Urinary incontinence

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pelvic floor muscle training, are most effective for improving urinary incontinence in women, with a low risk of adverse events. Behavioral therapy is not curative for urinary incontinence, but it can improve a person's quality of life. Behavioral therapy has benefits as both a monotherapy (behaviorial therapy alone) and as an adjunct to medications (combining different therapies) for symptom reduction. Time voiding while urinating and bladder training are techniques that use biofeedback. In time voiding, the patient fills in a chart of voiding and leaking. From the patterns that appear in the chart, the patient can plan to empty his or her bladder before he or she would otherwise leak. Biofeedback and muscle conditioning, known as bladder training, can alter the bladder's schedule for storing and emptying urine. These techniques are effective for urge and overflow incontinence.

1034:) are often used in hospital settings, or if the user is not able to handle any of the above solutions himself/herself (e.g. severe neurologic injury or neurodegenerative disease). These are also prescription-only medical devices. The indwelling catheter is typically connected to a urine bag that can be worn on the leg or hung on the side of the bed. Indwelling catheters need to be monitored and changed on a regular basis by a healthcare professional. The advantage of indwelling catheters is that because the urine is funneled away from the body, the skin remains dry. However, the disadvantage is that it is very common to incur urinary tract infections when using indwelling catheters. Bladder spasms and other problems can also occur with long-term use of indwelling catheters. 992:(for men) – consists of a sheath worn over the penis funneling the urine into a urine bag worn on the leg. These products come in a variety of materials and sizes for individual fit. Studies show that urisheaths and urine bags are preferred over absorbent products – in particular when it comes to 'limitations to daily activities'. Solutions exist for all levels of incontinence. Advantages with collecting systems are that they are discreet, the skin stays dry all the time, and they are convenient to use both day and night. Disadvantages are that it is necessary to get measured to ensure proper fit, and in some countries, a prescription is needed. 574: 939:

electrical stimulation to relieve stress and urge incontinence. The evidence supporting the role for biofeedback devices in treating urinary incontinence is mixed. There is some very weak evidence that electrical stimulation that is low in frequency may be helpful in combination with other standard treatments for women with overactive bladder condition, however, the evidence supporting a role for biofeedback combined with pelvic floor muscle training is very weak and likely indicates that biofeedback-assistance is not helpful when included with conservative treatments for overactive bladder.

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traditional suburethral sling operations are better than others. Similarly, there is insufficient long term evidence to be certain about the effectiveness or safety of single-incision sling operations for urinary incontinence in women. Traditional suburethral slings may have a higher risk of surgical complications than minimally invasive slings but the risk of complications compared with other types of operation is still uncertain.

1020: 271:. Stress incontinence is characterized by leaking of small amounts of urine with activities that increase abdominal pressure such as coughing, sneezing, laughing and lifting. This happens when the urethral sphincter cannot close completely due to the damage in the sphincter itself, or the surrounding tissue. Additionally, frequent exercise in high-impact activities can cause 660:, also known as effort incontinence, is essentially due to incomplete closure of the urinary sphincter, due to problems in the sphincter itself or insufficient strength of the pelvic floor muscles supporting it. This type of incontinence is when urine leaks during activities that increase intra-abdominal pressure, such as coughing, sneezing or bearing down. 520:

childbirth and pregnancy. The pressure inside the abdomen (from coughing and sneezing) is normally transmitted to both urethra and bladder equally, leaving the pressure difference unchanged, resulting in continence. When the sphincter is incompetent, this increase in pressure will push the urine against it, leading to incontinence.

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anxiety or inebriation due to alcohol. Functional incontinence can also occur in certain circumstances where no biological or medical problem is present. For example, a person may recognize the need to urinate but may be in a situation where there is no toilet nearby or access to a toilet is restricted.

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The effectiveness of different therapeutic approaches to treating urinary incontinence is not well studied for some medical conditions. For example, for people who experience urinary incontinence due to stroke, treatment approaches such as physical therapy, cognitive therapy, complementary medicine,

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Behavioral therapy involves the use of both suppressive techniques (distraction, relaxation) and learning to avoid foods that may worsen urinary incontinence. This may involve avoiding or limiting consumption of caffeine and alcohol. Behavioral therapies, including bladder training, biofeedback, and

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and surrounding tissue, causing it to be incompetent. An incompetent urethral sphincter cannot prevent urine from leaking out of the urinary bladder during activities that increase the intraabdominal pressure, such as coughing, sneezing, or laughing. Continence usually improves within 6 to 12 months

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bulking agents, are more effective than no treatment in improving or curing UI symptoms or achieving patient satisfaction. For urinary incontinence in women, it is typical in clinical practice to begin with behavioral therapy, then move on to oral medication if behavioral therapy is ineffective. If

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The bladder is made of two types of muscles: the detrusor and the sphincter. The detrusor is a muscular sac that stores urine and squeezes to empty. Connected to the bottom or next of the bladder, the sphincter is a circular group of muscles that automatically stays contracted to hold the urine in.

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is an implantable device used to treat stress incontinence, mostly in men. The device is made of 2 or 3 parts: The pump, cuff, and balloon reservoir connected to each other by specialized tubes. The cuff wraps around the urethra and closes it. When the person wants to urinate, he presses the pump

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Medications are not recommended for those with stress incontinence and are only recommended in those with urge incontinence who do not improve with bladder training. While medications have been shown to be helpful with treating urinary incontinence, studies have shown that the first line treatment

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and underpants) are the best-known product types to manage incontinence. They are widely available in pharmacies and supermarkets. The advantages of using these are that they barely need any fitting or introduction by a healthcare specialist. The disadvantages with absorbent products are that they

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Yearly screening is recommended for women by the Women's Preventive Services Initiative (WPSI) and people who test positive in the screening process would need to be referred for further testing to understand how to help treat their condition. Screening questions should inquire about what symptoms

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is the incontinence that happens suddenly without feeling the urge to urinate and without necessarily doing any physical activities. It is also known as under-active bladder syndrome. This usually happens with chronic obstruction of the bladder outlet or with diseases damaging the nerves supplying

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A baby's bladder fills to a set point, then automatically contracts and empties. As the child gets older, the nervous system develops. The child's brain begins to get messages from the filling bladder and begins to send messages to the bladder to keep it from automatically emptying until the child

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occurs when a person recognizes the need to urinate but cannot make it to the bathroom. The loss of urine may be large. There are several causes of functional incontinence including confusion, dementia, poor eyesight, mobility or dexterity, unwillingness to use the toilet because of depression or

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Globally, up to 35% of the population over the age of 60 years is estimated to be incontinent. In 2014, urinary leakage affected between 30% and 40% of people over 65 years of age living in their own homes or apartments in the U.S. Twenty-four percent of older adults in the U.S. have moderate or

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Avoiding heavy lifting and preventing constipation may help with uncontrollable urine leakage. Stopping smoking is also recommended as it is associated with improvements in urinary incontinence in men and women. Weight loss may also be helpful for people who are overweight to improve symptoms of

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of anti-incontinence therapies often quantify the extent of urinary incontinence. The methods include the 1-h pad test, measuring leakage volume; using a voiding diary, counting the number of incontinence episodes (leakage episodes) per day; and assessing of the strength of pelvic floor muscles,

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Approximately 17% of non-pregnant women have urinary incontinence, with the most common types being stress, urgency, and mixed. Bladder symptoms affect women of all ages. However, bladder problems are most prevalent among older women. Women over the age of 60 years are twice as likely as men to

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Incontinence is expensive both to individuals in the form of bladder control products and to the health care system and nursing home industry. Injury-related to incontinence is a leading cause of admission to assisted living and nursing care facilities. In 1997 more than 50% of nursing facility

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Urination, or voiding, is a complex activity. The bladder is a balloon-like muscle that lies in the lowest part of the abdomen. The bladder stores urine and then releases it through the urethra, which is the canal that carries urine to the outside of the body. Controlling this activity involves

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colposuspension (keyhole surgery through the abdomen) with sutures is as effective as open colposuspension for curing incontinence in women up to 18 months after surgery, but it is unclear whether there are fewer risk of complications during or after surgery. There is probably a higher risk of

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Traditional suburethral sling operations are probably slightly better than open abdominal retropubic colposuspension and are probably slightly less effective than mid-urethral sling operations in reducing urinary incontinence in women, but it is still uncertain if any of the different types of

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uses measuring devices to help the patient become aware of his or her body's functioning. By using electronic devices or diaries to track when the bladder and urethral muscles contract, the patient can gain control over these muscles. Biofeedback can be used with pelvic muscle exercises and

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is usually a result of the incompetent closure of the urethral sphincter. This can be caused by damage to the sphincter itself, the muscles that support it, or nerves that supply it. In men, the damage usually happens after prostate surgery or radiation, and in women, it's usually caused by

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are single-use catheters that are inserted into the bladder to empty it, and once the bladder is empty they are removed and discarded. Intermittent catheters are primarily used for urinary retention (inability to empty the bladder), but for some people they can be used to reduce or avoid

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The use of transvaginal mesh implants and bladder slings is controversial due to the risk of debilitating painful side effects such as vaginal erosion. In 2012 transvaginal mesh implants were classified as a high risk device by the US Food and Drug Administration.

