446:
its many benefits, the bag-in-can system extends a product's shelf life, is suitable for all-attitude, (360-degree) dispensing, quiet and non-chilling discharge. One key performance difference relative to true aerosol systems is that traditional BoV dispensing pressures, BoVs pressurized solely by pressurized gas) drops as the product is dispensed. This bag-in-can system is used in the packaging of pharmaceutical, industrial, household, pet care and other products that require complete separation between the product and the propellant or require near complete evacuation of thin to viscous formulations.
3005:
364:
62:
497:
49:
442:. The main benefit of this system is that it eliminates gas permeation and assures separation of the product from the propellant, maintaining the purity and integrity of the formulation throughout its consumer lifespan. The piston barrier system also provides a consistent flow rate with minimal product retention.
546:
in their finished products. Where the recall was far reaching, Benzene is considered a trace contaminant in some but not all hydrocarbon propellants. Though rigorous testing at both the propellant manufacturer and the aerosol filling site, unsuitable aerosol propellants can be detected and destroyed
538:
The propellants in aerosol cans are typically combinations of ignitable gases and have been known to cause fires and explosions. However, non-flammable compressed gases such as nitrogen and nitrous oxide have been widely adopted into a number of aerosol systems such as air fresheners and aerosolized
96:
In 1939, American Julian S. Kahn received a patent for a disposable spray can, but the product remained largely undeveloped. Kahn's idea was to mix cream and a propellant from two sources to make whipped cream at home—not a true aerosol in that sense. Moreover, in 1949, he disclaimed his first four
445:
Another type of dispensing system is the bag-in-can (or BOV, bag-on-valve technology) system where the product is separated from the pressurizing agent with a hermetically sealed, multi-layered laminated pouch, which maintains complete formulation integrity so only pure product is dispensed. Among
387:
are also common and are generally used for products that are more expensive or intended to have a more premium appearance, such as personal care products. The valve is crimped to the inside rim of the can, and the design of this component is important in determining the spray rate. The actuator is
143:
In 1948, three companies were granted licenses by the United States government to manufacture aerosol sprays. Two of the three companies, Chase
Products Company and Claire Manufacturing, continue to manufacture aerosol sprays. The "crimp-on valve", used to control the spray in low-pressure aerosol
449:
A later development is the 2K (two component) aerosol spray, with a main component stored in a main chamber, and a second component stored in an accessory container. When an applicator activates the 2K aerosol by breaking the accessory container, the two components mix. The 2K aerosol can is
354:
Liquid aerosol propellant filling machines require additional precautions, such as being mounted externally to the production warehouse in a gas house. Liquid aerosol propellant machines are typically constructed to comply with ATEX Zone II/2G regulations (classification Zone 1).
116:, is the ancestor of many commercial spray products. It was a hand-sized steel can charged with a liquefied gas under 75 pounds of pressure and a product to be expelled as a mist or a foam. A public-service patent was issued on the invention and assigned to the
140:. Goodhue and Sullivan received the first Erik Rotheim Gold Medal from the Federation of European Aerosol Associations on August 28, 1970, in Oslo, Norway in recognition of their early patents and subsequent pioneering work with aerosol sprays.
1151:
44:
mist of liquid particles. It comprises a can or bottle that contains a payload, and a propellant under pressure. When the container's valve is opened, the payload is forced out of a small opening and emerges as an aerosol or mist.
105:
388:
depressed by the user to open the valve; a spring closes the valve again when it is released. The shape and size of the nozzle in the actuator controls the aerosolized particle size and the spread of the aerosol spray.
721:
Sprayboksens far er norsk;Erik
Rotheim fant opp aerosolflasken, sprayboksen, pĂĄ 1920-tallet. I 1927 tok han patent pĂĄ oppfinnelsen. og patentet ble etterhvert solgt til et amerikansk selskap for 100 000 kroner.
785:, filed October 3, 1941, and granted October 5, 1943. Patent No. 2,331,117 (Serial No. 413,474) for an aerosol "dispensing apparatus", filed by Lyle D. Goodhue and William N. Sullivan (including dispenser drawing)
406:
True aerosol sprays release their propellant during use. Some non-propellant alternatives include various spray bottles, squeeze bottles, and Bag on Valve (BoV) or Bag in Can (BiC) compressed gas aerosol systems.
