253:) long and for loading is swung into the horizontal position. At the lower end of the barrel is the breech-block and projectile guide. Bringing the M-240 into action takes approximately 25 minutes, slightly less to move it after firing. The weight in action is approximately 4,150 kg (9,150 lb). The HE bomb weighs 130 kg (290 lb), of which 34 kg (75 lb) is the explosive payload. The mortar bomb is almost 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in) long, is brought to the mortar on a two-wheeled trolley and a team of five is used for loading. Large tongs/gripping pincers are used to lift the bomb from the trolley onto the projectile guide, with two men on each handle and the fifth steadying the fins. The bomb is then pushed into the barrel and the breech is closed. The barrel is then raised to the firing position. The rate of fire is about 1 round per minute.
610:
596:
650:
623:
33:
238:
a towing bar with a lunette. The sights are carried separately and are mounted on the mortar only when firing. The shock absorbers are used to protect the sights from firing vibrations and also provide the link between the ordnance and the mount. It is also used when the mounting returns to the loading position after firing. The boom provides stability when firing and also has two winches to convert the mortar from the firing to the traveling configuration.
246:
speed of 40 km/h (25 mph), muzzle first by an AT-P, AT-L or AT-S tractor, which also carries the 11-man crew. Additional vehicles carry the ammunition and emplacing equipment. On arrival at the firing position, which has to be on firm ground, the mortar is uncoupled from the tractor and the towing lunette is removed. The large circular welded baseplate is lowered to the ground and packed with earth to provide a stable firing platform.
563:
576:
636:
549:
535:
506:
522:
1321:
257:
237:
The mortar consists of a smooth-bored barrel with a breech and a breech-block frame, a frame with shock absorbers, mount with training and equilibrating mechanisms, a two-wheel traveling carriage with the suspension, a boom for changing from the firing to the traveling configuration, a baseplate and
245:
The M-240 has a minimum range of 800 m (2,600 ft) and a maximum range of 9.7 km (6.0 mi). Traverse is limited to 18°, while elevation ranges from +45 to +65°. The sights, elevation and traverse gears are on the left side of the barrel. The mortar is normally towed, at a maximum
399:
machine gun fire from one of
Massoud's fortress, the 240 mm battery engaged the target and destroyed it in 12 to 15 minutes with 5 to 6 rounds, the mortar's high angle of fire proving effective in circumventing the fortress walls where 122 mm howitzer bombardments had previously failed. Troops
358:
The 240 mm mortars were greatly feared because their enormous warheads were effective even against targets under cover. The Syrian mortars continued to fire on Hermon after the official end of hostilities, and were nicknamed "Goliaths" by
Israelis both because of their size, and also after the
241:
It is mounted on a wheeled carriage that supports the cradle and barrel much as in a conventional field gun. Unlike most other mortars, there is no bipod. The barrel is mounted at its centre of gravity in trunnions, which allow the barrel to be depressed to the horizontal for loading.
452:
instead, but their presence has not been confirmed, unlike that of the M240). The use of such heavy weapons in heavy-populated civilian areas was first confirmed from the tail fin of an exploded 240 mm shell in Homs in 2012, raising an outcry from human rights organizations such as
400:
reported that the mortar was highly accurate and usually a single hit sufficed to destroy a target; furthermore, the heavy shells were little affected by weather conditions. However, the mortar was vulnerable to jamming if the barrel was dirty or damaged.
276:
In addition to the standard F-864 high-explosive round used by the M240, a number of specialized munitions exist for the 240 mm mortar using 3M15 rocket motors to extend the range to 20 km (12 mi). The variants include:
460:
Reports of M240 mortar use became scarce after 2012, possibly because of depletion of munitions stock, but in 2015 and 2016 the exploded casings of two dozen rocket-assisted 3O8 240 mm shells were identified in the suburbs of
980:
1071:
981:"114 Statement in the Knesset by Defense Minister Rabin on the Situation in Lebanon- 29 November 1989. The Christian Lebanese Forces militia had 3 M240s which they obtained in 1982 and 1988"
1471:
1096:
988:
831:
797:
1122:
1019:
359:
codename of a concrete underground bunker one of the batteries was firing from. One source implies that a covert
Israeli raid was launched to destroy this position.
