393:
381:
48:
63:
545:. However, Rome exercised fairly light control over Achaea: no Roman garrisons were posted there, native religious and social groups were widely tolerated by the Romans, and a general sense of free determination amongst the Greeks was commonplace. After the reign of Augustus the province of Achaea was combined with
533:
established Achaea as a senatorial province; generally speaking, the region benefited from the enlightened attitude of Roman emperors such as
Augustus. This was because Achaea was geographically closer to Rome than other provinces, and so it was given political advantages and greater status in order
266:; conversely, a distinct region of Achaea is not mentioned. The region later known as Achaea is instead referred to as Aegialus. Both Herodotus and Pausanias recount the legend that the Achaean tribe was forced out of their lands in the Argolis by the
301:
to the ancient region of Achaea, showing that the name, locally at least, still preserved the use from the
Classical period. The name, Achaea, was later used in the crusader state, the
565:
to be politically free from the Roman Empire, and the Greeks began their own autonomous rule. However, Roman authority over Greece was reestablished soon after with
Emperor
278:) out of their land. The Ionians took temporary refuge in Athens, and Aegialus became known as Achaea. It was supposedly for this reason that the region known as Achaea in
413:
which had important cultural and religious functions. In its later 3rd century BC incarnation the
Achaean League would play an important role in Greek politics.
613:
601:
811:
549:
from the years 15 until 44, coinciding with the frontier troubles. This combined imperial province was overseen by a governor placed at
586:
634:
305:(1205–1432), which comprised the whole Peloponnese, thus more closely following Roman use. The modern Greek prefecture of
710:
683:
285:
Under the Romans, Achaea was a province covering much of central and southern Greece. This is the Achaea referenced in the
462:, were seen in the days leading up to the earthquake. The quake hit at night causing Helike to subside and then a massive
850:
458:
was destroyed in a great cataclysm. "Immense columns of flame", the first record in history of the phenomenon of
497:
675:
The
Athenian Agora: Results of Excavations Conducted by the American School of Classical Studies at Athens
485:. But soon when oligarchs retook the cities of Achaea they allied with Sparta against Epaminondas. At the
486:
546:
482:
365:
524:
492:
The
Achaeans were part of the Greek alliance led by Thebes and Athens which was defeated by King
215:
297:
15:26 and 16:5). However, Pausanias, writing in the 2nd century AD, devotes one of the books of
792:
417:
302:
700:
673:
786:
656:
294:
493:
290:
47:
8:
274:
of the
Peloponnese. Consequently, the Achaeans forced the Aegialians (now known as the
62:
706:
679:
501:
459:
96:
537:
The rule of Achaea in Roman times was placed under the Senate while a proconsul of
481:' third invasion of the Peloponnese, the Achaean cities agreed to an alliance with
336:
279:
257:
247:
231:
219:
166:
136:
17:
658:
A Manual of the
Ancient History of the East to the Commencement of the Median Wars
489:
in 362 BC the
Achaeans were allied to Sparta, Athens and Mantinea against Thebes.
855:
467:
432:
in Greek) horns. The
Sicyonians retreated and the Hyperesians renamed their town
392:
271:
513:
471:
410:
206:
190:
120:
380:
844:
826:
813:
428:. The locals defended their city by placing burning torches on their goats' (
321:
286:
223:
554:
534:
for the Roman court to maintain a political equilibrium within the empire.
440:
397:
351:
86:
764:
478:
385:
211:
110:
569:, who placed the province once again in the hands of the Roman Senate.
654:
781:
775:
566:
500:
in 338 BC. Subsequently, Achaea was part of the Macedonian dominated
421:
355:
325:
541:
rank was appointed as its governor with the administrative seat in
530:
439:
During the 5th century BC the cities of Achaea were neutral in the
348:
344:
542:
538:
463:
433:
369:
358:
324:
have been found in the ancient area of Achaea dating back to the
275:
267:
470:
to inundate the city. All the inhabitants perished. The city of
562:
550:
529:
Achaea was conquered by the Romans in the year 146 BC. Emperor
455:
448:
444:
425:
340:
317:
306:
227:
76:
53:
451:. We begin to hear more of Achaea in the following centuries.
148:
770:
759:
361:
329:
262:
253:
558:
235:
181:
178:
169:
151:
139:
100:
332:
474:, further inland, was also destroyed in the earthquake.
