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a steady rise in the number of flash floods. The rising number of extreme rain events are attributed to an increase in the fluctuations of the monsoon westerly winds, due to increased warming in the
Arabian Sea. This results in occasional surges of moisture transport from the Arabian Sea to the subcontinent, resulting in widespread heavy rains lasting for 2–3 days. The Mumbai 2005 floods also occurred due to moisture surge from the Arabian Sea, and the heavy rains were not confined to Mumbai but spread over a large region across central India.
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256:
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Climate change has played an important role in causing large-scale floods across central India, especially the Mumbai floods of 2005. During 1901–2015, there has been a three-fold rise in widespread extreme rainfall events, over the entire central belt of India from Mumbai to
Bhubaneshwar, leading to
475:
to study the matter. Implementation of the project would have ensured that rainwater did not flood the streets of Mumbai. The project was planned to have completed by 2002 and aimed to enhance the drainage system through larger diameter storm water drains and pipes, using pumps wherever necessary and
185:
Many people were stranded on the roads, lost their homes while many walked long distances back home from work that evening. The floods were caused by the eighth heaviest-ever recorded 24-hour rainfall figure of 944 mm (37.17 inches) which lashed the metropolis on 26 July 2005, and intermittently
371:
equipment and extremely poor visibility. Over 700 flights were cancelled or delayed. The airports reopened on the morning of 28 July 2005. Within 24 hours of the airports becoming operational, there were 185 departures and 184 arrivals, including international flights. Again from early morning of 31
491:
The
Environment Ministry of the Government of India was informed in the early 1990s that sanctioning the Bandra-Kurla Complex,a commercial complex in northern Mumbai was leading to disaster. No environment clearance is mandatory for large urban construction projects in northern Mumbai. Officials in
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Two days after reopening the airport, Air India Flight 127 suffered a runway excursion due to hydroplaning after the aircraft skidded on landing on a wet runway. There were no casualties but the aircraft suffered minor damage, and the runway was put out of service as the aircraft damaged the runway
521:
and Mahim Creek are being destroyed and replaced with construction. Hundreds of acres of swamps in Mahim creek have been reclaimed and put to use for construction by builders. These ecosystems serve as a buffer between land and sea. It is estimated that Mumbai has lost about 40% of its mangroves
451:
The present storm-water drainage system in Mumbai was put in place in the early 20th century and is capable of carrying only 25.1237 millimetres of water per hour which was extremely inadequate on a day when 993 mm of rain fell in the city. The drainage system was also clogged at several
542:
The floods have been the subject of research by scientists and social scientists attempting to understand the causes, impacts, and short/long term consequences. Scholars have studied the floods in Mumbai from the perspectives of climate change, disaster management / mitigation, urban health,
322:, stopped functioning from the afternoon of 26 July 2005 at all the centres of Mumbai. ATM transactions could not be carried out in several parts of India on 26 July or 27 July due to failure of the connectivity with their central systems located in Mumbai.
556:. Aromar Revi (2005) draws lessons from the floods for prioritising multi-hazard risk mitigation. Parthasarathy (2009) links social and environmental insecurities to show that the most marginalised groups were also the most affected by the floods.
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continued for the next day. 644mm (25.35 inches) was received within the 12-hour period between 8 am and 8 pm. Torrential rainfall continued for the next week. The highest 24-hour period in India was 1,168 mm (46.0 inches) in
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Development in certain parts of Mumbai is haphazard and buildings are constructed without proper planning. The drainage plans in northern suburbs is chalked out as and when required in a particular area and not from an overall point of view.
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The banking transactions across the counters were adversely affected and many branches and commercial establishments were unable to function from late evening of 26 July 2005. The state government declared 27 and 28 July as public holidays.
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Only 3 'outfalls' (ways out to the sea) are equipped with floodgates whereas the remaining 102 open directly into the sea for more than 24 hours. As a result, there is no way to stop the seawater from rushing into the drainage system during
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and encroachment etc. Kapil Gupta (2007) assesses urban flood resilience, while
Andharia (2006) contrasts the "widespread acts of generosity and altruism" in Mumbai with the general social disorder that was seen in the aftermath of
288:
The financial cost of floods was unprecedented and these floods caused a stoppage of entire commercial, trading, and industrial activity for days. Preliminary indications indicate that the floods caused a direct loss of about
240:
movement came to a halt by 2:30 p.m. due to the water-logging on the tracks. This caused traffic on roads to increase dramatically with water logging and submerging of certain low-lying pockets of the region, such as
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Thousands of school children were stranded due to flooding and could not reach home for up to 24 hours. The following two days were declared as school and college holidays by the state government.
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on 6 May 2004 although some reports suggest that it was a new Indian record. The previous record high rainfall in a 24-hour period for Mumbai was 575 mm (22.6 inches) in 1974.
816:
Parthasarathy, D, "Social and environmental insecurities in Mumbai: towards a sociological perspective on vulnerability", South
African Review of Sociology, Volume 40, Issue 1, 2009
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The BMC committee had rejected the proposed project on the grounds that it was "too costly". These were few of the drawbacks due to which the city suffered so gravely.