953:
1247:
1045:
1464:
1983:
1067:
1457:
761:
340:
481:, which had never before been confirmed used in combat, causing some to speculate their employment may reflect renewed Russian support.
372:
1352:
1618:
1241:
898:
864:
823:
787:
1978:
1325:
1011:
930:
731:
1585:
888:
1729:
1167:
1163:
368:
1228:
1285:
1151:
1041:
1068:"Written Testimony of Maria McFarland to the Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission on the Human Rights Crisis in Syria"
1709:
854:
100:
682:"The largest-caliber mortar system in the world is shelling cities in Syria and Ukraine (1/2) | Offiziere.ch"
1744:
1901:
1304:
681:
318:
The Soviet Union also developed laser-guided "Daredevil" rounds for precision strikes against fortifications.
1528:
1523:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1345:
448:, making it the largest mortar weapon employed in contemporary warfare. (Some reports cited the use of
376:
1973:
1552:
627:
490:
757:
457:. Later, videos documented both 240 mm mortars firing and the shells landing on buildings in Syria.
1911:
1845:
1819:
1782:
1681:
1547:
1449:
1097:"Ukrainian Army Uses the M-240 "Museum" Mortar to Destroy russian Occupiers in the South (Photo)"
1201:
1338:
173:
1785:
1772:
1767:
1580:
1499:
395:, including the first use of specialized laser-guided "Daredevil" rounds. After encountering
84:
792:
285:
8:
1562:
250:
1891:
1856:
1438:
1423:
454:
409:
388:
153:
92:
80:
1724:
1538:
1376:
1300:
1281:
1237:
1147:
894:
860:
478:
367:
The first use in combat by the Soviet Union of 240 mm mortars was in 1985 during the
305:
88:
1799:
1754:
1433:
494:
441:
347:, succeeding in disrupting Israeli intelligence-gathering and communications. The
295:
96:
1914:
1794:
1638:
1628:
1623:
1330:
417:
392:
226:
43:
1236:(in Romanian). Editura Centrului Tehnic-Editorial al Armatei. pp. 135–136.
922:
1876:
735:
601:
336:
222:
76:
489:
An unknown amount of M240 mortars were reactivated by
Ukraine and used in the
1967:
1937:
1809:
1176:
425:
348:
1871:
1866:
1719:
1714:
1656:
1491:
1480:
1428:
1362:
655:
470:
229:
that fires a 130 kilogram (290 lb) projectile. It entered service in 1953.
215:
193:
53:
32:
1922:
1886:
1822:
1661:
1651:
856:
Inside Israel's
Northern Command: The Yom Kippur War on the Syrian Border
449:
429:
421:
413:
332:
265:
1952:
1942:
1896:
1699:
859:(2016 US ed.). Lexington, Kentucky: University of Kentucky Press.
384:
352:
183:
129:
1947:
1932:
1671:
1572:
1487:
351:
also used 240 mm mortars in its assault on the fortifications of the
339:. On the opening day of the war, they struck the Israeli outposts at
1123:"The Biggest Mortars In Ukraine Are Slow, Devastating Siege Weapons"
685:
1927:
1881:
1848:
1804:
1595:
1513:
1479:
1407:
1402:
1397:
568:
462:
355:, favoring the heavy shells for destroying Israeli fortifications.
1162:
1861:
1508:
641:
581:
505:
163:
1835:
1830:
1694:
1484:
1320:
1175:. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. A-79. Archived from
758:"Weapons Systems of the Former USSR & Russia: Fire Support"
527:
466:
344:
1226:
788:"Soviet 3O8 240 mm rocket-assisted cargo projectiles in Syria"
256:
1762:
1739:
1734:
1704:
1689:
1557:
1518:
1381:
554:
540:
380:
268:, the mortar is also used in a self-propelled configuration.
