823:
707:
651:
32:
131:
892:
232:
The conservatives, who generally stood in opposition to the majority of reforms, managed to retain a narrow advantage in the traditional feudal parliament. On the other hand, the reform-minded liberals found themselves divided in their support for either Széchenyi's or
Kossuth's ideas. Immediately
188:
The April laws utterly erased all privileges of the
Hungarian nobility. In April 1848, Hungary became the third country of Continental Europe to enact law about democratic parliamentary elections. The new suffrage law (Act V of 1848) transformed the old feudal estates based parliament
248:
Civil and religious equality before the law. (The abolition of separate laws for the common people and nobility, the abolition of the legal privileges of nobility. Full religious liberty instead of moderated tolerance: the abolition of (Catholic)
265:
Juries and representation on an equal basis. (The common people can be elected as juries at the legal courts, all people can be officials even on the highest levels of the public administration and judicature, if they have the prescribed
76:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
233:
before the elections, however, Deák succeeded in reuniting all the
Liberals on the common platform of "The Twelve Points". The so-called "Twelve Points" of reformers became the ruling principles of the April laws.
256:
National Guard. (The forming of their own
Hungarian national guard, it worked like a police force to keep the law and order during the transition of the system, thus preserving the morality of the revolution)
244:
An annual parliamentary session in Pest. (instead of the rare ad hoc sessions which was convoked by the king, representative parliament by democratic elections, the abolition of the old estate based feudal
216:, the April Laws of the revolutionary parliament (with the exception of the laws based on the 9th and 10th points) were accepted by Francis Joseph. Hungary did not regain full external autonomy until the
62:
241:
Accountable ministries in Buda and Pest (Instead of the simple arbitrary royal appointment of ministers, all ministers and the government must be elected and dismissed by the parliament)
193:) into a democratic representative parliament. This law offered the widest suffrage right in Europe at the time. The imperative program included Hungarian control of its popular
330:
212:
In 1848, the new young
Austrian monarch Francis Joseph arbitrarily "revoked" the laws without any legal competence. 18 years later, during the negotiations of the
452:
389:
862:
791:
786:
79:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
357:
278:
Union. (with
Transylvania, including the re-union of the Hungarian and Transylvanian parliaments, which became separate during the Ottoman wars)
873:
259:
Joint share of tax burdens. (abolition of the tax exemption of the nobility, the abolition of customs and tariff exemption of the nobility)
272:
The army to swear to support the constitution, our soldiers should not be sent to abroad, and foreign soldiers should leave our country.
445:
413:
608:
933:
685:
334:
629:
480:
438:
695:
952:
639:
213:
154:
100:
Content in this edit is translated from the existing
Hungarian Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
87:
550:
957:
371:
555:
545:
262:
The abolition of socage. (abolition of
Feudalism and abolition of the serfdom of peasantry and their bondservices)
182:
746:
387:
44:
461:
926:
363:
20:
359:
A Sociology of
Constitutions.Constitutions and State Legitimacy in Historical-Sociological Perspective
665:
962:
781:
562:
95:
675:
832:
634:
977:
972:
660:
178:
318:
919:
806:
116:
587:
577:
967:
822:
567:
158:
537:
296:
8:
592:
527:
731:
582:
522:
857:
741:
706:
680:
670:
485:
405:
217:
726:
716:
386:
prof. András Gerő (2014): Nationalities and the
Hungarian Parliament (1867-1918) LINK:
135:
842:
776:
751:
367:
307:
198:
91:
907:
811:
761:
532:
796:
613:
572:
475:
393:
109:
766:
650:
903:
847:
837:
490:
430:
250:
202:
166:
801:
19:"March laws" redirects here. For the old laws of the English borderlands, see
946:
771:
756:
150:
130:
852:
736:
690:
162:
721:
331:"Between the campaigns of Napoleonic troops and the abolition of bondage"
221:
190:
238:
Freedom of the Press (The abolition of censure and the censor's offices)
170:
98:
to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
174:
891:
899:
206:
194:
319:
March Laws (Hungary [1848]) - Britannica Online Encyclopedia
73:
65:
a machine-translated version of the Hungarian article.