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Revi, Aromar, "Lessons from the Deluge: Priorities for Multi-Hazard Risk
Mitigation", Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 40, No. 36 (3–9 Sep 2005), pp. 3911–3916
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Gupta, Kapil, "Urban flood resilience planning and management and lessons for the future: a case study of Mumbai, India", Urban Water
Journal, Volume 4, Issue 3, 2007
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According to the .in registrar (personal communication), the .in DNS servers in Mumbai had to be reconfigured because the servers were not operational.
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the environment ministry claimed that it was not practical to impose new guidelines with retrospective effect "as there are millions of buildings".
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A blog dedicated to disseminate information on emergency services, helplines, infolines, relief/rehab organisations and their activities etc.
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Roxy, M. K.; Ghosh, Subimal; Pathak, Amey; Athulya, R.; Mujumdar, Milind; Murtugudde, Raghu; Terray, Pascal; Rajeevan, M. (3 October 2017).
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Rail links were disrupted, and reports on late evening of 30 July indicated cancellation of several long distance trains till 6 August 2005.
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In 1990, an ambitious plan was drawn to overhaul the city's storm water drainage system which had never been reviewed in over 50 years. A
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5.50 billion (€80 million or US$ 100 million). The financial impact of the floods were manifested in a variety of ways:
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July, with increase in water logging of the runways and different parts of Mumbai, most of the flights were indefinitely cancelled.
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removing encroachments. The project, if implemented would have doubled the storm water carrying capacity to 50 mm per hour.
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closed at an all-time high of 7605.03 on 27 July 2005. The
Exchanges, however, remained closed for the following day.
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234:(IMD) station in Santacruz recorded 944 millimetres (37.2 in). This is the wettest day on record in Mumbai.
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Anjaria, Jonathan
Shapiro "Urban Calamities: A View From Mumbai", Space and Culture, Vol. 9, No. 1, 80–82, 2006
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of the brokerage houses across the country remained largely inoperative. In partial trading, the
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A blog dedicated for news, links and personal stories related to this tragedy.
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to overflow and all water lines were contaminated. The
Government ordered all
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590:, a 2009 Indian Hindi drama film is set against the backdrop of the disaster.
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709:"A threefold rise in widespread extreme rain events over central India"
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in particular was created by replacing such swamps. Mindspace CBD (
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between 1995 and 2005, some to builders and some to encroachment (
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526:). Sewage and garbage dumps have also destroyed mangroves. The
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Factors aggravating the flood of 26th July 2005 in Mumbai
393:, an unprecedented 5 million mobile and 2.3 million
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was struck by a severe storm and subsequent deluge. The
27:
2005 natural disaster in the Indian state of Maharashtra
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Uncontrolled, unplanned development in Northern Suburbs
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773:"'Mumbai Mega Flood' on National Geographic Channel"
679:"Mumbai airport becomes operational after two days"
471:was proposed by UK based consultants hired by the
361:Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport
354:Effect on Mumbai's links to the rest of the world
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1824:Tamil Nadu State Disaster Management Authority
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259:Areas in Mumbai badly affected by the flooding
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359:For the first time ever, Mumbai's airports (
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226:On 26 July 2005, around 2:00 pm, the
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543:vulnerability and adaptation, hydrology,
89:Learn how and when to remove this message
30:"26/7" redirects here. For the date, see
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337:of India could function only partially.
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162:including large areas of the metropolis
52:This article includes a list of general
842:Photos of the disaster from Yahoo! News
14:
1838:
1796:National Disaster Management Authority
651:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
306:, the nation's largest national bank;
1866:History of Maharashtra (1947–present)
1817:State Disaster Response Force (Assam)
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467:costing approximately 6 billion
302:of several banks, which included the
166:, a city located on the coast of the
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668:, The Weather Channel, July 12, 2019
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507:, Mumbai on the verge of overflowing
201:Other places severely affected were
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400:users were hit for over four hours.
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24:
1810:Odisha Disaster Rapid Action Force
496:Destruction of mangrove ecosystems
473:Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation
58:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
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437:10,000 trucks and tempos grounded
314:, and several foreign banks like
1876:Natural disasters in Maharashtra
1861:History of Mumbai (1947–present)
1803:National Disaster Response Force
666:Six Floods That Devastated India
232:Indian Meteorological Department
43:
574:The disaster was featured in a
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671:
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13:
1:
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601:Disaster Management Act, 2005
339:Electronic trading platforms
7:
594:
221:
216:
154:impacted many parts of the
10:
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885:Natural disasters in India
850:A list of Helpline Numbers
733:10.1038/s41467-017-00744-9
447:Antiquated drainage system
268:The rain water caused the
228:Mumbai Metropolitan Region
170:, on the Western coast of
102:Maharashtra floods of 2005
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1624:October Hindu Kush (2015)
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545:environmental degradation
369:Instrument Landing System
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1871:Disasters in Maharashtra
176:June 2005 Gujarat floods
1851:2005 disasters in India
345:, India's most tracked
264:Threat to public health
152:2005 Maharashtra floods
73:more precise citations.
