30:
37:
400:), all buildings collapsed and severe liquefaction occurred. The area encompassed the towns of Xieyuanji and Muli Malinggang. From Hezhe; Malinggangzhen to the east; Wubagang and Dongming to the west; Tongguji in the south, and northward to Genghai. Intensity IX covered an area of 82 km. The second mainshock had a maximum intensity of VIII (
323:
The two earthquakes have been often attributed to being triggered along the 230 km (140 mi) Liaokao Fault Zone. The average slip rate along the fault over the past 47 years is measured at 9.24 mm (0.364 in) per year, and it has a strike-slip sense of movement. It is predominantly
568:
Tan, Xin; Liang, Kuan; Ma, Baoqi; He, Zhongtai; Liu, Guangying; Li, Zhipeng; Li, Lei; Zhao, Junxiang (2023). "A catastrophic, buried fault-generating earthquake: The 1937 M7.0 Heze earthquake in the south-central North China Plain".
454:
An estimated 30 percent of all residential homes in Heze were destroyed. Some sections of the city walls and battlements were torn down. The well-known
Guanyin Temple also collapsed. Water ejected from the ground through wells. In
267:. Although the total number of casualties has never been finalized, at least 3,252 people died and 12,701 were injured. The earthquakes also killed more than 6,000 livestock and destroyed 470,000 homes. Due to the outbreak of the
383:
were observed fleeing the epicenter area, and dogs barked continuously. The residents also reported witnessing glowing red fireballs rising from the ground and into the air. Thunderous sounds were heard coming from the ground.
463:
erupted water. Some fissures were up to one meter wide and were reported as far as 30 km from the epicenter. A farmer fell into one of the fissures and was washed away by rushing water.
299:. Several large fault systems bound the North China Craton, including the Tanlu Fault. These faults have generated magnitude 8.0+ earthquakes in the past centuries including the
407:
In all, more than 3,252 people died, 12,701 were injured and over 470,000 homes were destroyed. The earthquakes caused damage in 40 counties across the provinces of
Shandong,
364:
also fluctuated many times. In some instances, the water rose and overflowed from these wells. Discoloration, bubbling, and foaming of well water were also observed.
659:[The scene after the magnitude 7 earthquake in Heze in 1937: more than 100,000 people were left homeless, and more than 470,000 houses collapsed!].
356:
patterns in the area. Heavy rains and strong winds battered the region. The region also became unusually hot and humid, where several residents suffered
344:, these shocks were likely produced on the Xiaoliu-Xieyuanji and Dongming-Chengwu faults; north-northeast west-northwest trending faults, respectively.
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buried beneath the south-central part of the North China Plain. In the epicenter region, nearby faults lie beneath sediments deposited by the
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499:"Remotely Triggered Seismicity in Continental China following the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan Earthquake"
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545:[A preliminary study on the average displacement rate of the Liaokao fault zone]
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A mere two or three days before the earthquakes, animals displayed peculiar behaviors.
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in
Jiangsu, 50 homes collapsed, killing over 20 people. Homes also collapsed in
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occur as a result of interaction between three crustal blocks that form the
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and presently active along its southern segment. Based on analysing the
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459:, 20 percent of the county homes were lost. Six people died and ground
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256:
423:. Its effects were also felt along the coast of the Bohai Sea, in
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271:, rescue operations by the Chinese government were ineffective.
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328:. The northern Liaokao Fault Zone was active during the late
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Prior to the mainshocks, residents noted extremely unusual
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287:. The western part of the craton consists of a continental
264:
259:
Province, China on July 31 and August 1 respectively. The
497:
Tao Jiang; Zhigang Peng; Weijun Wang; Qi-Fu Chen (2010).
375:
did not consume grass, and horses refused to enter their
705:
690:
540:
263:
7.0 and 6.7 earthquakes were centered near the city of
1194:
indicates earthquake resulting in at least 30 deaths
637:. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
396:
where the maximum seismic intensity was assigned IX (
916:(8.2 & 7.7 & 7.0, June 3 & 18 & 22)
371:flocks did not disperse but slept around the area.
1880:
604:[The 1937 Heze Earthquake in Shandong].
507:Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America
1199:indicates the deadliest earthquake of the year
1222:
735:
36:
749:
608:. Baoji Municipal People's Government Portal
567:
1868:China International Search and Rescue Team
1229:
1215:
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728:
150:
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307:. The North China Plain also hosted the
596:
594:
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447:, Hebei Province. Several huts fell in
1881:
657:"1937年菏泽7级地震后的景象：10余万人无家可归、47万余间房屋倒塌！"
625:
623:
1210:
723:
631:"Significant Earthquake Information"
589:
561:
490:
1846:China Meteorological Administration
649:
620:
541:Hu Lianying; Sun Shoucheng (1986).
347:
291:system and the tectonically stable
274:
13:
706:International Seismological Centre
691:International Seismological Centre
14:
1925:
683:
1856:China Earthquake Networks Center
35:
28:
1851:China Earthquake Administration
221:
1332:1739 Yinchuan–Pingluo, Ningxia
551:North China Earthquake Science
318:
1:
1337:1786 Kangding-Luding, Sichuan
571:Journal of Structural Geology
483:
305:1679 Sanhe-Pinggu earthquakes
1523:1976 Songpan–Pingwu, Sichuan
1257:1290 Chihli (Inner Mongolia)
478:List of earthquakes in China
7:
1578:1996 Baotou, Inner Mongolia
1548:1988 Lancang–Gengma, Yunnan
473:List of earthquakes in 1937
466:
10:
1930:
241:3,252 dead, 12,701 injured
1838:
1817:
1611:
1488:1969 Yangjiang, Guangdong
1375:
1244:
1189:
1152:
1121:
1057:
1020:
956:
904:
825:
755:
583:10.1016/j.jsg.2023.104988
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313:1976 Tangshan earthquakes
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220:
210:
173:
165:
144:
136:
128:
113:
103:
90:
80:
67:
59:
48:
24:
1749:2017 Jiuzhaigou, Sichuan
1744:2017 Taxkorgan, Xinjiang
1297:1668 Tangcheng, Shandong
750:Earthquakes in the 1930s
279:Seismic activity in the
269:Second Sino-Japanese War
1904:1937 disasters in China
1889:Earthquakes in Shandong
1863:China Geological Survey
1759:2019 Changning, Sichuan
1659:2008 Panzhihua, Sichuan
1508:1975 Haicheng, Liaoning
1398:1918 Shantou, Guangdong
1327:1738 Dangjiang, Qinghai
1764:2020 Kashgar, Xinjiang
1734:2014 Kangding, Sichuan
1719:2014 Yingjiang, Yunnan
1694:2012 Yangzhou, Jiangsu
1654:2008 Yingjiang, Yunnan
1639:2005 Ruichang, Jiangxi
1468:1955 Kangding, Sichuan
1438:1936 Lingshan, Guangxi
1383:1902 Kashgar, Xinjiang
1322:1733 Dongchuan, Yunnan
1789:2022 Menyuan, Qinghai
1754:2017 Jinghe, Xinjiang
1739:2015 Pishan, Xinjiang
1714:2014 Yutian, Xinjiang
1699:2012 Zhaotong, Yunnan
1634:2003 Zhaosu, Xinjiang
1598:1998 Ninglang, Yunnan
1583:1997 Jiashi, Xinjiang
1563:1995 Menglian, Yunnan
1513:1976 Longling, Yunnan
1503:1974 Zhaotong, Yunnan
1403:1920 Haiyuan, Ningxia
1367:1889 Chilik, Xinjiang
1357:1850 Xichang, Sichuan
1277:1604 Quanzhou, Fujian
1267:1536 Xichang, Sichuan
1262:1303 Hongdong, Shanxi
1067:Erdek–Marmara Islands
342:fault plane solutions
249:1937 Heze earthquakes
20:1937 Heze earthquakes
1799:2022 Luding, Sichuan
1784:2021 Luxian, Sichuan
1769:2020 Qiaojia, Yunnan
1704:2013 Lushan, Sichuan
1624:2003 Bachu, Xinjiang
1573:1996 Lijiang, Yunnan
1553:1990 Gonghe, Qinghai
1543:1985 Wuqia, Xinjiang
1518:1976 Tangshan, Hebei
1493:1970 Tonghai, Yunnan
1453:1948 Litang, Sichuan
1423:1931 Fuyun, Xinjiang
1388:1906 Manas, Xinjiang
1352:1833 Kunming, Yunnan
1292:1654 Tianshui, Gansu
1287:1626 Lingqiu, Shanxi
1238:Earthquakes in China
16:Earthquakes in China
1914:History of Shandong
1794:2022 Ya'an, Sichuan
1779:2021 Maduo, Qinghai
1729:2014 Jinggu, Yunnan
1724:2014 Ludian, Yunnan
1679:2010 Yushu, Qinghai
