Anti-Catholicism - Knowledge

7483: 6496:, "at various points in his life, Grant had bristled privately at what he considered religious communicants' thralldom to a domineering clergy, but he did not specifically mention Catholicism in his speech. Still, Catholic journals decried the president's seeming exploitation of religious bigotry." In his December 1875 Annual Message to Congress, Grant urged taxation on "vast amounts of untaxed church property" which Professor John McGreevey says was "a transparently anti-Catholic measure since only the Catholic Church owned vast amounts of property – in schools, orphanages, and charitable institutions". Grant told Congress such legislation would protect American citizens from tyranny "whether directed by the demagogue or by priestcraft." 37: 6328:

degree of freedom of religion as president (1789–1797), when he often attended services of different denominations. The military alliance with Catholic France in 1778 changed attitudes radically in Boston. Local leaders enthusiastically welcomed French naval and military officers, realizing the alliance was critical to winning independence. The Catholic chaplain of the French army reported in 1781 that he was continually receiving "new civilities" from the best families in Boston; he also noted that "the people in general retain their own prejudices." By 1790, about 500 Catholics in Boston formed the first Catholic Church there.

5708: 6748: 5827:". For political reasons, Hitler was prepared to restrain his anti-clericalism, seeing danger in strengthening the Church by persecuting it, but he intended to wage a show-down against it after the war. Joseph Goebbels, the Minister for Propaganda, led the Nazi persecution of the Catholic clergy and wrote that there was "an insoluble opposition between the Christian and a heroic-German world view". Hitler's chosen deputy, Martin Bormann, was a rigid guardian of Nazi orthodoxy and saw Christianity and Nazism as "incompatible", as did the official Nazi philosopher, 7229: 5144: 4833: 6480:, who was searching for a campaign platform for presidency, created an argument for defunding parochial, or denominational, schools. Though it was not explicitly stated to be against Catholicism, Catholic versus public education had been a heated topic for several years by this point. Many newspapers argued that Blaine wanted to build his following from those who held anti-Catholic beliefs. Although the amendment was vetoed, it made lasting impacts on the United States. After 1875, many states passed constitutional provisions, called " 7030: 3057: 6357:

urban centers in the East, but a large portion also began moving to the unsettled western land along the Mississippi River Valley. The land provided the resources that they would need to survive in their new home, but it also created tensions with the Protestant Americans looking to inhabit the land themselves. Theories about the Roman Catholic Church's intentions were abundant since it appeared that the church was impeding on the Protestants' right to the western lands.

20460: 18520: 16418: 4465:). Certain political parties in these historically Catholic regions subscribed to and propagated an internal form of anti-Catholicism, generally known as anti-clericalism, that expressed a hostile attitude towards the Catholic Church as an establishment and the overwhelming political, social, spiritual and religious power of the Catholic Church. Anti-clerical governments often attacked the Pope's ability to appoint bishops in order to ensure that the Church 5540:. Many were descended from the 40,000 Irish Catholics who were transported as convicts to Australia before 1867. The majority consisted of British and Irish Protestants. The Catholics dominated the labour unions and the Labor Party. The growth of school systems in the late 19th century typically involved religious issues, pitting Protestants against Catholics. The issue of independence for Ireland was long a sore point, until the matter was resolved by the 4514: 16438: 18509: 4242: 1065: 4940: 4880: 6415:

had unique saints to venerate and views on how to educate their children, so ethnic groups tended to stick together in order to preserve their traditions. Classes were taught in the immigrants' native language in an attempt to keep their culture alive as well, but many American Protestants viewed this negatively, as though the immigrants were unwilling to adjust to their new lives in an English-speaking nation.

6251: 20470: 16428: 4998:. Local magistrates feared reprisals and as a result, they did not enforce the riot act. The riots were not suppressed until the Army moved in and dispersed the crowds by shooting them, killing hundreds of rioters. The violence lasted from 2 June to 9 June 1780. Public opinion, especially in middle-class and elite circles, repudiated anti-Catholicism and lower-class violence, and it also rallied behind the 5559:, again reflecting Ireland's place within the Empire, and the Catholic minority remained subject to discrimination and suspicion. During the First World War, the Irish gave support for the war effort and comprised 20% of the army in France. However, the labour unions and the Irish in particular, strongly opposed conscription, and in alliance with like-minded farmers, defeated it in national plebiscites in 7995:, multiple attacks on Catholic churches occurred. For instance, in 2009, a mob of 1,000 smashed the interior of a church in the town of Crooswatta, assaulting parishioners with clubs, swords and stones, forcing several of them to be treated in hospitals. In 2013, vandals smashed a statue of the Virgin Mary as well as a tabernacle, and they also tried to burn the Eucharist at a church in Angulana, near 6505: 4542: 6882: 7515:

deported because of their activities in defense of their religion and ethnicity. In the late nineteenth century, however, there was a progressive relaxation of the control of Catholic institutions by the Russian authorities. Additionally, all the Eastern Catholic population forced to convert to the Orthodox faith, refusal was often met with violence and even murder, like the martyrs of

4905:, which declared that she was a heretic and purportedly dissolved the duty of all of Elizabeth's subjects to maintain their allegiance to her. This rendered Elizabeth's subjects who persisted in their allegiance to the Catholic Church politically suspect, and it also made the position of her Catholic subjects largely untenable if they tried to maintain both allegiances at once. The 6533: 6218: 5470:'denominational compromise' was further extended to education when all religious schools were put on the basis which the Catholics had enjoyed since the 1840s. Alone in North America Newfoundland had a state funded system of denominational schools. The compromise worked and politics ceased to be about religion and became concerned with purely political and economic issues. 5942:

resistance, the security services monitored Catholic clergy very closely – instructing that agents monitor every diocese, that the bishops' reports to the Vatican should be obtained and that bishops' activities be discovered and reported. Priests were frequently denounced, arrested, or sent to concentration camps – many to the dedicated

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attempts was allowing Catholic teachers to find work within public schools, teaching children of countless denominations. But there were instances of limiting Catholics in public education as seen in Poughkeepsie, NY, in 1873 when a law was passed that forbade Catholic garments from being worn within public education facilities--it was not repealed until 1898.

9817:, p. 240, Simon and Schuster, 1990: "And even fewer paused to reflect that under the leadership of Rosenberg, Bormann and Himmler, who were backed by Hitler, the Nazi regime would eventually destroy Christianity in Germany, if it could, and replace it with the old paganism of the early tribal Germanic gods and the new paganism of the Nazi extremists." 4449:, the Catholic Church struggled to maintain its traditional religious and political role in the face of rising secular power in Catholic countries. As a result of these struggles, a hostile attitude towards the considerable political, social, spiritual and religious power of the Pope and the clergy arose in majority Catholic countries in the form of 6214:. They opposed not only the Catholic Church but also the Church of England which, due to its perpetuation of some Catholic doctrines and practices, was deemed insufficiently "reformed". Furthermore, English and Scottish identity to a large extent was based on opposition to Catholicism. "To be English was to be anti-Catholic," writes Robert Curran. 6348:, looking at the Catholic Church in France, wrote, "History, I believe, furnishes no example of a priest-ridden people maintaining a free civil government", and "In every country and in every age, the priest has been hostile to liberty. He is always in alliance with the despot, abetting his abuses in return for protection to his own." 6983:, supported Combes in his application of the law of 1901 on the religious associations, and voted the new bill on the congregations (1904). By 1904, through his efforts, nearly 10,000 religious schools had been closed and thousands of priests and nuns left France rather than be persecuted. Under his guidance parliament passed the 5726:(literally, "culture struggle") especially in Prussia, the largest state in the new German Empire to destroy the political power of the Catholic Church and the Pope. Catholics were numerous in the South (Bavaria, Baden-Wuerttemberg) and west (Rhineland) and fought back. Bismarck intended to end Catholics' loyalty with Rome ( 12727: 7193:

confrontations with the authorities, which led the Government to accuse the Catholic Church of siding with the demonstrators, according to the testimony of one priest who spoke, under anonymity for fear of reprisals, to ACN. The priest in question claimed to have personally rescued 19 demonstrators with

5420:(1836–1898), a Protestant who had immigrated from Ireland. In the late 19th century he mobilized the "Orange" or Protestant Irish, and fiercely fought against Irish Catholics as well as the French Catholics. He especially crusaded for the abolition of the French language in Manitoba and Ontario schools. 6321:

while most remained in the new nation. By the 1780s, Catholics were extended legal toleration in all of the New England states that previously had been so hostile. "In the midst of war and crisis, New Englanders gave up not only their allegiance to Britain but one of their most dearly held prejudices."

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The Jesuit order was restored by the pope in 1814 and it flourished in terms of rebuilding schools and educational institutions but it never regained its enormous political power. The suppression of the Jesuits has been described as "an unmitigated disaster for Catholicism." The political weakness of

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because it reported to an Italian power – the Pope – and it also tried to operate independently rather than operate under the control of the government. In Portugal as well as in much of Catholic Europe, he waged a full-scale war against the Jesuits. The Jesuit order was

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determined that ethnic Croats were persecuted on political, racial and religious grounds, as part of a general campaign of killings and forced-removals of Croat civilians. This included the deliberate destruction of religious buildings and monuments. Approximately 450 Catholic churches were destroyed

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The Jesuits (Societas Jesu) were banned from all activities in either clerical or pedagogical functions by Article 51 of the Swiss constitution in 1848. The reason for the ban was the perceived threat to the stability of the state resulting from Jesuit advocacy of traditional Catholicism; it followed

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contained further anti-clerical provisions. Article 3 called for secular education in the schools and prohibited the Church from engaging in primary education; Article 5 outlawed monastic orders; Article 24 forbade public worship outside the confines of churches; and Article 27 placed restrictions on

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The push for public education came from a hope that America would become a more prosperous place if it were made up of well-rounded, well-educated individuals. And because immigrants made up a large portion of the population, common education had to be established. Many Catholic communities wanted to

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Many Catholic immigrants coming into the United States found it was more comforting to stay tightly-knit with those of the same nationality, leading churches to create their own educational facilities for the children within a particular community. Every immigrant group coming from a Catholic country

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While the push for moderated school systems increased in the mid-nineteenth century, government oversight was common, especially in less-populated, rural regions. As such, the local church and community tended to create educational systems centered on their particular faith, and education was largely

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prohibited Irish Catholics from either purchasing or leasing land, from voting, from holding political office, from living either within 5 miles (8 km) away from a corporate town, from obtaining an education, from entering a profession, and doing many of the other things which a person needed to

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visited Rome in 1960. Since then, the dialogue has continued through envoys and standing conferences. Meanwhile, both the nonconformist churches such as the Methodists, and the established Church of England, have dramatically declined in membership. Membership in the Catholic Church continues to grow

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In recent years, the Catholic Church in Nicaragua has faced increased scrutiny and actions from government authorities. In a notable event, the Nicaraguan police, known for their loyalty to President Daniel Ortega's administration, announced an investigation into several dioceses for potential money

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This distrust of Rome continued to infiltrate the educational facilities in the United States as well, leading to the fight for eliminating government-funded Catholic schooling. Many cities made attempts to integrate school systems, though there were varying degrees of success. One of the successful

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Anti-Catholic fears reached a peak in the nineteenth century when the Protestant population became alarmed by the influx of Catholic immigrants. Irish and German Catholic immigrants in particular were pouring into the US at rapid speeds in the early decades of the nineteenth century. Some settled in

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The patriot reliance on Catholic France for military, financial and diplomatic aid led to a sharp drop in anti-Catholic rhetoric. Indeed, the king replaced the pope as the demon patriots had to fight against. Anti-Catholicism remained strong among loyalists, some of whom went to Canada after the war

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brought Muslim and Jewish advisors with him from the Ottoman Empire. While Protestant Swedes could not join any other religious organization until 1873, still, in 1849, Catholic converts were punished with imprisonment. Conversion to Catholicism was punished with fines or imprisonment even after the

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On 12 January 1953, Wyszyński was elevated to the rank of cardinal by Pius XII as another wave of persecution began in Poland. When the bishops voiced their opposition to state interference in ecclesiastical appointments, mass trials and the internment of priests began – the cardinal

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During this period of time, discussions of public versus religious education were growing in both urban and rural settings. Protestants and Catholics alike understood the importance of educating the youth; however, finding common ground on how to approach education became a challenge with differing

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American anti-Catholicism has its origins in the Protestant Reformation which generated anti-Catholic propaganda for various political and dynastic reasons. Because the Protestant Reformation justified itself as an effort to correct what it perceived were the errors and the excesses of the Catholic

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Almost immediately after agreeing the Concordat, the Nazis promulgated their sterilization law, an offensive policy in the eyes of the Catholic Church and moved to dissolve the Catholic Youth League. Clergy, nuns and lay leaders began to be targeted, leading to thousands of arrests over the ensuing

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writes that Hitler believed that in the long run National Socialism and religion would not be able to co-exist, stressing repeatedly that Nazism was a secular ideology, founded on modern science: "Science, he declared, would easily destroy the last remaining vestiges of superstition". Germany could

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took up the battle cry and launched a national crusade to save the nation from the "spiritual despotism" of Rome. The whole Protestant edifice of churches, Bible societies, temperance societies, and missionary agencies was thus interposed against Catholic electoral maneuvers ... at the very moment

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argues that the Irish Catholic Democrats in Philadelphia had successfully appealed to the upper-class Whig leadership. The Whigs wanted to split the Democratic coalition, so they approved Bishop Kendrick's request that Catholic children be allowed to use their own Bible. That approval outraged the

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Historian Joseph G. Mannard says that wars reduced anti-Catholicism: "enough Catholics supported the War for Independence to erase many old myths about the inherently treasonable nature of Catholicism.... During the Civil War the heavy enlistments of Irish and Germans into the Union Army helped to

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long experienced social and political tensions between the large Irish Catholic working-class, on the one hand and the Anglican elite on the other. In the 1850s, the Catholic bishop organized his flock and made them stalwarts of the Liberal party. Nasty rhetoric was the prevailing style elections;

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A favorite rhetorical device in the 1870s was using the code words for Catholicism: "superstition, ambition and ignorance". President Ulysses Grant in a major speech to veterans in October 1875 warned that America again faced an enemy: religious schools. Grant saw another civil war in the "near

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was a vigorous promoter of tolerance for all religious denominations as commander of the army (1775–1783) where he suppressed anti-Catholic celebrations in the Army and appealed to French Catholics in Canada to join the American Revolution; a few hundred of them did. Likewise he guaranteed a high

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It quickly became clear that intended to imprison the Catholics, as it were, in their own churches. They could celebrate Mass and retain their rituals as much as they liked, but they could have nothing at all to do with German society otherwise. Catholic schools and newspapers were closed, and a

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was a regulation by the Ontario Ministry of Education that restricted the use of French as a language of instruction to the first two years of schooling. French Canada reacted vehemently and lost, dooming its French-language Catholic schools. This was a central reason for French Canada's distance

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wrote that a "universal anti-Catholic bias was brought to Jamestown in 1607 and vigorously cultivated in all the thirteen colonies from Massachusetts to Georgia". Colonial charters and laws often contained specific proscriptions against Catholics. For example, the second Massachusetts charter of

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The effects of the war on the Church were profound. Between 1926 and 1934 at least 40 priests were killed. Where there were 4,500 priests serving the people before the rebellion, in 1934 there were only 334 priests licensed by the government to serve fifteen million people, the rest having been

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The Nazis claimed that they had jurisdiction over all collective and social activities and based on their claim, they infiltrated all collective and social institutions, interfered in all of the activities which they performed, and banned them if they did not become Nazified, including Catholic

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meant that the party (in Victoria and Queensland more than elsewhere) was effectively divided between pro-Catholic and anti-Catholic elements. As a result of such disunity the ALP was defeated at every single national election between 1955 and 1972. In the late 20th century, the Catholic Church

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of British convict ships at Sydney. The colonial authorities blocked a Catholic clerical presence until 1820, reflecting the legal disabilities of Catholics in Britain. Some of the Irish convicts had been transported to Australia for political crimes or social rebellion and authorities remained

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the school, claiming that Catholics were regularly attacking their homes and denying them access to facilities. The picket resumed on 3 September, when the new school term began. For weeks, hundreds of loyalist protesters tried to stop the schoolchildren and their parents from walking to school

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Anti-Catholicism among many of the English was not only grounded in their fear that the pope sought to reimpose religio-spiritual authority over England, it was also grounded in their fear that the pope also sought to impose secular power over them in alliance with their arch-enemies France and

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across Europe, with nearly 1000 secondary schools and seminaries were shut down. Their lands, buildings, and endowments were confiscated; their teachers were scattered. Although Jesuit education had become old fashioned in Poland and other areas, it was the main educational support network for

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On May 12, 2019, six Catholics including a priest were killed by gunmen who rode on motorcycles and stormed a church in Dablo during a Sunday morning mass. A day later, on May 13, 2019, four people were killed and a statue of the Virgin Mary was destroyed by armed men in an attack on Catholic

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Anticlericalism has at times been violent, leading to murders and the desecration, destruction and seizure of Church property. Anticlericalism in one form or another has existed throughout most of Christian history, and it is considered to be one of the major popular forces underlying the 16th

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The disagreements between faiths led leaders of public education systems, typically Protestant in faith, to advocate for disintegration between schools. To the leaders, the Catholic community was not worthwhile and had too many differences from Protestantism; therefore, they assumed, combining

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Priests and bishops who resisted the Kulturkampf were arrested or removed from their positions. By the height of anti-Catholic legislation, half of the Prussian bishops were in prison or in exile, a quarter of the parishes had no priest, half the monks and nuns had left Prussia, a third of the

7757:"is waging the most severe systematic suppression of Christianity in the country since religious freedom was written into the Chinese constitution in 1982", which has involved "destroying crosses, burning bibles, shutting churches and ordering followers to sign papers renouncing their faith". 7514:

religious education was compulsory) and censoring the actions of the Catholic Church. In particular, attention was focused on the public actions of the Church, such as masses or funerals, because they could serve as the focus of protests against the occupation. Many priests were imprisoned or

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at Dachau. Of a total of 2,720 clergy imprisoned at Dachau, some 2,579 (or 95%) were Catholic. Nazi policy towards the Church was at its most severe in the territories it annexed to Greater Germany, where the Nazis set about systematically dismantling the Church – arresting its

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encyclical – accusing the Nazis of violations of the Concordat, and of sowing the "tares of suspicion, discord, hatred, calumny, of secret and open fundamental hostility to Christ and His Church". The Pope noted on the horizon the "threatening storm clouds" of religious wars of

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for a piece the League described as taking "delight in justifying anti-Catholicism." Anti-Catholic hate crimes against persons and property have also continued to occur. The summer of 2020 saw a wave of anti-Catholic acts which ranged from the vandalization of churches and cathedrals; to the

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prevented Sigismund from conquering and reconverting Sweden. Catholic nobles were put in a majority of leading positions by Sigismund In the Swedish government without the approval of the Swedish people or parliament. The conspiracy provoked new laws preventing Catholics from holding leading

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as the Conservative Prime Minister. Hoyles unexpectedly reversed his long record of militant Protestant activism and worked to defuse tensions. He shared patronage and power with the Catholics; all jobs and patronage were split between the various religious bodies on a per capita basis. This

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Later Catholic protests included the 22 March 1942 pastoral letter by the German bishops on "The Struggle against Christianity and the Church". About 30 per cent of Catholic priests were disciplined by police during the Nazi era. In effort to counter the strength and influence of spiritual

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One of the most controversial issues was public support for Catholic French-language schools. Although the Confederation Agreement of 1867 guaranteed the status of Catholic schools when they were legalized by provincial governments, disputes erupted in numerous provinces, especially in the

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desired the subordination of the Church to the State and could not accept an autonomous establishment, whose legitimacy did not spring from the government. From the beginning, the Catholic Church faced general persecution, regimentation and oppression. Aggressive anti-Church radicals like

13112:"Human Losses of the Croats in World War II and the Immediate Post-War Period Caused by the Chetniks (Yugoslav Army in the Fatherland) and the Partisans (People's Liberation Army and the Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia/Yugoslav Army) and the Communist Authorities: Numerical Indicators" 7192:

The crackdown on the Church is a response to growing criticism of the regime and its human and civil rights abuses by the Church hierarchy and priests. Initially the Churches opened their doors to welcome people fleeing regime forces after demonstrations, and to care for those wounded in

5938:. There were mass arrests of clergy and Church presses were expropriated. Goebbels renewed the regime's crackdown and propaganda against Catholics. By 1939 all Catholic denominational schools had been disbanded or converted to public facilities. By 1941, all Church press had been banned. 5734:

monasteries and convents were closed, 1800 parish priests were imprisoned or exiled, and thousands of laymen were imprisoned for helping the priests. There were anti-Polish elements in Greater Poland and Silesia. The Catholics refused to comply; they strengthened their Centre Party.

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On 30 July 2009, tensions arose in the Christian village of Korian after pages containing Islamic inscriptions were found in front of a Christian home. Muslims then accused a family there of blasphemy against Islam. On 1 August 2009, a Muslim mob raided a Christian settlement in

6181:, consisted of the "Anti-Christ" and the "Whore of Babylon" variety and it dominated Anti-Catholic thought until the late seventeenth century. The second was a more secular variety which focused on the supposed intrigue of the Catholics and accused them of plotting to extend 5518:

and set out uninvited from Britain for the colony. Watched by authorities, Flynn secretly performed priestly duties before being arrested and deported to London. Reaction to the affair in Britain led to two further priests being allowed to travel to the colony in 1820. The

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to be "the only supreme head on earth of the Church in England" in place of the pope. Any act of allegiance to the latter was considered treasonous because the papacy claimed to have both spiritual and political power over its followers. It was under this act that saints

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is a historical movement that opposes religious (generally Catholic) institutional power and influence in all aspects of public and political life, and the involvement of religion in the everyday life of the citizen. It suggests a more active and partisan role than mere

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of 1688–1689 involved the overthrow of King James II, of the Stuart dynasty, who favoured the Catholics, and his replacement by a Dutch Protestant. For decades the Stuarts were supported by France in plots to invade and conquer Britain, and anti-Catholicism persisted.

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The school controversy, however, had united 94 leading clergymen of the city in a common pledge to strengthen Protestant education and "awaken the attention of the community to the dangers which... threaten these United States from the assaults of Romanism." The

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groups have also espoused anti-Catholic sentiment. One popular conspiracy theory is based on the belief that the three stars on the DC flag stand for London, the Vatican and Washington. Another far-right conspiracy claims the pope was arrested for sexual abuse.

6971:(1871–1940) was dominated by anti-clericalism, the desire to secularise the State and cultural life, based on an obsession with being faithful to the most extreme currents of the French Revolution. This was the position of the radicals and socialists. in 1902 7178:, Bishop of Manuaga and a prominent critic of Ortega, was arrested in 2023, and then exiled in January 2024. Several Catholic media outlets were shuttered by the Government, and police harassment of Catholics and clergy was widespread, with Catholic charity 6106:

against the Catholics and proclaimed he was divinely chosen by God to lead the Protestants to glory, and so felt he needed no protection in battle. Russian Orthodox populations had the right to practice their faith since their incorporation in 1617 after the

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who negotiated away most of the anti-Catholic laws beginning in 1880. Bismarck himself broke with the anti-Catholic Liberals and worked with the Catholic Centre Party to fight Socialism. Pope Leo officially declared the end of the Kulturkampf on 23 May 1887.

6458:, claiming that the pope, like Peter in ancient Christianity, retained an ability to make definitive decisions about official doctrinal disputes over faith and morals. Protestants viewed this as an attempt for the Roman Catholic Church and the pope, who was 7776:

The Japanese murdered Christians and forced girls into prostitution in Timor and Sumba, desecrating sacred vessels and vestments in churches and using the churches as brothels. Javanese girls were brought as prostitutes by the Japanese to Flores and Buru.

10491:. Referring to Kroener, Bernhard R. (1993). "Militärgeschichte des Mittelalters und der frühen Neuzeit bis 1648. Vom Lehnskrieger zum Söldner". In Neugebauer, Karl-Volker (in German). Grundzüge der deutschen Militärgeschichte. 1. Freiburg: Rombach. p. 32. 14867: 6403:. However, Fillmore was not anti-Catholic or nativist; his campaign concentrated almost entirely on national unity. Historian Tyler Anbinder says, "The American party had dropped nativism from its agenda." Fillmore won 22% of the national popular vote. 5198:. The Peep o' Day Boys would conduct early morning raids on Catholic homes to confiscate weapons, which Irish Catholics were forbidden from owning under the Penal Laws. This led to confrontations between them and the Defenders, which culminated in the 9848:, p. 365, University of Michigan Press, 1970: "It seems no exaggeration to insist that the greatest challenge the Nazis had to face was their effort to eradicate Christianity in Germany or at least to subjugate it to their general world outlook." 6431:

educational systems would only bring about further complications. Additionally, combining systems meant leaders on either side would have to give up their authority in dictating the ideas and lessons pushed to the forefront in public education.

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was known as the "Lion from the North". He did prevent the pillaging of Catholic villages of Swedish troops by proclaiming Protestant moral superiority in 1631, while Catholic armies were plundering Saxony. He did not wear any armour during the

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St. Thomas' Church, Wah Cantt, was attacked by a group of armed men on 28 March 2011 which resulted in damages. It is believed that the incident was related to the recent episode of the burning of the Quran by Pastor Terry Jones in the U.S.

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or severely damaged, with another 250 suffering lesser damages. In addition, approximately 151 rectories, 31 monasteries, and 57 cemeteries were destroyed or severely damaged. While another 269 religious buildings were destroyed during the

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eliminated by emigration, expulsion, assassination or not obtaining licenses. It appears that ten states were left without any priests. Other sources indicate that the persecution was such that, by 1935, 17 states had no registered priests.

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are undoubtedly Antichrists. Yet this hinders not, but that the last Pope in this succession will be more eminently the Antichrist, the Man of Sin, adding to that of his predecessors a peculiar degree of wickedness from the bottomless pit."

10317: 6948:. It allowed the Church to operate but did not give back the lands; it proved satisfactory for a century. By 1815 the Papacy supported the growing alliance against Napoleon, and was re-instated as the State Church during the conservative 19486: 5977:, Catholic priests were driven out of the city and following the Dutch takeover, all Catholic churches were converted into Protestant churches. Amsterdam's relationship with the Catholic Church was not normalized until the 20th century. 2027: 9782:

There is no doubt that in the long run Nazi leaders such as Hitler and Himmler intended to eradicate Christianity just as ruthlessly as any other rival ideology, even if in the short term they had to be content to make compromises with

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which was circulating in Colombia during the mid-twentieth century, led to the persecution and killing of Catholics, most specifically, the persecution and killing of members of the Catholic clergy, during the events which are known as

4876:, Henry's daughter, was a devout Catholic. She tried to reverse the Reformation during her five years as Queen (1553-1558), marrying the Catholic king of Spain and executing Protestant leaders. Protestants reviled her as "Bloody Mary". 7305:

entered into an agreement with the Communist authorities, which was signed on 14 February 1950 by the Polish episcopate and the government. The Agreement regulated the matters of the Church in Poland. However, in May of that year, the

7510:(understanding that there is a strong link between religion and nationality), the tsarist authorities were anxious to promote the conversion of these peoples to the official faith, intervening in public education in those regions (an 6111:

and never faced similar persecution. Even after Eastern Orthodoxy was legalized, there remained an extreme anti-Catholic sentiment in Sweden which was widely supported by German nobility and German Protestants in Swedish territories.

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to prohibit Catholics from holding office. The legislature refused, but did pass a law designed to reach the same goal by requiring all office-holders to renounce foreign authorities "in all matters ecclesiastical as well as civil".

6869:, succeeded in reducing the ability of the Catholic Church to work by deporting one archbishop and 150 Spanish priests, by discriminating against Catholics in public life and education and refusing to accept them as members of the 7884:

In 2009, Pakistan is the only country in the world with a "blasphemy law". The constitution also ensures that a non-Muslim cannot become president, prime minister, or any of the 11 senior most government positions in the country.

9801:, p. 240, Univ of Wisconsin Press, 2003: "Had the Nazis won the war their ecclesiastical policies would have gone beyond those of the German Christians, to the utter destruction of both the Protestant and the Catholic Church." 5112:, anti-Catholic feeling in England has abated somewhat. Ecumenical dialogue between Anglicans and Catholics culminated in the first meeting between an Archbishop of Canterbury and a Pope since the Reformation when Archbishop 5806:

sentiments were strong among grassroots party activists. To many Nazis, Catholics were suspected of insufficient patriotism, or even of disloyalty to the Fatherland, and of serving the interests of "sinister alien forces".

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seen as a group effort. In urban areas, public education was more closely monitored and at the forefront of politics since cities saw the largest increases in immigrant population which brought in new children to educate.

5354:. The "scenes of frightened Catholic schoolgirls running a gauntlet of abuse from loyalist protesters as they walked to school captured world headlines". Death threats were made against the parents and school staff by the 6933:. However, most historians believe that the killings constituted a brutal crackdown against political enemies rather than a genocide. The French invasions of Italy (1796–1799) included an assault on Rome and the exile of 5810:

Adolf Hitler had some regard for the organisational power of Catholicism, but towards its teachings he showed nothing but the sharpest hostility, calling them "the systematic cultivation of the human failure": To Hitler,

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in 1919, a culmination of a half-century of anti-liquor agitation, also fueled anti-Catholic sentiment. Prohibition enjoyed strong support among dry pietistic Protestants, and equally strong opposition by wet Catholics,

6173:(Oxford University Press, New ed. 2004). British anti-Catholicism was exported to the United States. Two types of anti-Catholic rhetoric existed in colonial society. The first, which was derived from the heritage of the 10482:

Prinz, Oliver C. (2005) (in German). Der Einfluss von Heeresverfassung und Soldatenbild auf die Entwicklung des Militärstrafrechts. Osnabrücker Schriften zur Rechtsgeschichte. 7. Osnabrück: V&R unipress. pp. 40–41.

8010:, especially those modernist or liberal Catholics who seek to reform Church doctrine, make secularist critiques of the Catholic Church, or place secular principles above Church teachings. Those who take issue with the 7434: 7767:

Japanese soldiers murdered Catholic priests and monks in January 1939 in Hejian and September 1941 in Yuntaishan. Several figures of Catholic Saints and convents and churches were destroyed by Japanese in Hong Kong.

5452:

Protestant elements succeeded in blocking the growth of French-language Catholic public schools. However, the Irish Catholics generally supported the English language position which was advocated by the Protestants.

5093:

The Scandal of Kirkintilloch is not that some Irishmen have lost their lives in a fire; it is that Irish Papists brought up in disloyalty and superstition are engaged in jobs which should belong by right to Scottish

6647:. The goal of anticlericalism is sometimes to reduce religion to a purely private belief-system with no public profile or influence. However, many times it has included outright suppression of all aspects of faith. 4228: 6091:

government positions in the Swedish government. Due to the Austrian emperor winning a lot of great victories before Sweden joined. The war and Swedish successes cemented Protestantism's continued survival in the

7897:

expressed profound sorrow at anti-Christian riots in Pakistan and appealed to everyone to renounce violence and take up again the path of peace. He communicated this message in a telegram to Faisalabad Bishop

6960:(1851–1871) gave it full support. The history of 1789–1871 had established two camps – the left against the Church and the right supporting it – that largely continued until the 4389:

against the state in furtherance of papal interests. Their support of the alien pope led to allegations that they lacked loyalty to the state. In majority Protestant countries which experienced large scale

6585:

came into close contact with Catholic soldiers; they got along well and, after the war, they played a central role in spreading a greater level of ethnic and religious toleration for Catholics among other

5175:, even though some 90% of Ireland's population was native Irish Catholic when the first of these bans was introduced in 1691. Tensions between Irish Catholics and Protestants have been blamed for much of " 9532: 8081:

Catholic intellectuals, senior clergy, and prominent families. Governments unsuccessfully attempted to replace all of those schools, but there were far too few non-clerical teachers who were suitable.

6038:. At first, there were multiple restrictions on the practice of Catholicism by Norwegians and only foreign citizens were freely allowed to practice it. The first post-reformation parish was founded in 5490:

Catholic convicts were compelled to attend Church of England services and their children and orphans were raised as Anglicans. The first Catholic priests to arrive came as convicts following the Irish

6547:, the Democratic nominee for president in 1928. Smith did very well in Catholic precincts, but he did poorly in the South relative to previous Democratic presidential candidates, as well as among the 5718:

Unification into the German Empire in 1871 saw a country with a Protestant majority and large Catholic minority, speaking German or Polish. Anti-Catholicism was common. The powerful German Chancellor

16023: 15307: 13610: 7204:

laundering. According to their reports, significant sums were discovered in various Church facilities, and there were allegations of illegal withdrawals from bank accounts that were legally frozen.

7553:. However, the largest Chetnik massacres took place in eastern Bosnia, where they preceded significant Ustashe operations. Croats (and Muslims) who lived in areas that were intended to be parts of 7197:

bullet wounds, after the hospitals had been ordered not to help them. "During those days, the people on our church benches were not listening to the Gospel, they were living it", said the priest.

7744:. However, many Catholics do not accept State control of the Church and as a result, they worship clandestinely. There has been some rapprochement between the Chinese government and the Vatican. 6492:

future": it would not be between North and South, but will be between "patriotism and intelligence on the one side and superstition, ambition and ignorance on the other." According to historian

6272:, were fleeing religious persecution by the Church of England, much of early American religious culture exhibited the more extreme anti-Catholic bias of these Protestant denominations. Monsignor 44:, a German immigrant to the United States who had been raised as a Catholic. It portrays bishops as crocodiles who are attacking public schools, with the connivance of Irish Catholic politicians. 6659:, continually attacked the Catholic Church, both its leadership and its priests, claiming that many of its clergy were morally corrupt. These assaults in part led to the suppression of the 5325:. The Holy Cross school, a Catholic primary school for girls, is situated in the middle of a Protestant area. In June 2001—during the last week of school before the summer break—Protestant 4270: 19460: 1993: 8089:. The Church lost its best educational system, its best missionary system, and its most innovative thinkers. Intellectually, it would take two centuries for the Church to fully recover. 7557:

were supposed to be cleansed of non-Serbs, in accordance with Mihailović's directive of 20 December 1941. About 300 villages and small towns were destroyed, along with a large number of

10500:

Kuosa, Tauno (1963). Jokamiehen Suomen historia II. Sata sotaista vuotta ("Everyman's Finnish History II: Hundred Warlike Years"). Helsinki: Werner Söderström Publishing Ltd.. (Finnish)

7021:

and then blocking them from all future promotions. Exposure of the policy in the National Assembly by the opposition almost caused the government to fall; instead Emile Combes retired.

5022:, which lasted from 1793 until 1815, saw the rise of anti-Catholicism as an underlying method to unify the Protestant populations of England, Scotland and Wales. Permeating through all 17196: 17033: 7549:. Along with mass murder, the Ustashe conducted religious persecution of Serbs that included a policy of forced conversion from Eastern Orthodoxy to Roman Catholicism, often with the 9520: 6395:

of 1854–1856. It had considerable success in local and state elections in 1854–55 by emphasizing nativism and warning against Catholics and immigrants. It nominated former president

5776:

despised the Church even though he had been brought up in a Catholic home. The long-term aim of many Nazis was the de-Christianization of Germany and the establishment of a form of

10321: 6281:, inhabiting, or which shall inhabit or be resident within, such Province or Territory". Historians have only identified one Catholic who lived in colonial Boston – 13780: 9891:, p. 147, Rowman & Littlefield, 2007: "Consequently, it was Hitler's long range goal to eliminate the churches once he had consolidated control over his European empire." 7430: 5135:

every 5 November. However, this celebration has lost most of its anti-Catholic connotations. According to Clive D. Field, only faint remnants of anti-Catholicism are found today.

14076: 5869:

with the Holy See, which prohibited clergy from participating in politics. Hitler then proceeded to close all Catholic institutions whose functions were not strictly religious:

6423:. Major disputes erupted because the Catholic church did not want their youth to be educated under Protestant ideologies, as most public schools read Bible hymns and utilized 5424: 13643: 5298:

interrupted councillor Ethel Smyth when she said she regretted the death of Sean Downes, a 24-year-old Catholic civilian who had been killed by a plastic bullet fired by the

8028: 7200:

In 2023, the country was scored 2 out of 4 for religious freedom. In the same year, the country was ranked as the 50th most difficult place in the world to be a Christian.

7969:-influenced government took over 600 parish schools in 1960 without compensation and secularized them. Attempts were made by future governments to restore some autonomy. 14182: 11855: 11806: 10714: 13325: 5586:

While older sectarian divides declined, commentators have observed a re-emergence of anti-Catholicism in Australia in recent decades amid rising secularism and broader

12256:"Emile Combes who boasted of taking office for the sole purpose of destroying the religious orders. He closed thousands of what were not then called 'faith schools'" 12079: 10600: 6488:

partially vitiated these amendments, when they ruled that vouchers were constitutional if tax dollars followed a child to a school even if the school were religious.

6368:. The resulting "nativist" movement, which achieved prominence in the 1840s, was whipped into a frenzy of anti-Catholicism that led to mob violence, most notably the 16788: 16085: 15480: 6672: 4263: 3367: 14158: 5227:

do in order to succeed and prosper in society. The laws had largely been reformed by 1793, and in 1829, Irish Catholics could again sit in parliament following the

19949: 18203: 15039: 14011: 3202: 2496: 13537: 11880: 7386:. In June 1973, 55% of Swiss voters approved removing the ban on the Jesuits (as well as Article 52 which banned monasteries and convents from Switzerland). (See 10551: 8587: 6574:, and German Lutherans. The drys focused their distrust on the Catholics who showed little popular support for the enforcement of prohibition laws, and when the 6169: 5247:. Though Catholics were a majority on the island of Ireland, comprising 74% of the population in 1911, they were a third of the population in Northern Ireland. 19005: 16818: 15669: 6566: 1530: 853: 12692: 4382:

and Protestant countries). Historian John Wolffe identifies four types of anti-Catholicism: constitutional-national, theological, popular and socio-cultural.

15998: 15629: 15624: 14058: 10272: 7546: 7207:

In March 2022, Nicaragua withdrew its approval of Archbishop Waldemar Stanislaw Sommertag, Apostolic Nuncio in Managua and ordered him to leave the country.

6984: 5849:(forbidden books list of the Church) for scorning and rejecting "all dogmas of the Catholic Church, indeed the very fundamentals of the Christian religion". 4461:

in 1789, anti-clerical forces gained strength in some primarily Catholic nations, such as France, Spain, Mexico, and certain regions of Italy (especially in

13602: 12716: 9835:, p. 123, Scarecrow Press, 2010: "The objective was to either destroy Christianity and restore the German gods of antiquity or to turn Jesus into an Aryan." 6766:

was the name given to the crisis when Freemasons in the Brazilian government imprisoned two Catholic bishops for enforcing the Church's prohibition against

5865:, which ceased to exist in early July 1933. Vice Chancellor Papen meanwhile, amid continuing molestation of Catholic clergy and organisations, negotiated a 18123: 15057:(Stanford University Press; 2013) 376 pages; how Jewish intellectuals defined themselves as modern against the anti-modern positions of the Catholic Church 4256: 15253: 12511:

Ridgeway, Stan (2001). "Monoculture, Monopoly, and the Mexican Revolution: Tomáás Garrido Canabal and the Standard Fruit Company in Tabasco (1920–1935)".

10656: 10655:, Publisher: Boston, in New-England: Printed by S. Kneeland, by Order of His Excellency the Governor, Council and House of Representatives, (1759), p. 9. 5923:

By 1937, the Church hierarchy in Germany, which had initially attempted to co-operate with the new government, had become highly disillusioned. In March,

19213: 17221: 15346: 12110:

Williford, Thomas J. Armando los espiritus: Political Rhetoric in Colombia on the Eve of La Violencia, 1930–1945 pp. 217–278 (Vanderbilt University 2005)

6147: 6046:

most of the restrictions on the practice of non-Lutheran Christianity were lifted, and Catholics were now allowed to freely practice their religion, but

4002: 1746: 218: 20524: 15704: 15502: 5755: 3549: 9060:

Kenny, Stephen (2002). "A Prejudice that Rarely Utters Its Name: A Historiographical and Historical Reflection upon North American Anti-Catholicism".

