Aesop - Knowledge

892:. Paul Zanker describes the figure as a man with "emaciated body and oversized head ... furrowed brow and open mouth", who "listens carefully to the teachings of the fox sitting before him. He has pulled his mantle tightly around his meager body, as if he were shivering ... he is ugly, with long hair, bald head, and unkempt, scraggly beard, and is clearly uncaring of his appearance." Some archaeologists have suggested that the Hellenistic statue of a bearded hunchback with an intellectual appearance, discovered in the 18th century and pictured at the head of this article, also depicts Aesop, although alternative identifications have since been put forward. 896: 423:, concluded that, due to problems of chronological reconciliation dating the death of Aesop and the reign of Croesus, "everything in the ancient testimony about Aesop that pertains to his associations with either Croesus or with any of the so-called Seven Wise Men of Greece must be reckoned as literary fiction." Perry likewise dismissed accounts of Aesop's death in Delphi as mere fictional legends. However, later research has established that a possible diplomatic mission for Croesus and a visit to Periander "are consistent with the year of Aesop's death." Still problematic is the story by Phaedrus, which has Aesop, in Athens, relating the fable of 1073: 846: 814:

learn the business of life. So the Fables, honoured because of Aesop, gather at the doors of the wise man to bind fillets about his head and to crown him with a victor's crown of wild olive. And Aesop, methinks, is weaving some fable; at any rate his smile and his eyes fixed on the ground indicate this. The painter knows that for the composition of fables relaxation of the spirit is needed. And the painting is clever in representing the persons of the Fables. For it combines animals with men to make a chorus about Aesop, composed of the actors in his fables; and the fox is painted as leader of the chorus.

1016: 502: 483:, is granted by the goddess not only speech but a gift for clever storytelling, which he uses alternately to assist and confound his master, Xanthus, embarrassing the philosopher in front of his students and even sleeping with his wife. After interpreting a portent for the people of Samos, Aesop is given his freedom and acts as an emissary between the Samians and King Croesus. Later he travels to the courts of Lycurgus of Babylon and Nectanabo of Egypt – both imaginary rulers – in a section that appears to borrow heavily from the romance of 66: 3403: 979:, who is credited with two portraits of Aesop. "Aesop, poet of the fables" is in the El Escorial gallery and pictures him as an author leaning on a staff by a table which holds copies of his work, one of them a book with the name Hissopo on the cover. The other is in the Museo de Prado, dated 1640–50 and titled "Aesop in beggar's rags." There he is also shown at a table, holding a sheet of paper in his left hand and writing with the other. While the former hints at his lameness and deformed back, the latter only emphasises his poverty. 695:

long after Aesop actually lived. Nevertheless, in 1932 the anthropologist J. H. Driberg, repeating the Aesop/Aethiop linkage, asserted that, while "some say he was a Phrygian ... the more general view ... is that he was an African", and "if Aesop was not an African, he ought to have been;" and in 2002 Richard A. Lobban cited the number of African animals and "artifacts" in the Aesopic fables as "circumstantial evidence" that Aesop was a Nubian folkteller.

7906: 7916: 7926: 3348: 325: 1002:), was first performed in 1701; drawing on a mention in Herodotus 2.134-5 that Aesop had once been owned by the same master as Rhodopis, and the statement in Pliny 36.17 that she was Aesop's concubine as well, the play introduced Rodope as Aesop's mistress, a romantic motif that would be repeated in later popular depictions of Aesop. 813:

The Fables are gathering about Aesop, being fond of him because he devotes himself to them. For ... he checks greed and rebukes insolence and deceit, and in all this some animal is his mouthpiece—a lion or a fox or a horse ... and not even the tortoise is dumb—that through them children may

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The idea that Aesop was Ethiopian seems supported by the presence of camels, elephants and apes in the fables, even though these African elements are more likely to have come from Egypt and Libya than from Ethiopia, and the fables featuring African animals may have entered the body of Aesopic fables

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Aesop's Fables continued to be revised and translated through the ensuing centuries, with the addition of material from other cultures, so that the body of fables known today bears little relation to those Aesop originally told. With a surge in scholarly interest beginning toward the end of the 20th

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in the 4th century, who says that Aesop "was laughed at and made fun of, not because of some of his tales but on account of his looks and the sound of his voice." The evidence from both of these sources is dubious, since Himerius lived some 800 years after Aesop and his image of Aesop may have come

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pictures Rhodope leaning on an urn; she holds out her hand to Aesop, who is seated under a tree and turns his head to look at her. His right arm rests on a cage of doves, as he points to the captive state of both of them. Otherwise, the picture illustrates how different the couple are. Rhodope and

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begins with a vivid description of Aesop's appearance, saying he was "of loathsome aspect ... potbellied, misshapen of head, snub-nosed, swarthy, dwarfish, bandy-legged, short-armed, squint-eyed, liver-lipped—a portentous monstrosity," or as another translation has it, "a faulty creation of

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Early on, the representation of Aesop as an ugly slave emerged. The later tradition which makes Aesop a black African resulted in depictions ranging from 17th-century engravings to a television portrayal by a black comedian. In general, beginning in the 20th century, plays have shown Aesop as a

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became a folkbook, a work that belonged to no one, and the occasional writer felt free to modify as it might suit him." Multiple, sometimes contradictory, versions of this work exist. The earliest known version was probably composed in the 1st century CE, but the story may have circulated in

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was published in London. The story casts the two slaves Rhodope and Aesop as unlikely lovers, one ugly and the other beautiful; ultimately Rhodope is parted from Aesop and marries the Pharaoh of Egypt. Some editions of the volume were illustrated with an engraving of a work by the painter

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repeated the false etymological linkage of "Aesop" with "Aethiop" when he suggested that the "head of a negro" found on several coins from ancient Delphi (with specimens dated as early as 520 BCE) might depict Aesop, presumably to commemorate (and atone for) his execution at Delphi, but

769:(1983), it was radically adapted by the director Mark Dornford-May as a musical using native African instrumentation, dance and stage conventions. Although Aesop is portrayed as Greek, and dressed in the short Greek tunic, the all-black production contextualises the story in the recent 699: 1051:

Aesop lean on opposite elbows, gesture with opposite hands, and while Rhodope's hand is held palm upwards, Aesop's is held palm downwards. She stands while he sits; he is dressed in dark clothes, she in lighter shades. When the theme of their relationship was taken up again by

255:. Although his existence remains unclear and no writings by him survive, numerous tales credited to him were gathered across the centuries and in many languages in a storytelling tradition that continues to this day. Many of the tales associated with him are characterized by 3329: 307:

The name of Aesop is as widely known as any that has come down from Graeco-Roman antiquity it is far from certain whether a historical Aesop ever existed ... in the latter part of the fifth century something like a coherent Aesop legend appears, and

1163:(New York: Avon, 1993), "an ugly, mute slave is delivered from wretchedness by the gods and blessed with a wondrous voice. the tale of a most unlikely adventurer, dispatched to far and perilous realms to battle impossible beasts and terrible magicks." 395:

of Lydia, that he insulted the Delphians, that he was sentenced to death on a trumped-up charge of temple theft, and that he was thrown from a cliff (after which the Delphians suffered pestilence and famine). Before this fatal episode, Aesop met with

3162: 2436: 2363: 2320: 620:, which is essentially fiction; but whether based on fact or not, at some point the idea of an ugly, even deformed Aesop took hold in popular imagination. Scholars have begun to examine why and how this "physiognomic tradition" developed. 2302:

The question is discussed by Lisa Trentin in "What's in a hump? Re-examining the hunchback in the Villa-Albani-Torlonia" in The Cambridge Classical Journal (New Series) December 2009 55 : pp 130–156; available as an academic reprint

926:(under her original name Doricha) was frequently mentioned, according to Athenaeus 13.596. Pliny would later identify Rhodopis as Aesop's lover, a romantic motif that would be repeated in subsequent popular depictions of Aesop. 788:. Even when Europeans were expelled from Japan and Christianity proscribed, this text survived, in part because the figure of Aesop had been assimilated into the culture and depicted in woodcuts as dressed in Japanese costume. 881:, depicted as a hunchback, stood on a pedestal at the entrance. Finished in 1677, the labyrinth was demolished in 1778, but the statue of Aesop survives and can be seen in the vestibule of the Queen's Staircase at Versailles. 1597:: "He also composed a fable, in the style of Aesop, not very artistically, and it begins—Aesop one day did this sage counsel give / To the Corinthian magistrates: not to trust / The cause of virtue to the people's judgment." 1147:(London: Gollancz, 1943) was a plodding fictional biography described in a review of the time as so boring that it makes the fables embedded in it seem "complacent and exasperating." The two others, preferring the fictional 383:; that his slave masters were first a man named Xanthus, and then a man named Iadmon; that he must eventually have been freed, since he argued as an advocate for a wealthy Samian; and that he met his end in the city of 773:. The former slave, we are told "learns that liberty comes with responsibility as he journeys to his own freedom, joined by the animal characters of his parable-like fables." One might compare with this Brian Seward's 651:

in which it is conjectured that Aesop might have been Ethiopian, given his name. But according to Gert-Jan van Dijk, "Planudes' derivation of 'Aesop' from 'Aethiopian' is ... etymologically incorrect," and

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different versions for centuries before it was committed to writing, and certain elements can be shown to originate in the 4th century BCE. Scholars long dismissed any historical or biographical validity in

1774: 487:. The story ends with Aesop's journey to Delphi, where he angers the citizens by telling insulting fables, is sentenced to death and, after cursing the people of Delphi, is forced to jump to his death. 1347: 1012:, Vanbrugh's play depicted a physically ugly Aesop acting as adviser to Learchus, governor of Cyzicus under King Croesus, and using his fables to solve romantic problems and quiet political unrest. 2359: 2316: 65: 691:

in Paris in 1878, a French critic was dubious: "Why is M. Fontana's Aesop ... black as an Ethiopian? Perhaps M. Fontana knows more about Aesop than we do, which would not be difficult."

298:. Depictions of Aesop in popular culture over the last 2,500 years have included many works of art and his appearance as a character in numerous books, films, plays, and television programs. 1008:'s comedy "Aesop" was premièred at the Theatre Royal in Drury Lane, London, in 1697 and was frequently performed there for the next twenty years. A translation and adaptation of Boursault's 3157: 2442: 2260: 624: 915:

10.432); conversing with Solon, Aesop praises the Athenian practice of adding water to wine. Leslie Kurke suggests that Aesop may have been "a staple of the comic stage" of this era.

2824: 3365: 2589: 2388: 1370: 4879: 4551: 726:, "For both were slaves, and both were black." The traditional role of the slave Aesop as "a kind of culture hero of the oppressed" is further promoted by the fictional 3252:, Westminster. Modern reprint edited by Robert T. Lenaghan (Harvard University Press: Cambridge, 1967). Includes Caxton's Epilogue to the Fables, dated March 26, 1484. 738:

played Aesop. In that mixture of live action and animation, Aesop tells fables that differentiate between realistic and unrealistic ambition and his version there of "

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speaks of "reading" Aesop, but that might simply have been a compilation of fables ascribed to him. Various Classical authors name Aesop as the originator of fables.

479:, Aesop is a slave of Phrygian origin on the island of Samos, and extremely ugly. At first he lacks the power of speech, but after showing kindness to a priestess of 862: 1300: 2304: 730:, emerging "as a how-to handbook for the successful manipulation of superiors." Such a perception was reinforced at the popular level by the 1971 TV production 4943: 1850: 1782: 2958: 4240: 594:

century, some attempt has been made to determine the nature and content of the very earliest fables which may be most closely linked to the historic Aesop.

