AMX-30 - Knowledge

1362:), was designed to recuperate or help maintain vehicles in the field. Work on the AMX-30D began in 1966, as the French Army researched developing a recovery vehicle to be issued to units receiving the AMX-30 tank. A prototype was produced and delivered for experimentation in 1971, and in February 1973 the first of a pre-series of five vehicles was delivered. That same year, another 100 AMX-30Ds were ordered, and these began production in 1975. The recovery vehicle includes a winch powered by the vehicle's engine, with the ability to pull a maximum of 35 metric tons (39 short tons) of weight. The vehicle also has a 80-meter (87 yd) heavy towing cable, while an auxiliary winch has another 120-meter (130 yd) towing cable, able to tow up to 20 metric tons (22 short tons) when working over the front of the AMX-30D. In the latter case the vehicle must be supported by removable props, which are carried on the vehicle, and the bulldozer blade must be lowered on the ground. The crane can lift up the 3.29 metric tons (3.63 short tons) power pack and the 10 metric tons (11 short tons) turret. Instead of a turret, the AMX-30D is fitted with a superstructure, and weighs 36 metric tons (40 short tons), although with the extra power pack it can weigh up to 40 metric tons (44 short tons). The vehicle can protect itself with a 7.62-millimeter (0.300 in) machine gun. The driver's visibility is aided by the inclusion of three M-223 episcopes. The AMX-30D has a maximum on-road velocity of 60 kilometers per hour (37 mph) and a maximum road range of 500 kilometers (310 mi). 856:

65 kilometers per hour (40 mph) on roads. The fuel efficient engine, in conjunction with a total fuel capacity of 970 liters (260 U.S. gal), gave the AMX-30 a maximum road range of up to 600 kilometers (370 mi). The engine's drive is taken through a Gravina G.H.B.200C twin-plate centrifugal clutch. The gearbox was an AMX 5-SD-200D, with five forward gears and five reverse gears. This transmission was heavily influenced by that of the German Panther tank and was based on a project which had begun in 1938. The transmission was one of the AMX-30's major faults and caused a variety of mechanical problems, including that the driver would have to manually change gears at specific times, even if the tank was moving over rough terrain. The tank's weight is distributed over five double, aluminum-alloy, rubber-tyred road wheels on either side, propelled on 570-millimeter (22 in) wide tracks. The tank could ford 1.3-meter (1.4 yd) deep water obstacles without preparation, up to 2 meters (2.2 yd) with minor preparation, and up to 4 meters (4.4 yd) with full preparation. Full preparation for water operations consisted of the addition of a snorkel tube, the installation of blanking plates, carried on the front of the hull, over the engine compartment's air intake louvers, and the installation of infrared driving equipment, including a searchlight. In 1969, a special diving and evacuation training vehicle, without engine or tracks, was created and nicknamed the

1702:. Spain also procured 10 AMX-30Ds and 18 AMX-30Rs. As production of the AMX-30E ended in 1979, the Spanish Army was already looking for a modernization program to improve the quality of the tank's mobility. In 1987, the Spanish Army began a six-year modernization program which brought 150 tanks up to AMX-30EM2 standards and modified another 149 tanks to AMX-30EM1 standards. The former was a much more complete upgrade, which saw improvements to the tank's mobility through the adoption of a new engine and gearbox, as well as to the tank's firepower, with the development of a new kinetic energy penetrator and the introduction of a far more complex and accurate fire control system for the tank's gunner, amongst other things. The AMX-30EM1 was termed a "reconstruction" and only saw improvements to the tank's mobility by adopting a new transmission and renovating much of the vehicle's worn out systems, such as the brakes, indicators and controls. These rebuilt AMX-30s were soon replaced by M60 Patton tanks procured from the United States in the early 1990s, while its fleet of AMX-30EM2s was later replaced by the 797:

would have been compromised had they added enough steel plating to protect against modern anti-tank threats, including high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) warheads. As a result, the type had the thinnest armour of any main battle tank produced at the time. The turret has a maximum armour thickness of 50 millimetres (2.0 in), the armour sloped at 70 degrees on the front plate and 23 degrees on the side, offering protection against 20-millimetre (0.79 in) armour piercing projectiles. The Line-of-Sight armour values are: 79-millimeter (3.1 in) for the front of the hull; 59-millimetre (2.3 in) for the forward sides of the hull; 30-millimetre (1.2 in) for the rear sides and rear of the hull; 15-millimetre (0.59 in) for the hull top and bottom; 80.8-millimeter (3.18 in) for the turret front; 41.5-millimeter (1.63 in) for the turret sides; 50-millimetre (2.0 in) for the turret rear and 20-millimetre (0.79 in) for the turret top. Further protection is offered by a

559:, mounted on trunnions, which was the first of its kind. The oscillating turret consisted of two parts, one of which was mounted on the trunnions of the lower part, attached to the turret ring. The main gun was attached to the upper part, facilitating gun elevation and depression, as well as simplifying the fire control equipment and the installation of the automatic loading system. Of the three contractors, Renault withdrew from the program, while in early 1946 the French government selected AMX and SOMUA to continue the development. The prototypes were designated M4s, and AMX completed its prototype in 1949, while SOMUA would not be finished until 1956. AMX's first prototype was armed with a 90-millimeter (3.5 in) cannon, although a second prototype was fitted with a larger 100-millimetre (3.9 in) gun in July 1950 Although it was intended to put the AMX 50 into production as the standard medium tank of the 1616:. Monthly production grew to 15–20 tanks as new factories began to manufacture components of the vehicle and existing factories increased their production potential. However, in April 1969, production was again reduced to ten per month. By 1971, about 180 vehicles were in service; in 1975 delivery began of the last 143 units of the final eighth batch of the original order. In 1985, the number of AMX-30s had risen to 1,173. By the end of production, France had accepted 1,355 AMX-30s into service, including 166 brand-new AMX-30B2s. Another 493 tanks were refitted and modernized to AMX-30B2 standards; originally 271 new and 820 refitted vehicles had been planned. The French Army also accepted a large number of variants, including 195 self-propelled howitzers, 44 AMX-30 Pluton tactical nuclear missile launchers, 183 AMX-30Rs, 134 AMX-30Ds and 48 engineer vehicles ( 1007:. The upgrades to the power packs were new MTU MB833 Ka501 diesel engine with 850 hp, ZF LSG-3000 automatic transmission, new engine cooling system, and increased fuel capacity up to 1,028 liters. The upgrades on mobility also includes upgraded torsion bars, hydraulic shock absorbers, new slightly larger road wheels, and Diehl Type 234 tracks. The fire control systems were upgraded with MOLF-30 modular laser FCS by Krupp Atlas Elektronik, gyro-stabilized gun and gunner's day/night sight, laser rangefinder, and fully electric turret drive. Optional additional armour on the turret also available per buyer request. A single prototype was made and were publicly unveiled and tested in Saudi Arabia. The upgrade failed to find a buyer. 1814: 824:(Obus G) HEAT projectile and its main gun, the Modèle F1, a monoblock steel 105-millimeter (4.1 in) cannon. HEAT warheads suffer when spin stabilized, a product of rifled barrels, causing the French to develop the Obus G, (Gresse). This projectile was composed of two major parts, including the outer shell and a suspended inner shell, separated by ball bearings. This allowed the projectile to be spin-stabilized, and therefore more accurate than a normal fin-stabilized HEAT round, while the inner shell did not spin, allowing the warhead to work at maximum efficiency. The warhead, containing 780 gram 33: 2129: 2117: 1560: 841:. The tank commander also made use of a 7.62-millimeter (0.300 in) anti-aircraft machine gun on the turret roof. The vehicle carried 50 105-millimeter (4.1 in) projectiles, 748 12.7-millimeter (0.50 in) rounds and 2,050 7.62-millimeter (0.300 in) bullets. The tank commander was issued a cupola which offered ten all-around direct-vision episcopes, and a binocular telescope with 10x magnification. The commander was also given an optical full-field coincidence range finder. The gunner was given a telescoping gun sight and two observation periscopes. 2085: 1795: 2155: 1381:, consists of the AMX-30's chassis with a box-like superstructure, supporting a scissor-type folding bridge. The 22-meter-long (24 yd) bridge can span 20-meter (22 yd) gaps. The bridge has a width of 3.1 meters (3.4 yd), but can be increased to 3.95 meters (4.32 yd) through the use of appliqué panels. It can support weighs of up to 46 metric tons (51 short tons). Bridgelayer development began as early as 1963, although it was not until June 1967 that development began on a prototype. Although a prototype designated 2060: 1934: 1454:

followed by the production of a second prototype in 1971. Two more prototypes were fabricated in 1972. The next year, the vehicle was put into mass production and by 1 May 1974 four of these vehicles had been delivered to the 3rd Artillery Regiment. The missile itself weighs 2.4 metric tons (2.6 short tons) and is 7.6 meters (8.3 yd) long. Using a simplified inertial guidance system and a solid propellant rocket motor, the Pluton has a maximum range of 120 kilometers (75 mi). The second missile system is the

1551:, was unveiled in June 1979. Originally intended as an alternative for the AMX-30B2, and deliberately imitating the spaced armour concept the Germans had successfully implemented on the Leopard 1A3 and A4, the AMX-32 fielded greater armour protection to offer increased survivability against anti-tank guided missiles. A 20-millimeter (0.79 in) autocannon was included as the main gun's coaxial weapon, and a 7.62-millimeter (0.300 in) machine gun attached to the roof. However, no orders were ever placed. 1771:

horsepower (677 kW) and exchanging the existing transmission with an Allison CD-850-6A. Venezuelan AMX-30s received new fuel tanks, increasing the tank's road range to 720 kilometers (450 mi), while firepower was improved through the adoption of a modern Lansadot MkI fire control system and Ballistic computer from Elbit Systems. In 1977, France and Qatar signed an agreement which garnered France another 24 AMX-30s sold, which would rise to 54 when Qatar ordered a further 30 AMX-30B2s in 1987. The

777:. In contrast to the AMX-50, the AMX-30 was issued a conventional turret, because it was found that it was more difficult to seal oscillating turrets from radioactive dust and against water when the tank was submerged. Oscillating turrets also had a large ballistic weakness in the area of the skirt and turret ring. Originally, the first two prototypes were powered by a 720 horsepower (540 kW) spark ignition engine, named the SOFAM 12 GSds. Later, a multi-fuel diesel engine was adopted, developed by 338:(Tank Regiment) in August of that year. The production version of the AMX-30B weighed 36 metric tons (40 short tons), and sacrificed protection for increased mobility. The French believed that it would have required too much armour to protect against the latest anti-tank threats, thereby reducing the tank's maneuverability. Protection, instead, was provided by the speed and the compact dimensions of the vehicle, including a height of 2.28 metres. It had a 105 mm gun, firing a then advanced 873: 1994: 1433: 1466: 5997: 2012: 1336: 845: 1962: 6007: 2103: 1948: 2071: 1906: 756: 2033: 1976: 1721: 1529: 901: 4652: 2047: 1425:

on, providing superior mobility. The heavier AMX-30 also provided a more stable platform for the guns, and allowed the system to carry much more ammunition (1,200 rounds, as compared to the 600 carried by the AMX-13 version). The guns were designed to fire in 5-round or 15-round bursts, with a cyclic rate of fire of 650 rounds per minute. They were controlled by an analogue computer, receiving information from a

2141: 1710: 1863:. This disposition gave the French commander greater autonomy, and also lessened the likelihood of encountering Iraqi T-72s, which were superior both to the AMX-10RCs and the AMX-30B2s. With the beginning of the ground offensive of 24 February 1991, French forces moved to attack its first target, "Objective Rochambeau", which was defended by a brigade from the Iraqi 45th Infantry Division. A raid by 1644: 1390: 1293: 805: 506: 960:) G2 explosive reactive boxes with a total weight of 1.7 metric tons (1.9 short tons), offering a protection equivalent to 400 millimeters (16 in) of steel at 60° versus shaped charges and more than 100 millimeters (3.9 in) of steel versus kinetic energy projectiles such as APFSDS. During the 1990s, the AMX-30 has also been used as a testbed for several 1301:

version also came devoid of the pressurized air filtering system, and moved the smaller 7.62-millimeter (0.300 in) machine gun into the coaxial position and the larger 12.7-millimeter (0.50 in) M2 to the turret roof. Another version was considered for the French Army, adopting a 142-millimeter (5.6 in) tank gun able to fire the supersonic

575: 1851:("4th Dragoon Regiment") was also sent to the region with a complement of 44 AMX-30B2s. Experimentally, a new regimental organisational structure was used, with three squadrons of thirteen tanks, a command tank and six reserve vehicles, instead of the then normal strength of 52 units. Also six older AMX-30Bs were deployed, fitted with Soviet 586:

with a host of low-cost light, but relatively powerfully armed tanks, their quantity compensating for a lack of full armament parity with the latest medium tanks. The prospect of delivering many thousands of these to the Germans induced the French to adopt the idea and plan to create light tank "Type 67" armoured divisions, for which the

828:, could penetrate up to 400 millimeters (16 in) of steel armour and was effective against tanks at up to 3,000 meters (3,300 yd). As it combined a good accuracy with a penetration that was independent of range, it has been considered an "ideal round" for its day The AMX-30 was also designed to fire the OE F1 Mle.60 1779:, the former placed an order for 46 tanks, although this was later cut short to 21 when the contract was canceled by the French government in 1981. In 1982, Cyprus acquired a total of 16 AMX-30B2s and a single AMX-30D, and later ordered another 36 AMX-30B2s. Total production of the AMX-30 and variants totaled 3,571 units. 502:

design. While 600 were planned, only 60 were ultimately produced by 1950. That year, these were issued to the French Army's 503rd Tank Regiment. Given that the ARL 44 had been considered only a stop-gap vehicle for the French Army's armoured forces since inception, work on a new tank had begun as early as March 1945.

