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902:. By the end of May 1919, Hryhoriv's rebellion was suppressed by the Red Army, the area he occupied was again under the control of the Bolsheviks, and the forces led by him shrunk to 3,000. However, his uprising had led to the collapse of the Ukrainian Front of the Red Army, contributed to the defeat of the Reds by the
850:
and 15% for other ethnic minorities in each, admitting representatives of all parties and non-party people that supported the concept of council power. He gained some support from the peasants, who turned against the
Bolsheviks, refusing to accept forced food requisitions and repressions by the
897:
recaptured
Katerynoslav, but then they were quickly driven out of it again. Nevertheless, after the first clashes with the Red Army, Hryhoriv's troops began to surrender or return to the Reds' command. The main grouping of Hryhoriv's forces was defeated in battle at
135:
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met with
Hryhoriv, proposing a joint fight against both the Red and White armies. Both commanders decided to join forces, but their agreement quickly collapsed. Hryhoriv considered going over to the side of the Whites and subordinating himself to
892:
692:, Hryhoriv agreed to recognize the suzerainty of the government of the Ukrainian SSR and the command of the Red Army in Ukraine. He also agreed to transform his troops into regular units. The units commanded by him took the name of the
731:, which was actually controlled by the local Bolsheviks. On 6 April 1919, Hryhoriv's brigade captured Odesa, which had been abandoned the day before by French intervention troops. On the spot, Hryhoriv allowed his troops to commit
822:", allowing the soldiers to return to their places of origin. His brigade scattered throughout Kherson, taking weapons, equipment and supplies, and for the next three weeks his soldiers engaged in looting. They also committed
1773:
1569:
782:
874:. At the same time, Katerynoslav was handed over to the otaman by the Black Sea Regiment of sailor Orlov, until then fighting on the side of the Reds. Hryhoriv was also joined by sailors in Mykolaiv and
570:
and the overthrow of the tsar, Hryhoriv was active in the military committees. He then deserted from the army and returned to
Oleksandriia. At the end of 1917, he created a volunteer regiment of the
1801:
830:
in the ranks of "otaman
Hryhoriv's partisans". In Yelizavethrad, Hryhoriv's troops destroyed the party headquarters and disarmed a Red battalion. On 8 May 1919, Hryhoriv issued the
826:
and murdered activists of local party committees. Hryhoriv's troops then stopped recognizing the
Bolshevik command. They began to distribute leaflets, which called on peasants to
776:. At the same time, his attitude and the conduct of his troops aroused increasing criticism among local Bolshevik commanders, especially when Hryhoriv unexpectedly did not support
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380:
719:
On 2–10 March 1919, Hryhoriv fought a fierce, ultimately victorious battle for
Kherson against the Allied interventionists. Then, on 15 March, acting against the orders of the
1883:
69:
644:", although he actually controlled only Kherson. Hryhoriv's 6,000-strong force rejoined the Ukrainian People's Army as a separate division under the command of otaman
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613:. The Directory headed by Volodymyr Vynnychenko and Semen Petlura came to power. The troops under the command of Hryhoriv captured
1619:
831:
1923:
1853:
1663:
Shubin, Aleksandr (2010). "The
Makhnovist Movement and the National Question in the Ukraine, 1917–1921". In Hirsch, Steven J.;
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The successes achieved by
Hryhoriv meant that, after the capture of Odesa, he was appointed commander of the newly established
1722:
1583:
1513:
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882:. At its peak, he commanded 15–23,000 people. On 10 May, the defense council of the Ukrainian SSR declared Hryhoriv to be an
811:. During a meeting with Antonov-Ovseenko, Hryhoriv attacked the policy of the Bolshevik authorities in Ukraine, particularly
842:
of
Ukraine." He called for the organization of village, district and governorate councils, with 80% of seats reserved for
477:
9 February] 1884 – 27 July 1919) was a Ukrainian military leader noted for repeatedly switching sides during the
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598:. But he later founded a peasant detachment to fight against the new regime and re-established contact with Petliura.
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834:, in which he called for "the Ukrainian people to take power into their own hands" and proclaimed "the
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1008:"Отаманщина в період Директорії УНР: соціальна база, роль і місце в національно-визвольній боротьбі"
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708:. Hryhoriv's move to the side of the Red Army forced the Ukrainian People's Army to withdraw to
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lost control over much of Ukraine and Hryhoriv decided to join the side of the victorious
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Nestor Makhno–Anarchy's Cossack: The Struggle for Free Soviets in the Ukraine 1917–1921
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The Anarchism of Nestor Makhno, 1918–1921: An Aspect of the Ukrainian Revolution
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and in a short time forced the forces loyal to the Directorate to withdraw from
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1410:. Praeger Publications in Russian History and World Communism. Vol. 114.
