114:
416:
1072:
630:
140:
562:
538:
840:
550:
1523:, where it is most commonly excavated. Despite the fact that this semiprecious gemstone is classified as “stone”, wood anatomy reveals it was fossilized pieces of trunks of Araucariacea. Oltustone, also called ‘Black Amber’ is unique to Turkey. It is dull and black, but when polished, acquires an attractive black sheen.
518:
Female cones are also very large. They are spherical to ovoid in shape and borne erect on thick, short shoots at branch tips. The numerous bracts and scales are either fused to each other or separate for half of their lengths. The scales almost always bear only one seed on its upper surface, in
523:). They are very large, among the largest seeds among conifers. They are dispersed by wind, usually using wing-like structures. On maturity, the female cones detach and fall to the ground. Due to their size, they can cause serious injuries if they hit a person. The cones of the bunya bunya,
1495:
Several species are very popular ornamental trees in gardens in subtropical regions, and some are also very important timber trees, producing wood of high quality. Several have edible seeds similar to pine nuts, and others produce valuable
602:
2082:
Stull, Gregory W.; Qu, Xiao-Jian; Parins-Fukuchi, Caroline; Yang, Ying-Ying; Yang, Jun-Bo; Yang, Zhi-Yun; Hu, Yi; Ma, Hong; Soltis, Pamela S.; Soltis, Douglas E.; Li, De-Zhu (July 19, 2021).
432:
Members of
Araucariaceae are typically extremely tall evergreen trees, reaching heights of 60 m (200 ft) or more. They can also grow very large stem diameters; a New Zealand
515:
arranged in whorls or spirals. Each has four to 20 elongated pollen sacs attached to the lower surface at one end. The pollen grains are round and do not possess wings or air sacs.
2479:
Pye, Matthew G.; Henwood, Murray J.; Gadek, Paul A. (2009). "Differential levels of genetic diversity and divergence among populations of an ancient
Australian rainforest conifer,
1515:
Skillful artisans in the
Erzurum Province, Turkey, have used fossilized wood of Araucariaceae for centuries to manufacture jewelry and decorative items. It is known as "
1469:
By far the greatest diversity is in New
Caledonia (18 species), with others in Australia, Argentina, New Zealand, Chile, southern Brazil, and Malesia. In Malesia,
1599:
222:
485:
The leaves can be small, needle-like, and curved, or they can be large, broadly ovate, and flattened. They are spirally arranged, persistent, and usually have
452:
of 491 cm (16.11 ft). Its total wood volume is calculated to be 516.7 m (18,250 cu ft), making it the third-largest conifer after
529:, for example, weigh up to 10 kg (22 lb), about the size and weight of a large pineapple. They can drop from heights of 23 m (75 ft).
2429:
Kershaw, Peter; Wagstaff, Barbara (2001). "The
Southern Conifer Family Araucariaceae: History, Status, and Value for Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction".
2221:"Emwadea microcarpa gen. et sp. nov.—anatomically preserved araucarian seed cones from the Winton Formation (late Albian), western Queensland, Australia"
1824:
1560:
482:. The branching is usually horizontal and tiered, arising regularly in whorls of three to seven branches or alternating in widely separated pairs.
2928:
2178:
Leslie, Andrew B.; Beaulieu, Jeremy; Holman, Garth; Campbell, Christopher S.; Mei, Wenbin; Raubeson, Linda R.; Mathews, Sarah (September 2018).
1572:
2967:
2276:"Wairarapaia mildenhallii gen. et sp. nov., a New Araucarian Cone Related to Wollemia from the Cretaceous (Albian-Cenomanian) of New Zealand"
1631:
337:
3080:
1566:
346:
2008:
Derived from papers by A. Farjon and C. J. Quinn & R. A. Price in the
Proceedings of the Fourth International Conifer Conference,
1617:
319:
2876:
2321:
Escapa, Ignacio H.; Iglesias, Ari; Wilf, Peter; Catalano, Santiago A.; Caraballo-Ortiz, Marcos A.; Rubén Cúneo, N. (August 2018).
2941:
2889:
2775:
1915:
1881:
503:
Male cones are among the largest among all conifer cones, on average. They are cylindrical and drooping, somewhat resembling
1504:. In the forests where they occur, they are usually dominant trees, often the largest species in the forest; the largest is
399:
periods, in their native distribution they are now largely confined to the
Southern Hemisphere, except for a few species of
2946:
2650:
594:. The division includes all living conifers. Recently however, some authorities treat Araucariaceae as a separate order,
2829:
1958:
113:
2972:
2915:
3021:
1096:
Endemic to
Australia. It was known only from fossil remains before the discovery of the living species in 1994.