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to produce artillery shells, although by 1952 the factory had begun producing armoured fighting vehicles. Before producing the AMX-30, for example, it had made 1,900 AMX-13s and variants. The Roanne factory was responsible for final assembly, most components were made elsewhere: the powerplant by the

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fire control system. This system had already been installed on the AMX-13, in lieu of a heavier chassis, using a turret designated the S 401 A. Although this particular vehicle began production in 1962, the appearance of the AMX-30 offered a larger chassis to which the S 401 A turret could be mounted

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was finished in 1968, it was not until 1971 that the vehicle was evaluated. At the end of the evaluations in September 1971, a pre-series of five vehicles was ordered, resulting in a new period of evaluations beginning on 16 October 1972. In 1975, the AMX-30H was declared standard in the French Army,

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The AMX-30 has a number of different variations, including a number of other armoured vehicles based on the same chassis. A simplified version of the tank, without the infrared searchlight and periscopes and a less complex commander's cupola was developed for export, known as the "basic AMX-30". This

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and a low-light TV (LLTV). The main gun's lethality was improved with the introduction of a new armour piercing fin stabilized discarding sabot (APFSDS). The original engine was exchanged for an improved variant, known as the HS-110.2, producing 680 horsepower (510 kW). The poor transmission was

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prototypes, were completed in June 1966, manufactured with a welded and cast hull and a fully cast turret. The production version of the tank had a combat weight of 36 metric tons (40 short tons). The AMX-30's survivability was based on its mobility; French engineers believed that the tank's mobility

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With the demise of the 100-millimeter (3.9 in) AMX 50 program in 1951, France temporarily officially abandoned the thought of producing a medium tank. It was expected that West Germany would soon be allowed to rearm, and the Germans had appeared to entertain the concept of equipping their forces

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to complement their existing fleet of M47 and M48 Patton tanks. Ultimately, Spain opted for the AMX-30 for a variety of reasons, including British unwillingness to sell the L7 tank gun to a fascist regime and the French offer to allow the AMX-30 to be manufactured in Spain. Spain ordered 19 tanks in

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The vehicle carries 42 rounds of ammunition, with combustible cartridge cases. The origins of the decision to design a self-propelled howitzer can be traced back to 1969, with the first prototype completed in 1972. By 1979, seven prototypes had been produced, and six pre-series vehicles, followed by

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transmission (now RENK France), with a torque converter. The suspension was improved by adopting new torsion bars and shocks, which increased the vertical deflection range of the road wheels, thereby improving the tank's off-road mobility. From 1998, the French army started to replace the engines of

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of at least 30 horsepower (22 kW)/metric ton and a road range of at least 350 kilometres (220 mi). In May, Italy joined the project, though only nominally, without any material contribution, because after the war it had no tank design bureaus. That same year, on 28 November, the French and

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nation. Named the Palmier Contract, Saudi Arabia's tanks were delivered between 1973 and 1979, while 59 AMX-30Ds were exported between 1975 and 1979, 12 AMX-30Ps between 1977 and 1979, and finally 51 self-propelled howitzers, delivered between 1979 and 1980. Between 1979 and 1981, Saudi Arabia also

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France eventually also failed to obtain orders from the remaining two FINABEL nations, Belgium and the Netherlands: the Dutch did not even test the type and the Belgians ordered the Leopard when France refused to allow partial component production of the AMX-30 in Belgium, fearing it would increase

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The production version of the AMX-30 was fitted with Hispano-Suiza's HS-110 diesel engine, located in the rear of the hull. The 28.8 liters (1,760 cu in) engine could be replaced on the field in 45 minutes, and produced 720 horsepower (540 kW), offering the tank a maximum velocity of

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in an effort to design a standardized tank. Although the three nations agreed to a series of specific characteristics that the new tank should have, and both France and Germany began work on distinctive prototypes with the intent of testing them and combining the best of both, the program failed as

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Originally, 300 AMX-30s were ordered by the French Army, and by 1971 the order had been increased to 900, divided between eight batches, including all variants based on the chassis. Beginning in 1966, ten AMX-30s were assembled per month, and the first five were issued in August 1966 to the 501st

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projectile, the SCC F1 training warhead and the OFUM PH-105 F1 smoke round. The main gun was coupled with a 380-millimeter (15 in) recoil brake, which had a maximum extension of 400 millimeters (16 in), and could depress to −8 degrees or elevate to 20 degrees. The turret's firepower was

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to indicate its common European nature, and experts from all countries were involved in the design process. The specifications (FINABEL 3A5) for the new tank called for a lightweight and mobile battle tank, setting the weight limit to 30 metric tons (33 short tons) and compromising the ability to

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was specially designed. A private enterprise design aimed at fulfilling the same requirement was the somewhat larger Char Batignolles-Châtillon. A derived medium tank prototype of the latter, made in 1955, proved that it was possible to produce a tank with a first-rate gun and frontally protected

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The Roland includes a rectangular superstructure, taller than that of both the AMX-30D and the Pluton, which houses the radar system and mounts two launching tubes on either side, with an autoloading system feeding from an eight missile reserve inside the superstructure. The Roland's exploration

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originally placed an order for 142 tanks in 1972, although this was later reduced to 82 and four AMX-30Ds. In the mid-1980s, Venezuela adopted a modernization plan for its deprecated AMX-30s, opting to replace the original engine with a new Continental AVDS-1790-5A diesel engine, producing 908

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in 1963. In 1964, the program was suspended and instead the French Army opted for a missile with a longer range, able to be mounted on the AMX-30. A contract to develop the system was established in 1968. The first prototype was soon delivered and testing occurred between July and August 1970,

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HL-230 575 horsepower (429 kW) engine, and armed with a 90-millimetre (3.5 in) tank gun. Although the 48-metric-ton (53-short-ton) vehicle was comparable to contemporary battle tanks in firepower and engine power, it suffered from distinct disadvantages, including an antiquated track

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to produce in Germany a common type of munition of sufficient quality. Suggestions to save the project by combining the French turret with the German chassis failed. As a result, the program was cancelled and the French and Germans definitely decided to adopt their two separate tanks.

3907:"RAPPORT AU NOM DE LA COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉTRANGÈRES SUR LE PROJET DE LOI, adopté par le Sénat, autorisant l'approbation de l'accord entre le Gouvernement de la République française et le Gouvernement de la République d'Irak relatif à la coopération dans le domaine de la défense" 672:) and AMX head engineer Heissler, The first prototype was completed in September 1960 and tested from February 1961; the second, with an improved range finder and track was tested in July 1961. These first vehicles had a very rounded turret, in a deliberate imitation of the Soviet 3909:[REPORT ON BEHALF OF THE FOREIGN AFFAIRS COMMITTEE ON THE BILL, adopted by the Senate, authorizing the approval of the agreement between the Government of the French Republic and the Government of the Republic of Iraq relating to cooperation in the field of the defense] 1320:, as well as high explosive rounds. A prototype was finished in 1967 with a new cast turret, wide enough to hold the much larger armament. However, the high costs of the missiles forced the French Army to abandon the program in 1972. The vehicles based on the chassis include an 631:

on 12 February 1957, defined the requirements for the future tank. This included a maximum width of 3.15 metres (10.3 ft), a height of 2.15 metres (7.1 ft) and a 105-millimetre (4.1 in) tank gun, to be developed by the Franco-German military research institute at

781:. The seven 1963 prototypes of the AMX-30 were later rebuilt with the new diesel engine. Two further prototypes, meant to be direct preproduction vehicles, were delivered in November 1965. Besides the diesel engines, they had changed hull and turret casts and different 551:; specifically, the French Army was looking for a tank with the protection of the former and the firepower of the latter. Although the design borrowed from German tanks, including the Maybach 1,000 horsepower (750 kW) engine, based on an earlier model, and the 457:. By the end of production, 3,571 units of AMX-30s and its variants had been manufactured. Both Spain and Venezuela later began extensive modernization programs to extend the life of their vehicles and to bring their tanks up to more modern standards. In the 1991 704:

military organization. This caused a rift between France and West Germany, which then started to emphasize standardization with American equipment, especially in armament, and to follow the new NATO policy to use multifuel diesel engines. German defence minister

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used an outer shell, separated from the main charge by ball bearings, to allow the round to be spin stabilized by the gun without spinning the warhead inside which would disrupt jet formation. Mobility was provided by the 720 horsepower (540 kW) HS-110

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The self-propelled anti-aircraft gun began development in 1969 to provide this type of vehicle to the French Army and for export. Although ultimately none were ordered for France, in 1975 Saudi Arabia ordered an improved version (53 units,) denominated the

610:), founded in 1953 and consisting of representatives of the various General Staffs, drafted a set of specifications for a new medium tank to eventually replace their American and British tanks. That same year, Germany joined the workgroup, turning it into 362:

In 1979, due to issues caused by the transmission, the French Army began to modernize its fleet of tanks to AMX-30B2 standards, which included a new transmission, an improved engine and the introduction of a new OFL 105 F1 fin-stabilized

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allowing it a rate of fire of eight rounds per minute, with a maximum range of 30 kilometers (19 mi) with the LU211 round. The turret enables the gun to have an elevation of up to 66 degrees, and allows it to traverse a full 360

740:, had a better mobility and acceleration. The French government decided that it could not procure a new tank until 1965, while the Germans refused to adopt the Franco-German 105-millimeter (4.1 in) tank gun, in lieu of the 3510: 887:

During the production run, many improvements were implemented. These did not include gun stabilization from 1971, and from 1972 replacing the original coaxial heavy machine gun with a dual purpose 20-millimeter (0.79 in)

952:. Final upgrade was the purchase of 500 Renault RVI Mack E9 turbocharged diesel engines generating 750 hp These two tank regiments in peacetime were combined into a single one;, but the other two ANX-30 regiments, the 1737:

s delivered in two batches, between 1980 and 1989. By the 21st century, 50% of Saudi Arabia's AMX-30 fleet were in storage, given that the AMX-30 lacked the capabilities to deal with more modern threats, such as against

676:, and Sofam petrol engines. Another seven, with an improved sleeker turret cast, were manufactured between 1961 and 1963. Work on the German prototypes was carried out by two teams, including Team A composed of 563:, financial reasons and the arrival of military aid from the United States in the form of 856 M47 Patton tanks caused the original program to be abandoned. In 1951 it was decided to turn the program into a 892:

against light armour and helicopters, with the ability to depress to −8 degrees and elevate to 40 degrees. All French army vehicles were eventually brought to this newer standard; the designation remained

1462:) surface-to-air missile launching system, which began development in 1974. Five vehicles of a pre-series were completed by 1977 and then evaluated, prompting the order of 183 vehicles that same year. 657:

and on 17 June 1958 de Gaulle decided to refuse Germany and Italy the atomic bomb, to avoid antagonizing the US and United Kingdom. This made Germany lose much interest in a common tank project also.

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between five French and five German prototypes between August and October 1963, under Italian, Dutch, Belgian and American supervision. The French type had received a separate national designation:

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from Iraqi forces which had occupied it the night before. During the action, Qatari AMX-30s knocked out three Iraqi T-55s and captured four more. Two Qatari AMX-30 were lost during the battle.

916:("upgraded AMX-30"). In June 1979, the French Army decided to both build new and modernize existing AMX-30s with an improved fire control system and a new transmission, and designated them 536:(SOMUA). The new vehicle was based on the new post-war requirement for a single battle tank. The new vehicle was designated the AMX 50. Its hull and suspension were similar to that of the 912:

Beginning as early as 1973, only seven years after the beginning of production, the French began a research program for a future modification of the tank. The project was to result in a

1429:, which could be folded into an armoured box when not in use to protect from damage. The fire control depended on visual tracking, and so could only work in daylight and clear weather. 940:

Leclerc tank had already been ordered in the 1990s, however the AMX-30 continued to play a key role in the French army and two further up-grades were implemented in limited numbers for

1859:. The vehicles were all manned by professional crews, without conscripts. The Daguet Division was positioned to the West of the Coalition forces, to protect the left flank of the U.S. 1420:, for "défense contre avion".) Developed to defend against low-altitude attacks, the system included two Hispano-Suiza 30-millimeter (1.2 in) 831 A automatic guns, coupled to an 1694:

1970, and later agreed to manufacture another 180 tanks in Spain. In 1979, Spain began the production of a second batch of 100 tanks, completing a total of 299 AMX-30s issued to the

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a bilateral agreement was concluded between France and Germany to collaborate in building a tank. Though the other FINABEL nations did not formally participate, the type was called

1886:, and capturing numerous prisoners. The final objective was the As-Salman air base ("Objective White"), that was reported captured by 18:15, after a multi-pronged attack, with the 1449:

Three missile systems were developed to be mounted on the AMX-30 chassis. Recognizing the need for tactical nuclear missile mobile launchers, the French Army began developing the

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and France declared that it would postpone production until 1965. As a result, both nations decided to adopt tanks based on their own prototypes. The German tank became the

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s. The first new production vehicles were taken into service in January 1982. Improvements to the COTAC APX M-508 fire control system included the installation of a

3529: 929: 1608:; all these again used many subcontractors. In a series of corporate mergers under state guidance, most of these firms would eventually be concentrated into GIAT. 591:

with 80-millimeter (3.1 in) steel equivalence within a weight constraint of 30 metric tons (33 short tons). This revived interest in the medium tank concept.

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placed an order in 1977 for 64 tanks and a single armoured recovery vehicle, to complete an armoured brigade, in 1977. Due to political issues between Chile and

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agreed upon a contract which would allow both countries to produce two prototypes separately. The next year, however, the project suffered a first setback when

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Patton tanks. Although Saudi Arabia planned to procure more M1 tanks, it was unable to do so for financial reasons and the AMX-30 has still not been retired.

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main battle tank to replace the antiquated AMX-30. The first units to be outfitted with the new tank were the 501st and 503rd tank regiments, followed by the

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The prototypes of the AMX-30 weighed 32.5 metric tons (35.8 short tons), and were compact, with a width of 3.1 metres (10 ft), comparable only to the

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In 1972, France was able to gain a contract with Saudi Arabia over the purchase of 190 of the AMX-30S variant, designed for the desert environment of the

1510:, fast rate of fire) was developed based on the AMX-30 chassis to provide tactical artillery support to units in the French Army, who refer to it as the 6055: 4613: 1659:

at first considered licence production of AMX-30 hulls, while importing the turrets from France. Favouring heavier armour over mobility, Major-General

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in the immediate post-war. The French government's specifications for the new tank were strongly influenced by both the Panther tank and the heavier

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agreed to procure a total of 190 AMX-30s and 14 AMX-30Ds, making Greece the first foreign nation to purchase the French tank. Throughout the 1960s,

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acquired 250 units, now in reserve (also ordered 53 AMX-30 DCA, in the late 1970s, which may still be in reserve, and 12 AMX-30H bridgelayers.)