729:
The Father of the
Spraybox is Norwegian;Erik Rotheim invented the aerosol bottle, the spray box, in the 1920s. In 1927, he patented the invention. the patent was eventually sold to a US company for NOK 100,000.
371:" valve, the stem being part of the top actuator. The valve can be preassembled with the valve cup and installed on the can as one piece, prior to pressure-filling. The actuator is added later.
253:(and able to expel the payload), but not dangerously high. As gas escapes, it is immediately replaced by evaporating liquid. Since the propellant exists in liquid form in the can, it should be
120:
for the free use of the people of the United States. Pressurized by liquefied gas, which gave it propellant qualities, the small, portable can enabled soldiers to defend themselves against
1101:
85:, a Norwegian chemical engineer, and a United States patent was granted for the invention in 1931. The patent rights were sold to a United States company for 100,000
529:
or "huffing"). Calling them "canned air" or "cans of compressed air" could mislead the ignorant to think they are harmless; in fact, such misuse has caused deaths.
200:
1260:
884:
1459:
558:
Aerosol products in the
European Union must comply with health and safety regulations as set out in Directive 75/324/EEC. which established the "
1053:
265:, the payload itself acts as the propellant. The propellant in a gas duster can is not "compressed air" as sometimes assumed, but usually a
180:
187:
called for ozone layer research that same year, and, in 1981, authorized a global framework convention on ozone layer protection. In 1985,
2593:
837:
Article "Aerosols and
Insects", by W.N. Sullivan, "The Yearbook of Agriculture - Insects", United States Department of Agriculture, 1952
375:
Modern aerosol spray products have three major parts: the can, the valve and the actuator or button. The can is most commonly lacquered
207:, which regulated the production of CFCs was formally signed. It came into effect in 1989. The U.S. formally phased out CFCs in 1995.
2503:
652:
562:" mark. This marking is required for aerosol products over 50ml. The same marking is also used in the United Kingdom, although the
848:
1387:
1328:"Council Directive 75/324/EEC of 20 May 1975 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to aerosol dispensers"
931:"The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer and the Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer"
66:
1230:
1291:
1165:
1122:
694:
473:
high molecular weight polymer. A 2K aerosol can increase solid contents and deliver high-performance polymer products, such as
874: — Valve Mechanism for Dispensing Gases and Liquids Under Pressure; application September 28, 1949, issued March 17, 1953
3038:
1905:
184:
279:
came into force in 1989, they have been replaced in nearly every country due to the negative effects CFCs have on Earth's
1414:
1341:
2889:
368:
2859:
1707:
809:
768:
347:(HFO) propellants have become more widely adopted in aerosol systems due to their relatively low vapor pressure, low
192:
535:
injuries can be caused by the spraying of aerosol directly onto the skin, in a practice sometimes called "frosting".
2829:
683: — Method and Means for the Atomizing or Distribution of Liquid or Semiliquid Materials, issued April 7, 1931
2563:
2417:
2262:
1213:
909:
108:, who are credited as the inventors of the modern spray can. Their design of a refillable spray can, dubbed the
1268:
1006:
2668:
1209:
3033:
2779:
1732:
888:
176:
1935:
77:
The concepts of aerosol probably go as far back as 1790. The first aerosol spray can patent was granted in
2824:
2708:
1940:
1722:
1327:
542:
In later 2021 and through 2022, a large number of consumer aerosols were recalled due to the presence of
17:
2467:
351:(GWP), and nonflammability. Manual pump sprays can be used as an alternative to a stored propellant.
2922:
2884:
2814:
2804:
1742:
1602:
1529:
1444:
246:
1309:
233:), or the amount of payload in the can would be small, and rapidly deplete. Usually, the gas is the
216:
2809:
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2277:
1697:
1667:
1557:
348:
117:
3028:
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2382:
2242:
1407:
199:
published the first scientific paper detailing the hole in the ozone layer. That same year, the
2558:
2267:
1970:
1702:
1682:
856:
522:
450:
advantageous for delivery of reactive mixtures; for example, a 2K reactive mixture can use low
427:
156:
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2917:
2864:
2197:
2147:
1870:
1865:
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1514:
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1016:
100:
It was not until 1941 that the aerosol spray can was first put to effective use by
Americans
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8:
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1400:
474:
332:
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272:
164:
31:
799:
555:, but are still considered "recyclable when empty" in US curbside recycling programs.