6905:(1789–1795), the clergy and the laity were persecuted and Church property was confiscated and destroyed by the new government as part of a process of 5131:

Anti-Catholicism in Britain was long represented by the burning of an effigy of the Catholic conspirator Guy Fawkes during widespread celebrations of

5045:

Catholics in Ireland gained the right to vote in the 1790s but they were politically inert for another three decades. Finally, they were mobilized by

20344: 19727: 17688: 15535: 7498:, suffered great persecution not only because of their ethnic-national background, but also for religious reasons. Especially after the uprisings of 3722: 2907: 2268: 17: 14853:

Pinheiro, John C. "" Extending the light and blessings of our purer faith": Anti-Catholic sentiment among American soldiers in the US-Mexican war."

19164: 16474: 15739: 12861:

de la Cueva, Julio. "Religious Persecution, Anticlerical Tradition and Revolution: On Atrocities against the Clergy during the Spanish Civil War".

10990: 9749:, Rutgers Journal of Law and Religion, Winter 2001, publishing evidence compiled by the O.S.S. for the Nuremberg war-crimes trials of 1945 and 1946 9605: 7132:

of 1926–1929 in which some 50,000 peasants took up arms against the government. Their slogan was "¡Viva Cristo Rey!" (Long live Christ the King!).

5556: 5503: 3907: 3882: 3097: 3039: 1697: 233: 9859: 7858:. They set ablaze six Christian houses and injured three Christians, including an 11-year-old boy, who was in critical condition in the hospital. 6911:, the aims of which were the destruction of Catholic practices and the destruction of the very faith itself, culminating in the imposition of the 5206:

would denounce the actions of the Peep o' Day Boys, further anti-Catholic violence would continue to erupt in Ireland in the years leading up the

18009: 16403: 16398: 16160: 16013: 15457: 14846:

Pagliarini, Marie Anne. "The pure American woman and the wicked Catholic priest: An analysis of anti-Catholic literature in antebellum America."

12766: 9742: 7219:, at least 46 priests were under arrest at some point in Nicaragua in 2023. Many of these priests ended up being exiled at the beginning of 2024. 6454:

The First Vatican Council convened in 1869 and caused another rift to form between Catholics and Protestants. The Council passed the doctrine of

4537:. Caption reads: "Don't frighten us Pope, with your ban, and don't be such a furious man. Otherwise we shall turn around and show you our rears". 3107: 739: 276: 272: 11955: 11292: 9285: 7893:, vandalizing and looting houses and causing the deaths of eight people and injuries to many others. Fifty Christian homes were destroyed. Pope 19085: 15391: 15085:

Palko, Olena. "Between Moscow, Warsaw and the Holy See: The Case of Father Andrzej Fedukowicz Amidst the Early Soviet Anti-Catholic Campaign."

7286:, a Pole of German descent. Between 1939 and 1945, 2,935 members of the Polish clergy (18%) were killed in concentration camps. In the city of 1610: 11905: 7550: 6277:

October 7, 1691, decreed "that forever hereafter there shall be liberty of conscience allowed in the worship of God to all Christians, except

18401: 18188: 17191: 16528: 16180: 15664: 15401: 14134: 11930: 8231: 6151: 4730: 3132: 719: 13753: 13726: 9933:

Peter Hoffmann; The History of the German Resistance 1933-1945; 3rd Edn (First English Edn); McDonald & Jane's; London; 1977; p. 14

19732: 17071: 15993: 15988: 15709: 15302:

Xuliang, Sun. "Espionage, Adultery, and Witchcraft: Rumor and Imagination Transplant in the Anti-Catholic Persecution of Late Ming China."

12739: 7689: 6476:

In 1875, another attempt at limiting Catholic funding came about in the form of the Blaine Amendment. It was brought into the courts after

6082:. The executions were partially motivated by the Polish invasion of Sweden and a threat of a potential Catholic takeover under Polish king 5943: 5785:

not tolerate the intervention of foreign influences such as the Pope and "Priests, he said, were 'black bugs', 'abortions in black cassocks

5612:

first arrived in New Zealand in 1769, and the Church has had a continuous presence in the country from the time of permanent settlement by

5548: 5042:' helped transform Great Britain from a new and largely artificial polity into a nation with a strong self-image rooted in Protestantism." 2273: 823: 14609:

The Mexican Reformation: Catholic Pluralism, Enlightenment Religion, and the Iglesia de Jesus Movement in Benito Juarez's Mexico (1859–72)

5049:

into majorities in most of the Irish parliamentary districts. They could only elect, but Catholics could not be seated in parliament. The

19702: 19306: 18843: 17740: 17483: 17021: 16255: 13799: 13042:

Weeks, Theodore (2001). "Religion and Russification: Russian Language in the Catholic Churches of the "Northwest Provinces" after 1863".

12231: 10521:^ Alwall, Jonas (2003). "Muslimerna och religionsfriheten". i Ingvar Svanberg & David Westerlund. Blågul islam? Muslimer i Sverige. 9503: 8181: 5258:, said, "Since we took up office we have tried to be absolutely fair towards all the citizens of Northern Ireland... They still boast of 3302: 3112: 2243: 1839: 1362: 1031: 15550: 15472: 14998:

Drury, Marjule Anne (2001). "Anti-Catholicism in Germany, Britain, and the United States: A review and critique of recent scholarship".

14646:

Drury, Marjule Anne (2001). "Anti-Catholicism in Germany, Britain, and the United States: A review and critique of recent scholarship".

11658: 11632: 10693:

Elizabeth Fenton, "Birth of a Protestant nation: Catholic Canadians, religious pluralism, and national unity in the early US Republic."

8425:"Nicht Bapst: nicht schreck uns mit deim ban, Und sey nicht so zorniger man. Wir thun sonst ein gegen wehre, Und zeigen dirs Bel vedere" 7854:

The Catholic Church continues to be persecuted. As recently as April 2009 armed men attacked a group of Christians in Taiser Town, near

7259:

invasion of the country and its subsequent annexation into Germany. Over 3 million Catholics of Polish descent were murdered during the

18990: 18396: 17425: 17328: 16431: 16238: 14617:

Davis, David Brion (1960). "Some Themes of Counter-subversion: An Analysis of Anti-Masonic, Anti-Catholic and Anti-Mormon Literature".

5839: 5583:; and it continues to be so in the 21st century, although it still has fewer members than do the various Protestant churches combined. 5306:

in 1984. McCrea shouted, "No. No. I'll not condemn the death of John Downes . No Fenian. Never. No". In Northern Ireland and Scotland,

1515: 985: 882: 11117: 7482: 7057:

In the Napoleonic era, anti-clericalism was a powerful political force. From 1860 through 1870, the new Italian government, under the

6622:; in states including Illinois and Florida. Many of these acts are tied to other political movements, the most notable of them is the 6578:

began in 1929, there was increasing sentiment that the government needed the tax revenue which the repeal of Prohibition would bring.

6562:. His cause was uphill in any case, because he faced a popular Republican leadership in a year of peace and unprecedented prosperity. 20514: 18361: 18223: 17141: 15744: 15260:

McCarthy, Scott Denis. "Popery, Politics, and Prejudice: Anti-Catholic Sentiment during Australia’s Great War Conscription Debates."

9140: 8119:

is particularly rich in this regard. Lustful priests, cruel abbesses, immured nuns, and sadistic inquisitors appear in such works as

7352:

resulted in the killing of almost 7,000 clergy, the destruction of hundreds of churches and the persecution of lay people in Spain's

5702: 5658: 788: 753: 665: 656: 11606: 10073:

Theodore S. Hamerow; On the Road to the Wolf's Lair – German Resistance to Hitler; Belknap Press of Harvard University Press; 1997;

9956:

Theodore S. Hamerow; On the Road to the Wolf's Lair – German Resistance to Hitler; Belknap Press of Harvard University Press; 1997;

9916:

Theodore S. Hamerow; On the Road to the Wolf's Lair – German Resistance to Hitler; Belknap Press of Harvard University Press; 1997;

8569: 8002:

The term "anti-Catholic Catholic" has come to be applied to Catholics who are perceived to view the Catholic Church with animosity.

6759:

Brazil has the largest number of Catholics in the world, and as a result, it has not experienced any large anti-Catholic movements.

4653:

in order to discredit the Papacy and lead other Christians to recognize the Pope as the Antichrist. The fifth round of talks in the

18925: 18813: 18556: 16736: 16155: 16050: 14583:

Brown, Thomas M. "The Image of the Beast: Anti-Papal Rhetoric in Colonial America", in Richard O. Curry and Thomas M. Brown, eds.,

13633: 11830: 8098: 7922: 6400: 6143: 5666: 5270: 5054: 4776:, inspired the Protestants with uncommon veneration for so useful an ally." Protestants condemned the Catholic policy of mandatory 4748: 1444: 1332: 586: 517: 388: 320: 169: 8998:

Bernard Aspinwall, "Rev. Alessandro Gavazzi (1808–1889) and Scottish Identity: A Chapter in Nineteenth Century Anti-Catholicism."

7908:

The situation in Pakistan deteriorated to such an extent that by 2013 large numbers of Christians started to seek asylum overseas.

18308: 17402: 16135: 15339: 11733: 8508: 8451: 8316: 8186: 7790: 7407: 5986: 5292: 13355: 12439: 12270: 7873:

has said, urging the Pakistani president and prime minister to intervene. The government has recently allowed the imposition of

7750:

have reportedly been persecuted in both official and unsanctioned churches. In 2018, the Associated Press reported that China's

20445: 19169: 18935: 18763: 18748: 18743: 18589: 16636: 16631: 16105: 15512: 12063: 10581: 8732:

Marjule Anne Drury, "Anti-Catholicism in Germany, Britain, and the United States: A Review and Critique of Recent Scholarship"

8206: 7741: 5686: 5065:; that is, they were freed from most of the penalties and restrictions they faced. Anti-Catholic attitudes continued, however. 4809: 3997: 3937: 3008: 1702: 1454: 1282: 1267: 1262: 1092: 611: 576: 453: 383: 329: 14190: 13333: 13265: 12419: 10711: 7486:

Expulsion of the Imperial Russian envoy Felix von Meyendorff to the Holy See by Pope Pius IX for insulting the Catholic faith.

20473: 19064: 18995: 18728: 18340: 18288: 16920: 16165: 16140: 16060: 15134: 14952: 14887: 14774: 14700:

Henry, David. "Senator John F. Kennedy Encounters the Religious Question: I Am Not the Catholic Candidate for President." in

14516: 14474: 14449: 14427: 14345: 14227: 13308: 13186: 13159: 13026: 12995: 12970: 12938: 12832: 12473: 12449: 12395: 12241: 12175: 12048: 11529: 11472: 11426: 11393: 11373: 11353: 11018: 10940: 10878: 10760: 10678: 10561: 10467: 10442: 10415: 10388: 10362: 10287: 10255: 10234: 10217: 10187: 10061: 9869: 9775: 9424: 9380: 9355: 8879: 8854: 8643: 8616: 8492: 8461: 8405: 8379: 8326: 8279: 7182:(ACN) considering Nicaragua the country of most concern regarding persecution of the Church in all of Latin America in 2022. 6332: 6133: 4979: 4912:

Assassination plots in which Catholics were prime movers fueled anti-Catholicism in England. These plots included the famous

4827: 4040: 1589: 1520: 1247: 877: 14252: 13466: 11708: 9562: 9330:

Stephen A. Chavura and Ian Tregenza. "A Political History of the Secular in Australia, 1788–1945." in Timothy Stanley, ed.,

7760:

Japanese soldiers murdered the French Canadian Jesuit Catholic priests Armand Lalonde, Alphonse Dubé and Prosper Bernard in

7340:, who was born in Poland as Karol Wojtyla, often cited the persecution of Polish Catholics in his stance against Communism. 6124:

reform. Catholics could not become a minister of the Swedish government or work as teachers or nurses in Sweden until 1951.

20499: 19508: 18818: 18640: 18278: 18014: 16532: 16467: 16175: 16150: 16130: 16100: 16055: 15724: 13377: 12596: 8226: 6929:, and when the state was victorious, it killed tens of thousands of Catholics. A few historians have called the killings a 6139: 4815: 4223: 3877: 3032: 2049: 1337: 1151: 12899: 8828: 5669:

from 2016 to 2017, was the fifth and most recent. Probably the most notable of New Zealand's Catholic prime ministers was

4386: 20154: 19824: 19737: 19628: 19296: 19116: 18753: 18738: 18318: 18148: 17056: 16803: 16200: 16170: 10510: 8248: 8023: 7073:, closed down their monasteries and confiscated their property, and imprisoned or banished bishops who opposed this (see 6594:

became the first Catholic U.S. president, traces of it persist in both the media and popular culture. In March 2000, the

6070:, conversions to Catholicism were punished with fines or imprisonment and in exceptional cases, death. Sweden during the 3513: 2709: 2365: 2278: 2169: 1829: 1647: 1272: 1257: 729: 498: 423: 253: 198: 14817: 8536: 7128:, prompted the Mexican Episcopate to suspend all Catholic worship in Mexico from August 1, 1926, and sparked the bloody 5120:

Conflict and rivalry between Catholicism and Protestantism since the 1920s, especially since the 1960s, has centered on

19722: 19196: 17977: 17474: 17083: 16808: 16421: 16328: 16210: 16190: 16185: 16080: 15525: 15462: 15434: 15332: 15233: 14814:

The Religious Factor in the 1960 Presidential election: an analysis of the Kennedy victory over anti-Catholic prejudice

13884: 13763: 13736: 12572: 12000: 9440:

Gilbert, Alan D. (1971). "Protestants, Catholics and Loyalty: An Aspect of the Conscription Controversies, 1916–1917".

9236: 9215:

Jack Cecillon, "Turbulent Times in the Diocese of London: Bishop Fallon and the French-Language Controversy, 1910–18".

7608: 7545:, who were mostly Roman Catholic. The terror tactics against the Croats were, to at least an extent, a reaction to the 7528: 7163: 5956: 5722: – a devout Lutheran – forged an alliance with secular liberals in 1871–1878 to launch a 5402: 5255: 5168: 5023: 4007: 2263: 1729: 468: 443: 338: 228: 13603:"Asia is 'new hotbed of Christian persecution' with situation in China worst since Cultural Revolution, report claims" 12024: 5574:

During the 1950s, the split in the Australian Labor Party between allies and opponents of the Catholic anti-Communist

5533:, the act established legal equality for Anglicans, Catholics and Presbyterians and was later extended to Methodists. 20519: 20504: 19370: 19201: 18692: 18670: 17960: 17562: 17209: 17043: 16494: 16115: 16110: 15734: 15216:

An, Hengshi. "The Impact of the Finalization of the China-Holy See Deal in 2018 to the Catholic Community in China."

10526: 10488: 10154: 10078: 9961: 9921: 9727: 8552: 8191: 7847: 7679: 7562: 6793:) in the country, anti-Catholicism has gained strength. A pivotal moment during the rise of anti-Catholicism was the 6473:

in New York City in 1871 and 1872, Irish Catholics violently attacked Irish Protestants, who carried orange banners.

5409:, priests, nunneries, etc. Irish Protestants remained a political force until the 20th century. Many belonged to the 4490: 4335: 1903: 1734: 1203: 1181: 887: 793: 606: 546: 503: 483: 408: 353: 348: 243: 213: 111: 14485: 13728:

A Call to Mission - A History of the Jesuits in China 1842-1954: Volume 2: The Wider European and American Adventure

13395: 11545: 10131:

William L. Shirer; The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich; Secker & Warburg; London; 1960; pp. 234–235.

6115:

Only in 1781 did Catholics have the right to worship once again in Sweden, the latest of all major religions except

5194:, a period of intense sectarian conflict during the 1780's and 1790's between the Peep o' Day Boys and the Catholic 5186:, an agrarian association composed of Irish Protestants, engaged in numerous acts of anti-Catholic violence through 20107: 19944: 19844: 19301: 19191: 18474: 18022: 17775: 17720: 17585: 17320: 17316: 17061: 16846: 16793: 16343: 14782:

McGreevy, John T (1997). "Thinking on One's Own: Catholicism in the American Intellectual Imagination, 1928–1960".

14751:

Hostetler; Michael J. "Gov. Al Smith Confronts the Catholic Question: The Rhetorical Legacy of the 1928 Campaign,"

8948: 8243: 8007: 7357: 6571: 6559: 5751: 5609: 4739: 4295: 3456: 2662: 2491: 2385: 1834: 1724: 865: 762: 473: 463: 398: 30: 14062: 13983: 13493:

Life among the Chinese: with characteristic sketches and incidents of missionary operations and prospects in China

13266:"Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Croatia vs. Yugoslavia)" 11757: 9012:

Horner, Dan (2011). "'Shame upon you as men!': Contesting Authority in the Aftermath of Montreal's Gavazzi Riot".

7829:

during the 1630s. After the rebellion was crushed, Catholicism was further suppressed and many Japanese Catholics

6003: 5277:

Orange Hall, "All the minority are traitors and have always been traitors to the Government of Northern Ireland."

4402:, suspicion of Catholic immigrants and/or discrimination against them frequently overlapped or was conflated with 19697: 19208: 18965: 18768: 18483: 17825: 17800: 17765: 17760: 17725: 17605: 17204: 17088: 16678: 16641: 16524: 16504: 16460: 16070: 15520: 13866: 10293: 7701: 7657:

says that the bodies of several members of the Church of the Transfiguration were found in a mass grave in 2014.

7598: 7175: 7011: 6778: 5413:, an anti-Catholic organization with chapters across Canada that was most powerful during the late 19th century. 4064: 4027: 3025: 2238: 1741: 1492: 1287: 1024: 828: 641: 636: 561: 488: 448: 428: 418: 368: 315: 295: 263: 208: 193: 14488:[Robbery and Terror of Dinara Chetnik Division in the Krivi Put Region on 28th and 29th December 1944]. 12205:

Christianity in a Revolutionary Age. Vol. I: The 19th Century in Europe; Background and the Roman Catholic Phase

11781: 7675: 7565:

were killed by Chetniks throughout the war. A number of Catholic nuns were also raped and killed, including the

7263:, including 3 bishops, 52 priests, 26 monks, 3 seminarians, 8 nuns and 9 lay people, later beatified in 1999 by 7117:

the right of religious organizations to hold property. Article 130 deprived clergy members of political rights.

7105:

issued a decree nationalizing Church properties, separating Church and State, and suppressing religious orders.

6419:

remain separate, though, since public education tended to have Biblical influence from the Protestant Christian

6377:

evangelical Protestant leadership, which rallied its support in Philadelphia and nationwide. Montgomery states:

5099:

The Kirkintilloch sensation again reminds the People of Scotland that Rome's Irish Scum still over-run our land.

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in 1840, which formalised New Zealand's status as a British colony and instigated substantial immigration from

5244: 5062: 4666: 4654: 4153: 4017: 3732: 3702: 3157: 1347: 978: 709: 674: 651: 621: 596: 591: 566: 556: 551: 541: 536: 531: 526: 508: 433: 343: 300: 248: 203: 178: 160: 96: 18970: 13441: 11682: 11273: 10830:""Saving the West from the Pope": Anti-Catholic Propaganda and the Settlement of the Mississippi River Valley" 9473:. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University – via Australian Dictionary of Biography. 9402:. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University – via Australian Dictionary of Biography. 5947:

leaders, exiling its clergymen, closing its churches, monasteries and convents. Many clergymen were murdered.

1497: 833: 20376: 20092: 18808: 17795: 17785: 17111: 16982: 16880: 16577: 15582: 15295: 15153:

Wiener, Carol Z. (1971). "The Beleaguered Isle. A Study of Elizabethan and Early Jacobean Anti-Catholicism".

14602: 14371: 14044: 13997: 12645: 12620: 10894:

Montgomery, David (1972). "The Shuttle and the Cross: Weavers and Artisans in the Kensington Riots of 1844".

9155:"'Of course it's suspicious': 2 more Catholic churches burn in B.C.'s Southern Interior | Globalnews.ca" 9122: 8121: 7737: 7671: 6949: 6797:

episode in 1995. However, owing to the protests of the Catholic majority, the perpetrator was transferred to

6627: 5833: 5650: 5397: 4592: 4478: 4193: 3955: 3488: 2939: 2647: 1327: 934: 704: 699: 694: 646: 631: 626: 616: 581: 571: 493: 478: 458: 378: 363: 358: 310: 305: 290: 285: 183: 9107:

J. R. Miller, "'As a Politician He is a Great Enigma': The Social and Political Ideas of D'Alton McCarthy."

6700: 19655: 19603: 18579: 18549: 18376: 18347: 18330: 18238: 17850: 17815: 17805: 17383: 17364: 17226: 16977: 16890: 14159:"SOutKast's Korea: Priests and lay people arrested for protesting against new military base on Jeju Island" 12064:

IBGE – Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (Brazilian Institute for Geography and Statistics).

7951: 7618: 7573: 6373: 6256: 6160: 4367: 4070: 3697: 3242: 2196: 2144: 1082: 778: 744: 734: 724: 679: 601: 438: 403: 393: 373: 258: 238: 188: 15170:

Wolffe, John (2013). "North Atlantic Anti-Catholicism in the Nineteenth Century: A Comparative Overview".

14920:

Wolffe, John (2013). "North Atlantic Anti-Catholicism in the Nineteenth Century: A Comparative Overview".

4920:

and other conspirators plotted to blow up the English Parliament while it was in session. The fictitious "

3426: 20287: 20139: 19558: 19159: 19105: 18386: 17136: 17004: 16873: 8045: 7939: 7938:

Catholic priests and nuns have been arrested and harassed for protesting against the construction of the

7810: 7268: 6837: 6805: 6485: 6098: 5845: 5564: 5560: 5295: 5003: 4986:, head of the Protestant Association, warned that the law would enable Catholics who were serving in the 4975: 4823: 4218: 4078: 3742: 2850: 2694: 2099: 1692: 1630: 995: 798: 714: 689: 684: 413: 223: 14280: 5391:

left 10 dead in Quebec in the wake of Catholic Irish protests against anti-Catholic speeches by ex-monk

3692: 20396: 19181: 18863: 18594: 18303: 18101: 17755: 17407: 17373: 17332: 16358: 16318: 16145: 15442: 15048:

The war against Catholicism: liberalism and the anti-Catholic imagination in nineteenth-century Germany

13946: 13909: 13588: 11979: 9996: 9978: 9702:

The War against Catholicism: Liberalism and the Anti-Catholic Imagination in Nineteenth-Century Germany

9655:

The war against Catholicism: Liberalism and the anti-Catholic imagination in nineteenth-century Germany

9168:

Prang, Margaret (1960). "Clerics, Politicians, and the Bilingual Schools Issue in Ontario, 1910–1917".

9154: 7982: 7594: 7534: 7174:. As of November 2022, 11 Catholic priests remained in custody, most of which for political offences. 7170:

In recent years the Catholic Church has experienced persecution at the hands of the Government, led by

7140: 6427:, which featured Biblical passages teaching moral lessons to students from a Protestant point of view. 6369: 6210:

in particular. These positions were brought to New England by English colonists who were predominantly

5997: 5858: 5765: 5262:

being a Catholic State. All I boast of is that we are a Protestant Parliament and a Protestant State."

5086: 4819: 4470: 4173: 3431: 3421: 2959: 1714: 1382: 1097: 1017: 116: 12680: 9739: 5969:

led to the formation of a majority Protestant country in which the dominant form of Protestantism was

20509: 20494: 19749: 19563: 19465: 19350: 19012: 18980: 18650: 18584: 18493: 18439: 18110: 18060: 17750: 17705: 16813: 16298: 16288: 15679: 15530: 15358: 12848: 12094:"Traficantes usam pandemia para criar 'Complexo de Israel' unindo cinco favelas na Zona Norte do Rio" 10037: 9289: 8238: 7978: 7465: 7216: 7179: 6953: 6922: 6890: 6821: 6742: 6231: 6119:

that was legalized in the same era, even though Judaism had already been in practice tolerated since

5580: 5552: 5541: 5437: 5351: 5299: 5288: 5117:

in Britain, thanks to the immigration of Irish and more recently, the immigration of Polish workers.

5015: 4837: 3493: 3335: 3092: 3065: 2290: 2104: 1998: 1883: 1537: 1507: 1161: 1087: 899: 843: 15324: 14094: 12546: 12149: 10777: 9728:

Word for Word/The Case Against the Nazis; How Hitler's Forces Planned To Destroy German Christianity

7124:'s strict enforcement of previous anti-clerical legislation denying priests' rights, enacted as the 6975:

became Minister of the Interior, and the main energy of the government was devoted to furthering an

6873:. The subsequent flight of 300,000 Cubans from the island also helped to diminish the Church there. 5061:

reversed themselves to prevent massive violence. All Catholics in Britain were "emancipated" in the

4909:

Acts, which made worship in the Anglican Church a legal obligation, date back to Elizabeth's reign.

20009: 19897: 19744: 19513: 19450: 19278: 19233: 19095: 18975: 18957: 18893: 18823: 18707: 18523: 18459: 18381: 18352: 17972: 17967: 17845: 17745: 17730: 17715: 17557: 17378: 17268: 17186: 17010: 16987: 16938: 16611: 16323: 16248: 16228: 16195: 15639: 15424: 15363: 15290:

Strate, Shane. "An uncivil state of affairs: Fascism and anti-Catholicism in Thailand, 1940–1944."

15281:

Reinders, Eric. "The Unbowed Foreigner: Postural Identities of Buddhists and Christians in China."

12080:"Traficante evangélico cria "Complexo de Israel" em favelas do Rio e ataca católicos e umbandistas" 11576: 9947:

Ian Kershaw; Hitler a Biography; 2008 Edn; WW Norton & Company; London; pp. 381–382.

9861:

Prelude to calamity: the Nazi revolution, 1933–35: with a background survey of the Weimar era

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in the United States. The anti-Catholic sentiment which resulted from this trend frequently led to

4339: 3922: 3747: 3646: 3382: 3137: 3102: 2556: 2444: 2285: 2054: 1983: 1811: 1766: 1620: 1502: 1482: 1412: 1342: 1218: 990: 848: 838: 71: 15968: 15963: 12811:

John S. Conway, "The Nazi Persecution of the Churches, 1933–1945", Regent College Publishing, 1997

10434:

Amplifying Islam in the European Soundscape: Religious Pluralism and Secularism in the Netherlands

10149:

John S. Conway; The Nazi Persecution of the Churches, 1933–1945; Regent College Publishing; 2001;

10022: 9485: 7456:

and it further worsened relations and increased enmity between Eastern Orthodoxy and Catholicism.

7121: 6663:, and played a major part in the wholesale attacks on the very existence of the Church during the 36: 20463: 20292: 20272: 20134: 20124: 20082: 19712: 19553: 19415: 19385: 19380: 19323: 19258: 19243: 19176: 19149: 19134: 18542: 18444: 18076: 18037: 18004: 17450: 17430: 17298: 17176: 17126: 16905: 16706: 16646: 16260: 16205: 15729: 14486:"Pljačka i teror Dinarske četničke divizije na području općine Krivi put 28. i 29. prosinca 1944" 14367: 13638: 12257: 9715:

The Failure of Bismarck's Kulturkampf: Catholicism and State Power in Imperial Germany, 1871–1887

8201: 8003: 7622: 7511: 7469: 7422: 7394: 7145: 7082: 7050: 6925:. The persecution led Catholics who lived in the west of France to wage a counterrevolution, the 6870: 6391:

The nativist movement found expression in a national political movement called the "American" or

6178: 6159:

described anti-Catholicism as "the most luxuriant, tenacious tradition of paranoiac agitation in

6156: 5824: 5629: 5515: 5461: 5207: 5156: 4948: 4753: 4673:

but even saints had called the bishop of Rome the "Antichrist" when they wished to castigate his

4549: 4526: 4423: 3626: 2855: 2835: 2689: 2679: 2637: 2253: 2094: 1948: 1918: 1913: 1856: 1791: 1776: 1709: 1682: 1667: 1048: 19360: 14183:"Jeju Island Naval Base – A Threat to the South Korean Island of World Peace | Columban Fathers" 13018: 13012: 12669: 7301:

ideology claimed that the Church and religion in general were about to disintegrate. Initially,

7242: 5853:

schools, youth groups, workers' clubs and cultural societies. Hitler moved quickly to eliminate

5707: 4928:

was a hoax that many Protestants believed to be true, exacerbating Anglican-Catholic relations.

3377: 1893: 20391: 20364: 20354: 19834: 19814: 19677: 19548: 19445: 19395: 19365: 19345: 19273: 19253: 19228: 19223: 19218: 19129: 19100: 19073: 19044: 19039: 18635: 18625: 18513: 18454: 18449: 18083: 17889: 17810: 17735: 17615: 17293: 17181: 17121: 16798: 16686: 15699: 15654: 15248:

Fowler, Colin. "Anti-Catholic polemic at the origins of Australia's first Catholic newspaper."

14257: 11464: 11418: 11300: 10806: 10650: 8136: 7730: 7683: 7630: 7473: 7453: 7113: 7014: 6817: 6383: 6190: 6007: 5820: 5567:. The Anglicans in particular talked of Catholic "disloyalty". By the 1920s, Australia had its 5219: 5164: 4735: 4681: 4670: 4504: 4431: 4379: 4083: 4057: 4012: 3687: 3616: 3282: 3177: 2954: 2927: 2917: 2375: 2355: 2218: 2089: 1978: 1928: 1898: 1878: 1806: 1786: 1761: 1756: 1751: 1662: 1625: 1598: 1569: 1564: 1146: 1136: 966: 929: 914: 14942: 14767:

Catholicism and Fundamentalism – The Attack on "Romanism" by "Bible Christians"

14335: 13807: 13298: 13176: 12962: 12926: 12463: 12165: 11519: 11383: 11363: 11118:"Transatlantic Connections: American Anti-Catholicism and the First Vatican Council (1869–70)" 10930: 10432: 10352: 9269: 8633: 8606: 8478: 8434: 7017:'s huge card index documenting which military officers were practicing Catholics and attended 6087: 6075: 20359: 20319: 20252: 20149: 20097: 20024: 19779: 19543: 19455: 19430: 19425: 19410: 19405: 19400: 19340: 19288: 19248: 19154: 19124: 19022: 18645: 18218: 18045: 17470: 17251: 17116: 16962: 16668: 16606: 16565: 16550: 16075: 15881: 15850: 15749: 15719: 15694: 13149: 12385: 11343: 11304: 10984: 10752: 10405: 10378: 9794: 9414: 9345: 8941: 8369: 7992: 7747: 7650: 7248: 6968: 6615: 6269: 6244: 6240: 6120: 5862: 5854: 5670: 5646:

in some of the versions of the treaties signed and oral promises during meetings beforehand.

5616:

in the 1820s, with the first Maori converted to Catholicism in the 1830s. The signing of the

5499: 5375: 5371: 5367: 5228: 5222:

was exacerbated by the imposition of anti-Catholic laws. In the 17th and 18th centuries, the

5199: 5172: 5050: 4850: 4439: 4435: 4363: 4343: 3753: 3652: 3262: 2922: 2882: 2815: 2704: 2652: 2571: 2320: 2084: 1988: 1963: 1958: 1943: 1938: 1933: 1873: 1821: 1781: 1687: 1657: 1547: 1156: 904: 815: 15447: 14841: 14578: 14415: 13575: 13562:"The Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association celebrates 50 years at a less than ideal moment" 13241: 12460: 10668: 10632: 8394: 7327: 6747: 6260:(1925) by Bishop Alma White, published by the Pillar of Fire Church in Zarephath, New Jersey 5073:

In 1937, ten young men and boys, aged from 13 to 23, burned to death in a fire on a farm in

20230: 19764: 19638: 19355: 19313: 19263: 19238: 19054: 19017: 18758: 18620: 17622: 17591: 17488: 17369: 17283: 17163: 17066: 16783: 16778: 16701: 16651: 16582: 16560: 16265: 16125: 16028: 15958: 15684: 14508: 14466: 14308: 9468: 8141: 7761: 7725:

modified an existing law, making the spread of Catholicism punishable by death. During the

7646: 7418: 7331: 7275: 6979:

agenda. The parties of the Left, Socialists and Radicals, united upon this question in the

6957: 6842:

Anti-Catholic and anti-clerical sentiments, some of which were spurred by an anti-clerical

6794: 6652: 6595: 6536: 6340: 6193:

has called anti-Catholicism "the deepest-held bias in the history of the American people".

6182: 6079: 6030:

church was compulsory, effectively banning Catholics. The ban on Catholicism was lifted in

5929: 5613: 5498:

was conditionally emancipated and permitted to celebrate Mass, but following the Irish led

5495: 5223: 4841:

glorified Protestant martyrs and shaped a lasting negative image of Catholicism in Britain.

4784: 4604: 4568: 4419: 3576: 3555: 3408: 3342: 2793: 2305: 2179: 1888: 1846: 1796: 1771: 1579: 1542: 1277: 1131: 939: 908: 76: 15485: 15079: 14912:

Watt, James T. "Anti-Catholic nativism in Canada: The Protestant Protective Association."

14490:

The Anthology of Senj: Contributions to Geography, Ethnology, Economy, History and Culture

13665: 12791: 12532: 11807:"Protesters tear down statue of Spanish missionary and saint Junipero Serra in Sacramento" 10653:

and Queen Mary, to the Inhabitants of the Province of the Massachusetts-Bay in New-England

8302: 7233: 6926: 5837:(1930) that the Catholic Church were among the chief enemies of the Germans. In 1934, the 5342:, escorted the children and parents through the protest each day. Some protesters shouted 4854: 3912: 3793: 3773: 3372: 8: 20406: 20267: 19902: 19804: 19784: 19573: 19481: 19440: 19420: 19390: 19283: 19078: 18888: 18411: 18313: 18106: 18090: 17610: 17520: 16971: 16915: 16863: 16764: 16726: 16441: 16383: 16378: 16373: 16003: 15414: 13497: 12287: 11956:"Florida man crashes into church, sets it on fire with parishioners inside, sheriff says" 10407:

The Politics of Memory: The Writing of Partition in the Seventeenth-Century Low Countries

8556: 7869:

have imposed a tax on non-Muslims, the Catholic Bishops' Conference president Archbishop

7826: 7796: 7612: 7213:

In August 2023, the Nicaraguan government banned the Jesuit Order and seized its assets.

7007: 6786: 6730: 6590:. Although anti-Catholic sentiment declined in the U.S. in the 1960s, particularly after 6513: 6455: 6305: 5643: 5427:, numerous churches and monuments in Western Canada have been vandalized or burned down. 5405:, a Presbyterian immigrant from Ireland who ridiculed and denounced the Catholic Church, 5330: 5195: 5191: 5183: 5148: 5046: 4932: 4901: 4846: 4788: 4649: 4446: 4403: 4319: 4213: 4022: 3842: 3621: 3508: 3503: 3498: 2969: 2830: 2449: 2345: 2325: 2114: 2022: 1973: 1953: 1923: 1816: 1603: 1407: 951: 86: 51: 15036:

Anti-Catholicism in Britain and Ireland, 1600–2000: Practices, Representations and Ideas

10280:

The Holocaust And The Christian World: Reflections On The Past Challenges For The Future

10103:

Ian Kershaw; Hitler a Biography; 2008 Edn; WW Norton & Company; London; p. 295.

8708:

Anti-Catholicism in eighteenth-century England, c. 1714–80: A political and social study

7302: 7282:. Churches were closed, and clergy were deported, imprisoned, or killed, among them was 3737: 3483: 20179: 20174: 20164: 20112: 20102: 20077: 20019: 19977: 19887: 19882: 19877: 19789: 19090: 18431: 18248: 17106: 17098: 16841: 16542: 16509: 16393: 16368: 16308: 16272: 15907: 15824: 15619: 15555: 15452: 15419: 15409: 15383: 15221: 15110: 15023: 15015: 14984: 14799: 14740: 14732: 14671: 14663: 14634: 14566: 13707: 13699: 13680:"Faith and War Eyewitnesses to the Japanese Invasion of China: Quebec's Jesuit Priests" 13059: 12740:"Nicaraguan government bans Jesuit order and says all its property will be confiscated" 12528: 11659:"Archdiocese: New Haven Catholic church vandalized with 'satanic,' 'anarchist' symbols" 11457: 11411: 11255: 11203: 11195: 11145: 11074: 11066: 10972: 10911: 10849: 9533:

Archbishop Coleridge says ABC not interested in the 'real story' of the Catholic Church

9185: 9077: 9029: 8981: 8689: 8285: 8104: 8065: 7878: 7818: 7814: 7654: 7353: 7279: 7260: 7109: 6991: 6907: 6684: 6493: 6420: 6392: 6365: 6286: 6083: 5617: 5525: 5392: 5355: 5314: 5039: 4983: 4757: 4628: 4557: 4307: 4246: 3887: 3682: 3478: 3467: 3461: 2734: 2729: 2719: 2667: 2657: 2632: 2566: 2524: 2434: 2429: 2424: 2330: 1615: 973: 892: 141: 15602: 15147:

Transatlantic Anti-Catholicism: France and the United States in the Nineteenth Century

14907:

Transatlantic Anti-Catholicism: France and the United States in the Nineteenth Century

14601:(2nd ed, U of North Carolina Press, 2010), pp 49–72; other targets also get chapters. 12218:

Transatlantic Anti-Catholicism: France and the United States in the Nineteenth Century

10511:

https://www.svt.se/nyheter/lokalt/skane/paminner-om-karl-xii-s-brev-om-religionsfrihet

8512: 7251:, the religion of the vast majority of the population, was severely persecuted during 5892:

years, often on trumped up charges of currency smuggling or "immorality". In Hitler's

5653:, which is indicative of the widespread acceptance of Catholicism within the country; 4832: 4787:, which spanned the 17th and 18th centuries, with its strong emphasis on the need for 20438: 20349: 20277: 20262: 20061: 20004: 19809: 19717: 19608: 19528: 19375: 18675: 18391: 17627: 16952: 16832: 16599: 16555: 16437: 15809: 15587: 15495: 15130: 15027: 14948: 14883: 14770: 14744: 14675: 14512: 14470: 14445: 14423: 14361: 14341: 14109: 13991: 13954: 13917: 13759: 13732: 13711: 13561: 13304: 13182: 13155: 13151:

Croatia Under Ante Pavelic: America, the Ustase and Croatian Genocide in World War II

13063: 13022: 12991: 12966: 12955: 12934: 12828: 12822: 12469: 12445: 12391: 12334: 12237: 12171: 12044: 11931:"Man out on bond on hate crime charges tried to burn down Palos Hills church: police" 11525: 11489: 11468: 11422: 11389: 11369: 11349: 11207: 11187: 11149: 11137: 11092: 11078: 11058: 11014: 10936: 10874: 10841: 10788: 10756: 10745: 10674: 10557: 10522: 10484: 10463: 10438: 10411: 10384: 10358: 10283: 10251: 10230: 10213: 10183: 10150: 10074: 10057: 9957: 9917: 9865: 9810: 9771: 9420: 9397: 9376: 9351: 9189: 9141:"Statue of Pope John Paul II outside Edmonton Catholic church painted red | CBC News" 9081: 8985: 8875: 8850: 8693: 8672:

McConnel, James (2011). "Remembering the 1605 Gunpowder Plot in Ireland, 1605–1920".