2954:
1839:
1442:
Molecular evidence supports
Araucariaceae and Podocarpaceae having diverged from each other during the late
2780:
1701:"New amber deposit provides evidence of Early Paleogene extinctions, paleoclimates, and past distributions"
17:
2084:"Gene duplications and phylogenomic conflict underlie major pulses of phenotypic evolution in gymnosperms"
139:
2762:
2323:"Agathis trees of Patagonia's Cretaceous-Paleogene death landscapes and their evolutionary significance"
415:
3016:
2868:
2842:
639:
245:
3075:
2982:
849:
449:
2894:
2220:
2863:
2753:
2643:
723:
3070:
3008:
2837:
2715:
741:
715:
700:
648:
542:
122:
3085:
3003:
2933:
2855:
2442:
1905:
1871:
938:
930:
2995:
2801:
2601:
2592:
Stockey, Ruth A (1994). "Mesozoic
Araucariaceae: morphology and systematic relationships".
2572:
2492:
2459:
2232:
2095:
990:
858:
790:
730:
692:
685:
454:
2450:
Krasilov, Valentin A (1978). "Araucariaceae as indicators of climate and paleolatitudes".
1660:
1603:
from the Middle Jurassic of Argentina and England respectively. The oldest records of the
8:
2147:"First Report of Araucariaceae wood (Agathoxylon sp.) from the Late Cretaceous of Turkey"
1932:
1648:
1593:
1532:
1508:, reported to 89 m tall in New Guinea, with several other species reaching 50–65 m tall.
1473:
extends a short distance into the Northern Hemisphere, reaching 18°N in the Philippines.
966:
748:
708:
674:
525:
2605:
2576:
2496:
2463:
2236:
2099:
2027:"Phylogenetic Analysis of Araucariaceae: Integrating Molecules, Morphology, and Fossils"
1512:, the Norfolk Island pine, is a well-known landscaping and house plant from this taxon.
1071:
492:
Like other conifers, they produce cones. Each tree can have both male and female cones (
3042:
2850:
2636:
2617:
2543:
2508:
2421:
2370:
2303:
2256:
2127:
2064:
2026:
1723:
1700:
950:
922:
886:
797:
783:
769:
762:
667:
656:
134:
2275:
1984:
448:("The Lord of the Forest") has been measured at 45.2 m (148 ft) tall with a
2990:
2788:
2584:
2551:
2471:
2362:
2354:
2295:
2260:
2248:
2201:
2131:
2119:
2111:
2083:
2056:
1911:
1877:
1583:, though there are potential earlier Late Triassic records. Early representatives of
958:
874:
755:
588:
486:
438:
424:
2621:
2512:
2374:
2307:
2068:
1727:
3047:
2662:
2609:
2580:
2533:
2500:
2467:
2438:
2417:
2393:"Tertiary Araucariaceae from South-eastern Australia, with notes on living species"
2344:
2334:
2287:
2240:
2191:
2180:"An overview of extant conifer evolution from the perspective of the fossil record"
2158:
2103:
2046:
2038:
1798:
1715:
1677:
1626:
1088:
1014:
581:
574:
566:
2793:
2767:
2244:
1588:
1249:
1205:
1030:
998:
983:
902:
776:
554:
479:
2959:
629:
2392:
2107:
1776:
1754:
1580:
1548:
1115:
of molecular data. It shows the position of Araucariaceae within the division.
1038:
1006:
810:
460:
164:
2522:"Phylogenetic relationships within Araucariaceae based on rbcL gene sequences"
2504:
2163:
2146:
444:
419:
3064:
2738:
2683:
2358:
2299:
2252:
2115:
2060:
1554:
1174:
1022:
806:
310:
292:
70:
1962:
601:
3034:
2693:
2555:
2366:
2205:
2123:
1227:
879:
465:
328:
207:
127:
2563:
Stockey, Ruth A (1982). "The Araucariaceae: an evolutionary perspective".
1486:
2902:
2747:
2688:
1672:
1542:
1536:
1063:
1047:
301:
283:
45:
2397:
Australian Journal of Scientific Research Series B (Biological Sciences)
1719:
1490:
561:
2613:
2547:
2349:
1639:
of New Zealand. The oldest fossils currently confidently assignable to
1636:
1612:
1516:
1112:
943:
863:
818:
512:
493:
392:
231:
177:
90:
55:
2339:
2322:
2196:
2179:
2051:
1482:
2907:
2814:
2659:
2628:
1652:
1108:
1055:
867:
822:
814:
591:
584:
497:
396:
367:
268:
239:
95:
2920:
2881:
2709:
2538:
2521:
537:
3029:
2732:
2698:
2673:
2408:
Kendall, Mabel W (1949). "A Jurassic member of the Araucariaceae".
