605:
39:
463:
30:
1107:
857:
is the main factor influencing reduction potential. Arsenates occur in oxygenated waters, which have a high pe, while arsenites are the main arsenic species in
1723:
1234:
221:
107:
423:
1153:
Elias, Mikael; Wellner, Alon; Goldin-Azulay, Korina; Chabriere, Eric; Vorholt, Julia A.; Erb, Tobias J.; Tawfik, Dan S. (2012).
1464:
1077:
1286:"Trace compounds in Early Medieval Egyptian blue carry information on provenance, manufacture, application, and ageing"
1639:
Sánchez-Rodas, Daniel; Luis Gómez-Ariza, José; Giráldez, Inmaculada; Velasco, Alfredo; Morales, Emilio (1 June 2005).
186:
592:
projects in many countries. CCA remains a common and economical treatment choice for non-residential uses such as
324:
877:
1622:
Pollutants, National
Research Council (US) Committee on Medical and Biological Effects of Environmental (1977).
1136:
Pollutants, National
Research Council (US) Committee on Medical and Biological Effects of Environmental (1977).
431:
380:
297:
1839:
163:
1452:
937:
616:
933:
698:
1597:
1536:
Marinho, Belisa A.; Cristóvão, Raquel O.; Boaventura, Rui A. R.; Vilar, Vítor J. P. (1 January 2019).
581:
1538:"As(III) and Cr(VI) oxyanion removal from water by advanced oxidation/reduction processes—a review"
1486:
Likar, M; Schauer, P; Japelj, M; Globokar, M; Oklobdzija, M; Povse, A; Sunjić, V (1 January 1970).
623:
value and arsenate species dominate. In deoxygenated water, with low pe, arsenite species dominate.
953:
929:
949:
537:
435:
846:. Hydrogen arsenate and dihydrogen arsenate predominate in aqueous solution near neutral pH.
384:
57:
1697:
1652:
1297:
1166:
575:
571:
172:
127:
83:
8:
1604:, Interface Science in Drinking Water Treatment, vol. 10, Elsevier, pp. 193–206
850:
555:
419:
411:
403:
73:
1656:
1301:
1170:
1072:, IARC Scientific Publications, Lyon (FR): International Agency for Research on Cancer,
1834:
1829:
1573:
1378:
1326:
1285:
1198:
1064:
Waalkes, Michael P. (2019), Baan, Robert A.; Stewart, Bernard W.; Straif, Kurt (eds.),
988:
945:
1793:
1039:
1805:
1797:
1676:
1668:
1565:
1557:
1515:
1507:
1460:
1370:
1331:
1313:
1190:
1182:
1083:
1073:
917:
885:
588:
since the 1930s. Safety concerns have led to the phasing out of CCA-treated wood for
585:
563:
399:
391:
1748:
1664:
1577:
1202:
574:
pigment was made from cobalt arsenate before its toxicity led to its replacement by
1789:
1660:
1549:
1499:
1362:
1321:
1305:
1174:
865:
854:
608:
589:
547:
345:
244:
1009:
152:
843:
620:
364:
1623:
1137:
1396:
1309:
1259:
1155:"The molecular basis of phosphate discrimination in arsenate-rich environments"
1065:
694:
506:
318:
279:
1596:
Jekel, M.; Amy, G. L. (1 January 2006), Newcombe, Gayle; Dixon, David (eds.),
1553:
1154:
604:
38:
1823:
1801:
1672:
1561:
1511:
1374:
1317:
1186:
858:
559:
1777:
1640:
1638:
1537:
1349:
Corbeil, Marie-Claude; Charland, Jean-Pierre; Moffatt, Elizabeth A. (2002).
853:(pe) of a solution also affects arsenate speciation. In natural waters, the
1809:
1680:
1569:
1421:
1335:
1194:
1087:
881:
686:
632:
567:
443:
284:
1519:
888:
with repeated exposure. Countries with high levels of arsenic minerals in
550:
arsenate compounds are often brightly coloured and have been used to make
1216:
976:
964:
593:
544:
and subsequent ban by multiple regulatory bodies due to health concerns.
494:
372:
368:
1503:
1178:
1641:"Arsenic speciation in river and estuarine waters from southwest Spain"
1382:
1350:
972:
941:
925:
913:
893:
540:
were commonly used until their replacement by newer pesticides such as
502:
427:
266:
118:
1487:
957:
921:
533:
498:
478:
439:
1366:
317:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
1724:"Reducing population exposure to groundwater arsenic in Bangladesh"
968:
889:
612:
509:
in a formula, it is called diarsenate for example zinc diarsenate,
490:
451:
447:
415:
1152:
868:
shows the combined influence of pH and pe on arsenate speciation.
