2855:
3266:
3566:. Some are spiritually hungry; others are just looking for a place to park the children. Either way, they join congregations in large numbers on the suburban frontier. However, it is not so easy to become religiously involved. Meaningful religious life requires knowledge and learning takes time, something that many young families lack. Most of the parents also lack basic religious skills. The vast majority of
2747:
For the most part, the stature and the preparation of these
Tzadikim presuppose a balance that allows a peaceful coexistence even with those who have committed serious transgressions because otherwise, the intent to rage against them and, worse, to obtain advantages from them would certainly prevail.
3434:
During the 1960s there was a movement among secular
Israeli Jews that was essentially a search for spirituality. At the time, most Israeli parents were secular Zionists. While some Jews were hostile to traditional Judaism, a spiritual quest in the 1960s and 1970s caused some Israelis to seek answers
3446:
Decades of indoctrination by the secular school systems and the media in Israel have failed to have any effect on the sense of identity which most Jews feel with
Judaism—as recent surveys have shown. The masses have become aware of the emptiness—and the terror—of a purposeless, consumerist culture.
3349:
The
Israeli victory in the Six-Day War in 1967 ignited the pride of Jews in the Soviet Union, particularly in Russia. Suddenly there were hundreds of thousands of Jews wanting to go to Israel, although they dared not express their desire too openly. Several thousand applied for exit visas to Israel
3124:
Appearing as an identifiable movement in the 1960s, a growing number of young Jews who had previously been raised in non-religious homes in the United States started to develop a strong interest in becoming a part of observant
Judaism; many of these people, in contrast to sociological expectations,
2820:
The people making this sweeping change in their life grew up in a secular world. They went to good colleges and got excellent jobs. They didn't become
Orthodox because they were afraid, or because they needed a militaristic set of commands for living their lives. They chose Orthodoxy because it
3144:
A baal teshuva movement has emerged with a significant number of Jews from non-traditional homes returning to the observance of grandparents and great grandparents. In fact one of the challenges facing modern
Orthodoxy is that many of these returnees are attracted to a European
3207:: "It can even be said the inspiration rising from the Six-Day War fueled the beginnings of the baal teshuva movement." The research of Janet Aviad also suggests that the oft-claimed “miraculous” Israeli victory in 1967 gave momentum to the Ba’al Teshuva movement.
3709:
1995 Page 113 "The Baal
Teshuva movement addressed these same issues. Men and women attracted to Orthodox Judaism articulated a vision of renewed selfhood. M. Herbert Danzger, studying this phenomenon, commented on the affinity between the ideals of
3695:
2009 Page 627 "It is important to note that although
Renewal was fed by the Baal Teshuva movement (new returnees to Judaism) in the late 1960s ... The Baal Teshuva movement was a movement of disenchanted Diaspora and Israeli youth who turned back to
3691:; others found it in the baal teshuva movement where (hundreds of) thousands of Jews have returned to becoming Torah observant... of Jewish Renewal that is the Baal Teshuvah movement. It is unprecedented in Jewish history. In ed. Mark Avrum Ehrlich
2722:
The sages said: "The place whereon the penitent stand the wholly righteous could not stand;" as if saying: "their degree is above the degree of those who ever did not sin, because it is more difficult for them to subdue their passion than for the
3190:
tried to channel that interest into a Jewish direction through his writings) and the spirit of youth rebellion that pervades US high schools and college campuses. It was in recognition of this phenomenon and in response to it that the earliest
3214:
and the sway of the counterculture movement led many to abandon their religious upbringing, others were willing to experiment with alternate liberated lifestyles, and as part of this experimentation it was intriguing to them to explore Jewish
3549:
As with all social movements, there is controversy and criticism. Early twenty-first century researchers have debated the "drop-out" rate from this movement and the reasons for it and new challenges that are now presented. From a 2005 paper:
3745:
2009 p1 "Since the baal teshuva movement began in the 1960s, tens of thousands of Jews have become observant. The movement's effects were so noticeable by the 1980s that the New York Times, New York
Magazine, the Baltimore Jewish Times,
3939:
3202:
Whereas the earliest Baal teshuva trends were partly related to the prevailing anti-establishment atmosphere of the 1960s, it was an outcome of the great rise in Jewish pride in the wake of Israel's victory in 1967's
3464:
specially designed for the newly religious students who wanted to devote time to intensive study of classical texts with the ancient rabbinic commentaries. These schools opened in the early 1970s, mainly based in
3157:
that has been noted, researched and written about by sociologists, historians and Jewish thinkers since the 1960s when it came into the fore. The Baal teshuva movement, in its origins, was as much inspired by the
3455:
In Israel, special schools developed for the newly-religious, who came to be called "Baalei teshuva" (m. plural), "Baal teshuva" (m. singular), a "Baalat teshuva" refers to a female, and "chozeret biteshuva" in
3390:, were also smuggled into Russia. With the fall of the Communist regime, there is now a rich resource of Russian religious texts that flourishes and caters to Russian Jews living in Russia, America, and Israel.
3403:
3369:
Many Russian Jews began to study any Jewish texts they could lay their hands on. Foreign rabbis, often young students in Chabad Yeshivot, came on visits in order to teach how to learn Torah and how to observe
3397:
movement from the ground up and was part of the refusenik movement; it came as a great surprise to the Soviet authorities, and even to the Jewish community outside the USSR and it eventually contributed to
2782:
This movement among the Jewish people has produced a corresponding response from the various Jewish denominations and rabbis, particularly from Orthodox Judaism, which calls its response
2743:
Mar b. R. Ashi said: I am disqualified to judge in a scholar’s lawsuit. What is the reason? Because I love him as much as I love myself, and a person is unable to find fault with himself.
