157:
1147:
1137:
1127:
1117:
1107:
1097:
1087:
1077:
1067:
1057:
1047:
1037:
1027:
1017:
1007:
997:
987:
981:Bactris bifida
977:
967:
957:
947:
937:
927:
917:
907:
896:
895:
894:
892:
850:The Plant List
756:
755:
737:
736:
732:
731:
728:
727:
723:
722:
719:
718:
714:
713:
710:
709:
705:
704:
701:
700:
696:
695:
692:
691:
682:
679:
678:
675:
674:
665:
660:
658:
655:
654:
651:
650:
640:
635:
633:
630:
629:
626:
625:
616:
611:
609:
606:
605:
602:
601:
592:
587:
585:
580:
573:
572:
560:
559:
555:
554:
551:
550:
546:
545:
542:
541:
537:
536:
533:
532:
528:
527:
524:
523:
514:
511:
510:
507:
506:
499:
494:
492:
489:
488:
485:
484:
477:
472:
470:
467:
466:
463:
462:
458:
457:
454:
453:
446:
443:
442:
439:
438:
431:
426:
424:
419:
417:
412:
406:
403:
395:Inflorescences
350:B. glaucescens
336:
333:
268:
267:
265:
264:
263:
262:
254:
246:
238:
230:
222:
208:
207:
206:
203:
202:
196:
195:
189:
188:
184:
183:
166:
162:
161:
156:
152:
151:
146:
142:
141:
136:
132:
131:
126:
122:
121:
116:
109:
108:
103:
96:
95:
90:
83:
82:
77:
70:
69:
64:
60:
59:
46:
45:
37:
36:
28:
27:
16:Genus of palms
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4209:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4184:
4182:
4165:
4160:
4156:
4152:
4147:
4143:
4139:
4134:
4130:
4126:
4121:
4117:
4113:
4107:
4103:
4098:
4094:
4090:
4085:
4081:
4077:
4072:
4068:
4064:
4059:
4055:
4051:
4046:
4042:
4038:
4033:
4029:
4025:
4020:
4016:
4012:
4007:
4003:
3999:
3994:
3990:
3986:
3981:
3977:
3973:
3968:
3964:
3959:
3953:
3949:
3944:
3938:
3934:
3933:
3931:
3929:
3925:
3921:
3916:
3900:
3899:
3898:Rhopaloblaste
3895:
3893:
3892:
3888:
3886:
3885:
3881:
3879:
3878:
3874:
3872:
3871:
3867:
3865:
3864:
3860:
3858:
3857:
3853:
3851:
3850:
3846:
3844:
3843:
3839:
3837:
3836:
3832:
3830:
3829:
3825:
3823:
3822:
3818:
3816:
3815:
3811:
3809:
3808:
3804:
3802:
3801:
3797:
3795:
3794:
3793:Rhopalostylis
3790:
3788:
3787:
3783:
3781:
3780:
3776:
3774:
3773:
3769:
3767:
3766:
3762:
3760:
3759:
3755:
3753:
3752:
3748:
3746:
3745:
3741:
3739:
3738:
3734:
3732:
3731:
3727:
3725:
3724:
3720:
3718:
3717:
3713:
3711:
3710:
3706:
3704:
3703:
3699:
3697:
3696:
3692:
3690:
3689:
3685:
3683:
3682:
3678:
3676:
3675:
3671:
3669:
3668:
3664:
3662:
3661:
3657:
3655:
3654:
3650:
3648:
3647:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3639:Calyptrocalyx
3636:
3634:
3633:
3629:
3627:
3626:
3622:
3620:
3619:
3618:Lemurophoenix
3615:
3613:
3612:
3608:
3606:
3605:
3601:
3599:
3598:
3594:
3592:
3591:
3587:
3585:
3584:
3580:
3578:
3577:
3573:
3571:
3570:
3566:
3564:
3563:
3559:
3557:
3556:
3552:
3550:
3549:
3545:
3543:
3542:
3538:
3536:
3535:
3531:
3529:
3528:
3524:
3522:
3521:
3517:
3515:
3514:
3510:
3508:
3507:
3503:
3501:
3500:
3496:
3494:
3493:
3489:
3487:
3486:
3482:
3480:
3479:
3475:
3474:
3472:
3470:
3466:
3460:
3459:
3455:
3453:
3452:
3448:
3447:
3445:
3443:
3439:
3433:
3432:
3428:
3426:
3425:
3421:
3419:
3418:
3414:
3412:
3411:
3407:
3405:
3404:
3400:
3398:
3397:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3388:
3384:
3378:
3377:
3373:
3371:
3370:
3366:
3364:
3363:
3359:
3357:
3356:
3352:
3351:
3349:
3347:
3343:
3337:
3336:
3332:
3330:
3329:
3325:
3323:
3322:
3318:
3316:
3315:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3304:
3302:
3301:
3297:
3295:
3294:
3290:
3288:
3287:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3276:
3274:
3273:
3269:
3267:
3266:
3262:
3260:
3259:
3255:
3253:
3252:
3248:
3246:
3245:
3241:
3239:
3238:
3234:
3232:
3231:
3227:
3225:
3224:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3215:
3211:
3205:
3204:
3200:
3198:
3197:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3186:
3184:
3183:
3182:Wendlandiella
3179:
3177:
3176:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3167:
3166:Chamaedoreeae
3163:
3157:
3156:
3152:
3150:
3149:
3145:
3143:
3142:
3138:
3136:
3135:
3131:
3129:
3128:
3124:
3123:
3121:
3119:
3115:
3109:
3108:
3104:
3102:
3101:
3097:
3095:
3094:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3083:
3081:
3080:
3076:
3074:
3073:
3069:
3067:
3066:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3050:
3046:
3040:
3039:
3035:
3033:
3032:
3028:
3026:
3025:
3021:
3019:
3018:
3014:
3012:
3011:
3007:
3005:
3004:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2989:Pseudophoenix
2986:
2985:
2983:
2981:
2980:Ceroxyloideae
2977:
2967:
2966:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2948:
2946:
2945:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2932:
2931:
2927:
2925:
2924:
2920:
2918:
2917:
2913:
2912:
2910:
2908:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2888:
2884:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2861:
2857:
2851:
2850:
2846:
2844:
2843:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2830:
2829:
2828:Chuniophoenix
2825:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2816:
2810:
2809:
2805:
2803:
2802:
2798:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2789:
2788:
2784:
2782:
2781:
2777:
2775:
2774:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2761:
2760:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2749:
2747:
2746:
2745:Pholidocarpus
2742:
2740:
2739:
2735:
2733:
2732:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2721:
2719:
2718:
2714:
2712:
2711:
2707:
2705:
2704:
2700:
2698:
2697:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2684:
2683:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2674:
2673:Trachycarpeae
2670:
2664:
2663:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2654:
2650:
2644:
2643:
2639:
2637:
2636:
2632:
2630:
2629:
2625:
2623:
2622:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2611:
2609:
2608:
2604:
2602:
2601:
2597:
2595:
2594:
2590:
2588:
2587:
2583:
2581:
2580:
2576:
2574:
2573:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2563:Cryosophileae
2560:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2544:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2531:
2525:
2524:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2511:
2506:
2492:
2491:
2487:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2473:
2471:
2470:
2466:
2464:
2463:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2452:
2450:
2449:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2438:
2436:
2435:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2426:
2422:
2416:
2415:
2411:
2409:
2408:
2404:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2395:
2394:
2390:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2376:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2363:Lepidocaryeae
2360:
2354:
2353:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2344:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2331:
2326:
2320:
2316:
2313:
2306:
2301:
2299:
2294:
2292:
2287:
2286:
2283:
2272:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2235:
2233:
2230:"Peach palm (
2224:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2177:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2141:
2139:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2102:
2100:
2083:
2079:
2077:
2069:
2054:
2050:
2044:
2036:
2029:
2027:
2018:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1991:
1982:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1958:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1858:
1854:
1852:
1844:
1840:
1832:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1823:
1818:
1817:
1812:
1811:B. campestris
1808:
1807:
1802:
1801:
1796:
1795:
1790:
1789:
1788:B. campestris
1784:
1783:
1778:
1774:
1765:
1763:
1759:
1758:
1757:B. plumeriana
1753:
1752:
1747:
1746:
1741:
1737:
1727:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1687:
1686:
1682:
1677:
1676:
1672:
1667:
1666:
1662:
1657:
1656:
1652:
1647:
1646:
1642:
1637:
1636:
1632:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1607:
1606:
1602:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1537:
1536:
1532:
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1363:
1362:
1361:Bactris major
1358:
1353:
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1348:
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1333:
1332:
1328:
1323:
1322:
1318:
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1308:
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1298:
1293:
1292:
1291:Bactris hirta
1288:
1283:
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1053:
1052:
1048:
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1038:
1033:
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1028:
1023:
1022:
1018:
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903:
902:
898:
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890:
889:
888:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
869:Pyrenoglyphis
866:
862:
858:
853:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
830:Pyrenoglyphis
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
806:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
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773:
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753:
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747:
743:
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738:
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702:
694:
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415:
411:
410:
402:
400:
396:
391:
390:
385:
380:
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377:
372:
371:
370:B. aubletiana
366:
362:
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357:
352:
351:
346:
342:
332:
330:
326:
321:
319:
315:
314:
309:
308:
303:
302:
297:
296:
291:
290:
285:
280:
276:
275:
258:
255:
250:
249:Pyrenoglyphis
247:
242:
239:
234:
231:
226:
223:
218:
215:
214:
213:
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204:
201:
197:
194:
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177:
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114:
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110:
107:
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101:
98:
97:
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91:
88:
85:
84:
81:
80:Tracheophytes
78:
75:
72:
71:
68:
65:
62:
61:
56:
51:
47:
44:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
3927:
3896:
3889:
3882:
3875:
3870:Heterospathe
3868:
3863:Dransfieldia
3861:
3856:Dictyosperma
3854:
3849:Cyrtostachys
3847:
3840:
3833:
3826:
3819:
3812:
3807:Nephrosperma
3805:
3798:
3791:
3786:Wallaceodoxa
3784:
3777:
3770:
3765:Ptychococcus
3763:
3756:
3749:
3744:Drymophloeus
3742:
3735:
3728:
3721:
3714:
3707:
3700:
3695:Ptychosperma
3693:
3686:
3679:
3672:
3665:
3658:
3651:
3644:
3637:
3630:
3623:
3616:
3609:
3602:
3595:
3588:
3581:
3574:
3567:
3560:
3553:
3548:Cyphophoenix
3546:
3539:
3532:
3525:
3518:
3511:
3504:
3499:Chambeyronia
3497:
3492:Actinokentia
3490:
3483:
3478:Actinorhytis
3476:
3456:
3449:
3442:Pelagodoxeae
3429:
3422:
3417:Calyptronoma
3415:
3410:Calyptrogyne
3408:
3401:
3394:
3374:
3367:
3360:
3353:
3333:
3326:
3319:
3313:
3312:
3305:
3298:
3291:
3284:
3277:
3270:
3263:
3256:
3249:
3242:
3235:
3228:
3221:
3201:
3194:
3189:Synechanthus
3187:
3180:
3173:
3153:
3146:
3139:
3134:Dictyocaryum
3132:
3125:
3105:
3098:
3091:
3084:
3077:
3072:Sclerosperma
3070:
3063:
3056:
3036:
3029:
3022:
3015:
3008:
3001:
2994:
2987:
2963:
2956:
2949:
2942:
2935:
2928:
2921:
2914:
2894:
2874:
2867:
2847:
2840:
2833:
2826:
2808:Washingtonia
2806:
2799:
2792:
2787:Colpothrinax
2785:
2778:
2771:
2766:Acoelorraphe
2764:
2757:
2750:
2743:
2736:
2729:
2722:
2715:
2708:
2701:
2696:Trachycarpus
2694:
2687:
2680:
2660:
2640:
2633:
2626:
2621:Chelyocarpus
2619:
2612:
2607:Leucothrinax
2605:
2598:
2593:Coccothrinax
2591:
2584:
2577:
2570:
2550:
2534:Coryphoideae
2521:
2488:
2481:
2474:
2467:
2460:
2453:
2446:
2439:
2432:
2412:
2405:
2400:Lepidocaryum
2398:
2391:
2384:
2377:
2370:
2350:
2343:Eugeissoneae
2323:Baker &
2244:
2240:
2231:
2223:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2176:
2151:
2147:
2112:
2108:
2086:. Retrieved
2081:
2075:
2068:
2056:. Retrieved
2052:
2043:
2034:
2025:
2017:
2000:
1997:Kew Bulletin
1996:
1990:
1974:(1): 15–38.
