592:, as after-school and Sunday school programs for elementary through middle schoolers. These are located in the Northeastern US and Chicago. Kindershuls emphasize the teaching of Jewish history, from Abraham onward. Jewish culture, including klezmer music and traditional Jewish cooking, is also emphasized, along with the Yiddish language and surrounding culture. Students learn to sing traditional songs in Yiddish, as well as in English and Hebrew. At the end of a student's time at kindershul, when he or she reaches age 12, a secular Bar/Bas Mitzvah ceremony, called a commencement, is held. Commencement students prepare a research paper, a family history paper, and a writeup on
499:, hired a new executive director, Ann Toback, in 2008, reorganized its board and appointed a new president, Madelon "Maddy" Braun, in 2010. It rededicated its mission to education and promoting Jewish community, Yiddish culture and social justice activism. "The plan is to reboot by offering something feels religious Judaism has failed to provide: an education toward a cultural Jewish identity that uses religion as a trigger for activism and connects with a legacy of progressivism and commitment to universal values." The organization sold its former East side building and moved to new offices in the
339:. Many of the Bundists joined The Workmen's Circle and pushed it both to fight exploitative labor practices and to expand its national activities toward Yiddish education and to focus on Yiddish culture, rather than simply providing financial aid. Many of the older members argued that the organization could barely afford to provide its traditional aid to members; this discussion continued for two decades. Zhitlowsky and the Bundists succeeded in persuading the organization to establish a range of cultural activities meant to inform and express the secular Jewish spirit, such as the
475:
and insurance programs, to operate its old age homes, schools, camps and to host "holiday observances interpreting Jewish history in the traditionally secular
Workmen's Circle spirit." It also continued its liberal agenda, supporting universal health care, for example. Its then-president, Mark Mlotek, noted: "this is an organization that says that the language of the murdered people in Eastern Europe was Yiddish ... there is a vibrant Yiddish culture has to be maintained. Without it, a heart and soul will really go away."
484:
535:
303:-speaking Jews fled Eastern Europe with their families, and most immigrated to the United States, many to New York City. They usually arrived penniless, and the bulk of them entered the fast-growing, but exploitative garment industry. Others found work as peddlers, jewelers, launderers, Hebrew tutors and even shopkeepers. To assist each other in adapting to their challenging new life in America, they formed several
416:
507:
come to activism through being literate Jews. The two things go together." Continuing to teach children
Yiddish is "a way of opening their minds and souls to something in our collective past that it is extremely important to connect to." In 2012, the Circle commissioned a study that showed that one in six American Jews "are actively seeking Jewish expression and engagement outside of synagogue life."
279:
229:, helping its members to adapt to their new life in America. It provided life insurance, unemployment relief, healthcare, social interaction, burial assistance and general education through its branches throughout the US as well as through its national office. Soon, the organization was joined by more politically focused socialist
258:. By the 1960s, the Circle's membership began to decline, as Jews joined the middle class and moved from cities to suburbs; the Circle no longer seemed as essential to many as it had been. In the new century, the organization ended its direct health insurance program, streamlined its operations, separated from
459:
Beginning by the 1960s, the Circle's membership slowly declined, reaching a level of about 50,000 members by the 1980s. When the federal
Medicare program began in 1966, the Circle's healthcare programs became less urgently needed. More generally, as its then-president Dr. Barnett Zumhoff explained to
466:
in 1985, with the opening up opportunities for Jews in
American society, and their move into the middle class and dispersion geographically from cities to suburbs and small towns, the Circle was no longer as essential to the Jewish community as it had been. Its membership was no longer predominantly
330:
The organization began to form a national network of autonomous branches soon after its founding, chartered through the national organization, that provided services to their local members. From 1905, greatly increased Jewish immigration to the US, following new pogroms in Russia, brought to
America
315:
goal "of helping to develop in working people a sense of solidarity, a clear, enlightened outlook, the striving, by means of their unity, to acquire that influence in ultimately, bringing on the day of their complete emancipation from exploitation and oppression." Unlike other mutual aid groups, the
