1134:
thickness measured on a horizontal plane, while for a given area density of the armour the protection can be either increased or reduced by other sloping effects, depending on the armour materials used and the qualities of the projectile hitting it. The increased protection caused by increasing the slope while keeping the plate thickness constant, is due to a proportional increase of area density and thus mass, and thus offers no weight benefit. Therefore, the other possible effects of sloping, such as deflection, deforming and ricochet of a projectile, have been the reasons to apply sloped armour in armoured vehicles design. Another motive is the fact that sloping armour is a more efficient way of covering the necessary equipment since it encloses less volume with less material. The sharpest angles are usually seen on the frontal glacis plate, both as it is the hull side most likely to be hit and because there is more room to slope in the longitudinal direction of a vehicle.
1041:
424:
245:
1143:
607:. These elements are often a laminate consisting of two hard plates (usually high hardness steel) with some low density interlayer material between them. Upon impact, the interlayer swells and moves the plates, disrupting heat 'jets' and possibly degrading kinetic energy projectiles. Behind these elements will be some backing element designed to stop the degraded jet or projectile element, which may be of high hardness steel, or some composite of steel and ceramic or possibly uranium.
1211:
639:
3859:
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37:
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1116:
553:
959:
1243:. The slats are spaced so that the warhead is either partially deformed before detonating, or the fuzing mechanism is damaged, thereby preventing detonation entirely. As shaped charges rely on very specific structure to create a jet of hot metal, any disruption to this structure greatly reduces the effectiveness of the warhead. Slat armour can be defeated by
1284:, while the inner shell is at ground. If an incoming HEAT jet penetrates the outer shell and forms a bridge between the shells, the electrical energy discharges through the jet, disrupting it. Trials have so far been extremely promising, and it is hoped that improved systems could protect against KE penetrators. The developers of the
966:
Appliqué armour, or add-on armour, consists of extra plates mounted onto the hull or turret of an AFV. The plates can be made of any material and are designed to be retrofitted to an AFV to withstand weapons that can penetrate the original armour of the vehicle. An advantage of appliqué armour is the
790:
Armour plating is not common on aircraft, which generally rely on their speed and maneuverability to avoid attacks from enemy aircraft and ground fire, rather than trying to resist impacts. Additionally, any armour capable of stopping large-calibre anti-aircraft fire or missile fragments would result
1083:
warhead can detonate prematurely (at the first surface), so that the metal jet that is produced loses its coherence before reaching the main armour and impacting over a broader area. Sometimes the interior surfaces of these hollow cavities are sloped, presenting angles to the anticipated path of the
483:
or Tuffak, is often sandwiched between layers of regular glass. The use of plastic in the laminate provides impact-resistance, such as physical assault with a hammer, an axe, etc. The plastic provides little in the way of bullet-resistance. The glass, which is much harder than plastic, flattens the
1133:
Sloped armour is armour that is mounted at a non-vertical and non-horizontal angle, typically on tanks and other armoured fighting vehicles. For a given normal to the surface of the armour, its plate thickness, increasing armour slope improves the armour's level of protection by increasing the
231:
billets of appropriate size and then rolling them into plates of required thickness. Rolling and forging (hammering the steel when it is red hot) irons out the grain structure in the steel, removing imperfections which would reduce the strength of the steel. Rolling also elongates the
1732:: "Ornamental needlework in which small decorative pieces of fabric are sewn or stuck on to a fabric or garment to form a pattern or trim; the practice of this as a technique or activity; (also) (a piece of) decoration or trim made in this way. Also in extended use in metalwork, and
1177:
at around 500 degrees
Celsius; it can be made to flow like water by sufficient pressure). Traditional "light" ERA is less effective against kinetic penetrators. "Heavy" reactive armour, however, offers better protection. The only example currently in widespread service is Russian
397:
because the hard granite particles would deflect the bullet, which would then lodge between plastic armour and the steel backing plate. Plastic armour could be applied by pouring it into a cavity formed by the steel backing plate and a temporary wooden form.
989:
tanks. U.S. tank crews often added sand bags in the hull and turrets on
Sherman tanks, often in an elaborate cage made of girders. Some Sherman tanks were up-armoured in the field with glacis plates and other armour cut from knocked-out tanks to create
687:, the belt armour is designed to prevent penetration, by either being too thick for the warhead to penetrate, or sloped to a degree that would deflect either projectile. Often, the main belt armour was supplemented with a
191:
and purpose of the vehicle determines the amount of armour plating carried, as the plating is often very heavy and excessive amounts of armour restrict mobility. In order to decrease this problem, some new materials
535:
was uncovered in the 1980s. High speed photography showed that the ceramic material shatters as the HEAT round penetrates, the highly energetic fragments destroying the geometry of the metal jet generated by the
540:, greatly diminishing the penetration. Ceramic layers can also be used as part of composite armour solutions. The high hardness of some ceramic materials serves as a disruptor that shatters and spreads the
1980:
807:
Hind ground-attack helicopter, the pilot sits in a titanium enclosure known as the "bathtub" for its shape. In addition, the windscreens of larger aircraft are generally made of impact-resistant,
1697:
856:
tanks were designed in a way that each tank component functions as added back-up armour to protect the crew. Outer armour is modular and enables quickly replacing damaged parts.
345:
tanks built after 1998 have DU reinforcement as part of the armour plating in the front of the hull and the front of the turret, and there is a program to upgrade the rest (see
581:
armour was initially developed in the 1940s, although it did not enter service until much later and the early examples are often ignored in the face of newer armour such as
1088:, much lighter than fully protective armour, can be attached as side skirts or turret skirts to provide additional protection against such weapons. This can be seen in
306:. It also has a high specific resilience and specific toughness. So, despite being more expensive, it finds an application in areas where weight is a concern, such as
1937:
236:
in the steel to form long lines, which enable the stress the steel is placed under when loaded to flow throughout the metal, and not be concentrated in one area.
1740:"Of fabric or a garment: decorated by sewing or sticking on small pieces of fabric to form a pattern or trim; (of decoration, trim, etc.) attached in this way".
1107:. The impact with the first wall melts or breaks up the incoming particle, causing fragments to be spread over a wider area when striking the subsequent walls.
