555:
536:
517:
359:
341:
205:
308:
182:
235:
46:
574:
400:
490:
471:
452:
433:
421:
296:
284:
272:
260:
170:
351:
390:
378:
218:
499:
480:
863:, a body consisting of members appointed by the Ukrainian government from various occupations. Shortly after the Anti-Hetman Uprising, a preliminary peace agreement between the Soviet and Ukrainian governments was signed, but it failed to stop conflicts between the two sides. Eventually, the remaining tensions culminated in the resumption of the
835:
705:
Skoropadskyi's government, while initially popular, found itself unable to resolve matters of land reform. Skoropadskyi's conservative efforts also proved unpopular with the
Ukrainian peasantry, who were largely landless. By the spring of 1918, an insurgency had begun, led by former members of the
689:
that preceded
Skoropadskyi's government was regarded in German and conservative circles as ineffective and dysfunctional, owing to its small security forces, insistence on radical land reforms, and poor economic conditions. In the days prior to the coup d'Γ©tat, GermanyβUkraine relations had been
786:
In response to the uprising, Skoropadskyi declared martial law, and mobilised all troops to quell the rebellion. However, Hetmanate forces were troubled by mass defections to the
Directorate, particularly within the Podolia Governorate. The Podolia Corps' arsenal was used to arm pro-Directorate
906:
also condemned the uprising as "counter-revolutionary." The
Ukrainian populace reacted with ambivalence, by this point exhausted after a year of political turmoil, though Petliura faced criticism in non-partisan press organs. The remaining German soldiers in Kyiv, seeking to evacuate after the
1157:
1243:
813:
Throughout
November, the Directorate took control of most of Ukraine, leading to an attempt to capture Kyiv in December. After Directorate forces were decisively defeated by remaining German forces, it was instead determined to lay siege to Kyiv until the city fell. The
787:
insurgents, as well as providing air support to the
Directorate's soldiers. The Directorate also suffered from problems of its own in terms of reigning in insurgent commanders, many of whom were effectively independent from the Directorate. These commanders (namely
368:
930:. These agreements were a tactical move by the Bolsheviks, as part of a broader campaign to weaken Ukrainian nationalists and strengthen the position of communist insurgent groups. Other left-wing groups from throughout the Russian Empire, including the
774:
564:
820:
442:
858:
926:
met with the
Directorate's leaders, where they agreed to support the Directorate through ceasefire violations and recognition of the Ukrainian People's Republic in return for the legalisation of the
706:
Central Rada. Additionally, German and Austro-Hungarian forces occupying
Ukraine had lost much of the popularity they had in 1918, a result of frequent violent acts committed by occupational troops.
725:. In an effort to appease the Allies and open the door for further support, Skoropadskyi signed the Federal Charter, which stipulated that Ukraine would be part of Russia as an autonomous unit.
545:
526:
830:
815:
437:
736:, launched an uprising with the intent of restoring the Ukrainian People's Republic. This was followed on 15 November 1918 by the distribution of anti-Hetmanate leaflets throughout
475:
652:, the uprising brought together groups from throughout Ukraine in opposition to Skoropadskyi's proposed unification of Ukraine and Russia in an effort to garner support from the
1418:
1453:
853:
494:
559:
363:
902:, Ukrainian head of state prior to Skoropadskyi's coup d'Γ©tat, allegedly described it as the "darkest moment of the Ukrainian revolution." The left wing of the
456:
1361:
769:
540:
890:
was also a member of the Sich
Riflemen during the uprising, and among those who determined to launch the uprising in Bila Tserkva rather than in Kyiv.
521:
728:
The response within
Ukraine was overwhelmingly negative, including among Skoropadskyi's supporters. As a result of the Federal Charter's signing, the
461:
829:, eventually took the city after two weeks and an uprising by Directorate forces. Seeing that his government was collapsing, Skoropadskyi chose to
800:
1458:
1095:
1192:
1438:
927:
1334:
1305:
848:
On 26 December 1918, the restoration of the Ukrainian People's Republic was formally declared. However, rather than restoring the
1423:
903:
186:
1463:
1448:
883:
805:
874:
The Anti-Hetman Uprising kickstarted the military careers of several Ukrainian figures, such as Hryhoriv (later known for his
1220:
20:
1391:
1365:
690:
seriously damaged by conflicts between the Central Rada and German occupational authorities over legal matters. The
681:
launched a coup d'Γ©tat on 29 April 1918, with the support of the country's landowners and farmers, as well as the
665:
1428:
1282:
1248:
1162:
1045:
1016:
984:
868:
1362:"Π. Π‘ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ. Π‘Π²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ (Π£ΠΠ ) ΠΈ Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ (November 1918 β April 1919 Π³ΠΎΠ΄)"
1128:
931:
691:
146:
123:
37:
1383:
675:
616:
1043:[100 years of Ukrainian-German misunderstandings: In the village, a search for compromise].