5670: 5397: 4640: 1620:). The last 35 new battle tanks were in 1989 ordered by Cyprus and the last new variant vehicles, a batch of twenty GCTs, in 1994 by France. 489:

in mid-1944. During the occupation, the French had secretly worked on an armour program that was, in 1944, taken over by the state workshop

4867: 3203: 6050: 5188: 2093:: 5 AMX-30D delivered in 1981, 127 AMX-30R SAM and 85 AMX AuF1 delivered in 1983/1985. No longer operational, and out of usage in the 6010: 956:, only had their tanks adapted for a possible relatively quick upgrade, in case of an emergency. The BRENUS system used 112 GIAT BS ( 4618: 5428: 4382: 571:; though three prototypes were built, this too was abandoned in 1956, mainly due to a failure to design a powerful enough engine. 38: 486: 1782:

Later many used vehicles were resold to other nations: in 2005 Cyprus had 102 AMX-30s (obtained from Greece) and 52 AMX-30B2s;

4358: 4237: 4199: 4130: 4054: 3974: 3706: 1875:

moved on to their next objective, "Chambord", where they reported destroying ten tanks, three BMPs, fifteen trucks and five

1678:

Less costly and easier to maintain, the AMX-30 has been preferred over the Leopard 1 by less affluent or developed nations.

6045: 5056: 4656: 3783: 3731: 1984:: In 1977, Qatar ordered 30 AMX-30Bs and 24 additional AMX-30B2s in 1987. As of 2019, 30 units are in service alongside 32 1860: 3943: 3866: 1833: 1325: 926: 1307: 5370: 5324: 5005: 4741: 4705: 465:. France and most other nations replaced their AMX-30s with more up-to-date equipment by the end of the 20th century. 5690: 4633: 4596: 4577: 4558: 4521: 4502: 4483: 4465:

Rudnick, David (April 1976). "Atlantic Relations: Policy Co-ordination and Conflict (The Case of the Leopard Tank)".

4455: 4436: 4330: 4311: 4292: 4256: 4218: 4180: 4161: 4111: 4092: 4073: 4031: 4012: 3993: 1632: 692:. Wood mock-ups were completed in 1959, while the first two prototypes were finished by 1961 (completed by Team A). 461:, AMX-30s were deployed by both the French and Qatari armies. Qatari AMX-30s saw action against Iraqi forces at the 1628: 4860: 6000: 5852: 5365: 5181: 5102: 4751: 1871:. Demoralized by heavy coalition bombardments, the Iraqi defenders rapidly surrendered. The following day, the 713:

decided to procure a purely national tank. In response, the same month the French government decided likewise.

579: 5276: 4266:

Hilmes, Rolf (January 1, 2001). "Battle Tanks for the Bundeswehr: Modern German Tank Development, 1956–2000".

3891: 2020:: 80 AMX-30V2 units from 82 AMX-30B purchased and 4 AMX-30D after upgrade (on modernization as January 2019). 5286: 4710: 1942:: 50 AMX-30Bs donated from UAE. Of those 36 AMX-30Bs in service, 14 AMX-30Bs in storage and for spare parts. 864:, "gurgle"); it could be quickly be lowered by winch into a reservoir and was equipped with an escape tube. 5421: 4626: 4045:

Saudi Arabia Enters the 21st Century: The Military and International Security Dimension, IV. The Saudi Army

3820: 1397: 905: 4799: 4781: 964:, including air cooling of hull surfaces and the use of visual camouflage. This prototype is known as the 636:. The new tank would have an air-cooled, petrol engine, a torsion bar suspension with hydraulic shocks, a 5967: 5625: 5117: 5107: 1386:

although none of these vehicles were ever ordered. 12 vehicles were purchased by the Saudi Arabian Army.

3871:

Infodefensa - Noticias de defensa, industria, seguridad, armamento, ejércitos y tecnología de la defensa

5301: 4997: 4853: 4791: 4771: 3735: 1617: 798: 700:

De Gaulle decided that France, though formally remaining a member, would no longer participate in the

555:

sprung road wheels, the AMX 50 also included a number of unique features. For example, it included an

5245: 5198: 5174: 5025: 4648: 1813: 1321: 482: 368: 364: 4845: 5773: 4917: 1317: 969: 379: 356: 339: 5982: 5414: 1474:

radar has a detection range of 16 kilometers (9.9 mi). The third missile system, called the

1329: 838: 32: 4912: 4804: 3000: 2940:

Nikolskiy, M.; Baryatinskiy, M. (2007). ""Леклерк" и другие французские основные боевые танки".

1864: 5892: 5588: 5263: 4974: 1939: 633: 560: 552: 383: 3906: 1479: 747:, of which they had already ordered 1,500 in the autumn of 1962, their plan having failed for 243: 6025: 5887: 4814: 4351:

The Illustrated Directory of Tanks and Fighting Vehicles: From World War I to the Present Day

3639: 849: 650: 637: 5942: 3967:

The Encyclopedia of Tanks and Armored Fighting Vehicles: From World War I to the Present Day

5166: 5097: 3207: 2655:

The gun was protected from bending with a magnesium alloy thermal sleeve; Ogorkiewicz, p. 8

2160: 1772: 1682: 1118: 980: 968:. Its hull and turret are fully covered by a superstructure built of angled plates made of 710: 709:

began to oppose the common tank project. In July 1963, the defence committee of the German

446: 5937: 4809: 4005:

World Encyclopaedia of the Tank: An International History of the Armoured Fighting Machine

1559: 8: 6021: 6017: 5700: 4776: 4192:

Great Book of Tanks: The World's Most Important Tanks from World War I to the Present Day

4149: 1883: 1517: 1014: 988: 706: 5720: 5695: 3845:"Rajoy autorizó venta de repuestos para tanques del Ejército venezolano pese al embargo" 2041:: 10 AMX-30B, 1 AMX-30D, 21 AMX-30B2. put into reserve in 2004 (current status unknown). 1827: 1794: 367:. Production of the AMX-30 also extended to a number of variants, including the AMX-30D 225: 5962: 5867: 5675: 5647: 5066: 4043: 3036: 2003: 1000: 961: 556: 3752:

Delalande, Arnaud (November 2015). "Retour sur l'intervention de la coalition arabe".

937:

its remaining AMX-30 tanks and variants with 500 Renault Mack E9 750 hp engines.

5977: 5972: 5811: 5738: 5496: 4922: 4834: 4829: 4824: 4592: 4573: 4554: 4547: 4517: 4498: 4479: 4451: 4432: 4406: 4354: 4326: 4307: 4288: 4271: 4252: 4233: 4214: 4195: 4176: 4157: 4126: 4107: 4088: 4069: 4050: 4027: 4008: 3989: 3970: 2090: 1837:("6th Light Armoured Division"), referred to for the duration of the conflict as the 1806:, where on 30 January 1991 they counter-attacked in an attempt to retake the city of 1095: 1088: 921: 744: 689: 681: 646: 372: 93: 3191: 736:. The trials indicated that the German type, on 1 October also getting its own name 401:

tank. In 1956, the French government entered a cooperative development program with

5801: 5486: 5469: 5449: 4819: 1803: 1450: 1393: 992: 984: 485:, clandestine research allowed the French to quickly recover lost ground after its 462: 376: 319: 49: 3801: 3710: 619: 5952: 5155: 5137: 4959: 4927: 4540:. Washington D.C., United States of America: History Division, U.S. Marine Corps. 2122: 1876: 1839: 933: 721: 5857: 4140:

Ferrari, Giorgio (October 1988). "The "Hows" and "Whys" of Armour Penetration".

1786:

32 AMX-30s (from the UAE). French strength had dwindled to about 250 AMX-30B2s.

1567:

in urban camouflage in 2016. The last 4 were withdrawn from service in 2017/2018

627:

heavily armour the vehicle. French and German engineers, during a conference in

5947: 5715: 5710: 5610: 5558: 4514:

Von der Zugmachine zum Leopard 2 – Geschichte der Wehrtechnik bei Krauss-Maffei

4377: 1668: 1664: 1459: 1437: 1050: 834: 829: 741: 717: 654: 208: 3954: 2944:(in Russian). Moscow: Редакция журнала "Моделист-конструктор". pp. 12–14. 1545:

The first prototype of an improved AMX-30 for the export market, known as the

6039: 5768: 5763: 5680: 5314: 5230: 4275: 3937:(in French). No. 60 third trimester. Brussels: L'A.S.B.L. "Tank Museum". 1426: 1105: 996: 872: 778: 684:, Luther & Jordan and Jung-Jungenthal . Team B was made up by Ruhrstahl, 352: 4410: 5882: 5630: 5615: 5605: 5481: 5329: 5220: 5132: 4720: 4690: 1999: 1695: 1624: 877: 771: 540: 478: 434: 402: 389:

It was preceded by two post-war French medium tank designs. The first, the

4418:

Perez-Guerra, Jaime (1 April 1987). "Spanish AMX-30 MBT upgrade program".

5922: 5862: 5730: 5635: 5360: 5337: 5271: 5235: 5122: 5071: 5061: 5015: 4987: 4982: 4891: 4736: 4700: 4675: 4670: 1890:

attacking from the south. In all, the AMX-30s fired 270 main gun rounds.

1852: 1729: 1714: 1703: 1580: 1512: 1486: 1432: 1340: 782: 764: 748: 599: 544: 410:

Germany decided not to adopt the new French 105-millimetre (4.1 in)

331: 248: 5406: 1847:

of the cavalry reconnaissance regiments, but a heavy armoured unit, the

1465: 516:

Development of the new tank was offered to five separate manufacturers:

5932: 5927: 5917: 5912: 5907: 5788: 5748: 5743: 5657: 5526: 5521: 5501: 5319: 5291: 5010: 4756: 4270:. No. January–February 2001. Fort Knox, KY: US Army Armor Center. 2094: 1893:

In 2015, Saudi Arabia's AMX-30s and M1 Abrams tanks deployed along the

1761: 1660: 1537:

the production of 110 vehicles. This order was later increased to 190.

1521: 1020: 975:

In the late 1980s, a consortium of West German companies developed the

889: 607: 564: 398: 4549:

Modern Soviet Armor: Combat Vehicles of the USSR and Warsaw Pact Today

979:

modernization package for AMX-30B. The consortium itself consisted of

5826: 5816: 5778: 5758: 5753: 5640: 5563: 5553: 5516: 5511: 5506: 5491: 5352: 5225: 5048: 4875: 4685: 4344:(in French). Saumur: Centre de Documentations sur les Engins Blindés. 2017: 1985: 1956:: 52 AMX-30B2 in service. 61 AMX-30Gs have been retired from service. 1776: 1767: 1757: 1690: 1501: 1335: 1025: 948:. The first upgrade was an Explosive Reactive Armour package called 844: 767: 438: 415: 159: 4370:"Leclerc: New French Tank, Like the M1A2, Uses Digital Architecture" 3821:"España moderniza los tanques de Venezuela pese al embargo de la UE" 3730: 770:, and a height of 2.28 meters (7.5 ft), comparable only to the 5533: 5474: 5441: 4877: 4469:. London, United Kingdom: Royal Institute of International Affairs. 3530:

Defensa firma un contrato de 200 millones de euros con Finmeccanica

1905: 1844: 1004: 881: 755: 568: 458: 411: 228: 163: 97: 3707:"XVIII Airborne Corps Desert Storm Chronology 24–28 February 1991" 1720: 1528: 5872: 5705: 5620: 5543: 5462: 5309: 5127: 5038: 5033: 4695: 4024:

The Third Option, The Emancipation of European Defense, 1989–2000

3736:"Principaux matériels saoudiens engagés dans le conflit yéménite" 1967: 1753: 1699: 900: 774: 725: 685: 677: 611: 603: 548: 537: 525: 498: 430: 3544: 3542: 2292:

These were delivered between 1954 and 1956; Zaloga (1999), p. 13

1655:

Having in February 1964 decided to produce its own battle tank,

785:; the latter would again be changed in the production vehicles. 5957: 5902: 5897: 5847: 5842: 5837: 5796: 5665: 5538: 5386: 5281: 5092: 5087: 4943: 4896: 4766: 4534:

U.S. Marines in Battle: Al-Khafji, 28 January – 1 February 1991

3709:. United States Army Center of Military History. Archived from 3511:

Defensa gastar a 916 millones en destruir 480 carros de combate

2108: 2076: 2064: 2059: 2052: 1953: 1807: 1783: 1750: 1709: 1656: 1576: 1547: 1257: 729: 594:

In 1956, the WEU defence workgroup FINBEL (named after France,

587: 510: 494: 450: 422: 394: 390: 327: 334:

in August 1966. The first five tanks were issued to the 501st

5685: 5600: 5548: 4761: 4085:

Blindados en España 2ª Parte: La Dificil Postguerra 1939–1960

3539: 2146: 2133: 2128: 2038: 1981: 1686: 1643: 1389: 653:: the Paris treaty had as its main point developing a common 642: 595: 454: 442: 426: 406: 5196: 4041:

Cordesman, Anthony H.; Burke, Arleigh A. (30 October 2001).

1825:

The French participation in the Persian Gulf War, codenamed

1292: 497:, which began production in 1946. The tank was powered by a 5877: 5806: 5595: 5583: 5578: 5573: 5568: 5437: 5253: 5206: 4746: 4715: 3933:

Berthemy, Hubert (2000). "La Cavalerie Française en 2002".

1880: 1746: 1742: 1739: 1623:

In the late 1990s, the French Army began to accept the new

1044: 1039: 1034: 813: 701: 673: 628: 397:, was cancelled in the mid-1950s in favour of adopting the 303: 4040: 1489:; the launching vehicle was heavily based on the AMX-30R. 421:

As early as 1969, the AMX-30 and variants were ordered by

5342: 825: 804: 660:

The French prototypes were developed and produced by the

567:

project with an even larger 120-millimetre (4.7 in)

505: 4381:. Fort Benning, GA: US Army Armor Center. Archived from 1756:

tanks. These were largely displaced by an order for 315

433:). In the coming years, the AMX-30 would be exported to 4405:. Berkshire, United Kingdom: Profile Publications Ltd. 3784:"Le Qatar aurait commandé 100 chars Altay à la Turquie" 2111:: Many tanks were destroyed by Iraq during the Gulf war 1855:

provided by Germany from East German stocks, and named

1332:

missile launcher and a self-propelled artillery piece.