106:
551:
486:
482:
474:
466:
462:
395:
379:
atoms. The four oxygen atoms orient around the arsenic atom in a
360:
139:
1535:
909:
376:
29:
1598:"Chapter 11 - Arsenic removal during drinking water treatment"
1488:"Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some thenoyl amides"
905:
876:
Arsenates, along with arsenites, are a significant source of
96:
387:
disperses the ion's −3 charge across all four oxygen atoms.
407:
390:
Arsenate readily reacts with metals to form arsenate metal
1485:
631:, arsenate can be found as trihydrogen arsenate (that is
541:
341:
1070:
Tumour Site
Concordance and Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis
690:
628:
1348:
1778:"Arsenic toxicity and potential mechanisms of action"
896:, are especially at risk of arsenate contamination.
963:As with other arsenic compounds, arsenate binds to
485:. Examples of arsenate-containing minerals include
1821:
1351:"The Characterization of Cobalt Violet Pigments"
979:and therefore resulting in further loss of ATP.
944:, forming the next intermediate in the pathway,
912:as it interferes with the normal functioning of
151:
1260:"The Global Problem of Lead Arsenate Pesticide"
82:
1108:"P1: Standard Reduction Potentials by Element"
1542:Environmental Science and Pollution Research
1459:, Oxford: Academic Press, pp. 751–752,
1284:Dariz, Petra; Schmid, Thomas (28 May 2021).
359:. Bonding in arsenate consists of a central
195:InChI=1S/AsH3O4/c2-1(3,4)5/h(H3,2,3,4,5)/p-3
1283:
205:InChI=1/AsH3O4/c2-1(3,4)5/h(H3,2,3,4,5)/p-3
1621:
1457:Encyclopedia of Toxicology (Third Edition)
1135:
948:. Therefore, glycolysis proceeds, but the
126:
1325:
685:). Trihydrogen arsenate is also known as
611:showing the distribution of arsenate and
469:, a naturally occurring arsenate mineral.
171:
1595:
960:of glycolysis, explaining its toxicity.
697:can be determined from their respective
603:
461:
1063:
940:instead, which is unstable and quickly
1822:
1775:
1692:
1690:
1450:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1235:"The Evolution of Chemical Pesticides"
952:molecule that would be generated from
1771:
1769:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1531:
1529:
899:
842:These values are similar to those of
693:, the distribution of these arsenate
505:. When two arsenate ions balance the
457:
198:Key: DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K
1645:The Science of the Total Environment
1131:
1129:
1034:
1032:
1030:
442:. Arsenate can replace phosphate in
1721:
1687:
1615:
1439:
1007:
208:Key: DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-DFZHHIFOAQ
142:
13:
1776:Hughes, Michael F. (7 July 2002).
1766:
1584:
1526:
37:
28:
14:
1851:
1126:
1027:
558:was a minor compound used in the
418:. Due to arsenic having the same
1628:. National Academies Press (US).
1602:Interface Science and Technology
1142:. National Academies Press (US).
871:
1741:
1715:
1665:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.029
1632:
1479:
1414:
1389:
1342:
1277:
1040:"Arsenate mineral | Britannica"
967:, inhibiting the conversion of
321:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
1492:Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
1252:
1227:
1209:
1146:
1100:
1057:
1001:
920:. Arsenate replaces inorganic
473:Arsenates occur naturally, in
311:Extremely toxic, carcinogenic
298:Occupational safety and health
1:
1794:10.1016/s0378-4274(02)00084-x
1451:Barton, C. (1 January 2014),
994:
599:
584:(CCA) has been a widely used
1422:"Cobaltous arsenate - CAMEO"
7:
1455:, in Wexler, Philip (ed.),
1217:"The mineralogy of Arsenic"
982:
938:1-arseno-3-phosphoglycerate
699:acid dissociation constants
24:
10:
1856:
1310:10.1038/s41598-021-90759-6
934:glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
430:, arsenate shares similar
1554:10.1007/s11356-018-3595-5
956:is lost – arsenate is an
582:Chromated copper arsenate
394:. Arsenate is a moderate
315:
295:
290:
237:
217:
182:
66:
56:
51:
23:
1749:"How does arsenic kill?"
1014:pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
855:dissolved oxygen content
645:), dihydrogen arsenate (
1355:Studies in Conservation
954:1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
930:1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
904:Arsenate is harmful to
527:
371:to one oxygen atom and
661:), hydrogen arsenate (
624:
538:lead hydrogen arsenate
481:form, in a variety of
470:
42:
33:
607:
465:
444:biochemical reactions
41:
32:
1840:Arsenic(V) compounds
1625:Chemistry of Arsenic
1139:Chemistry of Arsenic
1112:Chemistry LibreTexts
1066:"Arsenic and metals"
562:pigment used by the
381:tetrahedral geometry
1722:UCL (10 May 2022).