880:, collecting devices (for men), fixer-occluder devices for incontinence (in men), medications, and surgery. Both nonpharmacological and pharmacological treatments may be effective for treating UI in non-pregnant women. All treatments, except hormones and 157:, surgery, and electrical stimulation. Behavioral therapy generally works better than medication for stress and urge incontinence. The benefit of medications is small and long term safety is unclear. Urinary incontinence is more common in older women. 3148:

Leonardo K, Seno DH, Mirza H, Afriansyah A (August 2022). "Biofeedback-assisted pelvic floor muscle training and pelvic electrical stimulation in women with overactive bladder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials".

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Pelvic surgery, pregnancy, childbirth, and menopause are major risk factors. Urinary incontinence is often a result of an underlying medical condition but is under-reported to medical practitioners. There are four main types of incontinence:

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Bladder control problems have been found to be associated with higher incidence of many other health problems such as obesity and diabetes. Difficulty with bladder control results in higher rates of depression and limited activity levels.

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and specialized interventions with experienced medical professionals are sometimes suggested, however it is not clear how effective these are at improving incontinence and there is no strong medical evidence to guide clinical practice.

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Balk EM, Rofeberg VN, Adam GP, Kimmel HJ, Trikalinos TA, Jeppson PC (April 2019). "Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of Clinical Outcomes".

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Hannestad YS, Rortveit G, Sandvik H, Hunskaar S (November 2000). "A community-based epidemiological survey of female urinary incontinence: the Norwegian EPINCONT study. Epidemiology of Incontinence in the County of Nord-Trøndelag".

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Small vaginal cones of increasing weight may be used to help with exercise. They seem to be better than no active treatment in women with stress urinary incontinence, and have similar effects to training of pelvic floor muscles or

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and can lead to incontinence. These types of vaginal fistulas include, most commonly, vesicovaginal fistula and, more rarely, ureterovaginal fistula. These may be difficult to diagnose. The use of standard techniques along with a

621: – sound waves are used to visualize the kidneys and urinary bladder, assess the capacity of the bladder before voiding, and the remaining amount of urine after voiding. This helps know if there's a problem in emptying. 1219:

While urinary incontinence affects older men more often than younger men, the onset of incontinence can happen at any age. Estimates around 2007 suggested that 17 percent of men over age 60, an estimated 600,000 men in the

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in the bladder. While some of these medications appear to have a small benefit, the risk of side effects are a concern. Medications are effective for about one in ten people, and all medications have similar efficacy.

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Incontinence happens less often after age 5: About 10 percent of 5-year-olds, 5 percent of 10-year-olds, and 1 percent of 18-year-olds experience episodes of incontinence. It is twice as common in girls as in boys.

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Qaseem A, Dallas P, Forciea MA, Starkey M, Denberg TD, Shekelle P (September 2014). "Nonsurgical management of urinary incontinence in women: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians".

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Individuals who continue to experience urinary incontinence need to find a management solution that matches their individual situation. The use of mechanical devices has not been well studied in women, as of 2014.

267:, age, among others. About 33% of all women experience urinary incontinence after giving birth, and women who deliver vaginally are about twice as likely to have urinary incontinence as women who give birth via a 4514: 4491: 283:. This type of urinary incontinence is more commonly seen in women of older age. It is characterized by leaking of large amounts of urine in association with insufficient warning to get to the bathroom in time. 115:

medical condition, which creates barriers to successful management and makes the problem worse. People may be too embarrassed to seek medical help, and attempt to self-manage the symptom in secrecy from others.

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O'Reilly N, Nelson HD, Conry JM, Frost J, Gregory KD, Kendig SM, et al. (September 2018). "Screening for Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Recommendation From the Women's Preventive Services Initiative".

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looks for signs of medical conditions causing incontinence, such as tumors that block the urinary tract, stool impaction, and poor reflexes or sensations, which may be evidence of a nerve-related cause.

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is the most common type of incontinence in men. Similar to women, urine leakage happens following a very intense feeling of urination, not allowing enough time to reach the bathroom, a condition called

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as spokeswoman. Allyson was initially reticent to participate, but her mother, who had incontinence, convinced her that it was her duty in light of her successful career. The product proved a success.

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they have experienced, how severe the symptoms are, and if the symptoms affect their daily lives. As of 2018, studies have not shown a change in outcomes with urinary incontinence screenings in women.

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is the muscular ring that closes the outlet of the urinary bladder preventing urine to pass outside the body. Urethral pressure normally exceeds bladder pressure, resulting in urine remaining in the

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Milsom I, Abrams P, Cardozo L, Roberts RG, Thüroff J, Wein AJ (June 2001). "How widespread are the symptoms of an overactive bladder and how are they managed? A population-based prevalence study".

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Physical therapy, both by itself and in combination with anticholinergic drugs, was found to be more successful in reducing urinary incontinence in women than anticholinergics by themselves.

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It will automatically relax when the detrusor contracts to let the urine into the urethra. A third group of muscles below the bladder (pelvic floor muscles) can contract to keep urine back.

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López-Liria R, Varverde-Martínez ML, Padilla-Góngora D, Rocamora-Pérez P (April 2019). "Effectiveness of Physiotherapy Treatment for Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Systematic Review".

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The pattern of voiding and urine leakage is important as it suggests the type of incontinence. Other points include straining and discomfort, use of drugs, recent surgery, and illness.

4130:"First diagnosis and management of incontinence in older people with and without dementia in primary care: a cohort study using The Health Improvement Network primary care database" 1273: 4616: 186: 2546:

Price N, Jackson SR (August 2004). "Clinical audit of the use of tension-free vaginal tape as a surgical treatment for urinary stress incontinence, set against NICE guidelines".

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the urinary bladder. The urine stretches the bladder without the person feeling the pressure, and eventually, it overwhelms the ability of the urethral sphincter to hold it back.

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Shamliyan T, Wyman JF, Ramakrishnan R, Sainfort F, Kane RL (June 2012). "Benefits and harms of pharmacologic treatment for urinary incontinence in women: a systematic review".

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experience incontinence; one in three women over the age of 60 years are estimated to have bladder control problems. One reason why women are more affected is the weakening of

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severe urinary incontinence that should be treated medically. People with dementia are three times more likely to have urinary incontinence compared to people of similar ages.

2890:"Weight loss with bariatric surgery or behaviour modification and the impact on female obesity-related urine incontinence: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis" 824:) in bladder and bowel continence, patients with urinary incontinence are more likely to have fecal incontinence in addition. This is sometimes termed "double incontinence". 3031:

Rosenbaum TY (January 2007). "Pelvic floor involvement in male and female sexual dysfunction and the role of pelvic floor rehabilitation in treatment: a literature review".

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Nelson HD, Cantor A, Pappas M, Miller L (September 2018). "Screening for Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Systematic Review for the Women's Preventive Services Initiative".

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work with patients to identify and treat underlying pelvic muscle dysfunction that can cease urinary incontinence. They may recommend exercises to strengthen the muscles,

4664: 3246:"There is not yet strong evidence that exercise regimens other than pelvic floor muscle training can reduce stress urinary incontinence in women: a systematic review" 2226: 1451: 3858:

Carter E, Johnson EE, Still M, Al-Assaf AS, Bryant A, Aluko P, et al. (October 2023). "Single-incision sling operations for urinary incontinence in women".

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for women are devices inserted into the vagina. This device provides support to the urethra which passes right in front of it, allowing it to close more firmly.

205:, and restricted mobility. The causes leading to urinary incontinence are usually specific to each sex, however, some causes are common to both men and women. 527:(bladder muscle), leading to an intense feeling of urination, and incontinence if the person does not reach the bathroom on time. The syndrome is known as 1687: 637:

People are often asked to keep a diary for a day or more, up to a week, to record the pattern of voiding, noting times and the amounts of urine produced.

3594: 1825: 1154:(implanted in the scrotum), to deflate the cuff, and allow the urine to pass. The cuff regains pressure within a few minutes to regain continence. The 58:

Anatomy of the lower urinary tract and genital system. The top diagram shows the female urinary system, and the bottom shows the male urinary system.

3339:"Randomized, crossover study evaluating patient preference and the impact on quality of life of urisheaths vs absorbent products in incontinent men" 2788:"Practical aspects of lifestyle modifications and behavioural interventions in the treatment of overactive bladder and urgency urinary incontinence" 2373: 716: 683:

contains symptoms of multiple other types of incontinence. It is not uncommon in the elderly female population and can sometimes be complicated by

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Nygaard I, Turvey C, Burns TL, Crischilles E, Wallace R (January 2003). "Urinary incontinence and depression in middle-aged United States women".

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Women and men that have persistent incontinence despite optimal conservative therapy may be candidates for surgery. Surgery may be used to help

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Transient incontinence is temporary incontinence most often seen in pregnant women when it subsequently resolves after the birth of the child.

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due to "a poorly functioning urethral sphincter muscle (intrinsic sphincter deficiency) or to hypermobility of the bladder neck or urethra"

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Temtanakitpaisan T, Buppasiri P, Lumbiganon P, Laopaiboon M, Rattanakanokchai S, et al. (Cochrane Incontinence Group) (March 2022).

