304:
514:
984:
993:
45:
226:
Pederson mentioned that James Ware, writing in 1639, believed that the birthplace of
Sacrobosco was near Dublin. Stanihurst and even Pederson were probably unaware that the seat of the Sacrobosco / Hollywood family in Ireland was in Artane, a suburb of Dublin. Local historical records in Ireland seem
100:
He wrote a short introduction to the Hindu-Arabic numeral system. Judging from the number of manuscript copies that survive today, for the next 400 years it became the most widely read book on that subject. He also wrote a short textbook which was widely read and influential in Europe during the
125:
wrote in 1271 that
Sacrobosco was born in England. That could be true, yet there is neither good supporting nor good contradicting evidence for it. Based on Anglicus writing so soon after Sacrobosco's death, a birthplace in England may deserve greater credence than later suggestions.
255:
The year of his death is uncertain, with evidence supporting the years 1234, 1236, 1244, and 1256. The inscription marking his burial place in the monastery of Saint-Mathurin, Paris, described him as a "computist" – one who was an expert on calculating the date of Easter.
453:. Sacrobosco made no proposal on how to get rid of the accumulated error. But looking to the future, he proposed to leave one day out of the calendar every 288 years to prevent further error. His criticism would foreshadow the introduction of the
448:
once every fourth year. However, the more precise length of a solar year is about 365.2422 days. By the 13th century, the less accurate 365.25 days had resulted in an accumulated error of about 10 days in the date of the
403:
is thought to have been his first work, written c. 1225. The Hindu–Arabic methods of numerical calculation had arrived in Latin Europe during the previous fifty years but had not been disseminated on a wide scale. Sacrobosco's
133:. Long after his death, Johannes de Sacrobosco was called and sometimes is still called by the name "John of Holywood" or "John of Holybush", a name which was constructed by post-hoc reverse translation of the Medieval Latin
112:
Very little is known about the education and biography of
Sacrobosco. For one thing, his year of death has been guessed at 1236, 1244, and 1256, each of which is plausible and each lacking adequate evidence.
505:
did similar work in 1268, again using Arabic astronomical sources. Sacrobosco also was influenced by Arabic astronomy, but not the same sources, and there is no indication in his writings that he could read
101:
later medieval centuries as an introduction to astronomy. In his longest book, on the computation of the date of Easter, Sacrobosco correctly described the defects of the then-used
252:
degree from another university, and thus qualified to teach) is unclear. In due course, he began to teach the mathematical disciplines at the
University of Paris.
444:
The Julian calendar was instituted in the 1st century BCE. The Julian calendar year contained 365.25 days, with the 0.25 day provided for by a
1097:
457:
in 1582, which corrected the error observed by
Sacrobosco by skipping 10 days, and dropping three of the century leap years in every 400-year period.
290:
242:
According to a seventeenth-century account, he arrived at the
University of Paris on 5 June 1221, but whether as a student or as a graduate (
996:
129:
Among those other possibilities, several different tenuous efforts have been made to figure out his birthplace from his appellative name
344:
and copies had quickly found their way to Paris. In addition
Sacrobosco was able to draw on translations of the Arabic astronomers
1012:
1132:
303:
1087:
513:
1092:
932:
377:
the planet Earth. Though principally about astronomy, in its first chapter the book also contains a clear description of the
1122:
1107:
1102:
1137:
1117:
959:
441:, he maintained that the calendar had accumulated an error of 10 days and that some correction was needed.
1112:
862:
809:
750:
844:
953:
906:
1127:
983:
831:
385:
was required reading by students in all western
European universities for the next four hundred years.
17:
813:
227:
to indicate that
Johannes de Sacrobosco was a member of the Hollywood family, born in Artane Castle.