2291:
2042:
1907:
The European Garden Flora: Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae, Angiospermae
1271:
1132:
1059:
839:
520:
388:
379:
275:
85:
80:
65:
60:
50:
2819:
2219:
Dettmann, Mary E.; Clifford, H. Trevor; Peters, Mark (June 2012).
1663:
of the same region, which date to the very end of the Cretaceous.
1443:
1051:
979:
891:
608:
Araucariaceae contains three extant genera and about 41 species.
577:
549:
404:
373:
261:
197:
187:
100:
75:
1622:
1531:
Fossils widely believed to belong to Araucariaceae include the
895:
830:
504:
365:– is a family of coniferous trees, with three living genera,
2806:
1501:
1497:
826:
476:
433:
384:
151:
2177:
1822:
1579:
The oldest definitive records of Araucariaceae are from the
1520:
975:
508:
472:
2320:
2025:
Escapa, Ignacio H.; Catalano, Santiago A. (October 2013).
2081:
1339:
Relationships between living members of Araucariaceae.
507:. They are borne singly on the tips of branches or the
2218:
1699:
Poinar, George; Archibald, Bruce; Brown, Alex (1999).
1034:—Queensland kauri (Queensland, Australia; New Guinea)
2225:
Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology
1869:
1698:
1659:-like leaves are also known from the slightly older
2274:Cantrill, David J.; Raine, J. Ian (November 2006).
2020:
2018:
1903:
1466:, distributed largely in the Southern Hemisphere.
471:The trunks are columnar and have relatively large
1779:. University of California Museum of Paleontology
383:. While the family was a common component of the
3062:
2015:
2478:
2428:
1655:, approximately 64.67–63.49 million years ago.
2024:
1961:. Wayne's Word, Paloma College. Archived from
1956:
1587:are widespread across both hemispheres by the
1454:Today, 41 species are known, in three genera:
496:) or they can have only male or female cones (
2644:
2390:
2273:
1985:"Araucaria biwillii (Bunya pine) description"
1873:Conifers of the world: the complete reference
1692:
532:
1449:
2651:
2637:
2138:
1910:. Cambridge University Press. p. 72.
112:
2537:
2519:
2348:
2338:
2195:
2162:
2050:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1823:Fu Liguo; Li Nan; Robert R. Mill (1999).
1777:"Araucariaceae: life history and ecology"
2520:Setoguchi, Hiroaki; et al. (1998).
2449:
2443:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.32.081501.114059
2431:Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics
600:
560:
548:
536:
414:
2591:
2562:
2407:
2280:International Journal of Plant Sciences
2031:International Journal of Plant Sciences
1930:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1859:
14:
3063:
2658:
2391:Cookson, I. C.; Duigan, S. L. (1951).
2144:
1890:
1519:", the name deriving from the town of
1081:W.G. Jones, K.D. Hill & J.M. Allen
573:Araucariaceae is classified under the
519:contrast to two in true pines (family
464:(both from the Cupressaceae subfamily
2714:
2713:
2632:
2565:Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology
2452:Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology
1959:"The Araucaria Family: Araucariaceae"
1749:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1737:
2983:925f7e2c-c5b6-4ca8-b86f-be26302ad204
2830:8734d3c2-9585-419a-989b-9e31a73ed07c
1952:
1950:
1856:
1818:
1816:
1791:
3081:Extant Hettangian first appearances
1977:
1924:
1769:
1054:, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea,
994:—bull kauri (Queensland, Australia)
24:
3022:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126765-1
2422:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a083211
2384:
1734:
422:("Lord of the Forest"), a massive
25:
3097:
1947:
1813:
1651:of Patagonia, which dates to the
511:of leaves. They contain numerous
1526:
1070:
838:
809:(where 13 species are endemic),
628:
138:
106:(possible Late Triassic records)
43:
2485:Plant Systematics and Evolution
2314:
2267:
2212:
2171:
2075:
2002:
410:
13:
1:
1870:James E. Eckenwalder (2009).
1686:
704:- Moreton Bay pine, hoop pine
2585:10.1016/0034-6667(82)90041-0
2472:10.1016/0034-6667(78)90008-8
2245:10.1080/03115518.2012.622155
2145:Kutluk; et al. (2012).
