243:. Kenneth Frazier, librarian at the University of Wisconsin, proposed that attendees at the meeting develop a fund to create a new publication model for academic journals wherein many libraries contributed to that fund, and from that fund, the contributors would create new publications on some model which lowered the costs of all journals. As founding director, Rick Johnson led the establishment of SPARC in 2002 as a result of so many librarians expressing the desire for reform.
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216:
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SPARC has established itself as an international alliance of academic and research libraries working "to correct imbalances in the scholarly publishing system". Its focus is to stimulate the emergence of new scholarly communication models that expand the dissemination of scholarly research and reduce
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financial pressures on libraries. Action by SPARC in collaboration with stakeholders – including authors, publishers, and libraries – builds on the opportunities created by the networked digital environment to advance the conduct of scholarship. Leading academic organizations have endorsed SPARC.
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which the publisher sends to the author upon acceptance of their work for publication. Authors which use the form typically retain the rights to use their own work without restriction, receive attribution, and to
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298:. The form gives the publisher the right to obtain a non-exclusive right to distribute a work for profit and to receive attribution as the journal of first publication.
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Starting in 2006 the SPARC Innovators Award has been given semi-annually to recognize an individual, institution, or group exemplifying SPARC principles.
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SPARC publishes an addendum which authors may use to negotiate with academic publishers. The form provides a templated request by authors to add to the
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819:"OpenCon: Students and Early-Career Researchers for Open Access, Open Education, and Open Data",
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168:) is an international alliance of academic and research libraries developed by the
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516:"SPARC at Ten: A Decade Later, Organization Still Aims to Be Part of The Solution"
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Access to medical knowledge : libraries, digitization, and the public good
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to scholarship. The coalition currently includes some 800 institutions in
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Impact of
Electronic Publishing: The Future for Publishers and Librarians
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811:(December 25, 2000), "Librarians Unite Against Cost of Journals",
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The idea of SPARC was presented at the 1997 annual meeting of the
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offers certification for journals choosing the CC-BY license (
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151:
845:
145:
621:"Soaring Prices Spur a Revolt in Scientific Publishing"
348:"Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition"
709:"Europe and North America - Global Open Access Portal"
27:
Collection of research libraries promoting open access
1161:
Scholarly
Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition
162:
Scholarly
Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition
31:
Scholarly
Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition
807:
578:. Lanham, Mar.: Scarecrow Press. pp. 218–220.
1401:
618:
2076:
779:"Access-Reuse Addendum to Publication Agreement"
258:in 2001. David Prosser became director in 2002.
2105:Political advocacy groups in the United States
199:Richard Johnson served as director 1998–2005.
1387:
868:
677:
460:David J. Brown; Richard Boulderstone (2008).
1116:Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association
420:, of which SPARC Europe is a founding member
418:Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association
124:Coalition of Open Access Policy Institutions
2100:Lobbying organizations in the United States
455:
453:
335:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1394:
1380:
875:
861:
267:SPARC Europe Seal for Open Access Journals
36:
399:Learn how and when to remove this message
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284:
245:
227:A video released by SPARC in support of
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2110:Organizations based in Washington, D.C.
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14:
2077:
619:Carol Kaesuk Yoon (December 8, 1998),
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1995:
1156:Registry of Open Access Repositories
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333:adding citations to reliable sources
300:
492:"Plan for Low-cost Journals Online"
24:
801:
524:, January 18, 2007, archived from
254:SPARC Europe was established with
25:
2121:
2095:Organizations established in 1998
1106:Directory of Open Access Journals
837:
730:"Using the SPARC Author Addendum"
600:"Will journal publishers perish?"
429:Open educational resources policy
275:Directory of Open Access Journals
241:Association of Research Libraries
170:Association of Research Libraries
305:
993:Budapest Open Access Initiative
882:
771:
746:
722:
701:
669:"SPARC Europe Hires Director".