3510:
throughout Israel, and yeshiva programs for Israelis, Russians, French, and Americans, reach out to thousands. Followers of Chabad can be seen attending tefillin booths at the
3859:
1025:
3366:. In the middle of this, there arose a new interest in learning about and practicing Judaism, an urge that the Communist government had long attempted to stamp out.
3577:, and this makes it difficult for them to participate in an active manner in synagogue ritual. This frustrates them and their egalitarian religious expectations.
3239:... in the 1970s. Orthodoxy began a remarkable revival, spurred on by the missionizing done by the Baal Teshuva movement among other Jews. Lubavitch (also called
2775:. This movement has continued unabated until the present time and has been noted by scholars who have written articles and books about its significance to modern
3522:
candles on Fridays. There are also Chabad houses in almost every location that Jews might be located, whether as permanent residents, on business, or tourists.
3581:
reach out to as many different types of people as possible and encourage them to find ways of connecting to the congregation, and, through the synagogue, with
1603:
1258:
953:
1145:
2456:
2806:
are often linked together when discussing both the return of Jews to traditional Religious Judaism through the outreach efforts and the response to it.
2353:
3330:, which at that time had almost completely secularized its Jewish population. The rise of Jewish pride came in response to the growth of the State of
3231:
study. Many of these people adopted a fully Orthodox Jewish way of life, and although some eventually dropped out entirely or found their path within
117:
1140:
1388:
1642:
3953:
3327:
4289:
3489:
and Mendel Weinbach. Both of these rabbis had degrees from American universities and were able to speak to the modern mind-set. See also
627:
590:
4087:
2512:
1566:
3900:
1589:
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939:
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2672:(Jewish law) knowingly or unknowingly and has completed a process of introspection to "return" to the full observance of God's
2346:
1516:
1451:
1333:
3867:
3778:
3757:
637:
2576:, 'owner of return ') is a Jew who adopts some form of traditional religious observance after having previously followed a
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390:
1739:
1689:
1654:
1348:
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translates to 'returning to return' or 'returning to repentance'. Hence, a baal teshuva is a Jew who transgressed the
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4031:
4004:
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3101:
2339:
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and are now actively teaching other Russian emigres in Israel, aside from Kogan, who leads a community in Moscow.
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tried to channel the counterculture and its music into a Jewish direction through his music and teachings), the
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America's Alternative Religions By Timothy Miller, (academic research about the Baal teshuva movement) p. 113
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2759:. The spiritual and religious journey of those involved has brought them to become involved with all the
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background who becomes religiously observant in an Orthodox fashion. There is no strict definition of a
3976:"Rabbi Nota Schiller ("credited with being one of the visionary leaders of the Baal teshuva movement")"
3615:
3196:
2461:
2208:
2053:
1761:
1155:
351:
341:
77:
4038:
Cites her research that dropping out will occur if the newly-religious do not marry within five years.
4073:
3600:
2623:
and so the concept can also encompass Orthodox-leaning Jews who become stricter in their observance.
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2322:
2015:
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1807:
698:
4253:
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3150:
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2005:
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136:
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or other streams of Judaism, or even joined other faiths, others chose to remain with Orthodoxy:
2402:
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2121:
2000:
1990:
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886:
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71:
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to hundreds of Jewish communities around the country and the world. Among the non-Orthodox, the
2999:
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2020:
1934:
1000:
552:
171:
141:
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3664:, an ethnographic look at how the newly religious learn the language and customs of their new
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1939:
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movement grew, which was due in large measure to the joining of many intermarried couples.
8:
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3449:
This yearning has taken on massive proportions as expressed in the baal teshuva movement.
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2300:
1995:
673:
540:
443:
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129:
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As a result, among the grassroots levels there is a deep yearning for spiritual values.
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in Russian), willing to suffer jail time to demonstrate their new-found longing for
2731:, "whoever judges himself will not be judged"; however, in the described history of
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2010:
1962:
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102:
3693:
Encyclopedia of the Jewish diaspora: origins, experiences, and culture: Volume 1
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1981:
1861:
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854:
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67:
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929:
778:
773:
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758:
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688:
450:
289:
194:
156:
107:
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4202:
4115:
3559:
3538:
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3511:
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3339:
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2751:
Beginning in the mid-twentieth century, large numbers of previously highly
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2131:
1972:
1967:
1925:
1878:
972:
839:
824:
783:
748:
361:
203:
4227:
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satisfied their need for intellectual stimulation and emotional security.
2471:
2290:
2232:
1897:
803:
798:
793:
763:
3350:
and were instantly ostracized by government organizations including the
3783:
3394:
3199:, went out to connect with these people and "recruit" them to Judaism.
3154:
3129:
3029:
3014:
2693:
2596:
1948:
962:
891:
849:
678:
658:
217:
124:
44:
3585:. Given the barriers of language, though, it is a difficult challenge.
3451:
The secret is out that Jews believe in God and that they have a Torah.
3657:
The phenomenon has inspired a number of scholarly works. Among them,
3563:
3466:
2413:
2111:
2096:
1186:
1134:
896:
844:
834:
515:
511:
501:
416:
176:
3265:
864:
4145:
4065:
3996:
Site of Amnesia: The Lost Historical Consciousness of Mizrahi Jewry
3541:
are considered the leaders of the baal teshuva movement in Israel.