1876:. Timber Press. p. 70.
1102:
1010:—white kauri (New Caledonia)
7:
1904:Stuart Max Walters (1986).
1666:
918:)—Bindang (eastern Malesia)
878:—kauri, New Zealand kauri (
805:19 living species found in
10:
3102:
2526:American Journal of Botany
2327:American Journal of Botany
2184:American Journal of Botany
2108:10.1038/s41477-021-00964-4
1480:
1111:of the Pinophyta based on
862:—black kauri, blue kauri (
2722:
2669:
2594:Journal of Plant Research
2505:10.1007/s00606-008-0120-1
2164:10.1163/22941932-90000097
1801:. The Gymnosperm Database
1757:. The Gymnosperm Database
1708:The Canadian Entomologist
1399:
1384:
1377:
1362:
1355:
1347:
1269:
1262:
1247:
1240:
1225:
1218:
1203:
1196:
1172:
1159:
1152:
1145:
1130:
1123:
533:Classification and genera
450:diameter at breast height
257:
252:
237:
230:
135:Scientific classification
133:
120:
111:
34:
1632:Wairarapaia mildenhallii
1450:Distribution and habitat
974:)—Pacific kauri, dakua (
1989:The Gymnosperm Database
1476:
724:Araucaria humboldtensis
2481:Araucaria cunninghamii
1935:. University of Hawaii
1838:: 9–10. Archived from
1600:Araucaria sphaerocarpa
742:Araucaria laubenfelsii
716:Araucaria heterophylla
701:Araucaria cunninghamii
649:Araucaria angustifolia
605:
570:
558:
546:
543:Araucaria heterophylla
429:
296:(leaves, ovulate cone)
123:Araucaria angustifolia
41:Early Jurassic–Present
3004:Paleobiology Database
1487:Araucaria § Uses
1481:Further information:
939:Agathis labillardieri
931:Agathis kinabaluensis
926:(Peninsular Malaysia)
719:– Norfolk Island pine
604:
564:
552:
540:
428:tree from New Zealand
418:
2827:Euro+Med PlantBase:
1957:Wayne P. Armstrong.
1506:Araucaria hunsteinii
1491:Wollemia § Uses
991:Agathis microstachya
859:Agathis atropurpurea
791:Araucaria scopulorum
731:Araucaria hunsteinii
693:Araucaria columnaris
686:Araucaria biramulata
387:globally during the
225:& W. Hochstetter
2606:1994JPlR..107..493S
2577:1982RPaPa..37..133S
2497:2009PSyEv.277..173P
2464:1978RPaPa..26..113K
2237:2012Alch...36..217D
2100:2021NatPl...7.1015S
1965:on December 3, 2011
1799:"Agathis australis"
1720:10.4039/ent131171-2
1649:Salamanca Formation
1594:Araucaria mirabilis
1483:Agathis § Uses
967:Agathis macrophylla
749:Araucaria luxurians
709:Araucaria goroensis
675:Araucaria bidwillii
660:– monkey-puzzle or
526:Araucaria bidwillii
2614:10.1007/BF02344070
2010:Acta Horticulturae
1645:Agathis immortalis
1618:Emwadea microcarpa
1113:cladistic analysis
951:Agathis lanceolata
923:Agathis flavescens
887:Agathis borneensis
798:Araucaria subulata
784:Araucaria schmidii
770:Araucaria nemorosa
763:Araucaria muelleri
668:Araucaria bernieri
657:Araucaria araucana
606:
571:
559:
547:
430:
332:(foliage, in part)
314:(foliage, in part)
3058:
3057:
2991:Open Tree of Life
2716:Taxon identifiers
2707:
2706:
2532:(11): 1507–1516.
2340:10.1002/ajb2.1127
2197:10.1002/ajb2.1143
1917:978-0-521-24859-4
1883:978-0-88192-974-4
1661:Lefipán Formation
1629:of Australia and
1611:lineage from the
1439:
1438:
1430:
1429:
1421:
1420:
1412:
1411:
1336:
1335:
1327:
1326:
1318:
1317:
1309:
1308:
1300:
1299:
1291:
1290:
1282:
1281:
1185:
1184:
1100:
1099:
1082:
959:Agathis lenticula
875:Agathis australis
852:
756:Araucaria montana
642:
487:parallel venation
439:Agathis australis
425:Agathis australis
356:
355:
226:
16:(Redirected from
3093:
3076:Pinales families
3051:
3050:
3038:
3037:
3025:
3024:
3012:
3011:
2999:
2998:
2986:
2985:
2976:
2975:
2963:
2962:
2960:NBNSYS0000159416
2950:
2949:
2937:
2936:
2924:
2923:
2911:
2910:
2898:
2897:
2885:
2884:
2872:
2871:
2859:
2858:
2846:
2845:
2833:
2832:
2823:
2822:
2810:
2809:
2797:
2796:
2784:
2783:
2771:
2770:
2758:
2757:
2756:
2743:
2742:
2741:
2711:
2710:
2653:
2646:
2639:
2630:
2629:
2625:
2588:
2571:(1–2): 133–154.