1092:Directory of Open Access Books
662:
632:
612:
592:
532:
508:
484:
13:
1:
1972:Open-source software movement
1701:Free and open-source software
1430:Commons-based peer production
1111:Initiative for Open Citations
444:
439:Open Access Movement in India
1313:List of open-access journals
1303:Access to Knowledge movement
942:Copyright transfer agreement
291:copyright transfer agreement
122:Alliance for Taxpayer Access
18:Alliance for Taxpayer Access
7:
1064:Delayed open-access journal
927:Subscription business model
411:
58:; 26 years ago
10:
2126:
2050:Open educational resources
1059:Hybrid open-access journal
574:Groen, Frances K. (2007).
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1937:
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1838:Open Knowledge Foundation
1828:Open Architecture Network
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1645:Open-door academic policy
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1146:Public Library of Science
1131:Open Knowledge Foundation
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972:Article processing charge
908:
890:
685:"Former SPARC Innovators"
480:– via Google Books.
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52:
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1823:Free Software Foundation
1736:Open-source architecture
1151:Public Knowledge Project
1136:Open Society Foundations
1126:Open Archives Initiative
1023:NIH Public Access Policy
825:, US, December 2, 2014,
504:(29). US. July 20, 1998.
2090:Scholarly communication
1786:Politics and governance
172:in 1998 which promotes
1957:Free software movement
1848:Open Source Initiative
1798:Open-source governance
1681:Open-source journalism
1054:Open-access repository
251:
236:
231:, a 2012 petition for
75:Open access publishing
1962:Open science movement
1952:Free-culture movement
1630:Educational resources
1589:Collaborative writing
1466:Participatory culture
1082:The Cost of Knowledge
285:SPARC Author Addendum
249:
226:
2085:Open access projects
1741:Open-source hardware
1719:Open-design movement
1712:Open-source software
1480:Research and science
977:Predatory publishing
809:David D. Kirkpatrick
470:. pp. 200–201.
329:improve this section
250:Logo of SPARC Europe
233:open-access mandates
2023:Free Cultural Works
1967:Open Source Ecology
1853:Open Web Foundation
1750:Economic principles
1707:Free/libre software
1604:Participatory media
1232:Republic of Ireland
1049:Open-access mandate
550:on 5 September 2015
528:on December 2, 2008
32:
1889:Alexandra Elbakyan
1833:Openmod Initiative
1670:Citizen journalism
1547:Open communication
1528:Data, information,
1451:Open collaboration
1028:Research Works Act
1018:Geneva Declaration
1003:Bethesda Statement
998:Berlin Declaration
952:Scientific journal
673:. August 30, 2002.
608:, UK, May 11, 2000
434:Library publishing
281:on article level.
273:) and provide the
252:
237:
205:executive director
96:Official language
30:
2072:
2071:
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2060:Open Web movement
2045:Open Data Indices
1899:Peter Murray-Rust
1843:Open Rights Group
1806:
1805:
1689:
1688:
1542:Knowledge commons
1369:
1368:
932:Subscribe to Open
822:Information Today
585:978-0-8108-5272-3
497:Publishers Weekly
477:978-3-598-44013-7
409:
408:
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383:
224:
158:
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16:(Redirected from
2117:
2055:Open music model
2019:Definition docs
2008:Creative Commons
1993:
1992:
1909:Richard Stallman
1904:Douglas Rushkoff
1818:Creative Commons
1594:Democratic media
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1502:Notebook science
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1087:Creative Commons
1013:Durham Statement
947:Academic journal
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85:Washington, D.C.