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343:(1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane) or combinations of the two. More recently, liquid
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1985:
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1149:, Sandor, "Variable spray nozzle for product sprayer", published 1999
1123:"Aerosol Propellant / Pressurisation Filling Machine - R + R Aerosol Systems Ltd"
552:
380:
226:
167:, used as propellants in aerosol sprays, contributed to the depletion of Earth's
160:
86:
1040:
have been found to be more effective in extinguishing fires than carbon dioxide.
1029:
Freon chemical compounds in household refrigerators, air-cooling systems and as
225:, it would either need to be at a dangerously high pressure and require special
2912:
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172:
30:
For the high-temperature explosive weapon also known as an aerosol bomb, see
849:"ARS Partners With Defense Department To Protect Troops From Insect Vectors"
379:(steel with a layer of tin) and may be made of two or three pieces of metal
2513:
2442:
2372:
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2337:
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2177:
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2015:
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90:
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2157:
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2005:
1820:
1752:
1737:
1687:
1572:
1362:
824:
Article “Aerosol Bomb”, by The Golden Home and High School
Encyclopedia,
750: — Appratus for Mixing a Liquid With a Gas, granted August 22, 1939.
284:
280:
168:
133:
2874:
2854:
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was signed in response to the UN's authorization. Two years later, the
188:
797:
2967:
2774:
2568:
2457:
2447:
2437:
2392:
2367:
2212:
2097:
2052:
1995:
1762:
1607:
1539:
1423:
308:
296:
245:. This means that inside the pressurized can, the vapor can exist in
125:
847:
Core, Jim; Bliss, Rosalie Marion; Flores, Alfredo (September 2005).
2789:
2739:
2648:
2518:
2477:
2307:
2232:
2222:
2127:
2062:
1965:
1950:
1895:
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423:
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claims, which were the foundation of his following patent claims.
2528:
2523:
2472:
2182:
1930:
1785:
543:
466:
454:
439:
419:
363:
340:
319:
are also used as propellants to deliver foodstuffs (for example,
288:
283:. The most common replacements of CFCs are mixtures of volatile
121:
41:
986:"The Accelerated Phaseout of Class I Ozone-Depleting Substances"
2942:
2327:
2025:
1890:
1855:
1850:
1825:
1805:
1292:"P&G recalls over 30 aerosol spray products due to benzene"
988:. United States Environmental Protection Agency. 19 August 2010
431:
292:
61:
2332:
2252:
2152:
1875:
1166:"image: aerosol and bov pressurized containers, illustration"
496:
477:
234:
145:
1392:
551:
In the United States, non-empty aerosol cans are considered
2162:
2102:
1840:
1054:"Global emissions of VOCs from compressed aerosol products"
481:
129:
78:
275:(CFCs) were once often used as propellants, but since the
48:
2257:
1960:
1955:
1945:
1830:
1800:
1032:
539:
whipped cream, as have non-flammable liquid propellants.
391:
307:
are also used. All these have the disadvantage of being
183:
to regulate the presence of CFCs in the atmosphere. The
938:
United
Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law
798:
Kimberley A. McGrath; Bridget E. Travers, eds. (1999).
666:
Norwegian Patent No. 46613, issued on
November 23, 1926
509:
contain air, and are dangerous, even deadly, to inhale.
249:
with its bulk liquid at a pressure that is higher than
106:
United States Bureau of
Entomology and Plant Quarantine
93:, celebrated the invention by issuing a stamp in 1998.
513:
Aerosol cans have three main areas of health concern:
1052:Yeoman, Amber M.; Lewis, Alastair C. (2021-04-22).
887:. Consumer Aerosol Products Council. Archived from
763:, p.402. John Wiley & Songs, Inc., New Jersey.