322:
616:
638:
772:
649:
627:
155:
151:
788:
1018:
794:
501:, which were published in Latin in the 1270s, a few decades after Sacrobosco. The astronomer
216:
212:
1082:
1077:
712:
236:
8:
1039:
243:
94:
28:
716:
888:
728:
557:
502:
454:
208:
189:
106:
36:
1022:
928:
921:
732:
700:
581:
575:
531:
481:
337:
173:
122:
952:
369:– an imaginary backdrop of the stars in the sky – which was the meaning of the word
219:
being familiar to
Stanihurst. A similar claim is made that he was born in Holywood,
720:
548:
498:
494:
365:
345:
313:
286:
278:
50:
32:
768:
150:
as such is an unknown town or region. One traditional report, that he was born in
423:
409:
197:
169:
102:
724:
473:
249:
220:
201:
177:
159:
138:
1071:
1014:
High resolution images of works by and/or portraits of Johannes de Sacrobosco
450:
341:
86:
1054:
1017:. History of Science Collections (.jpg and .tiff images). Online Galleries.
787:
282:
135:
321:) was published. In this book, Sacrobosco gives a readable account of the
357:
307:
Line engraving from 1584, depicting an imagined Johannes de Sacrobosco.
215:
also claims Sacrobosco. However, Pederson attributes this assertion to
90:
44:
477:
445:
412:
and arithmetical procedures into the European university curriculum.
349:
181:
866:
434:
333:
325:
193:
185:
353:
329:
184:, which would be a reason for supposing him to have been born in
82:
239:
is no better documented than the stories on his place of birth.
608:
378:
493:
The data Sacrobosco used were not quite as accurate as the
422:
Sacrobosco may now be most famous for his criticism of the
647:
636:
625:
614:
580:
printed without date or place , and at Vienna, 1517, by
223:, but there is no known supporting historical document.
881:
35:. For the monumental complex in Bomarzo, Italy, see
319:
Treatise on the Sphere / On the Sphere of the World
105:, and recommended a solution similar to the modern
920:
757:. pp. 58–59, 134–135 – via archive.org.
154:, is the speculation of a 16th-century antiquary,
1069:
363:The "sphere" Sacrobosco was referring to is the
744:
742:
273:Si miser es, plora: miserans pro me procor ora.
270:Tempora qui sequeris, memor esto quod morieris.
121:The country in which he was born is uncertain.
1037:
748:
267:tempora discrevit, iacet hic a tempore raptus.
589:
555:
529:
739:
643:(in Latin). Venezia: Lucantonio Giunta (1.).
632:(in Latin). Venezia: Lucantonio Giunta (1.).
621:(in Latin). Venezia: Lucantonio Giunta (1.).
196:and studied the classics among the monks of
963:. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
843:
694:
692:
690:
688:
109:three centuries before its implementation.
27:For the lunar crater and the asteroid, see
1052:
686:
684:
682:
680:
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
668:
574:] (in Latin). Vienna; Cracow; Venice:
336:had been translated into Latin in 1175 by
1098:Academic staff of the University of Paris
1048:] (in Latin) – via archive.org.
828:History and Poetry of the Scottish Border
698:
584:; Cracow, 1521 or 1522; and Venice, 1523
512:
302:
43:
918:
751:"The spread of the numerals in Europe"
665:
314:Tractatus de Sphaera / De Sphaera Mundi
296:
14:
1070:
1038:de Sacro Bosco, Johannes (1841).
785:
654:(in Latin). Paris: Guillaume Cavellat.
648:Sacrobosco, Ioannes : de (1561).
637:Sacrobosco, Ioannes : de (1531).
626:Sacrobosco, Ioannes : de (1531).
615:Sacrobosco, Ioannes : de (1518).
590:de Sacrobosco, Johannes (1572) .
578:& var. – via wikisource.org.
556:de Sacrobosco, Johannes (1523) .
530:de Sacrobosco, Johannes (1472) .
235:The story that he was educated at the
893:Working Group Small Body Nomenclature
749:Smith, D.E.; Karpinski, L.C. (1911).
1003:17th century astronomy textbook
705:Journal for the History of Astronomy
340:from the Arabic translation held in
166:means "holy hair", not "holy wood".
849:The History of the County of Dublin
24:
415:
281:, discovered by Czech astronomers
25:
1149:
969:
311:About 1230, his best-known work,
116:
991:
982:
960:Dictionary of National Biography
919:Russell, Jeffrey Burton (1991).
408:was the first text to introduce
1053:de Sacro Bosco, Johannes.
