377:
29:
357:"). Issued in 1780, the Code sought to amend fiscal, administrative, judicial and political flaws. During his judicial reform, Ipsilanti created civil courts in each Wallachian county. What was in fact a radical redefinition of legal boundaries had to make occasional reference to Byzantine norms (the traditional laws in the two Principalities), due to resistance from
372:
for public offices, a measure intended to reduce fiscal burdens on the taxed social categories (that had been supposed to provide revenues for the fiscal agents, usually boyars, in an economy in which land ownership had become less of an asset than holding office) and ensure a more professional
407:
joined the fighting (9 February 1788). A secondary effect of this event was the granting of military command over
Turkish troops in the region to Ypsilanti: the gesture is also significant as a temporary re-shaping of status in the relations between Prince and
338:
608:
93:
529:
365:
317:. Still in 1775, he was awarded the throne of Wallachia. This could only happen as the Russian troops were ending their occupation of
415:
Sources suggest that
Ypsilanti was considering an alliance with Austria, and had been negotiating with emissaries of Emperor
656:
681:
392:
336:
As principal acts of his reign in
Wallachia, Ypsilanti enforced a series of reforms. Several laws are grouped in the
330:
651:
666:
282:
676:
671:
416:
517:
110:
36:
661:
75:
588:
561:
306:
286:
270:
615:
400:
232:
440:
326:
210:
544:
314:
646:
641:
452:
446:
142:
8:
598:
554:
322:
321:, begun in 1771. The throne had been vacant throughout this period, a hiatus provoked by
132:
103:
58:
404:
255:
222:
205:
581:
351:
68:
571:
409:
486:
388:
343:
313:; a year later, he was rewarded for this and other services by being appointed
310:
281:
from 1786 to 1788. He bears the same name as, but should not be confused with,
244:
188:
184:
162:
158:
635:
509:
396:
302:
358:
354:
289:
hero of the early 19th century. The
Ypsilantis were a prominent family of
376:
290:
347:
28:
318:
274:
514:Între Orient și Occident – Țările Române la începutul epocii moderne
423:
in April, all contacts ceased and the Prince was kept in custody in
277:
from 1774 to 1782, and again from 1796 to 1797, and also
Voivode of
428:
278:
193:
167:
381:
266:
217:
420:
369:
361:
263:
197:
171:
424:
391:
history. In August 1787, Russia resumed hostilities (see
387:
Ypsilanti's reigns coincide with a critical moment in
633:
491:Istoria ideilor politice românești (1369–1878)
368:). Most notably, the new laws tried to impose
305:, Ypsilanti took part in the signing of the
501:Documente turcești privind istoria României
27:
427:up to the signing of the peace treaty at
301:In 1774, as a diplomat in service to the
375:
342:, called "Syntagmation nomikon" in its
16:Greek Voivode of Wallachia and Moldavia
634:
419:. However, as the Austrians occupied
412:for the context of Phanariote rule.
399:faced a large-scale invasion of its
380:Alexander Ypsilantis on a stamp of
13:
14:
693:
50:15 September 1774 – February 1782
262:; 1726 – 13 January 1807) was a
465:
1:
459:
393:Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)
85:December 1786 – 19 April 1788
536:Grand Dragoman of the Porte
7:
503:, vol. III, Bucharest, 1983
434:
124:August 1796 – December 1797
10:
698:
616:Prince/Voivode of Moldavia
477:
373:administrative structure.
657:Constantinopolitan Greeks
622:
613:
605:
595:
586:
578:
568:
559:
551:
541:
534:
526:
307:Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainarji
287:Greek War of Independence
248:
228:
216:
204:
178:
152:
148:
138:
128:
120:
109:
99:
89:
81:
74:
64:
54:
46:
35:
26:
21:
682:18th-century translators
296:
652:Diplomats from Istanbul
346:version (roughly: "The
667:Dragomans of the Porte
441:Constantine Ypsilantis
384:
339:Pravilniceasca condică
259:
211:Constantine Ypsilantis
609:Alexandru Mavrocordat
545:Constantine Mourousis
379:
364:in the Assembly (the
315:Dragoman of the Porte
252:Alexandros Ypsilantis
94:Alexandru Mavrocordat
677:Princes of Wallachia
672:Monarchs of Moldavia
453:Demetrios Ypsilantis
447:Alexander Ypsilantis
401:Danubian territories
329:at the start of the
249:Αλέξανδρος Υψηλάντης
241:Alexander Ypsilantis
143:Constantine Hangerli
22:Alexander Ypsilantis
625:Austrian occupation
599:Constantin Hangerli
589:Prince of Wallachia
562:Prince of Wallachia
555:Emanuel Giani Ruset
499:Mustafa A. Mehmet,
323:Emanuel Giani Ruset
260:Alexandru Ipsilanti
133:Alexander Mourouzis
111:Prince of Wallachia
104:Emanuel Giani Ruset
59:Emanuel Giani Ruset
37:Prince of Wallachia
431:(autumn of 1791).