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were withdrawing from Ukraine, an anti-Skoropadskyi uprising broke out in the
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Anarchism and Syndicalism in the Colonial and Postcolonial World, 1870–1940
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Nykyfor Oleksandrovych Servetnyk was born in 1884 in the small village of
485:. He is today considered one of the most influential rebel leaders of the
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At the beginning of May, Hryhoriv's armed forces seized the area between
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in the 56th Zhytomyr Infantry Regiment, eventually rising to the rank of
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Red Advance, White Defeat. Civil War in South Russia 1919–1920
1535:[N. A. Hryhoriv - Otaman of the Kherson insurgents].
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However, Hryhoriv actually sent his troops for a three-week "
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Bolsheviks in the Ukraine. The Second Campaign, 1918–1919
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and transport the stolen goods to their place of origin.
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Nestor Makhno and Rural Anarchism in Ukraine, 1917–1921
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586:. Hryhoriv initially supported the seizure of power by
582:. Petliura also instructed him to create more units in
1574:. Publications on Russia and Eastern Europe. Seattle:
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for some time, attacking military transports going to
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Russian military personnel of the Russo-Japanese War
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520:, but interrupted his studies to volunteer for the
1054:
886:. On 15 May 1919, Red troops under the command of
795:, fearing for both Hryhoriv's loyalty and that of
552:. During this time, he changed his surname to the
1671:. Studies in Global Social History. Vol. 6.
1929:Perpetrators of pogroms in the Russian Civil War
1810:
933:and raiding towards Oleksandriia. In June 1919,
753:Hryhoriv's cavalry forces enter Odesa after the
668:, as Petliura had not allowed him to attack the
648:, but his command over these units was limited.
1533:"Н.А. Григорьев - Атаман повстанцев Херсонщины"
651:
1869:Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 3rd class
1568:Palij, Michael (1976). "Nykyfor Hryhor'iv".
917:Hryhoriv's supporters managed to hold on to
738:
67:
1889:Russian military personnel of World War I
1879:Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner
1605:. Winnipeg: Echo Books. pp. 60–73.
1503:
1304:
772:, and he was proposed to be awarded the
748:
632:of the insurgent forces of "the land of
1603:Nestor Makhno: The Life of an Anarchist
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1471:Nestor Makhno in the Russian Civil War
1324:
628:, after which he declared himself the
357:Ukrainian Kherson Division (1917–1919)
347:56th Zhytomyr Infantry Regiment (1917)
1874:Recipients of the Cross of St. George
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684:and three days before the capture of
528:. After demobilization, he worked in
16:Ukrainian military leader (1884–1919)
574:, for which he received the rank of
1547:: Ippolitov Publishing House: 1–7.
678:Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
13:
836:dictatorship of the working people
14:
1940:
1767:
1402:Footman, David (1961). "Makhno".
878:, and even found some support in
787:'s troops on their march towards
92:Nychypir Oleksandrovych Servetnyk
1859:People of the Russian Revolution
1802:Otaman Grigoryev: Truth and Myth
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1909:Ukrainian people of World War I
1864:People of the Russian Civil War
1849:People from Khmelnytskyi Oblast
1774:Encyclopedia of Ukraine article
1709:. Translated by Sharkey, Paul.
1334:
985:Никифор Олександрович Григор'єв
658:1919 Soviet invasion of Ukraine
463:Nykyfor Oleksandrovych Hryhoriv
440:1919 Soviet invasion of Ukraine
1576:University of Washington Press
1508:(in Polish). Warsaw: Bellona.
1506:Wojna domowa w Rosji 1917–1920
1000:
974:
757:evacuated the city, April 1919
594:, under the protection of the
1:
1924:20th-century Ukrainian people
1854:People from Letichevsky Uyezd
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763:6th Ukrainian Soviet Division
590:and the establishment of the
561:
479:Ukrainian War of Independence
435:Ukrainian War of Independence
381:6th Ukrainian Soviet Division
21:Eastern Slavic naming customs
904:Armed Forces of South Russia
828:fight against the Bolsheviks
652:In the ranks of the Red Army
492:
445:Southern Russia Intervention
7:
1779:Ataman of Pogroms Grigoriev
1454:: New Academia Publishing.
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177:Ukrainian People's Republic
142:Ukrainian People's Republic
10:
1945:
1919:People murdered in Ukraine
1899:Ukrainian military leaders
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725:Vladimir Antonov-Ovseyenko
670:Allied intervention forces
41:
19:In this name that follows
18:
1914:Ukrainian revolutionaries
1844:Executed Ukrainian people
1834:Executed military leaders
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694:1st Trans-Dnieper Brigade
601:In November 1918, as the
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1904:Ukrainian mass murderers
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473:; 21 February [
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42:Not to be confused with
1839:Executed mass murderers
1829:20th-century executions
1629:Encyclopedia of Ukraine
1601:Peters, Victor (1970).