1443:
1433:
1408:
908:
864:
394:
1339:
887:
89:
1413:
1195:[The Directorate's Anti-Hetman Uprising: Opposition movement or anti-state uprising?].
1080:[The coup of 29 April 1918: Reasons and course of P. Skoropadskyi's seizure of power].
729:
174:
1100:
1078:"ΠΠ΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΡΠΎΡ 29 ΠΊΠ²ΡΡΠ½Ρ 1918 Ρ.: ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ³ Π·Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²Π»Π°Π΄ΠΈ Π.Π‘ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π΄ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ"
761:
733:
714:
653:
641:
264:
907:
collapse of the German Empire, were primarily concerned with the continued operation of the
898:
The uprising was subject to intense criticism from Ukrainian left-wing nationalist figures.
840:, fleeing to Germany. The remaining government surrendered to the Directorate the next day.
239:
918:
circles, the uprising was met with support. Prior to the uprising's beginning, Bolsheviks
760:, took over the city. From there, Directorate forces battled with Hetmanate troops at the
8:
899:
780:
764:, which would result in a decisive Directorate victory on 18 November and the capture of
954:
was uninvolved in the conflict, German soldiers present in Ukraine following the end of
1197:
919:
678:
637:
607:
382:
345:
140:
1387:
1280:[Uprising against hetman Skoropadskyi: The Directory won, but Ukraine lost].
1073:
875:
826:
796:
722:
327:
288:
1278:"ΠΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈ Π³Π΅ΡΡΠΌΠ°Π½Π° Π‘ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΄ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ: ΠΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Π»Π°, Π°Π»Π΅ Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π° Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ»Π°"
923:
788:
718:
317:
1123:
1014:[100th anniversary of the Hetman's coup: how Skoropadskyi came to power].
350:
1310:
1193:"ΠΠ½ΡΠΈΠ³Π΅ΡΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΡ: ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡ
ΡΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π²ΠΈ?"
951:
695:
669:
633:
554:
535:
516:
358:
340:
300:
234:
210:
1277:
1040:
1011:
982:[Nestor Makhno: gold, with military talents that cannot be explained].
979:
792:
757:
649:
578:
389:
377:
322:
276:
222:
217:
1402:
749:
682:
645:
425:
399:
312:
45:
1041:"100 ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ² ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΊΠΎ-Π½ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΌΡΠ½Π½Ρ. Π‘Π΅Π»ΠΎ β Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΡ"
879:
849:
753:
686:
191:
65:
1077:
955:
710:
632:) was a 1918 uprising and brief civil war against the government of the
1012:"100-Π»ΡΡΡΡ Π³Π΅ΡΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡ: ΡΠΊ Π‘ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΄ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎ Π²Π»Π°Π΄ΠΈ"
915:
756:. The city's police force was disarmed, and the Sich Riflemen, led by
765:
78:
Negotiations with Crimea and Kuban for joining the Ukrainian State
19:
For other conflicts in Ukraine referred to as a "civil war", see
980:"ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΠ°Ρ
Π½ΠΎ: ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΊ, Π²ΡΠΉΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠ°Π»Π°Π½ΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈ"
748:
On 16 November 1918, the uprising began with a rebellion of the
1084:(4): 132β164 – via Personal Website of Pavlo Hai-Nyzhnyk.
779:
also defected from the government to the Directorate, bringing
699:
1221:"ΠΠ° ΠΠΈΡΠ²ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π²ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π³ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΡ
Π² Π±ΠΎΡ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΡ ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ²ΠΊΠ°"
799:) were effectively warlords, operating in a fashion known as
737:
88:
Neutral zone between Russia and Ukraine prescribed by the
1306:"Pavlo Skoropadskyi β Hetman of the Ukrainian State 1918"
958:
intervened to prevent the Directorate from taking Kyiv.
621:
1419:
Civil wars involving the states and peoples of Europe
1126:[Austro-German occupation of Ukraine, 1918].