671:
409:
The twelve cities of Achaea were grouped into an early
238:
in the west, Achaea is generally a mountainous region.
648:
252:
The name of Achaea has a slightly convoluted history.
175:
145:
172:
142:
443:and were usually neutral in the struggles between
372:in Achaia and dated to the thirteenth century BC.
698:
655:François Lenormant; Elisabeth Chevallier (1871).
842:
218:. Its approximate boundaries are: to the south,
404:
705:. Oxford University Press. pp. 106, 511.
354:from this ancient region. Among other finds,
665:
260:as a generic term for Greeks throughout the
742:
740:
702:The Oxford Illustrated Prehistory of Europe
692:
282:did not correspond to Homeric references.
737:
391:
379:
309:is largely based on the ancient region.
214:, occupying the coastal strip north of
843:
396:Map showing the position of Achaea in
205:
618:
436:(Greek: Aίγειρα) to honor the goats.
210:) is the northernmost region of the
13:
661:. Lippincott & co. p. 33.
14:
867:
699:Barry W. Cunliffe (24 May 2001).
507:
803:Encyclopedia of the Roman Empire
672:Sara Anderson Immerwahr (1971).
312:
165:
135:
61:
46:
728:
719:
518:
454:In 373 BC, the Achaean city of
424:was threatened by an army from
805:. New York: Facts on File Inc.
639:
627:
606:
594:
579:
234:. Apart from the plain around
1:
572:
405:Archaic and Classical Greece
364:have been discovered during
7:
388:(southern mainland Greece).
10:
872:
753:
557:. In the year 67, Emperor
522:
511:
375:
245:
15:
194:
116:
106:
92:
82:
72:
60:
45:
38:
32:
28:
801:Bunson, Matthew (1994).
734:Pausanias, Achaea 7.24.6
725:Pausanias, Achaea 7.26.2
420:, in 688 BC the city of
16:Not to be confused with
851:Ancient Greek geography
525:Achaea (Roman province)
339:from materials such as
270:, during the legendary
241:
230:; and to the west, the
678:. ASCSA. p. 276.
401:
389:
303:Principality of Achaea
124:(ca. 260–146 BC)
797:Description of Greece
395:
383:
299:Description of Greece
222:; to the south-east,
67:Map of ancient Achaea
494:Philip II of Macedon
827:38.0868°N 21.8598°E
823: /
645:Pausanias, book VII
498:Battle of Chaeronea
466:rushed in from the
384:Ancient regions of
347:have been found in
487:Battle of Mantinea
477:In 367 BC, during
402:
390:
20:in Central Greece.
712:978-0-19-285441-4
685:978-0-87661-213-2
590:II, 574–575
502:Corinthian League
460:earthquake lights
293:18:12 and 19:21;
128:
127:
863:
838:
837:
835:
834:
833:
832:38.0868; 21.8598
828:
824:
821:
820:
819:
816:
747:
744:
735:
732:
726:
723:
717:
716:
696:
690:
689:
669:
663:
662:
652:
646:
643:
637:
635:I, 143–147
631:
625:
624:Pausanias VII, 1
622:
616:
610:
604:
598:
592:
583:
280:Classical Greece
248:Achaeans (tribe)
220:Mount Erymanthus
209:
207:[akʰaía]
204:
196:
188:
187:
184:
183:
180:
177:
174:
171:
158:
157:
154:
153:
150:
147:
144:
141:
65:
50:
26:
25:
23:Region in Greece
18:Achaea Phthiotis
871:
870:
866:
865:
864:
862:
861:
860:
841:
840:
831:
829:
825:
822:
817:
814:
812:
810:
809:
756:
751:
750:
745:
738:
733:
729:
724:
720:
713:
697:
693:
686:
670:
666:
653:
649:
644:
640:
632:
628:
623:
619:
611:
607:
599:
595:
584:
580:
575:
527:
521:
516:
510:
468:Corinthian Gulf
407:
378:
315:
272:Dorian invasion
250:
244:
226:; to the east,
202:
168:
164:
138:
134:
123:
68:
56:
41:
34:
31:
24:
21:
12:
11:
5:
869:
859:
858:
853:
807:
806:
799:
790:
779:
768:
755:
752:
749:
748:
736:
727:
718:
711:
691:
684:
664:
647:
638:
626:
617:
605:
593:
577:
576:
574:
571:
523:Main article:
520:
517:
514:Achaean League
512:Main article:
509:
508:Achaean League
506:
411:Achaean League
406:
403:
377:
374:
314:
311:
256:uses the term
246:Main article:
243:
240:
232:Larissos river
203:Ancient Greek:
126:
125:
121:Achaean League
118:
114:
113:
108:
104:
103:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
66:
58:
57:
51:
43:
42:
39:
36:
35:
29:
22:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
868:
857:
854:
852:
849:
848:
846:
839:
836:
804:
800:
798:
794:
791:
789:
788:
787:The Histories
783:
780:
778:
777:
772:
769:
767:
766:
761:
758:
757:
743:
741:
731:
722:
714:
708:
704:
703:
695:
687:
681:
677:
676:
668:
660:
659:
651:
642:
636:
630:
621:
615:
609:
603:
597:
591:
589:
582:
578:
570:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
535:
532:
526:
515:
505:
503:
499:
495:
490:
488:
484:
480:
475:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
452:
450:
446:
442:
437:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
416:According to
414:
412:
399:
394:
387:
382:
373:
371:
367:
363:
360:
357:
353:
352:chamber tombs
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
331:
327:
323:
319:
313:Proto-History
310:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
287:New Testament
283:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
264:
259:
255:
249:
239:
237:
233:
229:
225:
224:Mount Cyllene
221:
217:
213:
208:
200:
192:
186:
162:
156:
132:
122:
119:
115:
112:
109:
105:
102:
98:
95:
91:
88:
85:
81:
78:
75:
71:
64:
59:
55:
52:Roman odeon,
49:
44:
37:
27:
19:
808:
802:
796:
785:
774:
763:
730:
721:
701:
694:
674:
667:
657:
650:
641:
629:
620:
608:
596:
587:
581:
555:Danube River
536:
528:
519:Roman period
491:
476:
453:
441:Persian Wars
438:
429:
415:
408:
398:Peloponnesus
316:
298:
284:
261:
251:
198:
160:
130:
129:
93:Major cities
830: /
765:The Odyssey
479:Epaminondas
386:Peloponnese
366:excavations
335:and blades
212:Peloponnese
117:Key periods
87:Peloponesse
845:Categories
818:21°51′35″E
815:38°05′12″N
746:Bunson, 1.
633:Herodotus
612:Herodotus
600:Herodotus
573:References
553:along the
539:Praetorian
349:megalithic
337:fabricated
793:Pausanias
782:Herodotus
776:The Iliad
567:Vespasian
561:declared
547:Macedonia
422:Hyperesia
418:Pausanias
356:alabaster
326:Neolithic
322:cromlechs
602:VIII, 73
531:Augustus
345:obsidian
328:period.
258:Achaeans
107:Dialects
83:Location
754:Sources
614:VII, 94
585:Homer,
543:Corinth
496:at the
464:tsunami
434:Aigeira
376:History
370:Antheia
359:pottery
318:Dolmens
289:(e.g.,
276:Ionians
268:Dorians
216:Arcadia
73:Country
856:Achaea
709:
682:
563:Greece
551:Moesia
483:Thebes
456:Helike
449:Sparta
445:Athens
426:Sicyon
362:sherds
341:quartz
307:Achaea
295:Romans
228:Sicyon
199:Akhaia
161:Achaia
131:Achaea
97:Patras
77:Greece
54:Patras
40:Region
30:Achaea
771:Homer
760:Homer
588:Iliad
472:Boura
430:aiges
330:Flint
263:Iliad
254:Homer
195:Ἀχαΐα
191:Greek
159:) or
111:Doric
33:Ἀχαΐα
707:ISBN
680:ISBN
559:Nero
447:and
333:axes
320:and
291:Acts
242:Name
236:Dyme
101:Dyme
368:at
343:or
847::
795:,
784:,
773:,
762:,
739:^
504:.
201:,
197:,
193::
189:;
179:aɪ
149:iː
99:,
715:.
688:.
400:.
185:/
182:ə
176:k
173:ˈ
170:ə
167:/
163:(
155:/
152:ə
146:k
143:ˈ
140:ə
137:/
133:(
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