314:
51:
1501:
608:
594:
622:
443:
words typically were invented, introduced from other German dialects of the region, or
English loanwords were introduced for words not present in 19th-century German. Dialect leveling is also found throughout many of the American German dialects including Texas German. In some cases, these new words
324:
While most heritage languages in the United States die out by the third generation, Texas German is unusual in that most German Texans continued to speak German in their homes and communities for several generations after settling in the state. The State of Texas recognized German as having equal
360:
It's an odd mixture of
English and 19th-century German," says Boas ... "Hardly any of the Texas Germans speak alike. There's a lot of variation in the dialect. Texas German borrows about 5 to 6 percent of its vocabulary from
333:. Afterwards, Texas schools mandated English-only instruction, and required children to learn English in school regardless of what language they spoke at home. Due to the assimilation of these communities and strong
1099:
375:
An episode with the title "Texas German" was published on the podcast Yellow of the Egg in 2022, where Dr. Hans C. Boas (Director of the Texas German
Dialect Project) was a guest.
1320:
431:, has a German-speaking population of 2,270, 11.51% of the county's total. In all, 82,100 German-speakers reside in the state of Texas, including European German speakers.
903:
1217:
1092:
1135:
1085:
1562:
1293:
956:
777:
1537:
912:
353:
714:
345:, Texas German speakers decided to stop transmitting the language to their children, and shifted towards speaking only English.
1542:
1207:
665:
820:
1051:
1001:
988:
974:
935:
728:
415:, all of which except for Schulenburg and Weimar, lie in the traditional Texas German heartland of the Hill Country.
387:, the town with the largest community of Texas German speakers, representing 12.48% of the total population, 840 in
1557:
1552:
1286:
1532:
880:
349:
1484:
876:"Vanishing Voices: Linguists work with remaining speakers of dying languages to preserve cultural memories"
17:
1572:
1567:
1547:
1505:
1279:
1171:
650:
352:
is recording and studying the dialect, building on research originally performed by Dr. Glenn
Gilbert of
1125:
1423:
1411:
905:
Microsoft Word - Life and Death of Texas German review - Review of Life and Death of Texas German.pdf
1527:
1255:
825:
217:
875:
124:
114:
960:
369:, describes the German dialects which may have been the source of the language spoken in Texas.
1479:
1428:
1350:
1234:
1202:
1176:
1129:
384:
334:
250:
134:
1077:
686:
372:
A short documentary project named "All Güt Things" was produced about Texas German in 2016.
313:
1443:
640:
444:
also exist in modern
Standard German, but with a different meaning. For instance, the word
388:
246:
8:
1463:
258:
1382:
1302:
805:
282:
270:
238:
119:
77:
1222:
1389:
1338:
1333:
1067:
1047:
724:
428:
188:
1458:
1453:
1406:
1376:
1370:
1363:
1212:
1186:
1166:
1156:
655:
613:
463:
424:
416:
396:
326:
50:
1448:
1356:
1109:
782:
746:
Legends of Texas
Barbecue Cookbook: Recipes and Recollections from the Pitmasters
474:
440:
290:
274:
242:
222:
205:
106:
383:
As of the U.S. 2000 Census, some 1,035 people report speaking German at home in
1438:
1344:
1328:
1250:
1161:
847:
627:
408:
294:
286:
266:
262:
1014:"Texas German Dialect Project – Dedicated to the Preservation of Texas German"
439:
Texas German is adapted to U.S. measurement and legal terminologies. Standard
1521:
1416:
691:
420:
412:
404:
298:
254:
226:
129:
87:
55:
1433:
1260:
1181:
1151:
660:
635:
599:
342:
936:
MLA Language Map Data Center results, Fredericksburg, Texas, all languages
645:
392:
338:
330:
278:
302:
1046:. Publication of the American Dialect Society. Duke University Press.
1271:
175:
163:
852:
821:"Texas German dying out: language of settlers aging with its users"
720:
607:
1229:
451:
234:
400:
1107:
957:"MLA Language Map Data Center results, Fredericksburg, Texas"
778:"Documentarians fight to preserve dying Texas-German dialect"
67:
225:
spoken by descendants of mid-19th century German settlers,
457:
The table below illustrates some examples of differences:
848:"German dialect in Texas is one of a kind, and dying out"
975:"MLA Language Map Data Center results, Stonewall, Texas"
758:
1072:
434:
378:
989:"MLA Language Map Data Center results, Harper, Texas"
1013:
1002:
MLA Language Map Data Center results, Comfort, Texas
589:
752:
1519:
1287:
1093:
772:
770:
818:
761:German-American Life: Recipes and Traditions
499:
489:
445:
308:
40:
868:
1294:
1280:
1100:
1086:
767:
743:
419:, with the communities of Fredericksburg,
49:
737:
312:
951:
949:
947:
945:
943:
354:Southern Illinois University Carbondale
14:
1520:
1301:
1068:"All Gut Things" crowdsourcing project
27:German dialects of south-central Texas
1275:
1081:
684:
216:
1563:German language in the United States
1041:
940:
712:
666:German language in the United States
759:John D. Zug; Karin Gottier (1991).