2503:
1375:
74:
2057:
1984:
468:. The desired result is a material with the appearance and light-transmitting behaviour of standard glass, which offers varying degrees of protection from
1071:
because the interaction with each plate can cause the round to tumble, deflect, deform, or disintegrate. This effect can be enhanced when the armour is
922:
inside of the armour, designed to protect crew and equipment inside from fragmentation (spalling) released from the impact of enemy shells, especially
1920:
603:
Composite armour used on modern
Western and Israeli main battle tanks largely consists of non-explosive reactive armour (NERA) elements - a type of
618:. For example, the T-64 turret had a layer of ceramic balls and aluminum sandwiched between layers of cast steel armour, whilst some models of the
2852:
1346:
614:
onward utilised composite armour which often consisted of some low density filler between relatively thick steel plates or castings, for example
2005:
1040:
868:(AFV) is placed on its front. Tank tactics require the vehicle to always face the likely direction of enemy fire as much as possible, even in
227:
is strong, hard, and tough (does not shatter when struck with a fast, hard blow). Steel with these characteristics are produced by processing
2030:
1878:
1701:
676:
of the ship. If built within the hull, rather than forming the outer hull, it can be fitted at an inclined angle to improve the protection.
1822:
401:
Some main battle tank (MBT) armour utilises polymers, for example polyurethane as used in the "BDD" applique armour applied to modernized
1901:
698:. Several wartime vessels had belt armour that was thinner or shallower than was desirable, to speed production and conserve resources.
691:
spaced several metres behind the main belt, designed to maintain the ship's watertight integrity even if the main belt were penetrated.
1849:
1188:
is an advanced spaced armour which uses materials which change their geometry so as to increase protection under the stress of impact.
795:
and engines, are usually armoured. This is one area where titanium is used extensively as armour plating. For example, in the
American
2498:
2089:
1277:
3620:
3519:
2556:
2478:
2429:
1772:
1026:, with the modified bulldozer being armoured with steel and concrete composite, which proved to be highly resistant to small arms.
1084:
shaped charge's jet in order to further dissipate its power. Taken to the extreme, relatively thin armour plates, metal mesh, or
3590:
3585:
3337:
796:
484:
bullet and thereby prevents penetration. This type of bullet-resistant glass is usually 70–75 mm (2.8–3.0 in) thick.
630:
reinforced polymer) or ceramic plates. Later T-80 and T-72 turrets contained NERA elements, similar to those discussed above.
1567:
1540:
1753:
569:
Composite armour is armour consisting of layers of two or more materials with significantly different physical properties;
302:
has almost twice the density of aluminium, but can have a yield strength similar to high strength steels, giving it a high
882:
and curving armour can both increase its protection. Given a fixed thickness of armour plate, a projectile striking at an
249:
1941:
269:. While certainly not the strongest metal, it is cheap, lightweight, and tough enough that it can serve as easy armour.
3580:
2602:
3605:
2660:
777:
341:
can also be used in tank armour, sandwiched between sheets of steel armour plate. For instance, some late-production
1396:
1371:
759:
1173:
and pushes the steel plates into the warhead, disrupting the flow of the charge's liquid metal penetrator (usually
325:
ground-attack aircraft, utilising a bathtub-shaped titanium enclosure for the pilot, as well as the Soviet/Russian
981:
Vehicle armour is sometimes improvised in the midst of an armed conflict by vehicle crews or individual units. In
2508:
1011:
751:
3383:
2712:
1280:. A vehicle is fitted with two thin shells, separated by insulating material. The outer shell holds an enormous
1067:
tanks. Spaced armour can be advantageous in several situations. For example, it can reduce the effectiveness of
287:. Early European iron armour consisted of 10 to 12.5 cm of wrought iron backed by up to one metre of solid
1803:
755:
3145:
2627:
2317:
2082:
1317:
487:
Bullet-resistant glass constructed of laminated glass layers is built from glass sheets bonded together with
3893:
3786:
2533:
2513:
1917:
1621:
1964:
3252:
3227:
2772:
1832:, PB 700-03-4, Vol. 35, No. 4, July–August 2003, Army Combined Arms Support Command, Fort Lee, Virginia.
1196:
use a sensor to detect an incoming projectile and explosively launch a counter-projectile into its path.
895:
1783:
1055:
Armour with two or more plates spaced a distance apart, called spaced armour, has been in use since the
3363:
3207:
2722:
1661:
1285:
923:
262:
1350:
1096:. Taken as a whole, spaced armour can provide significantly increased protection while saving weight.
3888:
3090:
2777:
1721:
1302:
1093:
1068:
976:
865:
838:
824:
586:
223:
98:
2009:
2742:
2461:
2337:
2307:
2075:
2034:
1297:
1221:
1192:
1076:
842:
834:
740:
532:
346:
78:
1804:"Frantically, the Army tries to armour Humvees: Soft-skinned workhorses turning into death traps,"
1595:(1). U.S. Army Armor Center, 4401 Vine Grove, Fort Knox, KY 40121: U.S. Armor Association: 16–18.
985:, British, Canadian and Polish tank crews welded spare strips of tank track to the hulls of their
3883:
3745:
3657:
3327:
3272:
2947:
2787:
2312:
1874:
1489:"Laser cut hole matrices in novel armour plate steel for appliqué battlefield vehicle protection"
1423:"Laser cut hole matrices in novel armour plate steel for appliqué battlefield vehicle protection"
1220:
with slat armour (in addition to armour plates and bulletproof windows). The D9 armour deflected
744:
266:
146:
Armour may also be used in vehicles to protect from threats other than a deliberate attack. Some
129:
28:
1837:
1165:, initially developed by German researcher Manfred Held while working in Israel, uses layers of
507:; it is typically about 100–120 mm (3.9–4.7 in) thick and is usually extremely heavy.
3755:
3565:
3413:
3212:
2538:
2488:
1898:
1819:
496:
394:
890:. An angled surface also increases the chance of deflecting a projectile. This can be seen on
3818:
3322:
3317:
3222:
2897:
2862:
2842:
2767:
2732:
2653:
2543:
2518:
2208:
1615:
873:
454:
3433:
3428:
1853:
132:
are also routinely used by security firms to carry money or valuables to reduce the risk of
3302:
3297:
3292:
3202:
3045:
2927:
2832:
2782:
2466:
1064:
713:
585:. Composite armour's effectiveness depends on its composition and may be effective against
511:
1583:
Warford, James M. (January–February 1998). Blakely, LTC Terry A.; Clemens, Jon T. (eds.).