3375:
3039:
3004:
2994:
2979:
2950:
2736:
2706:
2668:
2280:
1890:
1822:
653:
161:
112:
2635:
4217:
4212:
4155:
4130:
4120:
3684:
3519:
3474:
3379:
3371:
3216:
3049:
2955:
2925:
2844:
2756:
2739:, many tzadikim were able to "see" the transgressions of others.
2674:
2571:
2526:
2256:
2222:
2091:
1885:
874:
869:
741:
632:
527:
523:
519:
268:
263:
240:
222:
97:
92:
82:
60:
35:
4186:
4110:
3574:
3500:
3423:
3387:
3383:
3331:
3240:
3228:
3167:
3019:
3009:
2989:
2889:
2879:
2865:
2763:, the most far-reaching stage being when they choose to follow
2732:
2715:
2697:
2631:
2595:
to religious Judaism. The term is used to refer to a worldwide
1916:
1911:
1871:
1856:
967:
859:
279:
245:
231:
166:
4248:
3578:
3415:
2728:
879:
308:
212:
181:
4052:
Baal teshuva movement noted as part of growth of Orthodoxy (
3660:
3363:
3335:
2974:
2711:
2581:
31:
3681:
Contemporary American Judaism: transformation and renewal
3544:
3351:
2600:
3125:
became attracted to observant Judaism within Orthodoxy.
3901:"The Miracle of '67: Forty Years Since the Six-Day War"
3460:. Schools were established dedicated to the intensive
3326:
The baal teshuva movement also appeared in the former
3933:
3931:
3404:
collapse of the Soviet Union and emigration to Israel
4023:
New Age Judaism: Ancient Wisdom for the Modern World
3799:"Laws of Repentance 7:4, citing Berakot, 34b. C. G."
2661:
2655:
2643:
2568:
2556:
2550:
1895:
1876:
299:
3400:
Aliyah from the Soviet Union and post-Soviet states
3928:
3149:The Baal teshuva movement has not just been about
2681:
3776:
3393:The return-to-Judaism movement was a spontaneous
4266:
3937:
3860:"American Orthodoxy in the Twenty First Century"
3992:
3518:as well as other public places, and distribute
3923:Return to Judaism: Religious Renewal in Israel
4081:
3940:"The Cambridge Companion to American Judaism"
3469:. Two significant institutions have been the
3255:
3095:
2755:chose to move in the direction of practicing
2506:
2347:
16:Jew who returns to or adopts Orthodox Judaism
3755:
2649:
2562:
2544:
3294:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
591:History of the Jews in the Byzantine Empire
4088:
4074:
3102:
3088:
2513:
2499:
2354:
2340:
3898:
3314:Learn how and when to remove this message
3832:
3718:
3716:
3833:Jakobson, Cathryn (November 17, 1986).
3119:
4267:
4019:
3925:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press
3758:"'Baal Teshuvah': The Next Generation"
3545:Challenges, critiques and difficulties
4069:
3882:"Rabbi Shlomo Charlebach (1925–1994)"
3749:
3722:
3713:
3643:
3641:
2660:), is more commonly used. In Hebrew,
4095:
3954:"Why the Secular Left Hates Judaism"
3857:
3422:, and Yitzchok Kogan, who all later
3342:policies, and in reaction to USSR's
3292:adding citations to reliable sources
3259:
3160:sixties and seventies counterculture
2794:("bringing close/er distant ") or
2650:
2563:
2545:
2540:
2452:Conversions of Jews to Christianity
13:
4290:Words and phrases in Modern Hebrew
3638:
3562:are finding their way back to the
2727:According to the teachings of the
2591:is a description of the return of
14:
4301:
4045:
3756:Dana Kessler (11 December 2018).
3374:. Jewish ritual objects, such as
382:Historical population comparisons
3993:Kozlovsky Golan, Yvonne (2019).
3858:Blau, Yosef (October 26, 2004).
3516:Ben Gurion International Airport
3334:, in reaction to the USSR's pro-
3264:
3195:of the Lubavitcher Rebbe, Rabbi
2853:
2714:from birth", even higher than a
1026:Democratic Republic of the Congo
940:Historical population by country
4013:
3986:
3968:
3946:
3915:
3892:
3874:
3851:
3826:
3743:The baal teshuva survival guide
3707:America's alternative religions
2682:Increasing religious observance
4182:Yeshiva gedolah (beth midrash)
4020:Ribner, Melinda (April 2000).
3938:Dana Evan Kaplan, ed. (2005).
3810:
3791:
3770:
3735:
3699:
3673:
1:
3942:. Cambridge University Press.
3779:"Tzaddik — The Baal Teshuvah"
3631:
3611:Conservative Judaism outreach
2606:
597:Christianity and Judaism
4056:by William Helmreich, p.xix)
4026:. Simcha Press. p. 83.
3725:"Jewish Word: Baal Teshuvah"
3723:Levin, Sala (4 March 2016).
3429:
2798:. The terms "baal teshuva" (
2462:Conversion of Jewish orphans
7:
3649:"What Is A Ba'al Teshuvah?"
3589:
3164:counterculture of the 1960s
3153:alone as it is a far wider
2662:
2656:
2644:
2615:refers to a Jew from a non-
2569:
2557:
2551:
2457:Jewish counter-missionaries
1896:
1877:
1604:Latin America and Caribbean
300:
10:
4306:
3570:do not know how to read a
3256:In the former Soviet Union
3197:Menachem Mendel Schneerson
3114:
2890:Prophecy within the Temple
2767:and its branches, such as
2209:Jewish political movements
1906:Conversion to Judaism
4236:
4195:
4174:
4103:
3978:. ohr.edu. Archived from
3899:Goldstein, Moshe (2007).
