424:
318:
651:, which was mandated to listen to Albertans and their ideas for Alberta's future. The panel's mandate included a number of policy topics to evaluate and publicly consult on, including establishing a provincial police force by ending the Alberta Police Service Agreement with the Government of Canada. The Fair Deal Panel delivered its final report in May 2020 and recommended the province re-establish the APP to replace the RCMP. The report noted Albertans would benefit from a stable police presence in rural communities, and the agility provided to redistribute police resources without the approval of the federal government. Under the federal-provincial agreement, the Alberta government pays $ 262.4-million for RCMP service, with the Government of Canada contributing $ 112.4-million, which is approximately 30% of the total cost of policing in the province.
496:
834:
912:
32:
874:
Bellevue Café on August 7. APP Constables Fred Bailey and James Frewin along with RCMP Corporal Usher planned to arrest the pair at the café. A shootout ensued where reports indicate Bailey and Usher were killed by Basoff, and Frewin shot and killed Arkoff. Deputized civilian Nick Kyslik was killed the next day investigating a cabin in the area. Bassoff was captured in a shed near the
Pincher Creek train station on August 11. He was found guilty of murder and hanged on December 22, 1920.
545:
APP's days were numbered. Albertans and the provincial government were concerned about the potential loss of the APP, which had gained the admiration and trust of the province. However, supports of the APP were unable to muster significant opposition to the new federal contract, owing to the speed in which it was negotiated and the secrecy involving the details of the contract.
560:(Bill 43) which would wind down the operations of the APP. Bill 42 ratifying the agreement passed on March 7, 1932, by a vote of 50–7, while Bill 43 was passed two weeks later on March 21, 1932. Finally, on April 1, 1932, the RCMP began policing operations in Alberta. The change was bittersweet for many Albertans, with the Calgary-based newspaper
411:, which averaged 80% throughout its history. In particular the Calgary Division had significant success in 1930, with 2,492 convictions on 2,954 arrests, good enough for an 89.9% conviction rate. Among the 10% which were not convicted included individuals who were wanted outside of Alberta or Canada and
627:
to a commanding victory, taking 62% of the vote and forming his third majority government. However, Klein appointed nine MLAs to the
Committee on Strengthening Alberta's Role in Confederation, which recommended against a number of the policy points in the letter, yet called for a study of the RCMP to
464:
provincial policing responsibilities in
Saskatchewan. While disinterested in the RCMP and the situation in Saskatchewan, Prime Minister King advised Lapointe to resolve the matter to Premier Gardiner's satisfaction, and following a quick round of negotiations the SPP was disbanded by the end of 1928.
354:
and prohibition, which RNWMP Commissioner Perry was happy to ignore. Additional restrictions to liquor control came in 1918 when the federal government outlawed importation of liquor containing more than 2.5% alcohol content into Canada, while just across the Canada–United States border, the state of
308:
were passed by the federal government in Ottawa a few days later on
November 29, 1916. RNWMP services in Alberta would cease at midnight on December 31, 1916; however, the Alberta government was not prepared to stand-up a police force with only a months notice, so Borden extended the handover date to
240:
proposed that the mounted police should remain in the new provinces, under contract to the provincial authorities for $ 75,000 per year apiece – about one-third of the actual operational cost – a solution which was approved by both sides. The workload on the police grew quickly as a consequence, with
873:
Train 63 robbery at
Sentinel on August 2, 1920. George Arkoff, Alex Auloff and Tom Bassoff robbed passengers of $ 400 in cash and a collection of valuable items and escaped into the woods. Auloff headed to the United States alone while Arkoff and Bassoff stayed in the area and were seen entering the
540:
for policing services, which enticed the provinces to support the RCMP's jurisdictional growth. Alberta was provided a contract which required the province to pay $ 225,000 in the first year, and $ 250,000 for the next four years in return for the services of 200–225 RCMP, which was half of the cost
399:
revenue. Attrition was high for the new force, which saw 66 of the original 216 members resign in the first year of operations, and another 14 were dismissed by the service. Major McDonnell resigned by year end, leaving a depleted force of 139 men for the new
Superintendent Willoughby Charles Bryan.
544:
The APP suffered another blow with the resignation of long time
Commissioner W. C. Bryan on October 1, 1931, reportedly due to health concerns. Originally appointed Commissioner in 1922, Bryan worked tirelessly to improve the quality and reputation of the APP. His resignation was a signal that the
523:
over fractured provincial police forces. Bennett had publicly opposed the RNWMP withdrawal of the prairie provinces in 1917 as a member of Prime
Minister Borden's caucus, and saw the RCMP as an opportunity to assert federal control over policing, particularly around the issue of the union movement
367:, the British Columbia border, and the Saskatchewan border, using equipment superior to the APP's vehicles. While the rum runners had the upper hand during the early parts of prohibition, the APP grew sophisticated to handle the growing activity, especially after 1919 when the United States passed
886:
detachment in
Crowsnest Pass, which was a hub for the liquor smuggling into Alberta during prohibition. A common strategy for bootleggers was to run two vehicles, a "dummy" car which had no alcohol in it which would be stopped by the police, and a second vehicle which would race by the distracted
398:
The APP were not an early success, the costs to the provincial treasury for operating a police force quickly rose from the $ 75,000 annually under the RNWMP to an average of nearly half a million dollars between 1918 and 1922, which represented about 5% of the provincial government's total annual
582:
The RCMP proved to be a more economical policing solution for
Alberta, with the province reducing the costs of policing on the provincial treasury by almost 50%, while receiving a disproportionate number of RCMP officers. In 1933, 350 men were stationed in Alberta, representing 14.5% of the RCMP
463:
recognized the threat two of the options had to the future expansion of the RCMP, and personally viewed the provincial police as inferior to the RCMP and highly susceptible to political influence. Starnes prepared a secret briefing for Lapointe which persuasively argued for the RCMP to take over
899:
and possibly another shooter confronted and killed Constable Lawson in front of the APP station in Coleman. Both Emilio Picariello and Florence Lassandro were found guilty and hanged on May 2, 1923. The APP barracks which was the scene of the crime is now a Provincial Historic Resource and an
295:
should be temporarily suspended for the duration of the First World War. Commissioner Perry reached out to the prairie provinces to negotiate agreements to suspend police services, and while the government of Saskatchewan was agreeable to the temporary change in policing, the Alberta government
248:, the government refused to increase the establishment of the mounted police. By 1913, the provinces were expressing dissatisfaction about the service being delivered. Tensions grew between temperance campaigners and soldiers over the implementation of the liquor laws. The police barracks in
337:
through an intermediary. The Board of Commissioners was created on February 2, 1917, via Order in Council with Deputy Attorney General Arthur George Browning, Police Magistrate for the City of Calgary Gilbert Edward Sanders, and Police Magistrate for the City of Edmonton and former Mountie
378:
The APP's duties expanded quickly as the police force was viewed as a tool for facilitating provincial policy, which was well beyond the scope of basic policing. The expanded responsibilities included transporting sick and isolated homesteaders to the hospital, administering the estate of
491:
inquiring about the province's satisfaction with the performance of the RCMP, enforcement of provincial law including liquor, and employment of former SPP officers within the RCMP. MacPherson's responses to Brownlee were a positive indictment of the operation of the RCMP.