1046:
8:
3378:
3237:
2952:
2752:
2697:
2290:
2280:
2203:
1528:
318:
172:
bandage around the fan casing or debris containment walls built into the casing of their
1769:
1347:"Containment Device: Transport Armor: Pinnacle Armor – Body Armor and Armoring Products"
1103:
uses the principle of spaced armour to protect spacecraft from the impacts of very fast
1018:
and various military transport vehicles with scrap materials: this came to be known as "
791:
in an unacceptable weight penalty. So, only the vital parts of an aircraft, such as the
3687:
3615:
3463:
3448:
3332:
2757:
2687:
2528:
1635:
1463:
1214:
869:
808:
680:
578:
121:
86:
3850:
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3704:
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3514:
3287:
2917:
2907:
2837:
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2747:
2717:
2707:
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2332:
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2156:
2151:
1833:
1750:
1596:
1563:
1536:
1510:
1444:
1217:
650:
488:
418:
386:. It was typically applied in a layer two inches thick and backed by half an inch of
371:
311:
303:
16:
High-strength plating used to fortify important vehicles against bullets, shells etc.
600:
are sometimes included specifically for protection from kinetic energy penetrators.
3830:
3735:
3499:
3489:
3125:
2812:
2646:
2359:
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1500:
1434:
1312:
1019:
830:
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564:
423:
338:
284:
166:
66:
52:
48:
24:
3600:
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2847:
1760:
1 August 2004. cites "FM 3-22.34 TOW Weapon System." and "FM 5-103 Survivability."
1169:
sandwiched between steel plates. When a shaped-charge warhead hits, the explosive
967:
possibility to tailor a vehicle's protection level to a specific threat scenario.
3862:
3699:
3677:
3262:
3176:
3100:
3040:
3030:
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2932:
2902:
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2368:
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2178:
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1968:
1924:
1905:
1826:
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1557:
1307:
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1157:
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1023:
604:
556:
465:
307:
291:. It has since been replaced by steel due to steel being significantly stronger.
233:
90:
1182:. Explosive reactive armour poses a threat to friendly troops near the vehicle.
642:
Diagram of common elements of warship armour. The belt armour is denoted by "A".
3760:
3667:
3662:
3645:
3539:
3534:
3468:
3353:
3307:
3161:
3025:
2922:
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2792:
2434:
2342:
2253:
2213:
2183:
2168:
1400:
1327:
1322:
1273:
1166:
1142:
1104:
1100:
947:
626:
was often a sandwich of steel and some low density filler, either textolite (a
582:
541:
500:
358:
201:
151:
56:
3524:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3267:
1668:(Report). Quantico, VA: Marine Corps Intelligence Activity. pp. I-92−I-93
833:, which are the spearhead of the ground forces, and are designed to withstand
3877:
3825:
3798:
3776:
3740:
3709:
3694:
3373:
3312:
3257:
3197:
3192:
3140:
3055:
3035:
2912:
2877:
2797:
2376:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2163:
1600:
1514:
1505:
1488:
1448:
1439:
1422:
1244:
1240:
1225:
1128:
1080:
1072:
1060:
1035:
903:
887:
879:
792:
658:
615:
590:
537:
523:
461:
458:
367:
244:
193:
181:
116:
Civilian vehicles may also be armoured. These vehicles include cars used by
3781:
3504:
3418:
3135:
3105:
3085:
3020:
2967:
2957:
2892:
2737:
2692:
2302:
2285:
2275:
2260:
2188:
982:
846:
800:
597:
559:
light (5 ton) military vehicle featuring integrated composite armoured body
504:
492:
322:
155:
1210:
475:
The polycarbonate layer, usually consisting of products such as
Armormax,
150:
are equipped with specialised armour to protect them against impacts from
3813:
3625:
3595:
3570:
3423:
3171:
3166:
3130:
3115:
3015:
2867:
2702:
2622:
2617:
2573:
2493:
2386:
2381:
2243:
1205:
999:
812:
709:
705:
279:
173:
97:, protecting the personnel inside from enemy fire. Such vehicles include
514:, is much lighter but at US$ 10–15 per square inch is much more costly.
128:
and others in conflict zones or where violent crime is common. Civilian
3719:
3544:
3408:
3277:
3247:
3232:
3080:
3075:
3050:
2417:
2218:
2193:
2136:
2110:
1170:
1146:
1085:
986:
654:
646:
638:
627:
476:
469:
228:
197:
159:
147:
140:
60:
20:
2327:
2322:
261:
is used when light weight is a necessity. It is most commonly used on
3714:
3682:
3560:
3242:
3217:
3095:
2937:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2471:
2402:
2238:
2146:
1236:
1179:
1089:
1003:
804:
673:
379:
342:
326:
257:
125:
45:
41:
36:
1981:"New Age Electric Armour – Tough enough to face modern threats"
1288:(FRES) series of armoured vehicles are considering this technology.
729:
3808:
3750:
3610:
3358:
3010:
3005:
2995:
2972:
2141:
1115:
915:
899:
695:
593:
299:
177:
117:
106:
438:
that is particularly resistant to being penetrated when struck by
3803:
3650:
3060:
3000:
2561:
2248:
2198:
2120:
1120:
943:
853:
684:
662:
574:
552:
528:
499:. This type of bullet-resistant glass has been in regular use on
453:
Bullet-resistant glass is usually constructed using a strong but
383:
375:
162:
usually have them fitted with a sort of armour in the form of an
136:
133:
94:
672:
Typically, the belt covers from the deck down someway below the
3575:
3509:
3458:
3453:
3443:
3388:
3282:
3120:
3110:
3070:
3065:
2669:
2523:
2422:
2412:
2407:
2098:
2067:
1961:
1252:
1248:
1174:
1015:
995:
939:
935:
931:
927:
891:
850:
623:
439:
196:) and material compositions are being researched which include
188:
169:
163:
82:
70:
1666:
Soviet/Russian Armor and
Artillery Design Practices: 1945-1995
3494:
3484:
3438:
2990:
2942:
1780:
1698:"In Praise of Senator Biden: Survivable Rides for the Troops"
1022:" or "haji armour" by the Americans. Moreover, there was the
1007:
958:
883:
570:
480:
435:
387:
374:
in 1940. The original composition was described as 50% clean
1075:. Spaced armour can also offer increased protection against
849:
threats and in some tanks even steep-trajectory shells. The
3368:
1938:"'Electric armour' vaporises anti-tank grenades and shells"
1585:"Soviet-Russian Tank Turret Armor: The Cold War Shell-Game"
1228:
619:
611:
577:
are the most common types of material in composite armour.