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There is not yet strong evidence that alternative exercise regimens can reduce urinary leakage in women with stress urinary incontinence.

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Wallace SL, Miller LD, Mishra K (December 2019). "Pelvic floor physical therapy in the treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction in women".

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Preoperative pelvic floor muscle training in men undergoing radical prostatectomy was not effective in reducing urinary incontinence.

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Todhunter-Brown A, Hazelton C, Campbell P, Elders A, Hagen S, McClurg D, et al. (Cochrane Incontinence Group) (September 2022).

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DeLancey JO (1997-10-01). "The pathophysiology of stress urinary incontinence in women and its implications for surgical treatment".

1400: 4414: 4001: 4622: 1881:"Effectiveness of preoperative pelvic floor muscle training for urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy: a meta-analysis" 1422: 945:

Alternative exercises have been studied for stress urinary incontinence in women. Evidence was insufficient to support the use of

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both behavioral therapy and oral medication are ineffective, the patient may be given bladder botox or neuromodulation therapy.

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Balk, Ethan; Adam, Gaelen P.; Kimmel, Hannah; Rofeberg, Valerie; Saeed, Iman; Jeppson, Peter; Trikalinos, Thomas (2018-08-08).

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Chong JT, Simma-Chiang V (March 2018). "A historical perspective and evolution of the treatment of male urinary incontinence".

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Balk, Ethan; Adam, Gaelen P.; Kimmel, Hannah; Rofeberg, Valerie; Saeed, Iman; Jeppson, Peter; Trikalinos, Thomas (2018-08-08).

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Structural incontinence: Rarely, structural problems can cause incontinence, usually diagnosed in childhood (for example, an

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Failures in this control mechanism result in incontinence. Reasons for this failure range from the simple to the complex.

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are a first line treatment for women with stress incontinence. Efforts to increase the time between urination, known as

627: – a thin tube with a tiny camera is inserted in the urethra and used to see the inside of the urethra and bladder. 5156: 4397: 4307: 3708:"Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing infection after continence surgery in women with stress urinary incontinence" 4372: 1488: 1366: 1341: 877: 752: 4000:

Burkhard FC, Bosch JL, Cruz F, Lemack GE, Nambiar AK, Thiruchelvam N, Tubaro A, Ambühl D, Bedretdinova DA, Farag F.

2159: 2596:"Conservative interventions for treating urinary incontinence in women: an Overview of Cochrane systematic reviews" 989: 666:

is an involuntary loss of urine occurring while suddenly feeling the need or urge to urinate, usually secondary to

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after prostate surgery without any specific interventions, and only 5 to 10% of people report persistent symptoms.

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is the phenomenon where urine remaining in the urethra after voiding the bladder slowly leaks out after urination.

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Freites J, Stewart F, Omar MI, Mashayekhi A, Agur WI, et al. (Cochrane Incontinence Group) (December 2019).

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Andersson KE, Arner A (July 2004). "Urinary bladder contraction and relaxation: physiology and pathophysiology".

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Incontinence has historically been a taboo subject in Western culture. However, this situation changed some when

1155: 1111:, tension-free vaginal tape, bladder suspension, artificial urinary sphincters, among others. It is not clear if 717:

https://web.archive.org/web/20101122151307/http://www.femalepatient.com/html/arc/sig/uroG/articles/034_08_032.asp

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Chartier-Kastler E, Ballanger P, Petit J, Fourmarier M, Bart S, Ragni-Ghazarossian E, et al. (July 2011).

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https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/related_files/cer-212-urinary-incontinence-updated.pdf

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Another example is urge incontinence. This incontinence is associated with sudden forceful contractions of the

425: 390: 4224:"Medically recognized urinary incontinence and risks of hospitalization, nursing home admission and mortality" 3659:"The efficacy and safety of urethral injection therapy for urinary incontinence in women: a systematic review" 2645:"Adverse Events Associated with Nonsurgical Treatments for Urinary Incontinence in Women: a Systematic Review" 488:

in the wall of the bladder contract, forcing urine out of the bladder and into the urethra. At the same time,

5151: 4995: 4341: 2134: 902: 615: – blood is taken, sent to a laboratory, and examined for substances related to causes of incontinence. 4811: 1150: 1011: 921:, is recommended in those with urge incontinence. Both these may be used in those with mixed incontinence. 712: 312: 150: 4631: 4459: 577:

Ultrasound of the urinary bladder of an 85-year-old man. It shows a trabeculated wall, which is a sign of

2381: 1544:"Nonsurgical Treatments for Urinary Incontinence in Adult Women: Diagnosis and Comparative Effectiveness" 1091:

Injectable bulking agents may be used to enhance urethral support, however, they are of unclear benefit.

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Imamura M, Williams K, Wells M, McGrother C, et al. (Cochrane Incontinence Group) (December 2015).

1402:"My bladder and bowel own my life." A collaborative workshop addressing the need for continence research 3071: 2288:"Stress urinary incontinence in pregnant women: a review of prevalence, pathophysiology, and treatment" 2251:

Macaluso JN, Appell RA, Sullivan JW (September 1981). "Ureterovaginal fistula detected by vaginogram".

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Stewart F, Berghmans B, Bø K, Glazener CM, et al. (Cochrane Incontinence Group) (December 2017).

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The management of urinary incontinence with pads is mentioned in the earliest medical book known, the

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is the other common type of incontinence in men, and it most commonly happens after prostate surgery.

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Santoro GA, Murad-Regadas S, Causa L, Mellgren A (19 November 2013). Gaspari AL, Pierpaolo S (eds.).

4642: 5081: 5000: 4529: 1613: 848:. It has been reported to occur in 10% to 24% of sexually active women with pelvic floor disorders. 433:. However, the etiology behind this is usually different between men and women, as mentioned above. 245:, becoming weaker and thinner, possibly playing a role in the development of urinary incontinence. 1138:

complications with traditional suburethral slings than with open abdominal retropubic suspension.

5076: 4963: 4955: 766: 1851: 609: – urine is tested for evidence of infection, urinary stones, or other contributing causes. 4833: 2888:

Sheridan W, Da Silva AS, Leca BM, Ostarijas E, Patel AG, Aylwin SJ, et al. (August 2021).

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seems to confirm that surgical restoration of vault prolapse can cure motor urge incontinence.

413: 346: 182: 4569: 3520: 1478: 734: 229:. Women that have symptoms of both types are said to have "mixed" urinary incontinence. After 5128: 5005: 4968: 4762: 4436: 3755: 3466: 2761: 1712: 1104: 673: 573: 272: 136: 3194:"Electrical stimulation with non-implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women" 603: – the patient relaxes, then coughs vigorously as the doctor watches for loss of urine. 5071: 4983: 3588: 3496: 2443: 1819: 1550:. AHRQ Comparative Effectiveness Reviews. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US). 1382: 589: 373:(excessive urine production) of which, in turn, the most frequent causes are: uncontrolled 4065: 1158:

considers the artificial urinary sphincter as the gold standard in surgical management of

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Treatment options include conservative treatment, behavioral therapy, bladder retraining,

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Men tend to experience incontinence less often than women, and the structure of the male

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can be bulky, leak, have odors and can cause skin breakdown due to the constant dampness.

962: 833: 827: 806: 657: 516: 509: 493: 354: 334: 248: 222: 174: 130: 5123: 5040: 4945: 4826: 4757: 4742: 4673: 4591: 4288: 4204: 4156: 4129: 4110: 3977: 3950: 3926: 3901: 3835: 3810: 3732: 3707: 3683: 3658: 3634: 3609: 3478: 3430: 3314: 3289: 3218: 3193: 3174: 3122: 3097: 3013: 2970: 2927: 2870: 2812: 2787: 2718: 2693: 2669: 2644: 2620: 2595: 2571: 2498: 2424: 2374:"Female Urinary Incontinence During Sexual Intercourse (Coital Incontinence): A Review" 2349: 2336: 2312: 2287: 2116: 2063: 1980: 1955: 1907: 1880: 1768: 1664: 1655: 1639: 1595: 1543: 1307: 1124: 929: 906: 881: 817: 797: 680: 667: 528: 430: 421: 405: 378: 328: 308: 303: 280: 226: 178: 142: 108: 4523: 4192: 4039: 3544: 3262: 3245: 5050: 5035: 4973: 4769: 4540: 4393: 4368: 4280: 4276: 4245: 4196: 4161: 4114: 4043: 3982: 3931: 3879: 3840: 3737: 3688: 3674: 3639: 3470: 3422: 3387: 3360: 3355: 3338: 3319: 3267: 3223: 3178: 3166: 3127: 3048: 3044: 3017: 3005: 2962: 2931: 2919: 2862: 2817: 2803: 2723: 2674: 2625: 2563: 2490: 2455: 2416: 2354: 2317: 2268: 2108: 2055: 2051: 2020: 1985: 1912: 1760: 1669: 1587: 1551: 1521: 1511: 1484: 1362: 1337: 782: 684: 663: 578: 441: 398: 374: 350: 296: 268: 213: 124: 63: 4292: 4208: 3608:

Kirchin V, Page T, Keegan PE, Atiemo KO, Cody JD, McClinton S, Aluko P (July 2017).