664:, under the direction of General Joseph Molinié of the 534:

Societé d'Outillage Mécanique et d'Usinage d'Artillerie

1724:

Prototype of AMX-30C2 sporting a 105mm rifled tank gun

1478:, was developed in 1975 for Saudi Arabia, to fire the 574: 4249:

Modern Israeli Tanks and Personnel Carriers 1985–2004

2939: 1843:. Most of its armoured component was provided by the 1802:

Qatari AMX-30s saw combat during the Gulf War at the

493:(ARL), resulting in the design and production of the 4320: 3941: 1579:. This heavy manufacturing factory was built during 1403: 4516:(in German). München: Bernard & Graefe Verlag. 4492: 4148: 4087:(in Spanish). Valladolid, Spain: Quiron Ediciones. 1516:. The 155-millimeter (6.1 in) howitzer was 40 1010: 788:The first production versions of the AMX-30, named 260:

680 hp (510 kW)-720 hp (540 kW)

4546: 4063: 4049:. Center for Strategic and International Studies. 4042: 3635:"Use has put France Leclerc tank to work in Yemen" 2920:. Jane's International Defense Review. p. 17. 2918:Lightweight add-on armour improves tank protection 4175:(2 ed.). Jane's Publishing Company Limited. 2495: 2493: 2491: 2489: 1760:Abrams tanks in 1989, and the acquisition of 450 820:One of the unique features of the AMX-30 was the 801:protection suit, including a ventilation system. 618:, "Germany" in French) and on 27 October 1956 at 6037: 4429:Iron Fist: Classic Armoured Warfare Case Studies 4068:. London, United Kingdom: Barrie & Jenkins. 3124: 3122: 666:Direction des Études et Fabrications d'Armements 418:, while the French prototype became the AMX-30. 174:9.48 m (31 ft 1 in) (gun forward) 3942:Biass, Eric H.; Doug Richardson (1 June 2003). 3422: 3420: 3320: 3318: 3085: 3083: 3073: 3071: 3061: 3059: 2866: 2864: 2862: 2860: 2624: 2622: 2620: 2589: 2587: 2585: 2554: 2552: 2550: 2449: 2447: 1663:discontinued negotiations with France when the 1492: 1346: 4476:Certain Victory: The U.S. Army in the Gulf War 4431:. London, United Kingdom: Brockhampton Press. 3227: 3225: 2695: 2693: 2486: 2270: 2268: 2266: 2192: 2190: 2188: 2186: 481:temporarily interrupted French development of 324:Ateliers de construction d'Issy-les-Moulineaux 5422: 5182: 4861: 4634: 3986:Modern Armour: The World's Battle Tanks Today 3892:"Forecast International: Intelligence Center" 3867:"Chile, de compras desde la década de los 80" 3674: 3672: 3670: 3668: 3119: 822:Obus à Charge Creuse de 105 mm Modèle F1 716:Comparative trials were nevertheless held at 662:Atelier de Construction d'Issy-les-Moulineaux 518:Atelier de Construction d'Issy-les-Moulineaux 4553:. Edinburgh, United Kingdom: Prentice Hall. 4417: 4101: 4082: 3596: 3417: 3315: 3080: 3068: 3056: 2857: 2779: 2777: 2617: 2582: 2566: 2564: 2547: 2444: 2437: 2435: 2433: 2431: 2429: 2351: 2349: 2347: 2345: 2343: 2341: 2339: 2337: 2318: 2316: 2314: 2312: 2224: 2222: 2220: 1733:received 52 AMX-30SAs and later 50 AMX-30C1 1354:The armoured recovery vehicle, known as the 670:Direction Technique des Armements Terrestres 393:, was an interim tank. Its replacement, the 4730:Artillery, transport and combat engineering 4511: 4495:Tanks of the World – Taschenbuch der Panzer 4493:Senger und Etterlin, Ferdinand von (1990). 4400: 4156:. Macdonald and Jane's Publishers Limited. 3243: 3222: 2814: 2812: 2690: 2479: 2477: 2302: 2300: 2298: 2263: 2247: 2245: 2243: 2183: 2134:Spanish transition to democracy (1975–1982) 1667:agreed to allow licensed production of the 1365: 759:One of the two 1965 pre-production vehicles 359:adversely affected the tank's performance. 6006: 5429: 5415: 5189: 5175: 4868: 4854: 4641: 4627: 4232:. London, United Kingdom: Harper Collins. 4144:(10/1988). Moench Verlagsgesellschaft Mbh. 3665: 2802: 2800: 2798: 2674: 2672: 2670: 2374: 2372: 2370: 1114:125 mm (4.9 in) D-68 smoothbore 1111:115 mm (4.5 in) U-5T smoothbore 6056:Military vehicles introduced in the 1960s 6011:List of modern armoured fighting vehicles 5436: 4876:French armoured fighting vehicles of the 4589:T-54 and T-55 Main Battle Tanks 1944–2004 4401:Ogorkiewicz, Richard M. (December 1973). 3751: 3020: 3016: 3014: 2774: 2637:Miller, p. 88; de Mazarrasa (1990), p. 28 2601: 2599: 2561: 2426: 2334: 2309: 2217: 1101:105 mm (4.1 in) L/56 F1 rifled 4497:. Koblenz: Bernard & Graefe Verlag. 4321:Lathrop, Richard; John McDonald (2003). 3932: 3818: 2809: 2474: 2295: 2240: 2079:: 190 units, some transferred to Cyprus. 1904: 1812: 1793: 1719: 1708: 1642: 1558: 1532:AMX-32 at Saumur Général Estienne museum 1527: 1464: 1431: 1388: 1334: 1291: 899: 880:, during military operations before the 871: 843: 803: 754: 573: 504: 39:U.S. Army Armor & Cavalry Collection 4530: 4464: 4445: 4426: 4367: 4342:Les Chars Français du Musée des Blindés 4282: 4246: 4190:Foss, Christopher F. (4 January 2003). 4154:Jane's World Armoured Fighting Vehicles 4139: 4120: 3864: 3781: 3628: 3626: 2795: 2667: 2367: 1689:had considered both the AMX-30 and the 6038: 4586: 4567: 4544: 4473: 4348: 4265: 4211:Jane's Armour and Artillery, 2005–2006 4007:. Somerset: Patrick Stephens Limited. 3964: 3766: 3633:Roblin, Sebastien (13 November 2020). 3632: 3011: 2596: 1713:A close-up view of an AMX-30's turret 944:which was made up of 2 Tank Regiments 695: 522:Forges et Chantiers de la Méditerranée 278:Semi-automatic SESM ENC200 on AMX-30B2 5410: 5170: 4849: 4622: 4339: 4301: 4064:Crow, Duncan; Robert J. Icks (1975). 4021: 4002: 3983: 3904: 3741:(in French) – via disclose.ngo. 3023:Patton: A History of the American MBT 1444: 1061:47.62 metric tons (52.49 short tons) 198:4 (commander, gunner, loader, driver) 5398:Armoured fighting vehicles of France 5057:Mk 61 105 mm self-propelled howitzer 4285:Leopard 1 Main Battle Tank 1965–1995 4227: 4208: 4189: 4170: 4123:Chieftain Main Battle Tank 1965–2003 3769:"Nigerian Armed Forces – defenceWeb" 3732:Direction du renseignement militaire 3623: 1925: 1602:Manufacture d'Armes de Saint-Étienne 1600:, the cupola and machine-gun by the 1326:self-propelled anti-aircraft vehicle 102:Saudi Arabian–Yemeni border conflict 4420:Jane's International Defence Review 3760: 2024: 1867:paved the way for an attack by the 1647:A Spanish AMX-30 on display at the 1064:41.5 metric tons (45.7 short tons) 649:took power in France, creating the 13: 4591:. Oxford, United Kingdom: Osprey. 4572:. Oxford, United Kingdom: Osprey. 4450:. Oxford, United Kingdom: Osprey. 4325:. Oxford, United Kingdom: Osprey. 4287:. Oxford, United Kingdom: Osprey. 4251:. Oxford, United Kingdom: Osprey. 3782:Lagneau, Laurent (13 March 2019). 3754:Défense et Sécurité Internationale 2915: 1606:Atelier de Construction de Puteaux 1598:Atelier de Construction de Bourges 1586:Atelier de Construction de Limoges 1571:AMX-30 production occurred at the 1263:109 mm (4.3 in) at 65° 14: 6067: 6051:Main battle tanks of the Cold War 4607: 4478:. Washington DC, USA: Brassey's. 3988:. London: Arms and Armour Press. 3905:Nesme, Jean-Marc (2 March 2011). 3819:González, Miguel (January 2019). 1789: 1594:Atelier de Construction de Tarbes 1573:Atelier de Construction de Roanne 1275:102 mm (4.0 in) at 60° 1236:60 mm (2.4 in) rounded 925:replaced with the semi-automatic 190:2.28 m (7 ft 6 in) 182:3.1 m (10 ft 2 in) 6005: 5996: 5995: 4650: 4306:(in French). Boulogne: E.T.A.I. 4106:(in Spanish). Aldaba Ediciones. 3898: 3884: 3858: 3837: 3812: 3794: 3775: 3745: 3724: 3699: 3690: 3681: 3656: 3647: 3614: 3605: 3587: 3578: 3569: 3560: 3551: 3520: 3501: 3492: 3483: 3474: 3465: 3456: 3447: 3438: 3429: 3408: 3399: 3390: 3381: 3372: 3363: 3354: 3345: 3336: 3327: 3306: 3297: 3288: 3279: 3270: 3261: 2153: 2139: 2127: 2115: 2101: 2083: 2069: 2058: 2045: 2031: 2010: 1992: 1974: 1960: 1946: 1932: 1485:, developed and manufactured by 1469:A GCT in service of Saudi Arabia 1339:Right side of an AMX-30D of the 1272:97 mm (3.8 in) at 58° 1269:80 mm (3.1 in) at 68° 1266:70 mm (2.8 in) at 60° 1152:Road range (integral fuel) 1011:Comparison to contemporary tanks 867: 799:nuclear, biological and chemical 641:German ministries of defence in 491:Atelier de Construction de Rueil 286:Torsion bar with shock absorbers 213:80 mm (3.1 in) maximum 31: 3252: 3234: 3206:. July 15, 2014. Archived from 3196: 3185: 3176: 3167: 3158: 3149: 3140: 3131: 3110: 3101: 3092: 3047: 3029: 2993: 2984: 2975: 2966: 2957: 2948: 2933: 2924: 2909: 2900: 2891: 2882: 2873: 2848: 2839: 2830: 2821: 2786: 2765: 2756: 2747: 2738: 2729: 2720: 2711: 2702: 2681: 2658: 2649: 2640: 2631: 2608: 2573: 2538: 2529: 2520: 2511: 2502: 2465: 2456: 2417: 2408: 2399: 2390: 2381: 2358: 2325: 2286: 2277: 2149:: 299 AMX-30E, retired in 2002. 1798:Two French AMX-30s in Al-Salman 1440:surface-to-air missile launcher 1281:388 mm (15.3 in) LOS 1079:54 metric tons (60 short tons) 1076:38 metric tons (42 short tons) 1073:40 metric tons (44 short tons) 1070:36 metric tons (40 short tons) 1067:36 metric tons (40 short tons) 966:Démonstrateur Furtif à Chenille 837:12.7-millimeter (0.50 in) 258:Hispano-Suiza HS-110 multi-fuel 37:A former French AMX-30B at the 5103:Batignolles-Chatillon Char 25T 4368:Moncure, John (1 March 1997). 3969:. San Diego, CA: Thunder Bay. 3865:InfoDefensa, Revista Defensa. 3767:Martin, Guy (7 October 2013). 3593:de Mazarrasa (1990), pp. 72–73 3548:de Mazarrasa (1990), pp. 48–49 3498:de Mazarrasa (1990), pp. 83–84 3489:de Mazarrasa (1990), pp. 80–83 3480:de Mazarrasa (1990), pp. 79–80 3462:de Mazarrasa (1990), pp. 57–61 3369:de Mazarrasa (1990), pp. 47–48 3294:de Mazarrasa (1990), pp. 40–41 3267:de Mazarrasa (1990), pp. 39–40 3204:"The AMX-30H AVLB Bridgelayer" 3182:de Mazarrasa (1990), pp. 37–38 2646:de Mazarrasa (1990), pp. 21–22 2254: 2231: 2208: 2199: 2174: 1590:Ateliers et Forges de la Loire 1233:250 mm (9.8 in) LOS 139: 82: 1: 4230:Jane's Tank Recognition Guide 4228:Foss, Christopher F. (2006). 4209:Foss, Christopher F. (2005). 4171:Foss, Christopher F. (1986). 4102:de Mazarrasa, Javier (1990). 4083:de Mazarrasa, Javier (1994). 