1657:2005ScTEn.345..207S
1504:10.1021/jm00295a053
1302:2021NatSR..1111296D
1179:10.1038/nature11517
1171:2012Natur.491..134E
851:reduction potential
619:waters have a high
404:electrode potential
375:to a further three
274: g·mol
20:
1782:Toxicology Letters
1728:UCL Earth Sciences
1453:"CCA-Treated Wood"
1290:Scientific Reports
1044:www.britannica.com
989:Category:Arsenates
946:3-phosphoglycerate
900:Arsenate poisoning
892:and rock, such as
625:
615:species in water.
471:
458:Natural occurrence
325:Infobox references
43:
34:
18:
1466:978-0-12-386455-0
1165:(7422): 134–137.
1114:. 2 December 2013
1079:978-92-832-2217-0
886:arsenic poisoning
627:Depending on the
586:wood preservative
564:ancient Egyptians
400:electron acceptor
333:Chemical compound
331:
330:
108:Interactive image
47:
46:
1847:
1814:
1813:
1773:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1745:
1739:
1738:
1736:
1734:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1694:
1685:
1684:
1651:(1–3): 207–217.
1636:
1630:
1629:
1619:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1593:
1582:
1581:
1548:(3): 2203–2227.
1533:
1524:
1523:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1448:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1418:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1393:
1387:
1386:
1346:
1340:
1339:
1329:
1281:
1275:
1274:
1272:
1270:
1256:
1250:
1249:
1247:
1245:
1239:www.fishersci.ca
1231:
1225:
1224:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1150:
1144:
1143:
1133:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1104:
1098:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1036:
1025:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1005:
884:and can lead to
880:in some natural
866:Pourbaix diagram
830:
827:
824:
818:
817:
814:
805:
804:
801:
785:
782:
776:
775:
772:
763:
762:
759:
739:
736:
730:
729:
726:
684:
683:
682:
679:
673:), or arsenate (
672:
671:
670:
667:
660:
659:
658:
655:
644:
609:Pourbaix diagram
576:cobalt phosphate
548:Transition metal
523:
358:
357:
356:
353:
346:chemical formula
273:
260:
259:
258:
255:
245:Chemical formula
175:
155:
144:
130:
110:
86:
25:
21:
17:
1855:
1854:
1850:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1845:
1844:
1820:
1819:
1818:
1817:
1774:
1767:
1757:
1755:
1753:livescience.com
1747:
1746:
1742:
1732:
1730:
1720:
1716:
1706:
1704:
1696:
1695:
1688:
1637:
1633:
1620:
1616:
1607:
1605:
1594:
1585:
1534:
1527:
1484:
1480:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1449:
1440:
1430:
1428:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1405:
1403:
1397:"Cobalt violet"
1395:
1394:
1390:
1367:10.2307/1506784
1347:
1343:
1282:
1278:
1268:
1266:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1243:
1241:
1233:
1232:
1228:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1151:
1147:
1134:
1127:
1117:
1115:
1106:
1105:
1101:
1092:
1090:
1080:
1062:
1058:
1048:
1046:
1038:
1037:
1028:
1018:
1016:
1006:
1002:
997:
985:
975:, blocking the
924:in the step of
902:
874:
861:with a low pe.
844:phosphoric acid
837:
828:
825:
822:
815:
812:
811:
809:
802:
799:
798:
796:
792:
783:
780:
773:
770:
769:
767:
760:
757:
756:
754:
750:
746:
737:
734:
727:
724:
723:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
680:
677:
676:
674:
668:
665:
664:
662:
656:
653:
652:
650:
646:
643:
639:
635:
602:
556:Copper arsenate
532:Arsenate-based
530:
522:
518:
514:
510:
460:
365:oxidation state
354:
351:
350:
348:
334:
327:
322:
308:
271:
256:
253:
252:
250:
247:
233:
230:
225:
224:
213:
210:
209:
206:
200:
199:
196:
190:
189:
178:
158:
145:
133:
113:
100:
89:
76:
62:
12:
11:
5:
1853:
1843:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1816:
1815:
1765:
1740:
1714:
1686:
1631:
1614:
1583:
1525:
1498:(1): 159–161.
1478:
1465:
1438:
1413:
1388:
1361:(4): 237–249.