912:
523:
487:
1133:13th-century French scientists
1046:Treatise on the Art of Numbers
855:
837:
820:
802:
779:
761:
467:
172:identified Sacrobosco with an
13:
1:
1088:13th-century writers in Latin
789:"Joannes de Sacrobosco"
659:
604:On Ecclesiastical Computation
427:
388:
78:
74:
1093:Medieval English astronomers
460:
435:computation of Easter's date
192:claimed that he was born in
7:
1123:13th-century French writers
1108:13th-century mathematicians
1041:Tractatus de Arte Numerandi
158:, which was discredited by
10:
1154:
1103:Catholic clergy scientists
945:
832:William Blackwood and Sons
725:10.1177/002182868501600302
600:On the Reckoning of Years
48:Heavily annotated copy of
26:
1061:On the Reckoning of Years
1021:Libraries. Archived from
990:
981:
976:
814:University of St. Andrews
755:The Hindu–Arabic Numerals
277:On 14 May 2021, asteroid
207:Based on a suggestion by
1138:13th-century astronomers
1118:13th-century translators
937:– via archive.org.
923:Inventing the Flat Earth
889:"WGSBN Bulletin Archive"
810:"Johannes de Sacrobosco"
769:"Johannes de Sacrobosco"
701:"In Quest of Sacrobosco"
596:De Computo Ecclesiastico
373:("world") at that time,
142:, "holy (sacred) wood".
927:. Praeger. p. 19.
773:University of Cambridge
699:Pedersen, Olaf (1985).
248:– one already having a
230:
152:Halifax, West Yorkshire
1019:University of Oklahoma
954:"Holywood, John"
786:MĂĽller, Adolf (1910).
538:Treatise on the Sphere
520:
308:
63:Ioannes de Sacro Bosco
59:Johannes de Sacrobosco
55:
1113:Medieval orientalists
826:Veitch, John (1893),
795:Catholic Encyclopedia
572:On the Art of Numbers
516:
410:Hindu–Arabic numerals
306:
213:Holywood, County Down
47:
863:"Parish of Holywood"
497:based on the Arabic
298:Tractatus de Sphaera
237:University of Oxford
1025:on 29 December 2018
717:1985JHA....16..175P
533:Tractatus de Sphæra
518:Sphaera mundi, 1518
480:was a house of the
95:University of Paris
29:Sacrobosco (crater)
869:on 28 October 2008
546:under alt. title:
521:
503:Campanus of Novara
455:Gregorian calendar
309:
260:De Sacrobosco qui
131:de Sacrobosco
107:Gregorian calendar
93:who taught at the
56:
37:Gardens of Bomarzo
1128:Medieval Arabists
1063:] (in Dutch).
1008:
1007:
997:Distilled #6: An
934:978-0-275-93956-4
582:Hieronymus Vietor
576:Hieronymus Vietor
563:De Arte Numerandi
482:Premonstratensian
401:De Arte Numerandi
338:Gerard of Cremona
174:Augustinian canon
123:Robertus Anglicus
16:(Redirected from
1145:
1064:
1049:
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939:
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926:
916:
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904:
902:
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865:. Archived from
859:
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841:
835:
824:
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806:
800:
799:
791:
783:
777:
776:
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607:
592:De Anni Ratione
579:
549:De Sphaera Mundi
541:
507:
499:Tables of Toledo
495:Alfonsine tables
491:
485:
471:
432:
429:
383:De Sphaera Mundi
366:celestial sphere
346:Thabit ibn Qurra
279:14541 Sacrobosco
263:
188:. The historian
80:
76:
71:John of Holybush
67:John of Holywood
33:14541 Sacrobosco
21:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1143:
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1068:
1067:
1056:De Anni Ratione
1028:
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992:
977:External videos
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542:(translation) (
540:]. Ferrara.
526:
511:
510:
492:
488:
472:
468:
463:
439:De Anni Ratione
430:
424:Julian calendar
420:
417:De Anni Ratione
393:
301:
293:in his memory.
261:
233:
170:Thomas Dempster
119:
103:Julian calendar
65:, later called
61:, also written
40:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1151:
1141:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
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1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1066:
1065:
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1035:
1006:
1005:
988:
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979:
978:
971:
970:External links
968:
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965:
947:
944:
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940:
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819:
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798:. Vol. 8.