8639: 8612: 8608:

Is the Reformation Over?: An Evangelical Assessment of Contemporary Roman Catholicism

8488: 8457: 8401: 8375: 8322: 8275: 8068:(1782). The Pope himself suppressed the order everywhere in 1773, but it survived in 8037: 7870: 7830: 7804: 7729:, Catholic missionaries and their families were murdered by Boxer rebels. During the 7499: 7349: 7337: 7264: 7228: 6945: 6902: 6843: 6664: 6555: 6481: 6324: 6092: 6023: 6011: 5777: 5719: 5587: 5537: 5536:

By the late 19th century approximately a quarter of the population of Australia were

5520: 5511: 5380:

Fears of the Catholic Church were quite strong in the 19th century, especially among

5143: 5027: 4873: 4725: 4705: 4458: 3823: 3760: 3727: 3632: 3581: 3295: 3212: 3207: 3001: 2912: 2840: 2825: 2608: 2551: 2350: 2258: 2149: 2069: 1908: 1186: 81: 15932: 13412: 10587: 9033: 6611: 6074:

saw itself as the protector of Protestantism in all of Europe against the pope. The

5555:

was prominent (though generally nonviolent) in the 20th century, flaring during the

5465:

bloody riots were common during the 1861 election. The Protestants narrowly elected

5006:. Demands for the establishment of a police force in London were subsequently made. 20401: 20386: 20314: 20235: 20205: 20036: 19872: 19578: 19144: 19139: 18883: 18253: 17989: 17947: 17875: 17870: 17837: 17644: 17577: 17540: 17535: 17515: 17510: 17435: 17288: 17278: 17238: 16769: 16587: 16570: 16388: 16353: 16338: 16282: 15689: 15659: 15545: 15540: 15490: 15241:

Fleming, Peter, and Ismael Zuloaga. "The Catholic Church in China: A New Chapter."

15158: 15102: 15007: 14976: 14791: 14724: 14655: 14626: 13851: 13691: 13272: 13090: 13051: 12520: 12416: 11247: 11179: 11129: 11050: 10903: 10268: 9900: 9585: 9449: 9177: 9069: 9021: 8973: 8681: 8289: 8269: 8171: 8032: 7800: 7751: 7722: 7516: 7503: 7445: 7441: 7283: 7070: 6711:. He was a major opponent of political Catholicism and the founder of the movement 6660: 6639: 6599: 6575: 6424: 6396: 6361: 6345: 6301: 6273: 6071: 5828: 5795: 5781: 5575: 5406: 5259: 5240: 5132: 5125: 4971: 4761: 4644: 4474: 4450: 4338:, and opposition to Catholic adherents into major political themes and policies of 4327: 4311: 3803: 3798: 3767: 3639: 3473: 3322: 3222: 3170: 2964: 2949: 2877: 2798: 2768: 2583: 2419: 2119: 1677: 1672: 1402: 101: 17493: 14971:

Clifton, Robin (1971). "Popular Fear of Catholics during the English Revolution".

14212: 13079:"Religion, nationality, or politics: Catholicism in the Russian empire, 1863–1905" 12767:"Dozens of priests arrested in 2023 as authoritarian regimes crack down on Church" 11881:"Church members searching for answers after statue of Jesus Christ is decapitated" 11385:

No Establishment of Religion: America's Original Contribution to Religious Liberty

10537:^ Se Yvonne Maria Werners artikel "Katolicism och religionsfrihet", Signum 2002; 9 10229:

Paul Berben; Dachau: The Official History 1933–1945; Norfolk Press; London; 1975;

10140:

Ian Kershaw; Hitler a Biography; 2008 Edn; WW Norton & Company; London; p. 315

9630: 7102: 4346:. Major examples of groups that have targeted Catholics in recent history include 20416: 20324: 20220: 20169: 20029: 20014: 19994: 19959: 19672: 19583: 19518: 19318: 19268: 19049: 18908: 18488: 18371: 18228: 18193: 17999: 17994: 17919: 17914: 17855: 17780: 17530: 17460: 16992: 16933: 16483: 16313: 16018: 15912: 15814: 15649: 15644: 15634: 15614: 15572: 15567: 14502: 14460: 14285: 12423: 12136: 10868: 10718: 9888: 9845: 9830: 9814: 9798: 9763: 9746: 9667: 9240: 8832: 8540: 8216: 8154: 8146: 8077: 8061: 7726: 7310:

breached the Agreement by passing a law for the confiscation of Church property.

7078: 7066: 7038: 7018: 6790: 6763: 6752: 6718: 6713: 6708: 6668: 6591: 6587: 6551:

of the North. His candidacy was also hampered by his close ties to the notorious

6477: 6439: 6222: 6078:

of 20 March 1600 saw several prominent Catholic nobles beheaded by order of King

5966: 5905: 5901: 5897: 5866: 5682: 5417: 5381: 5326: 5251: 5160: 5113: 5019: 4678: 4427: 4347: 4291: 4108: 3857: 3829: 3818: 3591: 3197: 3150: 3078: 2979: 2887: 2783: 2724: 2576: 2561: 2541: 2506: 2213: 2124: 2059: 1851: 1801: 1574: 1427: 1007: 924: 15187: 13095: 13078: 12880: 10054:

Confronting the Nazi War on Christianity: the Kulturkampf Newsletters, 1936-1939

9253: 9233: 7029: 6972: 5934:

extermination over Germany. The Nazis responded with, an intensification of the

3932: 20411: 20369: 20339: 20329: 20247: 20240: 20225: 20215: 20051: 19987: 19929: 19924: 19909: 19692: 19687: 19682: 19568: 19503: 19027: 19000: 18853: 18565: 18406: 18335: 18183: 18118: 17904: 17894: 17880: 17865: 17545: 17440: 17324: 17303: 16837: 16716: 16691: 16663: 16594: 16363: 16333: 16243: 15937: 15917: 15674: 15597: 15577: 14862:

Ryan, James Emmett. "The House of Harper: Melville's Anti-Catholic Publisher."

14836:

Paddison, Joshua. "Anti-Catholicism and Race in Post-Civil War San Francisco."

14556:

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8825: 8116: 8069: 8057: 7862: 7642: 7638: 7626: 7554: 7449: 7426: 7383: 7086: 7058: 7046: 7034: 6915: 6438:

further intensified in the 1850s during the international controversy over the

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The Protestant Crusade, 1800-1860: A Study of the Origins of American Nativism

14540:

Nativism and Slavery: The Northern Know Nothings and the Politics of the 1850s

14135:"South Korea Jeju: priests and nun arrested for protesting against naval base" 13695: 10932:

Nativism and Slavery: The Northern Know Nothings and the Politics of the 1850s

9453: 9073: 8911:

Unionist Politics and the Politics of Unionism since the Anglo-Irish Agreement

8660:

The Reign of Mary Tudor: Politics, Government and Religion in England, 1553–58

7707:

parishioners during a religious procession in the remote village of Zimtenga.

6999: 6360:

Some Protestant ministers preached the belief that the Catholic Church is the

6292:

Monsignor Ellis noted that a common hatred of the Catholic Church could unite

5802:

saw the conflict with the Churches as a priority concern, and anti-Church and

4772:

stated that "The advantage of turning those mysterious prophecies against the

20488: 20423: 20046: 19982: 19967: 19829: 19794: 19774: 19645: 19588: 19523: 18930: 18833: 18298: 18258: 18143: 18065: 18050: 17899: 17860: 17666: 17550: 17347: 17016: 16731: 16303: 15927: 15876: 15783: 15274: 15192:

Wolffe, John. "A Comparative Historical Categorisation of Anti-Catholicism."

15184:

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14715:

Hinckley, Ted C. (1962). "American Anti-Catholicism During the Mexican War".

12366: 12347: 12041:

The Socialism of Fools: Georg Ritter von Schönerer and Austrian Pan-Germanism

11191: 11141: 11062: 10845: 10792: 10604: 9991: 9973: 9876:

Hitler ... determined 'to eradicate Christianity in Germany root and branch.'

9759: 9683: 9310: 8592: 8582: 8533: 8484: 8126: 8108: 7899: 7507: 7491: 7189:

to publicly express his concern over lack of religious freedom in Nicaragua.

7171: 7150: 6976: 6435: 5909: 5803: 5790: 5738: 5568: 5530: 5441: 5388: 5303: 5266: 5187: 5074: 5053:

issue became a major crisis. Previously anti-Catholic politicians led by the

4858: 4769: 4709: 4616: 4580: 4572: 4534: 4530: 4466: 4411: 4395: 4323: 4303: 3986: 3847: 3813: 2986: 2593: 2529: 2514: 2370: 2335: 2315: 2186: 2129: 2064: 1449: 1352: 783: 146: 136: 106: 13958: 13921: 13888: 12331:

The Politics of Religion in Napoleonic Italy. The War against God, 1801–1814

11633:"'Native Land' graffiti in Fremont mission being investigated as hate crime" 8341:

John Wolffe, "A Comparative Historical Categorisation of Anti-Catholicism."

6285:. She was hanged as a witch in 1688, four years before the much more famous 4362:

against Catholic communities and individuals and it occasionally led to the

20257: 20144: 19972: 19939: 19919: 19849: 19839: 19819: 19799: 19435: 19333: 19328: 19059: 19034: 18898: 18838: 18803: 18773: 18273: 18208: 18138: 18128: 18055: 17955: 17924: 17700: 17649: 17417: 17359: 17256: 17027: 16944: 16900: 16895: 16885: 16696: 16623: 16095: 15983: 15953: 15609: 15162: 15122: 14980: 14875: 12097: 11365:

The Second Disestablishment: Church and State in Nineteenth-Century America

10342:

Norman Davies; Rising '44: the Battle for Warsaw; Viking; 2003; p. 92.

10166: 9826: 7894: 7634: 7252: 7186: 7129: 6995: 6934: 6866: 6848: 6798: 6789:

gained force). However, with the growing number of Protestants (especially

6774: 6676: 6644: 6610:

destruction and often the decapitation of statues, particularly statues of

6582: 6552: 6525: 6521: 6470: 6459: 6443: 6226: 5935: 5924: 5816: 5812: 5773: 5769: 5759: 5662: 5410: 5343: 5339: 5203: 5176: 5121: 5109: 5078: 5031: 4987: 4967: 4961: 4608: 4355: 4351: 4326:, turned anti-Catholicism, opposition to the authority of Catholic clergy ( 4103: 4052: 3852: 3662: 3586: 3571: 3415: 3402: 3235: 3190: 3125: 2820: 2699: 2519: 2486: 2466: 2390: 2380: 2360: 2340: 1968: 1866: 1861: 1584: 1559: 1417: 1357: 1322: 1292: 961: 956: 944: 919: 15320:

Observatory on Intolerance and Discrimination Against Christians in Europe

15197: 14438:

Genocide and Resistance in Hitler's Bosnia: The Partisans and the Chetniks

14385:

Priests, Prelates and People: A History of European Catholicism since 1750

13464: 13055: 12229: 11980:"What Every American Should Know: Washington DC – Times Square Chronicles" 11222:

The Orange riots: Irish political violence in New York City, 1870 and 1871

11133: 10907: 9591:

The Authentic and Genuine History of the Signing of the Treaty of Waitangi

9181: 9025: 8977: 8923: 8085:

the once-powerful institution was on public display for more ridicule and

7315: 4385:

Historically, Catholics who lived in Protestant countries were frequently

3056: 20159: 20119: 20087: 19954: 19914: 19754: 19667: 19618: 19593: 19493: 19186: 18920: 18903: 18858: 18778: 18469: 18325: 18198: 18178: 18173: 18168: 18153: 17455: 17390: 17246: 17171: 17149: 16997: 16759: 16721: 16090: 15978: 15973: 15922: 15886: 13329: 12693:"Nicaragua accuses Catholic Church of money laundering, freezes accounts" 11782:"Statues of Junipero Serra, Ulysses S. Grant toppled at Golden Gate Park" 11602: 8112: 7834: 7582: 7495: 7388: 7074: 6809: 6767: 6726: 6606: 6548: 6174: 6108: 6047: 5962: 5723: 5698: 5674: 5599: 5483: 5466: 5446: 5335: 5281: 5202:, a confrontation which saw six killed and many more wounded. Though the 5058: 4925: 4921: 4893: 4867: 4863: 4792: 4743: 4717: 4693: 4662: 4624: 4620: 4576: 4454: 4391: 4299: 4146: 4096: 4047: 3900: 3808: 3596: 3566: 3561: 3526: 3347: 2714: 2674: 2642: 2501: 2461: 2295: 2208: 2159: 2134: 2034: 1719: 1439: 1422: 1377: 1297: 41: 10976: 10960: 10853: 10829: 9764:"Introduction: Part 1: Defining Fascism: Fascism's relation to religion" 7210:

In March of 2023, Nicaragua officially severed ties with the Holy See.

6484:", forbidding tax money be used to fund parochial schools. In 2002, the 6312:

of 1774, which granted freedom of worship to Roman Catholics in Canada.

6206:

Church, it formed strong positions against the Catholic bishops and the

5920:, were among the other Catholic opposition figures killed in the purge. 5815:

was a religion that was only fit for slaves and he detested its ethics.

5608:, the situation in New Zealand has never been as clear as in Australia. 4533:. "Kissing the Pope's feet"; German peasants respond to a papal bull of 20433: 20428: 20309: 20304: 20200: 20184: 20041: 19934: 19892: 19854: 19662: 19650: 19623: 19613: 19533: 18947: 18942: 18913: 18848: 18697: 18163: 18158: 17982: 17909: 17525: 17445: 17076: 16348: 16120: 15840: 15202:

Wolffe, John. "Anti-catholicism and the British empire, 1815–1914." in

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Narizhnaya, Khristina; Rosenberg, Rebecca; Celona, Larry (2020-06-18).

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Evans, Richard J. (2005). The Third Reich in Power. New York: Penguin.

10182:

Evans, Richard J. (2005). The Third Reich in Power. New York: Penguin.

10112: 9799:

Nazi culture: intellectual, cultural and social life in the Third Reich

7754: 7653:, and they have also been accused of opposing Russian Orthodox values. 7125: 7098: 7062: 6961: 6462:

at the time, to establish greater power over their Catholic followers.

6309: 6282: 6236: 6042:, Catholics were only allowed to celebrate Mass in this one parish. In 5913: 5884: 5654: 5507: 5350:

and urine-filled balloons at the schoolchildren, their parents and the

5347: 4917: 4897: 4721: 4692:, a passage that had been applied to the pope as the Antichrist of the 4584: 4561: 4496: 4407: 3836: 3657: 3436: 2996: 2991: 2872: 2867: 2763: 2739: 2588: 2481: 2439: 2395: 2203: 2191: 2164: 2154: 2074: 1466: 1461: 1432: 1367: 1208: 91: 15218:

6th International Conference on Humanities and Social Science Research

15055:

The Modernity of Others: Jewish Anti-Catholicism in Germany and France

14988: 11521:

A Nation Forged in War: How World War II Taught Americans to Get Along

11259: 11235: 11199: 11167: 11070: 11038: 9230:

Conflict and culture in Irish-Newfoundland Roman Catholicism, 18291850

8964:

Miller, James R. (1985). "Anti-Catholic Thought in Victorian Canada".

8788:

Anti-catholicism in Northern Ireland, 1600–1998: the mote and the beam

8570:"UMC.org: The official online ministry of The United Methodist Church" 7287: 5280:

The first Catholic to be appointed a minister in Northern Ireland was

5213: 4513: 20334: 20282: 19999: 19598: 18723: 18268: 18263: 18233: 17929: 17692: 17676: 17661: 17505: 17395: 17273: 17263: 17131: 16910: 15860: 15855: 15354: 15172:

European Studies: A Journal of European Culture, History and Politics

15093:

Paz, D. G. (1979). "Popular Anti-Catholicism in England, 1850–1851".

14922:

European Studies: A Journal of European Culture, History and Politics

7962: 7361: 7298: 7061:, outlawed all religious orders, both male and female, including the 6894: 6886: 6782: 6704: 5974: 5970: 5602: 5274: 5026:, antagonism towards Catholicism became firmly enmeshed with British 4978:, the new law was supposed to reduce official discrimination against 4906: 4845:

Institutional anti-Catholicism in Britain and Ireland began with the

4701: 4689: 4640: 4600: 4399: 3966: 2897: 2845: 2546: 2139: 1242: 121: 15106: 15011: 14795: 14760:

The Winning of the Midwest: Social and Political Conflict, 1888–1896

14728: 14659: 14630: 13802:[The Catholic Church in Hebei during the Anti-Japanese War] 13439: 12573:"Nicaragua leads in cases of religious persecution in Latin America" 11341: 8303:

Anti-catholicism. Dictionary.com. WordNet 3.0. Princeton University.

7448:

committed a large-scale massacre against the Catholic population of

7314:

being one of its victims. On 25 September 1953 he was imprisoned at

20299: 20129: 20056: 19707: 19633: 19538: 19498: 18878: 18873: 18868: 18793: 18788: 18733: 18508: 18416: 18243: 17342: 16711: 15845: 15804: 15127:

Bearing False Witness: Debunking Centuries of Anti-Catholic History

14880:

Bearing False Witness: Debunking Centuries of Anti-Catholic History

13832: 13417: 11277: 11251: 11183: 11054: 10003: 8685: 8221: 8131: 8086: 7966: 7690:

bomb explosion at a Roman Catholic church in the Gopalganj District

7538: 6941: 6930: 6680: 6656: 6544: 6336: 6293: 6265: 6211: 6027: 5625: 4777: 4773: 4713: 4636: 4375: 4241: 4113: 2862: 2684: 2603: 2248: 2174: 2079: 2039: 1397: 1392: 1387: 1312: 1307: 1252: 16452: 13755:

Rencontres et médiations entre la Chine, l'Occident et le Amérique

10873:. Madison, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. p. 115. 10201:

Plotting Hitler's Death: The German Resistance to Hitler 1933–1945

10171:

Plotting Hitler's Death: The German Resistance to Hitler 1933–1945

10117:

An Honourable Defeat; A History of the German Resistance to Hitler

7649:, and Protestant clergy have been kidnapped by groups such as the 7139:

Some of the Catholic casualties of this struggle are known as the

4939: 4879: 4481:, and sought to replace it with a State-controlled school system. 18798: 18702: 18682: 18655: 18630: 18534: 18213: 17051: 16925: 16868: 16008: 15078:(8 vol, 1931) comprehensive history to 1878. country by country. 14592:

No King, No Popery: Anti-Catholicism in Revolutionary New England

14462:

The Three Yugoslavias: State-Building and Legitimation, 1918–2005

11546:"America's dark and not-very-distant history of hating Catholics" 10708:

No King, No Popery: Anti-Catholicism in Revolutionary New England

9629:

Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu.

9123:"Fire Destroys Two Catholic Churches on Canadian Indigenous Land" 8073: 7996: 7866: 7855: 7637:

have been occupied by rebels in the Donetsk and Luhansk regions.

7319: 6912: 6863: 6825: 6722: 6297: 6116: 6019: 5621: 5322: 5318: 5038:, the "defensive unity brought on by war with a Catholic French ' 4995: 4315: 3990: 3950: 3675: 3542: 1317: 1213: 1193: 1166: 1141: 1064: 66: 15269:

O’Connor, P. S. "Sectarian Conflict in New Zealand, 1911-1920."

15064:(5 vol 1969), covers 1790s to 1960; comprehensive global history 14547:

Not Quite Us: Anti-Catholic Thought in English Canada Since 1900

14012:"Christians, Hindus, Sikhs forced to flee Swat: Catholic Church 13378:"Secret Protestant Churches in Donetsk: Ukraine's Religious War" 12547:"Nicaragua bishop on hunger strike to protest police harassment" 7629:, and Protestant churches have been occupied by paramilitaries. 7274:

The Roman Catholic Church was even more violently suppressed in

7081:

when it lost its French protection; the Pope declared himself a

6994:, in France in 1904–1905, it was discovered that the militantly 5661:

of the 1990s, was the country's fourth Catholic prime minister;

4760:(chapter 13), he commented: "The whole succession of Popes from 4724:

contain references to the Pope as the Antichrist, including the

19759: 18783: 18687: 18665: 18660: 18610: 18366: 17671: 17656: 17600: 17567: 15819: 14709:

Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism, 1860–1925

14441: 13111: 12233:

The Third Republic from Its Origins to the Great War, 1871–1914

11709:"Two protesters arrested for St. Patrick's Cathedral vandalism" 10509:

Påminner om Karl XII:s brev om religionsfrihet (2016) 21 march

10278:. In Carol Rittner; Stephen D. Smith; Irena Steinfeldt (eds.). 9740:

The Nazi Master Plan: The Persecution of the Christian Churches

9536: 9048:

Brown of the Globe: Volume One: Voice of Upper Canada 1818-1859

8176: 8041: 7874: 7558: 7542: 7143:. Events relating to this were famously portrayed in the novel 6773:

Even during times in which the Church was experiencing intense

6278: 6250: 6207: 6067: 5819:

wrote: "Its teaching, he declared, was a rebellion against the

5636: 5633: 4970:

of 1780 was a violent anti-Catholic riot in London against the

4415: 4371: 4331: 4206: 4186: 4166: 4126: 3715: 3395: 3360: 2300: 1302: 1198: 1176: 1171: 1121: 14822:

Miller, James R. "Anti-catholic thought in Victorian Canada."

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Corrigan, John, and Lynn S. Neal, eds. "Anti-Catholicism." In

13634:"Stop Calling China's Xi Jinping 'President,' U.S. Panel Says" 12957:

The Cambridge Illustrated History of the Middle Ages: 950–1250

12230:

Foster, J. R.; Jean Marie Mayeur; Madeleine Rebérioux (1988).

6504: 6300:

ministers despite their differences and conflicts. One of the

6095:

and the following anti-Catholicism ingrained in the religion.

5908:, national director of the Catholic Youth Sports Association, 5685:

who instigated numerous progressive policies as leader of the

4541: 19769: 18615: 18464: 17632: 17596: 15891: 15592: 14496:(1). Zagreb, Croatia: Croatian Institute of History: 271–289. 13271:. International Court of Justice. 2 July 1999. Archived from 13224: 13222: 13131: 13129: 9550:

God's Farthest Outpost, A History of Catholics in New Zealand

8476: 8053: 8049: 7890: 7323: 7194: 6919: 6881: 6813: 6623: 6619: 5642:

was able to negotiate the inclusion of a clause guaranteeing

5425:

2021 Canadian Indian residential school gravesite discoveries

3870: 3609: 3449: 3315: 3275: 3255: 2310: 1126: 13962: 13925: 13666:

Group: Officials destroying crosses, burning bibles in China

13178:

Yellow Star, Red Star: Holocaust Remembrance after Communism

12043:. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. p. 66. 12001:"Fact check: Article falsely reports arrest of Pope Francis" 11381: 11011:

Democracy's Schools: The Rise of Public Education in America

10273:"The Catholic Church in Poland and the Holocaust, 1939–1945" 4517:

From a series of woodcuts (1545) usually referred to as the

20381: 20210: 17637: 17356: 15799: 15034:

Gheeraert-Graffeuille, Claire, and Geraldine Vaughan, eds.

14080: 13867:"The influence of Catholicism on Flores island during WWII" 10094:; 2008 Edn; W.W. Norton & Company; London; p. 290. 9815:

Rise and Fall of the Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany

9521:

For the lynch mob, priests are guilty until proven innocent

9280: 9278: 8604: 7577: 7307: 7256: 6859: 6446:

was removed from his family and refused to return to them.

6086:, who planned to reconvert Sweden back to Catholicism. The 6015: 5737:

Pius IX died in 1878 and was replaced by more conciliatory

5523:

was disestablished in the Colony of New South Wales by the

4991: 4752:, which is currently an official Doctrinal Standard of the 4457:

was a favorite target of attack. After the outbreak of the

2944: 2773: 14398:

Catholicism, sexual deviance, and Victorian Gothic culture

13852:"Catholic Churches in Hong Kong under Japanese Occupation" 13632:

O'Keeffe and, Kate; Ferek, Katy Stech (14 November 2019).

13467:"Four killed in ambush on Catholic parade in Burkina Faso" 13465:

Ouezen Louis Oulon and Bukola Adebayo, for (15 May 2019).

13356:"Religious Buildings Seized in Eastern Regions of Ukraine" 13219: 13126: 12167:

Farewell, Revolution: Disputed Legacies: France, 1789/1989

10460:

Norway and the Jesuit Order: A History of Anti-Catholicism

9606:"New Zealand politics isn't as anti-Catholic as Britain's" 9594:

Wellington: Government Printer. Retrieved 2 February 2013.

7733:, Tibetan rebels murdered Catholics and Tibetan converts. 6532: 6217: 5310:

is used by some as a derogatory word for Roman Catholics.

4700:

Doctrinal works of literature which were published by the

14704:

Ed. H. R. Ryan. (Waveland Press, Inc., 1992) pp. 177–193.

14504:

War and Revolution in Yugoslavia, 1941–1945: The Chetniks

13442:"Attack on Catholic church in Burkina Faso leaves 6 dead" 12411: 12409: 12407: 11706: 10320:. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Archived from 8103:

Anti-Catholic stereotypes are a long-standing feature of

7993:

religious minorities, i.e. Christians, Muslims and Hindus

7833:. Catholicism was not openly restored to Japan until the 7367: 6824:

on the area and attacking Catholics (and also members of

5730:) and subordinate all Germans to the power of his state. 4870:

were executed and became martyrs for the Catholic faith.

3368:

Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution

14831:

Citizen Klansmen: The Ku Klux Klan in Indiana, 1921–1928

14695:

An Ugly Little Secret: Anti-Catholicism in North America

12441:

Latin America's Wars: The Age of the Caudillo, 1791–1899

10670:

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10240: 9943: 9941: 9939: 9371:

O'Farrell, Patrick James (1987). "Chapter Six: Rebels".

9275: 7318:, and later placed under house arrest in monasteries in 6524:), both politically powerful groups; illustrated by the 3203:

Conversion of non-Islamic places of worship into mosques

14599:

Religious Intolerance in America: A Documentary History

13326:"Ukraine crisis deepens rift between Orthodox Churches" 12925:

Cross, Frank Leslie; Livingstone, Elizabeth A. (2005).

12194:(Catholic University of America Press, 2000) pp 279–335 11564:

The New Anti-Catholicism: The Last Acceptable Prejudice

11293:"High court agrees to settle Part II of voucher battle" 11276:. The Becket Fund for Religious Liberty. Archived from 10818:

Jefferson letter to Horatio G. Spafford, March 17, 1814

10553:

The New Anti-Catholicism: The Last Acceptable Prejudice

9347:

The Wearing of the Green: A History of St Patrick's Day

8588:

The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire

7378:

the Roman Catholic cantons forming an unconstitutional

7290:, for example, 48% of the Catholic clergy were killed. 6170:

The New Anti-Catholicism: The Last Acceptable Prejudice

4990:

to become a dangerous threat. The protest evolved into

4290:, is hostility towards Catholics and opposition to the 14585:

Conspiracy: The Fear of Subversion in American History

12404: 10666: 10618:

Papist Devils: Catholics in British America, 1574–1783

9343: 8899:. New York: The Devin-Adair Company. pp. 458–459. 6543:

Anti-Catholicism played a major role in the defeat of

6304:

passed by the British Parliament that helped fuel the

6197:

dispel notions of immigrant and Catholic disloyalty."

6050:

and the Jesuits were not allowed in the country until

5440:

in the 1890s and in Ontario in the 1910s. In Ontario,

4469:

from the State, confiscated Church property, expelled

15630:

Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia

15250:

Journal of the Australian Catholic Historical Society

14213:"Catholic Church in Sri Lanka – A History in Outline" 14022:. Indo Asian News Service. 2009-04-25. Archived from 13631: 13207: 13195: 13044:

Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History

12465:

Triumphs and Tragedy: A History of the Mexican People

11168:"Understanding American Catholic Educational History" 11039:"Understanding American Catholic Educational History" 10961:"Conflict and Consensus in American Public Education" 9936: 9467:

Robertson, J. R. "Scullin, James Henry (1876–1953)".

8076:. The suppression of the Jesuits was a major blow to 7547:

genocide which the Ustaše committed against the Serbs

7085:. Relations were finally normalized in 1929 with the 6987:, which reversed the Napoleonic arrangement of 1801. 6985:

1905 French law on the separation of Church and State

6651:

century reformation. Some of the philosophers of the

5628:, resulted in the country developing a predominantly 5384:

and other Protestant Irish immigrants across Canada.

4667:

tradition that reached back into the eleventh century

14965:

No Pope of Rome: Anti-Catholicism in Modern Scotland

14577:(Beacon Press, 1949); famous attack on Catholicism. 13539:

East India (Tibet): Further Papers Relating to Tibet

13489: 13440:

Bethlehem Feleke and Duarte Mendonca (12 May 2019).

12887:. Eternal Word Television Network. 28 November 2001. 12824:

Witness to Hope – The Biography of Pope John Paul II

12434: 12432: 12271:

France and the Dreyfus Affair: A Documentary History

11831:"Statue of Virgin Mary beheaded at Tennessee parish" 8437:

Luther's Last Battles: Politics And Polemics 1531–46

8396:

Luther's Last Battles: Politics And Polemics 1531–46

7991:

Since 2000, in a context of rising violence against

6508:

Among the kneeling Catholics are men who are marked

5874:

propaganda campaign against the church was launched.

5430: 4484: 15069:

A Companion to the Catholic Enlightenment in Europe

14532: 13542:. London: H. M. Stationery Office. 1904. p. 17 12497:Barbara A. Tenenbaum and Georgette M. Dorn (eds.), 12137:

Religion, Society and Politics in France Since 1789

12129: 11856:"Virgin Mary statue vandalized, church leaders say" 11683:"Vandals spray paint graffiti on South City church" 11491:

A Catholic Runs for President: The Campaign of 1928

8945:. Chapter 1: Alliance Avenue and Holy Cross Dispute 8767: 8356:

The Jesuits: A History from Ignatius to the Present

7740:, all religions including Catholicism only operate 7236:, a Catholic priest killed by Communist authorities 6264:Because many of the British colonists, such as the 6148:

History of the Catholic Church in the United States

5579:replaced the Anglican Church as the largest single 5214:

Laws which restricted the rights of Irish Catholics

4795:was a favorite target of attack for intellectuals. 4003:

List of Catholic martyrs of the English Reformation

15705:1998 attacks on Christians in southeastern Gujarat 15670:Persecution of Christians in the post–Cold War era 15625:Persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses in Nazi Germany 15503:Captivity of Mangalorean Catholics at Seringapatam 14422:, Connor Court Publishing Pty Ltd, pp. 7–10, 14363:The Suppression of the Society of Jesus, 1758–1773 13781:"Setting the world 'on fire with the love of God'" 13576:International Religious Freedom Report 2010: China 12954: 12728:Vatican News website, article dated March 13, 2023 12717:Vatican News website, article dated March 12, 2022 12499:Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture 11734:"Churches in 6 states damaged by violent protests" 11607:"Don't Hate Andrew Sullivan Because He's Catholic" 11517: 11456: 11410: 11345:Scalia's Constitution: Essays on Law and Education 10744: 10631: 10134: 9768:World fascism: a historical encyclopedia, Volume 1 9252:Jeff A. Webb, "The Election Riots of 1861" (2001) 7401: 6634: 6581:Over 10 million Protestant soldiers who served in 5756:Nazi persecution of the Catholic Church in Germany 3550:Nazi persecution of the Catholic Church in Germany 20345:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 13396:"Ukraine: Rebel Forces Detain, Torture Civilians" 12621:"Persecution in Nicaragua: ACN calls for prayers" 12429: 10203:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson; p. 377. 10173:; Weidenfeld & Nicolson; London; p. 374. 10056:; International Academic Publishers; Bern; 2009; 8543:in the Triglot translation of the Book of Concord 7293:Catholicism continued to be persecuted under the 4298:, and its adherents. At various points after the 3723:Nazi persecution of the Catholic Church in Poland 2908:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 20486: 15740:2008 attacks on Christians in southern Karnataka 14944:Christianity and Revolutionary Europe, 1750–1830 14337:Christianity and Revolutionary Europe, 1750–1830 13854:. Translated by Jessie Lin. University of Tokyo. 12924: 12139:pp. 1–2, 1991 Continuum International Publishing 11758:"Junipero Serra statue toppled in downtown L.A." 11408: 9264:Frederick Jones, "HOYLES, Sir HUGH WILLIAM," in 6387:when those maneuvers were enjoying some success. 4661:In calling the pope the "Antichrist", the early 3883:2008 attacks on Christians in southern Karnataka 20005:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 15458:Destruction of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre 13589:"Pope invites Chinese bishops to Synod meeting" 13109: 12897: 12646:"Nicaragua: A Church on the side of its people" 12170:. Cornell University Press. 1995. p. 100. 12118: 12116: 11342:Paul E. Peterson; Michael W. McConnell (2017). 8449: 8314: 7617:In the separatist region which is known as the 5714:. Bismarck (left) confronts Pope Pius IX, 1875. 5089:, referred to the event in the following text: 4229:Eastern Catholic Victims of Soviet persecutions 2552:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 19487:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 15230:Catholics and Anti-Catholicism in Chosŏn Korea 14210: 14110:"New cross symbolic for Pakistan's Christians" 13758:. Presses de l'Université Laval. p. 375. 13731:(illustrated ed.). ISD LLC. p. 178. 12820: 12383: 10928: 10127: 10125: 9690:. Columbia University Press. pp. 126–127. 9668:Freedom and religion in the nineteenth century 9396:Griffin, James. "Mannix, Daniel (1864–1963)". 8869: 8844: 8477:Joseph A. Burgess; Jeffrey Gros, eds. (1989). 7348:Anti-clericalism in Spain at the start of the 6558:in New York City and his strong opposition to 5857:, rounding up members of the Catholic aligned 5159:, almost all of the lands which were owned by 2028:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 18550: 16468: 15340: 15082:; by French Catholic priest; see vols. 6-7-8. 12961:. Cambridge University Press. 1986. pp. 12931:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church 12900:"Tucson priests one step away from sainthood" 12345: 10870:Urban Religion and the Second Great Awakening 10261: 9682: 9370: 9303: 8849:. Oxford University Press. pp. 453–455. 8826:Laws in Ireland for the Suppression of Popery 8631: 8534:Treatise on the Power and Primacy of the Pope 8232:Violence against Muslims in independent India 8017: 8014:are especially prone to be given this label. 7688:On 3 June 2001, nine people were killed by a 6812:took advantage of the pandemic to unite five 6152:Religious discrimination in the United States 4731:Treatise on the Power and Primacy of the Pope 4677:. What Lutherans incorrectly understood as a 4264: 3133:Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire 3033: 1025: 15710:1998 attacks on Christians in Dangs district 13986:. Archived from the original on 8 July 2011. 13400:Detention and Torture of Religious Activists 13258: 13014:History of the Byzantine Empire. 2, Volume 2 12486:Revolution: 500 Years of Struggle For Change 12192:Religion and revolution in France, 1780–1804 12113: 11904:Californian, The Bakersfield (4 June 2020). 11361: 10989:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 10742: 10649:The Charter Granted by their Majesties King 10583:American Anti-Catholicism and its Literature 10000:; HarperPerennial Edition 1991; p. 219. 9982:; HarperPerennial Edition 1991; p. 218. 9907:; Penguin Press; New York 2009, p. 547. 9717:(Catholic University of America Press, 1998) 9412: 8368:Oberman, Heiko Augustinus (1 January 1994). 8031:of Portugal was aggressively hostile to the 8006:frequently use it as a descriptive term for 6781:, anti-Catholicism was not advocated by the 6675:. Similar attacks on the Church occurred in 6331:Fear of the pope agitated some of America's 5549:Section 116 of the Constitution of Australia 5502:of 1804, Dixon's permission was revoked. Fr 5449:effort, as its young men refused to enlist. 5395:. The most influential newspaper in Canada, 4330:), opposition to the authority of the pope ( 19703:List of people killed for being transgender 14333: 13887:. Twenty-Six Martyrs Museum. Archived from 12670:Freedom House website, retrieved 2023-08-08 12364: 12057: 11903: 11524:. U. of Tennessee Press. pp. 214–215. 11459:Catholicism and American Freedom: A History 11413:Catholicism and American Freedom: A History 10959:Tyack, David, and Elizabeth Hansot (1981). 10575: 10573: 10310: 10122: 9985: 9523:; www.dailytelegraph.com.au; march 16, 2019 8913:(Cork: Cork University Press, 2001), p. 155 8863: 8638:. U of California Press. pp. 155–188. 8585:(1994 edition, edited by David Womersley), 8182:Black Propaganda against Portugal and Spain 7676:Persecution of Christians § Bangladesh 7049:. Afterwards, the Pope declared himself a " 6717:, aimed the conversion of all the Catholic 5529:. Drafted by the Catholic attorney-general 5346:abuse and threw stones, bricks, fireworks, 5243:came into existence in 1921, following the 5077:, Scotland. All were seasonal workers from 4627:of the 16th–19th centuries, identified the 3303:Genocide of Christians by the Islamic State 3113:Persecution of Christians in the modern era 2244:List of people killed for being transgender 18557: 18543: 18397:International Alliance of Catholic Knights 16475: 16461: 15347: 15333: 14833:(University of North Carolina Press, 1991) 14500: 14483: 13779:Nonato, Sheila Dabu (September 15, 2011). 13581: 13317: 13296: 13228: 13135: 12947: 12851:Catholic Culture. Retrieved July 18, 2008. 12807: 12805: 12792:"108 Polish Martyrs – Saints & Angels" 12250: 12236:. Cambridge University Press. p. 84. 11388:. Oxford University Press. pp. 356+. 11290: 10893: 10011:Fascism - Identification with Christianity 9419:. Cambridge University Press. p. 90. 9332:Religion after Secularization in Australia 8943:Interface, Flashpoints in Northern Ireland 8838: 7490:During Russian rule, Catholics, primarily 7164:Catholic Church in Nicaragua § Persecution 6499: 5780:which would replace Christianity. however 5547:Limited freedom of belief is protected by 4271: 4257: 3040: 3026: 1032: 1018: 20525:Relations between Christian denominations 15745:2021 anti-Christian violence in Karnataka 13806:(in Chinese). 河北师范大学历史文化学. Archived from 13568: 13323: 13181:. Cornell University Press. p. 103. 13154:. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 81–82. 13147: 13094: 13017:. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 12468:p. 393 (1993 W. W. Norton & Company) 12348:"Congregation of the Most Precious Blood" 12305:Church and State after the Dreyfus Affair 12038: 11928: 11325: 11115: 10451: 10357:. Marshall Cavendish. 2010. p. 558. 9504:"I'll wear ovaries T-shirt again: Nettle" 9483: 8959: 8957: 8752: 8428: 7972: 7848:Catholic Church in Pakistan § Persecution 7241:For the situation in Russian Poland, see 5912:, editor of Munich's Catholic weekly and 5703:History of the Catholic Church in Germany 5287:In 1986, at the annual conference of the 3103:Eradication of the Church under Stalinism 789:Female genital mutilation laws by country 18814:Social determinants of health in poverty 15206:(Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008) pp. 43-63. 15067:Lehner, Ulrich and Michael Printy, eds. 14781: 14714: 14558:University of North Carolina Press, 1988 14420:Catholic Values and Australian Realities 14413: 13953:(in Japanese). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. 13591:. CatholicCulture.org. 8 September 2005. 13010: 13004: 12681:Open Doors website, retrieved 2023-08-08 12510: 12298: 11953: 11454: 11368:. Oxford University Press. p. 293. 11165: 11036: 10866: 10775: 10570: 10457: 10267: 9120: 8894: 8874:. Oxford University Press. p. 461. 8671: 8388: 8099:Anti-Catholicism in literature and media 8004:Traditionalist or conservative Catholics 7923:Persecution of Christians in North Korea 7660: 7481: 7227: 7028: 6880: 6746: 6531: 6503: 6442:case, when a baptized Jewish boy in the 6249: 6216: 6144:Freedom of religion in the United States 5706: 5142: 4938: 4878: 4831: 4749:Explanatory Notes Upon the New Testament 4540: 4512: 3733:Polish anti-religious campaign 1945–1990 1333:Social determinants of health in poverty 35: 15220:(ICHSSR 2020). (Atlantis Press, 2020). 14970: 14228:"Sri Lanka's not-so-tranquil Buddhists" 14225: 14107: 13559: 13300:Fake Heritage: Why We Rebuild Monuments 13174: 13122:(1). Croatian Institute of History: 86. 12985: 12860: 12802: 11656: 11382:T. Jeremy Gunn; John Witte Jr. (2012). 11161: 11159: 11032: 11030: 10954: 10952: 10827: 10579: 10556:. Oxford University Press. p. 23. 10546: 9881: 9857: 9758: 9486:"Abbott, Pell and the new sectarianism" 9439: 9204:Canada, 1896–1921: A nation transformed 8934: 8786:John D. Brewer, and Gareth I. Higgins, 8453:Islamic Thought Through Protestant Eyes 8367: 8318:Islamic Thought Through Protestant Eyes 8267: 7791:History of the Catholic Church in Japan 7621:, the government has declared that the 7551:participation of local Catholic priests 6179:religious wars of the sixteenth century 5987:Catholic Church in the Nordic countries 4554:Passionary of the Christ and Antichrist 14: 20487: 16856: 15169: 15152: 14919: 14702:Contemporary American Public Discourse 14686:Anti-Catholicism in America, 1620–1860 14306: 14250: 13984:"Taliban attack Christians in Karachi" 13849: 13797: 13778: 13724: 13668:. Associated Press. 10 September 2018. 13303:. Yale University Press. p. 144. 13242:"Case Information Sheet – Milan Babić" 11601: 11463:. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 11328:NO: Choice forces educators to improve 11004: 11002: 11000: 10437:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 173. 10248:Dachau: The Official History 1933–1945 10119:; Heinemann; London; 1994; p. 57. 9832:Historical Dictionary of the Holocaust 9720: 9673: 9603: 9094:See Hereward Senior "Orange Order" in 9011: 8963: 8954: 8605:Mark A. Noll; Carolyn Nystrom (2008). 8361: 8321:. New York: Routledge. pp. 1–10. 8207:History of the Eastern Orthodox Church 7983:Buddhism and violence § Sri Lanka 7881:much to the detriment of non-Muslims. 7368:In mixed Catholic-Protestant countries 7334:. He was released on 26 October 1956. 6026:. It also stated that attendance in a 5036:Britons: Forging of a Nation 1707–1837 4810:Anti-Catholicism in the United Kingdom 3998:Anti-Catholicism in the United Kingdom 3098:Catholic Church persecutions 1939–1958 18538: 16456: 15328: 15121: 14997: 14940: 14874: 14688:(Cambridge Essential Histories, 2017) 14645: 14616: 14458: 14435: 14281:"Life Watch: Anti-Catholic Catholics" 14278: 14108:Jillani, Shahzeb (1 September 2015). 13864: 13646:from the original on 15 November 2019 13213: 13201: 13076: 13041: 11731: 11487: 11340:On the meaning of the code words see 11240:The American Journal of Legal History 11233: 10958: 10629: 10403: 9631:"Building a national Catholic Church" 9466: 9286:"The Catholic Community in Australia" 9202:Robert Craig Brown, and Ramsay Cook, 9167: 9059: 8835:at University of Minnesota Law School 8812:Clive D. Field, "No Popery's Ghost." 8747:Anti-Catholicism in Victorian England 8509:"Smalcald Articles - Book of Concord" 8371:The Impact of the Reformation: Essays 8271:The Emergence of Irish Gothic Fiction 8092: 7956: 6801:for the duration of the controversy. 6134:Anti-Catholicism in the United States 5649:New Zealand has had several Catholic 5487:suspicious of the minority religion. 5171:, no Irish Catholic could sit in the 5147:An illustration of the anti-Catholic 5068: 4828:Catholic Church in the United Kingdom 4768:Referring to the Book of Revelation, 20469: 19509:Capital punishment for homosexuality 18819:Social determinants of mental health 16427: 15725:2007 Christmas violence in Kandhamal 14619:Mississippi Valley Historical Review 13902: 13798:李 (Li), 晓晨 (Xiaochen) (2012-10-01). 13751: 13677: 13613:from the original on 16 January 2019 12881:"New Evangelization with the Saints" 11879:Rosa, Christian De La (2020-07-16). 11878: 11853: 11156: 11109: 11027: 11008: 10949: 10430: 9484:Henderson, Gerard (5 October 2004). 9334:(Palgrave Macmillan, 2015) pp. 3–31. 9288:. Catholic Australia. Archived from 8611:. Baker Academic. pp. 236–237. 8227:Violence against Christians in India 7633:have lost their property, and their 7522: 7435:Theological, and Liturgical disputes 7425:and the Catholic Church broke their 6683:since their 1910 revolutions and in 6140:Catholic Church in the United States 6066:During the period of great power in 6034:, and the ban on Jews was lifted in 5821:natural law of selection by struggle 4955: 4896:sought to depose Elizabeth with the 4816:Catholic Church in England and Wales 4224:Anti-Catholicism in the Soviet Union 3878:Violence against Christians in India 3093:Historical persecution of Christians 2050:Capital punishment for homosexuality 1338:Social determinants of mental health 40:A notable 1876 editorial cartoon by 19629:Genital modification and mutilation 16482: 15232:(University of Hawaii Press, 2017) 15210: 15092: 15062:Christianity in a Revolutionary Age 14575:American Freedom and Catholic Power 14272: 14219: 13413:"Bangladesh church bomb kills nine" 12764: 12597:"Angelus, 21 August 2022 | Francis" 12570: 11508:(Kent State University Press, 2000) 11330:. The Atlanta Constitution-Journal. 11236:"The Blaine Amendment Reconsidered" 10997: 10778:"Religion and the Founding Fathers" 10397: 10345: 9395: 9062:American Review of Canadian Studies 8916: 8710:(Manchester University Press, 1993) 8249:Sectarian violence among Christians 8187:Catholic–Eastern Orthodox relations 8024:Suppression of the Society of Jesus 7865:Valley are fleeing the area as the 7412: 7408:Catholic–Eastern Orthodox relations 7364:and hundreds more in October 2007. 6998:War Minister under Combes, General 6944:came to terms with the Pope in the 6762:During the Nineteenth Century, the 5980: 5302:during an anti-internment march in 5234: 3514:Burning of convents in Spain (1931) 2170:Genital modification and mutilation 24: 18564: 16329:Forty Martyrs of England and Wales 15526:1843 and 1846 massacres in Hakkari 15292:Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 14902:Georgetown University Press, 1996. 14611:(Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2011). 14526: 14383:Nicholas Atkin and Frank Tallett, 13939: 13324:Miletitch, Nicolas (3 June 2014). 12789: 12513:Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 12302: 11929:Camarillo, Emmanuel (2020-04-16). 11577:"SLATE JUSTIFIES ANTI-CATHOLICISM" 11013:. Johns Hopkins University Press. 10462:. Brill Rodopi. pp. 209–222. 10282:. New Leaf Press. pp. 74–78. 9670:, p. 19, Stanford Univ. Press 1997 9628: 9563:"Article four and Hobson's choice" 9470:Australian Dictionary of Biography 9399:Australian Dictionary of Biography 9311:"Catholic Encyclopedia: Australia" 8847:Divided Kingdom, Ireland 1630–1800 8775:A History of the Church in England 7625:of the Moscow Patriarchate is the 7609:History of Christianity in Ukraine 7541:killed an estimated 18,000–32,000 7529:Chetnik war crimes in World War II 6956:again opposed the Church, but the 6918:followed by the imposition of the 6695: 5957:Catholic Church in the Netherlands 5632:religious character. Nonetheless, 5482:came with the 1788 arrival of the 5256:Prime Minister of Northern Ireland 5014:Anglo-French conflicts during the 4679:papal claim to unlimited authority 4008:Forty Martyrs of England and Wales 3627:Persecution of Christians in China 25: 20536: 15735:2008 Kandhamal nun gang rape case 15313: 15228:Baker, Don, and Franklin Rausch. 14279:Arkes, Hadley (1 November 1996). 14253:"Maureen Dowd's Catholic Problem" 13865:Hului, Patricia (July 19, 2021). 13830: 13523:(1987), pp. 190–191; Paul Cohen, 13521:The Origins of the Boxer Uprising 11443:The Presidency of Ulysses S Grant 10038:Encyclopædia Britannica Online - 10023:Encyclopædia Britannica Online - 9889:A concise history of Nazi Germany 9730:, New York Times, 13 January 2002 9344:Mike Cronin; Daryl Adair (2006). 8872:Oxford Companion to Irish History 8511:. 8 November 2019. Archived from 8416:HIC OSCULA PEDIBUS PAPAE FIGUNTUR 7680:Freedom of religion in Bangladesh 7561:and Catholic churches. Fifty-two 7459: 7243:Anticatholicism in Russian Empire 6399:as its presidential candidate in 6287:witchcraft trials in nearby Salem 6061: 5431:French language schools in Canada 5358:, a loyalist paramilitary group. 4798: 4546:Passional Christi und Antichristi 4485:In primarily Protestant countries 794:Legal aspects of ritual slaughter 112:Catholic priests in public office 18:Anti-Catholicism in Great Britain 20515:Criticism of the Catholic Church 20468: 20459: 20458: 20108:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 19945:Law for Protection of the Nation 19845:White genocide conspiracy theory 18519: 18518: 18507: 18475:Society of Saint Vincent de Paul 18023:Criticism of the Catholic Church 16436: 16426: 16417: 16416: 16344:Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War 15306:11.4 (2021): 21582440211058724. 14533:United States, Canada and Mexico 14390: 14377: 14354: 14327: 14300: 14244: 14204: 14175: 14151: 14127: 14101: 14087: 14069: 14051: 14037: 14004: 13976: 13877: 13858: 13843: 13824: 13791: 13772: 13745: 13718: 13671: 13659: 13625: 13595: 13553: 13530: 13513: 13496:. Carlton & Porter. p. 13483: 13458: 13433: 13405: 13388: 13370: 13348: 13290: 13234: 13168: 13141: 13103: 13070: 13035: 12990:. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 309. 12979: 12918: 12891: 12873: 12854: 12841: 12814: 12783: 12758: 12732: 12721: 12710: 12685: 12674: 12663: 12638: 12613: 12589: 12564: 12539: 12504: 12491: 12478: 12454: 12377: 12358: 12339: 12323: 12301:, p. 9 (footnote 26) cites 12292: 12276: 12273:p. 171 (1999 Palgrave Macmillan) 12263: 12223: 12210: 12197: 12184: 12158: 12142: 12104: 12086: 12072: 12066:Religion in Brazil – 2000 Census 12032: 12018: 11993: 11972: 11947: 11922: 11897: 11872: 11847: 11823: 11799: 11774: 11750: 11725: 11700: 11675: 11650: 11625: 11595: 11569: 11566:. Oxford University Press, 2003. 11556: 11538: 11511: 11498: 11481: 11448: 11435: 11402: 11334: 11319: 11284: 11266: 11227: 11214: 11085: 10922: 10887: 10860: 10821: 10812: 10799: 10776:Kaminski, John P. (March 2002). 10769: 10736: 10731:George Washington & Religion 10723: 10710:(1995) pp 154–155, quote p 155. 10700: 10687: 10660: 10642: 10623: 10610: 10594: 10540: 10531: 10515: 10503: 10494: 10476: 10424: 10371: 10336: 10318:"Poles: Victims of the Nazi Era" 10223: 10206: 10193: 10176: 10160: 10143: 10106: 10009:Encyclopædia Britannica Online: 9864:. Doubleday. pp. 290, 363. 9266:Dictionary of Canadian Biography 8949:Conflict Archive on the Internet 8759:"The Scandal of Kirkintilloch". 8244:Protestant Revolution (Maryland) 7846:This section is an excerpt from 7452:, this massacre is known as the 7358:Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War 7162:This section is an excerpt from 6940:Relations improved in 1802 when 6254:Branford Clarke illustration in 6127: 5752:Catholic Church and Nazi Germany 5692: 5334:through their area. Hundreds of 5085:, the official newspaper of the 5030:. As noted by English historian 4803: 4740:1689 Baptist Confession of Faith 4240: 3457:Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War 3055: 2663:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 2492:Law for Protection of the Nation 2386:White genocide conspiracy theory 1063: 31:Criticism of the Catholic Church 19950:MSM blood donation restrictions 19698:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 16642:First seven ecumenical councils 15521:Constantinople massacre of 1821 15186:(Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013). 14784:The Journal of American History 14549:(McGill-Queen's Studies, 2019). 14251:Weigel, George (21 June 2011). 12863:Journal of Contemporary History 12260:in the Guardian, 9 October 2005 11954:Fedschun, Travis (2020-07-12). 10383:. Macmillan. 2007. p. 58. 10250:; Norfolk Press; London; 1975; 10097: 10084: 10067: 10046: 10031: 10016: 9967: 9950: 9927: 9910: 9894: 9858:Wheaton, Eliot Barculo (1968). 9851: 9838: 9820: 9804: 9788: 9752: 9733: 9707: 9694: 9660: 9647: 9622: 9597: 9579: 9555: 9542: 9526: 9514: 9496: 9477: 9460: 9433: 9416:A Military History of Australia 9406: 9389: 9364: 9337: 9324: 9258: 9246: 9222: 9209: 9196: 9161: 9147: 9133: 9114: 9101: 9088: 9053: 9040: 9014:Histoire Sociale/Social History 9005: 8992: 8903: 8888: 8819: 8806: 8793: 8780: 8739: 8726: 8713: 8700: 8665: 8652: 8625: 8598: 8576: 8562: 8546: 8527: 8501: 8470: 8443: 7811:a group of twenty-six Catholics 7702:Catholic Church in Burkina Faso 7695: 7599:Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church 7569:from Goražde in December 1941. 7402:In primarily Orthodox countries 6779:Brazilian military dictatorship 6635:In primarily Catholic countries 6200: 5745: 5456: 5190:. These acts culminated in the 5009: 4738:, Article 25.6 (1646), and the 4366:of them (frequently, they were 4065:Oregon Compulsory Education Act 4028:Cromwellian conquest of Ireland 2497:MSM blood donation restrictions 2239:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 19963:(as religious or racial quota) 17217:Separation of church and state 15715:1998 Ramgiri-Udaygiri violence 15463:Kisrawan campaigns (1292–1305) 15076:History Of The Catholic Church 12898:Stephanie Innes (2007-12-06). 11506:Repealing national prohibition 11172:History of Education Quarterly 11122:The Catholic Historical Review 11043:History of Education Quarterly 10380:Let's Go Amsterdam 5th Edition 9766:. In Blamires, Cyprian (ed.). 9604:Fresne, Karl Du (2017-07-25). 9121:Bilefsky, Dan (22 June 2021). 8763:. Lanarkshire. 1 October 1937. 8487:: Paulist Press. p. 140. 8419: 8410: 8374:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. 8348: 8335: 8308: 8305:(accessed: November 13, 2008). 8296: 8261: 8197:History of the Catholic Church 8012:Catholic theology of sexuality 8008:modernist or liberal Catholics 7987:2019 Sri Lanka Easter bombings 7934:Catholic Church in South Korea 7927: 7919:Catholic Church in North Korea 7912: 7605:Freedom of religion in Ukraine 7372: 7215:According to Catholic charity 6687:during the twentieth century. 6449: 6351: 5950: 5593: 5273:in Northern Ireland, said, in 5245:Government of Ireland Act 1920 5063:Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829 4696:even prior to the Reformation. 4154:Catholic Church in North Korea 4018:Dissolution of the Monasteries 3158:Sasanian conquest of Jerusalem 2510:(as religious or racial quota) 979:Christian countercult movement 888:Oriental Orthodox Christianity 97:Separation of church and state 13: 1: 20377:Second-generation gender bias 20093:Constitutional colorblindness 18809:Social determinants of health 16399:Eastern Catholics in the USSR 15583:Great Famine of Mount Lebanon 15551:Tự Đức's Catholic persecution 15262:Australian Historical Studies 14848:Religion and American Culture 14511:: Stanford University Press. 14372:Institute of European History 14340:. Cambridge UP. p. 130. 14307:Lawler, Phil (13 July 2011). 14045:"AsiaNews.it 11 October 2009" 13949:[Kakure Kirishitan]. 13490:Robert Samuel Maclay (1861). 13148:McCormick, Robert B. (2014). 12501:(New York: Scribner's, 1996). 12152:A French Genocide: The Vendee 12039:Whiteside, Andrew G. (1975). 11488:Moore, Edmund Arthur (1956). 8814:Journal of Religion in Europe 8254: 8192:Catholic–Protestant relations 7813:were killed on the orders of 7771: 7672:Catholic Church in Bangladesh 7665: 7297:from the 1950s. Contemporary 7033:Italian troops breaching the 6315: 6004:dissolution of Denmark-Norway 5834:Myth of the Twentieth Century 5569:first Catholic prime minister 5182:During the 18th century, the 5103: 4491:Catholic–Protestant relations 4479:Classical Christian education 4194:2021 Canadian church burnings 3956:Religious violence in Nigeria 3489:Innocencio of Mary Immaculate 3108:Eastern Catholic persecutions 2940:Second-generation gender bias 2648:Constitutional colorblindness 1328:Social determinants of health 883:Eastern Orthodox Christianity 824:Traditional African religions 15194:Journal of Religious History 15050:(U of Michigan Press, 2004). 14469:: Indiana University Press. 14436:Hoare, Marko Attila (2006). 14400:. Cambridge University Press 14226:Greaves, Marc (2015-01-02). 13011:Vasiliev, Aleksandr (1958). 12933:. Oxford: University Press. 12346:Ulrich Muller (2009-11-25). 10601:"The Coming Catholic Church" 10431:Arab, Pooyan Tamimi (2017). 9657:(U of Michigan Press, 2004). 9537:http://catholicleader.com.au 8777:. London, A&C Black: 457 8343:Journal of Religious History 7952:Catholic Church in Sri Lanka 7945: 7879:North West Frontier Province 7825:were suppressed, leading to 7506:, and within the process of 7156: 7114:Mexican Constitution of 1917 7079:Italy took over Rome in 1870 6729:, or, in some cases, to the 6707:landowner and politician of 6257:The Ku Klux Klan in Prophecy 6022:were denied entrance to the 5916:, one of the authors of the 5843:put Rosenberg's book on the 5473: 5165:given to Protestant settlers 4682:over everything and everyone 4071:Pierce v. Society of Sisters 3243:Christianity in Saudi Arabia 779:Apostasy in Islam by country 7: 20500:Anti-Catholic organizations 20288:Medical model of disability 20140:Hate speech laws by country 15243:Religion in Communist Lands 15149:(Palgrave Macmillan, 2010). 15060:Latourette, Kenneth Scott. 14909:(Palgrave Macmillan, 2010). 14484:Sobolevski, Mihael (2004). 14444:: Oxford University Press. 13916:. Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. 13096:10.1016/j.euras.2010.10.008 13083:Journal of Eurasian Studies 12207:(1969), pp 127–146, 399–415 12026:The science of the swastika 11910:The Bakersfield Californian 11854:Kale, Wilk (12 July 2020). 11657:Lambert, Ben (2020-07-17). 11518:Thomas A. Bruscino (2010). 11326:Bush, Jeb (March 4, 2009). 11116:Verhoeven, Timothy (2014). 10867:Bilhartz, Terry D. (1986). 10667:Thomas H. O'Connor (1998). 10580:Mannard, Joseph G. (1981). 10458:Oftestad, Bernt T. (2013). 9413:Jeffrey Grey (2008-02-28). 8897:The Story of the Irish Race 8160: 7840: 7429:with each other because of 7269:108 Martyrs of World War II 6967:The Government of France's 6838:Catholic Church in Colombia 6831: 6806:COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil 6486:United States Supreme Court 6099:Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden 5846:Index Librorum Prohibitorum 5581:Christian body in Australia 4824:Catholic Church in Scotland 4350:in Northern Ireland during 4219:Conversion of Chelm Eparchy 4079:Philadelphia nativist riots 2851:Medical model of disability 2695:Hate speech laws by country 799:Religious male circumcision 10: 20541: 20397:Social model of disability 18864:Discrimination against men 18514:Catholic Church portal 16359:Saints of the Cristero War 16319:Saint Martyrs of Jasenovac 15750:2010 Manila hostage crisis 14914:Canadian Historical Review 14855:Journal of popular culture 14824:Canadian Historical Review 14459:Ramet, Sabrina P. (2006). 14407: 14396:Patrick R O'Malley (2006) 13508:mohammedan slaves to beys. 13358:. Jw.org. 13 February 2015 13116:Review of Croatian History 12533:10.1525/msem.2001.17.1.143 12525:10.1525/msem.2001.17.1.143 12371:Catholic Encyclopedia 1913 12365:Michael Ott (2009-11-25). 12352:Catholic Encyclopedia 1913 12284:Disestablishment in France 12220:(Palgrave MacMillan, 2010) 12203:Kenneth Scott Latourette, 11906:"Vandal hits Wasco church" 11234:Green, Stephen K. (1992). 10935:. Oxford UP. p. 226. 10630:Ellis, John Tracy (1956). 10013:; 2013. Web. 14 April 2013 9997:Hitler: A Study in Tyranny 9979:Hitler: A Study in Tyranny 9552:, Viking, 1997, p. 9) 9170:Canadian Historical Review 9109:Canadian Historical Review 8966:Canadian Historical Review 8803:. London, Penguin: 455–463 8721:Eighteenth Century England 8674:Journal of British Studies 8096: 8021: 8018:Suppression of the Jesuits 7976: 7949: 7931: 7916: 7845: 7794: 7784: 7738:People's Republic of China 7736:Since the founding of the 7714: 7699: 7669: 7602: 7595:Catholic Church in Ukraine 7592: 7588: 7535:World War II in Yugoslavia 7526: 7463: 7431:Ecclesiastical differences 7405: 7161: 7141:Saints of the Cristero War 6835: 6740: 6701:Georg Ritter von Schönerer 6690: 6370:Philadelphia Nativist Riot 6364:which is described in the 6137: 6131: 5998:Anti-Catholicism in Norway 5995: 5984: 5954: 5749: 5696: 5659:Fourth National Government 5401:of Toronto, was edited by 5365: 5138: 5087:Scottish Protestant League 4959: 4887:(1713), by Benjamin Harris 4820:Catholic Church in Ireland 4813: 4807: 4669:. Not only dissidents and 4655:Lutheran–Catholic dialogue 4629:Papacy with the Antichrist 4494: 4488: 4174:Anti-Catholicism in Norway 3743:108 Blessed Polish Martyrs 3432:Anti-clericalism in Mexico 2960:Social model of disability 1383:Discrimination against men 28: 20454: 20193: 20070: 19863: 19750:Opposition to immigration 19474: 19114: 18956: 18716: 18666:Race / Ethnicity 18603: 18572: 18502: 18440:Aid to the Church in Need 18430: 18287: 18100: 18061:Vatican Television Center 18036: 17946: 17836: 17706:Eastern Catholic Churches 17687: 17576: 17469: 17416: 17341: 17312: 17237: 17162: 17097: 17042: 16961: 16831: 16745: 16677: 16622: 16541: 16518: 16490: 16412: 16299:Massacre of the Innocents 16281: 16219: 16041: 15946: 15900: 15869: 15833: 15792: 15776: 15767: 15680:Maluku sectarian conflict 15511: 15471: 15433: 15400: 15382: 15373: 15359:Persecution of Christians 15283:Journal of Ritual Studies 15038:(Springer Nature, 2020). 14934: 14838:Pacific Historical Review 14717:Pacific Historical Review 14501:Tomasevich, Jozo (1975). 14309:"Anti-Catholic Catholics" 13996:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 13696:10.1017/S0026749X0500168X 13574:U.S Department of State, 13297:Darlington, John (2020). 12986:Gregory, Timothy (2010). 12390:. Heinemann. p. 90. 12311:"Freemasonry in France", 12124:A History of Christianity 11409:John T. McGreevy (2003). 11291:Tony Mauro (2003-05-20). 11166:Lazerson, Marvin (1977). 11037:Lazerson, Marvin (1977). 10896:Journal of Social History 10695:Early American Literature 10190:; pp. 245–246. 9846:Germany: a modern history 9666:Helmstadter, Richard J., 9508:The Sydney Morning Herald 9454:10.1080/00323267108401230 9350:. Routledge. p. 19. 9074:10.1080/02722010209481678 8895:MacManus, Seumas (1944). 