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Along with the scattered references in the ancient sources regarding the life and death of Aesop, there is a highly fictional biography now commonly called

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There had already been an example of Asian acculturation in 17th-century Japan. There Portuguese missionaries had introduced a translation of the fables (

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was cast as Aesop. In a plot containing "some of the most nonsensical screen doings of the year," he becomes entangled with the intended bride of

5053: 4962: 3015:. Leiden/Boston: Brill Academic Publishers. Includes "Aesop, Between Man and Beast: Ancient Portraits and Illustrations" by François Lissarrague. 2242: 777:

which first played in Singapore with a cast of mixed ethnicities. In it Chinese theatrical routines are merged with those of a standard musical.

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of a German Fables edition of 1479 in letter press, with woodcuts on a reconstructed Gutenberg press and limp binding in leather or parchment

784:, 1593) that included the biography of Aesop. This was then taken up by Japanese printers and taken through several editions under the title 562:), contained in ten books for the use of orators, although that has since been lost. Next appeared an edition in elegiac verse, cited by the 960:

that show him as a dwarfish hunchback, and his facial features appear to accord with his statement in the text (p. 7), "I am a Negro."

412:, whom he had met in Sardis. (Leslie Kurke suggests that Aesop was himself “a popular contender for inclusion" in the list of Seven Sages.) 4537: 7995: 4061: 2585: 2384: 1364: 2869: 2115: 7975: 6653: 2821: 2560: 1828: 941:; when the narrator arrives at the Island of the Blessed, he finds that "Aesop the Phrygian was there, too; he acts as their jester." 933:'s conversation piece "The Banquet of the Seven Sages" in the 1st century CE. The fabulist then makes a cameo appearance in the novel 809:

describes a painting of Aesop surrounded by the animals of his fables. None of these images have survived. According to Philostratus:

4233: 4040: 1590: 290:) who by his cleverness acquires freedom and becomes an adviser to kings and city-states. Older spellings of his name have included 278:

tells an episodic, probably highly fictional version of his life, including the traditional description of him as a strikingly ugly

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Kakos: Badness and Anti-value in Classical Antiquity. Mnemosyne: Supplements. History and Archaeology of Classical Antiquity; 307

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Collections of what are claimed to be Aesop's Fables were transmitted by a series of authors writing in both Greek and Latin.

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With the advent of printing in Europe, various illustrators tried to recreate this scene. One of the earliest was in Spain's

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Popular perception of Aesop as black was to be encouraged by comparison between his fables and the stories of the trickster

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claims that he wrote them down and deposited them in the library of Croesus; Herodotus calls Aesop a "writer of fables" and

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The notion of Aesop's African origin later reappeared in Britain, as attested by the lively figurine of a negro from the

586:(of uncertain date, perhaps the 4th century) translated 42 of the fables into Latin elegiacs. The 4th-century grammarian 1805: 7960: 6663: 6353: 6046: 5980: 4670: 4636: 3903: 3521: 1564: 1170:(Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1931). Its unlikely plot made it the perfect vehicle for the 1946 Hollywood spectacular, 3292:. Leiden/Boston: Brill Academic Publishers. Includes "Ugliness and Value in the Life of Aesop" by Jeremy B. Lefkowitz. 1538: 6051: 6026: 4788: 3878: 3781: 3601: 206: 172: 4218: 7860: 6609: 6036: 6031: 4716: 2966: 4662: 3370: 6503: 6363: 6358: 5635: 4390: 4006: 3681: 3454: 1395: 975:, a satirical philosopher equally of slave-origin. A similar philosophers series was painted by fellow Spaniard 7980: 7887: 6528: 5942: 5039: 4450: 4382: 3691: 2191: 2010: 3169:. London: printed for H. Hills jun. for Francis Barlow. Includes Philipott's English translation of Planudes' 3076:

Lexington: University of Kentucky Press. English translation of the first Spanish edition of Aesop from 1489,

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includes 10,000 books and thousands of fable-related images and objects under the heading "Aesop's Artifacts"

3047:. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press. Includes Hägg's "A Professor and his Slave: Conventions and Values in 2340:

Attribution of these lines to Aesop is conjectural; see the reference and footnote in Kurke 2010, p 356.

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and has been performed in many countries, including a videotaped production in China in 2000 under the title

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mentioned above in which the fabulist points out three of his characters to the children seated about him.

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radio show broadcast (1949), where the drama "The Death of Aesop" portrayed him as an Ethiopian. In 1971,

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by Charles Landseer (1799–1879) depicts a writer in a household setting, handsome and wearing an earring.

1099:(1879) depicts the diminutive fabulist seated on a high pedestal, surrounded by an enraptured crowd. When 6910: 6518: 6394: 6056: 6010: 5965: 5741: 5430: 4249: 3979: 3954: 3893: 3888: 3801: 3766: 3751: 3696: 3481: 2732: 285: 7449: 2088: 1211:("The Fox and the Grapes" 1953), marked Aesop's entry into Brazilian theatre. The three-act play was by 7571: 7444: 6577: 6572: 6548: 6458: 5975: 5073: 4813: 4499: 4468: 3858: 3726: 3566: 3511: 3257:"The Trial of the Satirist: Poetic Vitae (Aesop, Archilochus, Homer) as Background for Plato's Apology" 3022:

Cambridge University Press. Includes "Aesop and the Contestation of Delphic Authority" by Leslie Kurke.

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also rendered at least one of Aesop's fables in Latin verse, of which the last two lines still exist.

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The Aesop Romance (The Book of Xanthus the Philosopher and Aesop His Slave or The Career of Aesop)

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edition of 1476, many translations of the fables into European languages, which also incorporated

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Vita Aesopi: Ueberlieferung, Sprach und Edition einer fruehbyzantinischen Fassung des Aesopromans

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Vita Aesopi: Ueberlieferung, Sprach und Edition einer fruehbyzantinischen Fassung des Aesopromans

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Aesopic Conversations: Popular Tradition, Cultural Dialogue, and the Invention of Greek Prose.

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François Lissarrague, "Aesop, Between Man and Beast: Ancient Portraits and Illustrations", in

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when half-asleep." The earliest text by a known author that refers to Aesop's appearance is

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suggested that Aesop was the person depicted on a Greek red-figure cup, c. 450 BCE, in the

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says that Planudes' account is "worthless as to the reliability of Aesop as 'Ethiopian.'"

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Aesop without Morals: The Famous Fables, and a Life of Aesop, Newly Translated and Edited

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West, M. L., 1984. "The Ascription of Fables to Aesop in Archaic and Classical Greece",

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including original woodcut illustrations; the Life of Aesop is a version from Planudes.

1880: 1227:. The play is described as an allegory about freedom with Aesop as the main character. 1188:, and makes such a hash of it that he has to be rescued by the gods. The 1953 teleplay 1021: 1015: 923: 907:

Aesop began to appear early in literary works. The 4th-century-BCE Athenian playwright

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Man and the Word: The Orations of Himerius." Berkeley: University of California Press.

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wrote a narrative poem entitled "Aesopia" (now lost), in which Aesop's fellow slave

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Ancient sources mention two statues of Aesop, one by Aristodemus and another by

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The Taill of how this forsaid Tod maid his Confessioun to Freir Wolf Waitskaith

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In 1876 the Italian painter Roberto Fontana portrayed the fabulist as black in

574:, rendered the fables into Latin in the 1st century CE. At about the same time 215: 3278: 3013:

Not the Classical Ideal: Athens and the Construction of the Other in Greek Art

2946: 2068:"Fables and Imitations: Kirishitan literature in the forest of simple letters" 2047: 1491:

Not the Classical Ideal: Athens and the Construction of the Other in Greek Art

472:; widespread study of the work began only toward the end of the 20th century. 7944: 7877: 7794: 7769: 7459: 7381: 7063: 7006: 6905: 6895: 6865: 6847: 6721: 5873: 5655: 5547: 5503: 5465: 5304: 5225: 4476: 4351: 3756: 3394: 3355: 3320: 2169:

Imago Veritatis. La circulación de la imagen simbólica entre fábula y emblema

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Scattered details of Aesop's life can be found in ancient sources, including

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The Cultures Within Ancient Greek Culture: Contact, Conflict, Collaboration.

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later dealt with Aesop and Rhodopis at the court of King Croesus in Sardis.

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painted a portrait of Aesop, dated 1639–40 and now in the collection of the

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put Aesop on the stage in his comedy "Aesop", of which a few lines survive (

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The Cultures Within Ancient Greek Culture: Contact, Conflict, Collaboration

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Ainoi, Logoi, Mythoi: Fables in Archaic, Classical, and Hellenistic Greek.

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Ainoi, Logoi, Mythoi: Fables in Archaic, Classical, and Hellenistic Greek

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From Aesop to Esopo to Isopo: Adapting the Fables in Late Medieval Japan

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Image presumed to depict Aesop and fox, Greek red-figure cup c. 450 BCE.

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Over 600 fables in English, with Latin and Greek texts also; searchable

3270:. New York and London: Thomas Yoseloff. Includes Daly's translation of 1241: 1177: 1091:, two other 19th-century paintings show Aesop surrounded by listeners. 866: 861:

Perhaps the most elaborate celebration of Aesop and his fables was the

735: 715: 608: 4205: 3256: 3216:(Vandœuvres–Genève: Fondation Hardt, Entretiens XXX), pp. 105–36. 3127:

Antikenkranz zum fünften Berliner Winckelmannsfest: Delphi und Melaine

1846:

Antikenkranz zum fünften Berliner Winckelmannsfest: Delphi und Melaine

742:" illustrates how to take advantage of an opponent's over-confidence. 623: 348:. A number of later writers from the Roman imperial period (including 74:

statue thought to depict Aesop; original in the Art Collection of the

7626: 7552: 7537: 7507: 7502: 7434: 7358: 7343: 7328: 7271: 7171: 6823: 6755: 6327: 6307: 6277: 6272: 6267: 6232: 6227: 6197: 6144: 6104: 5883: 5749: 5703: 5683: 5314: 5185: 4618: 3923: 1627:

Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association

912: 885: 870: 762: 644: 636: 530: 526: 397: 391:

tells us that Aesop came to Delphi on a diplomatic mission from King

376: 345: 337: 267: 263: 1476:

Leslie Kurke, "Aesop and the Contestation of Delphic Authority", in

663:

which appeared in its Aesop series in the mid-18th century. In 1856

7676: 7666: 7656: 7631: 7409: 7376: 7338: 7281: 7196: 7181: 7038: 7028: 6945: 6940: 6337: 6332: 6292: 6287: 6262: 6242: 6169: 6124: 6114: 5970: 5868: 5803: 5731: 5339: 3414: 3342: 2215: 1638: 972: 949: 930: 802: 702:

Aesop shown in Japanese dress in a 1659 edition of the fables from

640: 612: 571: 538: 431:, which occurred decades after the presumed date of Aesop's death. 388: 271: 245:, said to have lived c. 620–564 BCE, and credited with a number of 7429: 3338: 2426:

Lucian, Verae Historiae (A True Story) 2.18 (Reardon translation).

1139:

The 20th century saw the publication of three novels about Aesop.