510:
The Circle continues to sponsor holiday and community events, coordinate its branches around the country and partner with Jewish school programs. No longer a mutual aid society, it operates seven schools for children (kindershuls) and offers the largest adult
Yiddish language instruction program in
310:
The
Workingmen's Circle Society of New York formed in 1892 thanks to the efforts of two Jewish cloak makers. The Workmen's Circle was established in New York City on September 4, 1900, as a national organization. The group held its first convention in 1901. It immediately provided to its members
474:
By 1996, the Circle's membership had declined to 28,000. By then, it considered itself the only organization promoting
Eastern European Yiddish culture. It continued to teach Yiddish language and literature, to promote secular Jewish community and Jewish arts, music and culture, to provide its aid
506:
By 2010, the Circle had 10,000 members and 20 branches. It used proceeds from the sale of its building to begin to regrow its membership and community and school network, and to hire more educators. Toback said, "Our expression of
Judaism is through activism, and we also believe that young people
522:
On
December 2, 2019, the organization unveiled its new name: the Workers Circle. This name embraces the tenor of the times in gender-neutral fashion and with a nod to the organization's century of activism at the fore of the labor movement, supporting worker rights to this day.
448:; Folksbiene theatre; choral groups), mutual aid and social interaction. It also emphasized social justice, such as efforts to oppose the repression of Soviet Jewry, and support of humanitarian relief efforts, as its political perspective had moved away from socialism towards
406:
initiated a power-struggle in the Circle's national organization and many of its branches around the country, but they were rejected in 1929 and formed a separate organization, taking with them about 5,000 members and some of the Circle's establishments, like Camp Kinderland.
335:. The Bundists advocated the anti-Zionist, anti-assimilationist idea of Yiddish cultural autonomy and a secular Jewish identity, led by education in Yiddish language and literature, socialist ideals, Jewish history and ethical and aesthetic culture, an idea championed by
217:
culture. It operates schools and Yiddish education programs, and year-round programs of concerts, lectures and secular holiday celebrations. The organization has community branch offices throughout North America, a national headquarters in New York City.
511:
the world, which also collaborates with New Yiddish Rep. to teach a Yiddish language through theatre class. Its social justice activism includes opposing unfair labor practices, genocide and racism and supporting comprehensive immigration reform,
311:
life insurance, some unemployment relief, healthcare, social interaction such as dances, and financial assistance in obtaining a graveyard plot. It also held general education sessions on the natural sciences and had the generally pro-labor and
343:
Yiddish theatre troupe (1915), Yiddish book publishing, orchestras, and art expositions sponsored by the branches around the country, Yiddish after school programs for children and teens (beginning in 1918), adult lecture circuits,
456:, and its members enthusiastically supported America's entry into World War II and even became pro-Israel. In 1949, the Workmen's Circle included 700 local branches with 70,000 members in the United States and Canada.
467:
workers, but had become small-business owners, professionals and schoolteachers. Still, the Circle believed that it offered a secular alternative to synagogue attendance and Zionist groups in its preservation of
176:
Ann Toback, CEO; Melissa Karachalios, Director of Development and External Affairs; Jonathan Gold, Director of Finance; Kolya Borodulin, Director of Yiddish Programming; Noelle Damico, Director of Social
398:, where members could receive free treatment for nine months. In the 1920s, the organization reached its peak of 84,000 members, 125 schools nationwide and numerous branches nationwide; for example, the
262:, and rededicated its mission to education and promoting Jewish community, secular Yiddish culture and social justice activism. It sold its former East side building and moved to new offices in the
434:
In the middle of the 20th century, The Workmen's Circle continued to operate old age homes and medical clinics and offer burial assistance, affordable health and life insurance; it established
556:
As an organization organically linked to the historic Jewish labor movement, many of the Workmen's Circle's leaders were involved from its inception until the start of the 21st century with
519:, strong relations between the US and Israel, humanitarian relief, human rights, environmental conservation, women's equality, an increased minimum wage and separation of church and state.