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Nonsurgical Treatments for Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Systematic Review Update

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Nonsurgical Treatments for Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Systematic Review Update

1772: 1688:"American Urological Association - Medical Student Curriculum: Urinary Incontinence" 1599: 275:

to develop. Urge urinary incontinence, is caused by uninhibited contractions of the

4732: 4706: 4580: 4462: (United States District Court Western District of Missouri 24 June 2011). 4390:

Urinary and fecal incontinence : an interdisciplinary approach; with 89 tables

4360: 4272: 4235: 4188: 4151: 4141: 4128:

Grant RL, Drennan VM, Rait G, Petersen I, Iliffe S (August 2013). Prince MJ (ed.).

4102: 4035: 3972: 3967: 3962: 3921: 3917: 3913: 3875: 3871: 3867: 3830: 3826: 3822: 3727: 3723: 3719: 3678: 3670: 3629: 3625: 3621: 3576: 3521:"Tolterodine Tartrate Tablets - FDA prescribing information, side effects and uses" 3462: 3434: 3414: 3350: 3309: 3305: 3301: 3257: 3213: 3209: 3205: 3158: 3117: 3113: 3109: 3040: 2997: 2954: 2909: 2901: 2854: 2807: 2799: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2664: 2656: 2615: 2611: 2607: 2555: 2482: 2408: 2344: 2307: 2299: 2260: 2202: 2098: 2090: 2047: 2012: 1975: 1971: 1967: 1902: 1892: 1807: 1750: 1659: 1651: 1579: 1116: 1000: 996: 950: 918: 154: 4357:

Pediatric incontinence - Franco - 2015 - Wiley Online Books - Wiley Online Library

2177: 5045: 4871: 4866: 4861: 4821: 4611: 4534: 4146: 3001: 2741:

Elavsky M (February 2018). "Urinary Incontinence: What Pharmacists Should Know".

2559: 1755: 1738: 1213: 1049: 633: – various techniques measure pressure in the bladder and the flow of urine. 524: 505: 497: 485: 458: 394: 324: 320: 276: 202: 170: 96: 4882: 4332:

Stothers L, Thom D, Calhoun E (2007). "Chapter 6: Urinary Incontinence in Men".

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after surgery are helpful at decreasing the risk of an infection after surgery.

504:

and tissue, allowing it to close firmly. Any damage to this balance between the

492:

muscles surrounding the urethra relax, letting urine pass out of the body. The

4677: 4106: 3760: 2660: 2016: 1284:

to be given by Missouri to adults who would be institutionalized without them.

1249: 1108: 1052:. This management solution is only suitable for light or moderate incontinence. 1031: 1023:

Different types of pessaries. These are inserted inside the vagina for support.

978: 914: 854:

is urinary incontinence at the moment of orgasm. It can be a result of radical

774: 600: 4545: 4504: 4500: 4240: 4223: 2524: 2303: 1224:, experienced urinary incontinence, with this percentage increasing with age. 901:

Physical therapy can be effective for women in reducing urinary incontinence.

107:

is often used to refer to urinary incontinence primarily in children, such as

5145: 5091: 4914: 4607: 3809:

Saraswat L, Rehman H, Omar MI, Cody JD, Aluko P, Glazener CM (January 2020).

3705: 2694:"Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of urinary incontinence in adults" 2643:

Balk EM, Adam GP, Corsi K, Mogul A, Trikalinos TA, Jeppson PC (August 2019).

2264: 2229:. Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing. 2008. Archived from 1525: 1242: 1209: 1163: 1080: 1004: 855: 791: 338: 198: 112: 4637: 4508: 4063: 3811:"Traditional suburethral sling operations for urinary incontinence in women" 1897: 1806:(Report). Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). 5108: 5096: 5086: 4284: 4200: 4165: 4047: 3986: 3935: 3883: 3844: 3741: 3692: 3657:

Matsuoka PK, Locali RF, Pacetta AM, Baracat EC, Haddad JM (February 2016).

3643: 3580: 3545:"Fesoterodine Tablets - FDA prescribing information, side effects and uses" 3474: 3426: 3391: 3364: 3323: 3271: 3227: 3170: 3131: 3052: 3009: 2966: 2923: 2914: 2866: 2821: 2727: 2678: 2629: 2567: 2494: 2459: 2420: 2358: 2321: 2024: 1989: 1936: 1916: 1811: 1764: 1673: 1591: 1555: 1277: 1257: 1253: 1193: 1088:

that's most effective against urinary incontinence is behavioral therapy.

1068: 946: 845: 781:

caused by obstetric and gynecologic trauma or injury are commonly known as

501: 409: 256: 95:. It is a common and distressing problem, which may have a large impact on 4364: 4249: 2958: 2272: 2112: 2059: 1505: 1334:

Nursing diagnosis handbook : an evidence-based guide to planning care

973: 367:

Age is a risk factor that increases both the severity and prevalence of UI

50: 5101: 4935: 4856: 4696: 4564: 2103: 2038:

DeLancey JO (June 1990). "Anatomy and physiology of urinary continence".

1134: 1072: 1037: 935: 910: 851: 821: 630: 469: 457:

The body stores urine — water and wastes removed by the kidneys — in the

3336: 1956:"Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults" 5023: 4978: 4940: 4930: 4586: 3783:"What does pelvic mesh do and why are women suing over it? – explainer" 2094: 1112: 1076: 1067:

A number of medications exist to treat urinary incontinence including:

813: 787: 624: 618: 612: 606: 512:, supportive tissue and nerves can lead to some type of incontinence . 424:

can all interfere with nerve function of the bladder. This can lead to

100: 72: 4483: 3418: 3162: 2905: 539: 4672: 4575: 2858: 2593: 2486: 2412: 1583: 1276:

resulted in that court issuing an order in 2011. That order requires

1197: 1045: 489: 481: 260: 230: 190: 169:

and non-urologic causes. Urologic causes can be classified as either

92: 4355:

Franco I, Austin PF, Bauer SB, von Gontard A, Homsy Y, eds. (2015).

1739:"Prevalence of postpartum urinary incontinence: a systematic review" 888: 809:

is an involuntary response to laughter. It usually affects children.

291: 4816: 4795: 4785: 4727: 3378:

Cravens DD, Zweig S (January 2000). "Urinary catheter management".

1281: 1027: 641: 548: 477: 382: 370: 234: 194: 104: 3452: 2335:

Shamliyan T, Wyman J, Bliss DZ, Kane RL, Wilt TJ (December 2007).

1954:

Thomas LH, Coupe J, Cross LD, Tan AL, Watkins CL (February 2019).

1212:

accounts for this difference. Stress incontinence is common after

5015: 4691: 1503: 1274:

United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri

1055: 1041: 958: 954: 778: 473: 462: 437: 264: 252: 242: 238: 166: 139:

due to either poor bladder contraction or blockage of the urethra

68: 4024: 3951:"Recent advances in surgical management of urinary incontinence" 3902:"Laparoscopic colposuspension for urinary incontinence in women" 1040:(or penis compression device), which is applied to compress the 4922: 4838: 4790: 4626: 4495: 2135:"Overactive Bladder (OAB): Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment" 1302: 841: 837: 417: 3610:"Urethral injection therapy for urinary incontinence in women" 2444:"Urinary Incontinence: Screening Recommendation from the WPSI" 913:

treatments. Exercising the muscles of the pelvis such as with

4178: 3756:"Vaginal Mesh & Bladder Sling Complications and Lawsuits" 3575:(Report). Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). 2887: 2691: 1638:

Edwards RJ, Dombrowski SM, Luciano MG, Pople IK (July 2004).

1637: 1107:. Common surgical techniques for stress incontinence include 4387: 4354: 3899: 3656: 2397: 1483:. Rochester, MN: Mayo Clinic Scientific Press. p. 339. 1044:

to compensate for the malfunctioning of the natural urinary

1019: 800:

is episodic UI while asleep. It is normal in young children.

3147: 1015:

incontinence. These are prescription-only medical devices.

812:

Double incontinence. There is also a related condition for

251:

in women is most commonly caused by loss of support of the

221:

The most common types of urinary incontinence in women are

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U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (June 2014).

3857: 3191: 2843: 531:, and it's related to dysfunction of the detrusor muscle. 500:, and maintaining continence. The urethra is supported by 4127: 2472: 2337:"Prevention of urinary and fecal incontinence in adults" 2279: 2178:"Urinary incontinence: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia" 1003:, undergarments, protective underwear, briefs, diapers, 4337: 4095:"Continence, dementia, and care that preserves dignity" 3607: 2334: 1850:

Clemens JQ (3 January 2022). O'Leary MP, Law K (eds.).

1221: 3808: 3570: 3290:"Mechanical devices for urinary incontinence in women" 2250: 2158:

Lukacz ES (2 August 2023). Schmader KE, Law K (eds.).

1798: 1568: 4388:

Becker HD, Stenzl A, Wallwiener D, Zittel TT (2005).