1341:
1276:
1251:
1226:
1208:
1145:
1125:
1099:
1078:
1056:
1026:
1010:"Arsenate ion"
999:
998:
996:
993:
992:
991:
984:
981:
936:. This yields
928:that produces
901:
898:
873:
870:
840:
839:
835:
820:
807:
794:
790:
778:
765:
752:
748:
744:
732:
719:
715:
711:
707:
648:
641:
637:
601:
598:
529:
526:
520:
516:
512:
459:
456:
332:
329:
328:
323:
319:standard state
316:
313:
312:
309:
306:
303:
302:
293:
292:
288:
287:
282:
280:Conjugate acid
276:
275:
269:
263:
262:
248:
243:
240:
239:
235:
234:
232:
231:
228:
220:
219:
218:
215:
214:
212:
211:
207:
204:
203:
201:
197:
194:
193:
185:
184:
183:
180:
179:
177:
176:
168:
166:
160:
159:
157:
156:
148:
146:
138:
135:
134:
132:
131:
123:
121:
115:
114:
112:
111:
103:
101:
94:
91:
90:
88:
87:
79:
77:
72:
69:
68:
64:
63:
60:
54:
53:
49:
48:
45:
44:
35:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1852:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1772:
1770:
1754:
1750:
1744:
1729:
1725:
1718:
1703:
1699:
1693:
1691:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1635:
1627:
1626:
1618:
1603:
1599:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1532:
1530:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1482:
1468:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1427:
1426:cameo.mfa.org
1423:
1417:
1402:
1398:
1392:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1345:
1337:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1280:
1265:
1261:
1255:
1240:
1236:
1230:
1222:
1218:
1212:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1149:
1141:
1140:
1132:
1130:
1113:
1109:
1103:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1060:
1045:
1041:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1015:
1011:
1004:
1000:
990:
987:
986:
980:
978:
974:
970:
966:
961:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
897:
895:
891:
887:
883:
882:water sources
879:
878:contamination
872:Contamination
869:
867:
862:
860:
859:anoxic waters
856:
852:
847:
845:
834:
795:
789:
749:
743:
704:
703:
702:
700:
696:
692:
689:. At a given
688:
634:
630:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
597:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
577:
573:
572:Cobalt violet
569:
565:
561:
560:Egyptian blue
557:
553:
549:
545:
543:
539:
535:
525:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
468:
464:
455:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
424:atomic radius
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
388:
386:
382:
378:
374:
373:single bonded
370:
369:double bonded
366:
362:
347:
343:
339:
326:
320:
314:
310:
305:
304:
300:
299:
294:
289:
286:
283:
281:
278:
277:
270:
268:
265:
264:
249:
246:
242:
241:
236:
227:
226:
223:
216:
202:
192:
191:
188:
181:
174:
170:
169:
167:
165:
162:
161:
154:
150:
149:
147:
141:
137:
136:
129:
125:
124:
122:
120:
117:
116:
109:
105:
104:
102:
98:
93:
92:
85:
81:
80:
78:
75:
71:
70:
65:
59:
55:
50:
40:
36:
31:
27:
26:
22:
16:
1785:
1781:
1756:. Retrieved
1752:
1743:
1731:. Retrieved
1727:
1717:
1705:. Retrieved
1701:
1648:
1644:
1634:
1624:
1617:
1606:, retrieved
1601:
1545:
1541:
1495:
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307:Main hazards
296:
285:Arsenic acid
67:Identifiers
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1702:www.who.int
1264:lead.org.au
977:Krebs cycle
965:lipoic acid
918:Krebs cycle
594:agriculture
590:residential
495:annabergite
363:atom, with
301:(OHS/OSH):
238:Properties
1824:Categories
1221:Mindat.org
995:References
973:acetyl-CoA
942:hydrolyzes
926:glycolysis
914:glycolysis
894:Bangladesh
617:Oxygenated
600:Speciation
534:pesticides
503:legrandite
436:reactivity
428:phosphorus
402:, with an
267:Molar mass
173:G1DBI405OK
119:ChemSpider
95:3D model (
84:15584-04-0
74:CAS Number
58:IUPAC name
1835:Oxyanions
1830:Arsenates
1802:0378-4274
1698:"Arsenic"
1673:0048-9697
1562:1614-7499
1512:1520-4804
1401:ColourLex
1375:0039-3630
1318:2045-2322
1187:1476-4687
1008:PubChem.
958:uncoupler
922:phosphate
499:erythrite
479:anhydrous
452:organisms
440:phosphate
412:reduction
406:of +0.56
392:compounds
385:Resonance
344:with the
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1810:12076506
1758:31 March
1733:15 April
1707:15 April
1681:15919540
1608:15 April
1578:53783178
1570:30474808
1472:10 April
1431:10 April
1406:10 April
1336:34050218
1203:99851438
1195:23034649
1118:29 March
1088:33979075
983:See also
969:pyruvate
916:and the
890:sediment
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768:O ⇌ HAsO
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613:arsenite
552:pigments
536:such as
491:alarsite
483:minerals
475:hydrated
450:to most
432:geometry
416:arsenite
410:for its
396:oxidizer
338:arsenate
291:Hazards
61:Arsenate
1653:Bibcode
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1298:Bibcode
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487:adamite
467:Adamite
446:and is
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398:and an
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