541:, while in prison, turned some of the fables into verse, of which 7819: 7809: 7754: 7749: 7734: 7724: 7709: 7704: 7591: 7479: 7469: 7348: 7323: 7318: 7291: 7286: 7266: 7256: 7246: 7211: 7201: 7191: 7143: 7133: 7108: 7073: 7068: 7043: 6696: 6478: 6139: 6129: 5888: 5858: 5848: 5843: 5823: 5818: 5698: 5645: 5354: 5344: 5334: 5329: 5319: 5031: 4109: 4104: 3045:

Parthenope: Selected Studies in Ancient Greek Fiction (1969–2004)

1035: 745:

On other continents Aesop has occasionally undergone a degree of

583: 575: 401: 392: 353: 7764: 7078: 3228:

The Mask of Socrates: The Image of the Intellectual in Antiquity

2910: 854:

slave, but not ugly, while movies and television shows (such as

7789: 7719: 7699: 7661: 7527: 7333: 7226: 7163: 7153: 7098: 6716: 6701: 6297: 6282: 6257: 6252: 6237: 5898: 5893: 5660: 5640: 5384: 5374: 5369: 5240: 5200: 5190: 5175: 4033: 3374: 1983:""Backstage with 'Aesop's Fables' Director Mark Dornford-May", 938: 828:

Les images ou tableaux de platte peinture des deux Philostrates

698: 628: 546: 484: 384: 361: 235: 108: 97: 3282: 2651:

A catalogue raisonné of the engraved works of William Woollett

1625:

Perry, Ben E. "Demetrius of Phalerum and the Aesopic Fables",

1061:, it is the difference in their ages that is most emphasised. 830:(1637). In England, there was Francis Cleyn's frontispiece to 545:

records a small fragment. The early Roman playwright and poet

155: 7799: 7774: 7671: 7611: 7596: 7464: 7424: 7176: 7088: 7083: 7053: 7048: 7023: 6706: 6247: 6154: 5726: 5678: 5379: 5349: 5296: 5271: 5210: 5180: 3193:

Blacks in Antiquity: Ethiopians in the Greco-Roman Experience

2700:, University of Nebraska Press, 2019, p. 137 and note p. 140. 1762:

Blacks in Antiquity: Ethiopians in the Greco-Roman Experience

1554: 703: 635:

A much later tradition depicts Aesop as a black African from

557: 409: 380: 369: 352:, who adapted the fables into Latin) say that he was born in 309: 283: 246: 225: 219: 129: 118: 49: 1717:

Himerius, Orations 46.4, translated by Robert J. Penella in

1192:

takes up another theme of his fictional history. Written by

7804: 7779: 7729: 7216: 7206: 3298:

Studies in the text history of the life and fables of Aesop

2171:, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Studia Aurea 5 (2007), 563: 480: 328:

A woodcut of Aesop surrounded by events from his life from

189: 3388: 3159:

Aesop's Fables with His Life: in English, French and Latin

2995:(three volumes). Leiden/Boston: Brill Academic Publishers. 2800:

Aesop also appears as a character in Hellnan's 1935 novel

1734:; Lefkowitz, "Ugliness and Value in the Life of Aesop" in 954:

Aesop's Fables with His Life: in English, French and Latin

427:, because Phaedrus has this happening during the reign of 324: 195: 161: 1526:, ed. D.L. Ashliman, New York 2005, pp. xiii–xv, xxv–xxvi 1055:, in the two dialogues between the pair in his series of 556:

made what may have been the earliest, probably in prose (

3432: 2865:

Encyclopedia of Latin American Theater, Greenwood 2003,

1857:; an illustration of the coin in question follows p. 16. 765:, South Africa. Based on a script by British playwright 676:, founder of Delphi, a view which was repeated later by 455:

The Book of Xanthus the Philosopher and Aesop His Slave

4944:

The Country Mouse and the City Mouse: A Christmas Tale

3006:

Brill's New Pauly: Encyclopaedia of the Ancient World.

598:

Physical appearance and the question of African origin

2615:. London : Printed for J. Rivington ... . 1776. 2218:"Versailles on Paper–Past and Present: The Labyrinth" 1302:

Brill's New Pauly: Encyclopaedia of the Ancient World

1230:

Occasions on which Aesop was played as black include

1089:

Aesop Narrates His Fables to the Handmaids of Xanthus

1026:, engraving by Bartolozzi, 1782, after a painting by 685:

Aesop Narrates His Fables to the Handmaids of Xanthus

643:, a Byzantine scholar of the 13th century who made a 340:, indicate that Aesop was born around 620 BCE in the 207: 192: 173: 158: 4989:

The Taill of the Uponlandis Mous and the Burges Mous

4069:

The Taill of the Uponlandis Mous and the Burges Mous

3288:

Sluiter, Ineke and Rosen, Ralph M. (editors), 2008.

3135:

Aesop as an Archetypal Hero. Studies and Research 39

3119:

Historical Dictionary of Ancient and Medieval Nubia.

1736:

Kakos: Badness and Anti-value in Classical Antiquity

1251:. He was also played by Mhlekahi Mosiea in the 2010 822:(1489, see above). In France there was I. Baudoin's 722:(1914), for example, the fabulist is bracketed with 590:

also made a collection of Aesop's Fables, now lost.