257:with the payload or dissolved in the payload. In
3020:
40:is a type of dispensing system which creates an
1460:Modified atmosphere/modified humidity packaging
846:
410:Packaging that uses a piston barrier system by
761:Scientific American Inventions and Discoveries
217:Propellant § Compressed_fluid_propellants
1408:
1388:Aerosol Spray Can Old Patents and Inventions
674:
672:
662:
660:
2594:Hazard analysis and critical control points
1237:. The University of Vermont. Archived from
1051:
1415:
1401:
1007:"Fires Halted Quickly by "Lazy" Freon Gas"
908:Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977 (91
855:. Vol. 53, no. 9. Archived from
367:A typical paint valve system will have a "
2504:Automatic identification and data capture
1193:
1189:
1187:
1102:"Solstice® Propellant Technical Bulletin"
1077:
793:
791:
669:
657:
1290:Genovese, Daniella (December 20, 2021).
1289:
693:Kvilesjø, Svend Ole (17 February 2003).
692:
647:
645:
495:
362:
221:If aerosol cans were simply filled with
60:
47:
65:The aerosol spray canister invented by
14:
3021:
1225:
1223:
1184:
1145:
788:
547:prior to use in any finished products.
210:
1396:
1058:Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene
928:
924:
922:
642:
392:Non-propellant packaging alternatives
1906:Flexible intermediate bulk container
958:
715:
185:United Nations Environment Programme
27:Dispensing system of an aerosol mist
1220:
959:Nash, Eric R. (23 September 2013).
24:
2890:Vertical form fill sealing machine
1261:"Solstice Propellant for Aerosols"
1194:Mikkelson, Barbara (30 May 2005).
919:
628:LATIN SMALL LETTER REVERSED OPEN E
491:
171:. In response to this theory, the
25:
3055:
2860:Rotary wheel blow molding systems
1708:Purdue Improved Crop Storage bags
1383:Consumer Aerosol Products Council
1376:
1210:"Deodorant burns on the increase"
885:"Chloroflurocarbons CFCs History"
653:The History of Aerosol Spray Cans
3004:
3003:
2830:Mechanical brake stretch wrapper
339:(1,1,1,2,-tetrafluoroethane) or
144:sprays was developed in 1949 by
89:. The Norwegian Postal Service,
2564:Electronic article surveillance
2418:Shock and vibration data logger
2263:Linear low-density polyethylene
1355:
1334:
1320:
1302:
1283:
1253:
1202:
1158:
1139:
1115:
1094:
1045:
999:
978:
952:
902:
877:
863:
840:
831:
612:
181:Environmental Protection Agency
2669:Radio-frequency identification
1342:"Aerosol Dispensers Directive"
1079:10.1525/elementa.2020.20.00177
853:Agricultural Research Magazine
818:
774:
753:
739:
701:(in Norwegian). Archived from
686:
525:from the propellant (known as
422:products such as post-foaming
327:). Medicinal aerosols such as
13:
1:
2780:Extended core stretch wrapper
1733:Single-serve coffee container
1422:
1310:"How to Recycle Aerosol Cans"
636:
517:Contents may be deliberately
418:is often selected for highly
1936:Insulated shipping container
1231:"Paint & Aerosol Safety"
801:World of Invention "Summary"
566:is planned to replace it in
438:and industrial products and
358:
104:and William Sullivan of the
7:
3039:Products introduced in 1927
2825:Material-handling equipment
2709:Verification and validation
1941:Intermediate bulk container
1723:Self-heating food packaging
961:"History of the Ozone Hole"
929:Weiss, Edith Brown (2009).
695:"Sprayboksens far er norsk"
573:
10:
3060:
2468:Time temperature indicator
395:
214:
56:
29:
3001:
2923:Environmental engineering
2898:
2885:Turntable stretch wrapper
2815:Lineshaft roller conveyor
2805:Injection molding machine
2717:
2486:
2116:
1761:
1743:Toothpaste pump dispenser
1603:Disposable food packaging
1548:
1445:Child-resistant packaging
1430:
1019:. April 1947. p. 115
804:. Detroit: Thomson Gale.
759:Carlisle, Rodney (2004).