524:
and left-wing political parties. Brownlee recognizing the opportunity and facing significant financial pressures approached Commissioner MacBrien on December 3, 1931, seeking a new federal contract. The Bennett government in 1931–1932 provided good terms to Alberta,
350:'s, and was primarily composed of former RNWMP officers, with 85% of members previously being employed as Mounties. Despite efforts to depoliticize the new police force, the provincial government was excited about the prospect of the APP, in particular enforcing the
252:
were attacked in October 1916 by a crowd of over two hundred soldiers and civilians, who were trying to release six soldiers arrested for alcohol offences. The building was destroyed, one police officer was shot and several more injured.
168:
recently put into effect by the Alberta government after its experience doing so during territorial times. The RNWMP was replaced by the newly created Alberta Provincial Police on March 1, 1917, which remained responsible for
662:
said that she would not campaign on the previous United Conservative promise to replace the RCMP with a provincial police force. However, she said that the issue would revisited if the United Conservatives were re-elected.
568:
They had built up a reputation for law enforcement unsurpassed by any force in the world. They had gained the respect of the citizens of Alberta as fair men and they had followed the hard and dangerous path of duty without
342:
as the Commissioner. The Board had the authority to set general policies, guidelines and in association with newly appointed Superintendent Major A.E.C. McConnell, oversee the hiring and dismissal of personnel.
2824:
1532:
458:
in 1926 and provided three options, the RCMP take over the SPP duties; the SPP take over the RCMP duties; or the SPP take over RCMP duties outside of the border and remove northern areas. RCMP Commissioner
467:
The Alberta government was facing significant financial challenges as the province entered the 1930s, and the economics of maintaining a provincial police force was a difficult proposition for the
291:
Owing to these greater responsibilities, which came without additional funding, on June 20, 1916, Commissioner Perry advised the federal government that the RNWMP law enforcement contract with the
2746:
619:
contract and establishment of a new provincial police force. While the Firewall Letter dominated the headlines, it came at an inopportune time for Premier Klein, only three months before the
329:
Premier Arthur Sifton announced the new Alberta Provincial Police under the authority of a three-person Board of Commissioners. Sifton hoped leaving the police force at arm's length from the
2726:
595:
coupled with perceived hostile federal governments in the late-1990s and early-2000s made greater control over policing, taxation and other matters palatable to Albertans. The 2001
956:
2177:
2957:
2716:
2024:
2753:
2167:
591:
Calls for Alberta to establish a provincial police force grew into the 21st century along with prosperity from record energy prices during the early 2000s. Increasing
887:
officers minutes later. In September 1922 Lawson shot at a fleeing rum-runner which failed to stop at the checkpoint, injuring Steve Picariello, the son of prominent
2411:
1447:
2896:
1000:
372:
196:
announced a panel exploring the benefits of reinstating the APP, along with other policies regarding the return of federal programs to Alberta's jurisdiction.
519:
as Commissioner of the RCMP and enthusiastically supported the idea of a single, nation-wide law enforcement agency, which would provide efficiencies through
2558:
554:
An Act to ratify a certain Agreement between the Government of the Dominion of Canada and the Government of the Province of Alberta for Policing the Province
1419:
623:. Klein delayed an official response to the recommendations, publicly refuted some of the proposals in a response one month later, and subsequently led the
2860:
2741:
423:
2972:
2962:
1766:
242:
452:
734:
Gilbert Edward Sanders CMG, DSO (1917–1919) – Police Magistrate for the city of Calgary and previously with the North-West Mounted Police; served in
189:
during prohibition in Canada and the United States, as well as its remarkable efficiency and professionalism which endeared the force to Albertans.
2937:
2684:
2017:
1698:
624:
2619:
2057:
317:
2172:
2947:
508:
2420:
284:, guarding prisoners and investigations into complaints against enemy aliens. The RNWMP also established a special squadron of 150 men in
2614:
2077:
2010:
628:
evaluate if an alternative could be operationally and financially viable. This study was never completed, and in 2011 Klein's successor,
966:
2942:
2875:
2865:
2182:
842:
Constable Frank Sissons (Unknown – September 8, 1921) – shot in accident while inspecting living conditions of a family.
164:
due to a lack of sufficient resources in light of its increased responsibilities for national security and reluctance to again enforce
2429:
264:
in large numbers. The Mounties were charged with additional security responsibilities such as control, monitoring and registration of
2583:
2542:
2187:
2967:
2906:
2657:
2402:
2152:
322:
1385:
2829:
2680:
1849:
1309:
767:
Alberta Provincial Police stations were known as barracks or detachments with about 100 when the force was created in 1917.
2952:
2573:
770:
The province was divided into division regions: Edmonton, Red Deer, Calgary, Lethbridge, Peace River, and Grande Prairie.