2559:
2541:
2516:
2491:(3/4): 173–185.
2475:
2458:(1–4): 113–124.
2446:
2425:
2410:Annals of Botany
2404:
2379:
2378:
2352:
2342:
2333:(8): 1345–1368.
2318:
2312:
2311:
2286:(6): 1259–1269.
2271:
2265:
2264:
2216:
2210:
2209:
2199:
2190:(9): 1531–1544.
2175:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2142:
2136:
2135:
2094:(8): 1015–1025.
2079:
2073:
2072:
2054:
2037:(8): 1153–1170.
2022:
2013:
2006:
2000:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1981:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1954:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1928:
1922:
1921:
1901:
1888:
1887:
1867:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1850:
1844:
1829:
1820:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1806:
1795:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1773:
1767:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1751:
1732:
1731:
1705:
1696:
1678:Te Matua Ngahere
1635:from the Albian-
1627:Winton Formation
1380:
1379:
1358:
1357:
1350:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1265:
1264:
1243:
1242:
1221:
1220:
1199:
1198:
1155:
1154:
1148:
1147:
1126:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1089:Wollemia nobilis
1080:
1074:
1015:Agathis orbicula
916:A. loranthifolia
848:
842:
638:
632:
611:
610:
567:Wollemia nobilis
361:– also known as
221:
143:
142:
116:
105:
42:
38:Temporal range:
32:
31:
27:Family of plants
21:
3101:
3100:
3096:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3091:
3090:
3061:
3060:
3059:
3054:
3046:
3041:
3033:
3028:
3020:
3015:
3007:
3002:
2994:
2989:
2981:
2979:
2971:
2966:
2958:
2953:
2945:
2940:
2932:
2927:
2919:
2914:
2906:
2901:
2893:
2888:
2880:
2875:
2867:
2862:
2854:
2849:
2841:
2836:
2828:
2826:
2818:
2813:
2805:
2800:
2792:
2787:
2779:
2774:
2766:
2761:
2752:
2751:
2746:
2737:
2736:
2731:
2718:
2708:
2703:
2689:Sciadopityaceae
2665:
2657:
2539:10.2307/2446478
2416:(50): 151–161.
2387:
2385:Further reading
2382:
2319:
2315:
2272:
2268:
2217:
2213:
2176:
2172:
2143:
2139:
2080:
2076:
2023:
2016:
2007:
2003:
1993:
1991:
1983:
1982:
1978:
1968:
1966:
1955:
1948:
1938:
1936:
1933:"Araucariaceae"
1929:
1925:
1918:
1902:
1891:
1884:
1868:
1857:
1848:
1846:
1845:on May 24, 2011
1842:
1827:
1825:"Araucariaceae"
1821:
1814:
1804:
1802:
1797:
1796:
1792:
1782:
1780:
1775:
1774:
1770:
1760:
1758:
1755:"Araucariaceae"
1753:
1752:
1735:
1703:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1683:
1669:
1589:Middle Jurassic
1529:
1510:A. heterophylla
1493:
1479:
1452:
1440:
1431:
1422:
1413:
1337:
1328:
1319:
1310:
1301:
1292:
1283:
1250:Cephalotaxaceae
1206:Sciadopityaceae
1186:
1105:
1031:Agathis robusta
1026:(New Caledonia)
1002:(New Caledonia)
999:Agathis montana
984:Solomon Islands
954:(New Caledonia)
903:Agathis dammara
777:Araucaria rulei
555:Agathis robusta
535:
413:
287:(wood, in part)
248:
243:
220:
137:
107:
104:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
40:
39:
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3099:
3089:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3052:
3048:wfo-7000000044
3039:
3026:
3013:
3000:
2987:
2977:
2964:
2951:
2938:
2925:
2912:
2899:
2886:
2873:
2860:
2847:
2834:
2824:
2811:
2798:
2785:
2772:
2759:
2744:
2728:
2726:
2720:
2719:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2656:
2655:
2648:
2641:
2633:
2627:
2626:
2600:(4): 493–502.