1537:New Historical Bulletin
1504:Mawdsley, Evan (2010).
1469:Malet, Michael (1982).
774:Order of the Red Banner
739:Anti-Bolshevik Uprising
572:Ukrainian People's Army
368:1st Trans-Dnepr Brigade
255:Ukrainian People's Army
1618:Senkus, Roman (1989).
1531:Mishina, A.V. (2006).
1342:Adams, Arthur (1963).
758:
179:(1917–1918, 1918–1919)
1795:Universal of Hryhoriv
1740:Smele, J. D. (2015).
1638:10.3138/9781442632813
1367:Darch, Colin (2020).
1352:Yale University Press
908:Battle for the Donbas
888:Oleksandr Parkhomenko
752:
540:, he was initially a
522:Imperial Russian Army
370:(February–April 1919)
291:Years of service
268:Ukrainian Soviet Army
242:Imperial Russian Army
1894:Ukrainian guerrillas
1679:. pp. 147–191.
1665:van der Walt, Lucien
1624:Kubijovyč, Volodymyr
1578:. pp. 160–174.
1217:, pp. 281–282;
1186:, pp. 259–261;
1135:, pp. 190, 199.
483:Soviet-Ukrainian war
1620:"Hryhoriv, Nykyfor"
1406:Civil War in Russia
1205:, pp. 275–277.
1123:, pp. 180–181.
1111:, pp. 173–177.
838:, the power of the
824:antisemitic pogroms
568:February Revolution
550:Order of St. George
510:Podolia Governorate
270:(February–May 1919)
207:(February–May 1919)
1750:C. Hurst & Co.
1479:Palgrave Macmillan
1379:. pp. 39–72.
759:
588:Pavlo Skoropadskyi
576:lieutenant colonel
526:Russo-Japanese War
516:. He studied at a
418:Russo-Japanese War
324:Division commander
318:Lieutenant colonel
1724:978-1-902593-68-5
1703:Skirda, Alexandre
1585:978-0-295-95511-7
1515:978-83-11-11638-2
1488:978-0-333-25969-6
1012:hai-nyzhnyk.in.ua
840:people's councils
813:food requisitions
745:Hryhoriv Uprising
524:and fight in the
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450:Hryhoriv Uprising
83:Никифор Григор'ів
73:Hryhoriev in 1919
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1758:9781849047210
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1686:9789004188495
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1647:9781442632813
1643:
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1452:Washington DC
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1326:
1323:, p. 6;
1322:
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1305:Mawdsley 2010
1301:
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1079:
1074:
1068:, p. 98.
1067:
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982:
977:
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960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
949:
943:
941:
940:Anton Denikin
936:
935:Nestor Makhno
932:
928:
924:
920:
915:
913:
909:
905:
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837:
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829:
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821:
816:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
797:Nestor Makhno
794:
790:
784:
779:
775:
769:
764:
756:
751:
746:
736:
734:
730:
726:
723:'s commander
722:
717:
715:
711:
707:
706:Yelizavethrad
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
649:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
621:
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612:
611:Dnieper basin
608:
604:
599:
597:
593:
589:
585:
584:Yelysavethrad
581:
577:
573:
569:
559:
557:
556:
555:nom de guerre
551:
547:
546:staff captain
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
505:
500:
490:
488:
487:Otamanshchyna
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
451:
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
437:
436:
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429:
428:Eastern Front
426:
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387:
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312:Staff Captain
310:
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205:Ukrainian SSR
195:
192:
181:
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137:
132:
123:
119:
116:(now Ukraine)
115:
111:
99:
95:
91:
87:
81:
77:
70:
65:
57:
52:
49:
45:
38:
34:
31: and the
30:
26:
22:
1800:
1790:(in Russian)
1782:(in Russian)
1741:
1706:
1668:
1627:
1602:
1570:
1540:
1536:
1505:
1470:
1447:
1444:Kenez, Peter
1405:
1368:
1343:
1335:Bibliography
1321:Mishina 2006
1312:
1300:
1295:, p. 6.
1293:Mishina 2006
1280:, p. 5.
1278:Mishina 2006
1263:Mishina 2006
1241:
1236:, p. 4.
1234:Mishina 2006
1221:, p. 3.
1219:Mishina 2006
1210:
1188:Mishina 2006
1179:
1172:Mishina 2006
1167:
1140:
1128:
1116:
1104:
1099:, p. 2.
1097:Mishina 2006
1078:Mishina 2006
1073:
1044:
1039:, p. 1.
1037:Mishina 2006
1015:. Retrieved
1011:
1002:
976:
957:Green armies
916:
864:Katerynoslav
857:
817:
760:
718:
655:
638:Zaporizhzhia
626:Oleksandriia
600:
565:
553:
542:praporshchik
530:Oleksandriia
496:
489:phenomenon.