2977:
2593:
2588:
1670:
145:
845:
Constable Oleson (Unknown – 1922) – injured seriously while enforcing order on a strikers' picketline at
2706:
2315:
930:
2199:
2870:
2662:
2350:
2082:
1908:
1870:
495:
2609:
2496:
2486:
2235:
2162:
1980:"Booze, Temperance, and Soldiers on the Home Front: The Unraveling of the Image of the Idealised Soldier in Canada"
869:
Nick Kyslik (Unknown – August 8, 1920) were killed attempting to apprehend suspects involved in the
368:
1475:
615:
to provide Alberta with more autonomy. Among the suggestions in the letter was the cancellation of the provincial
2355:
2125:
2052:
1792:
1560:
330:
269:
153:
2796:
2760:
2674:
2668:
2634:
2305:
2290:
2275:
2255:
2072:
1951:
1919:
935:
504:
436:
241:
the criminal cases being handled almost trebling between 1905 and 1912 to over 13,000. Despite complaints from
447:
sought to save money, reduce duplication of services and improve the reputation of the SPP. He approached the
2834:
2532:
2436:
2192:
2092:
2047:
655:
640:
635:
Provincial control of policing entered the forefront of Alberta politics again following the election of the
620:
440:
200:
2721:
2568:
2451:
2385:
2265:
2225:
261:
2855:
2537:
2476:
2441:
2340:
2067:
439:(SPP) which was founded alongside the APP during the First World War. The Saskatchewan government led by
1592:
1504:
882:
Constable Stephen O. Lawson (June 8, 1880 – September 21, 1922) was stationed out of the
2527:
2481:
2446:
1702:
797:
487:. Meanwhile, in the winter of 1930–1931, Brownlee had reached out to the Saskatchewan Attorney General
476:
380:
483:
in 1930, arguing the savings disbanding the force would provide; this was refuted by Attorney General
2791:
2736:
2731:
2466:
2370:
2330:
2240:
2120:
2033:
753:
726:
636:
583:
manpower, yet Alberta's contract required the province to only contribute 3.6% of the RCMP's budget.
468:
221:
2765:
2624:
2578:
2395:
2360:
2345:
870:
833:
685:
2132:
1445:
2911:
2639:
2506:
2310:
2300:
2280:
2270:
2157:
1666:
925:
680:
549:
444:
233:
220:
Policing of the area now known as the Province of Alberta began in 1874 with the creation of the
204:
2916:
2880:
2629:
2501:
2471:
2365:
2325:
2260:
2250:
2245:
612:
245:
2456:
2390:
2375:
2335:
2295:
2230:
2062:
1841:
852:
Constable George Osgoode (Unknown – January 25, 1922) – shot by bootlegger at
802:
675:
516:
165:
2806:
725:– Chairman (1917–1919) – Police Magistrate for the city of Edmonton and previously with the
2901:
2563:
2511:
2461:
2380:
537:
472:
364:
285:
1614:
8:
2786:
480:
432:
2285:
2087:
1860:
1568:
1001:"Kenney announces 'firewall'-style panel in pursuit of a 'fair deal' for Alberta saved"
896:
888:
784:
592:
520:
392:
1640:
2002:
1991:
1947:
1904:
1897:
1876:
1866:
1845:
892:
810:
460:
292:
273:
157:
1476:"Alberta and Canada sign new 20-year contract for RCMP as provincial police service"
865:
Constable Fred W.E. Bailey (September 23, 1889 – August 7, 1920) and
387:
which provided funds to widowed or deserted women to feed their children, inspected
2491:
2097:
1966:
1728:
1424:
1393:
961:
883:
846:
758:
Willoughby Charles Bryan 1922–1932 – previously with the North-West Mounted Police.
488:
305:
178:
2711:
2320:
866:
722:
455:
408:
339:
281:
260:
weighed heavily on the RNWMP throughout Canada, as young Canadian men joined the
257:
237:
170:
161:
31:
2781:
2825:
Civilian Review and Complaints Commission for the Royal Canadian Mounted Police
749:
659:
604:
596:
448:
334:
1818:"Man and Woman Die for Crime; Double Execution at Saskatchewan This Morning",
1675:
2931:
2801:
1995:
1880:
1420:"Ralph Klein, from the archives: Premier tackled Alberta 'firewall' proposal"
1026:
1005:
917:
529:
512:
388:
301:
297:
203:'s K Division is responsible for provincial policing in Alberta and the
1979:
1449:
Report of the MLA Committee on Strengthening Alberta's Role in Confederation
2839:
1797:
1500:
644:
484:
347:
265:
193:
141:
1561:"Smith removes sovereignty act, provincial police force from UCP campaign"
363:
began operating across the Canada–United States border infamously through
1415:
735:
629:
611:
that called for the provincial government to assert control and exercise
608:
600:
533:
515:
took over as Canada's eleventh Prime Minister. Bennett appointed General
412:
360:
182:
232:
to the North-West Mounted Police (RNWMP) in 1904. Upon Alberta entering
1446:
MLA Committee on Strengthening Alberta's Role in Confederation (2004).
225:
1970:
815:
705:
695:
690:
186:
174:
1455:. Edmonton, Alberta: Legislative Assembly of Alberta. pp. 23–27
607:
and six other prominent conservative Albertans addressed to Premier
700:
548:
On February 25, 1932, Justice Minister Lymburn introduced into the
525:
152:, Canada, from 1917 to 1932. The APP was formed as a result of the
181:. The APP was known for its tumultuous beginning, battles against
1680:
806:
356:
277:
249:
149:
90:
1946:. Toronto, Canada and Buffalo, US: University of Toronto Press.
1693:
1691:
507:
saw Mackenzie King's Liberal government removed from power, and
435:
the government of Saskatchewan was evaluating the future of the
1917:
1372:
1360:
1348:
853:
731:
Arthur George Browning KC (1917–1919) – Deputy Attorney General
632:, signed a 20-year provincial policing contract with the RCMP.