732:, an underground group led by former Prime Minister
713:, Skoropadskyi's government was isolated, with the
709:After the defeat of Germany and Austria-Hungary in
1454:Battles involving the Ukrainian People's Republic
1332:
1400:
721:within its borders prior to the outbreak of the
114:β 15 December 1918 (4 weeks and 1 day)
911:, which would allow them to return to Germany.
627:
1246:[Yeroshevych, Petro Kostiantynovych].
934:and anarchists, also supported the uprising.
878:), Terpylo (known for his leadership of the
717:intent on supporting the restoration of the
1072:
1096:"War and Revolution in Ukraine, 1914-1923"
852:, the Directorate instead established the
44:
1038:
1009:
977:
882:), and Konovalets (future founder of the
50:Ukraine during the Anti-Hetman Uprising
1372:
1124:"ΠΠ²ΡΡΡΠΎ-ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡΡ Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ 1918"
904:Ukrainian Socialist-Revolutionary Party
187:Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine
1401:
1333:Balan, B.; Shulhyn, O.; Zhukovsky, A.
1160:[Anti-Hetman Uprising, 1918].
884:Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists
1275:
1271:
1269:
1267:
978:Shurkhalo, Dmytro (4 November 2018).
1459:Battles involving the Volunteer Army
1241:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1121:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1005:
1003:
1010:Shurkhalo, Dmytro (29 April 2018).
13:
1264:
1039:Shurkhalo, Dmytro (5 April 2018).
694:was abolished and replaced by the
14:
1475:
1178:
1158:"ΠΠ ΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠ’Π¬ΠΠΠΠ‘Π¬ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠΠΠ― 1918"
1155:
1144:
1061:
1000:
783:under the Directorate's control.
1439:Ukraine in the Russian Civil War
816:Siege Corps of the Sich Riflemen
572:
553:
534:
515:
488:
469:
450:
438:Siege Corps of the Sich Riflemen
431:
419:
398:
388:
376:
357:
349:
339:
306:
294:
282:
270:
258:
233:
216:
203:
180:
168:
64: Demarcation line with the
1354:
1326:
1298:
1283:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
1249:Institute of History of Ukraine
1235:
1213:
1163:Institute of History of Ukraine
1046:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
1017:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
985:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
876:uprising against the Bolsheviks
869:1919 Soviet invasion of Ukraine
640:. Led by former Prime Minister
1424:December 1918 events in Europe
1244:"ΠΠ ΠΠ¨ΠΠΠΠ§ ΠΠΠ’Π Π ΠΠΠ‘Π’Π―ΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠΠΠ§"
1129:Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine
1115:
1088:
1032:
971:
944:
932:Left Socialist-Revolutionaries
476:Separate Zaporizhzhia Division
1:
1464:Kiev in the Russian Civil War
1449:Ukrainian War of Independence
965:
659:
38:Ukrainian War of Independence
1364:(in Russian). Archived from
843:
7:
1384:University of Toronto Press
1201:(in Ukrainian). 16 May 2023
893:
692:Ukrainian People's Republic
622:
147:Ukrainian People's Republic
124:Ukrainian People's Republic
10:
1480:
1082:Ukrainian Historic Journal
928:Communist Party of Ukraine
854:Labour Congress of Ukraine
674:Lieutenant general of the
666:1918 Ukrainian coup d'Γ©tat
663:
629:ΠΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ³Π΅ΡΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ
106:16 November 1918
18:
743:
628:
612:ΠΠ½ΡΠΈΠ³Π΅ΡΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ
611:
587:
409:
248:
158:
98:
43:
35:
30:
937:
909:Korosten railway station
623:Antyhetmanske povstannia
395:Fyodor Arturovich Keller
16:1918 uprising in Ukraine
1340:Encyclopedia of Ukraine
825:, under the command of
698:, with Skoropadskyi as
676:Ukrainian People's Army
495:Separate Black Sea Kish
90:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
1429:Insurgencies in Europe
730:Directorate of Ukraine
560:8th Katerynoslav Corps
249:Commanders and leaders
1101:University of Toronto
762:Battle of Motovilivka
740:, Ukraine's capital.
734:Volodymyr Vynnychenko
654:Allies of World War I
642:Volodymyr Vynnychenko
364:Kostiantyn Prisovskyi
265:Volodymyr Vynnychenko
1380:A History of Ukraine
1378:Paul Robert Magocsi
865:UkrainianβSoviet War
604:Anti-Hetman Uprising
240:Imperial German Army
135:Directorate victory
31:Anti-Hetman Uprising
1335:"Hetman government"
1276:Shurkhalo, Dmytro.