2589:
2560:
2517:
2476:
2447:
2426:
2412:. New Series.
2405:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2313:
2292:10.1086/507608
2266:
2231:(2): 217–237.
2211:
2170:
2157:(3): 319–326.
2137:
2074:
2043:10.1086/672369
2014:
2001:
1976:
1946:
1923:
1916:
1889:
1882:
1855:
1832:Flora of China
1812:
1790:
1768:
1733:
1714:(2): 171–177.
1690:
1688:
1685:
1681:
1680:
1675:
1668:
1665:
1581:Early Jurassic
1570:(pollen), and
1561:Araucariacites
1549:Araucarioxylon
1528:
1525:
1478:
1475:
1451:
1448:
1437:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1428:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1419:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1410:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1398:
1395:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1383:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1361:
1356:
1354:
1353:Araucariaceae
1348:
1346:
1341:
1334:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1325:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1298:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1268:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1246:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1224:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1202:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1161:Araucariaceae
1158:
1153:
1151:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1129:
1124:
1122:
1117:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1092:
1083:
1075:
1067:
1066:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1039:Agathis silbae
1035:
1027:
1019:
1011:
1007:Agathis moorei
1003:
995:
987:
963:
955:
947:
935:
927:
919:
899:
883:
882:, New Zealand)
871:
853:
843:
835:
834:
811:Norfolk Island
803:
802:
801:
794:
787:
780:
773:
766:
759:
752:
745:
738:
727:
720:
712:
705:
697:
689:
682:
671:
664:
653:
643:
633:
625:
624:
621:
620:Living Species
618:
615:
534:
531:
461:Sequoiadendron
412:
409:
354:
353:
352:
351:
342:
341:(ovulate cone)
333:
324:
323:(ovulate cone)
315:
306:
305:(ovulate cone)
297:
288:
279:
272:
265:
255:
254:
250:
249:
244:
235:
234:
228:
227:
215:
211:
210:
205:
201:
200:
195:
191:
190:
185:
181:
180:
175:
168:
167:
162:
155:
154:
149:
145:
144:
131:
130:
118:
117:
109:
108:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
37:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3098:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3071:Araucariaceae
3069:
3068:
3066:
3049:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2978:
2974:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2917:
2913:
2909:
2904:
2900:
2896:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2856:Araucariaceae
2852:
2848:
2844:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2825:
2821:
2816:
2812:
2808:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2781:Araucariaceae
2777:
2773:
2769:
2764:
2760:
2755:
2754:Araucariaceae
2749:
2745:
2740:
2734:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2725:
2724:Araucariaceae
2721:
2717:
2712:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2684:Podocarpaceae
2682:
2680:
2679:Araucariaceae
2677:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2668:
2664:
2661:
2654:
2649:
2647:
2642:
2640:
2635:
2634:
2631:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2482:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2389:
2388:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2317:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2270:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2215:
2207:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2174:
2165:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2141:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2088:Nature Plants
2085:
2078:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2021:
2019:
2011:
2005:
1990:
1986:
1980:
1964:
1960:
1953:
1951:
1934:
1931:Gerald Carr.
1927:
1919:
1913:
1909:
1908:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1885:
1879:
1875:
1874:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1826:
1819:
1817:
1800:
1794:
1778:
1772:
1756:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1702:
1695:
1691:
1684:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1670:
1664:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1643:are those of
1642:
1638:
1634:
1633:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1619:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1601:
1596:
1595:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1569:
1568:
1563:
1562:
1557:
1556:
1555:Brachyphyllum
1551:
1550:
1545:
1544:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1527:Fossil record