406:
402:
315:
288:
110:
102:
2638:
1660:
1535:(26th ed.). Janes Information Group. p. 102.
2358:
694:
The air-space between the belt and the hull also adds
366:
was a type of vehicle armour originally developed for
1820:"Gun Trucks: Genuine Examples of American Ingenuity,"
1006:" were armoured with sandbags and locally fabricated
1589:
2062:
1239:rocket and missile attacks, where the warhead is a
622:features a glass filler called "Kvartz". The tank
829:The most heavily armoured vehicles today are the
811:, even on civilian craft, to prevent damage from
51:with TUSK (Tank Urban Survival Kit) upgrade uses
3875:
902:away from the crew compartment, increasing crew
427:Ballistic test of a bullet-resistant glass panel
393:Plastic armour was highly effective at stopping
510:Newer materials are being developed. One such,
314:. Some notable examples of its use include the
886:must penetrate more armour than one impacting
2654:
2083:
1461:
818:
708:level, but on some early carriers was at the
2454:
2033:. Defense-Update. 2006-04-25. Archived from
2008:. Defense-Update. 2006-04-25. Archived from
1123:features extreme sloped armour on the turret
1044:
1235:Slat armour is designed to protect against
758:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2661:
2647:
2090:
2076:
2031:"Advanced Add-on Armor for Light Vehicles"
864:For efficiency, the heaviest armour on an
1918:'Star Trek' shields to protect supertanks
1504:
1438:
1397:"Lightweight aluminum foam armour plates"
1278:Defence Science and Technology Laboratory
1090:middle and late-World War II German tanks
778:Learn how and when to remove this message
649:is a layer of armour-plating outside the
442:. The industry generally refers to it as
1812:
1798:
1796:
1770:US Patent 6962102 - Armour constructions
1209:
1141:
1114:
1039:
957:
637:
551:
422:
243:
35:
1695:
1582:
803:ground attack aircraft, as well as the
704:on aircraft carriers is usually at the
3876:
1877:. Defense Industry Daily. 2011-03-15.
1852:. Defense-Update. 2006. Archived from
1779:US Patent Issued on November 8, 2005.
1555:
1533:Jane's Armour & Artillery, 2005-06
1486:
1420:
894:designs, which direct the force of an
797:Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II
180:damage should the fan, compressor, or
2642:
2071:
1983:. Armedforces-int.com. Archived from
1842:
1793:
1700:. Winds of Change.NET. Archived from
1562:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 44.
1079:projectiles. This occurs because the
2006:"Add-On – Reactive Armor Suits"
1527:
1462:Administrator, System (2009-01-27).
756:adding citations to reliable sources
723:
1686:those converted from other warships
1642:. Federation of American Scientists
994:, named after the heavily armoured
962:Vehicle composite add-on armour kit
926:warheads. Spall liners are made of
531:'s precise mechanism for defeating
13:
1556:Zaloga, Steven J. (21 July 2022).
1421:Thomas, Daniel J. (October 2016).
1258:
610:Soviet main battle tanks from the
14:
3905:
2051:
1559:Tanks at the Iron Curtain 1960–75
1374:. Slipperybrick.com. 2008-10-19.
3858:
3857:
3849:
2557:Body armor performance standards
2097:
1487:Thomas, Daniel J. (2016-10-01).
1349:. Pinnacle Armor. Archived from
728:
2023:
1998:
1973:
1955:
1930:
1911:
1892:
1881:from the original on 2012-01-29
1867:
1763:
1743:
1715:
1689:
1680:
1654:
1628:
1378:from the original on 2012-02-17
1272:is a recent development in the
909:
252:was built largely of aluminium.
176:engines to prevent injuries or
1962:MoD Develops 'Electric Armour'
1576:
1549:
1521:
1480:
1455:
1414:
1389:
1364:
1339:
1318:Non-military armoured vehicles
1:
2343:Boiled leather (cuir bouilli)
2318:Kusari (Japanese mail armour)
1333:
1186:Non-explosive reactive armour
1010:armour plate. More recently,
970:
337:Because of its high density,
321:and the Soviet/Russian-built
158:. Modern aircraft powered by
77:) to withstand the impact of
1899:U.S. Military Uses the Force
547:
239:
207:
7:
3228:Helmet Steel Airborne Troop
2668:
2058:Electrically charged armour
1696:Katzman, Joe (2007-04-26).
1291:
1226:9K11 Malyutka (AT-3 Sagger)
1137:
1059:, where it was used on the
953:
896:Improvised explosive device
719:
294:
23:. For armoured forces, see
10:
3910:
3364:Czechoslovak Vz. 53 Helmet
1967:February 17, 2008, at the
1662:United States Marine Corps
1636:"T80 Tank Characteristics"
1286:Future Rapid Effect System
1262:
1203:
1155:
1126:
1069:kinetic energy penetrators
1033:
974:
924:high-explosive squash head
839:kinetic energy penetrators
822:
819:Armoured fighting vehicles
653:of warships, typically on
587:kinetic energy penetrators
562:
521:
517:
416:
378:of half-inch size, 43% of
356:
352:
332:
99:armoured fighting vehicles
18:
3845:
3769:
3728:
3638:
3553:
3477:
3346:
3185:
3154:
2981:
2885:
2876:
2676:
2636:
2610:
2596:
2395:
2367:
2351:
2129:
2106:
1850:"Slat Armour for Stryker"
1751:Combat Vehicle Protection
1722:Oxford English Dictionary
1640:Military Analysis Network
1399:. Ntnu.no. Archived from
1303:Armoured fighting vehicle
1193:Active protection systems
1163:Explosive reactive armour
1110:
1092:, as well as many modern
1051:with spaced armour plates
1045:
1029:
977:Improvised vehicle armour
950:), or similar materials.