4222:

Thom DH, Haan MN, Van Den Eeden SK (September 1997).

4221: 4473: 2393: 2391: 2285: 480:

muscle activity (the muscle of the bladder). During

461:, a balloon-like organ. The bladder connects to the 311:. In men, the condition is commonly associated with 4331: 3999: 2987: 1953: 4066:"Prevalence of Incontinence Among Older Americans" 4002:"EAU Guidelines on Urinary Incontinence in Adults" 2734: 2642: 1879:Wang W, Huang QM, Liu FP, Mao QQ (December 2014). 1541: 836:(CI) is urinary leakage that occurs during either 295:The prostate with the urethra passing through it ( 99:. It has been identified as an important issue in 4912: 3497:"Oxybutynin Chloride Monograph for Professionals" 3404: 3098:"Weighted vaginal cones for urinary incontinence" 2785: 2388: 2160:"Evaluation of Females with Urinary Incontinence" 1145:AMS 800 and ZSI 375 artificial urinary sphincters 889:Behavioral therapy, physical therapy and exercise 5143: 3143: 3141: 653:There are 4 main types of urinary incontinence: 645:measuring the maximum vaginal squeeze pressure. 554:nerves, muscles, the spinal cord and the brain. 465:, the tube through which urine leaves the body. 401:, but does not necessarily lead to incontinence. 4415:"Now Splinter Free: How Marketing Broke Taboos" 3895: 3893: 3804: 3802: 3287: 1878: 1845: 1843: 1841: 1839: 820:. Due to involvement of the same muscle group ( 3593:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of August 2024 ( 2990:Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology 2786:Wyman JF, Burgio KL, Newman DK (August 2009). 2328: 2002: 1949: 1947: 1824:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of August 2024 ( 1480:Mayo Clinic internal medicine concise textbook 965:, postural training, and generalized fitness. 255:, which is usually a consequence of damage to 193:, medication or drugs, psychological factors, 4898: 4658: 3138: 1743:Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 1336:(9th ed.). Maryland Heights, Mo: Mosby. 4412: 4256: 4172: 4020: 4018: 3890: 3799: 3377: 3371: 3330: 3095: 2545: 1836: 1736: 1542:Shamliyan T, Wyman J, Kane RL (April 2012). 844:and can occur with a sexual partner or with 4215: 4092: 3948: 3906:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 3860:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 3815:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 3712:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 3614:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 3294:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 3288:Lipp A, Shaw C, Glavind K (December 2014). 3198:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 3102:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 3091: 3089: 2759: 2698:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2600:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2244: 1960:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 1944: 145:involving features of different other types 4905: 4891: 4665: 4651: 3448: 3446: 3444: 3239: 3237: 2792:International Journal of Clinical Practice 1537: 1535: 1472: 1470: 1468: 1417: 1415: 562:decides it is the time and place to void. 165:Urinary incontinence can result from both 49: 4239: 4155: 4145: 4059: 4057: 4015: 3976: 3966: 3925: 3834: 3731: 3682: 3633: 3354: 3313: 3261: 3243: 3217: 3121: 3030: 2913: 2839: 2837: 2835: 2833: 2831: 2811: 2717: 2668: 2619: 2441: 2348: 2311: 2102: 1979: 1929: 1906: 1896: 1754: 1663: 1507:Pelvic Floor Disorders: Surgical Approach 1183:admissions were related to incontinence. 753:Learn how and when to remove this message 237:production decreases and, in some women, 4634:from the European Urological Association 4308:"An 'Emotional Burden' Rarely Discussed" 3467:10.7326/0003-4819-156-12-201206190-00436 3086: 2589: 2587: 2585: 2286:Sangsawang B, Sangsawang N (June 2013). 2080: 2037: 1140: 1018: 972: 729:Relevant discussion may be found on the 572: 538: 290: 212: 3441: 3234: 3070:. National Incontinence. Archived from 3065: 2740: 1874: 1872: 1849: 1794: 1792: 1790: 1788: 1786: 1784: 1782: 1532: 1465: 1412: 343:transurethral resection of the prostate 14: 5144: 4638:Independent continence product advisor 4305: 4299: 4054: 2828: 2157: 1614:"Urinary Incontinence in Older Adults" 1331: 5067:Urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome 4886: 4646: 3780: 3566: 3564: 2582: 2548:Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2371: 2341:Evidence Report/Technology Assessment 1923: 1737:Thom DH, Rortveit G (December 2010). 1476: 1359:Taber's cyclopedic medical dictionary 1356: 1079:. These medications work by relaxing 436:Other suggested risk factors include 315:(an enlarged prostate), which causes 111:(bed wetting). UI is an example of a 2649:Journal of General Internal Medicine 1869: 1779: 794:with instillation of contrast media. 695: 4334:Urologic Diseases in America Report 3244:Bø K, Herbert RD (September 2013). 2292:International Urogynecology Journal 2184:. U.S. National Library of Medicine 331:, and the associated incontinence. 24: 5162:Symptoms and signs: Urinary system 4392:. Berlin : Springer. p. 232. 4093:Imison C, Kwint J (21 June 2022). 3561: 2219: 2040:Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology 1656:10.1111/j.1750-3639.2004.tb00072.x 715:of a non-free copyrighted source, 640:Research projects that assess the 189:. Non-urologic causes may include 25: 5173: 4469: 3949:Downey A, Inman RD (2019-07-31). 3096:Herbison GP, Dean N (July 2013). 2521:Interstitial Cystitis Association 1640:"Chronic hydrocephalus in adults" 1548:Comparative Effectiveness Reviews 1425:. Womenshealth.gov. July 16, 2012 1423:"Urinary incontinence fact sheet" 4437:"Recent Cases - Olmstead Rights" 4277:10.1046/j.1464-410x.2001.02228.x 4028:Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 3356:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2010.09736.x 3045:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2006.00393.x 2804:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2009.02078.x 2052:10.1097/00003081-199006000-00014 903:Pelvic floor physical therapists 700: 4702:Costovertebral angle tenderness 4447: 4429: 4406: 4381: 4348: 4325: 4121: 4086: 4009:European Association of Urology 3993: 3942: 3851: 3774: 3748: 3699: 3650: 3601: 3537: 3513: 3489: 3398: 3281: 3185: 3059: 3024: 2981: 2938: 2881: 2779: 2753: 2685: 2636: 2539: 2509: 2466: 2435: 2365: 2195: 2170: 2151: 2127: 2074: 2031: 1996: 1730: 1713:"Urinary incontinence - Causes" 1705: 1680: 1631: 1606: 1562: 1510:. Milan: Springer. p. 58. 1169: 1156:European Association of Urology 4991:Neurogenic bladder dysfunction 3968:10.12688/f1000research.16356.1 3918:10.1002/14651858.CD002239.pub4 3872:10.1002/14651858.CD008709.pub4 3827:10.1002/14651858.CD001754.pub5 3724:10.1002/14651858.CD012457.pub2 3626:10.1002/14651858.cd003881.pub4 3306:10.1002/14651858.CD001756.pub6 3210:10.1002/14651858.CD012390.pub2 3114:10.1002/14651858.CD002114.pub2 3033:The Journal of Sexual Medicine 2710:10.1002/14651858.CD003505.pub5 2612:10.1002/14651858.CD012337.pub2 1972:10.1002/14651858.CD004462.pub4 1497: 1436: 1393: 1375: 1350: 1325: 1062: 1048:, preventing leakage from the 790:or radiologically viewing the 691: 426:neurogenic bladder dysfunction 391:nephrogenic diabetes insipidus 187:intrinsic sphincter deficiency 13: 1: 4996:Bladder sphincter dyssynergia 4455:Hiltibran et al v. Levy et al 4417:. CBC Radio One. Pirate Radio 4342:National Institutes of Health 4193:10.1016/s0029-7844(02)02519-x 4040:10.1016/S0895-4356(00)00232-8 3263:10.1016/S1836-9553(13)70180-2 3066:Chelsea (September 4, 2012). 