470:
466:
462:
461:
411:Battles/wars
126:(1919-07-27)
124:27 July 1919
48:
36:
28:
1824:1919 deaths
1819:1884 births
1799:Timkov, O.
1418:. pp.
1377:Pluto Press
1325:Skirda 2004
891: [
781: [
766: [
672:landing in
662:Directorate
618: [
538:World War I
502: [
423:World War I
384: [
320:(1917–1919)
257:(1917–1919)
244:(1910–1917)
165:(1904–1917)
134: [
79:Native name
33:family name
1813:Categories
1656:1165480101
1461:0974493457
1395:1225942343
1317:Kenez 2004
1246:Smele 2015
1215:Adams 1963
1203:Adams 1963
1184:Adams 1963
1160:Adams 1963
1145:Adams 1963
1133:Adams 1963
1121:Adams 1963
1109:Adams 1963
1066:Smele 2015
1049:Adams 1963
1017:2 February
994:References
868:Kremenchuk
844:Ukrainians
809:Bessarabia
801:anarchists
698:Kryvyi Rih
666:Bolsheviks
615:Verbluzhka
566:After the
562:Revolution
558:Hryhoriv.
218:Borotbists
148:Allegiance
103:1884-02-21
89:Birth name
25:patronymic
1705:(2004) .
1695:868808983
1561:844626269
1553:2072-9286
1524:750846354
1436:254495418
1348:New Haven
981:Ukrainian
846:, 5% for
832:Universal
702:Znamianka
536:. During
508:, in the
499:Zastavlia
493:Biography
471:Servetnyk
467:Grigoryev
294:1904–1919
110:Dunaivtsi
1733:60602979
1715:AK Press
1667:(eds.).
1594:81941010
1446:(2004).
1428:62-17560
1412:New York
946:See also
923:Kakhovka
919:Beryslav
900:Kamianka
872:Cherkasy
860:Mykolaiv
789:Tiraspol
729:Mykolaiv
714:Volhynia
690:Red Army
334:Commands
37:Hryhoriv
1711:Oakland
1626:(ed.).
1611:7925080
1497:8514426
1416:Praeger
927:Nikopol
906:in the
880:Podolia
876:Ochakiv
733:looting
710:Podolia
688:by the
682:Kharkiv
642:Taurida
634:Kherson
512:of the
228:Service
131:Sentove
1755:
1746:London
1731:
1721:
1693:
1683:
1673:Leiden
1654:
1644:
1609:
1592:
1582:
1559:
1551:
1545:Moscow
1543:(15).
1522:
1512:
1495:
1485:
1475:London
1458:
1434:
1426:
1422:–274.
1393:
1383:
1373:London
1360:406299
1358:
931:Crimea
884:outlaw
660:, the
630:otaman
532:as an
326:(1919)
314:(1917)
308:(1914)
306:Ensign
202:
193:(1918)
188:
174:
160:
56:Otaman
23:, the
1677:Brill
1622:. In
968:Notes
895:]
853:Cheka
785:]
770:]
674:Odesa
622:]
578:from
506:]
388:]
138:]
1753:ISBN
1729:OCLC
1719:ISBN
1691:OCLC
1681:ISBN
1652:OCLC
1642:ISBN
1607:OCLC
1590:OCLC
1580:ISBN
1557:OCLC
1549:ISSN
1520:OCLC
1510:ISBN
1493:OCLC
1483:ISBN
1456:ISBN
1432:OCLC
1424:LCCN
1391:OCLC
1381:ISBN
1356:OCLC
1019:2024
925:and
870:and
848:Jews
820:rest
712:and
704:and
686:Kyiv
640:and
624:and
605:and
481:and
475:O.S.
465:(or
299:Rank
121:Died
97:Born
1634:doi
1420:270
807:in
799:'s
680:in
35:is
27:is
1815::
1748::
1744:.
1727:.
1717:.
1713::
1689:.
1675::
1650:.
1640:.
1588:.
1555:.
1518:.
1491:.
1481:.
1477::
1473:.
1450:.
1430:.
1414::
1389:.
1375::
1371:.
1354:.
1350::
1346:.
1285:^
1270:^
1253:^
1226:^
1195:^
1152:^
1085:^
1056:^
1027:^
1010:.
983::
921:,
914:.
893:uk
866:,
862:,
855:.
791:.
783:ru
768:ru
716:.
700:,
636:,
620:uk
504:uk
386:ru
140:,
136:uk
112:,
1805:.
1761:.
1735:.
1697:.
1658:.
1636::
1613:.
1596:.
1563:.
1541:1
1526:.
1499:.
1464:.
1438:.
1397:.
1362:.
1021:.
105:)
101:(
46:.
39:.
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