17:
95:, who effectively ruled over all of Japan at the time, and had many Nichiren adherents as his personal retainers, decided to arbitrate the matter himself, encouraging both sides to stay calm. At first Nobunaga forbade the debate, having had a long history of low tolerance for the hypocrisy of violence or competition for power among religious groups. In addition, some scholars claimed that he feared the incident could cause a large-scale uprising in the
87:, when he was accosted by two Nichiren laymen by the names of Takebe Jōchi and Ōwaki Densuke. Reiyo asked to challenge the priest who had converted these men, citing that the two hecklers were mere novices, and that attempting to explain Buddhist teachings to them would be useless due to their inexperience. This was accepted by Nichiren masters, who sent a large delegation of priests and laymen from
220:
and had declared the
Nichiren sect to be the best after studying the Eight Sects. However, he also stated that he would join any sect if Nobunaga instructed him to. Nobunaga perceived Fuden's actions as a scheme driven by greed and deception. He accused Fuden of joining the Nichiren sect for bribes,
158:
and the Amida of the Pure Land school are the same. Teian asserted that Amida is one and the same entity, regardless of where he is found. In response to this, the
Nichiren sect asked Teian why Jōdo-shū rejected the Amida of the Lotus Sutra, asserting that its followers were encouraged to 'discard,
196:
Nobunaga next had the
Nichiren layman Ōwaki Densuke brought forward and reprimanded him for his inappropriate behavior. Despite being a mere salt peddler and not a holder of a province or district, Densuke had shown no favor to a prelate who had stayed at his lodgings and had allowed himself to be
175:
over forty years without yet revealing the truth. To this, Teian challenged the
Nichiren priests, asking whether they also reject the sublimity of the Lotus Sutra if they reject the forty years of doctrines before the Lotus Sutra as mere preliminaries. The Nichiren spokesman became silent at this,
159:
close, seal, and abandon' the Lotus Sutra. Teian argued that this rejection is not about discarding other practices but rather about setting aside other practices except for the nembutsu at first to attain the mental faculty for devoutly practicing the nembutsu, further citing testimonies from the
130:
and Teian from Tanaka in Azuchi, wore simple black robes and brought their own writing materials. Reiyo requested that he do the talking, having been the priest first challenged by the two laymen, but Teian was better at speech and debate, and thus he was the one who spoke for the Jōdo-shū sect.
192:
to Jōgon-in and summoned both the
Nichiren and the Jōdo-shū supporters before him. To begin, he gave heavy praise to Gyokunen Reiyo and Teian of the Jōdo sect, in addition to giving them, as well as the prelate Shū, gifts for the trouble they had to go through due to the disturbance.
232:
Fearful of a more widespread persecution, the
Nichiren establishment apologized for its transgressions, acknowledged their defeat, and promised to never persecute any other sect in the future, but a large indemnity was still imposed upon it. The outcome established an enforced
224:
Finally
Nobunaga spoke to the remaining Nichiren dignitaries. He criticized the Nichiren sect for spending their time on temple beautification and boisterous harassment of other sects instead of studying, deeming it miscreant. He demanded they either convert to
197:
instigated by others to impugn his guest, causing an uproar. Nobunaga then had
Densuke beheaded as punishment. Densuke's accomplice, Takebe Jōchi, who had caused the entire incident alongside Densuke, would later be caught fleeing from Nobunaga at the port of
221:
acting against his promises, and deliberately staying silent during the debate until the
Nichiren sect appeared to be winning. Nobunaga concluded that Fuden's behavior was unbecoming of his age and erudition and had him decapitated as well.
99:. The Nichiren priests, being sure they would triumph, ignored his order and demanded a debate. With this, Nobunaga consented to the discussion, appointing prelate Shū of Hino as the judge of the debate.
122:
The representatives of the
Nichiren sect were Nichikō of Chōmyōji, Jōkōin, Kuon’in, Myōkokuji, and Fuden. Daizōbō of the Myōkenji acted as the scribe. They dressed in magnificent robes and brought the
229:
or document their concession and refrain from slandering other sects, believing the Nichiren establishment would later deny losing if there was not a written concession.
83:
thought and practices. The particular event that directly caused the incident came about in early June 1579 after the arrival of the Jōdo-shū priest Gyokunen Reiyo in
420:
405:
126:
in eight scrolls, as well as an ink stone and paper. The representatives of Jōdo-shū on the other hand, those being Gyokunen Reiyo from
205:
344:
369:
298:
266:
410:
164:
16:
415:
400:
362:
The Roots and Consequences of Civil Wars and Revolutions: Conflicts that Changed World History
8:
217:
139:
134:
The dialogue between Teian and the Nichiren priests revolved around the invocation of
365:
340:
294:
262:
76:
52:
44:
336:
176:
leading to the raucous laughter of the entire hall and the stripping of his stole.