175:passed amendments to the
2810:Label printer applicator
2679:Shearing (manufacturing)
2278:Low-density polyethylene
1698:Pharmaceutical packaging
1668:Low plastic water bottle
1558:Alternative wine closure
719:
605:
349:global warming potential
179:in 1977 authorizing the
148:machine shop proprietor
118:Secretary of Agriculture
2840:Orbital stretch wrapper
2463:Temperature data logger
2383:Pressure-sensitive tape
2243:Humidity indicator card
1771:Aerosol spray dispenser
2559:Die forming (plastics)
2268:Liquid packaging board
1971:Multilayered packaging
1703:Plastic milk container
1683:Optical disc packaging
1330:. European Commission.
727:
510:
372:
157:Frank Sherwood Rowland
74:
53:
2988:Sustainable packaging
2938:Life-cycle assessment
2918:Closed-loop box reuse
2865:Seed-counting machine
2198:Corrugated fiberboard
2148:Biodegradable plastic
1871:Corrugated box design
1525:Sustainable packaging
1515:Shelf-ready packaging
1490:Packaging engineering
1363:"CE marking guidance"
965:NASA Ozone Hole Watch
871:U.S. patent 2,631,814
782:U.S. patent 2,331,117
747:U.S. patent 2,170,531
680:U.S. patent 1,800,156
499:
366:
132:and airplanes in the
73:and William Sullivan.
64:
51:
3034:Norwegian inventions
2958:PET bottle recycling
2820:Logistics automation
2348:Plastic-coated paper
1495:Resealable packaging
251:atmospheric pressure
241:slightly lower than
3010:Category: Packaging
2845:Packaging machinery
2654:Product development
2453:Tamper-evident band
2293:Modified atmosphere
1633:Foam food container
1070:2021EleSA...9..177Y
1035:carrier in aerosol
273:Chlorofluorocarbons
211:Aerosol propellants
165:chlorofluorocarbons
150:Robert H. Abplanalp
128:by spraying inside
2973:Reusable packaging
2933:Industrial ecology
2694:Ultrasonic welding
2659:Production control
2609:Injection moulding
2494:Aseptic processing
2203:Corrugated plastic
2073:Steel and tin cans
2043:Shipping container
1981:Packet (container)
1718:Seasonal packaging
1618:Evidence packaging
1598:Currency packaging
1593:Cosmetic packaging
1500:Reusable packaging
1265:Honeywell Aerosols
1127:R + R Midlands Ltd
511:
373:
333:hydrofluoroalkanes
305:methyl ethyl ether
75:
54:
32:Thermobaric weapon
3016:
3015:
2978:Reverse logistics
2963:Plastic recycling
2835:Multihead weigher
2755:Cartoning machine
2750:Cap torque tester
2664:Quality assurance
2639:Plastic extrusion
2604:Induction sealing
2574:Extrusion coating
2433:Staple (fastener)
2403:Security printing
2238:Hot-melt adhesive
1811:Biodegradable bag
1653:Glass milk bottle
1535:Tamper resistance
1475:Package pilferage
1450:Contract packager
1271:on 14 August 2020
1241:on 11 August 2015
1172:on 10 August 2016
1012:Popular Mechanics
828:, New York, 1961.
736:
735:
345:hydrofluoroolefin
277:Montreal Protocol
237:of a liquid with
205:Montreal Protocol
201:Vienna Convention
193:Brian G. Gardiner
52:Aerosol spray can
16:(Redirected from
3051:
3007:
3006:
2993:Waste management
2983:Source reduction
2800:Industrial robot
2704:Vacuum packaging
2629:Package tracking
2584:Glass production
2544:Corona treatment
2534:Containerization
2398:Screw cap (wine)
2313:Oxygen scavenger
1776:Aluminium bottle
1728:Screw cap (wine)
1673:Luxury packaging
1505:Reuse of bottles
1470:Package delivery
1455:Edible packaging
1440:Active packaging
1417:
1410:
1403:
1394:
1393:
1371:
1370:
1369:. 1 August 2023.
1359:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1348:
1338:
1332:
1331:
1324:
1318:
1317:
1306:
1300:
1299:
1287:
1281:
1280:
1278:
1276:
1267:. Archived from
1257:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1227:
1218:
1217:
1206:
1200:
1199:
1196:"Dust Off Death"
1191:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1168:. Archived from
1162:
1156:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1143:
1137:
1136:
1134:
1133:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1106:
1098:
1092:
1091:
1081:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1026:
1024:
1017:Hearst Magazines
1015:. Vol. 87.