8384:– via Google Books. 8268:Killeen, Jarlath (2014). 8239:Persecution of Christians 7979:Buddhism and Christianity 7619:Donetsk People's Republic 7466:Catholic Church in Russia 7223: 7217:Aid to the Church in Need 7180:Aid to the Church in Need 7092: 6954:French Revolution of 1848 6923:Cult of the Supreme Being 6876: 6822:evangelical Protestantism 6777:, such as the era of the 6743:Catholic Church in Brazil 6736: 6232:Heroes of the Fiery Cross 6014:, as it stated that both 5991: 5667:Fifth National Government 5553:sectarianism in Australia 5542:Irish War of Independence 5438:Manitoba Schools Question 5361: 5289:Democratic Unionist Party 5081:in County Mayo, Ireland. 4742:, Article 26.4. In 1754, 4633:Centuriators of Magdeburg 4471:Catholic religious orders 3336:European wars of religion 2291:Opposition to immigration 1177:Race / Ethnicity 784:Blasphemy laws by country 20520:Persecution of Catholics 20505:Anti-Christian sentiment 19745:Occupational segregation 19514:Compulsory sterilization 18382:Communion and Liberation 17846:Eastern Catholic liturgy 17011:Mystici Corporis Christi 16939:Sixto-Clementine Vulgate 16249:Violence against Mormons 15425:Diocletianic Persecution 15364:Anti-Christian sentiment 14769:(Ignatius Press, 1988). 14414:Franklin, James (2006), 14315:. Trinity Communications 14095:"UCANews 6 January 2014" 13820:– via GlobeEthics. 13607:South China Morning Post 13175:Subotic, Jelena (2019). 13110:Vladimir Geiger (2012). 12373:. Catholic Encyclopedia. 12354:. Catholic Encyclopedia. 12319:: 164–172, 241–250, 1905 11348:. Springer. p. 78. 11297:firstamendmentcenter.org 11009:Neem, Johann N. (2017). 10404:Esser, Raingard (2012). 9770:. ABC–CLIO. p. 10. 9228:John Edward FitzGerald, 9219:(1995) 87#4 pp: 369–395. 8450:Mehmet Karabela (2021). 8315:Mehmet Karabela (2021). 8212:History of Protestantism 8167:Anti-Christian sentiment 8151:The Pit and the Pendulum 7787:Catholic Church in Japan 7780: 7717:Catholic Church in China 7710: 7478:Pope Leo XIII and Russia 7343: 7037:at Porta Pia during the 7024: 7004:religious discrimination 6952:of 1815–1830. The brief 6862:, under the rule of the 6751:Cartoon alluding to the 6407:values mixing together. 6335:. For example, in 1788, 5961:The independence of the 5894:Night of the Long Knives 5640:Jean Baptiste Pompallier 5480:Catholicism in Australia 4728:, Article 4 (1537), the 4509:History of Protestantism 4467:would not be independent 4368:derogatorily referred to 4360:religious discrimination 4340:religious discrimination 4134:Murder of Andrea Santoro 3647:Ad Apostolorum principis 3383:Massacre in the Rue Haxo 3138:Diocletianic Persecution 2286:Occupational segregation 2055:Compulsory sterilization 219:Central African Republic 72:Religious discrimination 29:Not to be confused with 20273:Internalized oppression 20135:Fighting Discrimination 20125:Fat acceptance movement 20083:Anti-discrimination law 19723:Native American mascots 17197:Philosophy of canon law 17127:Mariology of the saints 16707:Investiture Controversy 15730:2008 Kandhamal violence 14900:Religion in Public Life 14840:78.4 (2009): 505-544. 14753:Communication Quarterly 14684:Farrelly, Maura Jane. 14594:(Greenwood Press, 1995) 14561:Billington, Ray Allen. 14416:"Freemasonry in Europe" 14368:European History Online 14059:"UCANews 4 August 2009" 13639:The Wall Street Journal 12847:Craughwell, Thomas J., 12821:Weigel, George (2001). 12444:p. 33 (2003 Brassey's) 12426:Faith & Reason 1994 12384:Edward Townley (2002). 12069:. Retrieved 2009-01-06. 11494:. Ronald Press Company. 11417:. W.W. Norton. p. 10929:Tyler Anbinder (1992). 10828:Le Beau, Bryan (1991). 8870:S. J. Connolly (2007). 8845:S. J. Connolly (2008). 8456:. New York: Routledge. 8398:By Mark U. Edwards, Jr. 8202:History of Christianity 7623:Russian Orthodox Church 7567:killing of several nuns 7470:Pope Pius IX and Russia 7423:Eastern Orthodox Church 7395:Religion in Switzerland 7146:The Power and the Glory 7083:prisoner in the Vatican 7051:Prisoner in the Vatican 6854: 6500:20th and 21st centuries 6434:Anti-Catholicism among 6010:of 1814, did not grant 5859:Bavarian People's Party 5825:survival of the fittest 5712:Between Berlin and Rome 5687:First Labour Government 5220:Great Famine of Ireland 5208:Irish Rebellion of 1798 4754:United Methodist Church 4550:Lucas Cranach the Elder 4424:anti-Filipino sentiment 4387:suspected of conspiring 3938:1989 murders of Jesuits 2836:Internalized oppression 2690:Fighting Discrimination 2680:Fat acceptance movement 2638:Anti-discrimination law 2264:Native American mascots 974:New religious movements 720:Palestinian territories 20392:Social identity threat 20365:Reverse discrimination 20355:Racial color blindness 19835:Violence against women 19815:Sex-selective abortion 18450:Catholic Charities USA 18084:Acta Apostolicae Sedis 18072:Vatican Polyglot Press 17122:Mariology of the popes 16760:Protestant Reformation 16354:North American Martyrs 15700:Maspero demonstrations 15655:Mountain War (Lebanon) 15443:Homs revolts (854–855) 15252:37.2 (2016): 147-160. 15196:39.2 (2015): 182–202. 14258:National Review Online 13850:Kurata, Akiko (2012). 13725:Strong, David (2018). 12988:A History of Byzantium 12028:, Bernard Thomas Mees. 11732:Rousselle, Christine. 11301:First Amendment Center 10807:Alexander von Humboldt 10616:Robert Emmett Curran, 10237:; pp. 141–2 10199:Fest, Joachim (1996). 9905:The Third Reich at War 9887:Bendersky, Joseph W., 9795:Mosse, George Lachmann 9373:The Irish in Australia 8773:J.R.H. Moorman (1973) 8632:Edward Peters (1989). 8435:Mark U. Edwards, Jr., 8400:Fortress Press, 2004. 7973:Anti-Catholic violence 7940:Jeju Island Naval Base 7731:1905 Tibetan Rebellion 7684:Religion in Bangladesh 7487: 7474:Pope Pius X and Russia 7454:Massacre of the Latins 7237: 7054: 7015:Grand Orient de France 6964:process in 1962–1965. 6898: 6756: 6540: 6529: 6384:American Tract Society 6261: 6247: 6191:Arthur Schlesinger Sr. 6175:Protestant Reformation 6008:Norwegian Constitution 5889: 5715: 5313:In 2001 and 2002, the 5155:As punishment for the 5152: 4952: 4888: 4842: 4838:Foxe's Book of Martyrs 4756:. In his notes on the 4736:Westminster Confession 4698: 4647:, wrote the 12-volume 4565: 4560:, signing and selling 4558:Pope as the Antichrist 4538: 4505:Protestant Reformation 4432:anti-Spanish sentiment 4247:Catholicism portal 4084:Ursuline Convent riots 4013:Irish Catholic Martyrs 3908:Four U.S. missionaries 3617:Martyr Saints of China 3283:Maspero demonstrations 3178:Massacre of the Latins 2955:Social identity threat 2928:Reverse discrimination 2918:Racial color blindness 2376:Violence against women 2356:Sex-selective abortion 967:Religious antisemitism 45: 20360:Religious intolerance 20320:Political correctness 20150:Intersex human rights 20098:Cultural assimilation 19780:Religious persecution 19544:Disability hate crime 19329:Jewish / Antisemitism 18204:Good Shepherd Sisters 18046:Holy See Press Office 17284:Doctors of the Church 17117:Immaculate Conception 17072:Anointing of the Sick 16607:History of the papacy 15969:Tomás Garrido Canabal 15964:Plutarco Elías Calles 15882:Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah 15720:1999 Ranalai violence 15695:Boko Haram insurgency 15536:1860 Lebanon conflict 15245:14.2 (1986): 124-133. 15089:35.2 (2022): 225-246. 14941:Aston, Nigel (2002). 14826:66.4 (1985): 474-494. 14590:Cogliano, Francis D. 13914:Encyclopedia of Japan 13785:The Catholic Register 13525:History in Three Keys 13332:. AFP. Archived from 13056:10.1353/kri.2008.0090 12849:The Gentile Holocaust 12417:Blood-Drenched Altars 11362:Steven Green (2010). 11134:10.1353/cat.2014.0218 11093:"Papal Infallibility" 10410:. Brill. p. 34. 10354:World and Its Peoples 9182:10.3138/chr-041-04-01 9111:58.4 (1977): 399–422. 9096:Canadian Encyclopedia 9026:10.1353/his.2011.0006 8978:10.3138/chr-066-04-03 8928:TheFreeDictionary.com 8354:John W. O'Malley SJ, 8345:39.2 (2015): 182–202. 8029:Prime Minister Pombal 7977:Further information: 7877:laws in parts of the 7661:Non-Christian nations 7651:Russian Orthodox Army 7485: 7249:Catholicism in Poland 7231: 7122:Plutarco Elías Calles 7032: 6884: 6750: 6731:Old Catholic Churches 6535: 6507: 6253: 6245:Zarephath, New Jersey 6241:Pillar of Fire Church 6220: 6138:Further information: 6121:Charles XII of Sweden 5871: 5863:Catholic Centre Party 5855:Political Catholicism 5710: 5671:Michael Joseph Savage 5500:Castle Hill Rebellion 5376:Catholicism in Canada 5372:Anti-Quebec sentiment 5368:Anti-French sentiment 5366:Further information: 5271:Minister of Education 5200:Battle of the Diamond 5173:Parliament of Ireland 5163:were confiscated and 5146: 5051:Catholic emancipation 4942: 4882: 4857:of 1534 declared the 4835: 4814:Further information: 4684:reminded them of the 4659: 4552:, from Luther's 1521 4544: 4516: 4440:anti-Polish sentiment 4436:anti-Slavic sentiment 4364:religious persecution 4344:religious persecution 3754:In Poloniae annalibus 3703:Marcel Nguyễn Tân Văn 3653:Ignatius Kung Pin-Mei 3263:Christianity in Sudan 2923:Religious intolerance 2883:Political correctness 2705:Intersex human rights 2653:Cultural assimilation 2321:Religious persecution 2085:Disability hate crime 1862:Jewish / Antisemitism 816:Religious persecution 39: 19765:Political repression 18769:Anti-left handedness 18759:Anti-intellectualism 18077:L'Osservatore Romano 18015:Role in civilisation 17741:Croatian and Serbian 17489:Episcopal conference 17451:St. Peter's Basilica 16809:Sexual abuse scandal 16765:Catholic Reformation 16029:Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi 15959:Mwanga II of Buganda 15685:Nag Hammadi massacre 15486:Revolt in the Vendée 15294:42.1 (2011): 59-87. 15163:10.1093/past/51.1.27 15145:Verhoeven, Timothy. 15087:Revolutionary Russia 14981:10.1093/past/52.1.23 14905:Verhoeven, Timothy. 14898:Thiemann, Ronald F. 14866:23.1 (2020): 76-98. 14812:Menendez, Albert J. 14607:Cruz, Joel Morales. 14509:Stanford, California 14467:Bloomington, Indiana 14334:Nigel Aston (2002). 14211:W. L. A. Don Peter. 13831:鞠, 志强 (2015-09-09). 13752:Lary, Diana (2015). 13684:Modern Asian Studies 13678:Lary, Diana (2005). 12885:L'Osservatore Romano 12082:. Fórum. 2020-07-25. 11835:Catholic News Agency 11738:Catholic News Agency 10634:American Catholicism 10043:; web 25 April 2013. 9232:(U of Ottawa, 1997) 9002:28#1 (2006): 129–152 8816:7#2 (2014): 116–149. 8142:Melmoth the Wanderer 7762:Feng County, Jiangsu 7332:Bieszczady Mountains 7303:Archbishop Wyszyński 7276:Reichsgau Wartheland 7043:Breccia di Porta Pia 6958:Second French Empire 6795:kicking of the saint 6785:movements (instead, 6626:movement, but other 6537:Guardians of Liberty 6341:New York Legislature 6225:illustration in the 6080:Charles IX of Sweden 5930:Mit brennender Sorge 5904:, was assassinated. 5881:An Honourable Defeat 5768:faced repression in 5034:in her seminal work 5016:French Revolutionary 4789:religious toleration 4643:which was headed by 4605:Charles Taze Russell 4569:Protestant Reformers 4420:anti-Irish sentiment 3577:Bernhard Lichtenberg 3556:Mit brennender Sorge 3494:José María of Manila 3427:José Sánchez del Río 3409:Iniquis afflictisque 3378:Martyrs of Compiègne 2306:Political repression 1288:Anti-left handedness 1278:Anti-intellectualism 77:Religious censorship 20268:Historical eugenics 19805:Segregation academy 19785:Religious terrorism 19574:Enemy of the people 19482:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 18996:Jehovah's Witnesses 18889:Perpetual foreigner 18412:Neocatechumenal Way 18377:Charismatic Renewal 18091:Annuario Pontificio 17689:Particular churches 17365:Ecumenical councils 17137:Perpetual virginity 16972:Communitas perfecta 16916:Sermon on the Mount 16404:21 Martyrs of Libya 16384:522 Spanish Martyrs 16379:498 Spanish Martyrs 16374:233 Spanish Martyrs 15415:Persecution in Lyon 15273:19.1 (1967): 3-16. 15204:Empires of religion 15182:Wolffe, John, ed., 15129:. Templeton Press. 14916:48.1 (1967): 45-58. 14882:. Templeton Press. 14850:9.1 (1999): 97-128. 14816:(McFarland, 2014). 14755:(1998) 46#1 pp 12+. 14693:Greeley, Andrew M. 14545:Anderson, Kevin P. 13609:. 16 January 2019. 13077:Weeks, Ted (2011). 12906:on December 3, 2008 12461:Ruiz, Ramón Eduardo 12438:Scheina, Robert L. 12387:Mussolini and Italy 12216:Timothy Verhoeven. 11441:Charles W. Calhoun 11274:"Blaine Amendments" 10908:10.1353/jsh/5.4.411 10697:41.1 (2006): 29–57. 10673:. UPNE. p. 6. 10603:. By David Gibson. 10324:on 28 November 2005 10028:; web 25 April 2013 9510:. 10 February 2006. 8799:Steven Roud (2006) 8557:Library of Congress 8290:10.3366/j.ctt9qdrh2 7809:On 5 February 1597 7797:26 Martyrs of Japan 7742:under state control 7631:Jehovah's Witnesses 7613:Religion in Ukraine 7440:In April 1182, the 7108:In the wake of the 7008:French armed forces 6950:Bourbon Restoration 6787:Liberation theology 6703:(1842–1921) was an 6671:and the program of 6565:The passage of the 6514:Knights of Columbus 6456:papal infallibility 6372:of 1844. Historian 6306:American Revolution 6239:, published by the 6088:Battle of Stångebro 6076:Linköping Bloodbath 5644:freedom of religion 5510:, was appointed as 5423:In response to the 5229:Act of Emancipation 5192:Armagh disturbances 4972:Papists Act of 1778 4933:Glorious Revolution 4902:Regnans in Excelsis 4847:English Reformation 4686:Apocalyptic imagery 4650:Magdeburg Centuries 4447:early modern period 4356:second Ku Klux Klan 4214:Martyrs of Pratulin 3923:Ignacio Martín-Baró 3622:Auguste Chapdelaine 3509:522 Spanish Martyrs 3504:498 Spanish Martyrs 3499:233 Spanish Martyrs 2831:Historical eugenics 2346:Segregation academy 2326:Religious terrorism 2115:Enemy of the people 2023:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 1521:Jehovah's Witnesses 1408:Perpetual foreigner 87:Religious pluralism 52:Freedom of religion 20180:Social integration 20175:Self-determination 20165:Racial integration 20113:Diversity training 20103:Cultural pluralism 20078:Affirmative action 19978:Racial segregation 19888:Crime of apartheid 19790:Religious violence 19293:Indigenous people 18693:Sexual orientation 18249:Premonstratensians 16632:Ante-Nicene period 16510:Lists of Catholics 16394:Martyrs of Daimiel 16369:Vietnamese Martyrs 16309:Carthusian Martyrs 15908:Toyotomi Hideyoshi 15777:Early Christianity 15620:Red Terror (Spain) 15556:Hamidian massacres 15453:Bashmurian revolts 15448:Martyrs of Córdoba 15420:Decian persecution 15410:Great Fire of Rome 15384:Early Christianity 15074:Mourret, Fernand. 15046:Gross, Michael B. 14967:(Edinburgh, 1985). 14857:35.2 (2001): 129+. 14829:Moore; Leonard J. 14554:Bennett, David H. 14065:on 13 August 2009. 13833:"可歌可泣的河北天主教抗日救亡斗争" 12790:Online, Catholic. 12765:ACN (2024-01-09). 12571:ACN (2022-07-04). 12484:Mark Almond (1996) 12422:2017-11-09 at the 12307:, pp. 138–141 11663:New Haven Register 11581:CatholicLeague.org 11262:– via JSTOR. 10809:, December 6, 1813 10717:2019-04-06 at the 10706:Francis Cogliano, 10092:Hitler a Biography 9811:Shirer, William L. 9745:2013-09-26 at the 9700:Michael B. Gross, 9653:Michael B. Gross, 9239:2021-11-11 at the 9206:(1974) pp. 253–262 9127:The New York Times 8909:Feargal Cochrane, 8831:2008-01-03 at the 8723:(1974) pp. 469–472 8719:Dorothy Marshall, 8539:2008-10-10 at the 8515:on 10 October 2008 8105:English literature 8093:In popular culture 8078:Catholic education 8036:suppressed in the 7957:Government actions 7861:The minorities in 7827:an armed rebellion 7823:Japanese Catholics 7819:Tokugawa Shogunate 7815:Toyotomi Hideyoshi 7764:on 18 March 1943. 7748:Chinese Christians 7655:Human Rights Watch 7647:Ukrainian Orthodox 7488: 7444:population of the 7328:Komańcza Monastery 7280:General Government 7261:Invasion of Poland 7238: 7185:The situation led 7120:Mexican President 7110:Mexican Revolution 7055: 6992:Affaire Des Fiches 6908:Dechristianization 6899: 6757: 6673:dechristianization 6541: 6530: 6494:Charles W. Calhoun 6393:Know-Nothing Party 6366:Book of Revelation 6270:Congregationalists 6262: 6248: 6183:medieval despotism 6084:Sigismund III Vasa 5716: 5618:Treaty of Waitangi 5526:Church Act of 1836 5393:Alessandro Gavazzi 5356:Red Hand Defenders 5315:Holy Cross dispute 5153: 5069:Early 20th century 5055:Duke of Wellington 4984:Lord George Gordon 4953: 4889: 4843: 4758:Book of Revelation 4623:, as well as most 4566: 4539: 4529:, commissioned by 4306:states, including 3888:Devasahayam Pillai 3683:Vietnamese Martyrs 3479:Martyrs of Daimiel 3468:Dilectissima Nobis 3151:Neo-Persian Empire 2735:Social integration 2730:Self-determination 2720:Racial integration 2668:Diversity training 2658:Cultural pluralism 2633:Affirmative action 2525:Racial segregation 2435:Crime of apartheid 2331:Religious violence 1826:Indigenous people 1204:Sexual orientation 142:Confessional state 46: 20482: 20481: 20350:Racism by country 20278:Intersectionality 20263:Heteronormativity 20062:Voter suppression 19810:Sexual harassment 19609:Forced conversion 19529:Cultural genocide 19192:African Americans 19006:post–Cold War era 18991:Eastern Orthodoxy 18754:Anti-drug addicts 18749:Anti-homelessness 18676:Scientific racism 18532: 18531: 17942: 17941: 17335: 17158: 17157: 16850: 16827: 16826: 16819:COVID-19 pandemic 16789:French Revolution 16779:Thirty Years' War 16687:Islamic conquests 16600:Apostolic fathers 16535: 16450: 16449: 16256:Oriental Orthodox 16037: 16036: 15810:Septimius Severus 15763: 15762: 15593:Assyrian genocide 15588:Armenian genocide 15496:Kakure Kirishitan 15481:French Revolution 15271:Political Science 15188:Table of contents 15136:978-1-59947-499-1 15040:links to chapters 14954:978-0-521-46592-2 14889:978-1-59947-499-1 14775:978-0-89870-177-7 14758:Jensen, Richard. 14573:Blanshard, Paul. 14538:Anbinder, Tyler. 14518:978-0-8047-0857-9 14476:978-0-253-34656-8 14451:978-0-19-726380-8 14429:978-0-9758015-4-3 14360:Christine Vogel, 14347:978-0-521-46592-2 14020:Yahoo! News India 13951:Dijitaru Daijisen 13519:Joseph Esherick, 13310:978-0-300-24676-6 13188:978-1-5017-4241-5 13161:978-0-85772-535-6 13028:978-0-299-80926-3 12997:978-1-4051-8471-7 12972:978-0-521-26645-1 12940:978-0-19-280290-3 12834:978-0-06-018793-4 12827:. HarperCollins. 12771:ACN International 12650:ACN International 12625:ACN International 12577:ACN International 12551:ACN International 12474:978-0-393-31066-5 12450:978-1-57488-452-4 12397:978-0-435-32725-5 12303:Larkin, Maurice, 12243:978-0-521-35857-6 12177:978-0-8014-2718-3 12050:978-0-52002-434-2 11982:. 24 January 2021 11935:Chicago Sun-Times 11613:. The Slate Group 11605:(12 March 2000). 11562:Phillip Jenkins. 11531:978-1-57233-695-7 11474:978-0-393-04760-8 11455:McGreevy (2003). 11428:978-0-393-04760-8 11395:978-0-19-998601-9 11375:978-0-19-974159-5 11355:978-3-319-58931-2 11307:on April 24, 2010 11020:978-1-4214-2321-0 10942:978-0-19-508922-6 10880:978-0-8386-3227-7 10787:. pp. 1, 4. 10762:978-1-55553-359-5 10751:. UPNE. pp. 10743:O'Connor (1998). 10680:978-1-55553-359-5 10620:(2014) pp 201–202 10607:: Published 2004. 10563:978-0-19-517604-9 10469:978-94-012-0963-2 10444:978-1-4742-9144-6 10417:978-90-04-20807-0 10390:978-0-312-37454-9 10364:978-0-7614-7890-4 10289:978-0-89221-591-1 10269:Libionka, Dariusz 10256:978-0-85211-009-6 10235:978-0-85211-009-6 10218:978-0-14-303790-3 10188:978-0-14-303790-3 10157:(US); p. 92. 10062:978-3-03911-904-2 9871:978-0-575-00184-8 9777:978-1-57607-940-9 9426:978-1-139-46828-2 9382:978-0-86840-146-1 9357:978-0-203-00714-3 9046:J.M.C. Careless, 8881:978-0-19-923483-7 8856:978-0-19-958387-4 8658:David M. Loades, 8645:978-0-520-06630-4 8618:978-0-8010-3575-3 8494:978-0-8091-3040-5 8463:978-0-367-54954-1 8406:978-0-8006-3735-4 8381:978-0-8028-0732-8 8328:978-0-367-54954-1 8281:978-0-7486-9080-0 8038:Portuguese Empire 7871:Lawrence Saldanha 7805:Kakure Kirishitan 7523:Former Yugoslavia 7380:separate alliance 7350:Spanish Civil War 7338:Pope John Paul II 7265:Pope John Paul II 7234:Jerzy Popiełuszko 6946:Concordat of 1801 6927:War in the Vendée 6903:French Revolution 6844:conspiracy theory 6665:French Revolution 6612:St Junipero Serra 6556:political machine 6482:Blaine Amendments 6401:the 1856 election 6325:George Washington 6235:(1928) by Bishop 6167:Jenkins, Philip. 6093:Holy Roman Empire 6024:Kingdom of Norway 6012:religious freedom 6006:in 1814, the new 5778:Germanic paganism 5720:Otto von Bismarck 5538:Irish Australians 5521:Church of England 5512:Prefect Apostolic 5416:A key leader was 5293:MP for Mid Ulster 5157:rebellion of 1641 5028:national identity 4980:British Catholics 4956:Gordon Riots 1780 4785:Enlightenment Era 4726:Smalcald Articles 4706:Reformed churches 4459:French Revolution 4418:sentiments (e.g. 4281: 4280: 3913:Ignacio Ellacuría 3824:Aloysius Stepinac 3794:József Mindszenty 3774:Jerzy Popiełuszko 3761:Gloriosam Reginam 3728:Maksymilian Kolbe 3688:Andrew of Phú Yên 3633:Ad Sinarum gentem 3582:Max Josef Metzger 3373:War in the Vendée 3343:Thirty Years' War 3296:Islamic terrorism 3213:Assyrian genocide 3208:Armenian genocide 3050: 3049: 2913:Racism by country 2841:Intersectionality 2826:Heteronormativity 2609:Voter suppression 2351:Sexual harassment 2150:Forced conversion 2070:Cultural genocide 1725:African Americans 1531:post–Cold War era 1516:Eastern Orthodoxy 1273:Anti-drug addicts 1268:Anti-homelessness 1187:Scientific racism 1042: 1041: 878:Jehovah's Witness 854:post–Cold War era 806: 805: 161:Status by country 82:Religious liberty 16:(Redirected from 20532: 20510:Anti-clericalism 20495:Anti-Catholicism 20472: 20471: 20462: 20461: 20402:Social privilege 20387:Social exclusion 20315:Police brutality 20236:Multiculturalism 20206:Amatonormativity 20037:Social exclusion 19873:Age of candidacy 19673:Homeless dumping 19579:Ethnic cleansing 18559: 18552: 18545: 18536: 18535: 18522: 18521: 18512: 18511: 18254:Redemptoristines 18102:Religious orders 18028:Anti-Catholicism 17978:Church buildings 17838:Catholic liturgy 17578:Consecrated life 17436:Apostolic Palace 17403:Synod of Bishops 17339: 17338: 17315: 16921:Ten Commandments 16854: 16853: 16836: 16737:Age of Discovery 16571:Great Commission 16539: 16538: 16523: 16477: 16470: 16463: 16454: 16453: 16440: 16430: 16429: 16420: 16419: 16389:Martyrs of Turon 16339:Martyrs of Japan 16292: 16239:Eastern Orthodox 16222:persecuted group 15774: 15773: 15755:Genocide by ISIL 15690:Kosheh massacres 15660:Beer Hall Putsch 15546:Kucheng massacre 15541:Tianjin Massacre 15491:Martyrs of Japan 15380: 15379: 15349: 15342: 15335: 15326: 15325: 15211:Asia and Pacific 15179: 15166: 15155:Past and Present 15140: 15118: 15053:Joskowicz, Ari. 15031: 14992: 14973:Past and Present 14958: 14947:. Cambridge UP. 14929: 14893: 14807: 14748: 14679: 14642: 14522: 14497: 14480: 14455: 14432: 14401: 14394: 14388: 14381: 14375: 14358: 14352: 14351: 14331: 14325: 14324: 14322: 14320: 14313:Catholic Culture 14304: 14298: 14297: 14295: 14293: 14276: 14270: 14269: 14267: 14265: 14248: 14242: 14241: 14239: 14238: 14223: 14217: 14216: 14208: 14202: 14201: 14199: 14198: 14189:. Archived from 14179: 14173: 14172: 14170: 14169: 14155: 14149: 14148: 14146: 14145: 14131: 14125: 14124: 14122: 14120: 14105: 14099: 14098: 14091: 14085: 14084: 14079:. Archived from 14073: 14067: 14066: 14061:. Archived from 14055: 14049: 14048: 14041: 14035: 14034: 14032: 14031: 14008: 14002: 14001: 13995: 13987: 13980: 13974: 13973: 13971: 13970: 13961:. Archived from 13943: 13937: 13936: 13934: 13933: 13924:. Archived from 13906: 13900: 13899: 13897: 13896: 13881: 13875: 13874: 13862: 13856: 13855: 13847: 13841: 13840: 13828: 13822: 13821: 13819: 13818: 13812: 13805: 13795: 13789: 13788: 13776: 13770: 13769: 13749: 13743: 13742: 13722: 13716: 13715: 13675: 13669: 13663: 13657: 13655: 13653: 13651: 13629: 13623: 13622: 13620: 13618: 13599: 13593: 13592: 13585: 13579: 13572: 13566: 13565: 13557: 13551: 13550: 13548: 13547: 13534: 13528: 13517: 13511: 13510: 13505: 13504: 13487: 13481: 13480: 13478: 13477: 13462: 13456: 13455: 13453: 13452: 13437: 13431: 13430: 13428: 13426: 13409: 13403: 13402: 13392: 13386: 13385: 13374: 13368: 13367: 13365: 13363: 13352: 13346: 13345: 13343: 13341: 13321: 13315: 13314: 13294: 13288: 13287: 13285: 13283: 13277: 13270: 13262: 13256: 13255: 13253: 13251: 13246: 13238: 13232: 13226: 13217: 13211: 13205: 13199: 13193: 13192: 13172: 13166: 13165: 13145: 13139: 13133: 13124: 13123: 13107: 13101: 13100: 13098: 13074: 13068: 13067: 13039: 13033: 13032: 13008: 13002: 13001: 12983: 12977: 12976: 12960: 12951: 12945: 12944: 12922: 12916: 12915: 12913: 12911: 12902:. Archived from 12895: 12889: 12888: 12877: 12871: 12870: 12858: 12852: 12845: 12839: 12838: 12818: 12812: 12809: 12800: 12799: 12787: 12781: 12780: 12778: 12777: 12762: 12756: 12755: 12753: 12751: 12746:. 24 August 2023 12744:Associated Press 12736: 12730: 12725: 12719: 12714: 12708: 12707: 12705: 12704: 12689: 12683: 12678: 12672: 12667: 12661: 12660: 12658: 12657: 12642: 12636: 12635: 12633: 12632: 12617: 12611: 12610: 12608: 12607: 12593: 12587: 12586: 12584: 12583: 12568: 12562: 12561: 12559: 12558: 12543: 12537: 12536: 12508: 12502: 12495: 12489: 12482: 12476: 12458: 12452: 12436: 12427: 12415:Van Hove, Brian 12413: 12402: 12401: 12381: 12375: 12374: 12362: 12356: 12355: 12343: 12337: 12329:Michael Broers, 12327: 12321: 12320: 12308: 12296: 12290: 12280: 12274: 12267: 12261: 12254: 12248: 12247: 12227: 12221: 12214: 12208: 12201: 12195: 12188: 12182: 12181: 12162: 12156: 12150:Reynald Secher. 12146: 12140: 12133: 12127: 12120: 12111: 12108: 12102: 12101: 12090: 12084: 12083: 12076: 12070: 12061: 12055: 12054: 12036: 12030: 12022: 12016: 12015: 12013: 12012: 11997: 11991: 11990: 11988: 11987: 11976: 11970: 11969: 11967: 11966: 11951: 11945: 11944: 11942: 11941: 11926: 11920: 11919: 11917: 11916: 11901: 11895: 11894: 11892: 11891: 11876: 11870: 11869: 11867: 11866: 11851: 11845: 11844: 11842: 11841: 11827: 11821: 11820: 11818: 11817: 11803: 11797: 11796: 11794: 11793: 11786:The Mercury News 11778: 11772: 11771: 11769: 11768: 11754: 11748: 11747: 11745: 11744: 11729: 11723: 11722: 11720: 11719: 11704: 11698: 11697: 11695: 11694: 11679: 11673: 11672: 11670: 11669: 11654: 11648: 11647: 11645: 11644: 11637:The Mercury News 11629: 11623: 11622: 11620: 11618: 11599: 11593: 11592: 11590: 11588: 11573: 11567: 11560: 11554: 11553: 11552:. March 7, 2016. 11542: 11536: 11535: 11515: 11509: 11504:David E. Kyvig, 11502: 11496: 11495: 11485: 11479: 11478: 11462: 11452: 11446: 11439: 11433: 11432: 11416: 11406: 11400: 11399: 11379: 11359: 11338: 11332: 11331: 11323: 11317: 11316: 11314: 11312: 11303:. Archived from 11288: 11282: 11281: 11270: 11264: 11263: 11231: 11225: 11220:Michael Gordon, 11218: 11212: 11211: 11163: 11154: 11153: 11113: 11107: 11106: 11104: 11103: 11097:Catholic Answers 11089: 11083: 11082: 11034: 11025: 11024: 11006: 10995: 10994: 10988: 10980: 10956: 10947: 10946: 10926: 10920: 10919: 10891: 10885: 10884: 10864: 10858: 10857: 10834:American Studies 10825: 10819: 10816: 10810: 10803: 10797: 10796: 10782: 10773: 10767: 10766: 10750: 10747:Boston Catholics 10740: 10734: 10729:Paul F. Boller, 10727: 10721: 10704: 10698: 10691: 10685: 10684: 10664: 10658: 10646: 10640: 10639: 10637: 10627: 10621: 10614: 10608: 10598: 10592: 10591: 10586:. Archived from 10577: 10568: 10567: 10544: 10538: 10535: 10529: 10519: 10513: 10507: 10501: 10498: 10492: 10480: 10474: 10473: 10455: 10449: 10448: 10428: 10422: 10421: 10401: 10395: 10394: 10375: 10369: 10368: 10349: 10343: 10340: 10334: 10333: 10331: 10329: 10314: 10308: 10307: 10305: 10304: 10298: 10292:. Archived from 10277: 10265: 10259: 10244: 10238: 10227: 10221: 10210: 10204: 10197: 10191: 10180: 10174: 10164: 10158: 10147: 10141: 10138: 10132: 10129: 10120: 10110: 10104: 10101: 10095: 10088: 10082: 10071: 10065: 10052:Richard Bonney; 10050: 10044: 10040:Alfred Rosenberg 10035: 10029: 10020: 10014: 10007: 10001: 9989: 9983: 9971: 9965: 9954: 9948: 9945: 9934: 9931: 9925: 9914: 9908: 9901:Richard J. Evans 9898: 9892: 9885: 9879: 9878: 9855: 9849: 9844:Dill, Marshall, 9842: 9836: 9827:Fischel, Jack R. 9824: 9818: 9808: 9802: 9792: 9786: 9785: 9756: 9750: 9737: 9731: 9724: 9718: 9713:Ronald J. Ross, 9711: 9705: 9698: 9692: 9691: 9688:God's Playground 9681: 9677: 9671: 9664: 9658: 9651: 9645: 9644: 9642: 9641: 9626: 9620: 9619: 9617: 9616: 9601: 9595: 9586:Colenso, William 9583: 9577: 9576: 9574: 9573: 9559: 9553: 9546: 9540: 9530: 9524: 9518: 9512: 9511: 9500: 9494: 9493: 9481: 9475: 9474: 9464: 9458: 9457: 9437: 9431: 9430: 9410: 9404: 9403: 9393: 9387: 9386: 9368: 9362: 9361: 9341: 9335: 9328: 9322: 9321: 9319: 9318: 9307: 9301: 9300: 9298: 9297: 9282: 9273: 9262: 9256: 9250: 9244: 9226: 9220: 9213: 9207: 9200: 9194: 9193: 9165: 9159: 9158: 9151: 9145: 9144: 9137: 9131: 9130: 9118: 9112: 9105: 9099: 9092: 9086: 9085: 9057: 9051: 9050:(1959) 1:172–174 9044: 9038: 9037: 9009: 9003: 9000:Recusant History 8996: 8990: 8989: 8961: 8952: 8938: 8932: 8931: 8920: 8914: 8907: 8901: 8900: 8892: 8886: 8885: 8867: 8861: 8860: 8842: 8836: 8823: 8817: 8810: 8804: 8801:The English Year 8797: 8791: 8784: 8778: 8771: 8765: 8764: 8756: 8750: 8743: 8737: 8730: 8724: 8717: 8711: 8704: 8698: 8697: 8669: 8663: 8656: 8650: 8649: 8629: 8623: 8622: 8602: 8596: 8580: 8574: 8573: 8566: 8560: 8550: 8544: 8531: 8525: 8524: 8522: 8520: 8505: 8499: 8498: 8474: 8468: 8467: 8447: 8441: 8432: 8426: 8423: 8417: 8414: 8408: 8392: 8386: 8385: 8365: 8359: 8352: 8346: 8339: 8333: 8332: 8312: 8306: 8300: 8294: 8293: 8265: 8172:Anti-clericalism 7831:went underground 7801:Martyrs of Japan 7752:paramount leader 7723:Daoguang Emperor 7563:Catholic priests 7446:Byzantine Empire 7442:Eastern Orthodox 7419:East–West Schism 7413:Byzantine Empire 7295:Communist regime 7284:Maximilian Kolbe 7255:, following the 6981:Bloc republicain 6791:Neo-Pentecostals 6755:crisis in Brazil 6640:Anti-clericalism 6576:Great Depression 6425:McGuffey Readers 6421:King James Bible 6397:Millard Fillmore 6374:David Montgomery 6362:Whore of Babylon 6346:Thomas Jefferson 6333:Founding Fathers 6302:Intolerable Acts 6274:John Tracy Ellis 6161:American history 6072:Thirty Years War 5981:Nordic countries 5887: 5840:Sanctum Officium 5829:Alfred Rosenberg 5796:Alfred Rosenberg 5788: 5782:Richard J. Evans 5576:B. A. Santamaria 5478:The presence of 5340:British soldiers 5317:occurred in the 5260:Southern Ireland 5241:Northern Ireland 5235:Northern Ireland 5184:Peep o' Day Boys 5149:Peep o' Day Boys 5133:Guy Fawkes Night 5126:Northern Ireland 5047:Daniel O'Connell 4945:The Gordon Riots 4892:Spain. In 1570, 4885:Protestant Tutor 4855:Act of Supremacy 4645:Matthias Flacius 4523:Papstspottbilder 4451:anti-clericalism 4348:Ulster loyalists 4336:Catholic rituals 4328:anti-clericalism 4312:Northern Ireland 4302:, some majority- 4286:, also known as 4284:Anti-Catholicism 4273: 4266: 4259: 4245: 4244: 3804:Severian Baranyk 3799:Eugene Bossilkov 3768:Invicti athletae 3738:Stefan Wyszyński 3693:Nguyễn Văn Thuận 3640:Cupimus Imprimis 3484:Bartolomé Blanco 3474:Martyrs of Turon 3323:Martyrs of Japan 3223:Kosheh massacres 3198:Muslim conquests 3171:Byzantine Empire 3059: 3052: 3051: 3042: 3035: 3028: 2965:Social privilege 2950:Social exclusion 2878:Police brutality 2799:Multiculturalism 2769:Amatonormativity 2584:Social exclusion 2420:Age of candidacy 2214:Homeless dumping 2120:Ethnic cleansing 1067: 1044: 1043: 1034: 1027: 1020: 166: 165: 102:Anti-clericalism 48: 47: 21: 20540: 20539: 20535: 20534: 20533: 20531: 20530: 20529: 20485: 20484: 20483: 20478: 20450: 20325:Polyculturalism 20221:Civil liberties 20189: 20170:Reappropriation 20071:Countermeasures 20066: 19995:Racial steering 19961:Numerus clausus 19865: 19859: 19584:Ethnic conflict 19519:Corrective rape 19470: 19110: 19065:minority Muslim 18952: 18844:HIV/AIDS stigma 18712: 18661:Mental disorder 18599: 18568: 18563: 18533: 18528: 18506: 18498: 18477: 18460:Relief Services 18426: 18372:Catholic Action 18362:Military orders 18299:Confraternities 18291:of the faithful 18290: 18283: 18105: 18096: 18032: 17938: 17832: 17691: 17683: 17616:Prior, Prioress 17572: 17465: 17461:Vatican Museums 17412: 17345: 17331: 17327: 17323: 17319: 17314: 17308: 17233: 17187:Social teaching 17154: 17093: 17038: 16993:One true church 16957: 16934:Sixtine Vulgate 16930:Official Bible 16844: 16840: 16835: 16823: 16741: 16673: 16618: 16588:Petrine primacy 16531: 16527: 16522: 16514: 16486: 16484:Catholic Church 16481: 16451: 16446: 16408: 16314:Chinese Martyrs 16286: 16285: 16277: 16221: 16215: 16043: 16033: 16019:Abubakar Shekau 15942: 15913:Tokugawa Ieyasu 15896: 15865: 15829: 15815:Maximinus Thrax 15788: 15769: 15759: 15650:Damour massacre 15645:Chouf massacres 15635:Istanbul pogrom 15615:Shusha massacre 15603:İzmit massacres 15573:Boxer Rebellion 15568:Candia massacre 15507: 15467: 15429: 15396: 15375: 15369: 15368: 15353: 15316: 15213: 15137: 15107:10.2307/4048544 15012:10.2307/3654412 14955: 14937: 14932: 14890: 14796:10.2307/2952736 14765:Keating, Karl. 14729:10.2307/3636570 14660:10.2307/3654412 14631:10.2307/1891707 14535: 14529: 14527:Further reading 14519: 14492:(in Croatian). 