528:
1129:
681:
429:
1430:
42:
993:
1540:
845:
1673:
1112:. In successive campaigns, the Scots had lost all four of their royal ships. They would have to rely on privateers until the re-establishment of a royal fleet in the 1620s. However, as the English fleet retreated for winter, the remaining Scots ships began to pick off stragglers and unwary English merchantmen. In June 1548 the situation was transformed by the arrival of a French squadron of three warships, 16 galleys and transports carrying 6,000 men. The English lost
226:
1740:
77:
543:'s success was his ability to call on naval forces from the Islands. As a result of the expulsion of the Flemings from England in 1303, he gained the support of a major naval power in the North Sea. The development of naval power allowed Robert to successfully defeat English attempts to capture him in the Highlands and Islands and to blockade major English controlled fortresses at
1501:(1639–40) the king attempted to blockade Scotland and disrupt trade and the transport of returning troops from the continent. The king planned amphibious assaults from England on the East coast and from Ireland to the West, but they failed to materialise. Scottish privateers took a number of English prizes and the
1518:
and
Royalist forces at Dunkirk. They consisted mainly of small English warships, controlled by the Commissioners of the Navy based in London, but it always relied heavily on Scottish officers and revenues, and after 1646 the West Coast squadron became much more a Scottish force. The Scottish navy was
775:
in
Ireland, it joined up with the French and had little impact on the war. After the disaster at Flodden the Great Michael, and perhaps other ships, were sold to the French and the king's ships disappeared from royal records after 1516. Scottish naval efforts would again rely on privateering captains
725:
were largely ineffective until in 1504 the king accompanied a squadron under Wood heavily armed with artillery, which battered the MacDonald strongholds into submission. Since some of these island fortresses could only be attacked from seaward, naval historian N. A. M. Rodger has suggested this may
1585:
By 1697 the
English Royal Navy had 323 warships, while Scotland was still dependent on merchantmen and privateers. In the 1690s, two separate schemes for larger naval forces were put in motion. As usual, the larger part was played by the merchant community rather than the government. The first was
799:
judged whether a captured ship was a lawful prize and dealt with the recovery of goods. As the court was entitled to a tenth of the value of a prize, it was a profitable business for the admiral. The privateers Andrew and Robert Barton were still using their letters of reprisal of 1506 against the
780:
of 1521–26, in which
England and Scotland became involved on respective sides, the Scots had six men-of-war active attacking English and Imperial shipping and they blockaded the Humber in 1523. Although prizes were taken by Robert Barton and other captains, the naval campaign was sporadic and
468:
ships, usually with a centrally-stepped mast, but also with oars that allowed them to be rowed. Like the longship, they had a high stem and stern and were still small and light enough to be dragged across portages, but they replaced the steering board with a stern rudder from the late twelfth
3237:(1997), which provides extensive coverage in context, particularly for the Wars of Independence and the reign of James IV. The bibliography provided by Rodger is considerable, and includes works on the Early and High Medieval periods. The second volume of Rodger's history,
873:. Scotland's shipbuilding remained largely at the level of boat building and ship repairs and fell behind the Low Countries which led the way into semi-industrialised shipbuilding. Despite truces between England and Scotland there were periodic outbreaks of a
351:
in 1603 ended
Scottish conflict with England, but Scotland's involvement in England's foreign policy opened up Scottish merchantmen to attack from privateers. In 1626, a squadron of three ships were bought and equipped for protection and there were several
1509:
they established two patrol squadrons for the