2442:Armstrong C (February 2019). 1932:"Pathophysiology of Polyuria" 1930:Maddukuri G (December 2022). 1852:"Urinary Incontinence in Men" 1318: 1270:Hiltibran et al v. Levy et al 1227: 871: 648: 217:Pelvic floor muscles in women 177:incompetence and may include 27:Uncontrolled leakage of urine 4812:Lower urinary tract symptoms 4632:Patient-centered information 4147:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001505 3407:Neurourology and Urodynamics 3151:Neurourology and Urodynamics 3068:"How to Use Vaginal Weights" 3002:10.1097/GCO.0000000000000584 2762:"Treatment for Incontinence" 2560:10.1080/01443610410001722590 1756:10.3109/00016349.2010.526188 1361:. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis. 1151:artificial urinary sphincter 995:Absorbent products (include 862: 568: 447: 393:. Polyuria generally causes 313:benign prostatic hyperplasia 151:pelvic floor muscle training 127:due to an overactive bladder 7: 3455:Annals of Internal Medicine 2847:Annals of Internal Medicine 2475:Annals of Internal Medicine 2401:Annals of Internal Medicine 1618:National Institute on Aging 1572:Annals of Internal Medicine 1296: 1287: 1160:stress urinary incontinence 733:. Please help Knowledge by 668:overactive bladder syndrome 534: 529:overactive bladder syndrome 517:stress urinary incontinence 431:Overactive bladder syndrome 335:Stress urinary incontinence 329:overactive bladder syndrome 309:overactive bladder syndrome 281:overactive bladder syndrome 249:Stress urinary incontinence 223:stress urinary incontinence 181:, poor bladder compliance, 10: 5178: 4413:O'Reilly T (8 June 2017). 4306:Graham J (July 29, 2014). 4107:10.3310/nihrevidence_51255 3675:10.6061/clinics/2016(02)08 2661:10.1007/s11606-019-05028-0 2017:10.1152/physrev.00038.2003 1236: 1186: 1094: 968: 546: 472:involve a balance between 404:Neurogenic disorders like 387:central diabetes insipidus 317:bladder outlet obstruction 5157:Aging-associated diseases 5059: 5029:Non-gonococcal urethritis 5014: 4954: 4921: 4847: 4804: 4778: 4715: 4684: 4555: 4477: 4181:Obstetrics and Gynecology 3380:American Family Physician 2947:Journal of Women's Health 2448:American Family Physician 2304:10.1007/s00192-013-2061-7 2227:"Functional incontinence" 452: 257:pelvic support structures 227:urge urinary incontinence 160: 62: 57: 48: 40: 35: 5082:Retroperitoneal fibrosis 5001:Vesicointestinal fistula 3250:Journal of Physiotherapy 2265:10.1001/jama.246.12.1339 2083:World Journal of Urology 1387:medicaldictionaryweb.com 1256:in the 1980s with actor 1203: 241:tissue will demonstrate 208: 5077:Urinary tract infection 4617:considered for deletion 4241:10.1093/ageing/26.5.367 3461:(12): 861–74, W301-10. 2203:"Overflow Incontinence" 2139:Urology Care Foundation 1898:10.1186/1471-2490-14-99 767:Functional incontinence 361: 319:, a dysfunction of the 279:, a condition known as 4834:Extravasation of urine 4441:www.olmsteadrights.org 3781:Davey M (2017-08-31). 3583:(inactive 2024-08-01). 3581:10.23970/ahrqepccer212 1814:(inactive 2024-08-01). 1812:10.23970/ahrqepccer212 1263: 1252:aggressively marketed 1146: 1024: 1012:Intermittent catheters 981: 735:rewriting this section 582: 544: 440:, caffeine intake and 347:prostate brachytherapy 327:), eventually causing 300: 286: 218: 183:urethral hypermobility 103:health care. The term 91:, is any uncontrolled 5006:Vesicoureteral reflux 4969:Interstitial cystitis 4365:10.1002/9781118814789 2959:10.1089/jwh.2018.7140 2005:Physiological Reviews 1144: 1105:overflow incontinence 1022: 976: 674:Overflow incontinence 596:Other tests include: 576: 542: 294: 273:athletic incontinence 216: 179:detrusor overactivity 137:Overflow incontinence 89:involuntary urination 44:Involuntary urination 5152:Urinary incontinence 5114:Urinary incontinence 5072:Obstructive uropathy 4984:Hemorrhagic cystitis 4723:Urinary incontinence 4623:Urinary incontinence 4592:Urinary incontinence 2517:"Bladder retraining" 2384:on 22 November 2010. 1194:pelvic floor muscles 878:pelvic floor therapy 737:with your own words. 590:physical examination 502:pelvic floor muscles 81:Urinary incontinence 36:Urinary incontinence 18:Urinary Incontinence 4748:Post-void dribbling 1830:Also available at: 1444:"Medicinewise News" 1313:Stress incontinence 1278:incontinence briefs 963:breathing exercises 834:Coital incontinence 828:Post-void dribbling 807:Giggle incontinence 658:Stress incontinence 543:Voiding dysfunction 414:Parkinson's disease 353:can all damage the 149:Treatments include 131:Stress incontinence 5041:Urethral stricture 4946:Ureteric stricture 4743:Nocturnal enuresis 4674:Signs and symptoms 4556:External resources 2378:The Female Patient 2095:10.1007/BF02202011 1308:Fecal incontinence 1147: 1125:Urodynamic testing 1025: 990:Collecting systems 982: 930:electrostimulation 907:electrostimulation 818:fecal incontinence 798:Nocturnal enuresis 783:obstetric fistulas 713:close paraphrasing 681:Mixed incontinence 583: 545: 510:urethral sphincter 494:urethral sphincter 422:spinal cord injury 406:multiple sclerosis 379:primary polydipsia 355:urethral sphincter 301: 219: 175:urethral sphincter 143:Mixed incontinence 109:nocturnal enuresis 5139: 5138: 5051:Urethral caruncle 5036:Urethral syndrome 4880: 4879: 4770:Urinary retention 4601: 4600: 4265:BJU International 4034:(11): 1150–1157. 3419:10.1002/nau.23429 3343:BJU International 3163:10.1002/nau.24984 2906:10.1111/cob.12450 2760:Beaumont Health. 2259:(12): 1339–1340. 2207:Michigan Medicine 1749:(12): 1511–1522. 1517:978-88-470-5441-7 1477:Ghosh AK (2008). 1332:Ackley B (2010). 1056:Vaginal pessaries 1001:incontinence pads 763: 762: 755: 685:urinary retention 664:Urge incontinence 579:urinary retention 381:(excessive fluid 375:diabetes mellitus 304:Urge incontinence 297:prostatic urethra 269:Caesarean section 125:Urge incontinence 87:), also known as 78: 77: 30:Medical condition 16:(Redirected from 5169: 4913:Diseases of the 4907: 4900: 4893: 4884: 4883: 4733:Diurnal enuresis 4707:Vesical tenesmus 4676:relating to the 4667: 4660: 4653: 4644: 4643: 4620: 4475: 4474: 4463: 4457: 4451: 4445: 4444: 4433: 4427: 4426: 4424: 4422: 4410: 4404: 4403: 4385: 4379: 4378: 4352: 4346: 4345: 4329: 4323: 4322: 4320: 4318: 4303: 4297: 4296: 4260: 4254: 4253: 4243: 4219: 4213: 4212: 4176: 4170: 4169: 4159: 4149: 4125: 4119: 4118: 4090: 4084: 4083: 4081: 4079: 4070: 4061: 4052: 4051: 4022: 4013: 4012: 4006: 3997: 3991: 3990: 3980: 3970: 3946: 3940: 3939: 3929: 3912:(12): CD002239. 3897: 3888: 3887: 3878: 10604512. 3866:(10): CD008709. 3855: 3849: 3848: 3838: 3806: 3797: 3796: 3794: 3793: 3778: 3772: 3771: 3769: 3768: 3752: 3746: 3745: 3735: 3703: 3697: 3696: 3686: 3654: 3648: 3647: 3637: 3605: 3599: 3598: 3592: 3584: 3568: 3559: 3558: 3556: 3555: 3541: 3535: 3534: 3532: 3531: 3517: 3511: 3510: 3508: 3507: 3493: 3487: 3486: 3450: 3439: 3438: 3413:(3): 1169–1175. 