1122:Lupandin, Oleksii.
900:Mykhailo Hrushevsky
781:Podolia Governorate
145:Restoration of the
21:Ukrainian Civil War
1198:The Ukrainian Week
1074:Hai-Nyzhnyk, Pavlo
920:Christian Rakovsky
679:Pavlo Skoropadskyi
638:Pavlo Skoropadskyi
383:Mikhail Drozdovsky
346:Pavlo Skoropadskyi
141:Pavlo Skoropadskyi
827:Yevhen Konovalets
797:Volodymyr Oskilko
770:Petro Yeroshevych
723:Russian Civil War
620:
600:
599:
541:3rd Kherson Corps
328:Volodymyr Oskilko
289:Yevhen Konovalets
154:
153:
1471:
1394:
1376:
1370:
1369:
1368:on 17 July 2012.
1358:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1314:. 24 August 2018
1302:
1296:
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1273:
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1257:
1239:
1233:
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1228:
1217:
1211:
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1206:
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1153:
1142:
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1139:
1137:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1092:
1086:
1085:
1070:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1036:
1030:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1007:
998:
997:
995:
993:
975:
959:
948:
924:Dmitry Manuilsky
914:Converesely, in
862:
839:
824:
809:
789:Nykyfor Hryhoriv
778:
719:Russian Republic
631:
630:
625:
615:
613:
577:
576:
575:
568:
558:
557:
549:
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522:Serdiuk Division
520:
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318:Nykyfor Hryhoriv
311:
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63:
57:
48:
28:
27:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1444:Ukrainian State
1434:Peasant revolts
1409:1918 in Ukraine
1399:
1398:
1397:
1377:
1373:
1360:
1359:
1355:
1345:
1343:
1331:
1327:
1317:
1315:
1311:British Library
1304:
1303:
1299:
1289:
1287:
1274:
1265:
1255:
1253:
1242:Naumenko, Kim.
1240:
1236:
1226:
1224:
1219:
1218:
1214:
1204:
1202:
1191:
1190:
1179:
1169:
1167:
1154:
1145:
1135:
1133:
1120:
1116:
1106:
1104:
1094:
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1089:
1071:
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1052:
1050:
1037:
1033:
1023:
1021:
1008:
1001:
991:
989:
976:
972:
968:
963:
962:
952:Weimar Republic
949:
945:
940:
896:
856:
846:
833:
818:
803:
772:
752:in the city of
746:
696:Ukrainian State
672:
670:Ukrainian State
664:Main articles:
662:
634:Ukrainian State
583:
573:
571:
562:
552:
543:
533:
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508:
497:
489:
487:
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366:
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307:
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301:Petro Bolbochan
295:
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259:
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244:
232:
215:
211:Ukrainian State
204:
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126:
109:
107:
94:
81:
71:
68:
61:
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58: Uprisings
55:
49:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1477:
1467:
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1451:
1446:
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1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1396:
1395:
1371:
1353:
1325:
1297:
1286:(in Ukrainian)
1263:
1252:(in Ukrainian)
1234:
1223:(in Ukrainian)
1212:
1177:
1166:(in Ukrainian)
1156:Boiko, Olena.
1143:
1132:(in Ukrainian)
1114:
1087:
1060:
1049:(in Ukrainian)
1031:
1020:(in Ukrainian)
999:
988:(in Ukrainian)
969:
967:
964:
961:
960:
942:
941:
939:
936:
895:
892:
845:
842:
793:Danylo Terpylo
758:Symon Petliura
745:
742:
661:
658:
650:Symon Petliura
598:
597:
594:
590:
589:
585:
584:
582:
581:
579:Volunteer Army
569:
550:
531:
511:
509:
507:
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485:
466:
447:
428:
415:
412:
411:
410:Units involved
407:
406:
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403:
385:
373:
354:
335:
333:
331:
330:
325:
323:Danylo Terpylo
320:
315:
303:
291:
279:
277:Symon Petliura
267:
254:
251:
250:
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1403:Categories
966:References
660:Background
648:commander
110:1918-11-16
916:Bolshevik
867:with the
844:Aftermath
636:, led by
617:romanized
608:Ukrainian
457:Greycoats
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766:Vasylkiv
588:Strength
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