Atlantic and North Sea coasts, known collectively as the "Scotch Guard". These patrols guarded against Royalist attempts to move men, money and munitions and raids on Scottish shipping, particularly from the
499:
naval power was disrupted by conflicts between the
Scandinavian kingdoms, but entered a period of resurgence in the thirteenth century when Norwegian kings began to build some of the largest ships seen in Northern European waters. These included King
1466:
of privateers. It was probably one of
Lochinvar's marque fleets that were sent to support the English Royal Navy in defending Irish waters in 1626. In 1627, the Royal Scots Navy and accompanying contingents of burgh privateers participated in the
1441:
in 1603 conflict between
Scotland and England ended, but Scotland became involved in England's foreign policy, opening up Scottish merchant shipping to attack. In the 1620s, Scotland became engaged in a naval conflict as England's ally, first
800:
Portuguese in 1561. The
Bartons operated down the east coast of Britain from Leven and the Firth of Forth, while others used the French Channel ports such as Rouen and Dieppe or the Atlantic port of Brest as bases. In 1507 Robert Barton with
448:, a long, narrow, light, wooden boat with a shallow draft hull designed for speed. This shallow draft allowed navigation in waters only 3 feet (1 m) deep and permitted beach landings, while its light weight enabled it to be carried over
760:, the largest warship of its time (1511). The latter, built at great expense at Newhaven and launched in 1511, was 240 feet (73 m) in length, weighed 1,000 tons, had 24 cannon, and was, at that time, the largest ship in
452:. Longships were also double-ended, the symmetrical bow and stern allowing the ship to reverse direction quickly without having to turn around. The longship was gradually succeeded by (in ascending order of size) the
1582:(1672–74) as an independent kingdom. A very large number of Scottish captains, at least as many as 80 and perhaps 120, took letters of marque, and privateers played a major part in the naval conflict of the wars.
412:(1672–1674), between 80 and 120 captains took Scottish letters of marque and privateers played a major part in the naval conflicts. In the 1690s, a small fleet of five ships was established by merchants for the
594:, a house for marine stores, and a workshop. King's ships were built and equipped there to be used for trade as well as war, one of which accompanied him on his expedition to the Islands in 1429. The office of
1217:
came to the throne of England in 1558, the English party and the Protestants found their positions aligned and the Protestants asked for English military support to expel the French. In 1559, English captain
1059:
declared war upon Scotland in 1544, the Scots were able to engage in a highly profitable campaign of privateering that lasted six years and the gains of which probably outweighed the losses in trade with the
384:, a "Scotch Guard" was established on the coast of Scotland of largely English ships, but with Scottish revenues and men, gradually becoming a more Scottish force. The Scottish naval forces were defeated by
476:, who acted as largely independent kings and could raise large fleets for use even against their nominal overlord the King of Scots. They succeeded in playing off the king of Scotland against the kings of
273:(1296–1328). The build-up of naval capacity continued after the establishment of Scottish independence. In the late fourteenth century, naval warfare with England was conducted largely by hired Scots,
491:. The latter took personal command of a large naval force which sailed from the Firth of Clyde and anchored off the island of Kerrera in 1249, intended to transport his army in a campaign against the
1606:
in 1698, but the venture failed and only one ship returned to Scotland. In the same period it was decided to establish a professional navy for the protection of commerce in home waters during the
524:
and winter storms forced the Norwegian fleet to return home, leaving the Scottish crown as the major power in the region and leading to the ceding of the Western Isles to Alexander in 1266.