3402: 3396: 3395: 3375: 3369: 3368: 3358: 3334: 3328: 3327: 3317: 3300:(12): CD001756. 3285: 3279: 3278: 3265: 3241: 3232: 3231: 3221: 3204:(12): CD012390. 3189: 3183: 3182: 3157:(6): 1258–1269. 3145: 3136: 3135: 3125: 3093: 3084: 3083: 3081: 3079: 3074:on 29 March 2013 3063: 3057: 3056: 3028: 3022: 3021: 2985: 2979: 2978: 2942: 2936: 2935: 2917: 2894:Clinical Obesity 2885: 2879: 2878: 2859:10.7326/m13-2410 2841: 2826: 2825: 2815: 2798:(8): 1177–1191. 2783: 2777: 2776: 2774: 2772: 2766:www.beaumont.org 2757: 2751: 2750: 2738: 2732: 2731: 2721: 2704:(12): CD003505. 2689: 2683: 2682: 2672: 2655:(8): 1615–1625. 2640: 2634: 2633: 2623: 2591: 2580: 2579: 2543: 2537: 2536: 2534: 2532: 2523:. Archived from 2513: 2507: 2506: 2487:10.7326/M18-0225 2470: 2464: 2463: 2439: 2433: 2432: 2413:10.7326/M18-0595 2395: 2386: 2385: 2380:. Archived from 2369: 2363: 2362: 2352: 2332: 2326: 2325: 2315: 2283: 2277: 2276: 2248: 2242: 2241: 2239: 2238: 2223: 2217: 2216: 2214: 2213: 2199: 2193: 2192: 2190: 2189: 2174: 2168: 2167: 2155: 2149: 2148: 2146: 2145: 2131: 2125: 2124: 2106: 2078: 2072: 2071: 2035: 2029: 2028: 2000: 1994: 1993: 1983: 1951: 1942: 1941: 1927: 1921: 1920: 1910: 1900: 1876: 1867: 1866: 1864: 1862: 1847: 1834: 1829: 1823: 1815: 1805: 1796: 1777: 1776: 1758: 1734: 1728: 1727: 1725: 1724: 1709: 1703: 1702: 1700: 1698: 1684: 1678: 1677: 1667: 1635: 1629: 1628: 1626: 1624: 1610: 1604: 1603: 1584:10.7326/M18-3227 1566: 1560: 1559: 1539: 1530: 1529: 1501: 1495: 1494: 1474: 1463: 1462: 1460: 1459: 1450:. Archived from 1448:NPS MedicineWise 1440: 1434: 1433: 1431: 1430: 1419: 1410: 1409: 1408:. Guts UK. 2018. 1407: 1397: 1391: 1390: 1379: 1373: 1372: 1357:Venes D (2013). 1354: 1348: 1347: 1329: 1117:prophylactically 951:abdominal muscle 919:bladder training 758: 751: 747: 744: 738: 724: 704: 703: 696: 486:detrusor muscles 155:bladder training 93:leakage of urine 53: 33: 32: 21: 5177: 5176: 5172: 5171: 5170: 5168: 5167: 5166: 5142: 5141: 5140: 5135: 5055: 5046:Meatal stenosis 5010: 4950: 4917: 4911: 4881: 4876: 4862:Brewer infarcts 4843: 4800: 4774: 4711: 4680: 4671: 4605: 4602: 4597: 4596: 4551: 4550: 4486: 4472: 4467: 4466: 4453: 4452: 4448: 4435: 4434: 4430: 4420: 4418: 4411: 4407: 4400: 4386: 4382: 4375: 4353: 4349: 4330: 4326: 4316: 4314: 4304: 4300: 4261: 4257: 4220: 4216: 4177: 4173: 4140:(8): e1001505. 4126: 4122: 4091: 4087: 4077: 4075: 4068: 4062: 4055: 4023: 4016: 4004: 3998: 3994: 3947: 3943: 3898: 3891: 3856: 3852: 3821:(1): CD001754. 3807: 3800: 3791: 3789: 3779: 3775: 3766: 3764: 3754: 3753: 3749: 3718:(3): CD012457. 3704: 3700: 3655: 3651: 3620:(7): CD003881. 3606: 3602: 3586: 3585: 3569: 3562: 3553: 3551: 3543: 3542: 3538: 3529: 3527: 3519: 3518: 3514: 3505: 3503: 3495: 3494: 3490: 3451: 3442: 3403: 3399: 3376: 3372: 3335: 3331: 3286: 3282: 3242: 3235: 3190: 3186: 3146: 3139: 3108:(7): CD002114. 3094: 3087: 3077: 3075: 3064: 3060: 3029: 3025: 2986: 2982: 2943: 2939: 2886: 2882: 2842: 2829: 2784: 2780: 2770: 2768: 2758: 2754: 2739: 2735: 2690: 2686: 2641: 2637: 2606:(9): CD012337. 2592: 2583: 2544: 2540: 2530: 2528: 2527:on 1 March 2012 2515: 2514: 2510: 2471: 2467: 2440: 2436: 2396: 2389: 2370: 2366: 2333: 2329: 2284: 2280: 2249: 2245: 2236: 2234: 2225: 2224: 2220: 2211: 2209: 2201: 2200: 2196: 2187: 2185: 2176: 2175: 2171: 2156: 2152: 2143: 2141: 2133: 2132: 2128: 2079: 2075: 2036: 2032: 2001: 1997: 1966:(2): CD004462. 1952: 1945: 1928: 1924: 1877: 1870: 1860: 1858: 1848: 1837: 1817: 1816: 1803: 1797: 1780: 1735: 1731: 1722: 1720: 1711: 1710: 1706: 1696: 1694: 1686: 1685: 1681: 1644:Brain Pathology 1636: 1632: 1622: 1620: 1612: 1611: 1607: 1567: 1563: 1540: 1533: 1518: 1502: 1498: 1491: 1475: 1466: 1457: 1455: 1442: 1441: 1437: 1428: 1426: 1421: 1420: 1413: 1405: 1399: 1398: 1394: 1381: 1380: 1376: 1369: 1355: 1351: 1344: 1330: 1326: 1321: 1299: 1290: 1266: 1239: 1230: 1214:prostate cancer 1206: 1189: 1172: 1097: 1065: 1030:(also known as 971: 915:Kegel exercises 891: 874: 865: 759: 748: 742: 739: 728: 722:Copyvios report 720: 705: 701: 694: 651: 571: 551: 537: 525:detrusor muscle 506:detrusor muscle 468:Continence and 459:urinary bladder 455: 450: 395:urinary urgency 364: 323:(muscle of the 321:detrusor muscle 289: 277:detrusor muscle 259:as a result of 211: 203:stool impaction 173:dysfunction or 163: 97:quality of life 31: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5175: 5165: 5164: 5159: 5154: 5137: 5136: 5134: 5133: 5132: 5131: 5126: 5121: 5111: 5106: 5105: 5104: 5099: 5094: 5084: 5079: 5074: 5069: 5063: 5061: 5057: 5056: 5054: 5053: 5048: 5043: 5038: 5033: 5032: 5031: 5020: 5018: 5012: 5011: 5009: 5008: 5003: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4987: 4986: 4981: 4976: 4974:Hunner's ulcer 4971: 4960: 4958: 4952: 4951: 4949: 4948: 4943: 4938: 4933: 4927: 4925: 4919: 4918: 4910: 4909: 4902: 4895: 4887: 4878: 4877: 4875: 4874: 4869: 4864: 4859: 4853: 4851: 4845: 4844: 4842: 4841: 4836: 4831: 4830: 4829: 4824: 4819: 4808: 4806: 4802: 4801: 4799: 4798: 4793: 4788: 4782: 4780: 4776: 4775: 4773: 4772: 4767: 4766: 4765: 4760: 4755: 4750: 4745: 4740: 4735: 4730: 4719: 4717: 4713: 4712: 4710: 4709: 4704: 4699: 4694: 4688: 4686: 4682: 4681: 4678:urinary system 4670: 4669: 4662: 4655: 4647: 4641: 4640: 4635: 4629: 4599: 4598: 4595: 4594: 4583: 4572: 4560: 4559: 4557: 4553: 4552: 4549: 4548: 4537: 4526: 4511: 4487: 4482: 4481: 4479: 4478:Classification 4471: 4470:External links 4468: 4465: 4464: 4446: 4428: 4405: 4399:978-3540222255 4398: 4380: 4373: 4347: 4324: 4312:New York Times 4298: 4271:(9): 760–766. 4255: 4234:(5): 367–374. 4228:Age and Ageing 4214: 4187:(1): 149–156. 4171: 4120: 4085: 4053: 4014: 3992: 3941: 3889: 3850: 3798: 3773: 3761:Lieff Cabraser 3747: 3698: 3649: 3600: 3560: 3536: 3512: 3488: 3440: 3397: 3386:(2): 369–376. 3370: 3349:(2): 241–247. 3329: 3280: 3256:(3): 159–168. 3233: 3184: 3137: 3085: 3058: 3023: 2996:(6): 485–493. 2980: 2953:(4): 490–501. 2937: 2880: 2853:(6): 429–440. 2827: 2778: 2752: 2733: 2684: 2635: 2581: 2554:(5): 534–538. 2538: 2508: 2481:(5): 311–319. 2465: 2434: 2407:(5): 320–328. 2387: 2372:Karlovsky ME. 2364: 2343:(161): 1–379. 2327: 2298:(6): 901–912. 2278: 2243: 2218: 2194: 2169: 2150: 2126: 2089:(5): 268–274. 2073: 2046:(2): 298–307. 2030: 2011:(3): 935–986. 1995: 1943: 1922: 1868: 1835: 1778: 1729: 1704: 1692:www.auanet.org 1679: 1650:(3): 325–336. 1630: 1605: 1578:(7): 465–479. 1561: 1531: 1516: 1496: 1489: 1464: 1435: 1411: 1392: 1374: 1367: 1349: 1342: 1323: 1322: 1320: 1317: 1316: 1315: 1310: 1305: 1298: 1295: 1289: 1286: 1265: 1262: 1250:Kimberly-Clark 1238: 1235: 1229: 1226: 1205: 1202: 1188: 1185: 1171: 1168: 1096: 1093: 1064: 1061: 1060: 1059: 1053: 1035: 1016: 1009: 993: 979:foley catheter 970: 967: 898:incontinence. 