198: 164: 3301:. Haverford (PA), American Philological Association 3180:Berkeley: University of California Press. Includes 3106:Lobban, Richard A., Jr., 2002. "Was Aesop a Nubian 3018:Dougherty, Carol and Leslie Kurke (editors), 2003. 2462:There is a note on another from this series on the 1929:. Edinburgh: William Blackwood and Sons. p. 3. 186: 152: 3279:"Life of Aesop: The Wise Fool and the Philosopher" 3137:. Athens: Hellenic Society for Humanistic Studies. 3036:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Includes 1922: 1493:, ed. Beth Cohen (hereafter, Lissarrague), p. 133. 2839: 1962:"Playwrights and Their Stage Works: Peter Terson" 873:with 39 fountains with lead sculptures depicting 858:) have depicted him as neither ugly nor a slave. 7942: 3029:, vol. 148 #5425, June 18, 1932, pp. 857–8. 2669:, volume 1, London: J. M. Dent & Co., 1891, 5267: 4963:The Country Mouse and the City Mouse Adventures 3198:Temple, Robert and Olivia (translators), 1998. 3093:Numismata Hellenica: A Catalogue of Greek Coins 1824:Numismata Hellenica: A Catalogue of Greek Coins 3429:, German edition with many woodcuts from 1531. 3184:by Heliodorus, translated by J.R. Morgan, and 3078:La vida del Ysopet con sus fabulas historiadas 3072:Keller, John E., and Keating, L. Clark, 1993. 1480:, ed. Carol Dougherty and Leslie Kurke, p. 77. 1111:wrote to a correspondent: "Julian Story has a 820:La vida del Ysopet con sus fabulas historiadas 639:. The first known promulgator of the idea was 631:thought by one antiquarian to represent Aesop. 330:La vida del Ysopet con sus fabulas historiadas 5047: 4873: 4678: 4545: 4398: 4234: 3448: 3034:Anthology of Ancient Greek Popular Literature 2698:The Complete Letters of Henry James: Volume 2 2410:"Plutarch • The Dinner of the Seven Wise Men" 1697:Anthology of Ancient Greek Popular Literature 1222: 1216: 2959:"AESOP'S FABLES opens at the Fugard Theatre" 1775:"The Fitzwilliam Museum : The Art Fund" 838:and the much later frontispiece to Godwin's 714:told by African slaves in North America. In 4062:The Taill of Schir Chanticleir and the Foxe 3230:. Berkeley: University of California Press. 2780:"The Fabulist by John Vornholt – FictionDB" 2241:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 1514:1:257; West, p. 121; Hägg, p. 47. 30:"Esop" redirects here. For other uses, see 5933: 5054: 5040: 4880: 4866: 4685: 4671: 4552: 4538: 4405: 4391: 4241: 4227: 3455: 3441: 3401: 1954: 1719:Man and the Word: The Orations of Himerius 1586:Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers 64: 4041:The Morall Fabillis of Esope the Phrygian 3285:(online journal), issue 9, March 1, 2009. 3209:Leiden/Boston: Brill Academic Publishers. 3008:Leiden/Boston: Brill Academic Publishers. 2531: 2441:. Magic.lib.msu.edu. 1687. Archived from 2216:Photos taken in 2014 by Volker Schröder. 404:, where Plutarch has him dining with the 4757:The Story of The Tortoise & the Hare 3364:) is being considered for deletion. See 2991:Adrado, Francisco Rodriguez, 1999–2003. 2688:, Paris: Charpentier et Fasquelle, 1893. 1730:See Lissarrage; Papademetriou; Compton, 1166:The other novel was George S. Hellman's 1071: 1048:The Beautiful Rhodope in Love with Aesop 1014: 894: 844: 697: 622: 500: 323: 4644:Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory 4210: 3000:The Legendary Life and Fables of Aesop. 2563:. Old.perseus.tufts.edu. Archived from 2072:Bulletin of Portuguese Japanese Studies 929:Aesop plays a fairly prominent part in 517:Aesop may not have written his fables. 419:, an Aesop scholar and compiler of the 14: 7943: 6987: 4600:Assia and the Hen with the Golden Eggs 3195:. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 3188:by Lucian, translated by B.P. Reardon. 2653:, The Fine Art Society (London 1885), 2167:Antonio Bernat Vistarini, Tamás Sajó: 1244:starred as Aesop in the TV production 1134: 672:supposed the head to be a portrait of 379:we are told that Aesop was a slave in 336:The earliest Greek sources, including 7844: 6986: 6415: 5919: 5266: 5086: 5035: 4861: 4666: 4533: 4386: 4222: 4209: 3436: 3173:with illustrations by Francis Barlow. 3074:Aesop's Fables, with a Life of Aesop. 3060:Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2004.09.39 1458:Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2004.09.39 796: 687:. When the painting was shown at the 627:Example of a coin image from ancient 7455:Illicitanus Limin/Portus Illicitanus 5087: 4936:The Town Mouse and the Country Mouse 4889:The Town Mouse and the Country Mouse 3156:Philipott, Tho. (translator), 1687. 3153:Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 2046:There are short excerpts on YouTube 1747:Gert-Jan van Dijk, "Aesop" entry in 566:, but the author's name is unknown. 434: 4561:The Goose that Laid the Golden Eggs 3965:Out of the frying pan into the fire 3855:(also known as The Mice in Council) 3667:The Goose that Laid the Golden Eggs 3507:The Astrologer who Fell into a Well 234:) is an almost certainly legendary 24: 7996:People whose existence is disputed 6416: 5061: 4637:The Librarian: Quest for the Spear 3904:The miller, his son and the donkey 3522:The Bird-catcher and the Blackbird 3235: 3121:Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. 3067:The Ancient Fable: An Introduction 2640:(hereafter Loveridge), pp. 166–68. 1749:The Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece 1695:, translated by Lloyd W. Daly, in 1669:The Ancient Fable: An Introduction 1418:Perry, Ben Edwin. Introduction to 1034:In 1780, the anonymously authored 274:. An ancient literary work called 25: 8012: 7976:Ancient Greek slaves and freedmen 3879:The drowned woman and her husband 3782:The Travellers and the Plane Tree 3602:The Fisherman and the Little Fish 3368:to help reach a consensus. › 3305: 3261:The American Journal of Philology 3245:. London: Printed for E.M Diemer. 3243:The History and Amours of Rhodope 3054:Hansen, William, 2004. Review of 2993:History of the Graeco-Latin Fable 2888:. RichardDurham.com. 1949-02-13. 1677:History of the Graeco-Latin Fable 1388:On the Delays of Divine Vengeance 1255:adaptation of British playwright 1151:to any approach to veracity, are 1039:The History and Amours of Rhodope 7924: 7914: 7905: 7904: 3346: 3032:Hansen, William (editor), 1998. 2790:from the original on 2014-07-27. 2768:from the original on 2014-08-17. 1667:1:258–9; West; Niklas Holzberg, 994:) premiered in Paris. A sequel, 826:(1631) and Matthieu Guillemot's 182: 148: 7925: 4651:Pâté de Foie Gras (short story) 3682:The Horse that Lost its Liberty 3250:The history and fables of Aesop 3178:Collected Ancient Greek Novels. 3176:Reardon, B. P. (editor), 1989. 3117:Lobban, Richard A., Jr., 2004. 3025:Driberg, J. H., 1932. "Aesop", 2951: 2939: 2928: 2917:from the original on 2010-03-09 2903: 2892:from the original on 2011-07-15 2878: 2859: 2848:from the original on 2012-02-29 2833: 2811: 2794: 2772: 2750: 2725: 2703: 2691: 2676: 2659: 2643: 2630: 2619:from the original on 2012-11-07 2603: 2592:from the original on 2012-10-04 2578: 2553: 2542:from the original on 2016-12-29 2525: 2514:from the original on 2012-03-18 2500: 2489:from the original on 2012-03-18 2475: 2456: 2429: 2420: 2402: 2391:from the original on 2012-10-04 2377: 2366:from the original on 2012-10-05 2352: 2343: 2334: 2323:from the original on 2012-10-05 2309: 2296: 2283: 2274: 2263:from the original on 2012-03-14 2249: 2209: 2198:from the original on 2013-05-11 2184: 2161: 2150:from the original on 2012-08-23 2136: 2124: 2101: 2077: 2060: 2040: 2029:from the original on 2012-01-30 2015: 2000: 1975: 1942: 1933: 1916: 1907: 1898: 1891:Robert Temple, Introduction to 1885: 1869: 1860: 1837: 1815: 1796: 1767: 1754: 1741: 1724: 1711: 1702: 1686: 1658: 1632: 1619: 1600: 1574: 1548: 1529: 1517: 1505: 1496: 1483: 1470: 1446: 1437: 1425: 1184:, a Persian princess played by 775:Aesop's Fabulous Fables (2009), 753:'s 2010 production of the play 4308:The Grasshopper & the Ants 3692:The Lion, the Bear and the Fox 3221:Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece 3191:Snowden, Jr., Frank M., 1970. 3040:, translated by Lloyd W. Daly. 3004:Cancik, Hubert, et al., 2002. 2109:Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece 1866:Snowden, pp. 150–51 and 307-8. 1812:web page, accessed 11-12-2010. 1708:Papademetriou, pp. 14–15. 1412: 1403: 1380: 1357: 1334: 1325: 1312: 1294: 1285: 425:the frogs who asked for a king 408:and sitting beside his friend 13: 1: 5526: 5513: 5494: 5477: 4982:The Tale of Johnny Town-Mouse 3827:The Young Man and the Swallow 3547:The Cock, the Dog and the Fox 3527:The Bird in Borrowed Feathers 3353: 3133:Papademetriou, J. Th., 1997. 3114:, 9:1 (2002), pp. 11–31. 3103:. Cambridge University Press. 3090:Leake, William Martin, 1856. 2984: 2685:Ésope; comédie en trois actes 2362:. Digicoll.library.wisc.edu. 2319:. Digicoll.library.wisc.edu. 1699:, ed. William Hansen, p. 111. 1629:, Vol. 93, 1962, pp. 287–346. 1331:Maximus of Tyre, Oration 36.1 1123:'s danger—that of seeing the 791: 578:turned the fables into Greek 7966:6th-century BC Greek writers 6654:Funeral and burial practices 5839:Military of Mycenaean Greece 4273:The Grasshopper and the Ants 4014:The Grasshopper and the Ants 3899:The Hawk and the Nightingale 3822:The Woodcutter and the Trees 3777:Town Mouse and Country Mouse 3742:The Old Woman and the Doctor 3657:The Frogs Who Desired a King 3312:Works by Aesop in eBook form 3011:Cohen, Beth (editor), 2000. 2733:"Aesop Composing His Fables" 2107:van Dijk, Geert. "Aesop" in 1764:(hereafter Snowden), p. 264. 