3683:2009 "Some found it in a
3601:Orthodox Judaism outreach
3554:Now, many of the younger
3485:Yeshiva headed by Rabbis
3414:(who eventually became a
3406:. Young leaders included
2841:Repentance, atonement and
612:Hinduism and Judaism
4285:Hebrew words and phrases
4254:Words of Peace and Truth
3816:Finkel, Avraham Yaakov.
3210:Although the effects of
3151:Orthodox Jewish outreach
2710:(lit. 'heaven') than a "
438:Temple in Jerusalem
131:Bar and bat mitzvah
3777:Rabbi Aaron L. Raskin.
3606:Reform Judaism outreach
3354:. Many hundreds became
3058:In contemporary Judaism
400:Twelve Tribes of Israel
3587:
3453:
3253:
3182:, the new interest in
3147:
3000:Ten Days of Repentance
2823:
2745:
2725:
4104:Types of organization
3999:. BRILL. p. 78.
3911:on December 12, 2007.
3621:Jewish fundamentalism
3552:
3444:
3435:in Jewish tradition.
3237:
3142:
3066:Baal teshuva movement
2829:Repentance in Judaism
2818:
2741:
2720:
2634:, literally meaning "
2589:baal teshuva movement
2580:lifestyle or a less
2398:Conservative outreach
1146:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
1141:Republic of the Congo
535:Second Temple Judaism
406:Kingdom of Judah
377:Modern historiography
4054:World of the Yeshiva
3964:on December 3, 1998.
3921:Aviad, Janet. 1983.
3288:improve this section
3233:Conservative Judaism
3120:In the United States
2761:Jewish denominations
2426:Proactive conversion
2248:World Agudath Israel
1389:United Arab Emirates
476:Second Temple period
466:Babylonian captivity
4280:Converts to Judaism
2885:Temple in Jerusalem
2447:Jewish assimilation
2442:Apostasy in Judaism
541:Hellenistic Judaism
119:Land of Israel
78:Principles of faith
3835:"The New Orthodox"
3653:My Jewish Learning
3473:("fire of Torah")
3217:Sabbath observance
3176:Woodstock Festival
3138:Yeshiva University
2657:chozrim b’teshuvah
2102:Jewish Koine Greek
1644:Dominican Republic
925:Judaism by country
604:Jews and Christmas
459:Assyrian captivity
4262:
4261:
4223:Mashgiach Ruchani
4166:Jewish day school
3982:on April 9, 2004.
3679:Dana Evan Kaplan
3408:Yosef Mendelevich
3324:
3323:
3316:
3184:Eastern religions
3162:, especially the
3134:mashgiach ruchani
3112:
3111:
2926:Mystical approach
2843:higher ascent in
2802:: בעל תשובה) and
2704:stands higher in
2700:says that a true
2686:According to the
2663:chozer b'teshuvah
2645:chozer b'teshuvah
2584:form of Judaism.
2523:
2522:
2393:Orthodox outreach
2364:
2363:
2313:
2312:
2061:
2060:
1808:Reconstructionist
1752:
1751:
904:
903:
711:
710:
548:Jewish–Roman wars
496:Hasmonean dynasty
412:Kingdom of Israel
316:
315:
4297:
4175:Higher education
4097:Jewish education
4090:
4083:
4076:
4067:
4066:
4039:
4037:
4017:
4011:
4010:
3990:
3984:
3983:
3972:
3966:
3965:
3960:. Archived from
3958:Jerusalem Letter
3950:
3944:
3943:
3935:
3926:
3919:
3913:
3912:
3907:. Archived from
3896:
3890:
3889:
3878:
3872:
3871:
3866:. Archived from
3855:
3849:
3848:
3830:
3824:
3814:
3808:
3807:
3795:
3789:
3788:
3774:
3768:
3767:
3753:
3747:
3739:
3733:
3732:
3720:
3711:
3703:
3697:
3677:
3671:
3670:
3645:
3616:Silent Holocaust
3491:Diaspora Yeshiva
3477:headed by Rabbi
3319:
3312:
3308:
3305:
3299:
3268:
3260:
3172:Shlomo Carlebach
3170:movement (Rabbi
3104:
3097:
3090:
2931:Ethical approach
2857:
2825:
2824:
2765:Orthodox Judaism
2753:assimilated Jews
2735:times and early
2665:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2647:
2575:
2566:
2565:
2560:
2554:
2548:
2547:
2542:
2515:
2508:
2501:
2477:Reverse Marranos
2414:Noahide campaign
2366:
2365:
2356:
2349:
2342:
2205:
2204:
2086:
1907:
1901:
1882:
1846:
1845:
1793:
1740:New Zealand
1692:
1655:El Salvador
1645:
1577:Northern America
1569:
1163:
919:
918:
830:Crimean Karaites
726:
725:
704:
702:
623:
621:
613:
607:
598:
586:Rabbinic Judaism
567:
561:
555:
543:
531:
497:
490:Maccabean Revolt
467:
460:
454:
446:
439:
433:
425:
407:
331:
330:
305:
200:
199:
132:
120:
19:
18:
4305:
4304:
4300:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4295:
4294:
4265:
4264:
4263:
4258:
4232:
4191:
4170:
4099:
4094:
4048:
4043:
4042:
4034:
4018:
4014:
4007:
3991:
3987:
3974:
3973:
3969:
3952:
3951:
3947:
3936:
3929:
3920:
3916:
3905:Where What When
3897:
3893:
3880:
3879:
3875:
3864:The Commentator
3856:
3852:
3831:
3827:
3815:
3811:
3797:
3796:
3792:
3775:
3771:
3754:
3750:
3740:
3736:
3729:Moment Magazine
3721:
3714:
3705:Timothy Miller
3704:
3700:
3678:
3674:
3647:
3646:
3639:
3634:
3626:Tinok shenishba
3596:Chabad outreach
3592:
3560:Generation Xers
3547:
3442:observes that:
3432:
3424:moved to Israel
3420:Herman Branover
3320:
3309:
3303:
3300:
3285:
3269:
3258:
3180:drug subculture
3122:
3117:
3108:
2966:Jewish calendar
2842:
2836:
2773:Hasidic Judaism
2684:
2609:
2558:ba'alas teshuva
2552:ba'alat teshuva
2543:; for a woman,
2519:
2417:
2411:
2409:Chabad outreach
2403:Reform outreach
2379:Jewish outreach
2360:
2315:
2314:
2202:
2192:
2191:
2182:Judeo-Malayalam
2162:Judaeo-Georgian
2082:
2073:
2063:
2062:
1963:Yiddish theatre
1905:
1843:
1833:
1832:
1791:
1764:
1754:
1753:
1690:
1643:
1567:
1161:
945:Genetic studies
916:
906:
905:
723:
713:
712:
700:
699:
619:
618:
611:
601:
596:
578:and Middle Ages
576:Rabbinic period
563:
557:
550:
538:
509:
495:
465:
458:
449:
441:
437:
428:
423:in Judaism
420:
405:
328:
318:
317:
197:
187:
186:
130:
118:
63:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4303:
4293:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4275:Baalei teshuva
4260:
4259:
4257:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4240:
4238:
4237:Related topics
4234:
4233:
4231:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4199:
4197:
4193:
4192:
4190:
4189:
4184:
4178:
4176:
4172:
4171:
4169:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4143:
4138:
4128:
4118:
4113:
4107:
4105:
4101:
4100:
4093:
4092:
4085:
4078:
4070:
4064:
4063:
4058:
4047:
4046:External links
4044:
4041:
4040:
4032:
4012:
4005:
3985:
3967:
3945:
3927:
3914:
3891:
3886:Jew of the Day