1664:2008 Damxung, Tibet
1644:2006 Yanjin, Yunnan
1568:1995 Wuding, Yunnan
1538:1985 Luquan, Yunnan
1533:1983 Heze, Shandong
1498:1973 Luhuo, Sichuan
1478:1966 Xingtai, Hebei
1473:1955 Yuzha, Sichuan
1443:1937 Heze, Shandong
1433:1933 Diexi, Sichuan
1408:1923 Renda, Sichuan
1342:1815 Pinglu, Shanxi
1317:1718 Tongwei, Gansu
1307:1695 Linfen, Shanxi
1302:1679 Beijing, Hebei
520:2010BuSSA.100.2574J
191: /
63:1937-08-01 10:41:09
55:1937-07-31 20:35:51
21:
1909:August 1937 events
1709:2013 Dingxi, Gansu
1558:1994 Taiwan Strait
1528:1981 Dawu, Sichuan
1418:1927 Gulang, Gansu
1393:1913 Eshan, Yunnan
1347:1830 Cixian, Hebei
1032:(8.0, January 15)
714:authoritative data
699:authoritative data
543:"聊考断裂带平均位移速率的初步研究"
528:10.1785/0120090286
285:North China Craton
195:37.067°N 114.483°E
19:
1876:
1875:
1774:2021 Dali, Yunnan
1588:1997 Manyi, Tibet
1413:1925 Dali, Yunnan
1204:
1203:
514:(5B): 2574–2589.
394:meizoseismal area
281:North China Plain
245:
244:
1921:
1894:1937 earthquakes
1458:1950 Assam–Tibet
1362:1879 Wudu, Gansu
1231:
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1073:Shinchiku-Taichū
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348:Precursor events
338:surface ruptures
275:Tectonic setting
261:moment magnitude
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1050:(6.6, March 12)
1016:
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716:for this event.
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667:. 2 August 2017
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946:(7.6, Dec 25)
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938:Cedar Mountain
935:
931:(7.0 Sept 26)
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882:(7.9, Aug 10)
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837:(7.8, Jan 15)
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684:External links
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663:(in Chinese).
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619:
602:"1937年山东菏泽大地震"
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1312:1709 Zhongwei
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1142:(7.0, Aug 1)
1141:
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1132:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1114:(7.7, Dec 28)
1113:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1102:(6.2, Oct 19)
1101:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:(6.1, May 1)
1083:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1065:
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1062:
1060:
1056:
1049:
1048:Hansel Valley
1046:
1043:
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1038:
1035:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1019:
1013:(7.7, Nov 20)
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1007:
1004:(7.3 Aug 25)
1003:
1000:
998:
994:
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985:
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976:
973:
971:
968:(8.4, Mar 2)
967:
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961:
959:
955:
949:
945:
942:
940:(7.2, Dec 20)
939:
936:
934:
930:
927:
925:(6.4, June 6)
924:
921:
919:
915:
912:
911:
909:
907:
903:
897:(7.3, Sep 25)
896:
893:
891:(6.5, Aug 16)
890:
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885:
881:
878:
876:(6.1, June 7)
875:
872:
870:(6.5, Apr 27)
869:
866:
864:
860:
857:
855:
852:(7.8, Feb 3)
851:
848:
846:(7.6, Jan 28)
845:
842:
840:
836:
833:
832:
830:
828:
824:
818:
815:(7.3, Dec 4)
814:
811:
809:
805:
802:
800:(5,8, Oct 30)
799:
796:
794:(7.1, July 3)
793:
790:
788:
784:
781:
779:
776:(7.1, May 6)
775:
772:
770:
767:(7.5, May 5)
766:
763:
762:
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733:
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715:
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688:
687:
666:
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658:
652:
636:
635:ngdc.noaa.gov
632:
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358:heat injuries
355:
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331:
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316:
314:
310:
309:1975 Haicheng
306:
302:
301:1668 Shandong
298:
294:
293:Ordos Plateau
290:
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51:
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31:
23:
1689:2011 Myanmar
1649:2008 Sichuan
1612:21st century
1463:1952 Damxung
1442:
1428:1932 Changma
1376:20th century
1272:1556 Shaanxi
1196:
1191:
1180:
1173:(7.0, May 1)
1165:
1143:
1139:
1134:
1108:(6.1, Nov 1)
1094:
1085:
1076:
1069:(7.4, Jan 4)
1044:(7.6, Mar 5)
1036:
1033:
1005:
996:
987:
978:
969:
947:
932:
917:
883:
862:
853:
838:
816:
807:
786:
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710:bibliography
695:bibliography
669:. Retrieved
660:
651:
639:. Retrieved
634:
610:. Retrieved
605:
574:
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554:
550:
536:
511:
505:
492:
453:
406:
401:
397:
391:
366:
351:
326:Yellow River
322:
278:
248:
246:
1818:By province
1684:2011 Yunnan
1674:2009 Yunnan
1619:2001 Kunlun
1603:2000 Yunnan
1106:Timiskaming
850:Hawke's Bay
330:Pleistocene
319:Earthquakes
251:struck the
198: /
71: event
1883:Categories
1629:2003 Dayao
1448:1947 Assam
1245:Historical
1011:Baffin Bay
975:Long Beach
798:Senigallia
671:3 December
641:3 December
612:3 December
577:(104988).
484:References
334:isoseismal
238:Casualties
52: time
874:North Sea
859:Nicaragua
844:Myitkyina
804:North Izu
451:, Anhui.
429:Zhenjiang
297:Bohai Sea
224:intensity
174:Epicenter
145:Magnitude
1177:Erzincan
1042:Pahiatua
929:Ierissos
868:Zangezur
661:sohu.com
467:See also
461:fissures
441:Feixiang
257:Shandong
186:114°29′E
140:18:41:09
132:04:35:51
1825:Sichuan
1162:Chillán
1131:Orizaba
1112:Sumatra
993:Sumatra
966:Sanriku
944:Changma
914:Jalisco
895:Sumatra
783:Irpinia
712:and/or
697:and/or
516:Bibcode
433:Luoyang
425:Beijing
417:Jiangsu
398:Violent
392:In the
377:stables
369:Swallow
354:weather
336:lines,
230:CSIS IX
183:37°04′N
161:
157:, 6.7 M
121:1937-08
119: (
1830:Yunnan
1100:Helena
1091:Quetta
923:Eureka
835:Oaxaca
792:Dhubri
774:Salmas
708:has a
693:has a
445:Daming
437:Xuzhou
431:, and
419:, and
402:Severe
388:Damage
373:Cattle
137:
108:ComCat
104:
98:ComCat
85:903185
81:
75:903183
60:
1082:Digor
1030:Bihar
1002:Diexi
889:Texas
880:Fuyun
547:(PDF)
502:(PDF)
435:. At
421:Hebei
413:Anhui
409:Henan
362:wells
215:China
169:25 km
166:Depth
91:USGS-
1899:Heze
1154:1939
1140:Heze
1123:1937
1059:1935
1022:1934
958:1933
906:1932
827:1931
765:Bago
757:1930
704:The
689:The
673:2021
665:Sohu
643:2021
614:2021
557:(1).
443:and
381:Mice
340:and
311:and
303:and
289:rift
265:Heze
247:The
222:Max.
148:7.0
93:ANSS
1171:Oga
984:Kos
813:Pyu
579:doi
575:177
524:doi
512:100
404:).
255:in
69:ISC
50:UTC
1885::
1181:†‡
1144:†‡
1095:†‡
1006:†‡
933:†‡
884:†‡
778:†‡
633:.
622:^
591:^
573:.
549:.
522:.
510:.
504:.
427:,
415:,
411:,
379:.
315:.
1230:e
1223:t
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1197:‡
1192:†
1166:†
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1034:†
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817:†
808:†
787:†
769:†
743:e
736:t
729:v
675:.
645:.
616:.
585:.
581::
555:4
530:.
526::
518::
159:w
153:w
151:M
123:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