937:by the 2nd-century satirist 511:Aesop's Fables with His Life 505:Aesop (left) as depicted by 226: 7: 7971:7th-century BC Greek people 4814:The Tortoise & the Hare 4250:The Ant and the Grasshopper 3955:The labyrinth of Versailles 3894:The Gourd and the Palm-tree 3802:Washing the Ethiopian White 3767:The Snake in the Thorn Bush 3752:The Satyr and the Traveller 3697:The Man with Two Mistresses 3482:The Ant and the Grasshopper 3345:(public domain audiobooks) 3101:A History of Augustan Fable 3087:Princeton University Press. 3051:", first published in 1997. 2671:"Aesop and Rhodopè" pp.7–28 2638:A History of Augustan Fable 2360:"Digicoll.library.wisc.edu" 2317:"Digicoll.library.wisc.edu" 2025:. Doollee.com. 2002-11-15. 1939:Kurke 2010, pp. 11–12. 1923:Colvin, Ian Duncan (1914). 1877:Voyage au pays des peintres 1681:Francisco Rodríguez Adrados 1291:West, pp. 106 and 119. 1266: 1217: 982:In 1690, French playwright 884:In 1843, the archaeologist 490: 10: 8017: 6578:Greek Revival architecture 5920: 4500:The Pig Who Cried Werewolf 3859:The Blind Man and the Lame 3727:The North Wind and the Sun 3567:The Dog and Its Reflection 3512:The Bear and the Travelers 3502:The Ass in the Lion's Skin 3205:van Dijk, Gert-Jan, 1997. 3202:. New York: Penguin Books. 3200:Aesop: The Complete Fables 3140:Penella, Robert J., 2007. 2074:, Lisbon, 2002, pp. 13–17. 1987:(Cape Town), June 7, 2010" 1893:Aesop: The Complete Fables 1751:, ed. Nigel Wilson, p. 18. 1456:by Grammatiki A. Karla in 1452:William Hansen, review of 1392:Banquet of the Seven Sages 1129:Aesop Composing His Fables 956:included 31 engravings by 558: 494: 284: 249:now collectively known as 220: 132:now collectively known as 50: 29: 7961:6th-century BC executions 7900: 7851: 7845: 7840: 7685: 7562: 7551: 7478: 7400: 7357: 7304: 7162: 7014: 7005: 7001: 6982: 6931: 6846: 6784: 6746: 6739: 6689: 6649: 6640: 6562: 6439: 6435: 6411: 6377: 6346: 6188: 6075: 6019: 5986:Attalid kings of Pergamon 5941: 5932: 5928: 5915: 5794:Antigonid Macedonian army 5767: 5740: 5712: 5669: 5626: 5617: 5459: 5398: 5295: 5291: 5262: 5161: 5110: 5106: 5082: 5069: 4998: 4973: 4954: 4903: 4838:The Tortoise and the Hare 4824: 4805: 4775: 4717:The Tortoise and the Hare 4708: 4694:The Tortoise and the Hare 4628: 4610: 4575: 4510: 4460: 4428: 4361: 4343: 4318: 4299: 4264: 4216: 4087: 4023: 3996: 3975:The milkmaid and her pail 3932: 3924:The Shepherd and the Lion 3919:The Scorpion and the Frog 3848:The Bear and the Gardener 3835: 3787:The Trees and the Bramble 3772:The Tortoise and the Hare 3747:The Rose and the Amaranth 3632:The Fox and the Sick Lion 3517:The Belly and the Members 3497:The Ass Carrying an Image 3470: 3462: 3382:Online resources for the 3112:Northeast African Studies 1675:by Gert-Jan van Dijk and 1248:The Tortoise and the Hare 1223: 1115:clever & big Subject— 918:The 3rd-century-BCE poet 840:Fables Ancient and Modern 740:The Tortoise and the Hare 661:Chelsea porcelain factory 602:The anonymously authored 529:, in a poem addressed to 124: 114: 104: 91: 83: 63: 45: 27:Ancient Greek storyteller 3980:Wolf in sheep's clothing 3864:The Boy and the Filberts 3807:The Weasel and Aphrodite 3722:The Mouse and the Oyster 3677:The Horse and the Donkey 3607:The Fowler and the Snake 3592:The Farmer and the Viper 3587:The Farmer and the Stork 3562:The Deer without a Heart 3552:The Crow and the Pitcher 3415:Carlson Fable Collection 3366:templates for discussion 3295:Perry, Ben Edwin, 1936. 3124:Panofka, Theodor, 1849. 3065:Holzberg, Niklas, 2002. 3058:by Grammatiki A. Karla. 2532:Boursault, Edme (1788). 2349:Kurke 2010, p. 356. 1964:. 4-wall.com. 1932-02-24 1879:, Paris: Baschet, 1878, 1409:Kurke 2010, p. 135. 1278: 1127:of things." Conversely, 879:Pierre Le Gros the Elder 533:, made reference to the 368:called him "the sage of 364:," and the later writer 4741:Tortoise Wins by a Hare 4592:The Million Dollar Duck 3914:The Priest and the Wolf 3869:Chanticleer and the Fox 3712:The Moon and her Mother 3647:The Fox and the Woodman 3597:The Fir and the Bramble 3487:The Ass and his Masters 3426:Esopus leben und Fabeln 3330:Works by or about Aesop 3248:Caxton, William, 1484. 3130:. Berlin: J. Guttentag. 3099:Loveridge, Mark, 1998. 2998:Anthony, Mayvis, 2006. 2840:Figueiredo, Guilherme. 2682:Banville, Théodore de. 2667:Imaginary Conversations 2665:Landor, Walter Savage. 2561:"Old.perseus.tufts.edu" 2259:. Kids.britannica.com. 1803:Ancient Coins of Phocis 1760:Frank M. Snowden, Jr., 1176:. A dashing (not ugly) 1107:was exhibited in 1884, 1058:Imaginary Conversations 877:. A statue of Aesop by 863:labyrinth of Versailles 824:Fables d'Ésope Phrygien 771:history of South Africa 509:in the 1687 edition of 356:. The 3rd-century poet 301: 230:; formerly rendered as 6020:Artists & scholars 5935:List of ancient Greeks 5572:Second Athenian League 5421:Greco-Bactrian Kingdom 5246:Ancient Greek colonies 4846:Who Could Win a Rabbit 4492:Muppet Classic Theater 4414:The Boy Who Cried Wolf 3909:The Monkey and the Cat 3843:An ass eating thistles 3812:The Wolf and the Crane 3762:The Snake and the Crab 3717:The Mountain in Labour 3707:The Miser and his Gold 3687:The Lion and the Mouse 3642:The Fox and the Weasel 3617:The Fox and the Grapes 3557:The Crow and the Snake 3542:The Cock and the Jewel 3532:The Boy Who Cried Wolf 3266:Daly, Lloyd W., 1961. 3223:. New York: Routledge. 3096:. London: John Murray. 2963:portobellopictures.com 1821:William Martin Leake, 1738:ed. Sluiter and Rosen. 1671:, pp. 12–13; see also 1273:List of Aesop's Fables 1196:, it was broadcast on 1097:Aesop Tells His Fables 1093:Johann Michael Wittmer 1084: 1081:Aesop Tells His Fables 1077:Johann Michael Wittmer 1031: 904: 850: 816: 707: 689:Exposition Universelle 632: 535:North Wind and the Sun 514: 333: 322: 318:Martin Litchfield West 36:Aesop (disambiguation) 7981:Ancient Greek writers 7139:Sybaris on the Traeis 5864:Sacred Band of Thebes 5604:(c. 300 BC–c. 300 AD) 5118:Cycladic civilization 4920:Sniffles Takes a Trip 4725:Toby Tortoise Returns 4095:Demetrius of Phalerum 4048:The Cock and the Jasp 3970:Still waters run deep 3874:The Dog in the Manger 3817:The Wolf and the Lamb 3737:The Old Man and Death 3672:The Honest Woodcutter 3662:The Goat and the Vine 3637:The Fox and the Stork 3582:The Eagle and the Fox 3255:Compton, Todd, 1990. 3219:Wilson, Nigel, 2006. 3151:Babrius and Phaedrus. 3083:Kurke, Leslie, 2010. 2913:. RichardDurham.com. 2911:"Destination Freedom" 2762:The Spectator Archive 2588:. Perseus.tufts.edu. 2414:penelope.uchicago.edu 2387:. Perseus.tufts.edu. 2257:"Kids.britannica.com" 2192:"British Museum site" 2087:, 2009. See abstract 1322:2 (Loeb fragment 192) 1198:Hallmark Hall of Fame 1087:Along with Fontana's 1075: 1018: 899:Portrait of Aesop by 898: 848: 811: 749:. This is evident in 701: 626: 554:Demetrius of Phalerum 504: 460:The Alexander Romance 406:Seven Sages of Greece 360:called him "Aesop of 327: 312:seems to be its home. 305: 32:ESOP (disambiguation) 6664:mythological figures 6385:Ancient Greek tribes 5510:Peloponnesian League 5014:Lischen et Fritzchen 4145:Laurentius Abstemius 4078:La Fontaine's Fables 3884:The Elm and the Vine 3732:The Oak and the Reed 3627:The Fox and the Mask 3622:The Fox and the Lion 3612:The Fox and the Crow 3577:The Dove and the Ant 3572:The Dog and the Wolf 3537:The Cat and the Mice 3419:Creighton University 3226:Zanker, Paul, 1995. 3149:(translator), 1965. 2886:"The Death of Aesop" 2291:The Mask of Socrates 1502:Lissarrague, p. 113. 1420:Babrius and Phaedrus 1213:Guilherme Figueiredo 1117:Aesop telling fables 1101:Julian Russell Story 1063:Théodore de Banville 1053:Walter Savage Landor 920:Poseidippus of Pella 665:William Martin Leake 95:564 BCE (aged c. 56) 6776:Tunnel of Eupalinos 6771:Theatre of Dionysus 6395:Ancient Macedonians 6011:Tyrants of Syracuse 5523:Amphictyonic League 5123:Minoan civilization 4733:Tortoise Beats Hare 4469:Three Little Wolves 4211:Associated subjects 4175:Jean de La Fontaine 4125:Adémar de Chabannes 4007:Aesop's Film Fables 3889:The Fox and the Cat 3702:The Mischievous Dog 3652:The Frog and the Ox 3492:The Ass and the Pig 3043:Hägg, Tomas, 2004. 2820:, McFarland, 2007, 2586:"Perseus.tufts.edu" 2508:"Fineart-china.com" 2483:"Lessing-photo.com" 2280:Lissarrague, p.137. 2083:Marceau, Lawrence. 1732:Victim of the Muses 1237:Destination Freedom 1135:20th century genres 946:Heinrich Steinhowel 944:Beginning with the 856:The Bullwinkle Show 836:The Fables of Aesop 718:'s introduction to 445:(also known as the 259:animal characters. 7450:Menestheus's Limin 7104:Pandosia (Lucania) 6992:Greek colonisation 6354:Athenian statesmen 6115:Diogenes of Sinope 5976:Kings of Macedonia 5966:Kings of Commagene 5834:Macedonian phalanx 5814:Hellenistic armies 5562:(c. 424–c. 395 BC) 5426:Indo-Greek Kingdom 5148:Hellenistic Greece 4928:Mouse in Manhattan 4912:The Country Cousin 4437:Boy Who Cried Wolf 4281:Porky's Bear Facts 4115:Dositheus Magister 3283:Journey to the Sea 3182:An Ethiopian Story 3165:2022-04-03 at the 2872:2016-12-30 at the 2827:2016-12-30 at the 2719:2018-01-07 at the 2535:Books.google.co.uk 2469:2012-10-26 at the 2178:2011-02-22 at the 2118:2016-12-29 at the 2111:, New York, 2006, 2094:2012-03-22 at the 2053:2016-12-01 at the 1853:2016-12-29 at the 1831:2014-02-02 at the 1808:2010-08-28 at the 1651:2014-02-02 at the 1593:2010-03-02 at the 1567:2010-01-23 at the 1541:2010-12-12 at the 1463:2010-05-05 at the 1422:, pp. xxxviii–xlv. 1373:2012-05-21 at the 1350:2011-05-24 at the 1209:A raposa e as uvas 1085: 1032: 1024:in Love with Aesop 1010:Les fables d'Esope 988:Les fables d'Esope 905: 851: 797:Art and literature 708: 633: 588:Dositheus Magister 515: 334: 70:Plaster cast of a 7938: 7937: 7896: 7895: 7836: 7835: 7832: 7831: 7828: 7827: 7402:Iberian Peninsula 7334:Lipara/Meligounis 7300: 7299: 6978: 6977: 6974: 6973: 6951:Cypriot syllabary 6842: 6841: 6751:Athenian Treasury 6735: 6734: 6407: 6406: 6403: 6402: 5996:Ptolemaic dynasty 5956:Archons of Athens 5911: 5910: 5907: 5906: 5782:Athenian military 5763: 5762: 5596:League of Corinth 5578:Thessalian League 5554:Chalcidian League 5536:Acarnanian League 5446:Ptolemaic Kingdom 5258: 5257: 5254: 5253: 5029: 5028: 5023: 5022: 4855: 4854: 4796:Hare and Tortoise 4660: 4659: 4527: 4526: 4380: 4379: 4203: 4202: 3325:Project Gutenberg 3272:The Aesop Romance 3241:Anonymous, 1780. 