866:armoured fighting vehicle
859:
835:anti-tank guided missiles
825:Armoured fighting vehicle
434:is a colloquial term for
224:Rolled homogeneous armour
212:
2462:Armour of the Kelly gang
2308:Karuta (Japanese armour)
2063:Modern armoured vehicles
1620:: CS1 maint: location (
1531:, ed. (15 August 2005).
1506:10.1016/j.dt.2016.07.002
1440:10.1016/j.dt.2016.07.002
1298:Active protection system
843:high-explosive anti-tank
633:
412:
217:
75:see spelling differences
2360:Bullet-resistant armour
2313:Kikko (Japanese armour)
2130:Historical armour types
1875:"BAE's LROD Cage Armor"
1464:"Advanced armour steel"
1199:
395:armour piercing bullets
272:
122:presidential limousines
29:armour (disambiguation)
3566:Advanced Combat Helmet
2611:Fictional armour types
1790:, Retrieved 2009-02-04
1232:
1153:
1124:
1052:
963:
643:
560:
497:ethylene-vinyl acetate
464:or by using layers of
444:bullet-resistant glass
428:
343:M1A1HA and M1A2 Abrams
253:
63:
27:. For other uses, see
3658:Boxing / Martial Arts
2209:Mail and plate armour
1353:on September 28, 2011
1213:
1145:
1118:
1043:
998:assault tank. In the
961:
914:Beginning during the
799:and the Soviet-built
641:
555:
426:
247:
39:
19:For body armour, see
3208:M32 (Czechoslovakia)
2467:Brewster Body Shield
1529:Foss, Christopher F.
1247:designs such as the
752:improve this section
714:armoured flight deck
512:aluminium oxynitride
3894:History of the tank
3379:Romanian M73 helmet
3333:M1918 (Switzerland)
3253:Mk II talker helmet
3218:Stahlhelm (Germany)
2773:Henry VIII's Horned
2352:Modern armour types
2291:Gothic plate armour
2281:Kasten-brust armour
2204:Transitional armour
1372:"Buckypaper armour"
1012:U.S. troops in Iraq
809:laminated materials
382:mineral, and 7% of
329:attack helicopter.
319:A-10 Thunderbolt II
3616:Lightweight Helmet
3091:Lobster-tailed pot
2529:Osprey body armour
1923:2008-01-04 at the
1904:2013-04-09 at the
1825:2007-11-02 at the
1818:Gardiner, Paul S.
1786:2009-02-01 at the
1775:2011-04-29 at the
1756:2009-02-04 at the
1493:Defence Technology
1427:Defence Technology
1233:
1218:armoured bulldozer
1215:IDF Caterpillar D9
1154:
1125:
1053:
1024:Killdozer incident
964:
644:
561:
448:transparent armour
429:
254:
64:
3871:
3870:
3839:
3838:
3678:Gridiron football
3634:
3633:
3288:SSh-39 and SSh-40
3223:M1934/39 (Greece)
2570:
2569:
2552:
2551:
2484:Ranger Body Armor
2450:
2449:
2396:Ballistic fabrics
2296:Maximilian armour
2152:Lorica segmentata
1809:, April 15, 2004.
1569:978-1-4728-4817-8
1542:978-0-7106-2686-8
1224:rockets and even
1147:M60A1 Patton tank
1047:Sturmgeschütz III
992:Improvised Jumbos
918:, many AFVs have
831:main battle tanks
815:or other debris.
788:
787:
780:
679:When struck by a
667:aircraft carriers
651:hull (watercraft)
489:polyvinyl butyral
457:material such as
432:Bulletproof glass
419:Bulletproof glass
372:British Admiralty
312:military aviation
304:specific strength
285:ironclad warships
67:Military vehicles
3901:
3889:Armoured warfare
3861:
3860:
3853:
3273:M1940 (Portugal)
2948:Late Roman ridge
2883:
2882:
2663:
2656:
2649:
2640:
2639:
2452:
2451:
2365:
2364:
2356:
2355:
2271:Greenwich armour
2092:
2085:
2078:
2069:
2068:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2042:
2027:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2017:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1992:
1977:
1971:
1959:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1940:. Archived from
1934:
1928:
1915:
1909:
1896:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1886:
1871:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1861:
1846:
1840:
1830:Army Logistician
1816:
1810:
1802:Moran, Michael.
1800:
1791:
1767:
1761:
1747:
1741:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1709:
1693:
1687:
1684:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1632:
1626:
1625:
1619:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1580:
1574:
1573:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1525:
1519:
1518:
1508:
1484:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1474:
1459:
1453:
1452:
1442:
1418:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1408:
1393:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1383:
1368:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1358:
1343:
1313:Main battle tank
1050:
1049:
1020:hillbilly armour
783:
776:
772:
769:
763:
732:
724:
689:torpedo bulkhead
565:Composite armour
544:of projectiles.