3873:
3870:on 2011-09-27.
3850:
3825:
3823:, Inc (p. 116)
3809:
3790:
3769:
3748:
3734:
3712:
3698:
3689:Jewish Renewal
3672:
3636:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3629:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3591:
3588:
3546:
3543:
3479:Noach Weinberg
3462:study of Torah
3440:Aharon Feldman
3431:
3428:
3322:
3321:
3272:
3270:
3263:
3257:
3254:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3099:
3092:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3079:
3078:
3076:Musar movement
3073:
3071:Jewish Renewal
3068:
3060:
3059:
3055:
3054:
3053:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2969:
2968:
2961:
2960:
2959:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2900:
2899:
2895:
2894:
2893:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2869:
2868:
2861:
2860:
2859:
2858:
2848:
2847:
2838:
2837:
2834:
2791:kiruv rechokim
2777:Jewish history
2769:Haredi Judaism
2702:ba'al teshuvah
2683:
2680:
2642:". In Israel,
2608:
2605:
2532:ba'al teshuvah
2521:
2520:
2518:
2517:
2510:
2503:
2495:
2492:
2491:
2490:
2489:
2484:
2482:Crypto-Judaism
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2436:
2435:
2434:Related topics
2431:
2430:
2429:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2407:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2387:
2386:
2382:
2381:
2375:
2374:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2358:
2351:
2344:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2331:
2330:
2325:
2317:
2316:
2311:
2310:
2309:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2260:
2259:
2253:
2252:
2251:
2250:
2245:
2243:Territorialism
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2212:
2211:
2203:
2198:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2127:Judaeo-Spanish
2124:
2122:Judaeo-Iranian
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2088:
2087:
2074:
2069:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2038:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1985:
1984:
1978:
1977:
1976:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1952:
1951:
1945:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1937:
1929:
1928:
1922:
1921:
1920:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1902:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1851:
1850:
1844:
1839:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1765:
1760:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1719:
1718:
1712:
1711:
1710:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1607:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1579:
1578:
1574:
1573:
1572:
1571:
1568:United Kingdom
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1416:
1415:
1409:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1208:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
1001:Bilad-el-Sudan
998:
993:
985:
984:
978:
977:
976:
975:
970:
965:
957:
956:
954:Land of Israel
950:
949:
948:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
917:
912:
911:
908:
907:
902:
901:
900:
899:
894:
889:
884:
883:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
814:
813:
812:Related groups
809:
808:
807:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
745:
744:
739:
724:
719:
718:
715:
714:
709:
708:
707:
706:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
669:Jewish atheism
666:
661:
656:
648:
647:
643:
642:
641:
640:
635:
630:
625:
620:Islamic–Jewish
615:
608:
593:
588:
580:
579:
572:
571:
570:
569:
545:
532:
504:
499:
492:
487:
485:Yehud Medinata
479:
478:
472:
471:
470:
469:
462:
455:
447:
434:
426:
414:
409:
402:
394:
393:
391:Ancient Israel
387:
386:
385:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
347:Land of Israel
344:
336:
335:
329:
324:
323:
320:
319:
314:
313:
312:
311:
306:
302:Shulchan Aruch
297:
292:
287:
282:
274:
273:
272:
271:
266:
258:
257:
251:
250:
249:
248:
243:
235:
234:
228:
227:
226:
225:
220:
215:
207:
206:
198:
193:
192:
189:
188:
185:
184:
179:
174:
169:
164:
159:
154:
149:
144:
139:
134:
127:
122:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
80:
75:
68:God in Judaism
64:
59:
58:
55:
54:
53:
52:
47:
39:
38:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4302:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4272:
4270:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4241:
4239:
4235:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4200:
4198:
4194:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4179:
4177:
4173:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4161:Hebrew school
4159:
4157:
4154:
4151:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4136:
4132:
4129:
4126:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4106:
4102:
4098:
4091:
4086:
4084:
4079:
4077:
4072:
4071:
4068:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4055:
4050:
4049:
4035:
4033:9781558747890
4029:
4025:
4024:
4016:
4008:
4006:9789004395626
4002:
3998:
3997:
3989:
3981:
3977:
3971:
3963:
3959:
3955:
3949:
3941:
3934:
3932:
3924:
3918:
3910:
3906:
3902:
3895:
3887:
3883:
3877:
3869:
3865:
3861:
3854:
3846:
3842:
3841:
3836:
3829:
3822:
3821:Jason Aronson
3819:
3813:
3805:
3804:
3803:Mishneh Torah
3800:
3794:
3786:
3785:
3780:
3773:
3765:
3764:
3759:
3752:
3744:
3738:
3730:
3726:
3719:
3717:
3708:
3702:
3694:
3690:
3687:and later in
3686:
3682:
3676:
3669:
3667:
3663:
3662:
3654:
3650:
3644:
3642:
3637:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3593:
3586:
3584:
3580:
3576:
3573:
3569:
3568:American Jews
3565:
3561:
3557:
3551:
3542:
3540:
3536:
3535:Amnon Yitzhak
3532:
3528:
3523:
3521:
3517:
3513:
3509:
3508:Chabad houses
3505:
3502:
3498:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3487:Nota Schiller
3484:
3480:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3463:
3459:
3452:
3450:
3443:
3441:
3436:
3427:
3425:
3421:
3417:
3413:
3412:Eliyahu Essas
3409:
3405:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3389:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3373:
3367:
3365:
3361:
3357:
3353:
3347:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3318:
3315:
3307:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3283:
3282:
3278:
3273:This section
3271:
3267:
3262:
3261:
3252:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3236:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3223:, and deeper
3222:
3218:
3213:
3212:the Holocaust
3208:
3206:
3200:
3198:
3194:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3165:
3161:
3156:
3152:
3146:
3141:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3126:
3105:
3100:
3098:
3093:
3091:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3082:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3063:
3062:
3061:
3057:
3056:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3025:Simchat Torah
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2985:Rosh Hashanah
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2975:Month of Elul
2973:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2967:
2963:
2962:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2902:
2901:
2897:
2896:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2867:
2863:
2862:
2856:
2852:
2851:
2850:
2849:
2846:
2840:
2839:
2833:
2830:
2827:
2826:
2822:
2817:
2815:
2813:
2807:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2792:
2787:
2786:
2780:
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2699:
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2691:
2690:
2689:Mishneh Torah
2679:
2677:
2676:
2671:
2670:
2664:
2658:
2646:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2624:
2622:
2621:ba'al teshuva
2618:
2614:
2604:
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2590:
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2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2467:Shavei Israel
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
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2299:
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2279:
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2258:
2255:
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2239:
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2210:
2207:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2195:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2167:Judeo-Aramaic
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2157:Judeo-Italian
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2137:GhardaĂŻa Sign
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2085:
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2079:
2076:
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2067:
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2055:
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2041:
2040:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1979:
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1971:
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1966:
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1785:
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1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1770:
1767:
1766:
1763:
1762:Denominations
1758:
1757:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
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1616:
1614:
1611:
1610:
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1608:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1590:United States
1588:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1576:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1563:
1560:
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1397:
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1387:
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1300:
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1227:
1225:
1222:
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1217:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1204:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
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1147:
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1142:
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1136:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1076:Guinea-Bissau
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
988:
987:
986:
983:
980:
979:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
960:
959:
958:
955:
952:
951:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
930:Lists of Jews
928:
926:
923:
922:
921:
920:
915:
910:
909:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
857:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
817:
816:
815:
811:
810:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
743:
740:
738:
735:
734:
733:
730:
729:
728:
727:
722:
717:
716:
705:
697:
695:
692:
690:
689:The Holocaust
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
651:
650:
649:
645:
644:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
616:
614:
609:
605:
599:
594:
592:
589:
587:
584:
583:
582:
581:
577:
574:
573:
566:
560:
554:
549:
546:
542:
536:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
482:
481:
480:
477:
474:
473:
468:
463:
461:
456:
452:
448:
445:
440:
435:
431:
427:
424:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
403:
401:
398:
397:
396:
395:
392:
389:
388:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
339:
338:
337:
333:
332:
327:
322:
321:
310:
307:
304:
303:
298:
296:
293:
291:
290:Mishneh Torah
288:
286:
283:
281:
278:
277:
276:
275:
270:
267:
265:
262:
261:
260:
259:
256:
253:
252:
247:
244:
242:
239:
238:
237:
236:
233:
230:
229:
224:
221:
219:
216:
214:
211:
210:
209:
208:
205:
202:
201:
196:
191:
190:
183:
180:
178:
175:
173:
170:
168:
165:
163:
160:
158:
155:
153:
150:
148:
145:
143:
140:
138:
135:
133:
128:
126:
123:
121:
116:
114:
111:
109:
106:
104:
101:
99:
96:
94:
91:
88:
84:
81:
79:
76:
73:
69:
66:
65:
62:
57:
56:
51:
50:Who is a Jew?