778:
760:
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711:(3): 175–221.
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586:
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474:Holywood Abbey
465:
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451:vernal equinox
419:
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268:
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250:Master of Arts
232:
229:
221:County Wicklow
178:Holywood Abbey
160:William Camden
118:
117:Place of birth
115:
54:of Sacrobosco.
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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908:
895:. 14 May 2021
894:
890:
884:
868:
864:
858:
850:
846:
845:D'Alton, John
840:
833:
829:
823:
815:
812:(biography).
811:
805:
797:
796:
790:
782:
774:
771:(biography).
770:
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669:
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651:Sphaera mundi
646:
642:
641:
635:
631:
630:
629:Sphaera mundi
624:
620:
619:
618:Sphaera mundi
613:
610:
606:]. Paris.
605:
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588:
587:
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569:
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458:
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436:
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418:
413:
411:
407:
402:
398:
395:Sacrobosco's
391:
386:
384:
381:as a sphere.
380:
376:
372:
368:
367:
361:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
332:'s (updated)
331:
327:
324:
320:
316:
315:
305:
299:
294:
292:
289:in 1997, was
288:
284:
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272:
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140:
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132:
127:
124:
114:
110:
108:
104:
98:
96:
92:
88:
87:Catholic monk
84:
81:1256), was a
72:
68:
64:
60:
53:
52:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
19:
1060:
1055:
1045:
1040:
1027:. Retrieved
1023:the original
1013:
999:
998:
958:
922:
914:
897:. Retrieved
892:
883:
871:. Retrieved
867:the original
857:
848:
839:
830:, Volume 1,
827:
822:
804:
793:
781:
763:
754:
708:
704:
650:
639:
628:
617:
603:
599:
595:
591:
571:
567:
562:
558:
547:
543:
537:
532:
524:Bibliography
517:
489:
469:
443:
438:
421:
416:
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244:
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206:
168:
163:
147:
144:Sacer Boscus
143:
134:
130:
128:
120:
111:
99:
70:
66:
62:
58:
57:
49:
41:
1083:1256 deaths
1078:1195 births
1029:24 February
1000:interactive
907:Bulletin #1
873:29 December
568:Algorithms
559:Algorismus
544:see article
431: 1235
287:Miloš Tichý
190:John Veitch
156:John Leland
148:Sacro Bosco
146:or Romance
1072:Categories
660:References
640:De sphaera
406:Algorismus
397:Algorismus
390:Algorismus
358:al-Fargani
283:Jana Tichá
262:computista
245:licentiate
209:Stanihurst
91:astronomer
51:De Sphaera
18:Sacrobosco
733:118227787
478:Nithsdale
461:Footnotes
446:Leap year
426:. In his
350:al-Biruni
323:Ptolemaic
182:Nithsdale
847:(1838).
834:, p. 341
433:book on
334:Almagest
326:universe
217:Holywood
202:Dryburgh
198:Whithorn
194:Galloway
186:Scotland
946:Sources
713:Bibcode
506:Arabic.
399:a.k.a.
354:al-Urdi
330:Ptolemy
264:Joannes
164:Halifax
83:scholar
77:1195 –
931:
899:16 May
731:
609:octavo
484:order.
356:, and
342:Toledo
139:boscus
89:, and
1059:[
1044:[
729:S2CID
598:[
566:[
536:[
379:Earth
371:mundi
291:named
176:from
136:sacer
1031:2012
929:ISBN
901:2021
875:2008
285:and
231:Life
200:and
31:and
721:doi
375:not
69:or
1074::
957:.
891:.
792:.
753:.
741:^
727:.
719:.
709:16
707:.
703:.
667:^
602:or
594:or
570:or
561:or
476:,
437:,
428:c.
360:.
352:,
348:,
328:.
211:,
204:.
180:,
162::
97:.
85:,
79:c.
75:c.
1033:.
909:)
905:(
903:.
877:.
851:.
816:.
775:.
735:.
723::
715::
611:.
552:)
317:(
73:(
39:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