427:
Alberta Provincial Police Members of the Peace River Detachment
312:
300:
agreed to the change following a telegram from Prime Minister
1688:
647:
appointed six prominent Albertans and three MLAs to form the
1944:
The North-West Mounted Police and Law Enforcement, 1873–1905
1865:. Langley, British Columbia: Stagecoach Publishing Co. Ltd.
1587:
1585:
586:
475:. The earliest calls for dissolution of the force came from
2178:
Combined Forces Special Enforcement Unit – British Columbia
1335:
821:
616:
2168:
British Columbia Commercial Vehicle Safety and Enforcement
1899:
The Pictorial History of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police
1767:"100th anniversary of Bellevue Café shootout commemorated"
1729:"Canadian Police And Peace Officer's Memorial Honour Roll"
1027:"History of the RCMP | Royal Canadian Mounted Police"
407:
Among the APP's strengths during its time was the force's
207:
is responsible for additional provincial law enforcement.
1582:
2078:
Environment and Climate Change Canada Enforcement Branch
288:
for the purpose of controlling riots and insurrections.
1595:. RCMP Veterans' Association of Vancouver. July 9, 2013
418:
296:
remained uncertain. Alberta's government under Premier
215:
2032:
1540:. Edmonton: Treasury Board and Finance. pp. 34–35
828:
499:
Alberta Provincial Police on horseback near Drumheller
2754:
Régie intermunicipale de police de la Rivière-du-Nord
2559:
Calgary Transit Public Safety and Enforcement Section
1552:
1473:
2861:
List of law enforcement agencies in British Columbia
907:
2958:
Defunct Alberta government departments and agencies
564:publishing a fond goodbye to the force on April 1.
346:The newly formed APP was provided a few horses and
1896:
2412:Service de police de l’agglomération de Longueuil
1676:"Winchester Lever Action Development: Model 1876"
1621:. Southern Alberta Pioneers and their Descendants
1050:
1048:
2929:
2685:Office of the Independent Police Review Director
1439:
1314:Heritage resources Management Information System
1268:
1266:
1217:
1215:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1089:
1087:
1033:
1924:Journals of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta
1530:
1336:An Act to amend The Provincial Police Act, 1928
837:Funeral for Constable Stephen O. Lawson in 1922
625:Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta
603:authored by future Conservative Prime Minister
558:An Act to Amend the Provincial Police Act, 1928
2620:Integrated National Security Enforcement Teams
2058:Canadian Forces National Investigation Service
1045:
877:
752:(1912–1919) and Assistant Commissioner of the
2173:British Columbia Conservation Officer Service
2018:
1499:
1263:
1212:
1123:
1084:
860:
2751:
2427:
2418:
2409:
2400:
2197:
2130:
1965:. Edmonton, Alberta: University of Alberta.
1414:
895:. On September 21, 1922, Emilio Picariello,
599:(often called the "Firewall Letter") was an
2615:Canadian Pacific Kansas City Police Service
1723:
1721:
1719:
313:Early days of the Alberta Provincial Police
50:
2973:Government agencies disestablished in 1932
2963:Defunct law enforcement agencies of Canada
2876:Provincial correctional services in Canada
2866:List of law enforcement agencies in Canada
2183:Organized Crime Agency of British Columbia
2025:
2011:
1392:. Alberta Residents League. Archived from
2584:University of Alberta Protective Services
2421:Service de police de la Ville de Montréal
2188:High Sheriff of Newfoundland and Labrador
1558:
1474:Government of Alberta (August 19, 2011).
954:
773:
762:
748:Alfred Cuddy 1919–1922 – former Chief of
716:
587:Continued interest in provincial policing
1963:The Alberta Provincial Police, 1917-1932
1918:Legislative Assembly of Alberta (1932).
1903:. Toronto, Canada: McGraw-Hill Ryerson.
1716:
900:interpretive centre open to the public.
832:
742:
494:
422:
316:
304:on November 25, 1916, and the necessary
173:until 1932, when it was eliminated as a
2938:Government agencies established in 1917
2907:Rotary Museum of Police and Corrections
2430:Service de police de la Ville de Québec
1941:
1920:"7th Legislative Assembly, 2nd Session"
1894:
1790:
1764:
1066:
1054:
1039:
2930:
2747:Prince Edward Island Provincial Police
2658:Alberta Serious Incident Response Team
2403:Service de police de la Ville de Laval
2153:Alberta Law Enforcement Response Teams
1977:
1835:
1647:. Provincial Archives of Alberta. 2006
1310:"Alberta Provincial Police sous-fonds"
1302:
1093:
1078:
998:
986:
2830:Military Police Complaints Commission
2006:
1858:
1791:Collins, Robert (February 15, 1958).
1752:
1593:"Tribute to Teddy Bryan – Reg. #2152"
1534:Fair Deal Panel: Report to Government
1221:
1170:
1158:
1146:
1134:
1117:
2574:McMaster University Security Service
1960:
1844:: Foster Learning Inc. p. 202.
1373:Legislative Assembly of Alberta 1932
1361:Legislative Assembly of Alberta 1932
1349:Legislative Assembly of Alberta 1932
1296:
1284:
1272:
1257:
1245:
1233:
1206:
1194:
1182:
1105:
419:End of the Alberta Provincial Police
395:, and as a debt collection service.
216:North-West Mounted Police in Alberta
16:Canadian police force from 1917–1932
2948:Law enforcement agencies of Alberta
2594:YRT/Viva Special Constable Services
2589:University of Toronto Campus Safety
1793:"Canada's last great train robbery"
829:Officers killed in the line of duty
402:
13:
2707:British Columbia Provincial Police
2316:Kennebecasis Regional Police Force
2034:Law enforcement agencies in Canada
999:Dawson, Tyler (November 9, 2019).
955:Johnsrude, Larry (June 18, 2007).
931:British Columbia Provincial Police
14:
2989:
2943:1932 disestablishments in Alberta
2871:List of police firearms in Canada
2663:Independent Investigations Office
2543:Stl’atl’imx Tribal Police Service
2351:New Westminster Police Department
1765:Woodard, Dale (August 11, 2020).