509:
Map with M240 operators in blue with former operators in red
298:, carries 14 x O-10 HE-FRAG parachute-retarded submunitions)
1646:
615:
445:
396:
249:
The smoothbore barrel is 5.34 m (17.5 ft) (22.25
440:
The Syrian Army employed towed M240 240 mm mortars in the
1042:"'Friends of Syria': Push to End Indiscriminate Shelling"
474:
424:
in 1989 as part of an offensive to dislodge
Christian
1012:"240mm Heavy Mortars in Syria – a closer examination"
786:
Lyamin, Yuri; Jenzen-Jones, N.R. (15 December 2015).
1360:
1208:. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
824:"On the combat use of mortar M-240 in Afghanistan"
785:
1091:
1089:
604:– only four 2S4 vehicles used since 1985 to 1991.
1965:
1280:. Weapons and Warfare. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO.
335:deployed 240 mm mortars to the frontline in the
1278:Artillery: An Illustrated History of Its Impact
1086:
890:Israeli Fortifications of the October War 1973
484:
208:20 km (12 mi) (with rocket-assisted)
1465:
1346:
1009:
705:
703:
1984:Military equipment introduced in the 1950s
1472:
1458:
1353:
1339:
644:– used in small numbers from 1953 to 1995.
1227:Adrian Stroea; Gheorghe Băjenaru (2010).
1044:. Human Rights Watch. 24 February 2012.
717:
715:
700:
504:
271:
255:
886:
817:
815:
732:"Russian 240-mm mortar - by WL Ruffell"
1966:
1619:152 mm towed gun-howitzer M1955 (D-20)
1275:
821:
781:
779:
321:
1453:
1334:
1070:. Human Rights Watch. 28 March 2012.
954:"The Use of Artillery in Afghanistan"
920:
852:
800:from the original on 19 February 2016
764:from the original on 27 February 2012
712:
444:starting in 2012 against the city of
403:
121:Combat: 4,150 kg (9,150 lb)
118:Static: 3,610 kg (7,960 lb)
1294:
1146:Jane's Armour and Artillery 1997-98
951:
812:
513:
1586:130 mm towed field gun M1954 (M-46)
1230:Artileria româna în date si imagini
1074:from the original on 11 August 2016
1010:Jenzen-Jones, N.R. (22 June 2012).
985:Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs
776:
587:
435:
13:
1253:from the original on 20 March 2012
1164:Marine Corps Intelligence Activity
1022:from the original on 14 March 2016
432:, inflicting over 900 casualties.
369:Soviet intervention in Afghanistan
14:
1995:
1314:
1048:from the original on 31 July 2017
978:
933:from the original on 10 June 2016
893:. Osprey Publishing. p. 51.
834:from the original on 4 April 2016
326:
1319:
648:
634:
621:
608:
594:
574:
561:
547:
533:
520:
31:
1220:
1194:
1156:
1140:
1120:
1114:
1060:
1034:
1003:
972:
945:
914:
630:– received 3 from Iraq in 1988.
880:
846:
750:
724:
674:
493:and in the Donbas region near
362:
232:
203:Maximum firing range
16:Soviet-made towed heavy mortar
1:
1295:Foss, Christopher F. (1974).
1269:
1206:SIPRI Arms Transfers Database
379:used 240 mm mortars towed by
221:is a 240 millimeter (9.4 in)
1529:152 mm air defense gun KM-52
1524:130 mm air defense gun KS-30
1519:100 mm air defense gun KS-19
667:
500:
7:
1979:Mortars of the Soviet Union
1614:152 mm howitzer 2A65 Msta-B
1609:152 mm howitzer M1943 (D-1)
1604:122 mm howitzer 2A18 (D-30)
485:Russian invasion of Ukraine
375:artillery battalion of the
101:Russian invasion of Ukraine
10:
2000:
1563:125 mm anti-tank gun Sprut
1558:100 mm anti-tank gun MT-12
377:108th Motor Rifle Division
1910:
1844:
1818:
1781:
1753:
1682:Multiple rocket launchers
1680:
1637:
1594:
1571:
1553:100 mm anti-tank gun T-12
1537:
1498:
1416:
1390:
1369:
1299:. Shepperton: Ian Allan.