48:
46:
43:
42:
41:
40:
37:
33:
30:
29:
25:
21:
20:
4244:Baal teshuva
4243:
4208:Rosh mesivta
4203:Rosh yeshiva
4116:Talmud Torah
4053:
4022:
4015:
3995:
3988:
3980:the original
3970:
3962:the original
3957:
3948:
3922:
3917:
3909:the original
3904:
3894:
3885:
3876:
3868:the original
3863:
3853:
3844:
3838:
3828:
3817:
3812:
3801:
3793:
3782:
3772:
3761:
3751:
3742:
3737:
3728:
3706:
3701:
3692:
3680:
3675:
3668:communities
3658:
3656:
3652:
3556:Baby Boomers
3553:
3548:
3539:Reuven Elbaz
3531:Mizrahi Jews
3524:
3512:Western Wall
3506:, with many
3499:
3483:Ohr Somayach
3471:Aish HaTorah
3454:
3448:
3445:
3437:
3433:
3392:
3368:
3359:
3348:
3344:antisemitism
3340:anti-Zionist
3328:Soviet Union
3325:
3310:
3301:
3286:Please help
3274:
3238:
3219:, intensive
3209:
3201:
3188:Aryeh Kaplan
3148:
3143:
3127:
3123:
2866:Hebrew Bible
2831:
2819:
2810:
2808:
2803:
2795:
2789:
2783:
2781:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2726:
2721:
2705:
2701:
2687:
2685:
2673:
2667:
2630:is from the
2628:baal teshuva
2627:
2625:
2620:
2613:baal teshuva
2612:
2610:
2593:secular Jews
2588:
2586:
2531:
2530:
2524:
2487:Zera Yisrael
2421:Baal teshuva
2420:
2306:Post-Zionism
2177:Judeo-Berber
2172:Judeo-Arabic
2132:Judeo-Gascon
1879:Pidyon haben
1798:Conservative
1344:Saudi Arabia
1162:South Africa
1151:Sierra Leone
973:Israeli Jews
887:Mosaic Arabs
840:Kaifeng Jews
701:Arab–Israeli
674:Emancipation
553:Great Revolt
362:Anti-Judaism
357:Antisemitism
352:Name "Judea"
147:Baal teshuva
4228:Rosh Kollel
3741:Lisa Aiken
3575:prayer book
3495:Machon Meir
3386:, and even
3205:Six-Day War
3140:has noted:
2946:Torah study
2916:Love of God
2651:חוזר בתשובה
2611:The phrase
2472:Judaization
2385:Core topics
2301:Revisionist
2291:Neo-Zionism
1898:Zeved habat
1691:Puerto Rico
1517:Netherlands
1349:South Korea
1334:Philippines
1214:Afghanistan
1081:Ivory Coast
855:Crypto-Jews
820:Bnei Anusim
799:Bene Israel
764:Beta Israel
721:Communities
628:Middle Ages
367:Persecution
142:Bereavement
4269:Categories
3818:Ein Yaakov
3784:Chabad.org
3632:References
3537:and Rabbi
3481:, and the
3395:grassroots
3372:Jewish law
3356:refuseniks
3245:emissaries
3193:emissaries
3155:phenomenon
3145:Orthodoxy.
3130:Yosef Blau
3035:Tisha B'Av
3015:Yom Kippur
2936:Meditation
2921:Awe of God
2906:Confession
2816:reported:
2694:Maimonides
2654:; plural:
2640:repentance
2607:Definition
2599:among the
2597:phenomenon
2564:בעלי תשובה
2561:; plural,
2546:בעלת תשובה
2286:Maximalism
2238:Secularism
2218:Autonomism
2035:Literature
1828:Humanistic
1432:Azerbaijan
1394:Uzbekistan
1369:Tajikistan
1289:Kyrgyzstan
1274:Kazakhstan
1121:Mozambique
1096:Madagascar
1016:Cape Verde
968:New Yishuv
963:Old Yishuv
914:Population
892:Subbotniks
850:Samaritans
789:Romanyotim
732:Ashkenazim
679:Old Yishuv
659:Sabbateans
646:Modern era
638:Golden Age
565:Bar Kokhba
285:Beit Yosef
152:Philosophy
4196:Officials
3659:Becoming
3564:synagogue
3467:Jerusalem
3430:In Israel
3360:otkazniks
3304:June 2013
3275:does not
2911:Atonement
2809:In 1986,
2626:The term
2541:בעל תשובה
2296:Religious
2152:Zarphatic
2142:Bukharian
2112:Judeo-Tat
2097:Yeshivish
2071:Languages
2026:Sephardic
2016:Israelite
2006:Ethiopian
1996:Ashkenazi
1935:Religious
1725:Australia
1707:Venezuela
1613:Argentina
1595:Greenland
1507:Lithuania
1359:Sri Lanka
1354:Singapore
1279:Kurdistan
1244:Indonesia
1234:Hong Kong
1187:Abayudaya
1111:Mauritius
845:Igbo Jews
835:Krymchaks
754:Sephardim
622:relations
516:Sadducees
512:Pharisees
502:Sanhedrin
417:Jerusalem
177:Synagogue
45:Etymology
4146:Midrasha
4141:Seminary
3840:New York
3666:Orthodox
3590:See also
3533:, Rabbi
3527:Sephardi
3504:Hasidism
3402:and the
3384:siddurim
3376:tefillin
3166:and the
3045:The Omer
3040:Passover
3005:Kapparot
2995:Tashlikh
2980:Selichot
2951:Tzedakah
2941:Services
2835:"Return"
2814:magazine
2812:New York
2737:Hasidism
2733:Talmudic
2723:others."