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1884:Tim Berners-Lee
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1793:Open government
1781:
1777:Sharing economy
1762:Open innovation
1745:
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1674:Wiki journalism
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1599:Open publishing
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1487:Citizen science
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1341:Open government
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1308:Access2Research
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802:Further reading
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650:on 16 May 2015
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1575:and learning
1573:Communication
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689:sparcopen.org
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605:The Economist
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540:"SPARC Staff"
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350: –
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338:
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314:This section
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19:
1938:Projects and
1924:Aaron Swartz
1867:
1858:Pirate Party
1757:Gift economy
1537:Free content
1512:Science data
1492:Open science
1444:
1440:
1423:Key concepts
1414:Concepts and
1407:open content
1403:Free culture
1356:Open science
1326:Open content
1272:South Africa
1160:
1073:Projects and
920:
916:
820:
812:
789:. Retrieved
785:
773:
762:. Retrieved
757:
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737:. Retrieved
733:
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692:. Retrieved
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654:11 September
652:. Retrieved
648:the original
643:
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554:11 September
552:. Retrieved
548:the original
543:
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526:the original
519:
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462:
395:
389:October 2015
386:
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327:Please help
315:
296:self-archive
288:
277:(DOAJ) with
266:
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253:
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198:
165:
161:
159:
136:SPARC Africa
132:SPARC Europe
129:Affiliations
118:Subsidiaries
81:Headquarters
45:Abbreviation
2038:Open Source
1982:OpenWetWare
1919:Peter Sunde
1914:Peter Suber
1767:Open patent
1731:Open gaming
1609:Peer review
1456:Open source
1361:Open source
1247:New Zealand
1242:Netherlands
1095: [
884:Open access
466:. Germany:
424:Open Access
235:in the USA.
174:open access
134:SPARC Japan
2079:Categories
1658:Journalism
1640:Admissions
1635:University
1175:By country
1037:Strategies
986:Statements
957:Manuscript
791:2021-02-07
764:2021-02-07
739:2021-02-07
715:2017-05-11
694:2021-05-09
640:"About Us"
445:References
359:newspapers
1977:OpenCores
1940:movements
1877:Activists
1618:Education
1416:practices
1331:Open data
1182:Australia
967:Postprint
831:8755-6286
468:K.G. Saur
316:does not
207:in 2005.
194:Australia
53:Formation
2003:Licenses
1724:Robotics
1694:Products
1507:Research
1461:Openness
1262:Portugal
1121:OpenAIRE
1098:Wikidata
962:Preprint
909:Concepts
900:Timeline
711:. UNESCO
412:See also
279:metadata
1987:Sci-Hub
1703:(FOSS)
1557:Content
1471:Sharism
1443:versus
1287:Ukraine
1222:Hungary
1212:Germany
1202:Denmark
1192:Belgium
1187:Austria
1166:Sci-Hub
937:Paywall
919:versus
895:History
373:scholar
337:removed
322:sources
211:History
203:became
141:Website
101:English
61: (
1947:DIYbio
1517:Plan S
1497:Access
1441:Gratis
1282:Sweden
1267:Russia
1257:Poland
1252:Norway
1217:Greece
1207:France
1197:Canada
1141:Plan S
917:Gratis
829:
760:. 2013
582:
474:
375:
368:
361:
354:
346:
182:Europe
107:Leader
1996:Tools
1868:SPARC
1582:Media
1445:libre
1296:Other
1277:Spain
1237:Italy
1227:India
1101:]
921:libre
786:SPARC
782:(PDF)
758:SPARC
734:SPARC
644:SPARC
544:SPARC
380:JSTOR
366:books
256:LIBER
190:China
186:Japan
166:SPARC
71:Focus
48:SPARC
2033:Open
1863:PLOS
1672:and
1562:Data
1405:and
1008:DORA
827:ISSN
656:2013
580:ISBN
556:2013
472:ISBN
352:news
320:any
318:cite
192:and
160:The
89:U.S.
63:1998
56:1998
2013:GPL
502:244
331:by
196:.
2081::
784:.
756:.
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396:(
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387:(
377:·
370:·
363:·
356:·
339:.
325:.
164:(
65:)
20:)
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