491:Southern Ukraine campaign
206:9.7 km (6.0 mi)
202:
192:
182:
172:
162:
152:
147:
139:
128:
111:
106:
72:
64:
59:
50:Place of origin
49:
39:
30:
23:
1548:85 mm anti-tank gun D-48
822:Scherbakov, Constantin.
662:
416:M240 240 mm mortars and
391:in the Charikorskoy and
887:Dunstan, Simon (2008).
428:faction leader General
219:240 mm mortar M240
1297:Artillery of the World
709:Kinard (2007), p. 479.
658:– passed on to Russia.
510:
371:. A battery from the
261:
194:Rate of fire
1773:B-11 recoilless rifle
1768:B-10 recoilless rifle
1581:D-74 122 mm field gun
1328:at Wikimedia Commons
1276:Kinard, Jeff (2007).
1169:Iraq Country Handbook
508:
383:tractors against the
272:Specialized munitions
259:
158:(HE) 130 kg (286 lbs)
1016:The Rogue Adventurer
853:Asher, Dani (2014).
793:armamentresearch.com
688:on 22 September 2020
286:high explosive shell
135:534 cm (17 ft 6 ins)
1326:240 mm mortar M-240
960:. www.otvaga2004.ru
721:Foss (1974), p. 75.
477:O-10 fragmentation
322:Operational history
25:240 mm mortar M240
1892:2S35 Koalitsiya-SV
1857:2A3 Kondensator 2P
1667:240 mm mortar M240
1377:37 mm Spade mortar
1361:Soviet mortars of
923:"Artillery Effect"
511:
455:Human Rights Watch
410:Lebanese Civil War
404:Lebanese Civil War
389:Ahmed Shah Massoud
262:
93:Second Chechen War
81:Lebanese Civil War
1961:
1960:
1755:Recoilless rifles
1447:
1446:
1324:Media related to
1243:978-606-524-080-3
1202:"Trade Registers"
1101:en.defence-ua.com
921:Harksberg, Alon.
900:978-1-84603-361-2
866:978-0-8131-6766-4
830:. otvaga2004.ru.
514:Current operators
479:cluster munitions
473:, accompanied by
225:smoothbore heavy
212:
211:
89:First Chechen War
85:Soviet–Afghan War
1991:
1974:240 mm artillery
1800:ZSU-37-2 Yenisei
1474:
1467:
1460:
1451:
1450:
1355:
1348:
1341:
1332:
1331:
1323:
1310:
1291:
1263:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1252:
1235:
1224:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1181:
1174:
1160:
1154:
1144:
1138:
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1133:
1118:
1112:
1111:
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1107:
1093:
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1079:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1007:
1001:
1000:
998:
996:
991:on 20 April 2016
987:. Archived from
976:
970:
969:
967:
965:
949:
943:
942:
940:
938:
918:
912:
911:
909:
907:
884:
878:
877:
875:
873:
850:
844:
843:
841:
839:
819:
810:
809:
807:
805:
783:
774:
773:
771:
769:
754:
748:
747:
745:
743:
738:on 7 August 2011
734:. Archived from
728:
722:
719:
710:
707:
698:
697:
695:
693:
684:. Archived from
678:
654:
652:
651:
640:
638:
637:
626:
625:
624:
614:
612:
611:
600:
598:
597:
588:Former operators
580:
578:
577:
567:
565:
564:
553:
551:
550:
539:
537:
536:
526:
524:
523:
465:, as well as in
442:Syrian Civil War
436:Syrian Civil War
418:S-23 180 mm guns
296:cluster munition
97:Syrian Civil War
35:
26:
21:
20:
1999:
1998:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1964:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1906:
1840:
1814:
1795:ZSU-23-4 Shilka
1777:
1749:
1725:9К512 Uragan-1M
1676:
1633:
1629:180 mm gun S-23
1624:2A36 Giatsint-B
1590:
1567:
1533:
1494:
1478:
1448:
1443:
1412:
1386:
1365:
1359:
1317:
1307:
1288:
1272:
1267:
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1256:
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1195:
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1103:
1095:
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1077:
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1066:
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1061:
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1049:
1040:
1039:
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1023:
1008:
1004:
994:
992:
977:
973:
963:
961:
952:Belogurd, V.V.