957:"Provincial police history saved"
2897:Ontario Provincial Police Museum
2610:Canadian National Police Service
2497:West Vancouver Police Department
2487:Waterloo Regional Police Service
2163:British Columbia Sheriff Service
1531:Fair Deal Panel (May 31, 2020).
1316:. Provincial Archives of Alberta
910:
711:
30:
2727:New Brunswick Provincial Police
2356:Niagara Regional Police Service
2200:Unité permanente anticorruption
2126:Royal Newfoundland Constabulary
2053:Canadian Forces Military Police
1829:
1812:
1784:
1758:
1746:
1659:
1633:
1607:
1559:Graveland, Bill (May 5, 2023).
1524:
1493:
1467:
1408:
1378:
1366:
1354:
1342:
1328:
1290:
1278:
1251:
1239:
1227:
1200:
1188:
1176:
1164:
1152:
1140:
1111:
1099:
738:with rank of lieutenant-colonel
154:Royal North-West Mounted Police
2968:1917 establishments in Alberta
2761:Saskatchewan Provincial Police
2675:Serious Incident Response Team
2669:Independent Investigation Unit
2635:Metro Vancouver Transit Police
2306:Halton Regional Police Service
2291:Greater Sudbury Police Service
2276:Durham Regional Police Service
2256:Central Saanich Police Service
2073:Correctional Service of Canada
1506:Fair Deal Panel mandate letter
1072:
1060:
1019:
992:
980:
948:
936:Saskatchewan Provincial Police
505:1930 Canadian federal election
437:Saskatchewan Provincial Police
280:and the eastern slopes of the
268:, greater surveillance of the
1:
2835:Toronto Police Services Board
2564:GO Transit Special Constables
2533:Nishnawbe-Aski Police Service
2437:Saugeen Shores Police Service
2266:Charlottetown Police Services
2193:Ontario conservation officers
2093:Royal Canadian Mounted Police
2048:Canada Border Services Agency
1838:John E. Brownlee: A Biography
941:
778:
723:Philip Carteret Hill Primrose
656:2023 Alberta general election
641:2019 Alberta general election
621:2001 Alberta general election
201:Royal Canadian Mounted Police
192:On November 9, 2019, Premier
2782:Aircraft Protective Officers
2722:New Brunswick Highway Patrol
2569:Niagara Parks Police Service
2452:Summerside Police Department
2386:Port Moody Police Department
2226:Abbotsford Police Department
1895:Horrall, Stanley W. (1973).
1836:Foster, Franklin L. (1981).
489:Murdoch Alexander MacPherson
262:Canadian Expeditionary Force
7:
2953:Military history of Alberta
2856:Indigenous police in Canada
2681:Special Investigations Unit
2538:Treaty Three Police Service
2477:Vancouver Police Department
2442:South Simcoe Police Service
2341:Medicine Hat Police Service
1641:"Alberta Provincial Police"
903:
878:Constable Stephen O. Lawson
798:Smith & Wesson Model 10
383:persons, administering the
325:and sidecar near Drumheller
270:Canada–United States border
10:
2994:
2978:Canadian provincial police
2792:Bylaw enforcement officers
2717:Manitoba Provincial Police
2528:Anishinabek Police Service
2521:Indigenous police services
2482:Victoria Police Department
2467:Thunder Bay Police Service
1862:Alberta, the pioneer years
1615:"Bryant, Captain Nicholas"
1390:albertaresidentsleague.com
861:Constable Fred W.E. Bailey
791:
671:Known ranks on the force:
654:Prior to the start of the
321:Alberta Provincial Police
210:
2889:
2848:
2815:
2774:
2752:
2737:North-West Mounted Police
2732:Newfoundland Ranger Force
2702:Alberta Provincial Police
2694:
2648:
2602:
2551:
2520:
2428:
2419:
2410:
2401:
2371:Oak Bay Police Department
2331:Lethbridge Police Service
2241:Brockville Police Service
2236:Belleville Police Service
2214:
2198:
2143:
2131:
2121:Ontario Provincial Police
2113:
2106:
2040:
1984:Canadian Military History
849:, died later in hospital.
754:Ontario Provincial Police
727:North-West Mounted Police
637:United Conservative Party
471:government under Premier
222:North-West Mounted Police
142:provincial police service
134:Alberta Provincial Police
122:
117:
109:
101:
96:
86:
81:
73:
65:
60:
46:
38:
29:
25:Alberta Provincial Police
24:
2766:Shelburne Police Service
2625:Integrated Security Unit
2579:Transit Enforcement Unit
2447:Stratford Police Service
2396:Saskatoon Police Service
2361:North Bay Police Service
2346:Nelson Police Department
871:Canadian Pacific Railway
686:Assistant Superintendent
666:
541:of maintaining the APP.
82:Jurisdictional structure
2912:Vancouver Police Museum
2640:Via Rail Police Service
2507:Winnipeg Police Service
2311:Hamilton Police Service
2301:Halifax Regional Police
2281:Edmonton Police Service
2271:Delta Police Department
2158:Alberta Sheriffs Branch
1942:Macleod, R. C. (1976).
1512:. Office of the Premier
1481:. Government of Alberta
926:Alberta Sheriffs Branch
818:mounted on motorcycles
550:7th Alberta Legislature
445:James Garfield Gardiner
205:Alberta Sheriffs Branch
2917:Winnipeg Police Museum
2881:Police ranks in Canada
2630:Ottawa By-law Services
2552:Special constabularies
2502:Windsor Police Service
2472:Toronto Police Service
2366:Nunavik Police Service
2326:Lacombe Police Service
2261:Cobourg Police Service
2251:Camrose Police Service
2246:Calgary Police Service
1859:Fryer, Harold (1977).