1971:
1967:
1957:
1940:
1936:
1903:
1899:
1861:. Retrieved
1856:
1850:
1843:
1826:
1820:
1814:
1810:
1804:
1798:
1792:
1786:
1780:
1772:
1771:
1755:
1751:B. jamaicana
1749:
1743:
1733:
1730:Distribution
1723:
1719:
1715:
1709:
1693:
1683:
1673:
1663:
1653:
1643:
1633:
1623:
1613:
1603:
1593:
1583:
1573:
1563:
1553:
1543:
1533:
1523:
1513:
1503:
1493:
1483:
1473:
1463:
1453:
1443:
1433:
1420:
1409:
1399:
1389:
1379:
1369:
1359:
1349:
1339:
1329:
1319:
1309:
1299:
1289:
1279:
1269:
1259:
1249:
1239:
1229:
1219:
1209:
1199:
1189:
1179:
1169:
1159:
1149:
1139:
1129:
1119:
1109:
1099:
1089:
1079:
1069:
1059:
1049:
1039:
1029:
1019:
1009:
999:
989:
979:
969:
959:
949:
939:
929:
919:
909:
899:
885:paraphyletic
881:polyphyletic
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
854:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
807:
802:
794:
790:
786:
782:
760:
759:
749:
745:
685:
684:
668:
667:
643:
642:
620:
619:
618:
595:
594:
518:
517:
516:
502:
501:
480:
479:
449:
448:
434:
433:
387:
381:
374:
368:
354:
348:
340:
338:
328:
322:
311:
305:
299:
293:
287:
273:
272:
271:
256:
248:
240:
232:
224:
216:
192:
169:
168:
112:
99:
86:
73:
40:
24:
18:
4045:iNaturalist
3952:Wikispecies
3877:Hydriastele
3842:Clinostigma
3730:Carpentaria
3688:Tectiphiala
3660:Laccospadix
3604:Clinosperma
3597:Cyphokentia
3590:Neoveitchia
3569:Physokentia
3555:Cyphosperma
3387:Geonomateae
3300:Astrocaryum
3244:Allagoptera
3196:Chamaedorea
3107:Leopoldinia
3086:Reinhardtia
3038:Phytelephas
2842:Nannorrhops
2801:Pritchardia
2710:Maxburretia
2628:Cryosophila
2600:Hemithrinax
2469:Plectocomia
2414:Mauritiella
2386:Laccosperma
2379:Eremospatha
2372:Oncocalamus
2334:Calamoideae
2024:"The Genus
1828:B. setulosa
1816:B. barronis
1794:B. concinna
1745:B. cubensis
1720:Astroacryum
1699:Barb.Rodr.
1669:H.Q.B.Fern.