950:
946:
936:
934:
919:
915:
905:
903:
901:
885:
881:
871:
869:
867:
851:
847:
837:
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813:
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784:
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751:
741:
739:
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713:
708:
701:
691:
689:
680:
679:
675:
670:
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649:
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635:
633:
628:Lebanese Forces
622:
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609:
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593:
590:
575:
573:
562:
560:
548:
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534:
532:
521:
519:
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503:
487:
438:
406:
393:Panjshir valley
365:
329:
324:
274:
264:As part of the
235:
207:
168:240 mm (9.4 in)
148:
124:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
65:In service
60:Service history
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1997:
1987:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1919:
1917:
1912:Self-propelled
1908:
1907:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1877:2S5 Giatsint-S
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1853:
1851:
1846:Self-propelled
1842:
1841:
1839:
1838:
1833:
1827:
1825:
1820:Self-propelled
1816:
1815:
1813:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1791:
1789:
1783:Self-propelled
1779:
1778:
1776:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1759:
1757:
1751:
1750:
1748:
1747:
1742:
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1436:
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1426:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1394:
1392:
1391:Medium mortars
1388:
1387:
1385:
1384:
1379:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1366:
1358:
1357:
1350:
1343:
1335:
1316:
1315:External links
1313:
1312:
1311:
1305:
1292:
1286:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1242:
1219:
1193:
1182:on 28 May 2005
1155:
1139:
1113:
1085:
1059:
1033:
1002:
971:
944:
927:Usenet Archive
913:
899:
879:
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811:
775:
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723:
711:
699:
672:
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645:
631:
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605:
602:Czechoslovakia
589:
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584:
571:
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544:
530:
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512:
502:
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486:
483:
437:
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405:
402:
364:
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337:Yom Kippur War
328:
327:Yom Kippur War
325:
323:
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316:
315:
309:
299:
289:
273:
270:
234:
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223:breech loading
210:
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198:1 round/minute
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107:Specifications
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1951:
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1944:
1941:
1939:
1938:2S39 Magnolia
1936:
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1926:
1924:
1921:
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1918:
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1810:2K22 Tunguska
1808:
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1786:anti-aircraft
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1500:Anti-aircraft
1497:
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1417:Heavy mortars
1415:
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1370:Light mortars
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1152:0-7106-1542-6
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426:Lebanese Army
423:
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349:Egyptian Army
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307:
306:nuclear shell
303:
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297:
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269:
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260:A 2S4 Tyulpan
258:
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38:
34:
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22:
19:
1872:2S3 Akatsiya
1867:2S1 Gvozdika
1823:assault guns
1720:BM-30 Smerch
1715:BM-27 Uragan
1666:
1657:M-160 mortar
1492:World War II
1439:160 mm M1943
1434:120 mm PM-43
1429:120 mm PM-38
1424:107 mm PM-38
1363:World War II
1318:
1296:
1277:
1255:. Retrieved
1229:
1222:
1210:. Retrieved
1205:
1196:
1184:. Retrieved
1177:the original
1168:
1158:
1142:
1130:. Retrieved
1126:
1121:Axe, David.