1524:
1522:
1518:
1513:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1474:
1472:
1467:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1447:
1445:
1435:
1434:
1426:
1425:
1417:
1416:
1408:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1397:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1382:
1381:
1375:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1352:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1332:
1331:
1323:
1322:
1314:
1313:
1305:
1304:
1296:
1295:
1287:
1286:
1278:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1267:
1266:
1260:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1245:
1244:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1223:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1181:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1175:Podocarpaceae
1170:
1169:
1166:
1165:
1162:
1157:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1114:
1110:
1107:Below is the
1095:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1050:, Australia,
1049:
1046:
1041:
1040:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1023:Agathis ovata
1020:
1017:
1016:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1004:
1001:
1000:
996:
993:
992:
988:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
968:
964:
961:
960:
956:
953:
952:
948:
945:
941:
940:
936:
933:
932:
928:
925:
924:
920:
917:
913:
909:
905:
904:
900:
897:
893:
889:
888:
884:
881:
877:
876:
872:
869:
865:
861:
860:
856:
855:
854:
851:
847:
844:
841:
837:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
807:New Caledonia
804:
800:
799:
795:
793:
792:
788:
786:
785:
781:
779:
778:
774:
772:
771:
767:
765:
764:
760:
758:
757:
753:
751:
750:
746:
744:
743:
739:
737:
733:
732:
728:
726:
725:
721:
718:
717:
713:
711:
710:
706:
703:
702:
698:
695:
694:
690:
688:
687:
683:
681:
677:
676:
672:
670:
669:
665:
663:
659:
658:
654:
652:– Paraná pine
651:
650:
646:
645:
644:
641:
637:
634:
631:
627:
626:
623:Distribution
622:
619:
616:
613:
612:
609:
603:
599:
597:
593:
590:
586:
583:
579:
576:
569:
568:
563:
557:
556:
551:
545:
544:
539:
530:
528:
527:
522:
516:
514:
510:
506:
501:
499:
495:
490:
488:
483:
481:
478:
474:
469:
467:
463:
462:
457:
456:
451:
447:
446:
441:
440:
435:
427:
426:
421:
417:
408:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
381:
376:
375:
370:
369:
364:
360:
359:Araucariaceae
349:
348:
343:
340:
339:
334:
331:
330:
325:
322:
321:
316:
313:
312:
311:Brachyphyllum
307:
304:
303:
298:
295:
294:
293:Araucarioides
289:
286:
285:
280:
278:
277:
273:
271:
270:
266:
264:
263:
259:
258:
256:
251:
247:
242:
241:
236:
233:
229:
224:
219:
218:Araucariaceae
216:
213:
212:
209:
206:
203:
202:
199:
196:
193:
192:
189:
186:
183:
182:
179:
176:
173:
170:
169:
166:
165:Tracheophytes
163:
160:
157:
156:
153:
150:
147:
146:
141:
136:
132:
129:
125:
124:
119:
115:
110:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
35:Araucariaceae
33:
30:
19:
3086:Araucariales
2723:
2694:Cupressaceae
2678:
2597:
2593:
2568:
2564:
2529:
2525:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2455:
2451:
2434:
2430:
2413:
2409:
2400:
2396:
2330:
2326:
2316:
2283:
2279:
2269:
2228:
2224:
2214:
2187:
2183:
2173:
2154:
2151:IAWA Journal
2150:
2140:
2091:
2087:
2077:
2034:
2030:
2009:
2004:
1992:. Retrieved
1988:
1979:
1969:November 19,
1967:. Retrieved
1963:the original
1939:November 19,
1937:. Retrieved
1926:
1906:
1872:
1847:. Retrieved
1840:the original
1835:
1831:
1805:November 19,
1803:. Retrieved
1793:
1783:November 19,
1781:. Retrieved
1771:
1761:November 19,
1759:. Retrieved
1711:
1707:
1694:
1682:
1656:
1644:
1640:
1630:
1616:
1615:, including
1608:
1604:
1598:
1592:
1584:
1578:
1573:Protodammara
1571:
1565:
1559:
1553:
1547:
1541:
1535:
1530:
1514:
1509:
1505:
1494:
1470:
1468:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1453:
1441:
1401:
1400:
1386:
1385:
1364:
1363:
1338:
1270:
1248:
1228:Cupressaceae
1226:
1204:
1173:
1160:
1131:
1106:
1087:
1077:
1037:
1029:
1021:
1013:
1005:
997:
989:
972:A. vitiensis
971:
965:
957:
949:
937:
929:
921:
915:
911:
907:
901:
885:
880:North Island
873:
857:
845:
796:
789:
782:
775:
768:
761:
754:
747:
740:
735:
729:
722:
714:
707:
699:
691:
684:
679:
673:
666:
661:
655:
647:
635:
607:
596:Araucariales
595:
572:
565:
553:
541:
524:
517:
502:
491:
484:
470:
466:Sequoioideae
459:
453:
443:
437:
431:
423:
400:
378:
372:
366:
362:
358:
357:
345:
336:
329:Pagiophyllum
327:
318:
309:
300:
291:
282:
274:
267:
260:
238:
217:
208:Araucariales
178:Gymnospermae
171:
158:
128:Minas Gerais
121:
29:
18:Araucariales
2903:iNaturalist
2748:Wikispecies
2437:: 397–414.