1003:
997:
996:
994:
993:
982:
976:
975:
973:
972:
956:
950:
949:
947:
945:
940:. United Nations
935:
926:
917:
906:
900:
899:
897:
896:
881:
875:
873:
867:
861:
860:
859:on 15 July 2012.
844:
838:
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816:
815:
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786:
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772:
757:
751:
749:
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737:
716:
714:
712:
710:
690:
684:
682:
676:
667:
664:
655:
649:
630:
629:
626:
623:
621:
616:
560:reversed epsilon
469:to make a final
452:molecular weight
414:or EarthSafe by
243:room temperature
229:design (like in
87:Norwegian kroner
21:
3059:
3058:
3054:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3049:
3048:
3019:
3018:
3017:
3012:
2997:
2953:Paper recycling
2948:Packaging waste
2928:Glass recycling
2900:
2894:
2850:Pallet inverter
2770:Conveyor system
2725:Barcode printer
2713:
2689:Track and trace
2644:Plastic welding
2579:Flame treatment
2549:Curtain coating
2482:
2303:Nonwoven fabric
2288:Metallised film
2193:Container glass
2120:
2118:
2112:
2088:Tub (container)
1986:Padded envelope
1757:
1583:Case-ready meat
1550:
1544:
1480:Package testing
1432:
1426:
1421:
1379:
1374:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1346:
1344:
1340:
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1335:
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1259:
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1244:
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1229:
1228:
1221:
1216:. 10 July 2007.
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1005:
1004:
1000:
991:
989:
984:
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979:
970:
968:
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953:
943:
941:
933:
927:
920:
907:
903:
894:
892:
883:
882:
878:
869:
868:
864:
845:
841:
836:
832:
823:
819:
812:
796:
789:
780:
779:
775:
758:
754:
745:
744:
740:
732:
724:
708:
706:
705:on 30 June 2008
691:
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658:
650:
643:
639:
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633:
627:
624:
619:
618:
617:
613:
608:
576:
553:hazardous waste
494:
492:Safety concerns
404:
396:Main articles:
394:
361:
329:asthma inhalers
227:pressure vessel
219:
213:
161:Mario J. Molina
59:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3057:
3047:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3029:Aerosol sprays
3014:
3013:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2913:Can collecting
2910:
2908:Biodegradation
2904:
2902:
2896:
2895:
2893:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2880:Tape dispenser
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
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2837:
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2827:
2822:
2817:
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2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2730:Barcode reader
2727:
2721:
2719:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2699:Vacuum forming
2696:
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2676:
2671:
2666:
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2641:
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2596:
2591:
2589:Graphic design
2586:
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2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
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2516:
2511:
2509:Blow fill seal
2506:
2501:
2499:Authentication
2496:
2490:
2488:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
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2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2413:Shock detector
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2388:Pump dispenser
2385:
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2365:
2360:
2358:Plastic pallet
2355:
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2318:Package handle
2315:
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2140:
2135:
2133:Aluminium foil
2130:
2124:
2122:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2068:Stand-up pouch
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2034:
2033:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2011:Plastic bottle
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1916:Folding carton
1913:
1908:
1903:
1901:Euro container
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1881:Disposable cup
1878:
1873:
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1791:Antistatic bag
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1643:Fuel container
1640:
1638:Food packaging
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1615:
1610:
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1595:
1590:
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1563:Ammunition box
1560:
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1545:
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1532:
1530:Tamper-evident
1527:
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1378:
1377:External links
1375:
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549:
548:
540:
536:
530:
527:inhalant abuse
493:
490:
465:low molecular
463:functionalized
416:Crown Holdings
412:CCL Industries
402:Squeeze bottle
393:
390:
385:Aluminium cans
360:
357:
335:(HFA): either
317:carbon dioxide
301:Dimethyl ether
223:compressed gas
212:
209:
163:proposed that
155:In 1974, Drs.