3049:The Life of Aesop 2842:"Hu li yu pu tao" 2818:Universal Horrors 2802:Persian Conqueror 2714:Blouin art sales. 2438:Magic.lib.msu.edu 2066:Elisonas, J.S.A. 1989:. Timeslive.co.za 1948:Complete film at 1926:Aesop in Politics 1843:Theodor Panofka, 1693:The Aesop Romance 1581:Diogenes Laërtius 1246:Aesop's Fables – 1190:Aesop and Rhodope 1173:Night in Paradise 1168:Peacock's Feather 1044:Angelica Kauffman 1028:Angelica Kauffman 1006:Sir John Vanbrugh 751:Isango Portobello 720:Aesop in Politics 649:The Aesop Romance 618:The Aesop Romance 543:Diogenes Laërtius 519:The Aesop Romance 477:The Aesop Romance 470:The Aesop Romance 465:The Aesop Romance 451:The Life of Aesop 443:The Aesop Romance 436:The Aesop Romance 375:By Aristotle and 276:The Aesop Romance 141: 140: 16:(Redirected from 8008: 7928: 7927: 7918: 7908: 7907: 7842: 7841: 7560: 7559: 7059:Heraclea Lucania 7012: 7011: 7003: 7002: 6984: 6983: 6744: 6743: 6676:Twelve Olympians 6647: 6646: 6437: 6436: 6413: 6412: 6001:Seleucid dynasty 5981:Kings of Paionia 5930: 5929: 5917: 5916: 5787:Scythian archers 5694:Graphe paranomon 5624: 5623: 5531: 5528: 5518: 5515: 5499: 5496: 5486: 5482: 5479: 5293: 5292: 5264: 5263: 5143:Classical Greece 5128:Mycenaean Greece 5108: 5107: 5084: 5083: 5056: 5049: 5042: 5033: 5032: 4882: 4875: 4868: 4859: 4858: 4687: 4680: 4673: 4664: 4663: 4554: 4547: 4540: 4531: 4530: 4485:Marge Gets a Job 4407: 4400: 4393: 4384: 4383: 4334:The Grasshoppers 4243: 4236: 4229: 4220: 4219: 4207: 4206: 4185:Nicolas Trigault 4160:Hieronymus Osius 4150:Roger L'Estrange 4120:Alexander Neckam 3457: 3450: 3443: 3434: 3433: 3405: 3350: 3349: 3334:Internet Archive 3147:Perry, Ben Edwin 3110:(Folkteller)?", 2978: 2977: 2975: 2974: 2965:. 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6431: 6430: 6399: 6390:Thracian Greeks 6373: 6364:Olympic victors 6342: 6184: 6071: 6015: 6006:Kings of Sparta 5991:Kings of Pontus 5961:Kings of Athens 5937: 5924: 5903: 5799:Army of Macedon 5759: 5736: 5708: 5665: 5613: 5586:(370–c. 230 BC) 5584:Arcadian League 5568:(c. 400–188 BC) 5566:Aetolian League 5560:Boeotian League 5542:Hellenic League 5529: 5516: 5506:(c. 650–404 BC) 5497: 5491:Italiote League 5484: 5480: 5474:Doric Hexapolis 5464: 5455: 5451:Seleucid Empire 5394: 5287: 5286: 5250: 5157: 5133:Greek Dark Ages 5102: 5101: 5078: 5065: 5060: 5030: 5025: 5024: 5019: 4994: 4969: 4950: 4899: 4886: 4856: 4851: 4820: 4801: 4789:Jazz Jackrabbit 4783:Jazz Jackrabbit 4771: 4765:Unstable Fables 4704: 4691: 4661: 4656: 4624: 4606: 4571: 4558: 4528: 4523: 4506: 4456: 4424: 4411: 4381: 4376: 4357: 4339: 4314: 4295: 4260: 4247: 4212: 4204: 4199: 4170:Robert Henryson 4165:Marie de France 4155:Gabriele Faerno 4140:Kawanabe Kyōsai 4130:Odo of Cheriton 4083: 4025: 4019: 3998: 3992: 3928: 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5696: 5691: 5686: 5681: 5675: 5673: 5667: 5666: 5664: 5663: 5658: 5653: 5648: 5643: 5638: 5633: 5627: 5621: 5615: 5614: 5612: 5611: 5608:Achaean League 5605: 5602:Euboean League 5599: 5593: 5590:Epirote League 5587: 5581: 5575: 5569: 5563: 5557: 5551: 5545: 5539: 5538:(c. 500–31 BC) 5533: 5520: 5507: 5501: 5488: 5470: 5468: 5466:Confederations 5457: 5456: 5454: 5453: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5433: 5428: 5423: 5418: 5413: 5408: 5402: 5400: 5396: 5395: 5393: 5392: 5390:Lissus (Crete) 5387: 5382: 5377: 5372: 5367: 5362: 5357: 5352: 5347: 5342: 5337: 5332: 5327: 5322: 5317: 5312: 5307: 5301: 5299: 5289: 5288: 5285: 5284: 5279: 5274: 5268: 5260: 5259: 5256: 5255: 5252: 5251: 5249: 5248: 5243: 5238: 5233: 5228: 5223: 5218: 5213: 5208: 5203: 5198: 5193: 5188: 5183: 5178: 5173: 5167: 5165: 5159: 5158: 5156: 5155: 5150: 5145: 5140: 5138:Archaic Greece 5135: 5130: 5125: 5120: 5114: 5112: 5104: 5103: 5100: 5099: 5094: 5088: 5080: 5079: 5077: 5076: 5070: 5067: 5066: 5063:Ancient Greece 5059: 5058: 5051: 5044: 5036: 5027: 5026: 5021: 5020: 5018: 5017: 5010: 5002: 5000: 4996: 4995: 4993: 4992: 4985: 4977: 4975: 4971: 4970: 4968: 4967: 4958: 4956: 4952: 4951: 4949: 4948: 4940: 4932: 4924: 4916: 4907: 4905: 4901: 4900: 4893:Aesop's Fables 4885: 4884: 4877: 4870: 4862: 4853: 4852: 4850: 4849: 4842: 4834: 4828: 4826: 4822: 4821: 4819: 4818: 4809: 4807: 4803: 4802: 4800: 4799: 4792: 4785: 4779: 4777: 4773: 4772: 4770: 4769: 4761: 4753: 4749:Rabbit Transit 4745: 4737: 4729: 4721: 4712: 4710: 4706: 4705: 4698:Aesop's Fables 4690: 4689: 4682: 4675: 4667: 4658: 4657: 4655: 4654: 4647: 4640: 4632: 4630: 4626: 4625: 4623: 4622: 4614: 4612: 4608: 4607: 4605: 4604: 4596: 4588: 4579: 4577: 4573: 4572: 4565:Aesop's Fables 4557: 4556: 4549: 4542: 4534: 4525: 4524: 4522: 4521: 4514: 4512: 4508: 4507: 4505: 4504: 4496: 4488: 4481: 4473: 4464: 4462: 4458: 4457: 4455: 4454: 4447: 4440: 4432: 4430: 4426: 4425: 4418:Aesop's Fables 4410: 4409: 4402: 4395: 4387: 4378: 4377: 4375: 4374: 4373:(Shostakovich) 4370:Symphony No. 1 4365: 4363: 4359: 4358: 4356: 4355: 4347: 4345: 4341: 4340: 4338: 4337: 4330: 4322: 4320: 4316: 4315: 4313: 4312: 4303: 4301: 4297: 4296: 4294: 4293: 4285: 4277: 4268: 4266: 4262: 4261: 4254:Aesop's Fables 4246: 4245: 4238: 4231: 4223: 4217: 4214: 4213: 4201: 4200: 4198: 4197: 4192: 4187: 4182: 4177: 4172: 4167: 4162: 4157: 4152: 4147: 4142: 4137: 4132: 4127: 4122: 4117: 4112: 4107: 4102: 4097: 4091: 4089: 4085: 4084: 4082: 4081: 4074: 4073: 4072: 4065: 4058: 4051: 4037: 4029: 4027: 4021: 4020: 4018: 4017: 4010: 4002: 4000: 3994: 3993: 3991: 3990: 3986:Aesop's Fables 3982: 3977: 3972: 3967: 3962: 3957: 3952: 3947: 3942: 3936: 3934: 3930: 3929: 3927: 3926: 3921: 3916: 3911: 3906: 3901: 3896: 3891: 3886: 3881: 3876: 3871: 3866: 3861: 3856: 3850: 3845: 3839: 3837: 3833: 3832: 3830: 3829: 3824: 3819: 3814: 3809: 3804: 3799: 3794: 3789: 3784: 3779: 3774: 3769: 3764: 3759: 3754: 3749: 3744: 3739: 3734: 3729: 3724: 3719: 3714: 3709: 3704: 3699: 3694: 3689: 3684: 3679: 3674: 3669: 3664: 3659: 3654: 3649: 3644: 3639: 3634: 3629: 3624: 3619: 3614: 3609: 3604: 3599: 3594: 3589: 3584: 3579: 3574: 3569: 3564: 3559: 3554: 3549: 3544: 3539: 3534: 3529: 3524: 3519: 3514: 3509: 3504: 3499: 3494: 3489: 3484: 3478: 3476: 3468: 3467: 3460: 3459: 3452: 3445: 3437: 3431: 3430: 3422: 3412: 3406: 3395:Works by Aesop 3392: 3386: 3377: 3351: 3339:Works by Aesop 3336: 3327: 3321:Works by Aesop 3318: 3307: 3306:External links 3304: 3303: 3302: 3293: 3286: 3277:Gibbs, Laura. 3275: 3264: 3253: 3246: 3237: 3234: 3232: 3231: 3224: 3217: 3210: 3203: 3196: 3189: 3174: 3154: 3144: 3138: 3131: 3122: 3115: 3104: 3097: 3088: 3081: 3070: 3063: 3052: 3041: 3030: 3023: 3016: 3009: 3002: 2996: 2988: 2986: 2983: 2980: 2979: 2950: 2938: 2927: 2902: 2877: 2858: 2832: 2810: 2793: 2771: 2749: 2724: 2710:Aesop's Fables 2702: 2690: 2675: 2658: 2649:Louise Fagan, 2642: 2629: 2602: 2577: 2552: 2524: 2499: 2474: 2464:Christies site 2455: 2428: 2419: 2401: 2376: 2351: 2342: 2333: 2308: 2295: 2282: 2273: 2248: 2222:princeton.edu/ 2208: 2183: 2160: 2135: 2123: 2100: 2076: 2059: 2039: 2014: 1999: 1974: 1953: 1950:Black Junction 1941: 1932: 1915: 1906: 1904:Driberg, 1932. 1897: 1884: 1875:Proth, Mario. 1868: 1859: 1836: 1814: 1795: 1766: 1753: 1740: 1723: 1710: 1701: 1685: 1657: 1631: 1618: 1599: 1573: 1547: 1528: 1524:Aesop's Fables 1516: 1504: 1495: 1482: 1469: 1445: 1436: 1424: 1411: 1402: 1379: 1356: 1333: 1324: 1311: 1293: 1283: 1282: 1280: 1277: 1276: 1275: 1268: 1265: 1261:Aesop's Fables 1232:Richard Durham 1207:The three-act 1202:Lamont Johnson 1136: 1133: 1105:Aesop's Fables 1020:The Beautiful 984:Edmé Boursault 958:Francis Barlow 875:Aesop's fables 798: 795: 793: 790: 759:Fugard Theatre 755:Aesop's Fables 732:Aesop's Fables 599: 596: 507:Francis Barlow 497:Aesop's Fables 495:Main article: 492: 489: 438: 433: 332:(Spain, 1489). 314: 303: 300: 252:Aesop's Fables 139: 138: 135:Aesop's Fables 126: 122: 121: 116: 112: 111: 106: 102: 101: 93: 89: 88: 85: 81: 80: 69: 61: 60: 46: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8013: 8002: 7999: 7997: 7994: 7992: 7989: 7987: 7984: 7982: 7979: 7977: 7974: 7972: 7969: 7967: 7964: 7962: 7959: 7957: 7956:564 BC deaths 7954: 7952: 7949: 7948: 7946: 7931: 7923: 7921: 7917: 7913: 7911: 7903: 7902: 7899: 7889: 7886: 7884: 7881: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7869: 7866: 7862: 7859: 7858: 7857: 7854: 7853: 7850: 7843: 7839: 7821: 7818: 7816: 7813: 7811: 7808: 7806: 7803: 7801: 7798: 7796: 7793: 7791: 7788: 7786: 7783: 7781: 7778: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7768: 7766: 7763: 7761: 7758: 7756: 7753: 7751: 7748: 7746: 7743: 7741: 7738: 7736: 7733: 7731: 7728: 7726: 7723: 7721: 7718: 7716: 7713: 7711: 7708: 7706: 7703: 7701: 7698: 7696: 7693: 7692: 7690: 7684: 7678: 7675: 7673: 7670: 7668: 7665: 7663: 7660: 7658: 7655: 7653: 7650: 7648: 7645: 7643: 7640: 7638: 7635: 7633: 7630: 7628: 7625: 7623: 7620: 7618: 7615: 7613: 7610: 7608: 7605: 7603: 7600: 7598: 7595: 7593: 7590: 7588: 7585: 7583: 7580: 7578: 7575: 7573: 7570: 7569: 7567: 7561: 7558: 7554: 7550: 7544: 7541: 7539: 7536: 7534: 7531: 7529: 7526: 7524: 7521: 7519: 7516: 7514: 7511: 7509: 7506: 7504: 7501: 7499: 7496: 7494: 7491: 7489: 7486: 7485: 7483: 7481: 7477: 7471: 7468: 7466: 7463: 7461: 7458: 7456: 7453: 7451: 7448: 7446: 7443: 7441: 7438: 7436: 7433: 7431: 7430:Hemeroscopion 7428: 7426: 7423: 7421: 7418: 7416: 7413: 7411: 7408: 7407: 7405: 7403: 7399: 7393: 7390: 7387: 7383: 7380: 7378: 7375: 7373: 7370: 7368: 7365: 7364: 7362: 7360: 7356: 7350: 7347: 7345: 7342: 7340: 7337: 7335: 7332: 7330: 7327: 7325: 7322: 7320: 7317: 7315: 7312: 7311: 7309: 7307: 7303: 7293: 7290: 