320:
27:
578:
The youth section of the Workmen's Circle in its early years was the Young Circle League of America (YCLA), established in 1930. The group self-identified as "first and foremost a
495:
In the first decade of the 21st century, the organization ended its direct health insurance program and closed its old age homes, streamlined its operations, separated itself from
1212:
1419:
616:
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they have performed through the year. At the group commencement itself, students give a talk on their research topic of choice, often also telling their family history.
332:
230:
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166:
Peter Pepper (past president), Richard Brook, Zeev Dagan, Michelle Green, Michael Kaminer, Irena Klepfisz, Eric Marshall, Dan Opatoshu, Edgar Romney, Eva Zasloff
237:
Yiddish theatre troupe and promoted Jewish arts and music, Yiddish school programs for children and Yiddish summer camps. It became influential in the American
526:
On September 28, 2023, the organization announced it was separating from Camp Kinder Ring and that both organizations will continue to operate independently.
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316:
organization had a workers' social agenda that it took seriously. It "agitated to abolish child labor, establish social security and shorten the work day."
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1282:
1100:
363:
In the meantime, especially after a series of garment workers' strikes in New York beginning in 1910, the Circle became influential in the American
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organization," sponsoring lectures, debates, and educational and recreational programs for its members. The YCLA also published its own magazine,
233:
who advocated the anti-assimilationist idea of Yiddish cultural autonomy, led by education in Yiddish and socialist ideals. The Circle formed the
241:
and grew to serve more than 84,000 members through hundreds of branches around North America. It also became involved with the Yiddish newspaper
438:
to replace Camp Kinderland (and some branches also operated camps); and it continued to have a hand in operating the Yiddish-language newspaper
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444:, which shared its office building in New York. The organization continued to emphasize Yiddish education and the arts (
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J-Source: searchable, online knowledge hub and learner’s guide to the progressive, secular Jewish experience"
402:
district had 17 branches in 1924. But during that decade, members of The Workmen's Circle sympathetic to the
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At the same time, the Workmen's Circle continued its role as a mutual aid society. In 1917 it adopted the
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372:
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1251:
1213:"Keeping Yiddish alive: Festival in Valhalla will feature klezmer music from local musicians"
1194:"Inaugural Taste of Jewish Culture Festival Will Feature Mile End, Shelsky's, Breads Bakery"
368:
8:
929:
403:
951:
1004:
Baskin, Joseph (1949). Joseph Duntov (ed.). "The Workmen's Circle in Southern States".
462:
431:
split off form The Workmen's Circle as a parallel Communist fraternal benefit society.
222:
158:
1326:"Workmen’s Circle Statement in Response to the Leadership of Conference of Presidents"
593:
395:
209:
that promotes social and economic justice, Jewish community and education, including
641:
1462:
The Fertile Soil of Growth, Life and Ideas: Jewish Anarchist Solidarity in Winnipeg
1306:
435:
420:
336:
323:
191:
1126:
834:
Register of the Records of the Workmen's Circle, Philadelphia District, 1931–1968"
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1378:
1313:
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793:
566:
345:
304:
238:
226:
1148:
1076:"Workmen's Circle/Arbeter Ring Sets Up Shop in New York City's Garment District"
1373:
761:"Brother, Friend, Comrade': The Workman's Circle and Jewish Culture, 1900–1930"
589:
364:
214:
1006:
Journal for the 1949 Convention of the Southern Region of the Workmen's Circle
1514:
560:. Through much of the 20th century, the organization's newsletter was called
445:
97:
58:
1316:, The Anti-Defamation League, September 23, 2008, accessed November 11, 2014
399:
391:
483:
26:
1494:
1488:
540:
491:
near the Millinery District Synagogue on Sixth Avenue (here, circa 2008).