435:Comparisons with German and English
379:Current distribution and population
24:
1044:The Life and Death of Texas German
819:O'Connor, Kyrie (March 10, 2013).
367:The Life and Death of Texas German
25:
1584:
1061:
1538:German-American culture in Texas
1500:
1499:
620:
606:
592:
1006:
995:
981:
967:
929:
896:
748:. Chronicle Books. p. 119.
840:
812:
806:"The Laws of Texas, 1822-1897"
798:
706:
687:"Auf Wiedersehen to a Dialect"
678:
13:
1:
1543:Endangered diaspora languages
881:University of Texas at Austin
763:. Penfield Press. p. 58.
671:
1485:Black American Sign Language
1073:Texas German Dialect Project
450:(used for "airplane") means
365:Boas' book on the language,
348:Currently, Dr. Hans Boas at
7:
585:
241:, and founded the towns of
10:
1589:
1314:indicate extinct languages
1035:
1495:
1472:
1412:Southern American English
1399:
1319:
1309:
1243:
1195:
1144:
1117:
685:Vince, Katy (July 2013).
500:
490:
446:
309:History and documentation
187:
173:
161:
156:
103:
93:
83:
73:
63:
48:
41:
39:
34:
1256:Kiautschou German pidgin
1208:Argentinian Swiss German
826:San Antonio Express-News
716:Germany and the Americas
223:German language dialects
1558:Gillespie County, Texas
1553:German-American history
350:the University of Texas
319:Karte des Staates Texas
218:[ˈtɛksasˌdɔʏtʃ]
1480:American Sign Language
363:
321:
209:
1130:Namibian Black German
1112:spoken outside Europe
1042:Boas, Hans C (2009).
713:Adam, Thomas (2005).
358:
335:anti-German sentiment
316:
1533:New Braunfels, Texas
1444:Afro-Seminole Creole
1321:Indigenous languages
1244:Asia and the Pacific
641:New Braunfels, Texas
479:Literal translation
454:in Standard German.
317:A Texas German map,
231:Texas German Country
78:Texas German Country
1400:Immigrant languages
1223:Paraná Volga German
963:on August 15, 2013.
744:Robb Walsh (2016).
651:Pennsylvania German
544:blanket (borrowing)
471:Literal translation
329:from 1846 up until
229:. They settled the
1573:Diaspora languages
1568:Languages of Texas
1548:Texas Hill Country
1303:Languages of Texas
1172:Pennsylvania Dutch
322:
271:Texas Hill Country
1515:
1514:
1269:
1268:
786:. October 5, 2016
583:
582:
199:
198:
16:(Redirected from
1580:
1503:
1502:
1407:American English
1296:
1289:
1282:
1273:
1272:
1213:Brazilian German
1203:Alemán Coloniero
1187:Wisconsin German
1167:Hutterite German
1102:
1095:
1088:
1079:
1078:
1057:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1010:
1004:
999:
993:
992:
985:
979:
978:
971:
965:
964:
959:. Archived from
953:
938:
933:
927:
926:
925:
923:
918:on July 12, 2010
917:
911:, archived from
910:
900:
894:
893:
891:
889:
872:
866:
865:
863:
861:
844:
838:
837:
835:
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810:
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802:
796:
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793:
791:
774:
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764:
756:
750:
749:
741:
735:
734:
723:. p. 1031.