7288: 7285: 7283: 7280: 7278: 7275: 7273: 7270: 7268: 7265: 7263: 7260: 7258: 7255: 7253: 7250: 7248: 7245: 7243: 7240: 7238: 7235: 7233: 7230: 7228: 7225: 7223: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7208: 7205: 7203: 7200: 7198: 7195: 7193: 7190: 7188: 7185: 7183: 7180: 7178: 7175: 7173: 7170: 7169: 7167: 7165: 7161: 7155: 7152: 7150: 7147: 7145: 7142: 7140: 7137: 7135: 7132: 7130: 7127: 7125: 7122: 7120: 7117: 7115: 7112: 7110: 7107: 7105: 7102: 7100: 7097: 7095: 7092: 7090: 7087: 7085: 7082: 7080: 7077: 7075: 7072: 7070: 7067: 7065: 7062: 7060: 7057: 7055: 7052: 7050: 7047: 7045: 7042: 7040: 7037: 7035: 7032: 7030: 7027: 7025: 7022: 7021: 7019: 7013: 7010: 7008: 7007:Magna Graecia 7004: 7000: 6993: 6990: 6989: 6985: 6981: 6967: 6964: 6962: 6959: 6957: 6954: 6952: 6949: 6947: 6944: 6942: 6939: 6938: 6936: 6934: 6930: 6924: 6921: 6917: 6914: 6912: 6909: 6907: 6904: 6902: 6899: 6897: 6894: 6892: 6889: 6887: 6884: 6882: 6881:Arcadocypriot 6879: 6877: 6874: 6873: 6872: 6869: 6867: 6864: 6862: 6859: 6857: 6854: 6853: 6851: 6849: 6845: 6835: 6834:Zeus, Olympia 6832: 6830: 6827: 6825: 6822: 6820: 6819:Hera, Olympia 6817: 6815: 6812: 6810: 6807: 6805: 6802: 6800: 6797: 6795: 6792: 6791: 6789: 6787: 6783: 6777: 6774: 6772: 6769: 6767: 6764: 6762: 6759: 6757: 6754: 6752: 6749: 6748: 6745: 6742: 6738: 6728: 6725: 6723: 6722:Mount Olympus 6720: 6718: 6715: 6713: 6710: 6708: 6705: 6703: 6700: 6698: 6695: 6694: 6692: 6690:Sacred places 6688: 6682: 6679: 6677: 6674: 6672: 6669: 6665: 6662: 6661: 6660: 6657: 6655: 6652: 6651: 6648: 6645: 6643: 6639: 6633: 6630: 6628: 6625: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6611: 6608: 6607: 6606: 6603: 6601: 6598: 6596: 6593: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6583: 6579: 6576: 6575: 6574: 6571: 6570: 6568: 6565: 6561: 6555: 6552: 6550: 6547: 6545: 6542: 6540: 6537: 6535: 6532: 6530: 6527: 6525: 6522: 6520: 6517: 6515: 6514:Olympic Games 6512: 6510: 6507: 6505: 6504:Homosexuality 6502: 6500: 6497: 6495: 6492: 6490: 6487: 6485: 6482: 6480: 6477: 6475: 6472: 6470: 6467: 6465: 6462: 6460: 6457: 6455: 6452: 6450: 6447: 6446: 6444: 6442: 6438: 6434: 6427: 6424: 6422: 6419: 6418: 6414: 6410: 6396: 6393: 6391: 6388: 6386: 6383: 6382: 6380: 6376: 6370: 6367: 6365: 6362: 6360: 6357: 6355: 6352: 6351: 6349: 6345: 6339: 6336: 6334: 6331: 6329: 6326: 6324: 6321: 6319: 6316: 6314: 6311: 6309: 6306: 6304: 6301: 6299: 6296: 6294: 6291: 6289: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6264: 6261: 6259: 6256: 6254: 6251: 6249: 6246: 6244: 6241: 6239: 6236: 6234: 6231: 6229: 6226: 6224: 6221: 6219: 6216: 6214: 6211: 6209: 6206: 6204: 6201: 6199: 6196: 6195: 6193: 6191: 6187: 6181: 6178: 6176: 6173: 6171: 6168: 6166: 6163: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6151: 6148: 6146: 6143: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6128: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6088: 6086: 6083: 6082: 6080: 6078: 6074: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6060: 6058: 6055: 6053: 6050: 6048: 6045: 6043: 6040: 6038: 6035: 6033: 6030: 6028: 6025: 6024: 6022: 6018: 6012: 6009: 6007: 6004: 6002: 5999: 5997: 5994: 5992: 5989: 5987: 5984: 5982: 5979: 5977: 5974: 5972: 5969: 5967: 5964: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5954: 5952: 5949: 5948: 5946: 5944: 5940: 5936: 5931: 5927: 5923: 5918: 5914: 5900: 5897: 5895: 5892: 5890: 5887: 5885: 5882: 5880: 5877: 5875: 5874:Seleucid army 5872: 5870: 5867: 5865: 5862: 5860: 5857: 5855: 5852: 5850: 5847: 5845: 5842: 5840: 5837: 5835: 5832: 5830: 5827: 5825: 5822: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5800: 5797: 5795: 5792: 5788: 5785: 5784: 5783: 5780: 5778: 5775: 5774: 5772: 5770: 5766: 5756: 5753: 5751: 5748: 5747: 5745: 5743: 5739: 5733: 5730: 5728: 5725: 5723: 5720: 5719: 5717: 5715: 5711: 5705: 5702: 5700: 5697: 5695: 5692: 5690: 5687: 5685: 5682: 5680: 5677: 5676: 5674: 5672: 5668: 5662: 5659: 5657: 5654: 5652: 5649: 5647: 5644: 5642: 5639: 5637: 5634: 5632: 5629: 5628: 5625: 5622: 5620: 5616: 5609: 5606: 5603: 5600: 5597: 5594: 5591: 5588: 5585: 5582: 5579: 5576: 5573: 5570: 5567: 5564: 5561: 5558: 5555: 5552: 5549: 5548:Delian League 5546: 5543: 5540: 5537: 5534: 5524: 5521: 5511: 5508: 5505: 5504:Ionian League 5502: 5492: 5489: 5485: 560 BC 5475: 5472: 5471: 5469: 5467: 5462: 5458: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5437: 5434: 5432: 5429: 5427: 5424: 5422: 5419: 5417: 5414: 5412: 5409: 5407: 5404: 5403: 5401: 5397: 5391: 5388: 5386: 5383: 5381: 5378: 5376: 5373: 5371: 5368: 5366: 5363: 5361: 5358: 5356: 5353: 5351: 5348: 5346: 5343: 5341: 5338: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5328: 5326: 5323: 5321: 5318: 5316: 5313: 5311: 5308: 5306: 5303: 5302: 5300: 5298: 5294: 5290: 5283: 5280: 5278: 5275: 5273: 5270: 5269: 5265: 5261: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5227: 5226:Magna Graecia 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5177: 5174: 5172: 5169: 5168: 5166: 5164: 5160: 5154: 5151: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5141: 5139: 5136: 5134: 5131: 5129: 5126: 5124: 5121: 5119: 5116: 5115: 5113: 5109: 5105: 5098: 5095: 5093: 5090: 5089: 5085: 5081: 5075: 5072: 5071: 5068: 5064: 5057: 5052: 5050: 5045: 5043: 5038: 5037: 5034: 5016: 5015: 5011: 5009: 5008: 5004: 5003: 5001: 4997: 4991: 4990: 4986: 4984: 4983: 4979: 4978: 4976: 4972: 4965: 4964: 4960: 4959: 4957: 4953: 4946: 4945: 4941: 4938: 4937: 4933: 4930: 4929: 4925: 4922: 4921: 4917: 4914: 4913: 4909: 4908: 4906: 4902: 4898: 4894: 4890: 4883: 4878: 4876: 4871: 4869: 4864: 4863: 4860: 4847: 4843: 4841: 4839: 4835: 4833: 4830: 4829: 4827: 4823: 4816: 4815: 4811: 4810: 4808: 4804: 4798: 4797: 4793: 4791: 4790: 4786: 4784: 4781: 4780: 4778: 4774: 4767: 4766: 4762: 4759: 4758: 4754: 4751: 4750: 4746: 4743: 4742: 4738: 4735: 4734: 4730: 4727: 4726: 4722: 4719: 4718: 4714: 4713: 4711: 4707: 4703: 4699: 4695: 4688: 4683: 4681: 4676: 4674: 4669: 4668: 4665: 4653: 4652: 4648: 4646: 4645: 4641: 4639: 4638: 4634: 4633: 4631: 4627: 4620: 4616: 4615: 4613: 4609: 4602: 4601: 4597: 4594: 4593: 4589: 4586: 4585: 4581: 4580: 4578: 4574: 4570: 4566: 4562: 4555: 4550: 4548: 4543: 4541: 4536: 4535: 4532: 4519: 4516: 4515: 4513: 4509: 4502: 4501: 4497: 4494: 4493: 4489: 4486: 4482: 4479: 4478: 4477:Westward Whoa 4474: 4471: 4470: 4466: 4465: 4463: 4459: 4452: 4448: 4445: 4441: 4438: 4434: 4433: 4431: 4427: 4423: 4419: 4415: 4408: 4403: 4401: 4396: 4394: 4389: 4388: 4385: 4372: 4371: 4367: 4366: 4364: 4360: 4354: 4353: 4352:Warm and Cozy 4349: 4348: 4346: 4342: 4336: 4335: 4331: 4329: 4328: 4324: 4323: 4321: 4317: 4310: 4309: 4305: 4304: 4302: 4298: 4291: 4290: 4286: 4283: 4282: 4278: 4275: 4274: 4270: 4269: 4267: 4263: 4259: 4255: 4251: 4244: 4239: 4237: 4232: 4230: 4225: 4224: 4221: 4215: 4208: 4196: 4193: 4191: 4188: 4186: 4183: 4181: 4178: 4176: 4173: 4171: 4168: 4166: 4163: 4161: 4158: 4156: 4153: 4151: 4148: 4146: 4143: 4141: 4138: 4136: 4133: 4131: 4128: 4126: 4123: 4121: 4118: 4116: 4113: 4111: 4108: 4106: 4103: 4101: 4098: 4096: 4093: 4092: 4090: 4086: 4080: 4079: 4075: 4070: 4066: 4063: 4059: 4056: 4052: 4049: 4045: 4044: 4043: 4042: 4038: 4036: 4035: 4031: 4030: 4028: 4022: 4016: 4015: 4011: 4009: 4008: 4004: 4003: 4001: 3995: 3988: 3987: 3983: 3981: 3978: 3976: 3973: 3971: 3968: 3966: 3963: 3961: 3958: 3956: 3953: 3951: 3948: 3946: 3943: 3941: 3938: 3937: 3935: 3931: 3925: 3922: 3920: 3917: 3915: 3912: 3910: 3907: 3905: 3902: 3900: 3897: 3895: 3892: 3890: 3887: 3885: 3882: 3880: 3877: 3875: 3872: 3870: 3867: 3865: 3862: 3860: 3857: 3854: 3851: 3849: 3846: 3844: 3841: 3840: 3838: 3834: 3828: 3825: 3823: 3820: 3818: 3815: 3813: 3810: 3808: 3805: 3803: 3800: 3798: 3795: 3793: 3790: 3788: 3785: 3783: 3780: 3778: 3775: 3773: 3770: 3768: 3765: 3763: 3760: 3758: 3757:The Sick Kite 3755: 3753: 3750: 3748: 3745: 3743: 3740: 3738: 3735: 3733: 3730: 3728: 3725: 3723: 3720: 3718: 3715: 3713: 3710: 3708: 3705: 3703: 3700: 3698: 3695: 3693: 3690: 3688: 3685: 3683: 3680: 3678: 3675: 3673: 3670: 3668: 3665: 3663: 3660: 3658: 3655: 3653: 3650: 3648: 3645: 3643: 3640: 3638: 3635: 3633: 3630: 3628: 3625: 3623: 3620: 3618: 3615: 3613: 3610: 3608: 3605: 3603: 3600: 3598: 3595: 3593: 3590: 3588: 3585: 3583: 3580: 3578: 3575: 3573: 3570: 3568: 3565: 3563: 3560: 3558: 3555: 3553: 3550: 3548: 3545: 3543: 3540: 3538: 3535: 3533: 3530: 3528: 3525: 3523: 3520: 3518: 3515: 3513: 3510: 3508: 3505: 3503: 3500: 3498: 3495: 3493: 3490: 3488: 3485: 3483: 3480: 3479: 3477: 3475: 3469: 3465: 3458: 3453: 3451: 3446: 3444: 3439: 3438: 3435: 3428: 3427: 3423: 3420: 3416: 3413: 3410: 3407: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3393: 3390: 3387: 3385: 3384:Life of Aesop 3381: 3378: 3376: 3372: 3367: 3363: 3362: 3357: 3352: 3344: 3340: 3337: 3335: 3331: 3328: 3326: 3322: 3319: 3317: 3313: 3310: 3309: 3300: 3299: 3294: 3291: 3287: 3284: 3280: 3276: 3273: 3269: 3265: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3251: 3247: 3244: 3240: 3239: 3229: 3225: 3222: 3218: 3215: 3211: 3208: 3204: 3201: 3197: 3194: 3190: 3187: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3172: 3171:Life of Aesop 3168: 3164: 3161: 3160: 3155: 3152: 3148: 3145: 3143: 3139: 3136: 3132: 3129: 3128: 3123: 3120: 3116: 3113: 3109: 3105: 3102: 3098: 3095: 3094: 3089: 3086: 3082: 3079: 3075: 3071: 3068: 3064: 3061: 3057: 3053: 3050: 3046: 3042: 3039: 3035: 3031: 3028: 3027:The Spectator 3024: 3021: 3017: 3014: 3010: 3007: 3003: 3001: 2997: 2994: 2990: 2989: 2969:on 2014-09-08 2968: 2964: 2960: 2954: 2948: 2945:Available on 2942: 2936: 2931: 2916: 2912: 2906: 2891: 2887: 2881: 2875: 2871: 2868: 2862: 2847: 2844:. youku.com. 2843: 2836: 2830: 2826: 2823: 2819: 2814: 2807: 2803: 2797: 2789: 2785: 2784:fictiondb.com 2781: 2775: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2753: 2738: 2734: 2728: 2722: 2718: 2715: 2711: 2706: 2699: 2694: 2687: 2686: 2679: 2672: 2668: 2662: 2656: 2652: 2646: 2639: 2633: 2618: 2614: 2613: 2606: 2591: 2587: 2581: 2567:on 2012-07-12 2566: 2562: 2556: 2541: 2537: 2536: 2528: 2513: 2509: 2503: 2488: 2484: 2478: 2472: 2468: 2465: 2459: 2445:on 2022-04-03 2444: 2440: 2439: 2432: 2423: 2415: 2411: 2405: 2390: 2386: 2385:"Pliny 36.17" 2380: 2365: 2361: 2355: 2346: 2337: 2322: 2318: 2312: 2306: 2299: 2292: 2289:Paul Zanker, 2286: 2277: 2262: 2258: 2252: 2244: 2238: 2223: 2219: 2212: 2197: 2193: 2187: 2181: 2177: 2174: 2170: 2164: 2149: 2146:. Theoi.com. 2145: 2139: 2132: 2127: 2121: 2117: 2114: 2110: 2104: 2097: 2093: 2090: 2086: 2080: 2073: 2069: 2063: 2056: 2052: 2049: 2043: 2028: 2024: 2023:"Doollee.com" 2018: 2012: 2008: 2003: 1988: 1986: 1978: 1963: 1957: 1951: 1945: 1936: 1928: 1927: 1919: 1913:Lobban, 2002. 