16:
Collection of laws modernizing the Kingdom of Hungary
69:
134:The April Laws with the portrait of prime minister
220:which would later influence Hungary's position in
944:
460:
355:
94:accompanying your translation by providing an
56:Click for important translation instructions.
43:expand this article with text translated from
927:
446:
308:The April Laws on net.jogtar.hu (hungarian)
934:
920:
453:
439:
149:, were a collection of laws legislated by
169:in March 1848 in Pozsony (Pressburg, now
129:
945:
686:Prince Franz de Paula of Liechtenstein
630:Hungarian Declaration of Independence
434:
886:
333:. City of Bratislava. Archived from
106:{{Translated|hu|Áprilisi törvények}}
25:
640:Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867
609:1848–1849 massacres in Transylvania
275:The freeing of political prisoners.
214:Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867
185:in the same city on 11 April 1848.
13:
696:Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz
14:
989:
890:
821:
705:
649:
297:Britannica article on March laws
227:
153:with the aim of modernizing the
30:
416:from the original on 2017-09-17
858:Nikolai Fyodorovich Engelhardt
398:
380:
349:
323:
312:
301:
290:
165:. The laws were passed by the
104:You may also add the template
1:
863:Maksim Maksimovich Grotenhelm
843:Grigory Yakovlevich Skariatin
283:
906:. You can help Knowledge by
853:Grigory Khristoforovich Zass
481:Hungarian Revolutionary Army
462:Hungarian Revolution of 1848
205:, as well as the removal of
7:
953:Hungary under Habsburg rule
10:
994:
885:
848:Ivan Fyodorovich Paskevich
838:Fyodor Sergeevich Panyutin
364:Cambridge University Press
68:Machine translation, like
18:
871:
820:
704:
666:Franz Joseph I of Austria
648:
622:
601:
515:
499:
468:
45:the corresponding article
958:Legal history of Hungary
356:Chris Thornhill (2011).
676:Julius Jacob von Haynau
159:parliamentary democracy
115:For more guidance, see
902:-related article is a
661:Ferdinand I of Austria
138:
177:) and signed by king
133:
117:Knowledge:Translation
88:copyright attribution
833:Alexander von Lüders
635:Surrender at Világos
410:marcius15.kormany.hu
710:Leaders for Hungary
654:Leaders for Austria
542:Battles of Komárom
337:on 24 February 2007
826:Leaders for Russia
742:Arisztid Dessewffy
671:Eduard Clam-Gallas
486:Kingdom of Hungary
392:2019-04-25 at the
218:Compromise of 1867
155:Kingdom of Hungary
139:
96:interlanguage link
915:
914:
880:
879:
128:
127:
57:
53:
985:
936:
929:
922:
894:
887:
825:
812:Bertalan Szemere
807:István Széchenyi
792:Alessandro Monti
732:Henryk Dembiński
709:
653:
455:
448:
441:
432:
431:
425:
424:
422:
421:
402:
396:
384:
378:
377:
353:
347:
346:
344:
342:
327:
321:
316:
310:
305:
299:
294:
183:Primate's Palace
107:
101:
74:Google Translate
55:
51:
34:
33:
26:
993:
992:
988:
987:
986:
984:
983:
982:
963:1848 in Hungary
943:
942:
941:
940:
883:
881:
876:
867:
816:
797:Ferenc Ottinger
727:János Damjanich
717:Lajos Batthyány
700:
644:
618:
614:Vienna Uprising
597:
511:
495:
476:Austrian Empire
464:
459:
429:
428:
419:
417:
404:
403:
399:
394:Wayback Machine
385:
381:
374:
366:. p. 245.