14477: 14452: 14430: 14410: 14405: 14404: 14395: 14391: 14382: 14378: 14359: 14355: 14348: 14332: 14328: 14318: 14316: 14305: 14301: 14291: 14289: 14286:Crisis Magazine 14277: 14273: 14263: 14261: 14249: 14245: 14236: 14234: 14232:Catholic Herald 14224: 14220: 14209: 14205: 14196: 14194: 14181: 14180: 14176: 14167: 14165: 14163:www.asianews.it 14157: 14156: 14152: 14143: 14141: 14139:www.asianews.it 14133: 14132: 14128: 14118: 14116: 14106: 14102: 14093: 14092: 14088: 14083:on 12 May 2012. 14075: 14074: 14070: 14057: 14056: 14052: 14043: 14042: 14038: 14029: 14027: 14010: 14009: 14005: 13989: 13988: 13982: 13981: 13977: 13968: 13966: 13945: 13944: 13940: 13931: 13929: 13908: 13907: 13903: 13894: 13892: 13883: 13882: 13878: 13863: 13859: 13848: 13844: 13829: 13825: 13816: 13814: 13810: 13803: 13800:"抗日战争时期的河北天主教会" 13796: 13792: 13777: 13773: 13766: 13750: 13746: 13739: 13723: 13719: 13676: 13672: 13664: 13660: 13649: 13647: 13630: 13626: 13616: 13614: 13601: 13600: 13596: 13587: 13586: 13582: 13573: 13569: 13558: 13554: 13545: 13543: 13536: 13535: 13531: 13518: 13514: 13502: 13500: 13488: 13484: 13475: 13473: 13463: 13459: 13450: 13448: 13438: 13434: 13424: 13422: 13411: 13410: 13406: 13398:. 28 Aug 2014. 13394: 13393: 13389: 13376: 13375: 13371: 13361: 13359: 13354: 13353: 13349: 13339: 13337: 13336:on 20 June 2014 13322: 13318: 13311: 13295: 13291: 13281: 13279: 13278:on 26 July 2011 13275: 13268: 13264: 13263: 13259: 13249: 13247: 13244: 13240: 13239: 13235: 13229:Sobolevski 2004 13227: 13220: 13212: 13208: 13200: 13196: 13189: 13173: 13169: 13162: 13146: 13142: 13136:Tomasevich 1975 13134: 13127: 13108: 13104: 13075: 13071: 13040: 13036: 13029: 13009: 13005: 12998: 12984: 12980: 12973: 12953: 12952: 12948: 12941: 12923: 12919: 12909: 12907: 12896: 12892: 12879: 12878: 12874: 12859: 12855: 12846: 12842: 12835: 12819: 12815: 12810: 12803: 12796:Catholic Online 12788: 12784: 12775: 12773: 12763: 12759: 12749: 12747: 12738: 12737: 12733: 12726: 12722: 12715: 12711: 12702: 12700: 12691: 12690: 12686: 12679: 12675: 12668: 12664: 12655: 12653: 12644: 12643: 12639: 12630: 12628: 12619: 12618: 12614: 12605: 12603: 12595: 12594: 12590: 12581: 12579: 12569: 12565: 12556: 12554: 12545: 12544: 12540: 12509: 12505: 12496: 12492: 12483: 12479: 12459: 12455: 12437: 12430: 12424:Wayback Machine 12414: 12405: 12398: 12382: 12378: 12363: 12359: 12344: 12340: 12328: 12324: 12310: 12297: 12293: 12282:Paul Sabatier, 12281: 12277: 12269:Burns, Michael 12268: 12264: 12255: 12251: 12244: 12228: 12224: 12215: 12211: 12202: 12198: 12189: 12185: 12178: 12164: 12163: 12159: 12147: 12143: 12134: 12130: 12121: 12114: 12109: 12105: 12092: 12091: 12087: 12078: 12077: 12073: 12062: 12058: 12051: 12037: 12033: 12023: 12019: 12010: 12008: 11999: 11998: 11994: 11985: 11983: 11978: 11977: 11973: 11964: 11962: 11952: 11948: 11939: 11937: 11927: 11923: 11914: 11912: 11902: 11898: 11889: 11887: 11877: 11873: 11864: 11862: 11852: 11848: 11839: 11837: 11829: 11828: 11824: 11815: 11813: 11805: 11804: 11800: 11791: 11789: 11780: 11779: 11775: 11766: 11764: 11756: 11755: 11751: 11742: 11740: 11730: 11726: 11717: 11715: 11705: 11701: 11692: 11690: 11681: 11680: 11676: 11667: 11665: 11655: 11651: 11642: 11640: 11631: 11630: 11626: 11616: 11614: 11600: 11596: 11586: 11584: 11583:. 16 March 2000 11575: 11574: 11570: 11561: 11557: 11544: 11543: 11539: 11532: 11516: 11512: 11503: 11499: 11486: 11482: 11475: 11453: 11449: 11440: 11436: 11429: 11407: 11403: 11396: 11376: 11356: 11339: 11335: 11324: 11320: 11310: 11308: 11289: 11285: 11272: 11271: 11267: 11232: 11228: 11219: 11215: 11164: 11157: 11114: 11110: 11101: 11099: 11091: 11090: 11086: 11035: 11028: 11021: 11007: 10998: 10982: 10981: 10957: 10950: 10943: 10927: 10923: 10892: 10888: 10881: 10865: 10861: 10826: 10822: 10817: 10813: 10804: 10800: 10780: 10774: 10770: 10763: 10741: 10737: 10728: 10724: 10719:Wayback Machine 10705: 10701: 10692: 10688: 10681: 10665: 10661: 10647: 10643: 10628: 10624: 10615: 10611: 10599: 10595: 10578: 10571: 10564: 10548:Jenkins, Philip 10545: 10541: 10536: 10532: 10520: 10516: 10508: 10504: 10499: 10495: 10481: 10477: 10470: 10456: 10452: 10445: 10429: 10425: 10418: 10402: 10398: 10391: 10377: 10376: 10372: 10365: 10351: 10350: 10346: 10341: 10337: 10327: 10325: 10316: 10315: 10311: 10302: 10300: 10296: 10290: 10275: 10266: 10262: 10245: 10241: 10228: 10224: 10211: 10207: 10198: 10194: 10181: 10177: 10165: 10161: 10148: 10144: 10139: 10135: 10130: 10123: 10111: 10107: 10102: 10098: 10089: 10085: 10072: 10068: 10051: 10047: 10036: 10032: 10021: 10017: 10008: 10004: 9990: 9986: 9972: 9968: 9955: 9951: 9946: 9937: 9932: 9928: 9915: 9911: 9899: 9895: 9886: 9882: 9872: 9856: 9852: 9843: 9839: 9825: 9821: 9809: 9805: 9793: 9789: 9778: 9757: 9753: 9747:Wayback Machine 9738: 9734: 9725: 9721: 9712: 9708: 9699: 9695: 9679: 9678: 9674: 9665: 9661: 9652: 9648: 9639: 9637: 9627: 9623: 9614: 9612: 9602: 9598: 9584: 9580: 9571: 9569: 9561: 9560: 9556: 9547: 9543: 9539:; July 26, 2017 9531: 9527: 9519: 9515: 9502: 9501: 9497: 9482: 9478: 9465: 9461: 9438: 9434: 9427: 9411: 9407: 9394: 9390: 9383: 9369: 9365: 9358: 9342: 9338: 9329: 9325: 9316: 9314: 9313:. Newadvent.org 9309: 9308: 9304: 9295: 9293: 9284: 9283: 9276: 9263: 9259: 9251: 9247: 9241:Wayback Machine 9227: 9223: 9217:Ontario History 9214: 9210: 9201: 9197: 9166: 9162: 9153: 9152: 9148: 9139: 9138: 9134: 9119: 9115: 9106: 9102: 9093: 9089: 9058: 9054: 9045: 9041: 9010: 9006: 8997: 8993: 8962: 8955: 8940:Heatley, Colm. 8939: 8935: 8922: 8921: 8917: 8908: 8904: 8893: 8889: 8882: 8868: 8864: 8857: 8843: 8839: 8833:Wayback Machine 8824: 8820: 8811: 8807: 8798: 8794: 8785: 8781: 8772: 8768: 8758: 8757: 8753: 8744: 8740: 8731: 8727: 8718: 8714: 8705: 8701: 8670: 8666: 8657: 8653: 8646: 8630: 8626: 8619: 8603: 8599: 8581: 8577: 8568: 8567: 8563: 8551: 8547: 8541:Wayback Machine 8532: 8528: 8518: 8516: 8507: 8506: 8502: 8495: 8475: 8471: 8464: 8448: 8444: 8433: 8429: 8424: 8420: 8415: 8411: 8393: 8389: 8382: 8366: 8362: 8353: 8349: 8340: 8336: 8329: 8313: 8309: 8301: 8297: 8282: 8266: 8262: 8257: 8217:Hindu terrorism 8163: 8155:Edgar Allan Poe 8147:Charles Maturin 8109:popular fiction 8101: 8095: 8026: 8020: 7989: 7975: 7959: 7954: 7948: 7936: 7930: 7925: 7917:Main articles: 7915: 7910: 7909: 7851: 7843: 7807: 7793: 7785:Main articles: 7783: 7774: 7727:Boxer Rebellion 7719: 7713: 7704: 7698: 7686: 7670:Main articles: 7668: 7663: 7615: 7601: 7593:Main articles: 7591: 7531: 7525: 7480: 7464:Main articles: 7462: 7415: 7410: 7404: 7375: 7370: 7346: 7226: 7221: 7220: 7176:Rolando Alvarez 7167: 7159: 7095: 7039:Capture of Rome 7027: 6879: 6871:Communist Party 6857: 6840: 6834: 6764:Religious Issue 6753:Religious Issue 6745: 6739: 6719:German-speaking 6714:Away from Rome! 6709:Austria-Hungary 6698: 6696:Austria-Hungary 6693: 6669:Reign of Terror 6637: 6605:and journalist 6596:Catholic League 6592:John F. Kennedy 6588:white Americans 6502: 6478:James G. Blaine 6452: 6440:Edgardo Mortara 6354: 6318: 6223:Branford Clarke 6203: 6154: 6136: 6130: 6064: 6000: 5994: 5989: 5983: 5959: 5953: 5944:clergy barracks 5936:Church Struggle 5906:Adalbert Probst 5902:Catholic Action 5898:Erich Klausener 5888: 5878: 5867:Reich concordat 5831:, who wrote in 5786: 5766:Catholic Church 5762: 5748: 5705: 5697:Main articles: 5695: 5683:social reformer 5665:, who lead the 5657:, who lead the 5651:prime ministers 5614:Irish Catholics 5596: 5557:First World War 5476: 5459: 5433: 5418:Dalton McCarthy 5378: 5364: 5338:, backed up by 5252:Sir James Craig 5237: 5216: 5161:Irish Catholics 5141: 5114:Geoffrey Fisher 5106: 5071: 5020:Napoleonic Wars 5012: 4994:and widespread 4964: 4958: 4951: 4830: 4812: 4806: 4801: 4519:Papstspotbilder 4511: 4493: 4487: 4438:, specifically 4428:anti-Italianism 4292:Catholic Church 4277: 4239: 4234: 4233: 4209: 4199: 4198: 4189: 4179: 4178: 4169: 4159: 4158: 4149: 4139: 4138: 4129: 4119: 4118: 4109:Pedro Calungsod 4099: 4089: 4088: 4043: 4033: 4032: 3993: 3979: 3978: 3969: 3959: 3958: 3953: 3943: 3942: 3903: 3893: 3892: 3873: 3863: 3862: 3858:Theodore Romzha 3830:Meminisse iuvat 3819:Zynoviy Kovalyk 3789: 3779: 3778: 3718: 3708: 3707: 3698:Trương Bửu Diệp 3678: 3668: 3667: 3612: 3602: 3601: 3592:Erich Klausener 3545: 3535: 3534: 3529: 3519: 3518: 3452: 3442: 3441: 3398: 3388: 3387: 3363: 3353: 3352: 3338: 3328: 3327: 3318: 3308: 3307: 3298: 3288: 3287: 3278: 3268: 3267: 3258: 3248: 3247: 3238: 3228: 3227: 3193: 3183: 3182: 3173: 3163: 3162: 3153: 3143: 3142: 3128: 3118: 3117: 3088: 3079:Catholic Church 3076: 3046: 3017: 3016: 3015: 3014: 3013: 2888:Polyculturalism 2784:Civil liberties 2756: 2748: 2747: 2746: 2745: 2744: 2725:Reappropriation 2625: 2624:Countermeasures 2617: 2616: 2615: 2614: 2613: 2542:Racial steering 2508:Numerus clausus 2412: 2404: 2403: 2402: 2401: 2400: 2125:Ethnic conflict 2060:Corrective rape 2015: 2007: 2006: 2005: 2004: 2003: 1650: 1639: 1638: 1637: 1636: 1635: 1590:minority Muslim 1485: 1475: 1474: 1473: 1472: 1471: 1363:HIV/AIDS stigma 1235: 1227: 1226: 1225: 1224: 1223: 1172:Mental disorder 1114: 1106: 1105: 1104: 1103: 1102: 1075: 1038: 1008:Religion portal 1002: 1001: 1000: 866:Catholic Church 818: 808: 807: 612:North Macedonia 577:Northern Cyprus 384:Northern Cyprus 163: 153: 152: 151: 127: 126: 117:Confessionalism 61: 34: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 20538: 20528: 20527: 20522: 20517: 20512: 20507: 20502: 20497: 20480: 20479: 20477: 20476: 20466: 20455: 20452: 20451: 20449: 20448: 20443: 20442: 20441: 20431: 20426: 20421: 20420: 20419: 20414: 20409: 20399: 20394: 20389: 20384: 20379: 20374: 20373: 20372: 20370:Reverse racism 20362: 20357: 20352: 20347: 20342: 20340:Prisoner abuse 20337: 20332: 20330:Power distance 20327: 20322: 20317: 20312: 20307: 20302: 20297: 20296: 20295: 20285: 20280: 20275: 20270: 20265: 20260: 20255: 20250: 20248:Ethnic penalty 20245: 20244: 20243: 20241:Neurodiversity 20238: 20228: 20226:Dehumanization 20223: 20218: 20216:Cisnormativity 20213: 20208: 20203: 20197: 20195: 20194:Related topics 20191: 20190: 20188: 20187: 20182: 20177: 20172: 20167: 20162: 20157: 20152: 20147: 20142: 20137: 20132: 20127: 20122: 20117: 20116: 20115: 20105: 20100: 20095: 20090: 20085: 20080: 20074: 20072: 20068: 20067: 20065: 20064: 20059: 20054: 20052:State religion 20049: 20044: 20039: 20034: 20033: 20032: 20027: 20022: 20017: 20007: 20002: 19997: 19992: 19991: 19990: 19988:Nuremberg Laws 19985: 19975: 19970: 19965: 19957: 19952: 19947: 19942: 19937: 19932: 19930:Ghetto benches 19927: 19925:Gerrymandering 19922: 19917: 19912: 19910:Gender pay gap 19907: 19906: 19905: 19900: 19890: 19885: 19880: 19875: 19869: 19867: 19864:Discriminatory 19861: 19860: 19858: 19857: 19852: 19847: 19842: 19837: 19832: 19827: 19822: 19817: 19812: 19807: 19802: 19797: 19792: 19787: 19782: 19777: 19772: 19767: 19762: 19757: 19752: 19747: 19742: 19741: 19740: 19735: 19730: 19720: 19715: 19710: 19705: 19700: 19695: 19693:Lavender scare 19690: 19688:Kill Haole Day 19685: 19683:Indian rolling 19680: 19675: 19670: 19665: 19660: 19659: 19658: 19648: 19643: 19642: 19641: 19631: 19626: 19621: 19616: 19611: 19606: 19601: 19596: 19591: 19586: 19581: 19576: 19571: 19569:Eliminationism 19566: 19561: 19556: 19551: 19546: 19541: 19536: 19531: 19526: 19521: 19516: 19511: 19506: 19504:Cancel culture 19501: 19496: 19491: 19490: 19489: 19478: 19476: 19475:Manifestations 19472: 19471: 19469: 19468: 19463: 19458: 19453: 19448: 19443: 19438: 19433: 19428: 19423: 19418: 19413: 19408: 19403: 19398: 19393: 19388: 19383: 19378: 19373: 19371:Middle Eastern 19368: 19363: 19358: 19353: 19348: 19343: 19338: 19337: 19336: 19326: 19321: 19316: 19311: 19310: 19309: 19304: 19299: 19291: 19286: 19281: 19276: 19271: 19266: 19261: 19256: 19251: 19246: 19241: 19236: 19231: 19226: 19221: 19216: 19211: 19206: 19205: 19204: 19199: 19194: 19184: 19179: 19174: 19173: 19172: 19167: 19162: 19152: 19147: 19142: 19137: 19132: 19127: 19121: 19119: 19112: 19111: 19109: 19108: 19106:Zoroastrianism 19103: 19098: 19093: 19088: 19083: 19082: 19081: 19071: 19070: 19069: 19068: 19067: 19062: 19057: 19052: 19047: 19032: 19031: 19030: 19028:Untouchability 19025: 19015: 19010: 19009: 19008: 19003: 18998: 18993: 18988: 18978: 18973: 18968: 18962: 18960: 18954: 18953: 18951: 18950: 18945: 18940: 18939: 18938: 18933: 18928: 18918: 18917: 18916: 18911: 18901: 18896: 18891: 18886: 18881: 18876: 18871: 18866: 18861: 18856: 18854:Leprosy stigma 18851: 18846: 18841: 18836: 18831: 18826: 18821: 18816: 18811: 18806: 18801: 18796: 18791: 18786: 18781: 18776: 18771: 18766: 18761: 18756: 18751: 18746: 18741: 18736: 18731: 18726: 18720: 18718: 18714: 18713: 18711: 18710: 18705: 18700: 18695: 18690: 18685: 18680: 18679: 18678: 18673: 18663: 18658: 18653: 18648: 18643: 18638: 18633: 18628: 18623: 18618: 18613: 18607: 18605: 18601: 18600: 18598: 18597: 18592: 18587: 18582: 18576: 18574: 18570: 18569: 18566:Discrimination 18562: 18561: 18554: 18547: 18539: 18530: 18529: 18527: 18526: 18516: 18503: 18500: 18499: 18497: 18496: 18491: 18486: 18481: 18478: 18472: 18467: 18462: 18457: 18452: 18447: 18442: 18436: 18434: 18428: 18427: 18425: 18424: 18419: 18414: 18409: 18407:Legion of Mary 18404: 18399: 18394: 18389: 18384: 18379: 18374: 18369: 18364: 18359: 18358: 18357: 18356: 18355: 18345: 18344: 18343: 18336:Lay Carmelites 18333: 18323: 18322: 18321: 18316: 18311: 18306: 18295: 18293: 18285: 18284: 18282: 18281: 18276: 18271: 18266: 18261: 18256: 18251: 18246: 18241: 18236: 18231: 18226: 18221: 18216: 18211: 18206: 18201: 18196: 18191: 18186: 18184:Conceptionists 18181: 18176: 18171: 18166: 18161: 18156: 18151: 18146: 18141: 18136: 18131: 18126: 18121: 18119:Assumptionists 18115: 18113: 18098: 18097: 18095: 18094: 18087: 18080: 18073: 18070: 18069: 18068: 18063: 18058: 18048: 18042: 18040: 18034: 18033: 18031: 18030: 18025: 18020: 18017: 18012: 18007: 18002: 17997: 17992: 17987: 17986: 17985: 17975: 17970: 17965: 17964: 17963: 17952: 17950: 17944: 17943: 17940: 17939: 17937: 17936: 17935: 17934: 17933: 17932: 17927: 17922: 17917: 17907: 17902: 17897: 17887: 17886: 17885: 17884: 17883: 17873: 17868: 17863: 17858: 17853: 17842: 17840: 17834: 17833: 17831: 17830: 17829: 17828: 17823: 17821:Syro-Malankara 17818: 17813: 17808: 17803: 17798: 17793: 17788: 17783: 17778: 17773: 17771:Italo-Albanian 17768: 17763: 17758: 17753: 17748: 17743: 17738: 17733: 17728: 17723: 17718: 17713: 17703: 17697: 17695: 17685: 17684: 17682: 17681: 17680: 17679: 17674: 17669: 17659: 17654: 17653: 17652: 17642: 17641: 17640: 17635: 17625: 17620: 17619: 17618: 17613: 17608: 17603: 17589: 17582: 17580: 17574: 17573: 17571: 17570: 17565: 17560: 17555: 17554: 17553: 17548: 17543: 17538: 17533: 17528: 17523: 17518: 17513: 17508: 17498: 17497: 17496: 17491: 17480: 17478: 17467: 17466: 17464: 17463: 17458: 17453: 17448: 17443: 17441:Lateran Treaty 17438: 17433: 17428: 17422: 17420: 17414: 17413: 17411: 17410: 17405: 17400: 17399: 17398: 17388: 17387: 17386: 17381: 17367: 17362: 17353: 17351: 17336: 17310: 17309: 17307: 17306: 17301: 17296: 17291: 17286: 17281: 17276: 17271: 17266: 17261: 17260: 17259: 17254: 17243: 17241: 17235: 17234: 17232: 17231: 17230: 17229: 17224: 17214: 17213: 17212: 17202: 17199: 17194: 17189: 17184: 17179: 17177:Moral theology 17174: 17168: 17166: 17160: 17159: 17156: 17155: 17153: 17152: 17147: 17144: 17139: 17134: 17129: 17124: 17119: 17114: 17109: 17103: 17101: 17095: 17094: 17092: 17091: 17086: 17081: 17080: 17079: 17069: 17064: 17059: 17054: 17048: 17046: 17040: 17039: 17037: 17036: 17031: 17024: 17019: 17014: 17007: 17002: 17001: 17000: 16995: 16985: 16980: 16975: 16967: 16965: 16959: 16958: 16956: 16955: 16950: 16949: 16948: 16941: 16936: 16928: 16923: 16918: 16913: 16908: 16903: 16898: 16893: 16888: 16883: 16878: 16877: 16876: 16871: 16860: 16858: 16851: 16829: 16828: 16825: 16824: 16822: 16821: 16816: 16811: 16806: 16801: 16796: 16791: 16786: 16781: 16776: 16775: 16774: 16773: 16772: 16762: 16751: 16749: 16743: 16742: 16740: 16739: 16734: 16729: 16724: 16719: 16714: 16709: 16704: 16699: 16694: 16692:Pope Gregory I 16689: 16683: 16681: 16675: 16674: 16672: 16671: 16666: 16664:Biblical canon 16661: 16659:Late antiquity 16656: 16655: 16654: 16649: 16639: 16634: 16628: 16626: 16620: 16619: 16617: 16616: 16615: 16614: 16604: 16603: 16602: 16595:Church fathers 16592: 16591: 16590: 16585: 16575: 16574: 16573: 16568: 16563: 16558: 16547: 16545: 16536: 16529:Ecclesiastical 16516: 16515: 16513: 16512: 16507: 16502: 16497: 16491: 16488: 16487: 16480: 16479: 16472: 16465: 16457: 16448: 16447: 16445: 16444: 16434: 16424: 16413: 16410: 16409: 16407: 16406: 16401: 16396: 16391: 16386: 16381: 16376: 16371: 16366: 16364:Uganda Martyrs 16361: 16356: 16351: 16346: 16341: 16336: 16334:Korean Martyrs 16331: 16326: 16321: 16316: 16311: 16306: 16301: 16295: 16293: 16279: 16278: 16276: 16275: 16270: 16269: 16268: 16263: 16253: 16252: 16251: 16241: 16236: 16231: 16225: 16223: 16217: 16216: 16214: 16213: 16208: 16203: 16198: 16193: 16188: 16183: 16178: 16173: 16168: 16163: 16161:Ottoman Empire 16158: 16153: 16148: 16143: 16138: 16133: 16128: 16123: 16118: 16113: 16108: 16103: 16098: 16093: 16088: 16083: 16078: 16073: 16068: 16063: 16058: 16053: 16047: 16045: 16039: 16038: 16035: 16034: 16032: 16031: 16026: 16021: 16016: 16011: 16006: 16001: 15996: 15991: 15989:Vladimir Lenin 15986: 15981: 15976: 15971: 15966: 15961: 15956: 15950: 15948: 15944: 15943: 15941: 15940: 15938:Queen Jeongsun 15935: 15930: 15925: 15920: 15915: 15910: 15904: 15902: 15898: 15897: 15895: 15894: 15889: 15884: 15879: 15873: 15871: 15867: 15866: 15864: 15863: 15858: 15853: 15848: 15843: 15837: 15835: 15834:Late Antiquity 15831: 15830: 15828: 15827: 15822: 15817: 15812: 15807: 15802: 15796: 15794: 15790: 15789: 15787: 15786: 15780: 15778: 15771: 15765: 15764: 15761: 15760: 15758: 15757: 15752: 15747: 15742: 15737: 15732: 15727: 15722: 15717: 15712: 15707: 15702: 15697: 15692: 15687: 15682: 15677: 15675:Sumgait pogrom 15672: 15667: 15662: 15657: 15652: 15647: 15642: 15640:Black Thursday 15637: 15632: 15627: 15622: 15617: 15612: 15607: 15606: 15605: 15598:Greek genocide 15595: 15590: 15585: 15580: 15578:Adana massacre 15575: 15570: 15565: 15564: 15563: 15553: 15548: 15543: 15538: 15533: 15528: 15523: 15517: 15515: 15509: 15508: 15506: 15505: 15500: 15499: 15498: 15488: 15483: 15477: 15475: 15469: 15468: 15466: 15465: 15460: 15455: 15450: 15445: 15439: 15437: 15431: 15430: 15428: 15427: 15422: 15417: 15412: 15406: 15404: 15398: 15397: 15395: 15394: 15388: 15386: 15377: 15371: 15370: 15367: 15366: 15361: 15355: 15352: 15351: 15344: 15337: 15329: 15323: 15322: 15315: 15314:External links 15312: 15311: 15310: 15299: 15298: 15287: 15286: 15285:(2005): 55-65. 15278: 15277: 15266: 15265: 15257: 15256: 15246: 15238: 15237: 15225: 15224: 15212: 15209: 15208: 15207: 15200: 15190: 15180: 15167: 15150: 15142: 15141: 15135: 15119: 15101:(4): 331–359. 15090: 15083: 15072: 15065: 15058: 15051: 15043: 15042: 15032: 15000:Church History 14994: 14993: 14968: 14963:Bruce, Steve. 14960: 14959: 14953: 14936: 14933: 14931: 14930: 14917: 14910: 14903: 14895: 14894: 14888: 14871: 14870: 14859: 14858: 14851: 14844: 14834: 14827: 14820: 14809: 14808: 14778: 14777: 14763: 14756: 14749: 14723:(2): 121–137. 14712: 14707:Higham; John. 14705: 14698: 14690: 14689: 14681: 14680: 14648:Church History 14643: 14625:(2): 205–224. 14613: 14612: 14605: 14595: 14588: 14581: 14570: 14569: 14559: 14551: 14550: 14543: 14534: 14531: 14530: 14528: 14525: 14524: 14523: 14517: 14498: 14481: 14475: 14456: 14450: 14433: 14428: 14409: 14406: 14403: 14402: 14389: 14376: 14353: 14346: 14326: 14299: 14271: 14243: 14218: 14203: 14174: 14150: 14126: 14100: 14086: 14068: 14050: 14036: 14014:SindhToday.net 14003: 13975: 13938: 13901: 13885:"Martyrs List" 13876: 13857: 13842: 13823: 13790: 13771: 13765:978-2763717951 13764: 13744: 13738:978-1925643633 13737: 13717: 13670: 13658: 13624: 13594: 13580: 13578:, 17 Nov 2010. 13567: 13552: 13529: 13527:(1997), p. 51. 13512: 13482: 13457: 13432: 13404: 13387: 13384:. 20 Mar 2015. 13369: 13347: 13316: 13309: 13289: 13257: 13233: 13231:, p. 149. 13218: 13216:, p. 146. 13206: 13204:, p. 143. 13194: 13187: 13167: 13160: 13140: 13138:, p. 259. 13125: 13102: 13069: 13034: 13027: 13003: 12996: 12978: 12971: 12946: 12939: 12927:"Great Schism" 12917: 12890: 12872: 12853: 12840: 12833: 12813: 12801: 12782: 12757: 12731: 12720: 12709: 12684: 12673: 12662: 12637: 12612: 12601:www.vatican.va 12588: 12563: 12538: 12519:(1): 143–169. 12503: 12490: 12477: 12453: 12428: 12403: 12396: 12376: 12367:"Pope Pius IX" 12357: 12338: 12322: 12291: 12275: 12262: 12249: 12242: 12222: 12209: 12196: 12183: 12176: 12157: 12141: 12135:Tallet, Frank 12128: 12126:(1995), p. 266 12112: 12103: 12085: 12071: 12056: 12049: 12031: 12017: 11992: 11971: 11946: 11921: 11896: 11871: 11846: 11822: 11798: 11773: 11749: 11724: 11699: 11674: 11649: 11624: 11594: 11568: 11555: 11537: 11530: 11510: 11497: 11480: 11473: 11447: 11445:(2017) p. 505. 11434: 11427: 11401: 11394: 11374: 11354: 11333: 11318: 11283: 11280:on 2002-10-04. 11265: 11252:10.2307/845452 11226: 11213: 11184:10.2307/367880 11178:(3): 297–317. 11155: 11128:(4): 695–720. 11108: 11084: 11055:10.2307/367880 11049:(3): 297–317. 11026: 11019: 10996: 10948: 10941: 10921: 10886: 10879: 10859: 10840:(1): 101–114. 10820: 10811: 10798: 10768: 10761: 10735: 10722: 10699: 10686: 10679: 10659: 10641: 10622: 10609: 10593: 10590:on 2009-10-27. 10569: 10562: 10539: 10530: 10514: 10502: 10493: 10475: 10468: 10450: 10443: 10423: 10416: 10396: 10389: 10370: 10363: 10344: 10335: 10309: 10288: 10260: 10239: 10222: 10220:; p. 244. 10205: 10192: 10175: 10159: 10142: 10133: 10121: 10105: 10096: 10083: 10081:; p. 136. 10066: 10064:; p. 122. 10045: 10030: 10025:Martin Bormann 10015: 10002: 9984: 9966: 9949: 9935: 9926: 9924:; p. 196. 9909: 9893: 9880: 9870: 9850: 9837: 9819: 9803: 9787: 9776: 9760:Griffin, Roger 9751: 9732: 9719: 9706: 9693: 9672: 9659: 9646: 9621: 9596: 9578: 9554: 9541: 9525: 9513: 9495: 9476: 9459: 9432: 9425: 9405: 9388: 9381: 9375:. NSWU Press. 9363: 9356: 9336: 9323: 9302: 9274: 9257: 9254:online edition 9245: 9221: 9208: 9195: 9176:(4): 281–307. 9160: 9146: 9132: 9113: 9100: 9087: 9068:(4): 639–672. 9052: 9039: 9004: 8991: 8972:(4): 474–494. 8953: 8933: 8915: 8902: 8887: 8880: 8862: 8855: 8837: 8818: 8805: 8792: 8779: 8766: 8751: 8745:E. R. Norman. 8738: 8734:Church History 8725: 8712: 8706:Colin Haydon, 8699: 8686:10.1086/661200 8680:(4): 863–891. 8664: 8651: 8644: 8624: 8617: 8597: 8595:: Vol. 1, 469. 8575: 8561: 8559:(May 8, 2009). 8545: 8526: 8500: 8493: 8480:Building Unity 8469: 8462: 8442: 8439:(2004), p. 199 8427: 8418: 8409: 8387: 8380: 8360: 8347: 8334: 8327: 8307: 8295: 8280: 8259: 8258: 8256: 8253: 8252: 8251: 8246: 8241: 8236: 8235: 8234: 8229: 8224: 8214: 8209: 8204: 8199: 8194: 8189: 8184: 8179: 8174: 8169: 8162: 8159: 8117:Gothic fiction 8097:Main article: 8094: 8091: 8058:Spanish Empire 8022:Main article: 8019: 8016: 7974: 7971: 7958: 7955: 7950:Main article: 7947: 7944: 7932:Main article: 7929: 7926: 7914: 7911: 7852: 7844: 7842: 7839: 7782: 7779: 7773: 7770: 7715:Main article: 7712: 7709: 7700:Main article: 7697: 7694: 7667: 7664: 7662: 7659: 7643:Greek Catholic 7639:Roman Catholic 7627:state religion 7590: 7587: 7574:war in Croatia 7555:Greater Serbia 7524: 7521: 7461: 7460:Russian Empire 7458: 7450:Constantinople 7427:full communion 7414: 7411: 7406:Main article: 7403: 7400: 7374: 7371: 7369: 7366: 7356:. Hundreds of 7345: 7342: 7225: 7222: 7168: 7160: 7158: 7155: 7097:Following the 7094: 7091: 7087:Lateran Treaty 7059:House of Savoy 7047:Carlo Ademollo 7035:Aurelian Walls 7026: 7023: 7002:, had imposed 6969:Third Republic 6916:Cult of Reason 6878: 6875: 6856: 6853: 6836:Main article: 6833: 6830: 6818:Rio de Janeiro 6741:Main article: 6738: 6735: 6721:population of 6697: 6694: 6692: 6689: 6636: 6633: 6567:18th Amendment 6526:Southern Mafia 6501: 6498: 6451: 6448: 6389: 6388: 6353: 6350: 6317: 6314: 6202: 6199: 6187: 6186: 6132:Main article: 6129: 6126: 6104:Battle of Rain 6063: 6062:Swedish Empire 6060: 6058:respectively. 5996:Main article: 5993: 5990: 5985:Main article: 5982: 5979: 5955:Main article: 5952: 5949: 5918:Marburg speech 5900:, the head of 5876: 5800:Martin Bormann 5747: 5744: 5728:ultramontanism 5694: 5691: 5689:of the 1930s. 5679:trade unionist 5595: 5592: 5588:anti-Christian 5504:Jeremiah Flynn 5496:Fr James Dixon 5492:1798 Rebellion 5475: 5472: 5458: 5455: 5432: 5429: 5363: 5360: 5321:area of north 5296:William McCrea 5282:Dr Gerard Newe 5236: 5233: 5215: 5212: 5140: 5137: 5105: 5102: 5101: 5100: 5096: 5095: 5070: 5067: 5024:social classes 5011: 5008: 4960:Main article: 4957: 4954: 4943: 4914:Gunpowder Plot 4808:Main article: 4805: 4802: 4800: 4799:British Empire 4797: 4746:published his 4675:abuse of power 4613:Roger Williams 4597:Ellen G. White 4589:Thomas Cranmer 4501:Great Apostasy 4489:Main article: 4486: 4483: 4463:Emilia-Romagna 4394:, such as the 4334:), mockery of 4279: 4278: 4276: 4275: 4268: 4261: 4253: 4250: 4249: 4236: 4235: 4232: 4231: 4226: 4221: 4216: 4210: 4205: 4204: 4201: 4200: 4197: 4196: 4190: 4185: 4184: 4181: 4180: 4177: 4176: 4170: 4165: 4164: 4161: 4160: 4157: 4156: 4150: 4145: 4144: 4141: 4140: 4137: 4136: 4130: 4125: 4124: 4121: 4120: 4117: 4116: 4111: 4106: 4100: 4095: 4094: 4091: 4090: 4087: 4086: 4081: 4076: 4075: 4074: 4062: 4055: 4050: 4044: 4039: 4038: 4035: 4034: 4031: 4030: 4025: 4020: 4015: 4010: 4005: 4000: 3994: 3985: 3984: 3981: 3980: 3977: 3976: 3974:Stanley Rother 3970: 3965: 3964: 3961: 3960: 3954: 3949: 3948: 3945: 3944: 3941: 3940: 3935: 3930: 3928:Segundo Montes 3925: 3920: 3918:Rutilio Grande 3915: 3910: 3904: 3899: 3898: 3895: 3894: 3891: 3890: 3885: 3880: 3874: 3869: 3868: 3865: 3864: 3861: 3860: 3855: 3850: 3845: 3843:Sára Salkaházi 3840: 3833: 3826: 3821: 3816: 3811: 3806: 3801: 3796: 3790: 3787:Eastern Europe 3785: 3784: 3781: 3780: 3777: 3776: 3771: 3764: 3757: 3750: 3745: 3740: 3735: 3730: 3725: 3719: 3714: 3713: 3710: 3709: 3706: 3705: 3700: 3695: 3690: 3685: 3679: 3674: 3673: 3670: 3669: 3666: 3665: 3660: 3655: 3650: 3643: 3636: 3629: 3624: 3619: 3613: 3608: 3607: 3604: 3603: 3600: 3599: 3594: 3589: 3584: 3579: 3574: 3569: 3564: 3559: 3552: 3546: 3541: 3540: 3537: 3536: 3532:Titus Brandsma 3530: 3525: 3524: 3521: 3520: 3517: 3516: 3511: 3506: 3501: 3496: 3491: 3486: 3481: 3476: 3471: 3464: 3459: 3453: 3448: 3447: 3444: 3443: 3440: 3439: 3434: 3429: 3424: 3419: 3412: 3405: 3399: 3394: 3393: 3390: 3389: 3386: 3385: 3380: 3375: 3370: 3364: 3359: 3358: 3355: 3354: 3351: 3350: 3345: 3339: 3334: 3333: 3330: 3329: 3326: 3325: 3319: 3314: 3313: 3310: 3309: 3306: 3305: 3299: 3294: 3293: 3290: 3289: 3286: 3285: 3279: 3274: 3273: 3270: 3269: 3266: 3265: 3259: 3254: 3253: 3250: 3249: 3246: 3245: 3239: 3234: 3233: 3230: 3229: 3226: 3225: 3220: 3218:Greek genocide 3215: 3210: 3205: 3200: 3194: 3189: 3188: 3185: 3184: 3181: 3180: 3174: 3169: 3168: 3165: 3164: 3161: 3160: 3154: 3149: 3148: 3145: 3144: 3141: 3140: 3135: 3129: 3124: 3123: 3120: 3119: 3116: 3115: 3110: 3105: 3100: 3095: 3089: 3086: 3085: 3082: 3081: 3070: 3069: 3061: 3060: 3048: 3047: 3045: 3044: 3037: 3030: 3022: 3019: 3018: 3012: 3011: 3006: 3005: 3004: 2994: 2989: 2984: 2983: 2982: 2977: 2972: 2962: 2957: 2952: 2947: 2942: 2937: 2936: 2935: 2933:Reverse racism 2925: 2920: 2915: 2910: 2905: 2903:Prisoner abuse 2900: 2895: 2893:Power distance 2890: 2885: 2880: 2875: 2870: 2865: 2860: 2859: 2858: 2848: 2843: 2838: 2833: 2828: 2823: 2818: 2813: 2811:Ethnic penalty 2808: 2807: 2806: 2804:Neurodiversity 2801: 2791: 2789:Dehumanization 2786: 2781: 2779:Cisnormativity 2776: 2771: 2766: 2760: 2759: 2758: 2757: 2755:Related topics 2754: 2753: 2750: 2749: 2743: 2742: 2737: 2732: 2727: 2722: 2717: 2712: 2707: 2702: 2697: 2692: 2687: 2682: 2677: 2672: 2671: 2670: 2660: 2655: 2650: 2645: 2640: 2635: 2629: 2628: 2627: 2626: 2623: 2622: 2619: 2618: 2612: 2611: 2606: 2601: 2599:State religion 2596: 2591: 2586: 2581: 2580: 2579: 2574: 2569: 2564: 2554: 2549: 2544: 2539: 2538: 2537: 2535:Nuremberg Laws 2532: 2522: 2517: 2512: 2504: 2499: 2494: 2489: 2484: 2479: 2477:Ghetto benches 2474: 2472:Gerrymandering 2469: 2464: 2459: 2457:Gender pay gap 2454: 2453: 2452: 2447: 2437: 2432: 2427: 2422: 2416: 2415: 2414: 2413: 2410: 2409: 2406: 2405: 2399: 2398: 2393: 2388: 2383: 2378: 2373: 2368: 2363: 2358: 2353: 2348: 2343: 2338: 2333: 2328: 2323: 2318: 2313: 2308: 2303: 2298: 2293: 2288: 2283: 2282: 2281: 2276: 2271: 2261: 2256: 2251: 2246: 2241: 2236: 2234:Lavender scare 2231: 2229:Kill Haole Day 2226: 2224:Indian rolling 2221: 2216: 2211: 2206: 2201: 2200: 2199: 2189: 2184: 2183: 2182: 2172: 2167: 2162: 2157: 2152: 2147: 2142: 2137: 2132: 2127: 2122: 2117: 2112: 2110:Eliminationism 2107: 2102: 2097: 2092: 2087: 2082: 2077: 2072: 2067: 2062: 2057: 2052: 2047: 2045:Cancel culture 2042: 2037: 2032: 2031: 2030: 2019: 2018: 2017: 2016: 2014:Manifestations 2013: 2012: 2009: 2008: 2002: 2001: 1996: 1991: 1986: 1981: 1976: 1971: 1966: 1961: 1956: 1951: 1946: 1941: 1936: 1931: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1911: 1906: 1904:Middle Eastern 1901: 1896: 1891: 1886: 1881: 1876: 1871: 1870: 1869: 1859: 1854: 1849: 1844: 1843: 1842: 1837: 1832: 1824: 1819: 1814: 1809: 1804: 1799: 1794: 1789: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1764: 1759: 1754: 1749: 1744: 1739: 1738: 1737: 1732: 1727: 1717: 1712: 1707: 1706: 1705: 1700: 1695: 1685: 1680: 1675: 1670: 1665: 1660: 1654: 1653: 1652: 1651: 1645: 1644: 1641: 1640: 1634: 1633: 1631:Zoroastrianism 1628: 1623: 1618: 1613: 1608: 1607: 1606: 1596: 1595: 1594: 1593: 1592: 1587: 1582: 1577: 1572: 1557: 1556: 1555: 1553:Untouchability 1550: 1540: 1535: 1534: 1533: 1528: 1523: 1518: 1513: 1505: 1500: 1495: 1489: 1488: 1487: 1486: 1481: 1480: 1477: 1476: 1470: 1469: 1464: 1459: 1458: 1457: 1452: 1447: 1437: 1436: 1435: 1430: 1420: 1415: 1410: 1405: 1400: 1395: 1390: 1385: 1380: 1375: 1373:Leprosy stigma 1370: 1365: 1360: 1355: 1350: 1345: 1340: 1335: 1330: 1325: 1320: 1315: 1310: 1305: 1300: 1295: 1290: 1285: 1280: 1275: 1270: 1265: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1245: 1239: 1238: 1237: 1236: 1233: 1232: 1229: 1228: 1222: 1221: 1216: 1211: 1206: 1201: 1196: 1191: 1190: 1189: 1184: 1174: 1169: 1164: 1159: 1154: 1149: 1144: 1139: 1134: 1129: 1124: 1118: 1117: 1116: 1115: 1112: 1111: 1108: 1107: 1101: 1100: 1095: 1090: 1085: 1079: 1078: 1077: 1076: 1073: 1072: 1069: 1068: 1060: 1059: 1057:Discrimination 1053: 1052: 1040: 1039: 1037: 1036: 1029: 1022: 1014: 1011: 1010: 1004: 1003: 999: 998: 996:Zoroastrianism 993: 988: 983: 982: 981: 971: 970: 969: 964: 959: 949: 948: 947: 942: 937: 932: 927: 922: 912: 902: 897: 896: 895: 890: 885: 880: 875: 870: 869: 868: 858: 857: 856: 841: 836: 831: 826: 820: 819: 814: 813: 810: 809: 804: 803: 802: 801: 796: 791: 786: 781: 773: 772: 768: 767: 766: 765: 757: 756: 750: 749: 748: 747: 742: 737: 732: 727: 722: 717: 712: 707: 702: 697: 692: 687: 682: 677: 669: 668: 662: 661: 660: 659: 657:United Kingdom 654: 649: 644: 639: 634: 629: 624: 619: 614: 609: 604: 599: 594: 589: 584: 579: 574: 569: 564: 559: 554: 549: 544: 539: 534: 529: 521: 520: 514: 513: 512: 511: 506: 501: 496: 491: 486: 481: 476: 471: 466: 461: 456: 451: 446: 441: 436: 431: 426: 421: 416: 411: 406: 401: 396: 391: 386: 381: 376: 371: 366: 361: 356: 351: 346: 341: 333: 332: 326: 325: 324: 323: 318: 313: 308: 303: 298: 293: 288: 280: 279: 269: 268: 267: 266: 261: 256: 251: 246: 241: 236: 231: 226: 221: 216: 211: 206: 201: 196: 191: 186: 181: 173: 172: 164: 159: 158: 155: 154: 150: 149: 144: 139: 134: 132:State religion 