1116:
1104:. Retrieved
1100:
1076:. Retrieved
1062:
1050:. Retrieved
1036:
1024:. Retrieved
1015:
1005:
993:. Retrieved
989:the original
984:
974:
962:. Retrieved
957:
947:
935:. Retrieved
926:
916:
904:. Retrieved
889:
882:
870:. Retrieved
855:
848:
836:. Retrieved
827:
804:10 September
802:. Retrieved
791:
766:. Retrieved
752:
740:. Retrieved
736:the original
726:
692:11 September
690:. Retrieved
686:the original
676:
656:Soviet Union
488:
459:
439:
407:
366:
357:
330:
317:
314:(incendiary)
311:
301:
291:
281:
275:
263:
248:
244:
240:
236:
218:
213:
178:+45° to +65°
132: length
54:Soviet Union
44:Towed mortar
18:
1923:2S4 Tyulpan
1902:A-222 Bereg
1887:2S19 Msta-S
1745:Zemledeliye
1662:2B9 Vasilek
1652:2B14 Podnos
1408:82 mm PM-41
1403:82 mm BM-37
1398:82 mm BM-36
1382:50 mm RM-38
475:un-exploded
467:East Ghouta
450:2S4 Tyulpan
430:Michel Aoun
422:East Beirut
414:Syrian Army
408:During the
363:Afghanistan
333:Syrian Army
266:2S4 Tyulpan
233:Description
1968:Categories
1953:2S42 Lotos
1943:2S40 Floks
1897:2S43 Malva
1700:BM-21 Grad
1573:Field guns
1306:0711005052
1270:References
1257:9 December
1186:28 January
1132:20 October
768:11 October
742:11 October
387:forces of
385:Muhajeddin
353:Suez Canal
282:3F2 Gagara
1948:2S41 Drok
1933:2S31 Vena
1849:howitzers
1672:2S12 Sani
1596:Howitzers
1539:Anti-tank
1488:artillery
1106:7 January
668:Citations
501:Operators
341:Tel Fares
292:3O8 Nerpa
174:Elevation
1928:2S9 Nona
1882:2S7 Pion
1805:ZSU-57-2
1514:AZP S-60
1248:Archived
1166:(1998).
1078:31 March
1072:Archived
1046:Archived
1026:31 March
1020:Archived
995:31 March
964:31 March
937:31 March
931:Archived
906:31 March
872:31 March
838:31 March
832:Archived
798:Archived
762:Archived
569:Bulgaria
463:Damascus
420:shelled
251:calibers
184:Traverse
1915:mortars
1862:2B1 Oka
1730:Tornado
1639:Mortars
1509:ZU-23-2
1485:Russian
979:Rabin.
958:Courage
828:Courage
642:Romania
582:Ukraine
495:Marinka
164:Caliber
1836:ASU-85
1831:ASU-57
1695:BMD-20
1490:after
1481:Soviet
1303:
1284:
1240:
1150:
1127:Forbes
1052:1 June
897:
863:
653:
639:
613:
599:
579:
566:
557:– (10)
552:
543:– (24)
538:
528:Russia
525:
373:1074th
345:Hermon
227:mortar
216:Soviet
130:Barrel
1763:SPG-9
1740:TOS-2
1735:TOS-1
1710:BM-25
1705:BM-24
1690:BM-14
1251:(PDF)
1234:(PDF)
1212:1 May
1180:(PDF)
1173:(PDF)
663:Notes
555:Syria
541:Egypt
471:Douma
381:MT-LB
312:Sayda
154:Shell
68:1953-
1788:guns
1647:2B11
1541:guns
1502:guns
1483:and
1301:ISBN
1282:ISBN
1259:2018
1238:ISBN
1214:2023
1188:2024
1148:ISBN
1134:2023
1108:2023
1080:2016
1054:2019
1028:2016
997:2016
966:2016
939:2016
908:2016
895:ISBN
874:2016
861:ISBN
840:2016
806:2023
770:2011
744:2011
694:2020
616:Iraq
469:and
446:Homs
397:DShK
343:and
331:The
302:3B11
214:The
140:Crew
112:Mass
73:Wars
40:Type
188:17°
1970::
1246:.
1204:.
1125:.
1099:.
1088:^
1018:.
1014:.
983:.
956:.
929:.
925:.
826:.
814:^
796:.
790:.
778:^
760:.
714:^
702:^
497:.
412:,
143:11
1473:e
1466:t
1459:v
1354:e
1347:t
1340:v
1309:.
1290:.
1261:.
1216:.
1190:.
1136:.
1110:.
1082:.
1056:.
1030:.
999:.
968:.
941:.
910:.
876:.
842:.
808:.
772:.
746:.
696:.
308:)
304:(
294:(
288:)
284:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