2954:Lathrop & McDonald, p. 28 2942:Бронеколлекция 2007 № 05 (74) 2930:Biass & Richardson, p. 62 2167: 1588:, the full armour set by the 1554: 1314:Anti-Char Rapide Autopropulsé 1278:430 mm (17 in) LOS 904:An AMX-30B2 BRENUS. Note the 792:to distinguish them from the 543:, which had been used by the 509:AMX 50 at the tank museum in 468: 330:) and first delivered to the 5113:Canon Automoteur AMX 50 Foch 4570:The M47 and M48 Patton Tanks 4512:Spielberger, Walter (1980). 4323:M60 Main Battle Tank 1960–91 4302:Jeudy, Jean-Gabriel (1997). 4213:. Jane's Information Group. 3847:. Tal Cual. 31 December 2018 2283:de Mazarrasa (1990), pp. 8–9 2214:de Mazarrasa (1990), pp. 7–8 1900: 1831:, saw the deployment of the 1239:80.8 mm (3.18 in) 876:French AMX-30B2 deployed in 614:(the added "A" standing for 530:Societe Lorraine de Dietrich 375:system, a bridge-layer, the 342:(HEAT) warhead known as the 16:1966 French main battle tank 7: 6046:Main battle tanks of France 5302:Armoured personnel carriers 5108:Batignolles Chatillon 155mm 4998:Armoured personnel carriers 4657:Vehicles of the French Army 3333:Senger und Etterlin, p. 125 1614:Régiment de Chars de Combat 1503:canon automoteur de 155 GCT 1287: 1230:Armor (front turret plate) 1225:40 km/h (25 mph) 1222:60 km/h (37 mph) 1219:50 km/h (31 mph) 1216:50 km/h (31 mph) 1213:65 km/h (40 mph) 1210:65 km/h (40 mph) 1207:48 km/h (30 mph) 942:French rapid reaction force 355:, although the troublesome 336:Régiment de Chars de Combat 118:; 65 years ago 10: 6072: 5246:Infantry fighting vehicles 5199:armoured fighting vehicles 5026:Infantry fighting vehicles 5006:Véhicule de l'Avant Blindé 4792:French Army Light Aviation 4587:Zaloga, Steven J. (2004). 4568:Zaloga, Steven J. (1999). 4545:Zaloga, Steven J. (1979). 4474:Scales, Robert H. (1998). 4026:. Westport, USA: Praeger. 4003:Chant, Cristopher (1996). 3984:Caiti, Pierangelo (1978). 3944:"Time for Shifting Gears?" 3925: 3915:www.assemblee-nationale.fr 3602:de Mazarrasa (1990), p. 49 3536:, accessed 9 December 2008 3517:, accessed 9 December 2008 3426:de Mazarrasa (1990), p. 48 3324:de Mazarrasa (1990), p. 47 3276:de Mazarrasa (1990), p. 40 3249:de Mazarrasa (1990), p. 39 3231:de Mazarrasa (1990), p. 38 3164:de Mazarrasa (1990), p. 37 3146:de Mazarrasa (1990), p. 36 2845:de Mazarrasa (1990), p. 72 2792:de Mazarrasa (1990), p. 71 2735:de Mazarrasa (1990), p. 27 2726:de Mazarrasa (1990), p. 26 2708:de Mazarrasa (1990), p. 24 2699:de Mazarrasa (1990), p. 22 2687:de Mazarrasa (1990), p. 23 2614:de Mazarrasa (1990), p. 28 1834:6e Division Légère Blindée 1651:Museum of Armored Vehicles 1245:242 mm (9.5 in) 1242:203 mm (8.0 in) 1199:750 hp (560 kW) 1196:700 hp (520 kW) 1193:580 hp (430 kW) 1190:580 hp (430 kW) 1187:720 hp (540 kW) 1184:830 hp (620 kW) 1181:750 hp (560 kW) 1173:500 km (310 mi) 1170:500 km (310 mi) 1167:450 km (280 mi) 1164:500 km (310 mi) 1161:600 km (370 mi) 1158:600 km (370 mi) 1155:480 km (300 mi) 1117:120 mm (4.7 in) 1104:100 mm (3.9 in) 1094:105 mm (4.1 in) 1087:105 mm (4.1 in) 580:Char Batignolles-Châtillon 483:armoured fighting vehicles 308:65 km/h (40 mph) 5991: 5825: 5787: 5729: 5656: 5448: 5395: 5379: 5351: 5300: 5262: 5244: 5205: 5151: 5080: 5047: 5024: 4996: 4973: 4952: 4936: 4905: 4884: 4790: 4729: 4663: 4283:Jerchel, Michael (1995). 2414:de Mazarrasa (1990), p. 9 2228:de Mazarrasa (1990), p. 8 2205:de Mazarrasa (1990), p. 7 1638: 1540: 1322:armoured recovery vehicle 1296:The AMX 30 ACRA prototype 1251:390 mm (15 in) 1248:450 mm (18 in) 369:armoured recovery vehicle 365:kinetic energy penetrator 302: 298:600 km (370 mi) 290: 282: 272: 264: 254: 234: 217: 207: 202: 194: 186: 178: 170: 154: 149: 138: 130: 112: 107: 89: 76: 68: 63: 56:Place of origin 55: 45: 30: 23: 5963:Vickers MBT Mk 4 Valiant 4446:Rottman, Gordon (1993). 4173:Jane's Main Battle Tanks 4104:Carro de Combate AMX-30E 3025:. Presidio. p. 440. 3021:Hunnicutt, R.P. (1984). 2163:: 45 units, now retired. 1698:; these were designated 1318:anti-tank guided missile 1204:Maximum speed (on road) 970:radar absorbent material 380:tactical nuclear missile 340:high-explosive anti-tank 5118:Canon D’Assaut Lorraine 4427:Perrett, Bryan (1995). 4247:Gelbart, Marsh (2004). 4121:Dunstan, Simon (2003). 4022:Cogan, Charles (2001). 3037:"T-64 Main Battle Tank" 3005:www.militaryfactory.com 1879:with the assistance of 839:M2 Browning machine gun 72:1966–2011 (French Army) 4614:MAQUETLAND AMX-30 Page 4448:Armies of the Gulf War 4349:Miller, David (2000). 4340:Mercillon, Patrick H. 3965:Bishop, Chris (2006). 3756:(in French) (119): 63. 3258:Ogorkiewicz, pp. 19–20 3240:Ogorkiewicz, pp. 18–19 3173:Ogorkiewicz, pp. 16–18 3137:Ogorkiewicz, pp. 14–16 1940:Bosnia and Herzegovina 1922: 1869:4e Régiment de Dragons 1849:4e Régiment de Dragons 1822: 1799: 1725: 1717: 1652: 1635:Cuirassier Regiments. 1604:and the optics by the 1568: 1533: 1470: 1441: 1400: 1343: 1297: 985:Krupp Atlas Elektronik 909: 908:mounted on the turret. 884: 852: 817: 760: 582: 561:Western European Union 513: 384:surface-to-air missile 6026:Tanks in the Cold War 5888:M8 armored gun system 5380:Experimental vehicles 4531:Westermeyer, Paul W. 4467:International Affairs 4125:. Osprey Publishing. 4066:Encyclopedia of Tanks 3734:(25 September 2018). 3640:The National Interest 3435:Rudnick, pp. 199, 203 2753:Ogorkiewicz, pp. 9–10 1908: 1816: 1797: 1723: 1712: 1646: 1562: 1531: 1508:Grande Cadence de Tir 1468: 1435: 1392: 1338: 1295: 958:Brique de Surblindage 903: 875: 850:Bovington Tank Museum 847: 807: 758: 638:power-to-weight ratio 577: 508: 5098:AMX Chasseur de Char 4353:. Osceola, WI: MBI. 3960:on 25 February 2009. 3951:Armada International 3584:Cordesman, pp. 16–17 3575:Cordesman, pp. 13–14 3557:Cordesman, pp. 11–12 3471:Pérez-Guerra, p. 500 3453:Rudnick, pp. 203–204 3210:on December 31, 2017 2990:Zaloga (1979), p. 20 2981:Zaloga (2004), p. 29 2387:Ogorkiewicz, pp. 3–5 2260:Ogorkiewicz, pp. 2–3 2161:United Arab Emirates 1861:XVIII Airborne Corps 1773:United Arab Emirates 1683:Greek military junta 1596:, the cannon by the 1592:, the turret by the 1416:(first known as the 1406:défense contre avion 962:stealth technologies 946:1er and 2e Chasseurs 475:occupation of France 447:United Arab Emirates 6022:Tank classification 6018:History of the tank 5067:Creusot Loire Mk 61 4150:Christopher F. Foss 4142:Military Technology 3342:Foss (1986), p. 167 3098:Foss (1986), p. 138 2888:Foss (2003), p. 429 2526:Spielberger, p. 117 2499:Spielberger, p. 128 2364:Spielberger, p. 124 2331:Spielberger, p. 113 1865:Gazelle helicopters 1706:anti-tank vehicle. 1375:AMX-30H bridgelayer 1324:, a bridgelayer, a 707:Franz Josef Strauss 696:Development history 532:(SLD-Lorraine) and 425:, soon followed by 244:20 mm modèle F2 gun 5943:Spähpanzer SP I.C. 5868:Expeditionary Tank 5676:M41 Walker Bulldog 4403:AMX-30 Battle Tank 3620:Westermeyer, p. 27 3611:Foss (2005), p. 32 3378:Foss (2005), p. 27 3285:Orgokiewicz, p. 20 3155:Ogorkiewicz, p. 16 3128:Ogorkiewicz, p. 14 3107:Foss (1976), p. 16 3089:Foss (1986), p. 87 3077:Foss (1986), p. 94 3065:Foss (1986), p. 40 2972:Ogorkiewicz, p. 20 2870:Foss (2005), p. 30 2827:Foss (1986), p. 24 2744:Ogorkiewicz, p. 10 2628:Foss (1986), p. 28 2605:Foss (1976), p. 14 2423:Foss (1986), p. 21 2180:Foss (2006), p. 30 2004:Saudi Arabian Army 1923: 1823: 1800: 1726: 1718: 1653: 1569: 1534: 1471: 1445:AMX-30R and Pluton 1442: 1401: 1360:Dépanneur-Niveleur 1349:Dépanneur-Niveleur 1344: 1298: 1001:ZF Friedrichshafen 932:2016-02-01 at the 910: 885: 853: 818: 812:), representing a 761: 686:Rheinstahl-HANOMAG 583: 557:oscillating turret 514: 108:Production history 6033: 6032: 5978:WZ-132 light tank 5973:WZ-111 heavy tank 5938:Spähpanzer Ru 251 5497:CM-11 Brave Tiger 5404: 5403: 5164: 5163: 4843: 4842: 4360:978-0-7603-0892-9 4239:978-0-00-718326-5 4201:978-0-7603-1475-3 4132:978-1-84176-719-2 4056:978-0-275-97997-3 3976:978-1-59223-626-8 3806:Weaponsystems.net 3312:Miller, pp. 90–93 2717:Ogorkiewicz, p. 9 2593:Ogorkiewicz, p. 8 2558:Ogorkiewicz, p. 6 2453:Ogorkiewicz, p. 5 2396:Hilmes, pp. 16–17 2274:Ogorkiewicz, p. 3 2237:Miller, pp. 84–85 2196:Ogorkiewicz, p. 2 1926:Current operators 1897:. Two were lost. 1895:border with Yemen 1396:tactical nuclear 1285: 1284: 993:Wegmann & Co. 922:laser rangefinder 860:(from the French 745:Royal Ordnance L7 682:Maschinenbau Kiel 668:(DEFA, the later 647:Charles de Gaulle 373:anti-aircraft gun 312: 311: 6063: 6009: 6008: 5999: 5998: 5968:Vickers MBT Mk 7 5696:SK-105 Kürassier 5648:Vickers MBT Mk 3 5636:Vickers MBT Mk 1 5431: 5424: 5417: 5408: 5407: 5191: 5184: 5177: 5168: 5167: 4870: 4863: 4856: 4847: 4846: 4664:Armoured cavalry 4655: 4654: 4653: 4643: 4636: 4629: 4620: 4619: 4602: 4583: 4564: 4552: 4541: 4539: 4527: 4508: 4489: 4470: 4461: 4442: 4423: 4414: 4397: 4395: 4393: 4388:on 18 March 2022 4387: 4374: 4364: 4345: 4336: 4317: 4298: 4279: 4262: 4243: 4224: 4205: 4194:. Zenith Press. 