58:
55:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2870:Shrink tunnel
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2765:Check weigher
2763:
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2748:
2746:
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2741:
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2736:
2735:Bottling line
2733:
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2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
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2684:Thermoforming
2682:
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2677:
2675:
2674:Roll slitting
2672:
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2657:
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2620:
2619:Laser cutting
2617:
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2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2599:Hermetic seal
2597:
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2419:
2416:
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2411:
2409:
2408:Security tape
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
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2381:
2379:
2378:Polypropylene
2376:
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2364:
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2359:
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2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
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2329:
2326:
2324:
2323:Packaging gas
2321:
2319:
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2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
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2049:
2048:Shipping tube
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2032:
2029:
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2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
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1974:
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1911:Flexible tank
1909:
1907:
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1902:
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1498:
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1486:
1485:Package theft
1483:
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1471:
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1465:Overpackaging
1463:
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1399:
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1389:
1386:
1384:
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1380:
1368:
1367:UK Government
1364:
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1198:. snopes.com.
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923:
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905:
891:on 2015-07-15
890:
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811:0-7876-2759-3
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769:0-471-24410-4
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651:Bellis, Mary
648:
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580:Aerosol paint
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568:Great Britain
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541:
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503:/ dusters do
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325:cooking spray
322:
321:whipped cream
318:
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313:Nitrous oxide
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278:
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263:freeze sprays
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239:boiling point
236:
232:
231:gas cylinders
228:
224:
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177:Clean Air Act
174:
173:U.S. Congress
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80:
72:
69:researchers,
68:
63:
50:
46:
43:
39:
38:Aerosol spray
33:
19:
2899:Environment,
2514:Blow molding
2443:Stretch wrap
2373:Polyethylene
2363:Plastic wrap
2353:Plastic film
2338:Paper pallet
2273:Living hinge
2178:Coated paper
2058:Spray bottle
2038:Security bag
2031:Water sachet
2021:Salvage drum
2016:Retort pouch
1921:Glass bottle
1816:Blister pack
1781:Aluminum can
1770:
1748:Water bottle
1648:Gas cylinder
1623:Field ration
1520:Shelf-stable
1366:
1357:
1345:. Retrieved
1336:
1322:
1313:
1304:
1296:Fox Business
1295:
1285:
1273:. Retrieved
1269:the original
1264:
1255:
1243:. Retrieved
1239:the original
1234:
1204:
1174:. Retrieved
1170:the original
1160:
1141:
1130:. Retrieved
1126:
1117:
1108:
1096:
1064:(1): 00177.
1061:
1057:
1047:
1037:insect bombs
1030:
1028:
1021:. Retrieved
1010:
1001:
990:. Retrieved
980:
969:. Retrieved
964:
954:
942:. Retrieved
937:
904:
893:. Retrieved
889:the original
879:
865:
857:the original
852:
842:
833:
826:Golden Press
820:
800:
776:
760:
755:
741:
728:
720:
707:. Retrieved
703:the original
698:
688:
614:
600:Spray nozzle
595:Silly String
564:UKCA marking
559:
557:
550:
533:Aerosol burn
523:intoxication
512:
505:
504:
471:cross-linked
448:
444:
436:food spreads
409:
405:
398:Spray bottle
374:
353:
287:, typically
285:hydrocarbons
271:
220:
197:Jon Shanklin
154:
142:
138:World War II
113:
110:aerosol bomb
109:
102:Lyle Goodhue
99:
95:
91:Posten Norge
83:Erik Rotheim
76:
71:Lyle Goodhue
37:
36:
2795:Heat sealer
2760:Case sealer
2634:Papermaking
2554:Die cutting
2519:Calendering
2423:Shrink wrap
2298:Molded pulp
2283:Meat diaper
2248:Kraft paper
2228:Foam peanut
2218:Double seam
2188:Coextrusion
2158:Bubble wrap
2138:Bail handle
2083:Thermal bag
2006:Plastic bag
1821:Boil-in-bag
1753:Wine bottle
1738:Spray paint
1693:Popcorn bag
1688:Oyster pail
1573:Beer bottle
699:Aftenposten
521:to achieve
281:ozone layer
259:gas dusters
247:equilibrium
169:ozone layer
81:in 1927 to
18:Aerosol can
3023:Categories
2875:Staple gun
2855:Palletizer
2745:Can seamer
2614:Lamination
2539:Converting
2428:Slip sheet
2343:Paperboard
2208:Cushioning
2168:Cellophane
2143:Bioplastic
2121:components
2108:Wooden box
2078:Tetra Brik
2001:Paper sack
1976:Multi-pack
1926:Gunny sack
1796:Bag-in-box
1763:Containers
1628:Flour sack
1613:Egg carton
1588:Coffee bag
1568:Banana box
1510:Shelf life
1147:US5941462A
1132:2019-02-19
992:2015-07-20
971:2015-07-20
895:2015-07-20
709:6 February
637:References
501:Canned air
383:together.