128: 125: 124: 119: 114: 109: 104: 99: 94: 89: 84: 79: 74: 69: 63: 62: 59: 58: 55: 54: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 20537: 20526: 20523: 20521: 20518: 20516: 20513: 20511: 20508: 20506: 20503: 20501: 20498: 20496: 20493: 20492: 20490: 20475: 20467: 20465: 20457: 20456: 20453: 20447: 20444: 20440: 20437: 20436: 20435: 20432: 20430: 20427: 20425: 20424:Social stigma 20422: 20418: 20415: 20413: 20410: 20408: 20405: 20404: 20403: 20400: 20398: 20395: 20393: 20390: 20388: 20385: 20383: 20380: 20378: 20375: 20371: 20368: 20367: 20366: 20363: 20361: 20358: 20356: 20353: 20351: 20348: 20346: 20343: 20341: 20338: 20336: 20333: 20331: 20328: 20326: 20323: 20321: 20318: 20316: 20313: 20311: 20308: 20306: 20303: 20301: 20298: 20294: 20291: 20290: 20289: 20286: 20284: 20281: 20279: 20276: 20274: 20271: 20269: 20266: 20264: 20261: 20259: 20256: 20254: 20251: 20249: 20246: 20242: 20239: 20237: 20234: 20233: 20232: 20229: 20227: 20224: 20222: 20219: 20217: 20214: 20212: 20209: 20207: 20204: 20202: 20199: 20198: 20196: 20192: 20186: 20183: 20181: 20178: 20176: 20173: 20171: 20168: 20166: 20163: 20161: 20158: 20156: 20153: 20151: 20148: 20146: 20143: 20141: 20138: 20136: 20133: 20131: 20128: 20126: 20123: 20121: 20118: 20114: 20111: 20110: 20109: 20106: 20104: 20101: 20099: 20096: 20094: 20091: 20089: 20086: 20084: 20081: 20079: 20076: 20075: 20073: 20069: 20063: 20060: 20058: 20055: 20053: 20050: 20048: 20047:State atheism 20045: 20043: 20040: 20038: 20035: 20031: 20028: 20026: 20023: 20021: 20018: 20016: 20013: 20012: 20011: 20008: 20006: 20003: 20001: 19998: 19996: 19993: 19989: 19986: 19984: 19983:Jim Crow laws 19981: 19980: 19979: 19976: 19974: 19971: 19969: 19968:One-drop rule 19966: 19964: 19962: 19958: 19956: 19953: 19951: 19948: 19946: 19943: 19941: 19938: 19936: 19933: 19931: 19928: 19926: 19923: 19921: 19918: 19916: 19913: 19911: 19908: 19904: 19901: 19899: 19896: 19895: 19894: 19891: 19889: 19886: 19884: 19883:Blood quantum 19881: 19879: 19876: 19874: 19871: 19870: 19868: 19862: 19856: 19853: 19851: 19848: 19846: 19843: 19841: 19838: 19836: 19833: 19831: 19830:Victimisation 19828: 19826: 19825:Trans bashing 19823: 19821: 19818: 19816: 19813: 19811: 19808: 19806: 19803: 19801: 19798: 19796: 19795:Religious war 19793: 19791: 19788: 19786: 19783: 19781: 19778: 19776: 19775:Racialization 19773: 19771: 19768: 19766: 19763: 19761: 19758: 19756: 19753: 19751: 19748: 19746: 19743: 19739: 19736: 19734: 19731: 19729: 19726: 19725: 19724: 19721: 19719: 19716: 19714: 19711: 19709: 19706: 19704: 19701: 19699: 19696: 19694: 19691: 19689: 19686: 19684: 19681: 19679: 19676: 19674: 19671: 19669: 19666: 19664: 19661: 19657: 19654: 19653: 19652: 19649: 19647: 19646:Glass ceiling 19644: 19640: 19637: 19636: 19635: 19632: 19630: 19627: 19625: 19622: 19620: 19617: 19615: 19612: 19610: 19607: 19605: 19602: 19600: 19597: 19595: 19592: 19590: 19589:Ethnic hatred 19587: 19585: 19582: 19580: 19577: 19575: 19572: 19570: 19567: 19565: 19562: 19560: 19557: 19555: 19552: 19550: 19547: 19545: 19542: 19540: 19537: 19535: 19532: 19530: 19527: 19525: 19524:Counter-jihad 19522: 19520: 19517: 19515: 19512: 19510: 19507: 19505: 19502: 19500: 19497: 19495: 19492: 19488: 19485: 19484: 19483: 19480: 19479: 19477: 19473: 19467: 19464: 19462: 19459: 19457: 19454: 19452: 19449: 19447: 19444: 19442: 19439: 19437: 19434: 19432: 19429: 19427: 19424: 19422: 19419: 19417: 19414: 19412: 19409: 19407: 19404: 19402: 19399: 19397: 19394: 19392: 19389: 19387: 19384: 19382: 19379: 19377: 19374: 19372: 19369: 19367: 19364: 19362: 19359: 19357: 19354: 19352: 19349: 19347: 19344: 19342: 19339: 19335: 19332: 19331: 19330: 19327: 19325: 19322: 19320: 19317: 19315: 19312: 19308: 19307:United States 19305: 19303: 19300: 19298: 19295: 19294: 19292: 19290: 19287: 19285: 19282: 19280: 19277: 19275: 19272: 19270: 19267: 19265: 19262: 19260: 19257: 19255: 19252: 19250: 19247: 19245: 19242: 19240: 19237: 19235: 19232: 19230: 19227: 19225: 19222: 19220: 19217: 19215: 19212: 19210: 19207: 19203: 19200: 19198: 19195: 19193: 19190: 19189: 19188: 19185: 19183: 19180: 19178: 19175: 19171: 19170:United States 19168: 19166: 19163: 19161: 19158: 19157: 19156: 19153: 19151: 19148: 19146: 19143: 19141: 19138: 19136: 19133: 19131: 19128: 19126: 19123: 19122: 19120: 19118: 19113: 19107: 19104: 19102: 19099: 19097: 19094: 19092: 19091:Protestantism 19089: 19087: 19084: 19080: 19077: 19076: 19075: 19072: 19066: 19063: 19061: 19058: 19056: 19053: 19051: 19048: 19046: 19043: 19042: 19041: 19038: 19037: 19036: 19033: 19029: 19026: 19024: 19021: 19020: 19019: 19016: 19014: 19011: 19007: 19004: 19002: 19001:LDS or Mormon 18999: 18997: 18994: 18992: 18989: 18987: 18984: 18983: 18982: 18979: 18977: 18974: 18972: 18969: 18967: 18964: 18963: 18961: 18959: 18955: 18949: 18946: 18944: 18941: 18937: 18934: 18932: 18931:Transmisogyny 18929: 18927: 18924: 18923: 18922: 18919: 18915: 18912: 18910: 18907: 18906: 18905: 18902: 18900: 18897: 18895: 18892: 18890: 18887: 18885: 18882: 18880: 18877: 18875: 18872: 18870: 18867: 18865: 18862: 18860: 18857: 18855: 18852: 18850: 18847: 18845: 18842: 18840: 18837: 18835: 18834:Gerontophobia 18832: 18830: 18827: 18825: 18822: 18820: 18817: 18815: 18812: 18810: 18807: 18805: 18802: 18800: 18797: 18795: 18792: 18790: 18787: 18785: 18782: 18780: 18777: 18775: 18772: 18770: 18767: 18765: 18764:Anti-intersex 18762: 18760: 18757: 18755: 18752: 18750: 18747: 18745: 18742: 18740: 18739:Anti-albinism 18737: 18735: 18732: 18730: 18727: 18725: 18722: 18721: 18719: 18715: 18709: 18706: 18704: 18701: 18699: 18696: 18694: 18691: 18689: 18686: 18684: 18681: 18677: 18674: 18672: 18669: 18668: 18667: 18664: 18662: 18659: 18657: 18654: 18652: 18649: 18647: 18644: 18642: 18639: 18637: 18634: 18632: 18629: 18627: 18624: 18622: 18619: 18617: 18614: 18612: 18609: 18608: 18606: 18602: 18596: 18593: 18591: 18588: 18586: 18583: 18581: 18580:Institutional 18578: 18577: 18575: 18571: 18567: 18560: 18555: 18553: 18548: 18546: 18541: 18540: 18537: 18525: 18517: 18515: 18510: 18505: 18504: 18501: 18495: 18492: 18490: 18487: 18485: 18482: 18479: 18476: 18473: 18471: 18468: 18466: 18463: 18461: 18458: 18456: 18455:Home Missions 18453: 18451: 18448: 18446: 18443: 18441: 18438: 18437: 18435: 18433: 18429: 18423: 18420: 18418: 18415: 18413: 18410: 18408: 18405: 18403: 18400: 18398: 18395: 18393: 18390: 18388: 18385: 18383: 18380: 18378: 18375: 18373: 18370: 18368: 18365: 18363: 18360: 18354: 18351: 18350: 18349: 18348:Saint Francis 18346: 18342: 18339: 18338: 18337: 18334: 18332: 18331:Saint Dominic 18329: 18328: 18327: 18324: 18320: 18317: 18315: 18312: 18310: 18307: 18305: 18302: 18301: 18300: 18297: 18296: 18294: 18292: 18286: 18280: 18277: 18275: 18272: 18270: 18267: 18265: 18262: 18260: 18257: 18255: 18252: 18250: 18247: 18245: 18242: 18240: 18237: 18235: 18232: 18230: 18227: 18225: 18222: 18220: 18217: 18215: 18212: 18210: 18207: 18205: 18202: 18200: 18197: 18195: 18192: 18190: 18187: 18185: 18182: 18180: 18177: 18175: 18172: 18170: 18167: 18165: 18162: 18160: 18157: 18155: 18152: 18150: 18147: 18145: 18144:Bethlehemites 18142: 18140: 18137: 18135: 18132: 18130: 18127: 18125: 18122: 18120: 18117: 18116: 18114: 18112: 18108: 18103: 18099: 18093: 18092: 18088: 18086: 18085: 18081: 18079: 18078: 18074: 18071: 18067: 18066:Vatican Radio 18064: 18062: 18059: 18057: 18054: 18053: 18052: 18051:Vatican Media 18049: 18047: 18044: 18043: 18041: 18039: 18035: 18029: 18026: 18024: 18021: 18018: 18016: 18013: 18011: 18008: 18006: 18003: 18001: 17998: 17996: 17993: 17991: 17988: 17984: 17981: 17980: 17979: 17976: 17974: 17971: 17969: 17966: 17962: 17959: 17958: 17957: 17954: 17953: 17951: 17949: 17945: 17931: 17928: 17926: 17923: 17921: 17918: 17916: 17913: 17912: 17911: 17908: 17906: 17903: 17901: 17898: 17896: 17893: 17892: 17891: 17888: 17882: 17879: 17878: 17877: 17874: 17872: 17869: 17867: 17864: 17862: 17859: 17857: 17854: 17852: 17849: 17848: 17847: 17844: 17843: 17841: 17839: 17835: 17827: 17824: 17822: 17819: 17817: 17814: 17812: 17809: 17807: 17804: 17802: 17799: 17797: 17794: 17792: 17789: 17787: 17784: 17782: 17779: 17777: 17774: 17772: 17769: 17767: 17764: 17762: 17759: 17757: 17754: 17752: 17749: 17747: 17744: 17742: 17739: 17737: 17734: 17732: 17729: 17727: 17724: 17722: 17719: 17717: 17714: 17712: 17709: 17708: 17707: 17704: 17702: 17699: 17698: 17696: 17694: 17690: 17686: 17678: 17675: 17673: 17670: 17668: 17665: 17664: 17663: 17660: 17658: 17655: 17651: 17648: 17647: 17646: 17643: 17639: 17636: 17634: 17631: 17630: 17629: 17626: 17624: 17621: 17617: 17614: 17612: 17609: 17607: 17604: 17602: 17598: 17595: 17594: 17593: 17590: 17587: 17584: 17583: 17581: 17579: 17575: 17569: 17566: 17564: 17561: 17559: 17556: 17552: 17549: 17547: 17544: 17542: 17539: 17537: 17534: 17532: 17529: 17527: 17524: 17522: 17519: 17517: 17514: 17512: 17509: 17507: 17504: 17503: 17502: 17499: 17495: 17492: 17490: 17487: 17486: 17485: 17482: 17481: 17479: 17476: 17472: 17468: 17462: 17459: 17457: 17454: 17452: 17449: 17447: 17444: 17442: 17439: 17437: 17434: 17432: 17429: 17427: 17424: 17423: 17421: 17419: 17415: 17409: 17406: 17404: 17401: 17397: 17394: 17393: 17392: 17389: 17385: 17382: 17380: 17377: 17376: 17375: 17371: 17368: 17366: 17363: 17361: 17358: 17355: 17354: 17352: 17349: 17348:List of popes 17344: 17340: 17337: 17334: 17330: 17326: 17322: 17318: 17311: 17305: 17302: 17300: 17297: 17295: 17292: 17290: 17287: 17285: 17282: 17280: 17277: 17275: 17272: 17270: 17267: 17265: 17262: 17258: 17255: 17253: 17250: 17249: 17248: 17245: 17244: 17242: 17240: 17236: 17228: 17225: 17223: 17220: 17219: 17218: 17215: 17211: 17208: 17207: 17206: 17203: 17200: 17198: 17195: 17193: 17190: 17188: 17185: 17183: 17180: 17178: 17175: 17173: 17170: 17169: 17167: 17165: 17161: 17151: 17148: 17145: 17143: 17140: 17138: 17135: 17133: 17132:Mother of God 17130: 17128: 17125: 17123: 17120: 17118: 17115: 17113: 17110: 17108: 17105: 17104: 17102: 17100: 17096: 17090: 17087: 17085: 17082: 17078: 17075: 17074: 17073: 17070: 17068: 17065: 17063: 17060: 17058: 17055: 17053: 17050: 17049: 17047: 17045: 17041: 17035: 17032: 17030: 17029: 17025: 17023: 17020: 17018: 17017:People of God 17015: 17013: 17012: 17008: 17006: 17005:Infallibility 17003: 16999: 16996: 16994: 16991: 16990: 16989: 16986: 16984: 16981: 16979: 16976: 16974: 16973: 16969: 16968: 16966: 16964: 16960: 16954: 16951: 16947: 16946: 16942: 16940: 16937: 16935: 16932: 16931: 16929: 16927: 16924: 16922: 16919: 16917: 16914: 16912: 16909: 16907: 16904: 16902: 16899: 16897: 16894: 16892: 16889: 16887: 16884: 16882: 16881:Body and soul 16879: 16875: 16872: 16870: 16867: 16866: 16865: 16862: 16861: 16859: 16855: 16852: 16849: 16848: 16843: 16839: 16834: 16830: 16820: 16817: 16815: 16812: 16810: 16807: 16805: 16802: 16800: 16797: 16795: 16792: 16790: 16787: 16785: 16784:Enlightenment 16782: 16780: 16777: 16771: 16768: 16767: 16766: 16763: 16761: 16758: 16757: 16756: 16755:Protestantism 16753: 16752: 16750: 16748: 16744: 16738: 16735: 16733: 16732:Scholasticism 16730: 16728: 16725: 16723: 16720: 16718: 16717:Schism (1378) 16715: 16713: 16710: 16708: 16705: 16703: 16702:Schism (1054) 16700: 16698: 16695: 16693: 16690: 16688: 16685: 16684: 16682: 16680: 16676: 16670: 16667: 16665: 16662: 16660: 16657: 16653: 16650: 16648: 16645: 16644: 16643: 16640: 16638: 16635: 16633: 16630: 16629: 16627: 16625: 16621: 16613: 16610: 16609: 16608: 16605: 16601: 16598: 16597: 16596: 16593: 16589: 16586: 16584: 16581: 16580: 16579: 16576: 16572: 16569: 16567: 16564: 16562: 16559: 16557: 16554: 16553: 16552: 16549: 16548: 16546: 16544: 16540: 16537: 16534: 16530: 16526: 16521: 16517: 16511: 16508: 16506: 16503: 16501: 16498: 16496: 16493: 16492: 16489: 16485: 16478: 16473: 16471: 16466: 16464: 16459: 16458: 16455: 16443: 16439: 16435: 16433: 16425: 16423: 16415: 16414: 16411: 16405: 16402: 16400: 16397: 16395: 16392: 16390: 16387: 16385: 16382: 16380: 16377: 16375: 16372: 16370: 16367: 16365: 16362: 16360: 16357: 16355: 16352: 16350: 16347: 16345: 16342: 16340: 16337: 16335: 16332: 16330: 16327: 16325: 16324:Drina Martyrs 16322: 16320: 16317: 16315: 16312: 16310: 16307: 16305: 16304:Saint Stephen 16302: 16300: 16297: 16296: 16294: 16290: 16284: 16280: 16274: 16271: 16267: 16264: 16262: 16259: 16258: 16257: 16254: 16250: 16247: 16246: 16245: 16242: 16240: 16237: 16235: 16232: 16230: 16227: 16226: 16224: 16218: 16212: 16209: 16207: 16204: 16202: 16199: 16197: 16194: 16192: 16189: 16187: 16184: 16182: 16179: 16177: 16174: 16172: 16169: 16167: 16164: 16162: 16159: 16157: 16154: 16152: 16149: 16147: 16144: 16142: 16139: 16137: 16134: 16132: 16129: 16127: 16124: 16122: 16119: 16117: 16114: 16112: 16109: 16107: 16104: 16102: 16099: 16097: 16094: 16092: 16091:German Empire 16089: 16087: 16084: 16082: 16079: 16077: 16074: 16072: 16069: 16067: 16064: 16062: 16059: 16057: 16054: 16052: 16049: 16048: 16046: 16040: 16030: 16027: 16025: 16022: 16020: 16017: 16015: 16012: 16010: 16007: 16005: 16002: 16000: 15997: 15995: 15994:Joseph Stalin 15992: 15990: 15987: 15985: 15982: 15980: 15977: 15975: 15972: 15970: 15967: 15965: 15962: 15960: 15957: 15955: 15952: 15951: 15949: 15945: 15939: 15936: 15934: 15931: 15929: 15926: 15924: 15921: 15919: 15916: 15914: 15911: 15909: 15906: 15905: 15903: 15899: 15893: 15890: 15888: 15885: 15883: 15880: 15878: 15877:Al-Mutawakkil 15875: 15874: 15872: 15868: 15862: 15859: 15857: 15854: 15852: 15849: 15847: 15844: 15842: 15839: 15838: 15836: 15832: 15826: 15823: 15821: 15818: 15816: 15813: 15811: 15808: 15806: 15803: 15801: 15798: 15797: 15795: 15791: 15785: 15782: 15781: 15779: 15775: 15772: 15766: 15756: 15753: 15751: 15748: 15746: 15743: 15741: 15738: 15736: 15733: 15731: 15728: 15726: 15723: 15721: 15718: 15716: 15713: 15711: 15708: 15706: 15703: 15701: 15698: 15696: 15693: 15691: 15688: 15686: 15683: 15681: 15678: 15676: 15673: 15671: 15668: 15666: 15663: 15661: 15658: 15656: 15653: 15651: 15648: 15646: 15643: 15641: 15638: 15636: 15633: 15631: 15628: 15626: 15623: 15621: 15618: 15616: 15613: 15611: 15608: 15604: 15601: 15600: 15599: 15596: 15594: 15591: 15589: 15586: 15584: 15581: 15579: 15576: 15574: 15571: 15569: 15566: 15562: 15559: 15558: 15557: 15554: 15552: 15549: 15547: 15544: 15542: 15539: 15537: 15534: 15532: 15529: 15527: 15524: 15522: 15519: 15518: 15516: 15514: 15510: 15504: 15501: 15497: 15494: 15493: 15492: 15489: 15487: 15484: 15482: 15479: 15478: 15476: 15474: 15470: 15464: 15461: 15459: 15456: 15454: 15451: 15449: 15446: 15444: 15441: 15440: 15438: 15436: 15432: 15426: 15423: 15421: 15418: 15416: 15413: 15411: 15408: 15407: 15405: 15403: 15399: 15393: 15392:New Testament 15390: 15389: 15387: 15385: 15381: 15378: 15372: 15365: 15362: 15360: 15357: 15356: 15350: 15345: 15343: 15338: 15336: 15331: 15330: 15327: 15321: 15318: 15317: 15309: 15305: 15301: 15300: 15297: 15293: 15289: 15288: 15284: 15280: 15279: 15276: 15272: 15268: 15267: 15264:(2022): 1-21. 15263: 15259: 15258: 15255: 15251: 15247: 15244: 15240: 15239: 15235: 15231: 15227: 15226: 15223: 15219: 15215: 15214: 15205: 15201: 15199: 15195: 15191: 15189: 15185: 15181: 15177: 15173: 15168: 15164: 15160: 15157:(51): 27–62. 15156: 15151: 15148: 15144: 15143: 15138: 15132: 15128: 15124: 15123:Stark, Rodney 15120: 15116: 15112: 15108: 15104: 15100: 15096: 15091: 15088: 15084: 15081: 15077: 15073: 15070: 15066: 15063: 15059: 15056: 15052: 15049: 15045: 15044: 15041: 15037: 15033: 15029: 15025: 15021: 15017: 15013: 15009: 15006:(1): 98–131. 15005: 15001: 14996: 14995: 14990: 14986: 14982: 14978: 14975:(52): 23–55. 14974: 14969: 14966: 14962: 14961: 14956: 14950: 14946: 14945: 14939: 14938: 14927: 14923: 14918: 14915: 14911: 14908: 14904: 14901: 14897: 14896: 14891: 14885: 14881: 14877: 14876:Stark, Rodney 14873: 14872: 14869: 14865: 14861: 14860: 14856: 14852: 14849: 14845: 14843: 14839: 14835: 14832: 14828: 14825: 14821: 14819: 14815: 14811: 14810: 14805: 14801: 14797: 14793: 14790:(1): 97–131. 14789: 14785: 14780: 14779: 14776: 14772: 14768: 14764: 14761: 14757: 14754: 14750: 14746: 14742: 14738: 14734: 14730: 14726: 14722: 14718: 14713: 14710: 14706: 14703: 14699: 14696: 14692: 14691: 14687: 14683: 14682: 14677: 14673: 14669: 14665: 14661: 14657: 14654:(1): 98–131. 14653: 14649: 14644: 14640: 14636: 14632: 14628: 14624: 14620: 14615: 14614: 14610: 14606: 14604: 14600: 14596: 14593: 14589: 14587:(1972), 1–20. 14586: 14582: 14580: 14576: 14572: 14571: 14568: 14564: 14560: 14557: 14553: 14552: 14548: 14544: 14541: 14537: 14536: 14520: 14514: 14510: 14506: 14505: 14499: 14495: 14491: 14487: 14482: 14478: 14472: 14468: 14464: 14463: 14457: 14453: 14447: 14443: 14439: 14434: 14431: 14425: 14421: 14417: 14412: 14411: 14399: 14393: 14387:(2003) p. 35. 14386: 14380: 14373: 14369: 14365: 14364: 14357: 14349: 14343: 14339: 14338: 14330: 14314: 14310: 14303: 14288: 14287: 14282: 14275: 14260: 14259: 14254: 14247: 14233: 14229: 14222: 14214: 14207: 14193:on 2015-11-16 14192: 14188: 14184: 14178: 14164: 14160: 14154: 14140: 14136: 14130: 14115: 14111: 14104: 14096: 14090: 14082: 14078: 14072: 14064: 14060: 14054: 14046: 14040: 14026:on 2009-05-02 14025: 14021: 14017: 14015: 14007: 13999: 13993: 13985: 13979: 13965:on 2007-08-25 13964: 13960: 13956: 13952: 13948: 13942: 13928:on 2007-08-25 13927: 13923: 13919: 13915: 13911: 13905: 13891:on 2010-02-14 13890: 13886: 13880: 13872: 13868: 13861: 13853: 13846: 13838: 13834: 13827: 13813:on 2023-07-15 13809: 13801: 13794: 13786: 13782: 13775: 13767: 13761: 13757: 13756: 13748: 13740: 13734: 13730: 13729: 13721: 13713: 13709: 13705: 13701: 13697: 13693: 13690:(4): 817–43. 13689: 13685: 13681: 13674: 13667: 13662: 13645: 13641: 13640: 13635: 13628: 13612: 13608: 13604: 13598: 13590: 13584: 13577: 13571: 13563: 13560:AsiaNews.it. 13556: 13541: 13540: 13533: 13526: 13522: 13516: 13509: 13499: 13495: 13494: 13486: 13472: 13468: 13461: 13447: 13443: 13436: 13421:. 3 June 2001 13420: 13419: 13414: 13408: 13401: 13397: 13391: 13383: 13379: 13373: 13357: 13351: 13335: 13331: 13327: 13320: 13312: 13306: 13302: 13301: 13293: 13274: 13267: 13261: 13243: 13237: 13230: 13225: 13223: 13215: 13210: 13203: 13198: 13190: 13184: 13180: 13179: 13171: 13163: 13157: 13153: 13152: 13144: 13137: 13132: 13130: 13121: 13117: 13113: 13106: 13097: 13092: 13088: 13084: 13080: 13073: 13065: 13061: 13057: 13053: 13050:(1): 87–110. 13049: 13045: 13038: 13030: 13024: 13020: 13016: 13015: 13007: 12999: 12993: 12989: 12982: 12974: 12968: 12964: 12959: 12958: 12950: 12942: 12936: 12932: 12928: 12921: 12905: 12901: 12894: 12886: 12882: 12876: 12868: 12864: 12857: 12850: 12844: 12836: 12830: 12826: 12825: 12817: 12808: 12806: 12797: 12793: 12786: 12772: 12768: 12761: 12745: 12741: 12735: 12729: 12724: 12718: 12713: 12698: 12694: 12688: 12682: 12677: 12671: 12666: 12651: 12647: 12641: 12626: 12622: 12616: 12602: 12598: 12592: 12578: 12574: 12567: 12552: 12548: 12542: 12534: 12530: 12526: 12522: 12518: 12514: 12507: 12500: 12494: 12487: 12481: 12475: 12471: 12467: 12466: 12462: 12457: 12451: 12447: 12443: 12442: 12435: 12433: 12425: 12421: 12418: 12412: 12410: 12408: 12399: 12393: 12389: 12388: 12380: 12372: 12368: 12361: 12353: 12349: 12342: 12336: 12332: 12326: 12318: 12314: 12313:Austral Light 12306: 12300: 12299:Franklin 2006 12295: 12289: 12285: 12279: 12272: 12266: 12259: 12258:Bigots united 12253: 12245: 12239: 12235: 12234: 12226: 12219: 12213: 12206: 12200: 12193: 12190:Nigel Aston, 12187: 12179: 12173: 12169: 12168: 12161: 12155: 12153: 12145: 12138: 12132: 12125: 12119: 12117: 12107: 12100:. 2020-07-24. 12099: 12095: 12089: 12081: 12075: 12068: 12067: 12060: 12052: 12046: 12042: 12035: 12029: 12027: 12021: 12006: 12002: 11996: 11981: 11975: 11961: 11957: 11950: 11936: 11932: 11925: 11911: 11907: 11900: 11886: 11882: 11875: 11861: 11857: 11850: 11836: 11832: 11826: 11812: 11808: 11802: 11787: 11783: 11777: 11762: 11759: 11753: 11739: 11735: 11728: 11714: 11713:New York Post 11710: 11703: 11688: 11684: 11678: 11664: 11660: 11653: 11638: 11634: 11628: 11612: 11608: 11604: 11598: 11582: 11578: 11572: 11565: 11559: 11551: 11547: 11541: 11533: 11527: 11523: 11522: 11514: 11507: 11501: 11493: 11492: 11484: 11476: 11470: 11466: 11461: 11460: 11451: 11444: 11438: 11430: 11424: 11420: 11415: 11414: 11405: 11397: 11391: 11387: 11386: 11377: 11371: 11367: 11366: 11357: 11351: 11347: 11346: 11337: 11329: 11322: 11306: 11302: 11298: 11294: 11287: 11279: 11275: 11269: 11261: 11257: 11253: 11249: 11245: 11241: 11237: 11230: 11223: 11217: 11209: 11205: 11201: 11197: 11193: 11189: 11185: 11181: 11177: 11173: 11169: 11162: 11160: 11151: 11147: 11143: 11139: 11135: 11131: 11127: 11123: 11119: 11112: 11098: 11094: 11088: 11080: 11076: 11072: 11068: 11064: 11060: 11056: 11052: 11048: 11044: 11040: 11033: 11031: 11022: 11016: 11012: 11005: 11003: 11001: 10992: 10986: 10978: 10974: 10970: 10966: 10962: 10955: 10953: 10944: 10938: 10934: 10933: 10925: 10917: 10913: 10909: 10905: 10901: 10897: 10890: 10882: 10876: 10872: 10871: 10863: 10855: 10851: 10847: 10843: 10839: 10835: 10831: 10824: 10815: 10808: 10802: 10794: 10790: 10786: 10779: 10772: 10764: 10758: 10754: 10749: 10748: 10739: 10733:(1983) p 125. 10732: 10726: 10720: 10716: 10713: 10709: 10703: 10696: 10690: 10682: 10676: 10672: 10671: 10663: 10657: 10654: 10652: 10645: 10636: 10635: 10626: 10619: 10613: 10606: 10605:HarperCollins 10602: 10597: 10589: 10585: 10584: 10576: 10574: 10565: 10559: 10555: 10554: 10549: 10543: 10534: 10528: 10527:91-578-0308-0 10524: 10518: 10512: 10506: 10497: 10490: 10489:3-89971-129-7 10486: 10479: 10471: 10465: 10461: 10454: 10446: 10440: 10436: 10435: 10427: 10419: 10413: 10409: 10408: 10400: 10392: 10386: 10382: 10381: 10374: 10366: 10360: 10356: 10355: 10348: 10339: 10323: 10319: 10313: 10299:on 2020-04-17 10295: 10291: 10285: 10281: 10274: 10270: 10264: 10258:; pp. 276–277 10257: 10253: 10249: 10246:Paul Berben; 10243: 10236: 10232: 10226: 10219: 10215: 10209: 10202: 10196: 10189: 10185: 10179: 10172: 10168: 10163: 10156: 10155:1-57383-080-1 10152: 10146: 10137: 10128: 10126: 10118: 10114: 10109: 10100: 10093: 10090:Ian Kershaw; 10087: 10080: 10079:0-674-63680-5 10076: 10070: 10063: 10059: 10055: 10049: 10042: 10041: 10034: 10027: 10026: 10019: 10012: 10006: 9999: 9998: 9993: 9988: 9981: 9980: 9975: 9970: 9964:; p. 74. 9963: 9962:0-674-63680-5 9959: 9953: 9944: 9942: 9940: 9930: 9923: 9922:0-674-63680-5 9919: 9913: 9906: 9902: 9897: 9890: 9884: 9877: 9873: 9867: 9863: 9862: 9854: 9847: 9841: 9834: 9833: 9828: 9823: 9816: 9812: 9807: 9800: 9796: 9791: 9784: 9779: 9773: 9769: 9765: 9761: 9755: 9748: 9744: 9741: 9736: 9729: 9723: 9716: 9710: 9703: 9697: 9689: 9685: 9684:Norman Davies 9676: 9669: 9663: 9656: 9650: 9636: 9635:teara.govt.nz 9632: 9625: 9611: 9607: 9600: 9593: 9592: 9587: 9582: 9568: 9564: 9558: 9551: 9545: 9538: 9534: 9529: 9522: 9517: 9509: 9505: 9499: 9491: 9487: 9480: 9472: 9471: 9463: 9455: 9451: 9447: 9443: 9436: 9428: 9422: 9418: 9417: 9409: 9401: 9400: 9392: 9384: 9378: 9374: 9367: 9359: 9353: 9349: 9348: 9340: 9333: 9327: 9312: 9306: 9292:on 2012-03-24 9291: 9287: 9281: 9279: 9271: 9267: 9261: 9255: 9249: 9242: 9238: 9235: 9231: 9225: 9218: 9212: 9205: 9199: 9191: 9187: 9183: 9179: 9175: 9171: 9164: 9156: 9150: 9142: 9136: 9128: 9124: 9117: 9110: 9104: 9097: 9091: 9083: 9079: 9075: 9071: 9067: 9063: 9056: 9049: 9043: 9035: 9031: 9027: 9023: 9019: 9015: 9008: 9001: 8995: 8987: 8983: 8979: 8975: 8971: 8967: 8960: 8958: 8950: 8946: 8944: 8937: 8929: 8925: 8919: 8912: 8906: 8898: 8891: 8883: 8877: 8873: 8866: 8858: 8852: 8848: 8841: 8834: 8830: 8827: 8822: 8815: 8809: 8802: 8796: 8789: 8783: 8776: 8770: 8762: 8755: 8748: 8742: 8735: 8729: 8722: 8716: 8709: 8703: 8695: 8691: 8687: 8683: 8679: 8675: 8668: 8661: 8655: 8647: 8641: 8637: 8636: 8628: 8620: 8614: 8610: 8609: 8601: 8594: 8593:Penguin Books 8590: 8589: 8584: 8583:Edward Gibbon 8579: 8571: 8565: 8558: 8554: 8553:Archived copy 8549: 8542: 8538: 8535: 8530: 8514: 8510: 8504: 8496: 8490: 8486: 8482: 8481: 8473: 8465: 8459: 8455: 8454: 8446: 8440: 8438: 8431: 8422: 8413: 8407: 8403: 8399: 8397: 8391: 8383: 8377: 8373: 8372: 8364: 8357: 8351: 8344: 8338: 8330: 8324: 8320: 8319: 8311: 8304: 8299: 8291: 8287: 8283: 8277: 8273: 8272: 8264: 8260: 8250: 8247: 8245: 8242: 8240: 8237: 8233: 8230: 8228: 8225: 8223: 8220: 8219: 8218: 8215: 8213: 8210: 8208: 8205: 8203: 8200: 8198: 8195: 8193: 8190: 8188: 8185: 8183: 8180: 8178: 8175: 8173: 8170: 8168: 8165: 8164: 8158: 8156: 8152: 8148: 8144: 8143: 8138: 8137:Matthew Lewis 8134: 8133: 8128: 8127:Ann Radcliffe 8124: 8123: 8118: 8114: 8110: 8106: 8100: 8090: 8088: 8082: 8079: 8075: 8071: 8067: 8063: 8059: 8055: 8051: 8047: 8043: 8039: 8034: 8030: 8025: 8015: 8013: 8009: 8005: 8000: 7998: 7994: 7988: 7984: 7980: 7970: 7968: 7964: 7953: 7943: 7941: 7935: 7924: 7920: 7907: 7903: 7901: 7900:Joseph Coutts 7896: 7892: 7886: 7882: 7880: 7876: 7872: 7868: 7864: 7859: 7857: 7849: 7838: 7836: 7832: 7828: 7824: 7820: 7817:. During the 7816: 7812: 7806: 7802: 7798: 7792: 7788: 7778: 7769: 7765: 7763: 7758: 7756: 7753: 7749: 7745: 7743: 7739: 7734: 7732: 7728: 7724: 7718: 7708: 7703: 7693: 7691: 7685: 7681: 7677: 7673: 7658: 7656: 7652: 7648: 7644: 7640: 7636: 7635:Kingdom Halls 7632: 7628: 7624: 7620: 7614: 7610: 7606: 7600: 7596: 7586: 7584: 7579: 7575: 7570: 7568: 7564: 7560: 7556: 7552: 7548: 7544: 7540: 7536: 7530: 7520: 7518: 7513: 7509: 7508:Russification 7505: 7501: 7497: 7493: 7484: 7479: 7475: 7471: 7467: 7457: 7455: 7451: 7447: 7443: 7438: 7436: 7432: 7428: 7424: 7421:of 1054, the 7420: 7409: 7399: 7397: 7396: 7391: 7390: 7385: 7381: 7365: 7363: 7359: 7355: 7351: 7341: 7339: 7335: 7333: 7329: 7325: 7321: 7317: 7311: 7309: 7304: 7300: 7296: 7291: 7289: 7285: 7281: 7277: 7272: 7270: 7266: 7262: 7258: 7254: 7250: 7246: 7245: 7244: 7235: 7230: 7218: 7214: 7211: 7208: 7205: 7201: 7198: 7196: 7190: 7188: 7183: 7181: 7177: 7173: 7172:Daniel Ortega 7165: 7154: 7152: 7151:Graham Greene 7148: 7147: 7142: 7137: 7133: 7131: 7127: 7123: 7118: 7115: 7111: 7106: 7104: 7103:Benito Juárez 7100: 7090: 7088: 7084: 7080: 7076: 7072: 7068: 7064: 7060: 7052: 7048: 7044: 7040: 7036: 7031: 7022: 7020: 7016: 7013: 7010:by using the 7009: 7005: 7001: 6997: 6993: 6988: 6986: 6982: 6978: 6977:anti-clerical 6974: 6970: 6965: 6963: 6959: 6955: 6951: 6947: 6943: 6938: 6936: 6932: 6928: 6924: 6921: 6917: 6914: 6910: 6909: 6904: 6896: 6892: 6888: 6883: 6874: 6872: 6868: 6865: 6861: 6852: 6850: 6845: 6839: 6829: 6827: 6823: 6819: 6815: 6811: 6807: 6802: 6800: 6796: 6792: 6788: 6784: 6780: 6776: 6771: 6769: 6765: 6760: 6754: 6749: 6744: 6734: 6732: 6728: 6724: 6720: 6716: 6715: 6710: 6706: 6702: 6688: 6686: 6682: 6678: 6674: 6670: 6666: 6662: 6658: 6654: 6653:Enlightenment 6648: 6646: 6641: 6632: 6629: 6625: 6621: 6617: 6613: 6608: 6604: 6602: 6597: 6593: 6589: 6584: 6579: 6577: 6573: 6572:Episcopalians 6568: 6563: 6561: 6557: 6554: 6550: 6546: 6538: 6534: 6527: 6523: 6519: 6515: 6511: 6506: 6497: 6495: 6489: 6487: 6483: 6479: 6474: 6472: 6467: 6463: 6461: 6457: 6447: 6445: 6441: 6437: 6436:American Jews 6432: 6428: 6426: 6422: 6416: 6412: 6408: 6404: 6402: 6398: 6394: 6385: 6380: 6379: 6378: 6375: 6371: 6367: 6363: 6358: 6349: 6347: 6342: 6338: 6334: 6329: 6326: 6322: 6313: 6311: 6307: 6303: 6299: 6295: 6290: 6288: 6284: 6280: 6275: 6271: 6267: 6259: 6258: 6252: 6246: 6242: 6238: 6234: 6233: 6228: 6224: 6219: 6215: 6213: 6209: 6198: 6194: 6192: 6184: 6180: 6176: 6172: 6171: 6166: 6165: 6164: 6162: 6158: 6153: 6149: 6145: 6141: 6135: 6128:United States 6125: 6122: 6118: 6113: 6110: 6105: 6100: 6096: 6094: 6089: 6085: 6081: 6077: 6073: 6069: 6059: 6057: 6053: 6049: 6045: 6041: 6037: 6033: 6029: 6025: 6021: 6017: 6013: 6009: 6005: 5999: 5988: 5978: 5976: 5972: 5968: 5964: 5958: 5948: 5945: 5939: 5937: 5932: 5931: 5926: 5921: 5919: 5915: 5911: 5910:Fritz Gerlich 5907: 5903: 5899: 5895: 5886: 5882: 5879:Extract from 5875: 5870: 5868: 5864: 5860: 5856: 5850: 5848: 5847: 5842: 5841: 5836: 5835: 5830: 5826: 5822: 5818: 5814: 5808: 5805: 5804:anti-clerical 5801: 5797: 5792: 5791:Nazi ideology 5783: 5779: 5775: 5772:(1933–1945). 5771: 5767: 5761: 5757: 5753: 5743: 5740: 5739:Pope Leo XIII 5735: 5731: 5729: 5725: 5721: 5713: 5709: 5704: 5700: 5693:German Empire 5690: 5688: 5684: 5680: 5676: 5672: 5668: 5664: 5660: 5656: 5652: 5647: 5645: 5641: 5638: 5635: 5631: 5627: 5623: 5619: 5615: 5611: 5607: 5604: 5601: 5598:According to 5591: 5589: 5584: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5570: 5566: 5562: 5558: 5554: 5550: 5545: 5543: 5539: 5534: 5532: 5531:John Plunkett 5528: 5527: 5522: 5517: 5513: 5509: 5505: 5501: 5497: 5493: 5488: 5485: 5481: 5471: 5468: 5463: 5454: 5450: 5448: 5443: 5442:Regulation 17 5439: 5428: 5426: 5421: 5419: 5414: 5412: 5408: 5404: 5400: 5399: 5394: 5390: 5389:Gavazzi Riots 5387:In 1853, the 5385: 5383: 5377: 5373: 5369: 5359: 5357: 5353: 5349: 5345: 5341: 5337: 5332: 5328: 5324: 5320: 5316: 5311: 5309: 5305: 5304:Andersonstown 5301: 5297: 5294: 5290: 5285: 5283: 5278: 5276: 5272: 5268: 5267:Harry Midgley 5263: 5261: 5257: 5253: 5248: 5246: 5242: 5239:The state of 5232: 5230: 5225: 5221: 5211: 5209: 5205: 5201: 5197: 5193: 5189: 5188:County Armagh 5185: 5180: 5178: 5174: 5170: 5166: 5162: 5158: 5150: 5145: 5136: 5134: 5129: 5127: 5123: 5118: 5115: 5111: 5098: 5097: 5092: 5091: 5090: 5088: 5084: 5080: 5076: 5075:Kirkintilloch 5066: 5064: 5060: 5056: 5052: 5048: 5043: 5041: 5037: 5033: 5029: 5025: 5021: 5017: 5007: 5005: 5001: 4997: 4993: 4989: 4985: 4981: 4977: 4973: 4969: 4963: 4950: 4949:Charles Green 4946: 4941: 4937: 4934: 4929: 4927: 4923: 4919: 4915: 4910: 4908: 4904: 4903: 4899: 4895: 4886: 4881: 4877: 4875: 4871: 4869: 4865: 4860: 4859:English crown 4856: 4852: 4848: 4840: 4839: 4834: 4829: 4825: 4821: 4817: 4811: 4804:Great Britain 4796: 4794: 4790: 4786: 4781: 4780:for priests. 