1425: moorei
857:Amylocarpus
834:Amylocarpus
791:Astrocaryum
779:Bactridinae
503:Astrocaryum
376:B. gasipaes
356:B. setulosa
335:Description
318:medicinally
313:B. gasipaes
301:Astrocaryum
217:Amylocarpus
145:Subfamily:
119:Commelinids
93:Angiosperms
4181:Categories
4063:30003095-2
3891:Loxococcus
3835:Bentinckia
3667:Oncosperma
3646:Linospadix
3583:Satakentia
3576:Carpoxylon
3534:Basselinia
3506:Kentiopsis
3451:Pelagodoxa
3424:Asterogyne
3376:Oenocarpus
3286:Parajubaea
3230:Jubaeopsis
3127:Iriartella
3118:Iriarteeae
3058:Podococcus
3049:Arecoideae
3010:Oraniopsis
2916:Bismarckia
2835:Kerriodoxa
2794:Copernicia
2682:Chamaerops
2653:Phoeniceae
2579:Trithrinax
2476:Myrialepis
2455:Metroxylon
2434:Korthalsia
2352:Eugeissona
2325:Dransfield
1835:References
1777:palm heart
1712:Cretaceous
1689:Barb.Rodr.
1459:Barb.Rodr.
1449:Schaedtler
1315:L.H.Bailey
1195:Barb.Rodr.
1145:Schaedtler
1095:Barb.Rodr.
1075:L.H.Bailey
1065:L.H.Bailey
965:L.H.Bailey
915:Barb.Rodr.
826:Augustinea
768:Arecoideae
751:A. horrida
325:Cretaceous
225:Augustinea
220:Barb.Rodr.
149:Arecoideae
3821:Roscheria
3800:Hedyscepe
3751:Normanbya
3625:Marojejya
3458:Sommieria
3346:Euterpeae
3321:Desmoncus
3293:Acrocomia
3237:Voanioala
3175:Hyophorbe
3100:Hyospathe
3093:Manicaria
3079:Roystonea
2996:Ceroxylon
2923:Satranala
2907:Borasseae
2887:Corypheae
2860:Caryoteae
2724:Livistona
2642:Sabinaria
2514:Nypoideae
2462:Pigafetta
2441:Eleiodoxa
2312:Arecaceae
2049:"Bactris"
1906:: 1–181.
1863:13 August
1822:B. pilosa
1659:A.J.Hend.
1549:Wess.Boer
1429:Wess.Boer
1415:H.E.Moore
1395:A.J.Hend.
1265:A.J.Hend.
1045:A.J.Hend.
877:Guilielma
861:Guilielma
822:Guilielma
799:monophyly
795:Desmoncus
783:Acrocomia
765:subfamily
569:phylogeny
450:Desmoncus
435:Acrocomia
384:pinnately
307:Desmoncus
289:Acrocomia
284:pinnately
241:Guilielma
193:See text
139:Arecaceae
63:Kingdom:
3937:Wikidata
3884:Iguanura
3779:Manjekia
3772:Jailoloa
3737:Wodyetia
3723:Veitchia
3709:Adonidia
3674:Deckenia
3362:Prestoea
3328:Barcella
3307:Aiphanes
3214:Cocoseae
3155:Wettinia
3148:Socratea
3141:Iriartea
3031:Aphandra
3024:Ammandra
2965:Borassus
2951:Lodoicea
2930:Hyphaene
2572:Schippia
2543:Sabaleae
2425:Calameae
2407:Mauritia
2215:11291555
2058:13 March
2009:25070242
1800:B. major
1609:H.Karst.
1539:Steyerm.
1499:H.Karst.
1421:Bactris
1285:Cascante
1105:H.Karst.
925:Cascante
787:Aiphanes
775:Cocoseae
481:Aiphanes
405:Taxonomy
389:B. hirta
295:Aiphanes
252:H.Karst.
233:Guilelma
228:H.Karst.