339:depleted uranium
154:or fragments of
25:armoured warfare
3909:
3908:
3904:
3903:
3902:
3900:
3899:
3898:
3874:
3873:
3872:
3867:
3863:Category:Armour
3841:
3840:
3835:
3765:
3756:Riot protection
3724:
3630:
3581:ECH (Australia)
3549:
3473:
3342:
3338:Type 92 Tetsubo
3263:Netherlands M34
3213:M1923 (Denmark)
3181:
3177:Tarleton helmet
3150:
2983:
2977:
2872:
2728:Coventry Sallet
2680:
2678:
2672:
2667:
2632:
2606:
2592:
2566:
2548:
2446:
2442:Ballistic nylon
2391:
2369:Ballistic plate
2347:
2266:Munition armour
2179:Lamellar armour
2174:Lorica squamata
2125:
2102:
2096:
2054:
2049:
2040:
2038:
2029:
2028:
2024:
2015:
2013:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1990:
1988:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1969:Wayback Machine
1960:
1956:
1947:
1945:
1936:
1935:
1931:
1925:Wayback Machine
1916:
1912:
1906:Wayback Machine
1897:
1893:
1884:
1882:
1873:
1872:
1868:
1859:
1857:
1848:
1847:
1843:
1827:Wayback Machine
1817:
1813:
1801:
1794:
1788:Wayback Machine
1777:Wayback Machine
1768:
1764:
1758:Wayback Machine
1748:
1744:
1720:
1716:
1707:
1705:
1694:
1690:
1685:
1681:
1671:
1669:
1659:
1655:
1645:
1643:
1634:
1633:
1629:
1613:
1612:
1605:
1603:
1581:
1577:
1570:
1554:
1550:
1543:
1526:
1522:
1485:
1481:
1472:
1470:
1460:
1456:
1419:
1415:
1406:
1404:
1395:
1394:
1390:
1381:
1379:
1370:
1369:
1365:
1356:
1354:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1323:Personal armour
1308:Armoured forces
1294:
1282:electric charge
1270:Electric armour
1267:
1265:Electric armour
1261:
1259:Electric armour
1208:
1202:
1160:
1158:Reactive armour
1140:
1131:
1113:
1105:micrometeoroids
1057:First World War
1038:
1032:
979:
973:
956:
912:
888:perpendicularly
862:
827:
821:
784:
773:
767:
764:
749:
733:
722:
636:
605:Reactive armour
567:
557:Plasan Sand Cat
550:
526:
520:
501:combat vehicles
466:laminated glass
421:
415:
361:
355:
335:
308:personal armour
297:
275:
242:
234:grain structure
220:
215:
210:
204:armour plates.
152:micrometeoroids
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3907:
3897:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3884:Vehicle armour
3869:
3868:
3866:
3865:
3855:
3846:
3843:
3842:
3837:
3836:
3834:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3822:
3821:
3819:American fiber
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3790:
3789:
3779:
3773:
3771:
3767:
3766:
3764:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3732:
3730:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3691:
3690:
3685:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3654:
3653:
3642:
3640:
3636:
3635:
3632:
3631:
3629:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3557:
3555:
3551:
3550:
3548:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3481:
3479:
3475:
3474:
3472:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3354:Bangtan Helmet
3350:
3348:
3344:
3343:
3341:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3323:M1937 (Sweden)
3320:
3318:M1926 (Sweden)
3315:
3310:
3308:M1942 Modelo Z
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3203:M36 (Bulgaria)
3200:
3195:
3189:
3187:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3158:
3156:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2987:
2985:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2889:
2887:
2880:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2865:
2863:Witcham Gravel
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2753:Guilden Morden
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2733:Crosby Garrett
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2684:
2682:
2674:
2673:
2666:
2665:
2658:
2651:
2643:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2614:
2612:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2600:
2598:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2564:
2559:
2553:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2475:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2458:
2456:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2444:
2439:
2438:
2437:
2435:Spectra Shield
2427:
2426:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2405:
2399:
2397:
2393:
2392:
2390:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2373:
2371:
2362:
2353:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2299:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2258:
2257:
2256:
2254:Muscle cuirass
2251:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2214:Coat of plates
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2184:Laminar armour
2181:
2176:
2171:
2169:Lorica plumata
2166:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2133:
2131:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2116:Vehicle armour
2113:
2107:
2104:
2103:
2095:
2094:
2087:
2080:
2072:
2066:
2065:
2060:
2053:
2052:External links
2050:
2048:
2047:
2037:on Apr 1, 2018
2022:
1997:
1972:
1954:
1929:
1927:(The Guardian)
1910:
1891:
1866:
1841:
1811:
1792:
1762:
1749:Gary W. Cooke
1742:
1714:
1688:
1679:
1653:
1627:
1575:
1568:
1548:
1541:
1520:
1499:(5): 351–359.
1479:
1454:
1433:(5): 351–359.
1413:
1388:
1363:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1331:
1330:
1328:Plastic armour
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1293:
1290:
1274:United Kingdom
1263:Main article:
1260:
1257:
1204:Main article:
1201:
1198:
1167:high explosive
1156:Main article:
1139:
1136:
1127:Main article:
1112:
1109:
1101:Whipple shield
1099:The analogous
1086:slatted plates
1034:Main article:
1031:
1028:
975:Main article:
972:
969:
955:
952:
948:Spectra Shield
911:
908:
861:
858:
823:Main article:
820:
817:
786:
785:
736:
734:
727:
721:
718:
659:battlecruisers
635:
632:
583:Chobham armour
563:Main article:
549:
546:
542:kinetic energy
522:Main article:
519:
516:
417:Main article:
414:
411:
368:merchant ships
359:Plastic armour
357:Main article:
354:
351:
347:Chobham armour
334:
331:
296:
293:
274:
271:
241:
238:
219:
216:
214:
211:
209:
206:
202:aluminium foam
182:turbine blades
143:of the cargo.