1846:2005 natural disasters
1459:Andaman Islands (1941)
560:Role of climate change
517:which exist along the
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384:Mumbai-Pune Expressway
280:to their water tanks.
260:
108:Meteorological history
987:Andhra Pradesh (1990)
966:Andhra Pradesh (1977)
713:Nature Communications
503:
258:
1378:Rann of Kutch (1819)
578:documentary, titled
528:Bandra-Kurla complex
247:Bandra-Kurla Complex
1582:Indian Ocean (2004)
725:2017NatCo...8..708R
576:National Geographic
427:4,000 taxis damaged
304:State Bank of India
103:
1659:Uttarakhand (2017)
1610:Nepal (April 2015)
1501:Pithoragarh (1980)
1445:Nepal–India (1934)
1330:Uttarakhand (2022)
1323:Uttarakhand (2021)
1282:Uttarakhand (2023)
1188:South India (2023)
1174:North India (2023)
1160:South India (2021)
1153:Maharashtra (2021)
1146:Uttarakhand (2021)
1104:West Bengal (2017)
1076:South India (2015)
1061:North India (2014)
1054:North India (2013)
1026:Maharashtra (2005)
994:North India (1993)
833:The day after 26/7
569:In popular culture
509:
261:
101:
18:2005 Mumbai floods
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1832:
1778:Dust storm (2018)
1696:
1695:
1680:Badakhshan (2023)
1550:North East (1997)
1529:Uttarkashi (1991)
1487:Koynanagar (1967)
1357:Lo Mustang (1505)
1204:
1203:
1139:East India (2020)
1047:East India (2010)
1019:East India (2000)
959:Rameswaram (1964)
805:Cloudburst Mumbai
580:Mumbai Mega Flood
550:Hurricane Katrina
538:Academic research
389:According to the
274:housing societies
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779:. 10 July 2007.
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192:Union Territory
122:Overall effects
117:26–27 July 2005
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19:
1687:Nepal (2023)
1673:Nepal (2022)
1666:Assam (2021)
1567:2000–present
1536:Latur (1993)
1522:Bihar (1988)
1515:India (1988)
1480:Anjar (1956)
1473:Assam (1950)
1466:Assam (1947)
1413:Assam (1897)
1385:Bihar (1833)
1316:Gurez (2017)
1240:Malpa (1998)
1233:Malin (2014)
1195:Assam (2024)
1125:Assam (2020)
1118:India (2019)
1090:Bihar (2017)
1083:Assam (2016)
1033:India (2007)
1025:
1011:2000–present
973:Bihar (1987)
941:Gohna (1894)
840:
831:
776:
767:
716:
712:
687:. Retrieved
682:
673:
661:
635:. Retrieved
628:the original
615:
585:
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563:
541:
532:Inorbit Mall
510:
490:
486:
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454:
450:
415:local trains
347:equity index
300:ATM networks
287:
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236:
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200:
184:
179:
156:Indian state
151:
149:
85:
76:
57:
36:
1349:Before 1900
905:Before 1900
799:Mumbai Help
794:BBC Updates
554:New Orleans
519:Mithi River
238:Local train
213:, Guhagar.
196:Lakshadweep
178:. The term
168:Arabian Sea
160:Maharashtra
139:Maharashtra
71:introducing
1840:Categories
1341:Earthquake
719:(1): 708.
683:Rediff.com
607:References
515:ecosystems
505:Powai Lake
308:ICICI Bank
127:Fatalities
54:references
1702:Heat wave
1423:1900–2000
1300:Avalanche
1210:Landslide
951:1901–2000
741:2041-1723
458:high tide
312:HDFC Bank
188:Aminidivi
1788:Agencies
789:BBC News
759:28974680
689:23 March
647:cite web
595:See also
587:Tum Mile
512:Mangrove
452:places.
398:landline
329:and the
316:Citibank
278:chlorine
222:Timeline
217:Overview
114:Duration
893:Cyclone
750:5626780
721:Bibcode
637:17 July
465:project
424:spoiled
420:37,000
417:damaged
376:lights.
276:to add
243:Dharavi
207:Chiplun
190:in the
180:26 July
67:improve
32:July 26
1763:Others
777:afaqs!
757:
747:
739:
469:rupees
343:Sensex
203:Raigad
164:Mumbai
143:Mumbai
56:, but
897:flood
631:(PDF)
624:(PDF)
524:slums
172:India
1753:2023
1746:2022
1739:2019
1732:2016
1725:2015
1718:2007
1711:2002
755:PMID
737:ISSN
691:2012
653:link
639:2009
432:BEST
430:900
395:MTNL
382:The
363:and
325:The
320:HSBC
318:and
245:and
211:Khed
209:and
150:The
130:1094
745:PMC
729:doi
552:in
413:52
331:NSE
327:BSE
194:of
158:of
1842::
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727:.
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699:^
681:.
649:}}
645:{{
460:.
310:,
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205:,
1063:]
895:/
877:e
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717:8
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655:)
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291:â‚ą
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86:(
81:)
77:(
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34:.
20:)
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