2350:11336/87592
1673:Paleobotany
1543:Agathoxylon
1540:(various),
1537:Araucarites
1533:form genera
1064:Philippines
1048:New Zealand
912:A. celebica
696:- Cook pine
680:bunya-bunya
513:sporophylls
445:Tāne Mahuta
420:Tāne Mahuta
411:Description
363:Araucarians
338:Wairarapaia
302:Araucarites
284:Agathoxylon
3065:Categories
2921:77126765-1
2403:: 415–449.
2052:11336/3583
1994:20 January
1849:2011-11-19
1687:References
1637:Cenomanian
1613:Cretaceous
1591:, such as
1567:Dilwynites
1558:(leaves),
1062:, and the
944:New Guinea
864:Queensland
819:New Guinea
494:monoecious
393:Cretaceous
347:Dilwynites
232:Type genus
184:Division:
2660:Pinophyta
2359:0002-9122
2300:1058-5893
2261:129171237
2253:0311-5518
2132:236141481
2116:2055-0278
2061:1058-5893
2012:2003; 615
1653:Paleocene
1647:from the
1621:from the
1585:Araucaria
1576:(cones).
1517:Oltustone
1460:Araucaria
1365:Araucaria
1109:phylogeny
1103:Phylogeny
1056:Indonesia
1042:(Vanuatu)
890:(western
868:Australia
850:Salisbury
823:Argentina
815:Australia
636:Araucaria
592:Pinophyta
585:Pinopsida
498:dioecious
397:Paleogene
368:Araucaria
269:Araucaria
240:Araucaria
198:Pinopsida
188:Pinophyta
148:Kingdom:
3035:42000458
3030:Tropicos
2733:Wikidata
2699:Taxaceae
2674:Pinaceae
2663:families
2622:20148157
2556:21680310
2513:21846658
2375:51908977
2367:30074620
2308:85365035
2206:30157290
2124:34282286
2069:56238574
1728:85718312
1667:See also
1605:Wollemia
1552:(wood),
1464:Wollemia
1387:Wollemia
1272:Taxaceae
1133:Pinaceae
1078:Wollemia
1060:Malaysia
1018:(Borneo)
962:(Borneo)
934:(Borneo)
589:division
521:Pinaceae
480:cortices
477:resinous
442:) named
389:Jurassic
380:Wollemia
350:(pollen)
276:Wollemia
214:Family:
2739:Q217697
2602:Bibcode
2573:Bibcode
2548:2446478
2493:Bibcode
2460:Bibcode
2233:Bibcode
2096:Bibcode
1657:Agathis
1641:Agathis
1609:Agathis
1471:Agathis
1456:Agathis
1444:Permian
1402:Agathis
1052:Vanuatu
980:Vanuatu
908:A. alba
892:Malesia
846:Agathis
640:Jussieu
587:of the
578:Pinales
505:catkins
455:Sequoia
405:Malesia
401:Agathis
374:Agathis
320:Emwadea
262:Agathis
253:Genera
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194:Class:
152:Plantae
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831:Brazil
829:, and
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662:pehuén
475:with
436:tree (
377:, and
223:Henkel
3009:54789
2973:25664
2947:18049
2929:IRMNG
2908:49382
2869:10059
2851:FoAO2
2843:10059
2820:1ARUF
2768:54676
2618:S2CID
2544:JSTOR
2509:S2CID
2371:S2CID
2304:S2CID
2257:S2CID
2128:S2CID
2065:S2CID
1843:(PDF)
1828:(PDF)
1724:S2CID
1704:(PDF)
1625:aged
1502:amber
1498:resin
827:Chile
617:Genus
614:Image
582:class
575:order
509:axils
473:piths
434:kauri
385:flora
246:Juss.
172:Clade
159:Clade
3017:POWO
2968:NCBI
2942:ITIS
2916:IPNI
2890:GRIN
2882:3924
2877:GBIF
2815:EPPO
2807:4067
2776:ATRF
2763:APNI
2552:PMID
2363:PMID
2355:ISSN
2296:ISSN
2249:ISSN
2202:PMID
2120:PMID
2112:ISSN
2057:ISSN
1996:2023
1971:2011
1941:2011
1912:ISBN
1878:ISBN
1807:2011
1785:2011
1763:2011
1597:and
1564:and
1546:and
1521:Oltu
1500:and
1477:Uses
1462:and
976:Fiji
458:and
395:and
46:PreꞒ
3043:WFO
2955:NBN
2864:FoC
2838:FNA
2802:EoL
2794:6MH
2789:CoL
2610:doi
2598:107
2581:doi
2534:doi
2501:doi
2489:277
2483:".
2468:doi
2439:doi
2418:doi
2345:hdl
2335:doi
2331:105
2288:doi
2284:167
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2192:doi
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