838:
774:Equipment and vehicles
763:Stations and divisions
717:Board of Commissioners
580:
500:
428:
326:
246:Aylesworth Bowen Perry
51:
19:Law enforcement agency
2457:Surrey Police Service
2391:Regina Police Service
2376:Ottawa Police Service
2336:London Police Service
2321:Kingston Police Force
2296:Guelph Police Service
2231:Barrie Police Service
2063:Canada Revenue Agency
1842:Lloydminster, Alberta
1820:Vancouver Daily World
836:
803:Winchester Model 1876
743:After re-organisation
613:Constitutional powers
566:
517:James Howden MacBrien
498:
426:
320:
97:Operational structure
56:(Let justice be done)
2902:RCMP Heritage Centre
2787:Auxiliary constables
2512:York Regional Police
2462:Taber Police Service
2381:Peel Regional Police
2088:Parks Canada wardens
1978:Wilson, Fay (2016).
1503:(November 9, 2019).
1396:on December 24, 2006
538:Prince Edward Island
473:John Edward Brownlee
385:Mother's Pension Act
373:Eighteenth Amendment
228:, awarded the title
175:cost-cutting measure
156:(RNWMP) leaving the
1961:Moir, Sean (1992).
1822:, May 2, 1923, p. 1
1645:archivesalberta.org
1619:pioneersalberta.org
1339:, S.A. 1932, c. 14
481:David Milwyn Duggan
453:Minister of Justice
451:government through
256:The effects of the
171:provincial policing
2807:Special constables
2742:Nova Scotia Police
2286:Fredericton Police
2068:Competition Bureau
1569:The Canadian Press
1418:(March 29, 2013).
1363:, pp. 126–127
1299:, pp. 225–226
1248:, pp. 241–242
1236:, pp. 223–224
1209:, pp. 220–221
1197:, pp. 233–235
1029:. 24 January 2020.
897:Florence Lassandro
839:
785:Indian Motorcycles
593:Western alienation
521:economies of scale
501:
429:
352:Liquor Control Act
327:
87:Legal jurisdiction
2925:
2924:
2797:Firearms officers
2210:
2209:
2114:Provincial police
1971:10.7939/R33J3995M
1851:978-1-55220-004-9
1771:Lethbridge Herald
1386:"Original Letter"
893:Emilio Picariello
867:Special Constable
811:.45-75 Winchester
461:Cortlandt Starnes
381:institutionalized
306:Order-in-Councils
293:prairie provinces
274:Lake of the Woods
158:prairie provinces
130:
129:
105:Edmonton Barracks
2985:
2757:
2756:
2492:West Grey Police
2433:
2432:
2424:
2423:
2415:
2414:
2406:
2405:
2203:
2202:
2136:
2135:
2133:Sûreté du Québec
2111:
2110:
2098:Transport Canada
2083:Fishery officers
2027:
2020:
2013:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1974:
1957:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1914:
1902:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1855:
1823:
1816:
1810:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1788:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1762:
1756:
1755:, pp. 74–75
1750:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1725:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1710:
1701:. Archived from
1695:
1686:
1685:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1611:
1605:
1604:
1602:
1600:
1589:
1580:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1539:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1511:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1480:
1471:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1454:
1443:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1425:Edmonton Journal
1412:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1382:
1376:
1370:
1364:
1358:
1352:
1346:
1340:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1306:
1300:
1294:
1288:
1282:
1276:
1270:
1261:
1255:
1249:
1243:
1237:
1231:
1225:
1219:
1210:
1204:
1198:
1192:
1186:
1180:
1174:
1168:
1162:
1156:
1150:
1144:
1138:
1132:
1121:
1115:
1109:
1103:
1097:
1091:
1082:
1076:
1070:
1064:
1058:
1052:
1043:
1042:, pp. 69–70
1037:
1031:
1030:
1023:
1017:
1016:
1014:
1013:
996:
990:
984:
978:
977:
975:
974:
965:. Archived from
962:Edmonton Journal
952:
920:
915:
914:
913:
847:Cardiff, Alberta
824:sub-machineguns
578:
403:Conviction rates
323:Indian Motocycle
179:Great Depression
54:
34:
22:
21:
2993:
2992:
2988:
2987:
2986:
2984:
2983:
2982:
2928:
2927:
2926:
2921:
2885:
2844:
2817:
2811:
2770:
2712:Dominion Police
2690:
2650:
2644:
2598:
2547:
2516:
2218:
2216:
2206:
2145:
2139:
2102:
2036:
2031:
1954:
1932:
1930:
1911:
1885:
1883:
1873:
1852:
1832:
1827:
1826:
1817:
1813:
1803:
1801:
1789:
1785:
1775:
1773:
1763:
1759:
1751:
1747:
1737:
1735:
1727:
1726:
1717:
1708:
1706:
1697:
1696:
1689:
1684:. 11 June 2017.
1674:
1671:Wayback Machine
1664:
1660:
1650:
1648:
1639:
1638:
1634:
1624:
1622:
1613:
1612:
1608:
1598:
1596:
1591:
1590:
1583:
1573:
1571:
1557:
1553:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1529:
1525:
1515:
1513:
1509:
1498:
1494:
1484:
1482:
1479:(Press Release)
1478:
1472:
1468:
1458:
1456:
1452:
1444:
1440:
1430:
1428:
1413:
1409:
1399:
1397:
1384:
1383:
1379:
1371:
1367:
1359:
1355:
1347:
1343:
1333:
1329:
1319:
1317:
1308:
1307:
1303:
1295:
1291:
1283:
1279:
1271:
1264:
1256:
1252:
1244:
1240:
1232:
1228:
1220:
1213:
1205:
1201:
1193:
1189:
1181:
1177:
1169:
1165:
1157:
1153:
1145:
1141:
1133:
1124:
1116:
1112:
1104:
1100:
1092:
1085:
1077:
1073:
1065:
1061:
1053:
1046:
1038:
1034:
1025:
1024:
1020:
1011:
1009:
997:
993:
985:
981:
972:
970:
953:
949:
944:
916:
911:
909:
906:
880:
863:
831:
794:
781:
776:
765:
745:
719:
714:
669:
649:Fair Deal Panel
589:
579:
573:
485:John F. Lymburn
456:Ernest Lapointe
433:Fourth Meridian
421:
409:conviction rate
405:
340:Philip Primrose
315:
309:March 1, 1917.