4779: 4775: 4771: 4770:Edward Gibbon 4766: 4763: 4759: 4755: 4751: 4750: 4745: 4741: 4737: 4733: 4732: 4727: 4723: 4719: 4715: 4711: 4710:Presbyterians 4707: 4703: 4697: 4695: 4691: 4687: 4683: 4680: 4676: 4672: 4668: 4664: 4658: 4656: 4652: 4651: 4646: 4642: 4638: 4635:, a group of 4634: 4630: 4626: 4622: 4618: 4617:Cotton Mather 4614: 4610: 4606: 4602: 4598: 4594: 4590: 4586: 4582: 4581:John Wycliffe 4578: 4574: 4573:Martin Luther 4570: 4563: 4559: 4555: 4551: 4547: 4543: 4536: 4535:Pope Paul III 4532: 4531:Martin Luther 4528: 4527:Lucas Cranach 4524: 4520: 4515: 4510: 4506: 4502: 4498: 4492: 4482: 4480: 4476: 4472: 4468: 4464: 4460: 4456: 4452: 4448: 4443: 4441: 4437: 4433: 4429: 4425: 4421: 4417: 4413: 4409: 4405: 4401: 4397: 4396:United States 4393: 4388: 4383: 4381: 4377: 4373: 4369: 4365: 4361: 4357: 4353: 4349: 4345: 4341: 4337: 4333: 4332:anti-papalism 4329: 4325: 4324:United States 4321: 4317: 4313: 4309: 4305: 4301: 4297: 4293: 4289: 4288:Catholophobia 4285: 4274: 4269: 4267: 4262: 4260: 4255: 4254: 4252: 4251: 4248: 4243: 4238: 4237: 4230: 4227: 4225: 4222: 4220: 4217: 4215: 4212: 4211: 4208: 4203: 4202: 4195: 4192: 4191: 4188: 4183: 4182: 4175: 4172: 4171: 4168: 4163: 4162: 4155: 4152: 4151: 4148: 4143: 4142: 4135: 4132: 4131: 4128: 4123: 4122: 4115: 4112: 4110: 4107: 4105: 4102: 4101: 4098: 4093: 4092: 4085: 4082: 4080: 4077: 4073: 4072: 4068: 4067: 4066: 4063: 4061: 4060: 4056: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4045: 4042: 4041:United States 4037: 4036: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4019: 4016: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4004: 4001: 3999: 3996: 3995: 3992: 3988: 3987:Great Britain 3983: 3982: 3975: 3972: 3971: 3968: 3963: 3962: 3957: 3952: 3947: 3946: 3939: 3936: 3934: 3931: 3929: 3926: 3924: 3921: 3919: 3916: 3914: 3911: 3909: 3906: 3905: 3902: 3897: 3896: 3889: 3886: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3875: 3872: 3867: 3866: 3859: 3856: 3854: 3851: 3849: 3848:Walter Ciszek 3846: 3844: 3841: 3839: 3838: 3834: 3832: 3831: 3827: 3825: 3822: 3820: 3817: 3815: 3814:Drina Martyrs 3812: 3810: 3807: 3805: 3802: 3800: 3797: 3795: 3792: 3791: 3788: 3783: 3782: 3775: 3772: 3770: 3769: 3765: 3763: 3762: 3758: 3756: 3755: 3751: 3749: 3746: 3744: 3741: 3739: 3736: 3734: 3731: 3729: 3726: 3724: 3721: 3720: 3717: 3712: 3711: 3704: 3701: 3699: 3696: 3694: 3691: 3689: 3686: 3684: 3681: 3680: 3677: 3672: 3671: 3664: 3661: 3659: 3656: 3654: 3651: 3649: 3648: 3644: 3642: 3641: 3637: 3635: 3634: 3630: 3628: 3625: 3623: 3620: 3618: 3615: 3614: 3611: 3606: 3605: 3598: 3595: 3593: 3590: 3588: 3585: 3583: 3580: 3578: 3575: 3573: 3570: 3568: 3565: 3563: 3560: 3558: 3557: 3553: 3551: 3548: 3547: 3544: 3539: 3538: 3533: 3528: 3523: 3522: 3515: 3512: 3510: 3507: 3505: 3502: 3500: 3497: 3495: 3492: 3490: 3487: 3485: 3482: 3480: 3477: 3475: 3472: 3470: 3469: 3465: 3463: 3460: 3458: 3455: 3454: 3451: 3446: 3445: 3438: 3435: 3433: 3430: 3428: 3425: 3423: 3420: 3418: 3417: 3413: 3411: 3410: 3406: 3404: 3401: 3400: 3397: 3392: 3391: 3384: 3381: 3379: 3376: 3374: 3371: 3369: 3366: 3365: 3362: 3357: 3356: 3349: 3346: 3344: 3341: 3340: 3337: 3332: 3331: 3324: 3321: 3320: 3317: 3312: 3311: 3304: 3301: 3300: 3297: 3292: 3291: 3284: 3281: 3280: 3277: 3272: 3271: 3264: 3261: 3260: 3257: 3252: 3251: 3244: 3241: 3240: 3237: 3232: 3231: 3224: 3221: 3219: 3216: 3214: 3211: 3209: 3206: 3204: 3201: 3199: 3196: 3195: 3192: 3187: 3186: 3179: 3176: 3175: 3172: 3167: 3166: 3159: 3156: 3155: 3152: 3147: 3146: 3139: 3136: 3134: 3131: 3130: 3127: 3122: 3121: 3114: 3111: 3109: 3106: 3104: 3101: 3099: 3096: 3094: 3091: 3090: 3084: 3083: 3080: 3075: 3072: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3053: 3043: 3038: 3036: 3031: 3029: 3024: 3023: 3021: 3020: 3010: 3007: 3003: 3000: 2999: 2998: 2995: 2993: 2990: 2988: 2987:Social stigma 2985: 2981: 2978: 2976: 2973: 2971: 2968: 2967: 2966: 2963: 2961: 2958: 2956: 2953: 2951: 2948: 2946: 2943: 2941: 2938: 2934: 2931: 2930: 2929: 2926: 2924: 2921: 2919: 2916: 2914: 2911: 2909: 2906: 2904: 2901: 2899: 2896: 2894: 2891: 2889: 2886: 2884: 2881: 2879: 2876: 2874: 2871: 2869: 2866: 2864: 2861: 2857: 2854: 2853: 2852: 2849: 2847: 2844: 2842: 2839: 2837: 2834: 2832: 2829: 2827: 2824: 2822: 2819: 2817: 2814: 2812: 2809: 2805: 2802: 2800: 2797: 2796: 2795: 2792: 2790: 2787: 2785: 2782: 2780: 2777: 2775: 2772: 2770: 2767: 2765: 2762: 2761: 2752: 2751: 2741: 2738: 2736: 2733: 2731: 2728: 2726: 2723: 2721: 2718: 2716: 2713: 2711: 2708: 2706: 2703: 2701: 2698: 2696: 2693: 2691: 2688: 2686: 2683: 2681: 2678: 2676: 2673: 2669: 2666: 2665: 2664: 2661: 2659: 2656: 2654: 2651: 2649: 2646: 2644: 2641: 2639: 2636: 2634: 2631: 2630: 2621: 2620: 2610: 2607: 2605: 2602: 2600: 2597: 2595: 2594:State atheism 2592: 2590: 2587: 2585: 2582: 2578: 2575: 2573: 2570: 2568: 2565: 2563: 2560: 2559: 2558: 2555: 2553: 2550: 2548: 2545: 2543: 2540: 2536: 2533: 2531: 2530:Jim Crow laws 2528: 2527: 2526: 2523: 2521: 2518: 2516: 2515:One-drop rule 2513: 2511: 2509: 2505: 2503: 2500: 2498: 2495: 2493: 2490: 2488: 2485: 2483: 2480: 2478: 2475: 2473: 2470: 2468: 2465: 2463: 2460: 2458: 2455: 2451: 2448: 2446: 2443: 2442: 2441: 2438: 2436: 2433: 2431: 2430:Blood quantum 2428: 2426: 2423: 2421: 2418: 2417: 2408: 2407: 2397: 2394: 2392: 2389: 2387: 2384: 2382: 2379: 2377: 2374: 2372: 2371:Victimisation 2369: 2367: 2366:Trans bashing 2364: 2362: 2359: 2357: 2354: 2352: 2349: 2347: 2344: 2342: 2339: 2337: 2336:Religious war 2334: 2332: 2329: 2327: 2324: 2322: 2319: 2317: 2316:Racialization 2314: 2312: 2309: 2307: 2304: 2302: 2299: 2297: 2294: 2292: 2289: 2287: 2284: 2280: 2277: 2275: 2272: 2270: 2267: 2266: 2265: 2262: 2260: 2257: 2255: 2252: 2250: 2247: 2245: 2242: 2240: 2237: 2235: 2232: 2230: 2227: 2225: 2222: 2220: 2217: 2215: 2212: 2210: 2207: 2205: 2202: 2198: 2195: 2194: 2193: 2190: 2188: 2187:Glass ceiling 2185: 2181: 2178: 2177: 2176: 2173: 2171: 2168: 2166: 2163: 2161: 2158: 2156: 2153: 2151: 2148: 2146: 2143: 2141: 2138: 2136: 2133: 2131: 2130:Ethnic hatred 2128: 2126: 2123: 2121: 2118: 2116: 2113: 2111: 2108: 2106: 2103: 2101: 2098: 2096: 2093: 2091: 2088: 2086: 2083: 2081: 2078: 2076: 2073: 2071: 2068: 2066: 2065:Counter-jihad 2063: 2061: 2058: 2056: 2053: 2051: 2048: 2046: 2043: 2041: 2038: 2036: 2033: 2029: 2026: 2025: 2024: 2021: 2020: 2011: 2010: 2000: 1997: 1995: 1992: 1990: 1987: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1977: 1975: 1972: 1970: 1967: 1965: 1962: 1960: 1957: 1955: 1952: 1950: 1947: 1945: 1942: 1940: 1937: 1935: 1932: 1930: 1927: 1925: 1922: 1920: 1917: 1915: 1912: 1910: 1907: 1905: 1902: 1900: 1897: 1895: 1892: 1890: 1887: 1885: 1882: 1880: 1877: 1875: 1872: 1868: 1865: 1864: 1863: 1860: 1858: 1855: 1853: 1850: 1848: 1845: 1841: 1840:United States 1838: 1836: 1833: 1831: 1828: 1827: 1825: 1823: 1820: 1818: 1815: 1813: 1810: 1808: 1805: 1803: 1800: 1798: 1795: 1793: 1790: 1788: 1785: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1753: 1750: 1748: 1745: 1743: 1740: 1736: 1733: 1731: 1728: 1726: 1723: 1722: 1721: 1718: 1716: 1713: 1711: 1708: 1704: 1703:United States 1701: 1699: 1696: 1694: 1691: 1690: 1689: 1686: 1684: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1674: 1671: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1661: 1659: 1656: 1655: 1649: 1643: 1642: 1632: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1617: 1616:Protestantism 1614: 1612: 1609: 1605: 1602: 1601: 1600: 1597: 1591: 1588: 1586: 1583: 1581: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1567: 1566: 1563: 1562: 1561: 1558: 1554: 1551: 1549: 1546: 1545: 1544: 1541: 1539: 1536: 1532: 1529: 1527: 1526:LDS or Mormon 1524: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1514: 1511: 1510: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1501: 1499: 1496: 1494: 1491: 1490: 1484: 1479: 1478: 1468: 1465: 1463: 1460: 1456: 1453: 1451: 1450:Transmisogyny 1448: 1446: 1443: 1442: 1441: 1438: 1434: 1431: 1429: 1426: 1425: 1424: 1421: 1419: 1416: 1414: 1411: 1409: 1406: 1404: 1401: 1399: 1396: 1394: 1391: 1389: 1386: 1384: 1381: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1371: 1369: 1366: 1364: 1361: 1359: 1356: 1354: 1353:Gerontophobia 1351: 1349: 1346: 1344: 1341: 1339: 1336: 1334: 1331: 1329: 1326: 1324: 1321: 1319: 1316: 1314: 1311: 1309: 1306: 1304: 1301: 1299: 1296: 1294: 1291: 1289: 1286: 1284: 1283:Anti-intersex 1281: 1279: 1276: 1274: 1271: 1269: 1266: 1264: 1261: 1259: 1258:Anti-albinism 1256: 1254: 1251: 1249: 1246: 1244: 1241: 1240: 1231: 1230: 1220: 1217: 1215: 1212: 1210: 1207: 1205: 1202: 1200: 1197: 1195: 1192: 1188: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1179: 1178: 1175: 1173: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1163: 1160: 1158: 1155: 1153: 1150: 1148: 1145: 1143: 1140: 1138: 1135: 1133: 1130: 1128: 1125: 1123: 1120: 1119: 1110: 1109: 1099: 1096: 1094: 1091: 1089: 1086: 1084: 1083:Institutional 1081: 1080: 1071: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1061: 1058: 1055: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1045: 1035: 1030: 1028: 1023: 1021: 1016: 1015: 1013: 1012: 1009: 1006: 1005: 997: 994: 992: 989: 987: 984: 980: 977: 976: 975: 972: 968: 965: 963: 960: 958: 955: 954: 953: 950: 946: 943: 941: 938: 936: 933: 931: 928: 926: 923: 921: 918: 917: 916: 913: 910: 906: 903: 901: 898: 894: 893:Protestantism 891: 889: 886: 884: 881: 879: 876: 874: 871: 867: 864: 863: 862: 859: 855: 852: 851: 850: 849:Christophobia 847: 846: 845: 842: 840: 837: 835: 832: 830: 827: 825: 822: 821: 817: 812: 811: 800: 797: 795: 792: 790: 787: 785: 782: 780: 777: 776: 775: 774: 770: 769: 764: 761: 760: 759: 758: 755: 752: 751: 746: 743: 741: 738: 736: 733: 731: 728: 726: 723: 721: 718: 716: 713: 711: 708: 706: 703: 701: 698: 696: 693: 691: 688: 686: 683: 681: 678: 676: 673: 672: 671: 670: 667: 664: 663: 658: 655: 653: 650: 648: 645: 643: 640: 638: 635: 633: 630: 628: 625: 623: 620: 618: 615: 613: 610: 608: 605: 603: 600: 598: 595: 593: 590: 588: 585: 583: 580: 578: 575: 573: 570: 568: 565: 563: 560: 558: 555: 553: 550: 548: 545: 543: 540: 538: 535: 533: 530: 528: 525: 524: 523: 522: 519: 516: 515: 510: 507: 505: 502: 500: 497: 495: 492: 490: 487: 485: 482: 480: 477: 475: 472: 470: 467: 465: 462: 460: 457: 455: 452: 450: 447: 445: 442: 440: 437: 435: 432: 430: 427: 425: 422: 420: 417: 415: 412: 410: 407: 405: 402: 400: 397: 395: 392: 390: 387: 385: 382: 380: 377: 375: 372: 370: 367: 365: 362: 360: 357: 355: 352: 350: 347: 345: 342: 340: 337: 336: 335: 334: 331: 328: 327: 322: 321:United States 319: 317: 314: 312: 309: 307: 304: 302: 299: 297: 294: 292: 289: 287: 284: 283: 282: 281: 278: 277:South America 274: 271: 270: 265: 262: 260: 257: 255: 252: 250: 247: 245: 242: 240: 237: 235: 232: 230: 227: 225: 222: 220: 217: 215: 212: 210: 207: 205: 202: 200: 197: 195: 192: 190: 187: 185: 182: 180: 177: 176: 175: 174: 171: 168: 167: 162: 157: 156: 148: 147:Atheist state 145: 143: 140: 138: 137:Secular state 135: 133: 130: 129: 123: 120: 118: 115: 113: 110: 108: 107:School prayer 105: 103: 100: 98: 95: 93: 90: 88: 85: 83: 80: 78: 75: 73: 70: 68: 65: 64: 57: 56: 53: 50: 49: 43: 38: 32: 27: 19: 20258:Gender-blind 20145:Human rights 19973:Racial quota 19960: 19940:Jewish quota 19920:Gerontocracy 19915:Gender roles 19893:Disabilities 19878:Blood purity 19850:Wife selling 19840:White flight 19820:Slut-shaming 19800:Scapegoating 19718:Murder music 19391:Palestinians 19334:Anti-Zionism 19202:South Africa 19187:Black people 19165:South Africa 18985: 18981:Christianity 18971:Baháʼí Faith 18899:Sectarianism 18839:Heterosexism 18804:Ephebiphobia 18774:Anti-Masonry 18641:Hair texture 18494:Universities 18326:Third orders 18289:Associations 18279:Visitandines 18274:Trinitarians 18224:Mercedarians 18209:Hieronymites 18154:Camaldoleses 18139:Benedictines 18129:Augustinians 18089: 18082: 18075: 18056:Vatican News 18027: 18010:Distinctions 17816:Syro-Malabar 17701:Latin Church 17623:Grand master 17521:Metropolitan 17418:Vatican City 17313:Organisation 17192:Philosophers 17057:Confirmation 17034:In canon law 17028:Subsistit in 17026: 17022:Three states 17009: 16970: 16963:Ecclesiology 16945:Nova Vulgata 16943: 16901:Original sin 16896:Nicene Creed 16886:Divine grace 16845: 16727:Universities 16697:Papal States 16624:Great Church 16566:Resurrection 16543:Early Church 16233: 16181:Soviet Union 16171:Saudi Arabia 16096:Nazi Germany 15999:Adolf Hitler 15984:Three Pashas 15954:Ranavalona I 15901:Early modern 15793:Roman Empire 15665:Eastern Bloc 15610:Cristero War 15473:Early modern 15402:Roman Empire 15303: 15291: 15282: 15270: 15261: 15249: 15242: 15229: 15217: 15203: 15193: 15183: 15175: 15171: 15154: 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Retrieved 11639:. 2020-07-05 11636: 11627: 11615:. Retrieved 11610: 11603:Shafer, Jack 11597: 11585:. Retrieved 11580: 11571: 11563: 11558: 11550:The Guardian 11549: 11540: 11520: 11513: 11505: 11500: 11490: 11483: 11458: 11450: 11442: 11437: 11412: 11404: 11384: 11364: 11344: 11336: 11327: 11321: 11309:. Retrieved 11305:the original 11296: 11286: 11278:the original 11268: 11246:(1): 38–69. 11243: 11239: 11229: 11221: 11216: 11175: 11171: 11125: 11121: 11111: 11100:. Retrieved 11096: 11087: 11046: 11042: 11010: 10985:cite journal 10968: 10964: 10931: 10924: 10899: 10895: 10889: 10869: 10862: 10837: 10833: 10823: 10814: 10801: 10784: 10771: 10746: 10738: 10730: 10725: 10707: 10702: 10694: 10689: 10669: 10662: 10648: 10644: 10633: 10625: 10617: 10612: 10596: 10588:the original 10582: 10552: 10542: 10533: 10517: 10505: 10496: 10478: 10459: 10453: 10433: 10426: 10406: 10399: 10379: 10373: 10353: 10347: 10338: 10326:. Retrieved 10322:the original 10312: 10301:. Retrieved 10294:the original 10279: 10263: 10247: 10242: 10225: 10208: 10200: 10195: 10178: 10170: 10167:Joachim Fest 10162: 10145: 10136: 10116: 10108: 10099: 10091: 10086: 10069: 10053: 10048: 10039: 10033: 10024: 10018: 10010: 10005: 9995: 9992:Alan Bullock 9987: 9977: 9974:Alan Bullock 9969: 9952: 9929: 9912: 9904: 9896: 9883: 9875: 9860: 9853: 9840: 9831: 9822: 9806: 9790: 9781: 9767: 9754: 9735: 9722: 9714: 9709: 9701: 9696: 9687: 9680:(in English) 9675: 9662: 9654: 9649: 9638:. Retrieved 9634: 9624: 9613:. Retrieved 9609: 9599: 9589: 9581: 9570:. Retrieved 9566: 9557: 9549: 9544: 9528: 9516: 9507: 9498: 9489: 9479: 9469: 9462: 9448:(1): 15–25. 9445: 9441: 9435: 9415: 9408: 9398: 9391: 9372: 9366: 9346: 9339: 9331: 9326: 9315:. Retrieved 9305: 9294:. 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Retrieved 8513:the original 8503: 8479: 8472: 8452: 8445: 8436: 8430: 8421: 8412: 8395: 8390: 8370: 8363: 8355: 8350: 8342: 8337: 8317: 8310: 8298: 8270: 8263: 8177:Antipapalism 8140: 8130: 8120: 8102: 8083: 8060:(1767), and 8046:Two Sicilies 8044:(1764), the 8033:Jesuit order 8027: 8001: 7990: 7960: 7937: 7904: 7895:Benedict XVI 7887: 7883: 7860: 7853: 7808: 7775: 7766: 7759: 7746: 7735: 7720: 7705: 7696:Burkina Faso 7687: 7616: 7571: 7532: 7489: 7439: 7416: 7393: 7387: 7379: 7376: 7347: 7336: 7312: 7292: 7273: 7253:World War II 7247: 7240: 7239: 7212: 7209: 7206: 7202: 7199: 7191: 7187:Pope Francis 7184: 7169: 7144: 7138: 7134: 7130:Cristero War 7119: 7107: 7101:, President 7096: 7056: 7042: 6996:anticlerical 6989: 6980: 6973:Émile Combes 6966: 6939: 6935:Pope Pius VI 6906: 6900: 6889:massacre of 6867:Fidel Castro 6858: 6849:La Violencia 6841: 6810:drug dealers 6803: 6799:South Africa 6775:conservatism 6772: 6761: 6758: 6712: 6699: 6655:, including 6649: 6638: 6600: 6583:World War II 6580: 6564: 6553:Tammany Hall 6542: 6522:Tammany Hall 6517: 6509: 6490: 6475: 6471:Orange Riots 6468: 6464: 6460:Pope Pius IX 6453: 6444:Papal States 6433: 6429: 6417: 6413: 6409: 6405: 6390: 6359: 6355: 6330: 6323: 6319: 6296:clerics and 6291: 6263: 6255: 6230: 6227:Ku Klux Klan 6204: 6201:Colonial era 6195: 6188: 6168: 6155: 6114: 6097: 6065: 6001: 5967:Spanish rule 5960: 5940: 5928: 5925:Pope Pius XI 5922: 5890: 5880: 5872: 5851: 5844: 5838: 5832: 5817:Alan Bullock 5813:Christianity 5809: 5770:Nazi Germany 5763: 5760:Kirchenkampf 5746:Nazi Germany 5736: 5732: 5717: 5711: 5663:Bill English 5648: 5606:Michael King 5597: 5585: 5573: 5546: 5535: 5524: 5489: 5477: 5462:Newfoundland 5460: 5457:Newfoundland 5451: 5434: 5422: 5415: 5411:Orange Order 5403:George Brown 5396: 5386: 5382:Presbyterian 5379: 5312: 5307: 5286: 5279: 5264: 5254:, the first 5249: 5238: 5217: 5204:Orange Order 5181: 5177:The Troubles 5167:. Under the 5154: 5130: 5122:the Troubles 5119: 5110:World War II 5107: 5094:Protestants. 5083:The Vanguard 5082: 5079:Achill Sound 5072: 5044: 5035: 5032:Linda Colley 5013: 5010:19th century 4988:British Army 4974:. Passed by 4968:Gordon Riots 4965: 4962:Gordon Riots 4944: 4930: 4924:" involving 4911: 4900: 4890: 4884: 4872: 4844: 4836: 4782: 4767: 4747: 4734:(1537), the 4729: 4699: 4660: 4648: 4639:scholars in 4609:Isaac Newton 4571:, including 4567: 4553: 4545: 4522: 4518: 4473:such as the 4444: 4412:ethnocentric 4384: 4352:the Troubles 4287: 4283: 4282: 4104:Lorenzo Ruiz 4069: 4058: 4053:Know Nothing 3933:Óscar Romero 3853:Pietro Leoni 3835: 3828: 3766: 3759: 3752: 3663:Dominic Tang 3645: 3638: 3631: 3587:Karl Leisner 3572:Rupert Mayer 3554: 3466: 3416:Acerba animi 3414: 3407: 3403:Cristero War 3236:Saudi Arabia 3191:Muslim world 3126:Roman Empire 3074:Persecutions 3073: 2821:Gender-blind 2700:Human rights 2520:Racial quota 2507: 2487:Jewish quota 2467:Gerontocracy 2462:Gender roles 2440:Disabilities 2425:Blood purity 2391:Wife selling 2381:White flight 2361:Slut-shaming 2341:Scapegoating 2259:Murder music 1924:Palestinians 1867:Anti-Zionism 1735:South Africa 1720:Black people 1698:South Africa 1508:Christianity 1498:Baháʼí Faith 1418:Sectarianism 1358:Heterosexism 1323:Ephebiphobia 1293:Anti-Masonry 1152:Hair texture 962:Anti-Judaism 957:Antisemitism 945:Islamophobia 860: 844:Christianity 834:Baháʼí Faith 730:Saudi Arabia 499:Turkmenistan 254:South Africa 199:Burkina Faso 26: 20160:Nonviolence 20155:LGBT rights 20120:Empowerment 20088:Anti-racism 20010:Segregation 19955:No kid zone 19755:Persecution 19668:Hate speech 19619:Gay bashing 19594:Ethnic joke 19549:Dog whistle 19494:Blood libel 19182:Azerbaijani 19086:Neopaganism 19079:Persecution 19040:Persecution 19023:Persecution 18986:Catholicism 18921:Transphobia 18904:Supremacism 18859:Lesbophobia 18779:Aporophobia 18744:Anti-autism 18595:Taste-based 18590:Statistical 18484:Health care 18470:Pax Christi 18422:Schoenstatt 18387:Sant'Egidio 18219:Legionaries 18199:Franciscans 18174:Cistercians 18169:Carthusians 18124:Annonciades 17983:Altarpieces 17876:West Syriac 17871:East Syriac 17851:Alexandrian 17475:Holy orders 17456:Swiss Guard 17396:Dicasteries 17391:Roman Curia 17289:Evangelists 17247:Holy Family 17182:Personalism 17172:Natural law 17150:Josephology 17084:Holy orders 16722:Inquisition 16679:Middle Ages 16669:Monasticism 16637:Constantine 16561:Crucifixion 16349:New Martyrs 16273:Protestants 16229:Anabaptists 16156:North Korea 16051:Afghanistan 16014:Kim Il-sung 15979:Enver Hoxha 15974:Bai Chongxi 15923:Tipu Sultan 15887:Hulagu Khan 15870:Middle Ages 15531:1850 Aleppo 15435:Middle Ages 15198:online free 15178:(1): 25–41. 15080:online free 14928:(1): 25–41. 13650:16 November 13330:Yahoo! News 12750:1 September 11811:www.msn.com 10971:(3): 1–25. 8736:(2001) 70#1 8635:Inquisition 8122:The Italian 8113:pornography 7928:South Korea 7913:North Korea 7583:Bosnian War 7572:During the 7496:Lithuanians 7389:Kulturkampf 7382:leading to 7373:Switzerland 7232:Funeral of 7075:Kulturkampf 7063:Franciscans 7045:(1880), by 7000:Louis André 6901:During the 6804:During the 6768:Freemasonry 6727:Lutheranism 6607:Jack Shafer 6598:criticized 6560:prohibition 6450:1860s-1890s 6352:1840s–1850s 6157:John Higham 6109:Ingrian War 6048:Monasticism 5963:Netherlands 5951:Netherlands 5927:issued the 5724:Kulturkampf 5699:Kulturkampf 5600:New Zealand 5594:New Zealand 5590:movements. 5516:New Holland 5506:, an Irish 5494:. In 1803, 5484:First Fleet 5467:Hugh Hoyles 5447:World War I 5348:blast bombs 5336:riot police 5284:, in 1971. 5151:association 5059:Robert Peel 4926:Titus Oates 4922:Popish Plot 4916:, in which 4894:Pope Pius V 4868:John Fisher 4864:Thomas More 4793:Inquisition 4783:During the 4774:See of Rome 4762:Gregory VII 4744:John Wesley 4718:Anabaptists 4665:stood in a 4625:Protestants 4621:John Wesley 4593:John Thomas 4577:John Calvin 4562:indulgences 4455:Inquisition 4392:immigration 4300:Reformation 4147:North Korea 4097:Philippines 4048:James Coyle 3901:El Salvador 3809:Josef Beran 3597:Kulturkampf 3567:Alois Grimm 3562:Alfred Delp 3527:Netherlands 3348:Reformation 2715:Nonviolence 2710:LGBT rights 2675:Empowerment 2643:Anti-racism 2557:Segregation 2502:No kid zone 2296:Persecution 2209:Hate speech 2160:Gay bashing 2135:Ethnic joke 2090:Dog whistle 2035:Blood libel 1715:Azerbaijani 1611:Neopaganism 1604:Persecution 1565:Persecution 1548:Persecution 1512:Catholicism 1440:Transphobia 1423:Supremacism 1378:Lesbophobia 1298:Aporophobia 1263:Anti-autism 1098:Taste-based 1093:Statistical 986:Neopaganism 909:Hinduphobia 861:Catholicism 666:Middle East 469:South Korea 454:Philippines 444:North Korea 339:Afghanistan 42:Thomas Nast 20489:Categories 20434:Stereotype 20429:Speciesism 20310:Oppression 20305:Oikophobia 20201:Allophilia 20185:Toleration 20042:Sodomy law 19935:Internment 19855:Witch-hunt 19733:Blackhawks 19663:Hate group 19651:Hate crime 19624:Gendercide 19614:Freak show 19604:Excellence 19564:Employment 19534:Defamation 19466:Vietnamese 19461:Venezuelan 19351:Lithuanian 19013:Falun Gong 18948:Xenophobia 18943:Vegaphobia 18926:Non-binary 18884:Pedophobia 18849:Homophobia 18671:Skin color 18631:Disability 18604:Attributes 18585:Structural 18239:Oratorians 18194:Dominicans 18164:Carmelites 18159:Camillians 18107:institutes 17920:Tridentine 17856:Antiochian 17776:Macedonian 17721:Belarusian 17611:Provincial 17526:Archbishop 17446:Roman Rota 17408:Properties 17333:By country 17329:Precedence 17294:Confessors 17274:Archangels 17264:Patriarchs 17164:Philosophy 17142:Veneration 17107:Assumption 17077:Last rites 17044:Sacraments 16988:Four marks 16799:Vatican II 16747:Modern era 16583:Succession 16136:Madagascar 16061:Azerbaijan 16024:Xi Jinping 16004:Mao Zedong 15841:Diocletian 15770:persecutor 15561:Diyarbekir 14237:2019-02-09 14197:2015-11-09 14168:2015-11-09 14144:2015-11-09 14119:10 October 14030:2023-12-20 13969:2012-08-09 13932:2012-08-09 13895:2010-01-10 13817:2023-12-20 13617:17 January 13546:2011-06-28 13503:2011-07-06 13476:2019-05-15 13451:2019-05-15 13250:22 October 13214:Ramet 2006 13202:Hoare 2006 12776:2024-04-26 12703:2023-08-29 12656:2022-11-21 12631:2022-11-21 12606:2022-11-21 12582:2022-11-21 12557:2022-11-21 12122:Chadwick, 12011:2021-04-10 11986:2021-04-10 11965:2020-07-25 11940:2020-07-25 11915:2020-07-25 11890:2020-07-25 11865:2020-07-25 11840:2020-07-25 11816:2020-07-25 11792:2020-07-25 11767:2020-07-25 11743:2020-07-25 11718:2020-07-25 11693:2020-07-25 11668:2020-07-25 11643:2020-07-25 11617:20 January 11587:20 January 11102:2023-08-26 10902:(4): 427. 10805:Letter to 10785:Annotation 10303:2013-09-19 10113:Anton Gill 9640:2022-11-10 9615:2022-11-10 9572:2022-11-10 9317:2012-07-31 9296:2012-07-31 8519:9 February 8255:References 7795:See also: 7772:East Timor 7755:Xi Jinping 7666:Bangladesh 7603:See also: 7527:See also: 7360:have been 7354:Red Terror 7126:Calles Law 7099:Reform War 7067:Dominicans 6962:Vatican II 6339:urged the 6316:New nation 6310:Quebec Act 6283:Ann Glover 6237:Alma White 6189:Historian 6185:worldwide. 6002:After the 5914:Edgar Jung 5885:Anton Gill 5750:See also: 5675:Australian 5655:Jim Bolger 5630:Protestant 5508:Cistercian 5224:penal laws 5169:Penal Laws 5104:Since 1945 5004:Lord North 5000:government 4976:Parliament 4918:Guy Fawkes 4898:papal bull 4874:Queen Mary 4851:Henry VIII 4722:Methodists 4720:, and the 4585:Henry VIII 4497:Antichrist 4495:See also: 4408:xenophobic 4380:Anglophone 4322:, and the 4304:Protestant 4059:The Menace 4023:Penal Laws 3837:Anni sacri 3658:Beda Chang 3462:Red Terror 3437:Miguel Pro 2997:Stereotype 2992:Speciesism 2873:Oppression 2868:Oikophobia 2764:Allophilia 2740:Toleration 2589:Sodomy law 2482:Internment 2396:Witch-hunt 2274:Blackhawks 2204:Hate group 2192:Hate crime 2165:Gendercide 2155:Freak show 2145:Excellence 2105:Employment 2075:Defamation 1999:Vietnamese 1994:Venezuelan 1884:Lithuanian 1538:Falun Gong 1467:Xenophobia 1462:Vegaphobia 1445:Non-binary 1403:Pedophobia 1368:Homophobia 1182:Skin color 1142:Disability 1113:Attributes 1088:Structural 900:Falun Gong 607:Montenegro 547:Azerbaijan 504:Uzbekistan 484:Tajikistan 409:Kazakhstan 354:Bangladesh 349:Azerbaijan 244:Mauritania 214:Cape Verde 92:Secularism 20407:Christian 20335:Prejudice 20283:Masculism 20231:Diversity 20025:religious 20000:Redlining 19599:Ethnocide 19559:Education 19451:Ukrainian 19386:Pakistani 19376:Mongolian 19297:Australia 19279:Hungarian 19234:Colombian 19214:Bulgarian 19096:Rastafari 19045:Ahmadiyya 18958:Religious 18936:Trans men 18894:Pregnancy 18829:Gayphobia 18824:Fatphobia 18729:Acephobia 18724:Arophobia 18708:Viewpoint 18480:See also: 18432:Charities 18341:Discalced 18269:Trappists 18264:Theatines 18234:Olivetans 18179:Clarisses 18149:Blue nuns 18134:Basilians 18111:societies 18019:See also: 17905:Mozarabic 17895:Ambrosian 17881:Malankara 17866:Byzantine 17826:Ukrainian 17801:Ruthenian 17766:Hungarian 17751:Ethiopian 17726:Bulgarian 17693:sui iuris 17677:Postulant 17586:Religious 17541:Auxiliary 17536:Coadjutor 17506:Patriarch 17374:Cardinals 17321:Canon law 17317:Hierarchy 17299:Disciples 17222:Relations 17210:Evolution 17201:See also: 17146:See also: 17099:Mariology 17089:Matrimony 17062:Eucharist 16983:Ecumenism 16911:Salvation 16847:Catechism 16842:Tradition 16804:Communism 16652:Chalcedon 16261:Armenians 16234:Catholics 16106:Indonesia 15928:Minh Mạng 15861:Athanaric 15856:Shapur II 15784:Agrippa I 15304:SAGE Open 15028:146522059 14745:161327008 14676:146522059 14370:, Mainz: 13947:"隠れキリシタン" 13712:145166823 13382:Vice News 13064:159901288 12869:(3): 355. 12488:: 136–137 11611:Slate.com 11208:147145994 11192:0018-2680 11150:159458501 11142:1534-0708 11079:147145994 11063:0018-2680 10846:0026-3079 10793:0160-8460 9726:Sharkey, 9567:NZ Herald 9190:159985043 9082:143681268 8986:161882813 8694:145376199 7963:Sri Lanka 7946:Sri Lanka 7384:civil war 7362:beatified 7316:Grudziądz 7299:Stalinist 7157:Nicaragua 7006:upon the 6937:in 1798. 6913:atheistic 6895:Huguenots 6891:Catholics 6887:Michelade 6820:imposing 6783:left-wing 6628:far right 6549:Lutherans 5975:Amsterdam 5971:Calvinism 5610:Catholics 5603:historian 5474:Australia 5445:from the 5398:The Globe 5344:sectarian 5331:picketing 5327:loyalists 5275:Portadown 5265:In 1957, 5250:In 1934, 5196:Defenders 4907:Recusancy 4702:Lutherans 4694:last days 4690:Daniel 11 4663:Lutherans 4641:Magdeburg 4601:John Knox 4477:, banned 4400:Australia 4376:Romanists 3967:Guatemala 2970:Christian 2898:Prejudice 2846:Masculism 2794:Diversity 2572:religious 2547:Redlining 2140:Ethnocide 2100:Education 1984:Ukrainian 1919:Pakistani 1909:Mongolian 1830:Australia 1812:Hungarian 1767:Colombian 1747:Bulgarian 1621:Rastafari 1570:Ahmadiyya 1483:Religious 1455:Trans men 1413:Pregnancy 1348:Gayphobia 1343:Fatphobia 1248:Acephobia 1243:Arophobia 1219:Viewpoint 991:Rastafari 930:Ahmadiyya 873:Mormonism 763:Australia 637:Slovakia 474:Sri Lanka 464:Singapore 399:Indonesia 122:Theocracy 20464:Category 20446:The talk 20382:Snobbery 20300:Net bias 20130:Feminism 20057:Ugly law 19898:Catholic 19866:policies 19713:Mortgage 19708:Lynching 19639:examples 19634:Genocide 19554:Economic 19539:Democide 19499:Bullying 19416:Romanian 19381:Nigerian 19324:Japanese 19259:Georgian 19244:Filipino 19177:Assyrian 19150:Armenian 19140:American 19135:Albanian 19117:National 19101:Yazidism 19018:Hinduism 18976:Buddhism 18879:Nepotism 18874:Misogyny 18869:Misandry 18794:Clannism 18789:Biphobia 18734:Adultism 18651:Language 18524:Category 18417:Opus Dei 18402:Scouting 18392:Focolare 18259:Servites 18244:Piarists 18189:Crosiers 17925:Anglican 17861:Armenian 17791:Romanian 17781:Maronite 17756:Georgian 17746:Eritrean 17731:Chaldean 17716:Armenian 17711:Albanian 17592:Superior 17551:Emeritus 17531:Diocesan 17384:Advisers 17343:Holy See 17269:Prophets 17227:Politics 16998:Catholic 16978:Councils 16833:Theology 16712:Crusades 16647:Nicaea I 16578:Apostles 16556:Ministry 16525:Timeline 16505:Glossary 16422:Category 16196:Thailand 16166:Pakistan 16141:Malaysia 16071:Cambodia 15851:Galerius 15846:Maximian 15825:Valerian 15805:Domitian 15376:incident 15125:(2016). 14878:(2016). 14114:BBC News 13992:cite web 13959:56431036 13922:56431036 13871:Kajo Mag 13644:Archived 13611:Archived 13418:BBC News 13362:19 March 13282:10 April 12420:Archived 11960:Fox News 10977:20024738 10965:Daedalus 10854:40642429 10715:Archived 10550:(2004). 10271:(2004). 9762:(2006). 9743:Archived 9686:(1982). 9588:(1890). 9442:Politics 9237:Archived 9034:55335177 8924:"Fenian" 8829:Archived 8761:Vanguard 8537:Archived 8485:New York 8222:Hindutva 8161:See also 8132:The Monk 8087:bullying 8040:(1759), 7967:Buddhist 7841:Pakistan 7539:Chetniks 7517:Pratulin 7512:Orthodox 7278:and the 7069:and the 6942:Napoleon 6931:genocide 6832:Colombia 6705:Austrian 6681:Portugal 6657:Voltaire 6603:magazine 6545:Al Smith 6337:John Jay 6308:was the 6294:Anglican 6266:Puritans 6212:Puritans 6177:and the 6028:Lutheran 5877:— 5823:and the 5626:Scotland 4778:celibacy 4714:Baptists 4671:heretics 4637:Lutheran 4404:nativist 4354:and the 4320:Scotland 4114:Gomburza 3748:Policies 3087:Overview 3066:a series 3064:Part of 3009:The talk 2945:Snobbery 2863:Net bias 2685:Feminism 2604:Ugly law 2445:Catholic 2411:Policies 2254:Mortgage 2249:Lynching 2180:examples 2175:Genocide 2095:Economic 2080:Democide 2040:Bullying 1949:Romanian 1914:Nigerian 1857:Japanese 1792:Georgian 1777:Filipino 1710:Assyrian 1683:Armenian 1673:American 1668:Albanian 1648:national 1626:Yazidism 1543:Hinduism 1503:Buddhism 1398:Nepotism 1393:Misogyny 1388:Misandry 1313:Clannism 1308:Biphobia 1253:Adultism 1162:Language 1049:a series 1047:Part of 905:Hinduism 839:Buddhism 642:Slovenia 562:Bulgaria 489:Thailand 449:Pakistan 429:Mongolia 424:Maldives 419:Malaysia 369:Cambodia 316:Paraguay 296:Colombia 264:Tanzania 234:DR Congo 209:Cameroon 194:Botswana 60:Concepts 20474:Commons 20253:Figleaf 19678:Housing 19446:Turkish 19396:Pashtun 19366:Mexican 19346:Kurdish 19319:Italian 19269:Haitian 19254:Finnish 19229:Chinese 19224:Chechen 19219:Catalan 19209:Bengali 19130:African 19115:Ethnic/ 19074:Judaism 19060:Sunnism 19050:Shi'ism 18966:Atheism 18799:Elitism 18698:Species 18636:Genetic 18626:Dialect 18489:Schools 18445:Caritas 18353:Secular 18319:Workers 18214:Jesuits 18000:Museums 17995:Library 17973:Writers 17968:Artists 17948:Culture 17915:Paul VI 17796:Russian 17786:Melkite 17628:Brother 17606:General 17546:Titular 17516:Primate 17494:Eparchy 17484:Diocese 17431:Outline 17370:College 17360:Francis 17304:Virgins 17279:Martyrs 17205:Science 17112:History 17067:Penance 17052:Baptism 16953:Worship 16926:Vulgate 16874:Kingdom 16869:Trinity 16857:General 16612:Primacy 16520:History 16500:Outline 16432:Commons 16283:Martyrs 16244:Mormons 16206:Vietnam 16176:Somalia 16151:Nigeria 16131:Lebanon 16056:Algeria 16044:country 16009:Pol Pot 15115:4048544 15020:3654412 14804:2952736 14737:3636570 14697:(1977). 14668:3654412 14639:1891707 14565:(1938) 14408:Sources 14374:, 2011. 13704:3876563 12697:Reuters 12333:(2002) 12286:(1906) 12005:Reuters 10916:3786374 10651:William 9490:The Age 9243:online. 9098:(2015). 8555:at the 8358:(2017). 8074:Prussia 8066:Hungary 8062:Austria 7997:Colombo 7867:Taliban 7856:Karachi 7589:Ukraine 7559:mosques 7533:During 7417:In the 7330:in the 7326:and in 7320:Prudnik 7288:Chełmno 7267:as the 7071:Jesuits 7012:Masonic 6990:In the 6920:deistic 6897:in 1567 6864:atheist 6826:Umbanda 6723:Austria 6691:Austria 6667:in the 6661:Jesuits 6645:laïcité 6518:Tammany 6469:In the 6298:Puritan 6279:Papists 6117:Judaism 6020:Jesuits 5896:purge, 5622:England 5407:Jesuits 5323:Belfast 5319:Ardoyne 5139:Ireland 4996:looting 4657:notes, 4475:Jesuits 4445:In the 4414:and/or 4372:papists 4316:Prussia 4308:England 3991:Ireland 3951:Nigeria 3676:Vietnam 3543:Germany 3077:of the 2816:Figleaf 2219:Housing 1979:Turkish 1929:Pashtun 1899:Mexican 1879:Kurdish 1852:Italian 1802:Haitian 1787:Finnish 1762:Chinese 1757:Chechen 1752:Catalan 1742:Bengali 1663:African 1646:Ethnic/ 1599:Judaism 1585:Sunnism 1575:Shi'ism 1493:Atheism 1318:Elitism 1209:Species 1147:Genetic 1137:Dialect 952:Judaism 935:Alevism 907: ( 829:Atheism 771:Topical 754:Oceania 710:Lebanon 675:Bahrain 652:Ukraine 622:Romania 597:Hungary 592:Germany 587:Georgia 567:Croatia 557:Belgium 552:Belarus 542:Austria 537:Armenia 532:Andorra 527:Albania 509:Vietnam 434:Myanmar 389:Georgia 344:Armenia 301:Ecuador 249:Morocco 229:Comoros 204:Burundi 179:Algeria 67:Laicism 20439:threat 20293:autism 20030:sexual 20020:racial 19903:Jewish 19760:Pogrom 19738:Chiefs 19728:Braves 19456:Uyghur 19431:Somali 19426:Slavic 19411:Romani 19406:Quebec 19401:Polish 19341:Korean 19302:Canada 19289:Indian 19274:Hazara 19249:Fulani 19160:France 19125:Afghan 19055:Sufism 18784:Audism 18717:Social 18646:Height 18367:Fimcap 18309:Marian 18229:Minims 17961:Marian 17811:Syriac 17806:Slovak 17736:Coptic 17672:Oblate 17667:Master 17662:Novice 17657:Hermit 17645:Sister 17601:Abbess 17568:Deacon 17563:Priest 17558:Parish 17501:Bishop 17471:Polity 17257:Joseph 17239:Saints 16906:Saints 16794:Nazism 16442:Portal 16201:Turkey 16146:Mexico 16086:France 15947:Modern 15933:Tự Đức 15918:Kangxi 15820:Decius 15513:Modern 15296:online 15275:online 15254:online 15234:online 15222:online 15133: 15113: 15095:Albion 15071:(2010) 15026: 15018: 14989:650394 14987: 14951: 14935:Europe 14886: 14868:online 14842:online 14818:online 14802: 14773: 14762:(1971) 14743: 14735: 14711:(1955) 14674: 14666: 14637: 14603:online 14579:online 14567:online 14542:(1992) 14515: 14473: 14448: 14442:Oxford 14426: 14344: 14319:4 July 14292:4 July 14264:4 July 14077:"Home" 13957: 13920: 13762: 13735: 13710: 13702: 13340:3 June 13307: 13185: 13158: 13062: 13025: 12994: 12969: 12965:–508. 12937: 12831: 12531: 12472: 12448: 12394: 12335:Online 12288:online 12240: 12174: 12154:(2003) 12047: 11528: 11471: 11425: 11392: 11380:, and 11372: 11352: 11260:845452 11258: 11224:(1993) 11206: 11200:367880 11198: 11190: 11148: 11140: 11077: 11071:367880 11069: 11061: 11017: 10975: 10939: 10914: 10877: 10852: 10844: 10791: 10759: 10712:online 10677: 10560: 10525: 10487: 10466: 10441: 10414: 10387: 10361: 10328:24 May 10286: 10254: 10233: 10216: 10186: 10153: 10077: 10060: 9960: 9920: 9868: 9774: 9704:(2005) 9423: 9379: 9354: 9270:online 9234:online 9188: 9080: 9032: 8984: 8951:(CAIN) 8878: 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