385:
325:'s agreement with
76:Prince of Moldavia
662:Ypsilantis family
630:
629:
623:Succeeded by
596:Succeeded by
569:Succeeded by
542:Succeeded by
520:, Bucharest, 2007
518:Editura Humanitas
238:
237:
689:
606:Preceded by
582:Alexandru Moruzi
579:Preceded by
552:Preceded by
527:Preceded by
524:
523:
508:
498:
485:
472:
469:
250:
69:Nicholas Caradja
31:
19:
18:
697:
696:
692:
691:
690:
688:
687:
686:
632:
631:
626:
619:
611:
601:
592:
584:
574:
572:Nicolae Caradja
565:
557:
547:
538:
532:
530:Scarlat Caradja
506:
496:
483:
480:
475:
470:
466:
462:
437:
405:Habsburg Empire
299:
191:
183:
182:13 January 1807
165:
157:
113:
39:
17:
12:
11:
5:
695:
685:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
628:
627:
624:
621:
612:
607:
603:
602:
597:
594:
585:
580:
576:
575:
570:
567:
558:
553:
549:
548:
543:
540:
533:
528:
522:
521:
504:
494:
493:, Munich, 1987
487:Vlad Georgescu
479:
476:
474:
473:
471:Djuvara, p. 69
463:
461:
458:
457:
456:
450:
444:
436:
433:
355:customary laws
298:
295:
236:
235:
230:
226:
225:
220:
214:
213:
208:
202:
201:
189:Ottoman Empire
185:Constantinople
180:
176:
175:
163:Ottoman Empire
159:Constantinople
154:
150:
149:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
122:
118:
117:
107:
106:
101:
97:
96:
91:
87:
86:
83:
79:
78:
72:
71:
66:
62:
61:
56:
52:
51:
48:
44:
43:
33:
32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
694:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
639:
637:
618:
617:
610:
604:
600:
591:
590:
583:
577:
573:
564:
563:
556:
550:
546:
537:
531:
525:
519:
515:
511:
510:Neagu Djuvara
507:(in Romanian)
505:
502:
497:(in Romanian)
495:
492:
488:
484:(in Romanian)
482:
481:
468:
464:
454:
451:
448:
445:
442:
439:
438:
432:
430:
426:
422:
418:
413:
411:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
383:
378:
374:
371:
367:
363:
360:
356:
353:
349:
345:
341:
340:
334:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
294:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
265:
261:
257:
253:
246:
242:
234:
231:
227:
224:
221:
219:
215:
212:
209:
207:
203:
199:
195:
190:
186:
181:
177:
173:
169:
164:
160:
155:
151:
147:
144:
141:
137:
134:
131:
127:
123:
119:
116:
112:
108:
105:
102:
98:
95:
92:
88:
84:
80:
77:
73:
70:
67:
63:
60:
57:
53:
49:
45:
42:
38:
34:
30:
25:
20:
614:
587:
560:
535:
513:
500:
490:
467:
414:
386:
359:conservative
337:
335:
327:Catherine II
300:
283:his grandson
251:
240:
239:
192:(modern-day
166:(modern-day
114:
40:
647:1805 deaths
642:1726 births
395:), and the
291:Phanariotes
129:Predecessor
115:(2nd reign)
90:Predecessor
55:Predecessor
41:(1st reign)
636:Categories
620:1786–1788
593:1796–1797
566:1774–1782
460:References
455:– grandson
449:– grandson
223:Ypsilantis
417:Joseph II
352:Byzantine
319:Bucharest
275:Wallachia
139:Successor
100:Successor
65:Successor
435:See also
370:salaries
279:Moldavia
256:Romanian
233:Orthodox
229:Religion
194:Istanbul
168:Istanbul
478:Sources
429:Sistowa
403:as the
389:Ottoman
382:Moldova
267:Voivode
410:Sultan
362:boyars
311:Russia
285:, the
271:Prince
198:Turkey
172:Turkey
539:1774
443:– son
397:Porte
344:Greek
309:with
303:Porte
297:Reign
273:) of
264:Greek
245:Greek
218:House
206:Issue
121:Reign
82:Reign
47:Reign
425:Brno
421:Iaşi
366:Sfat
348:Code
179:Died
156:1726
153:Born
350:of
331:war
638::
516:,
512:,
489:,
333:.
293:.
258::
254:,
247::
196:,
187:,
170:,
161:,
269:(
243:(
200:)
174:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