354:
350:
340:
338:
329:
328:
324:
317:
313:
306:
302:
295:
291:
286:
281:
230:
199:national budget
191:Estates General
136:Lajos Batthyány
124:
123:
122:
105:
99:
58:
35:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
991:
981:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
939:
938:
931:
924:
916:
913:
912:
895:
878:
877:
872:
869:
868:
866:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
829:
827:
818:
817:
815:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
782:Lázár Mészáros
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
713:
711:
702:
701:
699:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
657:
655:
646:
645:
643:
642:
637:
632:
626:
624:
620:
619:
617:
616:
611:
605:
603:
599:
598:
596:
595:
590:
585:
580:
575:
570:
565:
560:
559:
558:
553:
548:
540:
535:
530:
525:
519:
517:
513:
512:
510:
509:
503:
501:
497:
496:
494:
493:
491:Russian Empire
488:
483:
478:
472:
470:
466:
465:
458:
457:
450:
443:
435:
427:
426:
397:
379:
372:
348:
322:
311:
300:
288:
287:
285:
282:
280:
279:
276:
273:
270:
269:National Bank.
267:
263:
260:
257:
254:
251:state religion
246:
242:
239:
235:
229:
226:
203:foreign policy
201:and Hungarian
195:national guard
167:Hungarian Diet
145:, also called
126:
125:
121:
120:
113:
102:
80:
77:
66:
59:
52:(October 2019)
40:
39:
38:
36:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
990:
979:
978:Hungary stubs
976:
974:
973:Rusyn history
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
950:
948:
937:
932:
930:
925:
923:
918:
917:
911:
909:
905:
901:
896:
893:
889:
888:
884:
875:
870:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
830:
828:
824:
819:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
772:Lajos Kossuth
770:
768:
765:
763:
762:György Klapka
760:
758:
757:Richard Guyon
755:
753:
750:
748:
747:András Gáspár
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
714:
712:
708:
703:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
681:Josip Jelačić
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
658:
656:
652:
647:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
627:
625:
621:
615:
612:
610:
607:
606:
604:
600:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
579:
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
557:
554:
552:
551:Second battle
549:
547:
544:
543:
541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
520:
518:
516:Major battles
514:
508:
505:
504:
502:
498:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
473:
471:
467:
463:
456:
451:
449:
444:
442:
437:
436:
433:
415:
411:
407:
401:
395:
391:
388:
383:
375:
373:9781139495806
369:
365:
361:
360:
352:
336:
332:
326:
320:
315:
309:
304:
298:
293:
289:
277:
274:
271:
268:
264:
261:
258:
255:
252:
247:
243:
240:
237:
236:
234:
228:Twelve Points
225:
223:
219:
215:
210:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
186:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
151:Lajos Kossuth
148:
144:
137:
132:
118:
114:
111:
103:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
78:
75:
71:
67:
64:
61:
60:
54:
48:
46:
41:You can help
37:
28:
27:
22:
908:expanding it
897:
882:
777:Vilmos Lázár
767:György Kmety
752:Artúr Görgey
737:Antal Vetter
691:Franz Schlik
602:Other events
556:Third battle
546:First battle
506:
469:Belligerents
418:. Retrieved
409:
400:
382:
358:
351:
339:. Retrieved
335:the original
325:
314:
303:
292:
231:
211:
187:
163:nation state
146:
142:
140:
92:edit summary
83:
50:
47:in Hungarian
42:
968:1848 in law
802:Mór Perczel
406:"március15"
245:parliament)
222:World War I
179:Ferdinand V
947:Categories
787:János Móga
507:April Laws
420:2018-03-16
284:References
266:education)
171:Bratislava
147:March Laws
143:April Laws
722:Józef Bem
623:Influence
593:Kishegyes
528:Schwechat
110:talk page
21:March law
588:Temesvár
578:Segesvár
414:Archived
390:Archived
175:Slovakia
86:provide
900:Hungary
874:Commons
563:Isaszeg
538:Kápolna
500:Pretext
207:serfdom
181:at the
157:into a
108:to the
90:in the
49:.
583:Szőreg
523:Pákozd
370:
341:8 June
898:This
573:Pered
70:DeepL
904:stub
568:Buda
368:ISBN
343:2007
141:The
84:must
82:You
63:View
533:Mór
161:,
72:or
949::
412:.
408:.
362:.
224:.
209:.
197:,
173:,
935:e
928:t
921:v
910:.
454:e
447:t
440:v
423:.
376:.
345:.
253:)
189:(
119:.
112:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