303:(DME) and
267:haloalkane
215:See also:
189:Joe Farman
126:mosquitoes
124:-carrying
3044:Packaging
2968:Recycling
2775:Drum pump
2718:Machinery
2569:Extrusion
2487:Processes
2458:Tear tape
2448:Susceptor
2438:Strapping
2393:Screw cap
2368:Polyester
2213:Desiccant
2117:Materials
2098:Unit load
2053:Skin pack
1996:Paper bag
1866:Clamshell
1608:Drink can
1540:Wrap rage
1424:Packaging
1109:Honeywell
1088:2325-1026
916:, p. 726)
486:adhesives
424:hair gels
359:Packaging
309:flammable
297:isobutane
2901:post-use
2790:Heat gun
2740:Calender
2649:Printing
2478:Velostat
2473:Tinplate
2308:Overwrap
2233:Gel pack
2223:Flip-top
2128:Adhesive
2063:Squround
1966:Mesh bag
1951:Jerrycan
1896:Envelope
1836:Bulk box
1713:Sand bag
1678:Milk bag
1663:Juicebox
1578:Box wine
1551:packages
1314:Earth911
1275:11 March
1214:ABC News
590:Graffiti
585:Fabrican
574:See also
459:oligomer
440:sealants
426:, thick
377:tinplate
337:HFA 134a
255:miscible
114:bug bomb
2624:Molding
2529:Coating
2524:Canning
2183:Coating
2173:Closure
1931:Inhaler
1786:Ampoule
1658:Growler
1549:Product
1431:General
1245:20 July
1235:uvm.edu
1176:13 July
1111:. 2017.
1066:Bibcode
1023:June 7,
944:20 July
625:ɜ
544:benzene
519:inhaled
475:curable
467:polymer
455:monomer
432:lotions
420:viscous
381:crimped
341:HFA 227
289:propane
136:during
134:Pacific
122:malaria
57:History
42:aerosol
3008:
2943:Litter
2785:Filler
2328:Pallet
2026:Sachet
1891:Endcap
1856:Carton
1851:Carboy
1826:Bottle
1806:Barrel
1433:topics
1347:28 May
1153:
1086:
967:. NASA
912:
808:
767:
622:
620:U+025C
484:, and
478:paints
461:, and
428:creams
369:female
293:butane
195:, and
2333:Paper
2253:Label
2153:BoPET
1876:Crate
1105:(PDF)
934:(PDF)
910:Stat.
606:Notes
482:foams
235:vapor
146:Bronx
130:tents
2163:Bung
2103:Vial
2093:Tube
1991:Pail
1886:Drum
1861:Chub
1846:Case
1841:Cage
1349:2024
1277:2019
1247:2015
1178:2017
1084:ISSN
1025:2019
946:2015
806:ISBN
765:ISBN
711:2009
430:and
400:and
331:use
323:and
315:and
295:and
291:, n-
261:and
159:and
79:Oslo
67:USDA
2258:Lid
2119:and
1961:Keg
1956:Jug
1946:Jar
1831:Box
1801:Bag
1074:doi
1033:DDT
914:685
506:not
112:or
3025::
1365:.
1312:.
1294:.
1263:.
1233:.
1222:^
1212:.
1186:^
1125:.
1107:.
1082:.
1072:.
1060:.
1056:.
1031:a
1027:.
1009:.
963:.
936:.
921:^
851:.
790:^
697:.
671:^
659:^
644:^
570:.
488:.
480:,
457:,
434:,
311:.
299:.
269:.
191:,
152:.
1416:e
1409:t
1402:v
1351:.
1316:.
1298:.
1279:.
1249:.
1180:.
1135:.
1090:.
1076::
1068::
1062:9
995:.
974:.
948:.
898:.
814:.
771:.
713:.
34:.
20:)
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