4186: 4167: 4145: 4136: 4117: 4098: 4079: 4060: 4048: 4037: 4018: 3999: 3980: 3961: 3959: 3953:. Archived from 3948: 3938: 3935:Tank Museum News 3919: 3918: 3912: 3902: 3896: 3895: 3888: 3882: 3881: 3879: 3878: 3862: 3856: 3855: 3853: 3852: 3841: 3835: 3834: 3832: 3831: 3816: 3810: 3809: 3798: 3792: 3791: 3779: 3773: 3772: 3764: 3758: 3757: 3749: 3743: 3742: 3740: 3728: 3722: 3721: 3719: 3718: 3703: 3697: 3694: 3688: 3685: 3679: 3676: 3663: 3660: 3654: 3651: 3645: 3644: 3630: 3621: 3618: 3612: 3609: 3603: 3600: 3594: 3591: 3585: 3582: 3576: 3573: 3567: 3566:Cordesman, p. 11 3564: 3558: 3555: 3549: 3546: 3537: 3528: 3524: 3518: 3509: 3505: 3499: 3496: 3490: 3487: 3481: 3478: 3472: 3469: 3463: 3460: 3454: 3451: 3445: 3442: 3436: 3433: 3427: 3424: 3415: 3412: 3406: 3403: 3397: 3394: 3388: 3385: 3379: 3376: 3370: 3367: 3361: 3358: 3352: 3349: 3343: 3340: 3334: 3331: 3325: 3322: 3313: 3310: 3304: 3301: 3295: 3292: 3286: 3283: 3277: 3274: 3268: 3265: 3259: 3256: 3250: 3247: 3241: 3238: 3232: 3229: 3220: 3219: 3217: 3215: 3200: 3194: 3189: 3183: 3180: 3174: 3171: 3165: 3162: 3156: 3153: 3147: 3144: 3138: 3135: 3129: 3126: 3117: 3114: 3108: 3105: 3099: 3096: 3090: 3087: 3078: 3075: 3066: 3063: 3054: 3051: 3045: 3044: 3033: 3027: 3026: 3018: 3009: 3008: 2997: 2991: 2988: 2982: 2979: 2973: 2970: 2964: 2961: 2955: 2952: 2946: 2945: 2937: 2931: 2928: 2922: 2921: 2913: 2907: 2904: 2898: 2895: 2889: 2886: 2880: 2877: 2871: 2868: 2855: 2852: 2846: 2843: 2837: 2834: 2828: 2825: 2819: 2816: 2807: 2804: 2793: 2790: 2784: 2781: 2772: 2769: 2763: 2760: 2754: 2751: 2745: 2742: 2736: 2733: 2727: 2724: 2718: 2715: 2709: 2706: 2700: 2697: 2688: 2685: 2679: 2676: 2665: 2662: 2656: 2653: 2647: 2644: 2638: 2635: 2629: 2626: 2615: 2612: 2606: 2603: 2594: 2591: 2580: 2577: 2571: 2568: 2559: 2556: 2545: 2542: 2536: 2533: 2527: 2524: 2518: 2515: 2509: 2506: 2500: 2497: 2484: 2481: 2472: 2471:Jerchel, pp. 3–4 2469: 2463: 2460: 2454: 2451: 2442: 2439: 2424: 2421: 2415: 2412: 2406: 2405:Mercillon, p. 38 2403: 2397: 2394: 2388: 2385: 2379: 2376: 2365: 2362: 2356: 2353: 2332: 2329: 2323: 2320: 2307: 2304: 2293: 2290: 2284: 2281: 2275: 2272: 2261: 2258: 2252: 2249: 2238: 2235: 2229: 2226: 2215: 2212: 2206: 2203: 2197: 2194: 2181: 2178: 2159: 2157: 2156: 2145: 2143: 2142: 2132: 2131: 2121: 2119: 2118: 2107: 2105: 2104: 2089: 2087: 2086: 2075: 2073: 2072: 2063: 2062: 2051: 2049: 2048: 2037: 2035: 2034: 2025:Former operators 2016: 2014: 2013: 1998: 1996: 1995: 1980: 1978: 1977: 1966: 1964: 1963: 1952: 1950: 1949: 1938: 1936: 1935: 1919: 1913: 1909:AMX-30 operators 1828:Opération Daguet 1804:Battle of Khafji 1495:canon automoteur 1398:missile launcher 1330:tactical nuclear 1311: 1015: 463:Battle of Khafji 320:main battle tank 305: 276:Manual on AMX30B 226:105 mm Modèle F1 141: 126: 124: 119: 98:Persian Gulf War 50:Main battle tank 35: 26: 21: 20: 6071: 6070: 6066: 6065: 6064: 6062: 6061: 6060: 6036: 6035: 6034: 6029: 5987: 5953:T95 medium tank 5830: 5821: 5783: 5725: 5652: 5589:Lion of Babylon 5444: 5435: 5405: 5400: 5391: 5375: 5347: 5296: 5258: 5240: 5209:and light tanks 5201: 5195: 5165: 5160: 5156:Tanks in France 5147: 5138:Lorraine 155 mm 5076: 5043: 5020: 4992: 4969: 4948: 4932: 4901: 4880: 4874: 4844: 4839: 4786: 4725: 4659: 4651: 4649: 4647: 4610: 4605: 4599: 4580: 4561: 4537: 4524: 4505: 4486: 4458: 4439: 4391: 4389: 4385: 4372: 4361: 4333: 4314: 4304:Chars de France 4295: 4259: 4240: 4221: 4202: 4183: 4164: 4133: 4114: 4095: 4076: 4057: 4034: 4015: 3996: 3977: 3957: 3946: 3928: 3923: 3922: 3910: 3903: 3899: 3890: 3889: 3885: 3876: 3874: 3863: 3859: 3850: 3848: 3843: 3842: 3838: 3829: 3827: 3817: 3813: 3800: 3799: 3795: 3780: 3776: 3765: 3761: 3750: 3746: 3738: 3729: 3725: 3716: 3714: 3705: 3704: 3700: 3695: 3691: 3686: 3682: 3677: 3666: 3661: 3657: 3653:Perrett, p. 201 3652: 3648: 3631: 3624: 3619: 3615: 3610: 3606: 3601: 3597: 3592: 3588: 3583: 3579: 3574: 3570: 3565: 3561: 3556: 3552: 3547: 3540: 3526: 3525: 3521: 3507: 3506: 3502: 3497: 3493: 3488: 3484: 3479: 3475: 3470: 3466: 3461: 3457: 3452: 3448: 3444:Rudnick, p. 202 3443: 3439: 3434: 3430: 3425: 3418: 3413: 3409: 3404: 3400: 3395: 3391: 3386: 3382: 3377: 3373: 3368: 3364: 3359: 3355: 3350: 3346: 3341: 3337: 3332: 3328: 3323: 3316: 3311: 3307: 3302: 3298: 3293: 3289: 3284: 3280: 3275: 3271: 3266: 3262: 3257: 3253: 3248: 3244: 3239: 3235: 3230: 3223: 3213: 3211: 3202: 3201: 3197: 3190: 3186: 3181: 3177: 3172: 3168: 3163: 3159: 3154: 3150: 3145: 3141: 3136: 3132: 3127: 3120: 3115: 3111: 3106: 3102: 3097: 3093: 3088: 3081: 3076: 3069: 3064: 3057: 3052: 3048: 3041:www.inetres.com 3035: 3034: 3030: 3019: 3012: 2999: 2998: 2994: 2989: 2985: 2980: 2976: 2971: 2967: 2962: 2958: 2953: 2949: 2938: 2934: 2929: 2925: 2916:MH (May 1996). 2914: 2910: 2906:Berthemy, p. 17 2905: 2901: 2897:Berthemy, p. 18 2896: 2892: 2887: 2883: 2878: 2874: 2869: 2858: 2854:Simpkin, p. 106 2853: 2849: 2844: 2840: 2835: 2831: 2826: 2822: 2817: 2810: 2805: 2796: 2791: 2787: 2782: 2775: 2770: 2766: 2761: 2757: 2752: 2748: 2743: 2739: 2734: 2730: 2725: 2721: 2716: 2712: 2707: 2703: 2698: 2691: 2686: 2682: 2677: 2668: 2663: 2659: 2654: 2650: 2645: 2641: 2636: 2632: 2627: 2618: 2613: 2609: 2604: 2597: 2592: 2583: 2578: 2574: 2569: 2562: 2557: 2548: 2544:Simpkin, p. 139 2543: 2539: 2534: 2530: 2525: 2521: 2516: 2512: 2507: 2503: 2498: 2487: 2482: 2475: 2470: 2466: 2461: 2457: 2452: 2445: 2440: 2427: 2422: 2418: 2413: 2409: 2404: 2400: 2395: 2391: 2386: 2382: 2377: 2368: 2363: 2359: 2354: 2335: 2330: 2326: 2321: 2310: 2305: 2296: 2291: 2287: 2282: 2278: 2273: 2264: 2259: 2255: 2250: 2241: 2236: 2232: 2227: 2218: 2213: 2209: 2204: 2200: 2195: 2184: 2179: 2175: 2170: 2154: 2152: 2140: 2138: 2137: 2126: 2123:Francoist Spain 2116: 2114: 2102: 2100: 2084: 2082: 2070: 2068: 2057: 2046: 2044: 2032: 2030: 2027: 2011: 2009: 1993: 1991: 1975: 1973: 1961: 1959: 1947: 1945: 1933: 1931: 1928: 1921: 1917: 1915: 1911: 1903: 1840:Division Daguet 1817:One of the six 1792: 1675:the unit cost. 1641: 1575:in the town of 1563:French AMX-30B 1557: 1543: 1498: 1447: 1436:Left side of a 1409: 1371: 1352: 1305: 1290: 1013: 934:Wayback Machine 914:AMX 30 Valorisé 870: 848:AMX-30B at the 833:augmented by a 698: 471: 382:launcher and a 295: 293: 277: 259: 247:1× 7.62 mm NF1 246: 239: 237: 222: 220: 203: 122: 120: 117: 100: 96: 69:In service 64:Service history 41: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6069: 6059: 6058: 6053: 6048: 6031: 6030: 6014: 6013: 6003: 6001:Cold War tanks 5992: 5989: 5988: 5986: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5965: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5948:T92 light tank 5945: 5940: 5935: 5930: 5925: 5920: 5915: 5910: 5905: 5900: 5895: 5890: 5885: 5880: 5875: 5870: 5865: 5860: 5855: 5850: 5845: 5840: 5834: 5832: 5823: 5822: 5820: 5819: 5814: 5809: 5804: 5799: 5793: 5791: 5785: 5784: 5782: 5781: 5776: 5771: 5766: 5761: 5756: 5751: 5746: 5741: 5735: 5733: 5727: 5726: 5724: 5723: 5718: 5713: 5708: 5703: 5698: 5693: 5688: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5668: 5662: 5660: 5654: 5653: 5651: 5650: 5645: 5644: 5643: 5633: 5628: 5623: 5618: 5613: 5608: 5603: 5598: 5593: 5592: 5591: 5586: 5576: 5571: 5566: 5561: 5559:Stridsvagn 103 5556: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5530: 5529: 5519: 5514: 5509: 5504: 5499: 5494: 5489: 5484: 5479: 5478: 5477: 5467: 5466: 5465: 5454: 5452: 5446: 5445: 5434: 5433: 5426: 5419: 5411: 5402: 5401: 5396: 5393: 5392: 5390: 5389: 5383: 5381: 5377: 5376: 5374: 5373: 5368: 5363: 5357: 5355: 5349: 5348: 5346: 5345: 5340: 5335: 5332: 5327: 5322: 5317: 5312: 5306: 5304: 5298: 5297: 5295: 5294: 5289: 5284: 5279: 5274: 5268: 5266: 5260: 5259: 5257: 5256: 5250: 5248: 5242: 5241: 5239: 5238: 5233: 5228: 5223: 5218: 5212: 5210: 5203: 5202: 5197:Modern French 5194: 5193: 5186: 5179: 5171: 5162: 5161: 5159: 5158: 5152: 5149: 5148: 5146: 5145: 5140: 5135: 5130: 5125: 5120: 5115: 5110: 5105: 5100: 5095: 5090: 5084: 5082: 5078: 5077: 5075: 5074: 5069: 5064: 5059: 5053: 5051: 5045: 5044: 5042: 5041: 5036: 5030: 5028: 5022: 5021: 5019: 5018: 5013: 5008: 5002: 5000: 4994: 4993: 4991: 4990: 4985: 4979: 4977: 4971: 4970: 4968: 4967: 4962: 4956: 4954: 4950: 4949: 4947: 4946: 4940: 4938: 4934: 4933: 4931: 4930: 4925: 4920: 4915: 4909: 4907: 4903: 4902: 4900: 4899: 4894: 4888: 4886: 4882: 4881: 4873: 4872: 4865: 4858: 4850: 4841: 4840: 4838: 4837: 4832: 4827: 4822: 4817: 4812: 4807: 4802: 4796: 4794: 4788: 4787: 4785: 4784: 4779: 4774: 4769: 4764: 4759: 4754: 4749: 4744: 4739: 4733: 4731: 4727: 4726: 4724: 4723: 4718: 4713: 4708: 4703: 4698: 4693: 4688: 4683: 4678: 4673: 4667: 4665: 4661: 4660: 4646: 4645: 4638: 4631: 4623: 4617: 4616: 4609: 4608:External links 4606: 4604: 4603: 4597: 4584: 4578: 4565: 4559: 4542: 4528: 4522: 4509: 4503: 4490: 4484: 4471: 4462: 4456: 4443: 4437: 4424: 4415: 4398: 4378:ARMOR magazine 4365: 4359: 4346: 4337: 4331: 4318: 4312: 4299: 4293: 4280: 4263: 4257: 4244: 4238: 4225: 4219: 4206: 4200: 4187: 4181: 4168: 4162: 4146: 4137: 4131: 4118: 4112: 4099: 4093: 4080: 4074: 4061: 4055: 4038: 4032: 4019: 4013: 4000: 3994: 3981: 3975: 3962: 3939: 3929: 3927: 3924: 3921: 3920: 3897: 3883: 3857: 3836: 3811: 3793: 3774: 3759: 3744: 3723: 3698: 3696:Scales, p. 217 3689: 3680: 3664: 3662:Rottman, p. 26 3655: 3646: 3622: 3613: 3604: 3595: 3586: 3577: 3568: 3559: 3550: 3538: 3519: 3500: 3491: 3482: 3473: 3464: 3455: 3446: 3437: 3428: 3416: 3407: 3405:Dunstan, p. 13 3398: 3396:Moncure, p. 39 3389: 3387:Moncure, p. 38 3380: 3371: 3362: 3353: 3344: 3335: 3326: 3314: 3305: 3296: 3287: 3278: 3269: 3260: 3251: 3242: 3233: 3221: 3195: 3184: 3175: 3166: 3157: 3148: 3139: 3130: 3118: 3109: 3100: 3091: 3079: 3067: 3055: 3053:Gelbart, p. 21 3046: 3028: 3010: 2992: 2983: 2974: 2965: 2963:Jerchel, p. 28 2956: 2947: 2932: 2923: 2908: 2899: 2890: 2881: 2872: 2856: 2847: 2838: 2836:Bishop, p. 220 2829: 2820: 2808: 2794: 2785: 2773: 2764: 2755: 2746: 2737: 2728: 2719: 2710: 2701: 2689: 2680: 2666: 2664:Ferrari, p. 87 2657: 2648: 2639: 2630: 2616: 2607: 2595: 2581: 2572: 2560: 2546: 2537: 2528: 2519: 2510: 2501: 2485: 2473: 2464: 2455: 2443: 2425: 2416: 2407: 2398: 2389: 2380: 2366: 2357: 2333: 2324: 2308: 2294: 2285: 2276: 2262: 2253: 2239: 2230: 2216: 2207: 2198: 2182: 2172: 2171: 2169: 2166: 2165: 2164: 2150: 2112: 2098: 2091:Ba'athist Iraq 2080: 2055: 2042: 2026: 2023: 2022: 2021: 2007: 1989: 1971: 1957: 1943: 1927: 1924: 1916: 1910: 1902: 1899: 1791: 1790:Combat history 1788: 1730:Middle Eastern 1669:Chieftain tank 1665:United Kingdom 1640: 1637: 1556: 1553: 1542: 1539: 1520:long, and was 1497: 1491: 1451:Pluton missile 1446: 1443: 1408: 1402: 1379:Poseur de pont 1370: 1368:Poseur de pont 1364: 1351: 1345: 1289: 1286: 1283: 1282: 1279: 1276: 1273: 1270: 1267: 1264: 1261: 1253: 1252: 1249: 1246: 1243: 1240: 1237: 1234: 1231: 1227: 1226: 1223: 1220: 1217: 1214: 1211: 1208: 1205: 1201: 1200: 1197: 1194: 1191: 1188: 1185: 1182: 1179: 1178:Engine output 1175: 1174: 1171: 1168: 1165: 1162: 1159: 1156: 1153: 1149: 1148: 1145: 1142: 1139: 1136: 1133: 1130: 1127: 1123: 1122: 1115: 1112: 1109: 1102: 1099: 1092: 1085: 1081: 1080: 1077: 1074: 1071: 1068: 1065: 1062: 1059: 1055: 1054: 1048: 1042: 1037: 1032: 1029: 1023: 1018: 1012: 1009: 869: 866: 862:faire glouglou 858:AMX 30 Gloutte 830:high explosive 808:AMX-30 FORAD ( 718:Mailly-le-Camp 