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3906:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3864:
3856:
3852:
3848:
3847:
3844:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3820:
3817:
3816:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3788:
3785:
3784:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3774:
3772:
3768:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3746:Firefighter's
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3733:
3731:
3727:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3680:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3652:
3649:
3648:
3647:
3644:
3643:
3641:
3637:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3601:Hełm wz. 2005
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3558:
3556:
3552:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3530:Hełm wz. 2000
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3482:
3480:
3476:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3374:Hungarian M70
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3351:
3349:
3345:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3328:L'Eplattenier
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3303:M1934 (Spain)
3301:
3299:
3298:M1926 (Spain)
3296:
3294:
3293:M1921 (Spain)
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
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3209:
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3199:
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3178:
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3129:
3127:
3124:
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3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
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3099:
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3092:
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3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3046:Germanic boar
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3036:Falling buffe
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
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2879:
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2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2833:Staffordshire
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
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2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
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2716:
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2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
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2685:
2683:
2675:
2671:
2664:
2659:
2657:
2652:
2650:
2645:
2644:
2641:
2635:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2609:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2595:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2563:
2560:
2558:
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2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
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2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2455:Armor systems
2453:
2443:
2440:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2431:
2428:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2394:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2377:Ceramic plate
2375:
2374:
2372:
2370:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2357:
2354:
2350:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2262:
2259:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2246:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2234:Mirror armour
2232:
2230:
2229:Splint armour
2227:
2225:
2224:Jack of plate
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2164:Lorica hamata
2162:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2105:
2100:
2093:
2088:
2086:
2081:
2079:
2074:
2073:
2070:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2036:
2032:
2026:
2012:on 2012-01-26
2011:
2007:
2001:
1987:on 2009-05-02
1986:
1982:
1976:
1970:
1966:
1963:
1958:
1944:on 2008-04-23
1943:
1939:
1933:
1926:
1922:
1919:
1914:
1907:
1903:
1900:
1895:
1880:
1876:
1870:
1856:on 2012-01-30
1855:
1851:
1845:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1828:
1824:
1821:
1815:
1808:
1805:
1799:
1797:
1789:
1785:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1771:
1766:
1759:
1755:
1752:
1746:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1718:
1704:on 2008-05-18
1703:
1699:
1692:
1683:
1667:
1663:
1657:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1623:
1617:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1579:
1571:
1565:
1561:
1560:
1552:
1544:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1524:
1516:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1483:
1469:
1465:
1458:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1417:
1403:on 2012-09-05
1402:
1398:
1392:
1377:
1373:
1367:
1352:
1348:
1342:
1338:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1289:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1266:
1256:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1245:tandem-charge
1242:
1241:shaped charge
1238:
1230:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1212:
1207:
1197:
1195:
1194:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1181:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1159:
1152:
1149:with Israeli
1148:
1144:
1135:
1130:
1129:Sloped armour
1122:
1117:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1082:
1081:shaped charge
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1065:Saint-Chamond
1062:
1061:Schneider CA1
1058:
1048:
1042:
1037:
1036:Spaced armour
1027:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
988:
984:
978:
968:
960:
951:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
907:
905:
904:survivability
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
875:
871:
867:
857:
855:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
826:
816:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
793:ejection seat
782:
779:
771:
761:
757:
753:
747:
746:
742:
737:This section
735:
731:
726:
725:
717:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
697:
692:
690:
686:
682:
677:
675:
670:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
640:
631:
629:
625:
621:
617:
616:Combination K
613:
608:
606:
601:
599:
595:
592:
591:shaped charge
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
566:
558:
554:
545:
543:
539:
538:hollow charge
534:
530:
525:
524:Ceramic plate
515:
513:
508:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
485:
482:
478:
473:
471:
467:
463:
462:thermoplastic
460:
459:polycarbonate
456:
451:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
425:
420:
410:
408:
404:
399:
396:
391:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
364:Plastic metal
360:
350:
348:
344:
340:
330:
328:
324:
320:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
292:
290:
286:
282:
281:
270:
268:
267:armoured cars
264:
260:
259:
251:
246:
237:
235:
230:
226:
225:
205:
203:
199:
195:
194:nanomaterials
190:
185:
183:
179:
175:
171:
168:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
144:
142:
138:
135:
131:
130:armoured cars
127:
123:
119:
114:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
73:(or armored;
72:
69:are commonly
68:
62:
58:
54:
50:
47:
43:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
3794:Heraldic use
3782:Helmet cover
3554:2001–present
3384:Mº 44 E.T.A.
3238:M42 Duperite
3136:Takula tofao
3086:Lamellenhelm
2984:Early Modern
2982:Medieval and
2953:Montefortino
2698:Benty Grange
2303:Lame (armor)
2286:White armour
2276:Almain rivet
2261:Plate armour
2189:Scale armour
2115:
2039:. Retrieved
2035:the original
2025:
2014:. Retrieved
2010:the original
2000:
1989:. Retrieved
1985:the original
1975:
1957:
1946:. Retrieved
1942:the original
1932:
1913:
1908:(Wired News)
1894:
1883:. Retrieved
1869:
1858:. Retrieved
1854:the original
1844:
1829:
1814:
1806:
1765:
1745:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1717:
1706:. Retrieved
1702:the original
1691:
1682:
1670:. Retrieved
1656:
1644:. Retrieved
1639:
1630:
1616:cite journal
1604:. Retrieved
1592:
1588:
1578:
1558:
1551:
1532:
1523:
1496:
1492:
1482:
1471:. Retrieved
1468:The Engineer
1467:
1457:
1430:
1426:
1416:
1405:. Retrieved
1401:the original
1391:
1380:. Retrieved
1366:
1355:. Retrieved
1351:the original
1341:
1268:
1234:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1184:
1162:
1161:
1132:
1098:
1054:
991:
983:World War II
980:
965:
920:spall liners
919:
913:
910:Spall liners
878:
876:operations.
863:
828:
813:bird strikes
801:Sukhoi Su-25
789:
774:
768:October 2020
765:
750:Please help
738:
701:
700:
693:
678:
671:
645:
609:
602:
598:heavy metals
568:
527:
509:
505:World War II
493:polyurethane
486:
474:
452:
447:
443:
431:
430:
400:
392:
363:
362:
336:
323:Sukhoi Su-25
298:
283:was used on
278:
276:
256:
255:
248:The British
222:
221:
186:
184:break free.