1910: 1901: 1895:, pp. xx–xxi. 1894: 1888: 1882: 1878: 1872: 1863: 1856: 1852: 1849: 1847: 1840: 1834: 1830: 1827: 1825: 1818: 1811: 1807: 1804: 1799: 1785:on 2015-04-11 1784: 1780: 1776: 1770: 1763: 1757: 1750: 1744: 1737: 1733: 1727: 1720: 1714: 1705: 1698: 1694: 1689: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1661: 1654: 1650: 1647: 1645: 1640: 1635: 1628: 1622: 1615: 1613: 1608: 1607:Aulus Gellius 1603: 1596: 1592: 1589: 1587: 1582: 1577: 1570: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1556: 1551: 1544: 1540: 1537: 1532: 1525: 1520: 1513: 1508: 1499: 1492: 1486: 1479: 1473: 1466: 1462: 1459: 1455: 1449: 1440: 1433: 1428: 1421: 1415: 1406: 1399: 1398: 1397:Life of Solon 1393: 1389: 1383: 1376: 1372: 1369: 1367: 1360: 1353: 1349: 1346: 1344: 1337: 1328: 1321: 1318:Callimachus. 1315: 1308: 1304: 1303: 1297: 1288: 1284: 1274: 1271: 1270: 1264: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1249: 1243: 1239: 1238: 1233: 1228: 1219: 1214: 1210: 1205: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1174: 1169: 1164: 1162: 1158: 1157:John Vornholt 1154: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1132: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1090: 1082: 1078: 1074: 1070: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1059: 1054: 1049: 1045: 1040: 1037: 1029: 1025: 1023: 1017: 1013: 1011: 1007: 1003: 1001: 997: 993: 989: 985: 980: 978: 974: 970: 966: 963:The Spaniard 961: 959: 955: 951: 947: 942: 940: 936: 932: 927: 925: 921: 916: 914: 910: 903:in the Prado. 902: 897: 893: 891: 887: 882: 880: 876: 872: 868: 864: 859: 857: 847: 843: 841: 837: 833: 829: 825: 821: 815: 810: 808: 804: 789: 787: 783: 778: 776: 772: 768: 764: 760: 756: 752: 748: 747:acculturation 743: 741: 737: 733: 729: 725: 721: 717: 713: 705: 700: 696: 692: 690: 686: 681: 679: 678:Frank Snowden 675: 671: 666: 662: 657: 655: 654:Frank Snowden 650: 646: 642: 638: 630: 625: 621: 619: 614: 610: 605: 604:Aesop Romance 595: 591: 589: 585: 581: 577: 573: 569: 565: 555: 550: 548: 544: 540: 536: 532: 528: 524: 520: 512: 508: 503: 498: 488: 486: 482: 478: 473: 471: 466: 462: 461: 456: 452: 448: 444: 437: 432: 430: 426: 422: 418: 413: 411: 407: 403: 399: 394: 390: 386: 382: 378: 373: 371: 367: 363: 359: 355: 351: 347: 343: 339: 331: 326: 319: 313: 311: 299: 297: 293: 287: 281: 277: 273: 269: 265: 260: 258: 254: 253: 248: 244: 240: 237: 233: 228: 217: 213: 212: 203: 179: 178: 169: 145: 137: 136: 131: 127: 125:Notable works 123: 120: 117: 113: 110: 107: 103: 99: 94: 90: 86: 82: 77: 73: 67: 62: 57: 44: 41: 37: 33: 19: 8001:Storytellers 7725:Dionysopolis 7695:Abonoteichos 7647:Pantikapaion 7237:Hybla Heraea 6573:Architecture 6529:Prostitution 6218:Aristophanes 6202: 6077:Philosophers 6047:Philosophers 5879:Spartan army 5610:(280–146 BC) 5598:(338–322 BC) 5592:(370–168 BC) 5580:(374–196 BC) 5574:(378–355 BC) 5556:(430–348 BC) 5550:(478–404 BC) 5544:(499–449 BC) 5231:Peloponnesus 5153:Roman Greece 5012: 5007:Big Business 5005: 4987: 4980: 4961: 4942: 4934: 4926: 4918: 4910: 4896: 4837: 4832:Cecil Turtle 4812: 4794: 4787: 4763: 4755: 4747: 4739: 4731: 4723: 4715: 4701: 4649: 4642: 4635: 4598: 4590: 4584:Golden Yeggs 4582: 4568: 4518:Big Bad Wolf 4498: 4490: 4475: 4467: 4421: 4368: 4350: 4332: 4325: 4306: 4289:A Bug's Life 4287: 4279: 4271: 4257: 4135:John Lydgate 4076: 4039: 4032: 4012: 4005: 3984: 3960:Lion's share 3945:Panchatantra 3940:Jataka tales 3792:The Two Pots 3463: 3425: 3399:Open Library 3389:Aesopica.net 3383: 3359: 3296: 3289: 3271: 3267: 3260: 3249: 3242: 3227: 3220: 3213: 3206: 3199: 3192: 3186:A True Story 3185: 3181: 3177: 3170: 3158: 3150: 3141: 3134: 3126: 3118: 3111: 3107: 3100: 3092: 3084: 3077: 3073: 3066: 3055: 3048: 3044: 3037: 3033: 3026: 3019: 3012: 3005: 2999: 2992: 2971:. 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6489:Euergetism 6378:By culture 6323:Thucydides 6165:Pythagoras 6160:Protagoras 6150:Parmenides 6135:Heraclitus 6120:Empedocles 6110:Democritus 6095:Anaximenes 6085:Anaxagoras 6037:Historians 5530: 595 5517: 550 5498: 800 5483: – c. 5411:Cappadocia 5216:Ionian Sea 5206:Hellespont 5171:Aegean Sea 4974:Literature 4806:Literature 4300:Literature 3836:Apocryphal 2985:References 2973:2014-09-08 2921:2012-03-22 2896:2012-03-22 2852:2012-03-22 2623:2012-03-22 2596:2012-03-22 2571:2012-03-22 2546:2012-03-22 2518:2012-03-22 2493:2012-03-22 2449:2012-03-22 2395:2012-03-22 2370:2012-03-22 2327:2012-03-22 2267:2012-03-22 2202:2012-07-15 2154:2012-07-15 2033:2012-03-22 2007:Cape Argus 1993:2012-03-22 1968:2012-03-22 1789:2015-04-05 1386:Plutarch. 1242:Bill Cosby 1178:Turhan Bey 998:(Aesop at 867:hedge maze 792:Depictions 736:Bill Cosby 716:Ian Colvin 609:Prometheus 128:Number of 87:c. 620 BCE 7991:Fabulists 7861:in Epirus 7810:Trapezous 7755:Mesambria 7740:Eupatoria 7710:Apollonia 7705:Anchialos 7667:Theodosia 7637:Nymphaion 7627:Myrmekion 7597:Gorgippia 7553:Black Sea 7538:Tragurion 7523:Nymphaion 7508:Epidauros 7503:Epidamnos 7493:Apollonia 7470:Zacynthos 7392:Ptolemais 7386:Apollonia 7359:Cyrenaica 7349:Therassía 7344:Strongyle 7324:Ereikousa 7247:Leontinoi 7187:Apollonia 7064:Hipponion 6861:Mycenaean 6824:Parthenon 6756:Lion Gate 6659:Mythology 6622:Sculpture 6585:Astronomy 6519:Pederasty 6494:Festivals 6479:Education 6359:Lawgivers 6328:Timocreon 6308:Sophocles 6303:Simonides 6278:Philocles 6273:Panyassis 6268:Mimnermus 6233:Herodotus 6228:Euripides 6198:Aeschylus 6145:Leucippus 6105:Aristotle 5884:Strategos 5750:Synedrion 5704:Ostracism 5684:Areopagus 5636:Free city 5431:Macedonia 5315:Byzantion 5221:Macedonia 5186:Cyrenaica 5163:Geography 5097:Geography 4619:The Goose 2822:pp. 531–5 2758:"Fiction" 2737:artuk.org 2089:at p. 277 1779:cam.ac.uk 1721:, p. 250. 1366:Histories 1036:novelette 913:Athenaeus 901:Velázquez 886:Otto Jahn 871:Louis XIV 763:Cape Town 734:in which 645:recension 637:Aethiopia 531:Euripides 527:Sophocles 415:In 1965, 398:Periander 377:Herodotus 346:Mesembria 338:Aristotle 268:Herodotus 264:Aristotle 7910:Category 7888:Theatres 7815:Tripolis 7750:Kerasous 7745:Heraclea 7677:Tyritake 7632:Nikonion 7543:Thronion 7465:Salauris 7420:Emporion 7377:Berenice 7367:Balagrae 7319:Euonymos 7292:Tyndaris 7277:Syracuse 7272:Selinous 7242:Kamarina 7197:Casmenae 7182:Akrillai 7099:Neápolis 7034:Caulonia 7015:Mainland 6946:Linear B 6941:Linear A 6871:Dialects 6848:Language 6642:Religion 6600:Medicine 6534:Religion 6499:Folklore 6484:Emporium 6459:Clothing 6454:Calendar 6338:Xenophon 6333:Tyrtaeus 6318:Theognis 6293:Polybius 6288:Plutarch 6263:Menander 6243:Hipponax 6170:Socrates 6125:Epicurus 5971:Diadochi 5869:Sciritae 5829:Hetairoi 5804:Ballista 5769:Military 5732:Gerousia 5722:Ekklesia 5689:Ecclesia 5671:Athenian 5619:Politics 5532:–279 BC) 5519:–366 BC) 5500:–389 BC) 5436:Pergamon 5406:Bithynia 5399:Kingdoms 5340:Pergamon 5282:Military 5277:Politics 5074:Timeline 4487:" (1992) 4453:" (1987) 4451:Cry Wolf 4446:" (1986) 4444:Cry Wolf 4439:" (1985) 4100:Phaedrus 3356:template 3343:LibriVox 3214:La Fable 3163:Archived 2935:WorldCat 2915:Archived 2890:Archived 2870:Archived 2846:Archived 2825:Archived 2804:, about 2788:Archived 2766:Archived 2717:Archived 2617:Archived 2590:Archived 2540:Archived 2512:Archived 2487:Archived 2467:Archived 2389:Archived 2364:Archived 2321:Archived 2261:Archived 2237:cite web 2196:Archived 2176:Archived 2148:Archived 2116:Archived 2092:Archived 2051:Archived 2027:Archived 1851:Archived 1829:Archived 1826:, p. 45. 1806:Archived 1649:Archived 1644:Epistles 1639:Ausonius 1591:Archived 1565:Archived 1539:Archived 1461:Archived 1371:Archived 1348:Archived 1343:Rhetoric 1309:) 1:256. 1267:See also 1125:ugliness 973:Menippus 950:Planudes 931:Plutarch 924:Rhodopis 803:Lysippus 641:Planudes 613:Himerius 572:Augustus 568:Phaedrus 539:Socrates 491:Fabulist 389:Plutarch 350:Phaedrus 315:— 272:Plutarch 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3358:below ( 3332:at the 3108:Kummaji 2947:YouTube 2742:July 6, 2655:pp.48–9 2227:July 5, 1881:p. 240. 1121:Sargent 1083:, 1879. 1022:Rhodope 757:at the 674:Delphos 584:Avianus 576:Babrius 402:Corinth 393:Croesus 354:Phrygia 292:Esop(e) 227:Aísōpos 221:Αἴσωπος 78:, Rome. 56:Aisōpos 51:Αἴσωπος 18:Aesopic 7920:Portal 7868:People 7856:Cities 7795:Sinope 7780:Rhizos 7770:Phasis 7720:Bathus 7715:Athina 7700:Amisos 7662:Tanais 7657:Pityus 7582:Charax 7533:Pharos 7528:Orikon 7425:Helike 7415:Alonis 7382:Cyrene 7314:Didyme 7227:Himera 7202:Catana 7164:Sicily 7154:Thurii 7149:Terina 7114:Pixous 7069:Hydrus 7044:Croton 6876:Aeolic 6794:Aphaea 6717:Dodona 6702:Delphi 6671:Temple 6347:Others 6298:Sappho 6283:Pindar 6258:Lucian 6253:Ibycus 6238:Hesiod 6175:Thales 5943:Rulers 5922:People 5899:Xyston 5894:Xiphos 5755:Koinon 5661:Tyrant 5651:Stasis 5641:Koinon 5441:Pontus 5416:Epirus 5385:Sparta 5375:Rhodes 5370:Megara 5365:Thebes 5310:Athens 5236:Pontus 5201:Epirus 5191:Cyprus 5176:Aeolis 4947:(1993) 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