710:
704:
703:
701:
699:
682:
656:Hutterite German
630:
625:
624:
623:
616:
614:Languages portal
611:
610:
602:
597:
596:
595:
503:
493:
464:American English
460:
459:
449:
417:Gillespie County
221:) is a group of
220:
215:
195:
166:
109:
53:
44:
32:
31:
21:
1588:
1587:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1578:
1577:
1528:German dialects
1518:
1517:
1516:
1511:
1491:
1468:
1395:
1315:
1305:
1300:
1270:
1265:
1239:
1191:
1157:Alsatian German
1140:
1136:Nataler Deutsch
1126:Namibian German
1113:
1106:
1064:
1054:
1038:
1033:
1032:
1022:
1020:
1012:
1011:
1007:
1000:
996:
987:
986:
982:
973:
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968:
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941:
934:
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873:
869:
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846:
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831:
829:
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813:
804:
803:
799:
789:
787:
783:The Daily Texan
776:
775:
768:
757:
753:
742:
738:
731:
711:
707:
697:
695:
683:
679:
674:
626:
621:
619:
612:
605:
598:
593:
591:
588:
579:empty; used up
552:blanket, cover
475:Standard German
441:American German
437:
381:
311:
233:, running from
213:
193:
162:
152:
110:
107:Language family
105:
96:
95:Native speakers
59:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1586:
1576:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1489:
1488:
1487:
1476:
1474:
1473:Sign languages
1470:
1469:
1467:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1439:Texas Silesian
1436:
1431:
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1397:
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1299:
1298:
1291:
1284:
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1267:
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1263:
1258:
1253:
1251:Barossa German
1247:
1245:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1237:
1232:
1227:
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1225:
1220:
1210:
1205:
1199:
1197:
1193:
1192:
1190:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1162:Bernese German
1159:
1154:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1138:
1134:South Africa:
1132:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1114:
1105:
1104:
1097:
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1076:
1075:
1070:
1063:
1062:External links
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1005:
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980:
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884:. May 10, 2010
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856:. May 14, 2013
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628:Germany portal
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385:Fredericksburg
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1417:Texan English
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1351:Southern Tiwa
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1196:South America
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1145:North America
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1108:Varieties of
1103:
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1080:
1074:
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1053:9780822367161
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730:9781851096282
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692:Texas Monthly
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529:flight thing
528:
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520:
518:
515:
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506:stink animal
505:
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389:New Braunfels
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247:New Braunfels
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227:Texas Germans
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130:Elbe Germanic
128:
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125:West Germanic
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115:Indo-European
112:
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99:70,000 (1972)
98:
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88:Texas Germans
86:
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52:
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43:
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33:
30:
19:
1504:
1434:Texas German
1388:
1381:
1369:
1362:
1355:
1345:Lipan Apache
1343:
1311:
1261:Unserdeutsch
1235:Plautdietsch
1218:Ostpommersch
1182:Texas German
1177:Plautdietsch
1152:Amana German
1043:
1021:. Retrieved
1017:
1008:
997:
983:
969:
961:the original
931:
920:, retrieved
913:the original
904:
898:
886:. Retrieved
879:
870:
858:. Retrieved
851:
842:
830:. Retrieved
824:
814:
800:
788:. Retrieved
781:
760:
754:
745:
739:
715:
708:
696:. Retrieved
690:
680:
661:Plautdietsch
636:German Texan
600:Texas portal
574:
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468:Texas German
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347:
343:World War II
337:during both
323:
318:
259:Pflugerville
239:Hills Region
230:
210:Texasdeutsch
202:Texas German
201:
200:
194:de-u-sd-ustx
181:
174:
140:Texas German
139:
58:architecture
56:Texas German
42:Texasdeutsch
35:Texas German
29:
18:Texas German
1429:Texas Czech
790:October 10,
646:Czech Texan
567:empty; gone
393:Schulenburg
339:World War I
331:World War I
283:Schulenburg
279:North Texas
135:High German
1522:Categories
1464:Vietnamese
672:References
517:Luftschiff
491:Stinkkatze
447:Luftschiff
429:Luckenbach
411:and 19 in
325:status to
303:East Texas
214:pronounced
1383:Karankawa
1124:Namibia:
1023:April 29,
501:Stinktier
496:stink cat
425:Stonewall
397:Stonewall
391:, 150 in
361:English.'
176:Glottolog
164:ISO 639-3
84:Ethnicity
1506:Category
1390:Cotoname
1339:Kickapoo
1334:Comanche
1018:tgdp.org
888:June 30,
853:BBC News
721:ABC-CLIO
698:April 7,
586:See also
525:Flugzeug
512:airplane
407:, 45 in
403:, 65 in
399:, 70 in
395:, 85 in
291:Industry
275:Muenster
243:Bulverde
120:Germanic
1459:Tagalog
1454:Chinese
1424:Spanish
1377:Koasati
1371:Atakapa
1364:Tonkawa
1312:Italics
1230:Hunsrik
1036:Sources
922:June 2,
860:June 2,
832:June 2,
808:. 1898.
540:Blanket
535:blanket
521:airship
452:airship
409:Comfort
327:Spanish
295:New Ulm
287:Brenham
269:in the
267:Comfort
263:Walburg
237:to the
235:Houston
1449:French
1357:Solano
1118:Africa
1110:German
1050:
727:
427:, and
421:Harper
413:Weimar
405:Harper
401:Boerne
299:Weimar
281:; and
255:Boerne
206:German
74:Region
1329:Caddo
916:(PDF)
909:(PDF)
548:Decke
485:skunk
68:Texas
1048:ISBN
1025:2019
924:2013
890:2019
862:2013
834:2013
792:2016
725:ISBN
700:2015
575:alle
571:leer
558:gone
341:and
305:.
297:and
265:and
189:IETF
182:None
563:all
301:in
277:in
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1128:,
1016:.
942:^
878:.
850:.
823:.
780:.
769:^
719:.
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573:;
423:,
293:,
289:,
285:,
273:;
261:,
257:,
253:,
249:,
245:,
212:,
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1281:v
1101:e
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1027:.
991:.
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864:.
836:.
794:.
733:.
702:.
204:(
169:–
20:)
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