156:space debris
145:
115:
65:
33:
3571:BK-3 helmet
3525:Hełm wz. 93
3449:Paratrooper
3434:Modèle 1978
3429:Modèle 1951
3404:Hełm wz. 67
3399:Hełm wz. 63
3394:Hełm wz. 50
3268:Hełm wz. 31
3233:M33 (Italy)
3172:Pith helmet
3167:Pickelhaube
3155:Late Modern
3131:Spangenhelm
3116:Pickelhaube
3016:Cervelliere
2898:Boar's tusk
2758:Guisborough
2723:Coțofenești
2628:Power armor
2623:Ring armour
2618:Banded mail
2574:Flak jacket
2504:FSBE AAV QR
2494:Dragon Skin
2430:UHMWPE/HPPE
2387:Steel plate
2382:Doron plate
2244:Breastplate
1781:PatentStorm
1724:"appliqué,
1206:Slat armour
1000:Vietnam War
710:hangar deck
706:flight deck
702:Deck armour
655:battleships
647:Belt armour
589:as well as
479:, Cyrolon,
455:transparent
174:gas turbine
160:jet engines
61:slat armour
3878:Categories
3705:Motorcycle
3688:Revolution
3673:Equestrian
3500:M90 (Iraq)
3081:Kulah khud
3041:Frog-mouth
2918:Corinthian
2908:Chalcidian
2838:Sutton Hoo
2823:Ribchester
2783:Iron Gates
2778:Horncastle
2748:Gjermundbu
2718:Coppergate
2708:Canterbury
2679:historical
2677:Individual
2597:Components
2418:Kevlar KM2
2219:Brigandine
2194:Chain mail
2137:Linothorax
2111:Body armor
2041:2012-01-29
2016:2012-01-29
1991:2012-01-29
1948:2018-11-18
1885:2012-01-29
1860:2012-01-29
1708:2012-01-29
1473:2020-09-16
1407:2012-01-29
1382:2012-01-29
1357:2012-01-29
1334:References
1151:Blazer ERA
1004:gun trucks
971:Improvised
874:withdrawal
628:fibreglass
477:Makroclear
470:small arms
250:Fox CVR(W)
229:cast steel
198:buckypaper
148:spacecraft
21:Body armor
3831:Zuckerman
3787:Mitznefet
3736:Custodian
3715:Scrum cap
3683:Eyeshield
3561:A2 Helmet
3478:1980–2000
3464:Swiss M71
3347:1945–1980
3186:1914–1945
3056:Hounskull
2938:Kegelhelm
2589:Stab vest
2584:Bomb suit
2579:Riot gear
2472:Steel Bib
2403:Gold Flex
2239:Klivanion
2147:Buff coat
1838:0004-2528
1672:1 October
1646:1 October
1606:1 October
1601:0004-2420
1515:2214-9147
1449:2214-9147
1237:anti-tank
1180:Kontakt-5
1171:detonates
1014:armoured
845:weapons,
805:Mil Mi-24
739:does not
674:waterline
665:and some
594:munitions
579:Composite
548:Composite
380:limestone
327:Mil Mi-24
258:Aluminium
240:Aluminium
208:Materials
167:composite
141:hijacking
126:reporters
118:officials
53:composite
46:M1 Abrams
42:U.S. Army
3809:Tarnhelm
3751:Hard hat
3700:Lacrosse
3639:Athletic
3611:KH-B2000
3586:ECH (US)
3414:M76 Para
3359:CABAL II
3031:Enclosed
3011:Burgonet
3006:Bascinet
2996:Aventail
2973:Shmarjet
2963:Phrygian
2933:Imperial
2928:Illyrian
2903:Boeotian
2858:Waterloo
2853:Venetian
2828:Shorwell
2808:Nijmegen
2803:Newstead
2763:Hallaton
2743:Gevninge
2713:Ciumeşti
2688:Agighiol
2603:Medieval
2519:MTV/IMTV
2333:Haramaki
2142:Gambeson
1965:Archived
1921:Archived
1902:Archived
1879:Archived
1823:Archived
1784:Archived
1773:Archived
1754:Archived
1664:(1995).
1376:Archived
1292:See also
1138:Reactive
1002:, U.S. "
954:Appliqué
916:Cold War
900:landmine
720:Aircraft
696:buoyancy
663:cruisers
575:ceramics
300:Titanium
295:Titanium
277:Wrought
178:airframe
107:aircraft
95:missiles
79:shrapnel
71:armoured
57:reactive
3804:Mahiole
3761:Welding
3668:Cricket
3663:Bicycle
3651:Coolflo
3646:Batting
3540:SPECTRA
3469:Type 66
3162:Dragoon
3126:Secrete
3061:Jingasa
3026:Dragoon
3001:Barbute
2886:Ancient
2818:Pioneer
2793:Meyrick
2788:Lokrume
2681:helmets
2670:Helmets
2562:BA 9000
2489:IBA/OTV
2328:Dō-maru
2323:Ō-yoroi
2249:Cuirass
2199:Hauberk
2121:Barding
1276:by the
1121:Merkava
1016:Humvees
987:Sherman
944:Dyneema
928:aramids
880:Sloping
870:defence
854:Merkava
851:Israeli
760:removed
745:sources
712:. (See
685:torpedo
529:Ceramic
518:Ceramic
440:bullets
384:bitumen
376:granite
370:by the
353:Plastic
333:Uranium
139:or the
137:robbery
134:highway
120:(e.g.,
91:rockets
83:bullets
3854:Portal
3826:Winged
3799:Horned
3777:Flight
3741:Diving
3710:Racing
3695:Hockey
3576:QGF-03
3510:M59/85
3459:SSh-68
3454:SSh-60
3444:OR-201
3389:M59/85
3313:SSK 90
3283:SSh-36
3258:Mk III
3198:Brodie
3193:Adrian
3146:Viking
3141:Turban
3121:Sallet
3111:Paseki
3101:Morion
3076:Kettle
3071:Katapu
3066:Kabuto
2913:Coolus
2878:Combat
2813:Peretu
2798:Nemiya
2768:Hellvi
2524:PRU-70
2423:Twaron
2413:Kevlar
2408:Aramid
2338:Tatami
2157:Manica
2099:Armour
1836:
1599:
1566:
1539:
1513:
1447:
1253:RPG-29
1249:RPG-27
1175:copper
1111:Sloped
1073:sloped
1030:Spaced
996:M4A3E2
940:UHMWPE
936:Twaron
932:Kevlar
892:v-hull
860:Layout
624:glacis
503:since
472:fire.
213:Metals
200:, and
189:design
170:kevlar
164:aramid
109:, and
93:, and
87:shells
3770:Other
3535:Sfera
3520:PASGT
3505:JK 96
3495:GOLFO
3485:CG634
3439:MPC-1
3419:Mk IV
3106:Nasal
3096:Mempo
3051:Great
3021:Close
2991:Armet
2968:Pilos
2958:Negau
2943:Konos
2923:Galea
2893:Attic
2848:Veksø
2843:Tjele
2738:Emesa
2693:Agris
2499:CIRAS
2479:PASGT
2101:types
1807:MSNBC
1229:ATGMs
1008:steel
884:angle
681:shell
634:Ships
571:steel
481:Lexan
436:glass
413:Glass
388:steel
218:Steel
111:ships
103:tanks
101:like
3814:Pith
3729:Work
3626:Mk 7
3621:MICH
3606:IHPS
3596:6B47
3591:FAST
3424:Mk 6
3369:GK80
2868:Yarm
2703:Broe
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