697: 694: 655:nuclear weapon 651:Fifth Republic 470: 467: 371:, the AMX-30R 310: 309: 306: 304:Maximum speed 300: 299: 296: 291: 288: 287: 284: 280: 279: 274: 270: 269: 266: 262: 261: 256: 252: 251: 240: 235: 232: 231: 223: 218: 215: 214: 211: 205: 204: 200: 199: 196: 192: 191: 188: 184: 183: 180: 176: 175: 172: 168: 167: 158:36 tonnes (40 156: 152: 151: 150:Specifications 147: 146: 143: 136: 135: 132: 128: 127: 114: 110: 109: 105: 104: 91: 87: 86: 78: 74: 73: 70: 66: 65: 61: 60: 57: 53: 52: 47: 43: 42: 36: 28: 27: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6068: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6044: 6043: 6041: 6028: 6027: 6023: 6019: 6012: 6004: 6002: 5994: 5993: 5990: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5936: 5934: 5931: 5929: 5926: 5924: 5921: 5919: 5916: 5914: 5911: 5909: 5906: 5904: 5901: 5899: 5896: 5894: 5891: 5889: 5886: 5884: 5881: 5879: 5876: 5874: 5871: 5869: 5866: 5864: 5861: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5849: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5835: 5833: 5831:experimentals 5828: 5824: 5818: 5815: 5813: 5810: 5808: 5805: 5803: 5800: 5798: 5795: 5794: 5792: 5790: 5786: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5772: 5770: 5769:Super Sherman 5767: 5765: 5764:Stridsvagn 74 5762: 5760: 5757: 5755: 5752: 5750: 5747: 5745: 5742: 5740: 5737: 5736: 5734: 5732: 5728: 5722: 5719: 5717: 5714: 5712: 5709: 5707: 5704: 5702: 5699: 5697: 5694: 5692: 5689: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5681:M551 Sheridan 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5667: 5664: 5663: 5661: 5659: 5655: 5649: 5646: 5642: 5639: 5638: 5637: 5634: 5632: 5629: 5627: 5626:Type 80/85/88 5624: 5622: 5619: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5597: 5594: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5581: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5562: 5560: 5557: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5528: 5525: 5524: 5523: 5520: 5518: 5515: 5513: 5510: 5508: 5505: 5503: 5500: 5498: 5495: 5493: 5490: 5488: 5485: 5483: 5480: 5476: 5473: 5472: 5471: 5468: 5464: 5461: 5460: 5459: 5456: 5455: 5453: 5451: 5447: 5443: 5439: 5432: 5427: 5425: 5420: 5418: 5413: 5412: 5409: 5399: 5394: 5388: 5385: 5384: 5382: 5378: 5372: 5369: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5359: 5358: 5356: 5354: 5350: 5344: 5341: 5339: 5336: 5334:VBMR-L Serval 5333: 5331: 5328: 5326: 5323: 5321: 5318: 5316: 5313: 5311: 5308: 5307: 5305: 5303: 5299: 5293: 5290: 5288: 5285: 5283: 5280: 5278: 5275: 5273: 5270: 5269: 5267: 5265: 5264:Armoured cars 5261: 5255: 5252: 5251: 5249: 5247: 5243: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5231:ERC 90 Sagaie 5229: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5213: 5211: 5208: 5204: 5200: 5192: 5187: 5185: 5180: 5178: 5173: 5172: 5169: 5157: 5154: 5153: 5150: 5144: 5141: 5139: 5136: 5134: 5131: 5129: 5126: 5124: 5121: 5119: 5116: 5114: 5111: 5109: 5106: 5104: 5101: 5099: 5096: 5094: 5091: 5089: 5086: 5085: 5083: 5079: 5073: 5070: 5068: 5065: 5063: 5060: 5058: 5055: 5054: 5052: 5050: 5046: 5040: 5037: 5035: 5032: 5031: 5029: 5027: 5023: 5017: 5014: 5012: 5009: 5007: 5004: 5003: 5001: 4999: 4995: 4989: 4986: 4984: 4981: 4980: 4978: 4976: 4975:Armoured cars 4972: 4966: 4963: 4961: 4958: 4957: 4955: 4951: 4945: 4942: 4941: 4939: 4935: 4929: 4926: 4924: 4921: 4919: 4916: 4914: 4911: 4910: 4908: 4904: 4898: 4895: 4893: 4890: 4889: 4887: 4883: 4879: 4871: 4866: 4864: 4859: 4857: 4852: 4851: 4848: 4836: 4833: 4831: 4828: 4826: 4823: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4813: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4798: 4797: 4795: 4793: 4789: 4783: 4780: 4778: 4775: 4773: 4770: 4768: 4765: 4763: 4760: 4758: 4755: 4753: 4750: 4748: 4745: 4743: 4740: 4738: 4735: 4734: 4732: 4728: 4722: 4719: 4717: 4714: 4712: 4709: 4707: 4704: 4702: 4699: 4697: 4694: 4692: 4689: 4687: 4684: 4682: 4679: 4677: 4674: 4672: 4671:ERC 90 Sagaie 4669: 4668: 4666: 4662: 4658: 4644: 4639: 4637: 4632: 4630: 4625: 4624: 4621: 4615: 4612: 4611: 4600: 4598:1-84176-792-1 4594: 4590: 4585: 4581: 4579:1-85532-825-9 4575: 4571: 4566: 4562: 4560:0-13-597856-4 4556: 4551: 4550: 4543: 4536: 4535: 4529: 4525: 4523:3-7637-5203-X 4519: 4515: 4510: 4506: 4504:3-7637-5871-2 4500: 4496: 4491: 4487: 4485:1-57488-136-1 4481: 4477: 4472: 4468: 4463: 4459: 4457:1-85532-277-3 4453: 4449: 4444: 4440: 4438:1-86019-954-2 4434: 4430: 4425: 4421: 4416: 4412: 4408: 4404: 4399: 4384: 4380: 4379: 4371: 4366: 4362: 4356: 4352: 4347: 4343: 4338: 4334: 4332:1-84176-551-1 4328: 4324: 4319: 4315: 4313:2-7268-8369-9 4309: 4305: 4300: 4296: 4294:1-85532-520-9 4290: 4286: 4281: 4277: 4273: 4269: 4264: 4260: 4258:1-84176-579-1 4254: 4250: 4245: 4241: 4235: 4231: 4226: 4222: 4220:0-7106-2686-X 4216: 4212: 4207: 4203: 4197: 4193: 4188: 4184: 4182:0-7106-0372-X 4178: 4174: 4169: 4165: 4163:0-354-01022-0 4159: 4155: 4151: 4147: 4143: 4138: 4134: 4128: 4124: 4119: 4115: 4113:84-86629-29-2 4109: 4105: 4100: 4096: 4094:84-87314-10-4 4090: 4086: 4081: 4077: 4075:0-214-20080-9 4071: 4067: 4062: 4058: 4052: 4047: 4046: 4039: 4035: 4033:0-275-96948-7 4029: 4025: 4020: 4016: 4014:1-85260-114-0 4010: 4006: 4001: 3997: 3995:0-85368-412-X 3991: 3987: 3982: 3978: 3972: 3968: 3963: 3956: 3952: 3945: 3940: 3936: 3931: 3930: 3916: 3908: 3901: 3893: 3887: 3872: 3868: 3861: 3846: 3840: 3826: 3822: 3815: 3807: 3803: 3797: 3789: 3785: 3778: 3770: 3763: 3755: 3748: 3737: 3733: 3727: 3713:on 2009-05-08 3712: 3708: 3702: 3693: 3684: 3678:Jeudy, p. 263 3675: 3673: 3671: 3669: 3659: 3650: 3642: 3641: 3636: 3629: 3627: 3617: 3608: 3599: 3590: 3581: 3572: 3563: 3554: 3545: 3543: 3535: 3531: 3523: 3516: 3512: 3504: 3495: 3486: 3477: 3468: 3459: 3450: 3441: 3432: 3423: 3421: 3414:Chant, p. 316 3411: 3402: 3393: 3384: 3375: 3366: 3360:Jeudy, p. 261 3357: 3348: 3339: 3330: 3321: 3319: 3309: 3303:Jeudy, p. 262 3300: 3291: 3282: 3273: 3264: 3255: 3246: 3237: 3228: 3226: 3209: 3205: 3199: 3193: 3188: 3179: 3170: 3161: 3152: 3143: 3134: 3125: 3123: 3116:Jeudy, p. 260 3113: 3104: 3095: 3086: 3084: 3074: 3072: 3062: 3060: 3050: 3042: 3038: 3032: 3024: 3017: 3015: 3006: 3002: 2996: 2987: 2978: 2969: 2960: 2951: 2943: 2936: 2927: 2919: 2912: 2903: 2894: 2885: 2879:Jeudy, p. 265 2876: 2867: 2865: 2863: 2861: 2851: 2842: 2833: 2824: 2818:Miller, p. 89 2815: 2813: 2803: 2801: 2799: 2789: 2783:Jeudy, p. 256 2780: 2778: 2768: 2762:Jeudy, p. 257 2759: 2750: 2741: 2732: 2723: 2714: 2705: 2696: 2694: 2684: 2675: 2673: 2671: 2661: 2652: 2643: 2634: 2625: 2623: 2621: 2611: 2602: 2600: 2590: 2588: 2586: 2576: 2570:Jeudy, p. 255 2567: 2565: 2555: 2553: 2551: 2541: 2535:Hilmes, p. 17 2532: 2523: 2517:Jerchel, p. 7 2514: 2508:Jerchel, p. 6 2505: 2496: 2494: 2492: 2490: 2483:Jerchel, p. 4 2480: 2478: 2468: 2462:Jerchel, p. 3 2459: 2450: 2448: 2441:Jeudy, p. 254 2438: 2436: 2434: 2432: 2430: 2420: 2411: 2402: 2393: 2384: 2375: 2373: 2371: 2361: 2355:Jeudy, p. 253 2352: 2350: 2348: 2346: 2344: 2342: 2340: 2338: 2328: 2322:Jeudy, p. 252 2319: 2317: 2315: 2313: 2306:Miller, p. 85 2303: 2301: 2299: 2289: 2280: 2271: 2269: 2267: 2257: 2251:Jeudy, p. 215 2248: 2246: 2244: 2234: 2225: 2223: 2221: 2211: 2202: 2193: 2191: 2189: 2187: 2177: 2173: 2162: 2151: 2148: 2135: 2130: 2124: 2113: 2110: 2099: 2096: 2092: 2081: 2078: 2066: 2061: 2056: 2054: 2043: 2040: 2029: 2028: 2019: 2008: 2005: 2001: 1990: 1987: 1983: 1972: 1969: 1958: 1955: 1944: 1941: 1930: 1929: 1914: Current 1907: 1898: 1896: 1891: 1889: 1885: 1882: 1878: 1874: 1870: 1866: 1862: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1841: 1836: 1835: 1830: 1829: 1820: 1815: 1811: 1809: 1805: 1796: 1787: 1785: 1780: 1778: 1774: 1769: 1765: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1741: 1736: 1731: 1722: 1716: 1711: 1707: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1692: 1688: 1684: 1681:In 1969, the 1679: 1676: 1672: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1658: 1650: 1645: 1636: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1621: 1619: 1615: 1609: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1587: 1582: 1578: 1574: 1566: 1561: 1552: 1550: 1549: 1538: 1530: 1526: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1514: 1509: 1505: 1504: 1496: 1490: 1488: 1484: 1483: 1477: 1467: 1463: 1461: 1457: 1452: 1439: 1434: 1430: 1428: 1427:Doppler radar 1423: 1419: 1415: 1407: 1404:AMX-30 DCA – 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1369: 1363: 1361: 1357: 1350: 1342: 1337: 1333: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1309: 1304: 1294: 1280: 1277: 1274: 1271: 1268: 1265: 1262: 1259: 1255: 1254: 1250: 1247: 1244: 1241: 1238: 1235: 1232: 1229: 1228: 1224: 1221: 1218: 1215: 1212: 1209: 1206: 1203: 1202: 1198: 1195: 1192: 1189: 1186: 1183: 1180: 1177: 1176: 1172: 1169: 1166: 1163: 1160: 1157: 1154: 1151: 1150: 1146: 1143: 1140: 1137: 1134: 1131: 1128: 1125: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1113: 1110: 1107: 1103: 1100: 1097: 1093: 1090: 1086: 1083: 1082: 1078: 1075: 1072: 1069: 1066: 1063: 1060: 1057: 1056: 1052: 1049: 1046: 1043: 1041: 1038: 1036: 1033: 1030: 1027: 1024: 1022: 1019: 1017: 1016: 1008: 1006: 1002: 998: 994: 990: 986: 982: 978: 973: 971: 967: 963: 959: 955: 954:2e/5e Dragons 951: 947: 943: 938: 935: 931: 928: 923: 919: 915: 907: 902: 898: 896: 891: 883: 879: 874: 868:Modernization 865: 863: 859: 851: 846: 842: 840: 836: 831: 827: 823: 816:, on maneuver 815: 811: 810:Force Adverse 806: 802: 800: 795: 791: 786: 784: 780: 779:Hispano-Suiza 776: 773: 769: 766: 757: 753: 750: 746: 743: 739: 735: 731: 727: 723: 719: 714: 712: 708: 703: 693: 691: 687: 683: 679: 675: 671: 667: 663: 658: 656: 652: 648: 644: 639: 635: 630: 625: 624:Europa-Panzer 621: 620:Colomb-Béchar 617: 613: 609: 605: 601: 597: 592: 589: 581: 576: 572: 570: 566: 562: 558: 554: 550: 546: 542: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 519: 512: 507: 503: 500: 496: 492: 488: 484: 480: 476: 473:Although the 466: 464: 460: 456: 452: 448: 444: 440: 436: 432: 428: 424: 419: 417: 413: 408: 404: 400: 396: 392: 387: 385: 381: 378: 374: 370: 366: 360: 358: 354: 353:diesel engine 349: 345: 341: 337: 333: 329: 325: 321: 317: 307: 301: 297: 289: 285: 281: 275: 271: 268:18.9 hp/tonne 267: 263: 257: 253: 250: 245: 241: 233: 230: 227: 224: 216: 212: 210: 206: 201: 197: 193: 189: 185: 181: 177: 173: 169: 165: 161: 157: 153: 148: 144: 137: 133: 129: 115: 111: 106: 103: 99: 95: 94:Iran–Iraq War 92: 88: 85: 84: 79: 75: 71: 67: 62: 58: 54: 51: 48: 44: 40: 34: 29: 22: 19: 6016:Background: 6015: 5883:Lorraine 40t 5858:EE-T1 Osório 5482:Challenger 1 5457: 5330:VBMR Griffon 5215: 5143:Somua S35 CA 5133:Lorraine 40t 5081:Experimental 4964: 4923:M26 Pershing 4906:Medium tanks 4800:Alouette III 4721:VBMR Griffon 4680: 4588: 4569: 4548: 4533: 4513: 4494: 4475: 4466: 4447: 4428: 4419: 4402: 4390:. Retrieved 4383:the original 4376: 4350: 4341: 4322: 4303: 4284: 4267: 4248: 4229: 4210: 4191: 4172: 4153: 4141: 4122: 4103: 4084: 4065: 4044: 4023: 4004: 3985: 3966: 3955:the original 3950: 3934: 3917:(in French). 