160:
213:
127:
394:
226:
189:
116:
112:
84:
80:
64:
216:
in the debate. According to rumors, Fuden was extremely knowledgeable about
185:
92:
60:
155:
123:
135:
108:
56:
234:
168:
150:(the primary practice of the Jōdo sects) causes one to fall into the
154:. In response to this, the Nichiren sect asked if the Amida in the
143:
151:
293:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. pp. 204, 205.
48:
209:
163:
to support this view. The Nichiren priests countered using the
147:
75:
The incident was caused by a number of disturbances caused by
208:, a highly learned and religiously unaffiliated scholar from
198:
172:
96:
88:
261:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. p. 64.
387:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
201:, leading to his arrest and subsequent beheading.
291:Buddhism and the State in Sixteenth-Century Japan
20:Jōgon-in, the temple where the debate took place.
392:
36:
30:
107:The debate took place in the Buddha Hall of
364:. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. p. 84.
383:Frederic, Louis (2002). "Azuchi shūron."
288:
256:
15:
406:Buddhism-related controversies in Japan
115:temple on the outskirts of the town of
421:Buddhism in the Azuchi–Momoyama period
393:
359:
339:(published 2011). pp. 314–321.
326:
324:
322:
320:
318:
316:
314:
312:
310:
284:
282:
280:
278:
252:
250:
330:
212:, and one of the supporters of the
13:
14:
432:
307:
275:
247:
237:between Buddhist sects in Japan.
43:took place between monks of the
353:
333:The Chronicle of Lord Nobunaga
1:
240:
204:After this Nobunaga summoned
102:
70:
179:
7:
360:Tucker, Spencer C. (2017).
152:Hell of Incessant Suffering
142:doctrine. Teian questioned
138:in the Lotus Sutra and the
37:
10:
437:
184:At the end of the debate
165:Sutra of Infinite Meaning
31:
257:Frédéric, Louis (2002).
79:followers intolerant of
26:Azuchi religious debate
21:
331:Ōta, Gyūichi (1610).
289:McMullin, N. (1984).
19:
335:. The Netherlands:
235:religious tolerance
218:Buddhist scriptures
171:acknowledges using
385:Japan Encyclopedia
259:Japan Encyclopedia
146:teaching that the
22:
411:Nichiren Buddhism
346:978-90-04-20456-0
173:expedient devices
53:Japanese Buddhism
428:
376:
375:
357:
351:
350:
337:Brill Publishers
328:
305:
304:
286:
273:
272:
254:
169:Sakyamuni Buddha
161:Pure Land sutras
42:
40:
34:
33:
436:
435:
431:
430:
429:
427:
426:
425:
391:
390:
380:
379:
372:
358:
354:
347:
329:
308:
301:
287:
276:
269:
255:
248:
243:
188:came down from
182:
105:
73:
28:
12:
11:
5:
434:
424:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
389:
388:
378:
377:
370:
352:
345:
306:
299:
274:
267:
245:
244:
242:
239:
181:
178:
104:
101:
72:
69:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
433:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
401:1579 in Japan
399:
398:
396:
386:
382:
381:
373:
371:9781440842931
367:
363:
356:
348:
342:
338:
334:
327:
325:
323:
321:
319:
317:
315:
313:
311:
302:
296:
292:
285:
283:
281:
279:
270:
264:
260:
253:
251:
246:
238:
236:
230:
228:
222:
219:
215:
214:Nichiren sect
211:
207:
202:
200:
194:
191:
190:Azuchi Castle
187:
177:
174:
170:
166:
162:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
132:
129:
125:
120:
118:
114:
110:
100:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
68:
66:
65:Azuchi Castle
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
39:
38:Azuchi shūron
27:
18:
384:
361:
355:
332:
290:
258:
231:
223:
203:
195:
186:Oda Nobunaga
183:
136:Amida Buddha
133:
121:
106:
93:Oda Nobunaga
74:
61:Oda Nobunaga
25:
23:
156:Lotus Sutra
124:Lotus Sutra
395:Categories
300:0691072914
268:0674007700
241:References
144:Nichiren's
103:The Debate
71:Background
180:Aftermath
140:Pure Land
67:in 1579.
51:sects of
416:Jōdo-shū
227:Jōdo-shū
167:, where
148:nembutsu
113:Jōdo-shū
109:Jōgon-in
77:Nichiren
57:Jōgon-in
49:Jōdo-shū
45:Nichiren
368:
343:
297:
265:
210:Kyushu
117:Azuchi
85:Azuchi
206:Fuden
199:Sakai
128:Kantō
97:Kinai
89:Kyoto
59:near
55:, at
366:ISBN
341:ISBN
295:ISBN
263:ISBN
111:, a
81:Jōdo
47:and
32:安土宗論
24:The
63:'s
397::
309:^
277:^
249:^
119:.
91:.
35:,
374:.
349:.
303:.
271:.
41:)
29:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.