890: 887: 873: 870: 864: 861: 860: 859: 849: 831: 825: 810: 804: 801: 795: 775:ectopic ureter 771: 761: 760: 708: 706: 699: 693: 690: 689: 688: 678: 671: 661: 650: 647: 635: 634: 628: 622: 616: 610: 604: 570: 567: 547:Main article: 536: 533: 454: 451: 449: 446: 445: 444: 434: 428: 402: 368: 363: 360: 288: 285: 263:, childbirth, 210: 207: 162: 159: 147: 146: 140: 134: 128: 76: 75: 66: 60: 59: 55: 54: 46: 45: 42: 38: 37: 29: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5174: 5163: 5160: 5158: 5155: 5153: 5150: 5149: 5147: 5130: 5127: 5125: 5122: 5120: 5117: 5116: 5115: 5112: 5110: 5107: 5103: 5100: 5098: 5095: 5093: 5092:Bladder stone 5090: 5089: 5088: 5085: 5083: 5080: 5078: 5075: 5073: 5070: 5068: 5065: 5064: 5062: 5058: 5052: 5049: 5047: 5044: 5042: 5039: 5037: 5034: 5030: 5027: 5026: 5025: 5022: 5021: 5019: 5017: 5013: 5007: 5004: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4966: 4965: 4962: 4961: 4959: 4957: 4953: 4947: 4944: 4942: 4939: 4937: 4934: 4932: 4929: 4928: 4926: 4924: 4920: 4916: 4915:urinary tract 4908: 4903: 4901: 4896: 4894: 4889: 4888: 4885: 4873: 4870: 4868: 4865: 4863: 4860: 4858: 4855: 4854: 4852: 4850: 4846: 4840: 4837: 4835: 4832: 4828: 4825: 4823: 4820: 4818: 4815: 4814: 4813: 4810: 4809: 4807: 4803: 4797: 4794: 4792: 4789: 4787: 4784: 4783: 4781: 4777: 4771: 4768: 4764: 4761: 4759: 4756: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4744: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4734: 4731: 4729: 4726: 4725: 4724: 4721: 4720: 4718: 4714: 4708: 4705: 4703: 4700: 4698: 4695: 4693: 4690: 4689: 4687: 4683: 4679: 4675: 4668: 4663: 4661: 4656: 4654: 4649: 4648: 4645: 4639: 4636: 4633: 4630: 4628: 4624: 4618: 4614: 4613: 4609: 4604: 4603: 4593: 4589: 4588: 4584: 4582: 4578: 4577: 4573: 4571: 4567: 4566: 4562: 4561: 4558: 4554: 4547: 4543: 4542: 4538: 4536: 4532: 4531: 4527: 4525: 4521: 4520: 4516: 4512: 4510: 4506: 4502: 4498: 4497: 4493: 4489: 4488: 4485: 4480: 4476: 4461: 4456: 4450: 4442: 4438: 4432: 4416: 4409: 4401: 4395: 4391: 4384: 4376: 4374:9781118814789 4370: 4366: 4362: 4358: 4351: 4343: 4339: 4335: 4328: 4313: 4309: 4302: 4294: 4290: 4286: 4282: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4266: 4259: 4251: 4247: 4242: 4237: 4233: 4229: 4225: 4218: 4210: 4206: 4202: 4198: 4194: 4190: 4186: 4182: 4175: 4167: 4163: 4158: 4153: 4148: 4143: 4139: 4135: 4134:PLOS Medicine 4131: 4124: 4116: 4112: 4108: 4104: 4100: 4099:NIHR Evidence 4096: 4089: 4074: 4067: 4060: 4058: 4049: 4045: 4041: 4037: 4033: 4029: 4021: 4019: 4010: 4003: 3996: 3988: 3984: 3979: 3974: 3969: 3964: 3960: 3956: 3955:F1000Research 3952: 3945: 3937: 3933: 3928: 3923: 3919: 3915: 3911: 3907: 3903: 3896: 3894: 3885: 3881: 3877: 3873: 3869: 3865: 3861: 3854: 3846: 3842: 3837: 3832: 3828: 3824: 3820: 3816: 3812: 3805: 3803: 3788: 3784: 3777: 3763: 3762: 3757: 3751: 3743: 3739: 3734: 3729: 3725: 3721: 3717: 3713: 3709: 3702: 3694: 3690: 3685: 3680: 3676: 3672: 3669:(2): 94–100. 3668: 3664: 3660: 3653: 3645: 3641: 3636: 3631: 3627: 3623: 3619: 3615: 3611: 3604: 3596: 3590: 3582: 3578: 3574: 3567: 3565: 3550: 3546: 3540: 3526: 3522: 3516: 3502: 3498: 3492: 3484: 3480: 3476: 3472: 3468: 3464: 3460: 3456: 3449: 3447: 3445: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3401: 3393: 3389: 3385: 3381: 3374: 3366: 3362: 3357: 3352: 3348: 3344: 3340: 3333: 3325: 3321: 3316: 3311: 3307: 3303: 3299: 3295: 3291: 3284: 3277: 3273: 3269: 3264: 3259: 3255: 3251: 3247: 3240: 3238: 3229: 3225: 3220: 3215: 3211: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3188: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3168: 3164: 3160: 3156: 3152: 3144: 3142: 3133: 3129: 3124: 3119: 3115: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3099: 3092: 3090: 3073: 3069: 3062: 3054: 3050: 3046: 3042: 3038: 3034: 3027: 3019: 3015: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2984: 2976: 2972: 2968: 2964: 2960: 2956: 2952: 2948: 2941: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2921: 2916: 2915:10044/1/89229 2911: 2907: 2903: 2900:(4): e12450. 2899: 2895: 2891: 2884: 2876: 2872: 2868: 2864: 2860: 2856: 2852: 2848: 2840: 2838: 2836: 2834: 2832: 2823: 2819: 2814: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2782: 2767: 2763: 2756: 2748: 2744: 2737: 2729: 2725: 2720: 2715: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2688: 2680: 2676: 2671: 2666: 2662: 2658: 2654: 2650: 2646: 2639: 2631: 2627: 2622: 2617: 2613: 2609: 2605: 2601: 2597: 2590: 2588: 2586: 2577: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2542: 2526: 2522: 2518: 2512: 2504: 2500: 2496: 2492: 2488: 2484: 2480: 2476: 2469: 2461: 2457: 2453: 2449: 2445: 2438: 2430: 2426: 2422: 2418: 2414: 2410: 2406: 2402: 2394: 2392: 2383: 2379: 2375: 2368: 2360: 2356: 2351: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2331: 2323: 2319: 2314: 2309: 2305: 2301: 2297: 2293: 2289: 2282: 2274: 2270: 2266: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2247: 2233:on 2008-07-23 2232: 2228: 2222: 2208: 2204: 2198: 2183: 2179: 2173: 2165: 2161: 2154: 2140: 2136: 2130: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2105: 2104:2027.42/47055 2100: 2096: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2077: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2041: 2034: 2026: 2022: 2018: 2014: 2010: 2006: 1999: 1991: 1987: 1982: 1977: 1973: 1969: 1965: 1961: 1957: 1950: 1948: 1939: 1938: 1933: 1926: 1918: 1914: 1909: 1904: 1899: 1894: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1875: 1873: 1857: 1853: 1846: 1844: 1842: 1840: 1833: 1827: 1821: 1813: 1809: 1802: 1795: 1793: 1791: 1789: 1787: 1785: 1783: 1774: 1770: 1766: 1762: 1757: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1733: 1718: 1714: 1708: 1693: 1689: 1683: 1675: 1671: 1666: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1634: 1619: 1615: 1609: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1565: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1545: 1538: 1536: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1513: 1509: 1508: 1500: 1492: 1490:9781420067514 1486: 1482: 1481: 1473: 1471: 1469: 1454:on 2012-06-30 1453: 1449: 1445: 1439: 1424: 1418: 1416: 1404: 1403: 1396: 1388: 1384: 1378: 1370: 1368:9780803629776 1364: 1360: 1353: 1345: 1343:9780323071505 1339: 1335: 1328: 1324: 1314: 1311: 1309: 1306: 1304: 1301: 1300: 1294: 1285: 1283: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1261: 1259: 1255: 1254:adult diapers 1251: 1246: 1244: 1243:Ebers Papyrus 1234: 1225: 1223: 1217: 1215: 1211: 1210:urinary tract 1201: 1199: 1195: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1167: 1165: 1164:prostatectomy 1162:in men after 1161: 1157: 1152: 1143: 1139: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1126: 1120: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1092: 1089: 1085: 1082: 1081:smooth muscle 1078: 1074: 1070: 1057: 1054: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1036: 1033: 1029: 1021: 1017: 1013: 1010: 1006: 1005:adult diapers 1002: 998: 994: 991: 988: 987: 986: 980: 977:Example of a 975: 966: 964: 960: 956: 952: 948: 943: 940: 937: 933: 931: 925: 922: 920: 916: 912: 908: 904: 899: 895: 886: 883: 879: 869: 857: 856:prostatectomy 853: 850: 847: 843: 839: 835: 832: 829: 826: 823: 819: 815: 811: 808: 805: 802: 799: 796: 793: 792:vaginal vault 789: 784: 780: 776: 772: 768: 765: 764: 757: 754: 746: 736: 732: 726: 723: 718: 714: 709:This section 707: 698: 697: 686: 682: 679: 675: 672: 669: 665: 662: 659: 656: 655: 654: 646: 643: 638: 632: 629: 626: 623: 620: 617: 614: 611: 608: 605: 602: 599: 598: 597: 594: 591: 586: 580: 575: 566: 563: 559: 555: 550: 541: 532: 530: 526: 521: 518: 515:For example, 513: 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