200:Synonyms
187:Species
159:Cocoseae
135:Family:
129:Arecales
106:Monocots
4187:Bactris
4076:1262464
4024:2732906
3958:Bactris
3943:Q135451
3928:Bactris
3702:Ponapea
3632:Masoala
3527:Pinanga
3469:Areceae
3431:Geonoma
3355:Euterpe
3314:Bactris
3279:Syagrus
3251:Attalea
3203:Gaussia
3017:Ravenea
2944:Latania
2937:Medemia
2896:Corypha
2869:Caryota
2773:Serenoa
2759:Lanonia
2752:Saribus
2731:Licuala
2689:Guihaia
2662:Phoenix
2614:Thrinax
2490:Calamus
2448:Salacca
2271:1309496
2249:Bibcode
2207:4254969
2156:Bibcode
2117:Bibcode
2088:10 July
2076:Bactris
2026:Bactris
1912:4393893
1851:Bactris
1740:endemic
1724:Bactris
1716:Bactris
891:Species
873:Bactris
865:Piranga
842:Bactris
818:Bactris
803:Bactris
761:Bactris
742:plastid
565:plastid
519:Bactris
361:petiole
341:Bactris
329:Bactris
274:Bactris
170:Bactris
165:Genus:
155:Tribe:
125:Order:
67:Plantae
25:Bactris
4138:BACTR2
4133:PLANTS
4125:665030
4109:NZOR:
4102:154466
4089:500798
3972:194763
3716:Balaka
3611:Dypsis
3396:Welfia
3335:Elaeis
3272:Jubaea
3065:Orania
3003:Juania
2876:Arenga
2849:Tahina
2780:Brahea
2717:Rhapis
2586:Zombia
2393:Raphia
2315:genera
2269:
2213:
2205:
2007:
1910:
1760:) are
1589:Burret
1529:Grayum
1489:Burret
1469:Burret
1439:Granv.
1325:Burret
1235:Burret
1205:Oerst.
1165:Burret
1135:Burret
1115:Burret
1005:Poepp.
975:Spruce
955:Spruce
770:, the
365:rachis
345:spines
4071:IRMNG
4050:85316
4011:1BCTG
3998:17848
3985:8VVF5
3653:Howea
3520:Nenga
3513:Areca
3265:Cocos
3258:Butia
2635:Itaya
2552:Sabal
2267:S2CID
2237:(PDF)
2211:S2CID
2203:JSTOR
2031:(PDF)
2005:JSTOR
1937:Taxon
1908:JSTOR
1679:Mart.
1639:Trail
1619:Mart.
1599:Mart.
1559:Mart.
1519:Mart.
1405:Mart.
1385:Mart.
1365:Jacq.
1355:Mart.
1295:Mart.
1225:Drude
1185:Kunth
1175:Mart.
1155:Mart.
1125:Mart.
1085:Mart.
1015:Mart.
995:Mart.
985:Mart.
935:Trail
905:Mart.
838:Yuyba
772:tribe
279:palms
257:Yuyba
244:Mart.
180:Scop.
176:Jacq.
113:Clade
100:Clade
87:Clade
74:Clade
4146:POWO
4097:NCBI
4084:ITIS
4058:IPNI
4037:1219
4032:GRIN
4019:GBIF
4006:EPPO
3967:BOLD
2523:Nypa
2090:2019
2060:2013
1865:2020
1825:and
1809:and
1797:and
1768:Uses
1754:and
1738:are
836:and
793:and
399:axil
353:and
304:and
236:Link
209:List
4159:WFO
3993:EoL
3980:CoL
2257:doi
2195:doi
2164:doi
2125:doi
1976:doi
1972:151
1945:doi
883:or
363:or
178:ex
4183::
4161::
4148::
4135::
4122::
4099::
4086::
4073::
4060::
4047::
4034::
4021::
4008::
3995::
3982::
3969::
3954::
3939::
2265:.
2255:.
2245:22
2243:.
2239:.
2209:.
2201:.
2191:41
2189:.
2162:.
2152:40
2150:.
2137:^
2123:.
2113:40
2111:.
2098:^
2080:.
2051:.
2033:.
2001:60
1999:.
1970:.
1966:.
1941:60
1939:.
1920:^
1904:79
1902:.
1873:^
1855:.
1819:,
1803:.
1791:,
1785:,
1748:,
844:,
832:,
828:,
824:,
789:,
785:,
754:.
648:*
571:.
379:.
327:.
298:,
292:,
115::
102::
89::
76::
2304:e
2297:t
2290:v
2273:.
2259::
2251::
2217:.
2197::
2170:.
2166::
2158::
2131:.
2127::
2119::
2092:.
2074:"
2062:.
2037:.
2011:.
1984:.
1978::
1951:.
1947::
1914:.
1867:.
1849:"
1423:×
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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