2707:shamayim
2669:halakhah
2617:Orthodox
2603:people.
2570:ba'alei
2371:a series
2369:Part of
2323:Category
2281:Kahanism
2228:Feminism
2200:Politics
2084:Biblical
2054:American
2001:Bukharan
1991:American
1891:Shidduch
1867:Clothing
1823:Haymanot
1769:Orthodox
1697:Suriname
1680:Paraguay
1633:Colombia
1532:Portugal
1442:Bulgaria
1379:Thailand
1329:Pakistan
1309:Mongolia
1304:Malaysia
1224:Cambodia
1198:Zimbabwe
1173:Tanzania
1051:Eswatini
1041:Ethiopia
1031:Djibouti
1011:Cameroon
1006:Botswana
935:Diaspora
897:Noahides
870:Marranos
794:Cochinim
779:Bukharim
769:Gruzinim
759:Teimanim
749:Mizrahim
737:Galician
703:conflict
664:Hasidism
654:Haskalah
559:Diaspora
430:timeline
342:Timeline
255:Rabbinic
162:Kabbalah
137:Marriage
113:Tzedakah
103:Holidays
61:Religion
24:a series
22:Part of
4218:Mashpia
4213:Melamed
4156:Mechina
4131:Mesivta
4121:Yeshiva
3685:havurah
3520:Shabbat
3475:Yeshiva
3380:mezuzot
3296:removed
3281:sources
3243:) sent
3186:(Rabbi
3115:Origins
3050:Shavuot
3030:Ta'anit
2964:In the
2956:Mitzvot
2898:Aspects
2864:In the
2845:Judaism
2832:Teshuva
2757:Judaism
2675:mitzvot
2578:secular
2572:teshuva
2527:Judaism
2266:General
2257:Zionism
2233:Leftism
2223:Bundism
2147:Knaanic
2107:Yevanic
2092:Yiddish
2049:Yiddish
2044:Israeli
2021:Mizrahi
2011:Israeli
1982:Cuisine
1958:Ancient
1940:Secular
1886:Kashrut
1862:Wedding
1849:Customs
1841:Culture
1818:Science
1813:Renewal
1803:Karaite
1784:Hasidic
1716:Oceania
1702:Uruguay
1670:Jamaica
1650:Ecuador
1618:Bolivia
1562:Ukraine
1537:Romania
1512:Moldova
1492:Hungary
1482:Germany
1477:Georgia
1467:Finland
1462:Estonia
1457:Denmark
1452:Czechia
1437:Belarus
1427:Austria
1422:Armenia
1399:Vietnam
1314:Myanmar
1299:Lebanon
1219:Bahrain
1178:Tunisia
1156:Somalia
1131:Nigeria
1126:Namibia
1116:Morocco
1046:Eritrea
991:Algeria
875:Neofiti
784:Italkim
774:Juhurim
684:Zionism
633:Khazars
528:Sicarii
524:Zealots
520:Essenes
507:Schisms
372:Leaders
334:General
326:History
269:Tosefta
264:Midrash
241:Mishnah
223:Ketuvim
218:Nevi'im
167:Customs
98:Shabbat
93:Halakha
85: (
83:Mitzvot
70: (
36:Judaism
4187:Kollel
4111:Cheder
4030:
4003:
3763:Tablet
3579:Rabbis
3572:Hebrew
3525:Among
3501:Chabad
3458:Hebrew
3438:Rabbi
3388:matzah
3332:Israel
3249:Reform
3241:Chabad
3229:Talmud
3221:prayer
3178:, the
3168:Hippie
3128:Rabbi
3020:Sukkot
3010:Mikveh
2990:Shofar
2880:Korban
2875:Altars
2800:Hebrew
2716:tzadik
2698:Talmud
2696:, the
2636:master
2632:Talmud
2601:Jewish
2537:Hebrew
2328:Portal
2187:Domari
2117:Shassi
2078:Hebrew
1973:Humour
1917:Hiloni
1912:Aliyah
1872:Niddah
1857:Minyan
1792:Reform
1779:Haredi
1774:Modern
1675:Mexico
1660:Guyana
1623:Brazil
1585:Canada
1557:Sweden
1547:Serbia
1542:Russia
1527:Poland
1522:Norway
1502:Latvia
1487:Greece
1472:France
1447:Cyprus
1413:Europe
1384:Turkey
1374:Taiwan
1284:Kuwait
1269:Jordan
1259:Israel
1193:Zambia
1183:Uganda
1101:Malawi
1071:Guinea
1061:Gambia
996:Angola
982:Africa
865:Dönmeh
860:Anusim
804:Berber
742:Litvak
694:Israel
600:
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451:Second
419:
280:Targum
246:Gemara
232:Talmud
204:Tanakh
157:Ethics
108:Prayer
4249:Illui
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3416:rabbi
3225:Torah
2804:kiruv
2796:keruv
2785:kiruv
2729:Torah
2276:Labor
2271:Green
1968:Dance
1926:Music
1745:Palau
1665:Haiti
1628:Chile
1552:Spain
1497:Italy
1404:Yemen
1364:Syria
1339:Qatar
1319:Nepal
1264:Japan
1239:India
1229:China
1168:Sudan
1091:Libya
1086:Kenya
1066:Ghana
1056:Gabon
1036:Egypt
1021:Benin
880:Xueta
825:Lemba
444:First
309:Zohar
213:Torah
195:Texts
182:Rabbi
172:Rites
72:names
4150:list
4135:list
4125:list
4028:ISBN
4001:ISBN
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1206:Asia
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1106:Mali
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