440:
243:
1101:"One in 6 unaffiliated U.S. Jews seeking Jewish expression, poll finds"
980:"With Appointment of New President, the 'Circle' Now Comes Full Circle"
663:
468:
449:
340:
251:
234:
375:. Members of The Workers Circle helped found such labor unions as the
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language – here, its dialects in Eastern Europe (15th–19th centuries).
1362:
The Workers Circle and Camp Kinder Ring Announce Exciting New Chapter
312:
1420:"The Secular Yiddish School and Summer Camp: A Hundred-Year History"
534:
1404:
Y. Murray Goldman, "YCLA – Fraternal Order for Progressive Youth,"
930:"International Workers Order (1922 - 1946): Organizational History"
904:"Jewish Currents Magazine and a Longtime Adversary Decide to Merge"
549:
453:
319:
255:
588:
The Arbeter Ring runs seven kindershuls, or children's schools of
415:
360:), a monthly pedagogical journal for the teachers in its schools.
348:(1923) and the organization's own literary and political journal,
1340:, Voice of America, February 10, 2010, accessed November 11, 2014
300:
283:
210:
110:
1283:"This Sunday school teaches Jewish kids Yiddish – and socialism"
247:
and operated old-age homes, medical clinics and other services.
1505:
266:
of New York City in 2011. The Workmen's Circle is a nonprofit
1500:
78:
1349:
617:
List of North American ethnic and religious fraternal orders
390:
mortuary table, and by 1920 it established a sanatorium for
203:
278:
250:
Politically, the Circle moved away from socialism towards
221:
Formed in 1900 by Yiddish-speaking Jewish immigrants from
1482:
1457:
Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press (2005)
68:
1390:
editor's blog, March 16, 2009, accessed November 9, 2014
1455:
A Fire in Their Hearts: Yiddish Socialists in New York.
863:
Coming Full Circle: 2014 Workmen's Circle Annual Report
731:
Coming Full Circle: 2014 Workmen's Circle Annual Report
570:
magazine and supplied it to the members of the Circle.
1364:, The Workmen's Circle Website, accessed Nov 9th, 2023
331:
large numbers of politically sophisticated socialist
326:(1865–1943) inspired formation of The Workers Circle.
733:. The Workmen's Circle: 2 (origins), 3 (motto). 2014
564:. From 2005 to 2009, The Workmen's Circle published
1466:
Canadian Jewish Studies / Études Juives Canadiennes
1352:, The Workmen's Circle, accessed November 11, 2014
718:
716:
89:support Jewish culture and social-economic justice
1237:
1235:
1233:
1512:
1571:Anti-fascist organizations in the United States
1566:Non-profit organizations based in New York City
1556:Jewish organizations based in the United States
1495:Guide to the Records of Boston Workmen's Circle
713:
1307:ADL Joins Broad Coalition Opposing DC Gun Bill
1230:
826:
824:
822:
820:
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31:Logo under former name "The Workmen's Circle"
1576:Ethnic fraternal orders in the United States
1489:Guide to the Records of the Workmen's Circle
1374:"Welcoming Our New Workmen's Circle Readers"
1050:"Rock-a-bye, My Baby, with a Yiddish Melody"
754:
752:
750:
748:
544:for many years (here expressing support for
1536:Secular Jewish culture in the United States
815:
798:"Workmen's Circle: 85 Years of Aid to Jews"
689:
687:
685:
683:
681:
297:pogroms in the 1880s and succeeding decades
225:, The Workmen's Circle at first acted as a
1400:
1398:
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377:International Ladies Garment Workers Union
25:
1105:The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles
1024:"A Keeper of the Flame of Jewish Culture"
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1328:, The Workmen's Circle, November 3, 2014
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886:, Vol.XXX, Issue No. 9, April 1920, p. 9
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1561:Jewish-American political organizations
1408:, vol. 20, no. 18 (May 1, 1937), pg. 9.