3914: 3900: 3886: 3875:. Retrieved 3873:(in Spanish) 3870: 3860: 3849:. Retrieved 3839: 3828:. Retrieved 3824: 3814: 3805: 3802:"AMX-30 DCA" 3796: 3790:(in French). 3787: 3777: 3762: 3753: 3747: 3726: 3715:. Retrieved 3711:the original 3701: 3692: 3687:Cogan, p. 44 3683: 3658: 3649: 3638: 3616: 3607: 3598: 3589: 3580: 3571: 3562: 3553: 3533: 3527:(in Spanish) 3522: 3514: 3508:(in Spanish) 3503: 3494: 3485: 3476: 3467: 3458: 3449: 3440: 3431: 3410: 3401: 3392: 3383: 3374: 3365: 3356: 3351:Miller, p. 8 3347: 3338: 3329: 3308: 3299: 3290: 3281: 3272: 3263: 3254: 3245: 3236: 3212:. Retrieved 3208:the original 3198: 3192:AMX-30H AVLB 3187: 3178: 3169: 3160: 3151: 3142: 3133: 3112: 3103: 3094: 3049: 3040: 3031: 3022: 3004: 2995: 2986: 2977: 2968: 2959: 2950: 2941: 2935: 2926: 2917: 2911: 2902: 2893: 2884: 2875: 2850: 2841: 2832: 2823: 2806:Caiti, p. 37 2788: 2771:Crow, p. 141 2767: 2758: 2749: 2740: 2731: 2722: 2713: 2704: 2683: 2678:Caiti, p. 34 2660: 2651: 2642: 2633: 2610: 2579:Crow, p. 140 2575: 2540: 2531: 2522: 2513: 2504: 2467: 2458: 2419: 2410: 2401: 2392: 2383: 2378:Caiti, p. 33 2360: 2327: 2288: 2279: 2256: 2233: 2210: 2201: 2176: 2000:Saudi Arabia 1920: Former 1892: 1887: 1872: 1868: 1857:AMX 30 Demin 1856: 1853:mine rollers 1848: 1838: 1832: 1826: 1824: 1819:AMX 30 Demin 1818: 1801: 1781: 1766: 1734: 1727: 1696:Spanish Army 1680: 1677: 1673: 1654: 1648: 1622: 1613: 1610: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1572: 1570: 1564: 1546: 1544: 1535: 1511: 1507: 1502: 1499: 1494: 1493:AMX 30 AuF1 1481: 1476:AMX-30SA SAM 1475: 1472: 1455: 1448: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1410: 1405: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1372: 1367: 1359: 1355: 1353: 1348: 1313: 1299: 977:Super AMX-30 976: 974: 965: 957: 953: 949: 945: 941: 939: 917: 913: 911: 894: 886: 878:Saudi Arabia 861: 857: 854: 821: 819: 809: 793: 789: 787: 783:gun mantlets 762: 737: 733: 715: 699: 669: 665: 661: 659: 623: 615: 593: 584: 541:Panther tank 533: 529: 521: 517: 515: 490: 479:World War II 472: 435:Saudi Arabia 420: 403:West Germany 388: 361: 357:transmission 347: 343: 335: 322:designed by 315: 313: 273:Transmission 265:Power/weight 81: 77:Used by 18: 5923:Object 490A 5893:MB-3 Tamoyo 5450:Main battle 5361:AMX 30 AuF1 5236:EBRC Jaguar 5123:ELC project 5072:AMX-30 AuF1 5062:Mk F3 155mm 5016:Panhard VCR 4988:Panhard AML 4983:Panhard EBR 4937:Heavy tanks 4892:M24 Chaffee 4885:Light tanks 4691:AMX Leclerc 4676:EBRC Jaguar 4392:21 February 3788:opex360.com 2065:Greek junta 1715:bustle rack 1704:B1 Centauro 1671:, in 1966. 1581:World War I 1513:AMX 30 AuF1 1487:Thomson-CSF 1341:French Army 1306: [ 1126:Ammunition 927:SESM ENC200 749:Rheinmetall 634:Saint Louis 600:Netherlands 553:torsion bar 545:French Army 332:French Army 326:(AMX, then 292:Operational 249:machine gun 142: built 6040:Categories 5933:Object 785 5928:Object 770 5918:Object 292 5913:Object 279 5908:Object 187 5827:Prototypes 5749:M47 Patton 5744:M46 Patton 5739:Charioteer 5616:Type 69/79 5522:M48 Patton 5011:Panhard M3 4960:M47 Patton 4928:M46 Patton 4913:M4 Sherman 4815:Super Puma 4757:Peugeot P4 3877:2023-09-01 3851:2019-01-02 3830:2019-01-02 3717:2008-12-18 2168:References 2095:Iraqi Army 1970:: 16 units 1888:4e Dragons 1873:4e Dragons 1661:Israel Tal 1555:Production 1522:autoloaded 1418:AMX-30 DCA 1366:AMX-30H – 1347:AMX-30D – 1147:62 rounds 1144:36 rounds 1141:40 rounds 1138:43 rounds 1135:50 rounds 1132:55 rounds 1129:63 rounds 906:ERA blocks 890:autocannon 608:Luxembourg 588:AMX-13/105 565:heavy tank 487:liberation 469:Background 399:M47 Patton 386:launcher. 283:Suspension 160:short tons 5802:Conqueror 5759:Panzer 61 5754:Panzer 58 5641:Vijayanta 5554:Panzer 68 5517:M1 Abrams 5512:Leopard 2 5507:Leopard 1 5492:Chonma-ho 5487:Chieftain 5470:Centurion 5353:Artillery 5272:AML-60/90 5226:AMX-10 RC 5049:Artillery 4686:AMX-10 RC 4422:. Jane's. 4276:0004-2420 2018:Venezuela 1986:Leopard 2 1901:Operators 1845:AMX-10RCs 1777:Argentina 1768:Venezuela 1735:Shanine-2 1691:Leopard 1 1649:El Goloso 1618:AMX-30EBG 1422:Oeil-noir 1051:Chieftain 1026:Leopard 1 768:Panzer 61 711:Bundesrat 616:Allemagne 578:The 1955 439:Venezuela 416:Leopard 1 236:Secondary 164:long tons 134:1966-1994 83:Operators 5853:Char 25T 5701:Stingray 5534:M60 tank 5442:Cold War 4878:Cold War 4411:54349455 4152:(1976). 3214:June 29, 1700:AMX-30Es 1525:degrees. 1518:calibers 1414:AMX-30SA 1358:(AMX-30 1288:Variants 1031:AMX-30B 930:Archived 918:AMX-30B2 882:Gulf War 826:hexolite 690:Henschel 569:tank gun 459:Gulf War 412:tank gun 238:armament 229:tank gun 221:armament 131:Produced 113:Designed 5873:HSTV(L) 5716:Type 64 5711:Type 63 5706:Type 62 5671:HSTV(L) 5631:Type 90 5621:Type 74 5611:Type 61 5606:Type 59 5544:Merkava 5463:AMX-30E 5440:of the 5310:AMX-10P 5221:Leclerc 5128:FCM 50t 5039:AMX-10P 5034:AMX-VCI 4918:Panther 4805:Gazelle 4696:AMX-10P 3926:Sources 3825:El País 3534:El País 3515:El País 1968:Nigeria 1877:mortars 1754:Merkava 1751:Israeli 1625:Leclerc 1482:Shahine 1456:AMX-30R 1383:AMX-30H 1356:AMX-30D 1260:plate) 1256:Armor ( 1121:rifled 1108:rifled 1106:D-10T2S 1098:rifled 1091:rifled 1058:Weight 895:AMX 30B 835:coaxial 794:AMX 30A 790:AMX 30B 742:British 738:Leopard 726:Bourges 678:Porsche 612:FINABEL 604:Belgium 549:Tiger I 526:Renault 524:(FCM), 520:(AMX), 499:Maybach 477:during 431:AMX-30E 121: ( 25:AMX-30 5983:WZ-122 5958:TR-125 5903:MBT-80 5898:MBT-70 5848:AMX-50 5843:AMX-40 5838:AMX-32 5797:ARL 44 5731:Medium 5666:AMX-13 5539:Magach 5458:AMX-30 5387:AMX-40 5366:CAESAR 5315:Aravis 5292:Vextra 5282:VBC-90 5216:AMX-30 5093:AMX-50 5088:AMX-40 4965:AMX-30 4944:ARL 44 4897:AMX-13 4830:Cougar 4825:Fennec 4767:SYRANO 4752:Caesar 4681:AMX-30 4595: 4576: 4557: 4520: 4501: 4482: 4454: 4435: 4409: 4357: 4329: 4310: 4291: 4274: 4255: 4236: 4217: 4198: 4179: 4160: 4129: 4110: 4091: 4072: 4053: 4030: 4011: 3992: 3973: 3001:"T-64" 2158: 2144: 2120: 2109:Kuwait 2106: 2088: 2077:Greece 2074: 2053:France 2050: 2036: 2015: 1997: 1979: 1965: 1954:Cyprus 1951: 1937: 1918: 1912: 1808:Khafji 1784:Bosnia 1749:, and 1657:Israel 1639:Export 1577:Roanne 1548:AMX-32 1541:AMX 32 1480:SA-10 1460:Roland 1438:Roland 1394:Pluton 1258:glacis 1003:, and 950:BRENUS 772:Soviet 734:AMX 30 730:Satory 722:Meppen 538:German 511:Saumur 495:ARL 44 451:Cyprus 445:, the 423:Greece 395:AMX 50 391:ARL 44 377:Pluton 348:Obus G 346:. The 344:Obus G 316:AMX-30 255:Engine 187:Height 171:Length 59:France 5789:Heavy 5691:PT-85 5686:PT-76 5658:Light 5601:TR-85 5549:OF-40 5527:CM-12 5502:K1 88 5475:Sho't 5438:Tanks 5207:Tanks 4820:Tiger 4762:ACMAT 4538:(PDF) 4386:(PDF) 4373:(PDF) 4268:Armor 3958:(PDF) 3947:(PDF) 3911:(PDF) 3739:(PDF) 2147:Spain 2039:Chile 1982:Qatar 1884:A-10s 1821:units 1762:M60A3 1747:T-72s 1743:T-62s 1740:Iraqi 1687:Spain 1565:FORAD 1506:(for 1377:, or 1310:] 1053:Mk.2 1021:M60A1 997:Diehl 765:Swiss 643:Paris 596:Italy 455:Chile 443:Qatar 427:Spain 407:Italy 318:is a 294:range 209:Armor 179:Width 162:; 35 145:3,571 5878:IS-7 5863:Emil 5817:T-10 5812:M103 5807:IS-4 5779:T-54 5596:T-80 5584:M-84 5579:T-72 5574:T-64 5569:T-62 5564:T-55 5254:VBCI 4953:MBTs 4835:NH90 4810:Puma 4747:TRF1 4742:MLRS 4737:AuF1 4716:VBCI 4701:AuF1 4593:ISBN 4574:ISBN 4555:ISBN 4518:ISBN 4499:ISBN 4480:ISBN 4452:ISBN 4433:ISBN 4407:OCLC 4394:2020 4355:ISBN 4327:ISBN 4308:ISBN 4289:ISBN 4272:ISSN 4253:ISBN 4234:ISBN 4215:ISBN 4196:ISBN 4177:ISBN 4158:ISBN 4127:ISBN 4108:ISBN 4089:ISBN 4070:ISBN 4051:ISBN 4028:ISBN 4009:ISBN 3990:ISBN 3971:ISBN 3216:2021 1988:A7+. 1881:USAF 1758:M1A2 1745:and 1633:12th 1631:and 1500:The 1373:The 1328:, a 1303:ACRA 1096:L7A3 1084:Gun 1045:T-64 1040:T-62 1035:T-55 814:T-72 775:T-55 728:and 702:NATO 688:and 674:T-54 629:Bonn 606:and 453:and 405:and 328:GIAT 314:The 219:Main 195:Crew 155:Mass 123:1959 116:1959 90:Wars 80:See 46:Type 5774:TAM 5721:X1A 5371:LRM 5343:VXB 5338:VCR 5325:VAB 5287:VBL 5277:PVP 4782:DNG 4777:EFA 4772:EBG 4711:VBL 4706:VAB 1629:6th 1119:L11 1089:M68 1028:A1 1005:GLS 989:MTU 981:AEG 242:1× 140:No. 6042:: 6024:, 6020:, 5320:M3 4375:. 3949:. 3913:. 3869:. 3823:. 3804:. 3786:. 3667:^ 3637:. 3625:^ 3541:^ 3532:, 3513:, 3419:^ 3317:^ 3224:^ 3121:^ 3082:^ 3070:^ 3058:^ 3039:. 3013:^ 3003:. 2859:^ 2811:^ 2797:^ 2776:^ 2692:^ 2669:^ 2619:^ 2598:^ 2584:^ 2563:^ 2549:^ 2488:^ 2476:^ 2446:^ 2428:^ 2369:^ 2336:^ 2311:^ 2297:^ 2265:^ 2242:^ 2219:^ 2185:^ 2125:/ 2067:/ 2002:: 1316:) 1308:fr 1047:A 999:, 995:, 991:, 987:, 983:, 972:. 897:. 724:, 720:, 680:, 602:, 598:, 528:, 449:, 441:, 437:, 5829:, 5430:e 5423:t 5416:v 5190:e 5183:t 5176:v 4869:e 4862:t 4855:v 4642:e 4635:t 4628:v 4601:. 4582:. 4563:. 4526:. 4507:. 4488:. 4460:. 4441:. 4413:. 4396:. 4363:. 4335:. 4316:. 4297:. 4278:. 4261:. 4242:. 4223:. 4204:. 4185:. 4166:. 4135:. 4116:. 4097:. 4078:. 4059:. 4036:. 4017:. 3998:. 3979:. 3894:. 3880:. 3854:. 3833:. 3808:. 3771:. 3720:. 3643:. 3218:. 3043:. 3007:. 2136:/ 2097:. 1458:( 1312:( 429:( 166:) 125:)

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