282:Rocky Mountains
258:First World War
238:Wilfrid Laurier
218:
213:
166:Prohibition law
162:First World War
61:Agency overview
55:
20:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2991:
2981:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2893:
2891:
2887:
2886:
2884:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2852:
2850:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2821:
2819:
2813:
2812:
2810:
2809:
2804:
2802:Peace officers
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2778:
2776:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2698:
2696:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2688:
2678:
2672:
2666:
2660:
2654:
2652:
2646:
2645:
2643:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2606:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2555:
2553:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2524:
2522:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2425:
2416:
2407:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2222:
2220:
2212:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2204:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2149:
2147:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2137:
2128:
2123:
2117:
2115:
2108:
2104:
2103:
2101:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2044:
2042:
2038:
2037:
2030:
2029:
2022:
2015:
2007:
2001:
2000:
1975:
1958:
1952:
1939:
1915:
1909:
1892:
1871:
1856:
1850:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1811:
1783:
1757:
1745:
1733:thememorial.ca
1715:
1687:
1658:
1632:
1606:
1581:
1551:
1523:
1492:
1466:
1438:
1407:
1377:
1365:
1353:
1341:
1327:
1301:
1289:
1277:
1262:
1250:
1238:
1226:
1211:
1199:
1187:
1175:
1163:
1151:
1139:
1122:
1110:
1098:
1083:
1081:, pp. 1–2
1071:
1059:
1044:
1032:
1018:
991:
979:
946:
945:
943:
940:
939:
938:
933:
928:
922:
921:
905:
902:
879:
876:
862:
859:
858:
857:
850:
843:
830:
827:
826:
825:
819:
813:
800:
793:
790:
789:
788:
780:
777:
775:
772:
764:
761:
760:
759:
756:
750:Calgary Police
744:
741:
740:
739:
732:
729:
718:
715:
713:
710:
709:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
681:Superintendent
678:
668:
665:
660:Danielle Smith
605:Stephen Harper
597:Alberta Agenda
588:
585:
577:April 1, 1932.
571:
556:(Bill 42) and
469:United Farmers
449:Mackenzie King
420:
417:
404:
401:
359:remained wet.
335:politicization
314:
311:
217:
214:
212:
209:
128:
127:
124:
120:
119:
115:
114:
111:
107:
106:
103:
99:
98:
94:
93:
88:
84:
83:
79:
78:
75:
71:
70:
67:
63:
62:
58:
57:
48:
44:
43:
40:
36:
35:
27:
26:
18:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2990:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2888:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2853:
2851:
2847:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2814:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2779:
2777:
2773:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2755:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2686:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2647:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2601:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2550:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2519:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2431:
2426:
2422:
2417:
2413:
2408:
2404:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2213:
2201:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2150:
2148:
2142:
2134:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2112:
2109:
2105:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2028:
2023:
2021:
2016:
2014:
2009:
2008:
2005:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1959:
1955:
1949:
1945:
1940:
1933:September 16,
1929:
1925:
1921:
1916:
1912:
1910:9780070773660
1906:
1901:
1900:
1893:
1886:September 15,
1882:
1878:
1874:
1872:9780889830127
1868:
1864:
1863:
1857:
1853:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1834:
1833:
1821:
1815:
1800:
1799:
1794:
1787:
1772:
1768:
1761:
1754:
1749:
1734:
1730:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1705:on 2017-03-28
1704:
1700:
1694:
1692:
1683:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1668:
1662:
1646:
1642:
1636:
1620:
1616:
1610:
1599:September 15,
1594:
1588:
1586:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1555:
1536:
1535:
1527:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1501:Kenney, Jason
1496:
1485:September 16,
1477:
1470:
1459:September 16,
1451:
1450:
1442:
1431:September 16,
1427:
1426:
1421:
1417:
1411:
1400:September 16,
1395:
1391:
1387:
1381:
1375:, p. 178
1374:
1369:
1362:
1357:
1350:
1345:
1338:
1337:
1331:
1315:
1311:
1305:
1298:
1293:
1287:, p. 224
1286:
1281:
1275:, p. 244
1274:
1269:
1267:
1260:, p. 227
1259:
1254:
1247:
1242:
1235:
1230:
1223:
1218:
1216:
1208:
1203:
1196:
1191:
1184:
1179:
1172:
1167:
1160:
1155:
1148:
1143:
1136:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1119:
1114:
1107:
1102:
1095:
1090:
1088:
1080:
1075:
1069:, p. 168
1068:
1063:
1057:, p. 117
1056:
1051:
1049:
1041:
1036:
1028:
1022:
1008:
1007:
1006:National Post
1002:
995:
989:, p. 202
988:
983:
969:on 2012-11-06
968:
964:
963:
958:
951:
947:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
923:
919:
918:Canada portal
908:
901:
898:
894:
890:
885:
875:
872:
868:
855:
851:
848:
844:
841:
840:
835:
823:
820:
817:
814:
812:
808:
804:
801:
799:
796:
795:
787:with sidecars
786:
783:
782:
771:
768:
757:
755:
751:
747:
746:
737:
733:
730:
728:
724:
721:
720:
712:Commissioners
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
673:
672:
664:
661:
657:
652:
650:
646:
642:
638:
633:
631:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
584:
576:
570:
565:
563:
559:
555:
551:
546:
542:
539:
535:
531:
530:New Brunswick
527:
522:
518:
514:
513:R. B. Bennett
510:
506:
497:
493:
490:
486:
482:
479:party leader
478:
474:
470:
465:
462:
457:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
425:
416:
414:
410:
400:
396:
394:
390:
386:
382:
376:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
353:
349:
344:
341:
336:
333:would reduce
332:
324:
319:
310:
307:
303:
302:Robert Borden
299:
298:Arthur Sifton
294:
289:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
254:
251:
247:
244:
239:
235:
234:Confederation
231:
227:
224:(NWMP). King
223:
208:
206:
202:
197:
195:
190:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
125:
121:
116:
112:
110:Sworn members
108:
104:
100:
95:
92:
89:
85:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
59:
53:
52:Fiat justitia
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
28:
23:
2840:Police board
2701:
1987:
1983:
1962:
1943:
1931:. Retrieved
1927:
1923:
1898:
1884:. Retrieved
1861:
1837:
1830:Bibliography
1819:
1814:
1804:17 September
1802:. Retrieved
1796:
1786:
1776:17 September
1774:. Retrieved
1770:
1760:
1748:
1738:15 September
1736:. Retrieved
1732:
1707:. Retrieved
1703:the original
1679:
1667:Ghostarchive
1665:Archived at
1661:
1651:15 September
1649:. Retrieved
1644:
1635:
1625:15 September
1623:. Retrieved
1618:
1609:
1597:. Retrieved
1572:. Retrieved
1564:
1554:
1542:. Retrieved
1533:
1526:
1514:. Retrieved
1505:
1495:
1483:. Retrieved
1469:
1457:. Retrieved
1448:
1441:
1429:. Retrieved
1423:
1416:Klein, Ralph
1410:
1398:. Retrieved
1394:the original
1389:
1380:
1368:
1356:
1351:, p. 90
1344:
1334:
1330:
1320:15 September
1318:. Retrieved
1313:
1304:
1292:
1280:
1253:
1241:
1229:
1224:, p. 77
1202:
1190:
1185:, p. 96
1178:
1173:, p. 72
1166:
1161:, p. 54
1154:
1149:, p. 53
1142:
1137:, p. 74
1120:, p. 52
1113:
1108:, p. 78
1101:
1096:, p. 29
1074:
1067:Horrall 1973
1062:
1055:Horrall 1973
1040:Macleod 1976
1035:
1021:
1010:. Retrieved
1004:
994:
982:
971:. Retrieved
967:the original
960:
950:
881:
864:
769:
766:
676:Commissioner
670:
653:
648:
645:Jason Kenney
634:
590:
581:
575:The Albertan
574:
567:
562:The Albertan
561:
557:
553:
547:
543:
509:Conservative
502:
477:Conservative
466:
430:
406:
397:
384:
377:
371:through the
351:
348:Ford Model T
345:
328:
290:
266:enemy aliens
255:
243:Commissioner
229:
219:
198:
194:Jason Kenney
191:
137:
133:
131:
102:Headquarters
39:Abbreviation
2818:commissions
2816:Boards and
2603:Specialized
2146:enforcement
1990:(1): 1–36.
1565:Global News
1094:Wilson 2016
1079:Wilson 2016
987:Foster 1981
891:bootlegger
809:—issued in
736:World War I
630:Ed Stelmach
609:Ralph Klein
601:open letter
534:Nova Scotia
431:Across the
413:handed over
369:prohibition
365:Whiskey Gap
361:Rum runners
331:Legislature
187:bootleggers
183:rum-runners
177:during the
160:during the
2932:Categories
2107:Provincial
1953:0802053335
1753:Fryer 1977
1709:2017-09-09
1544:October 6,
1516:October 6,
1222:Fryer 1977
1171:Fryer 1977
1159:Fryer 1977
1147:Fryer 1977
1135:Fryer 1977
1118:Fryer 1977
1012:2019-11-10
973:2009-07-19
942:References
816:Lewis guns
779:Land fleet
658:, Premier
643:. Premier
511:Calgarian
226:Edward VII
199:Today the
140:) was the
118:Facilities
2651:oversight
2219:municipal
2215:Regional
2144:Other law
1996:1929-400X
1881:651982480
1798:Maclean's
1297:Moir 1992
1285:Moir 1992
1273:Moir 1992
1258:Moir 1992
1246:Moir 1992
1234:Moir 1992
1207:Moir 1992
1195:Moir 1992
1183:Moir 1992
1106:Moir 1992
889:Blairmore
706:Constable
696:Detective
691:Inspector
391:, cafes,
389:poolrooms
236:in 1905,
74:Dissolved
2775:Staffing
1669:and the
904:See also
701:Sergeant
572:—
526:Manitoba
443:Premier
272:between
146:province
144:for the
123:Barracks
2890:Museums
2695:Defunct
2649:Police
2041:Federal
1699:"Photo"
1681:YouTube
1574:May 23,
884:Coleman
807:carbine
805:saddle
792:Weapons
639:in the
441:Liberal
357:Montana
278:Ontario
250:Calgary
211:History
150:Alberta
91:Alberta
1994:
1950:
1907:
1879:
1869:
1848:
854:Kinuso
536:, and
393:cattle
286:Regina
66:Formed
2849:Lists
1538:(PDF)
1510:(PDF)
1453:(PDF)
667:Ranks
569:fail.
230:Royal
47:Motto
2687:(ON)
2683:and
2677:(NS)
2671:(MB)
2665:(BC)
2217:and
1992:ISSN
1948:ISBN
1935:2020
1928:XXIX
1905:ISBN
1888:2020
1877:OCLC
1867:ISBN
1846:ISBN
1806:2020
1778:2020
1740:2020
1653:2020
1627:2020
1601:2020
1576:2023
1546:2020
1518:2020
1487:2020
1461:2020
1433:2020
1402:2020
1322:2020
822:MP18
617:RCMP
552:the
503:The
185:and
132:The
77:1932
69:1917
1967:doi
276:in
148:of
138:APP
126:105
113:201
42:APP
2934::
1988:25
1986:.
1982:.
1926:.
1922:.
1875:.
1840:.
1795:.
1769:.
1731:.
1718:^
1690:^
1678:.
1673::
1643:.
1617:.
1584:^
1567:.
1563:.
1422:.
1388:.
1312:.
1265:^
1214:^
1125:^
1086:^
1047:^
1003:.
959:.
532:,
528:,
415:.
375:.
2026:e
2019:t
2012:v
1998:.
1973:.
1969::
1956:.
1937:.
1913:.
1890:.
1854:.
1808:.
1780:.
1742:.
1712:.
1655:.
1629:.
1603:.
1578:.
1548:.
1520:.
1489:.
1463:.
1435:.
1404:.
1324:.
1015:.
976:.
856:.
136:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