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381:Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America
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1021:
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977:
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898:
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696:"Storied Jewish Group Tries to Reboot"
487:The Workers Circle now resides in the
388:National Fraternal Congress of America
16:American Jewish nonprofit organization
1338:"New York's Jews Unite to Help Haiti"
1280:
927:
1581:1900 establishments in New York City
1551:Yiddish culture in the United States
1073:
1048:Robinson, George (24 January 2012).
978:Hirsch, Deborah (11 November 2010).
775:
656:
634:
290:
1271:
921:
758:
195:
13:
1447:
1418:Zumoff, Barnett (August 9, 2013).
694:Beckerman, Gal (8 December 2010).
513:single-payer universal health care
14:
1597:
1586:Organizations established in 1900
1476:
1382:, accessed November 9, 2014; and
1022:Greene, Donna (3 November 1996).
1008:. The Workmen's Circle: 5, 38–48.
573:
1546:Jewish educational organizations
1211:Lombroso, Linda (25 July 2011).
865:. The Workmen's Circle: 12. 2014
831:Felsten, Judith (October 1982).
410:
1411:
1384:"The Future of Jewish Currents"
1367:
1355:
1343:
1331:
1319:
1300:
1204:
1192:Crowley, Chris (27 July 2014).
1185:
1163:
1141:
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1074:Leon, Masha (21 October 2011).
1067:
1041:
997:
944:
763:. Dustin M. Wax's personal blog
759:Wax, Dustin M. (28 July 2000).
529:
478:
1541:Socialism in the United States
1526:Jewish community organizations
877:
848:
1:
538:The Workers Circle published
371:, later helping to found the
1281:Sales, Ben (27 April 2017).
952:"Camp Kinder Ring: About Us"
628:
606:United Jewish People's Order
419:The Workers Circle operates
282:The Workers Circle promotes
7:
1244:Workman's Circle Newsletter
622:International Workers Order
599:
489:Garment District, Manhattan
429:International Workers Order
10:
1602:
1531:Jewish clubs and societies
1460:Tarasova Chomard, Maria. “
552:" in Yiddish and English).
503:of New York City in 2011.
273:
1501:I.L. Peretz Jewish School
1287:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
562:The Workmen's Circle Call
423:(here, front gate, 2006).
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1521:Bundism in North America
932:. Early American Marxism
611:Arbeiter Ring Publishing
160:Board of directors
42:; 124 years ago
1127:"National Communities"
954:. The Workmen's Circle
856:"Defending the Circle"
553:
492:
424:
373:Jewish Labor Committee
327:
299:, more than 2 million
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268:501(c)(3) organization
207:nonprofit organization
40:September 4, 1900
1506:Arbeter Ring in Paris
1491:, 1903–1993, New York
537:
486:
418:
322:
281:
1242:Toback, Ann (2016).
1173:. The Workers Circle
1151:. The Workers Circle
1129:. The Workers Circle
796:(10 November 1985).
724:"Forming the Circle"
666:. The Workers Circle
664:"Board of Directors"
644:. The Workers Circle
642:"Board of Directors"
369:United Hebrew Trades
305:mutual aid societies
200:The Workmen's Circle
452:by the time of the
254:by the time of the
21:
1483:The Workers Circle
1312:2008-10-01 at the
1171:"Yiddish Language"
613:, Winnipeg, Canada
584:The Call of Youth.
554:
493:
463:The New York Times
425:
328:
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227:mutual aid society
184:The Workers Circle
105:Official language
20:The Workers Circle
19:
1432:on April 17, 2014
1259:Missing or empty
1149:"Jewish Learning"
1107:. 10 October 2012
902:(13 April 2006).
884:Fraternal Monitor
594:community service
471:Yiddish culture.
396:Liberty, New York
291:Inception to 1930
202:, is an American
196:דער אַרבעטער־רינג
181:
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1485:Official website
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517:gun control
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441:The Forward
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260:The Forward
244:The Forward
138:VP Strategy
132:Jay Sackman
1515:Categories
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