539:'s successful campaigns in Scotland from 1296, using largely merchant ships from England, Ireland and his allies in the Islands to transport and supply his armies. Part of the reason for
574:
of 1326 recording the feudal duties of his vassals in that region to aid him with their vessels and crews. Towards the end of his reign, he supervised the building of at least one royal
1148:, small ships called 'shallops' were noted between Leith and France, passing as fishermen, but bringing munitions and money. Private merchant ships were rigged at Leith, Aberdeen and
621:
that allowed him to gain compensation for the capture of his vessels by the Portuguese by capturing ships under their colours. These letters would be repeated to his three sons John,
318:, at that time, the largest ship in Europe. Scottish ships had some success against privateers, accompanied the king on his expeditions in the islands and intervened in conflicts in
436:
By the late Middle Ages, the Kingdom of Scotland participated in two related maritime traditions. In the West was the tradition of galley warfare that had its origins in the Viking
1408:
to buy gunpowder which he shipped to Edinburgh castle. James VI sent orders from Denmark to the town of Edinburgh requesting the council hire a ship for his return. They chose the
570:
After the establishment of Scottish independence, King Robert I turned his attention to building up a Scottish naval capacity. This was largely focused on the west coast, with the
330:. Thereafter Scottish naval efforts would rely on privateering captains and hired merchantmen. Despite truces between England and Scotland, there were periodic outbreaks of a
1144:
in 1567. English and Scottish naval warfare and privateering broke out sporadically in the 1550s. When Anglo-Scottish relations deteriorated again in 1557 as part of a wider
4278:
3251:(1989) is the standard life of the king most important to the history of the Royal Scots Navy, and does not stint on naval coverage. Works such as R. Andrew McDonald,
1454:. In 1626 a squadron of three ships was bought and equipped, at a cost of at least £5,200 sterling, to guard against privateers operating out of Spanish-controlled
1096:
invasion fleet of 60 ships, 35 of them warships, supported the English advance into Scotland. The naval superiority of the English fleet was demonstrated when the
886:
The chief employment of naval power in his reign was in a series of expeditions to the Isles and France. In 1536 the king circumnavigated the Isles, embarking at
444:
that had spanned the Irish Sea. In the east, it participated in the common northern European sail-driven naval tradition. The key to the Viking success was the
1559:
during the second half of the seventeenth century. Royal Navy patrols were now found in Scottish waters even in peacetime, such as the small ship-of-the-line
516:, to the islands, where they were swelled by local allies to as many as 200 ships. Records indicate that Alexander had several large oared ships built at
3270:(1998) adds detail from published and manuscript sources to the stories of the king's voyages and gives a detailed analysis of their historical context.
1479:. In 1629 two squadrons of privateers led by Lochinvar and William Lord Alexander, sailed for Canada, taking part in the campaign that resulted in the
818:
and another ship to continue the private war, and took prizes that he claimed were Portuguese, but contained English goods. He was intercepted in the
586:. In the late fourteenth century naval warfare with England was conducted largely by hired Scots, Flemish and French merchantmen and privateers. King
883:
in 1542, called 'Our Lady Port' or 'New Haven,' described in 1544 as having three blockhouses with guns and a pier for great ships to lie in a dock.
590:(1394-1437, reigned 1406–1437), took a greater interest in naval power. After his return to Scotland in 1424, he established a shipbuilding yard at
1400:
for the use of the royal gunner James Rocknow, usually based at Edinburgh Castle. The guns were probably intended for firing salutes. The sails of
4026:
3976:
1374:
4048:
3314:
1528:
389:
710:. Scottish ships had some success against privateers, accompanied the king in his expeditions in the islands and intervened in conflicts in
4134:
3658:
527:
4273:
4021:
3819:
1412:
of Kirkcaldy, belonging to David Hucheson, and this ship was painted by James Warkman. When Captain Robert Jameson died in January 1608
1321:
hired two ships in Leith with their masters John Cockburn and William Downy and 80 men for eight days. These masters of Leith sailed to
879:
in the 1530s with at least four of a known six men-at-war were royal naval vessels on the Scottish side. James V built a new harbour at
4144:
3588:
1183:
was killed, but none of the English ships were lost. In July 1558, two Scottish warships from Aberdeen, owned by Thomas Nicholson, the
1222:
was sent north with 34 ships and dispersed and captured the Scottish and French fleets, leading to the siege of the French forces in
4078:
3598:
3105:
2000:
1710:
1653:
861:
James V entered his majority in 1524. He did not share his father's interest in developing a navy, relying on French gifts such as
1505:
planned to fit out Dutch ships with Scottish and Dutch crews to join the naval war effort. After the Covenanters allied with the
1073:
629:, who would play a major part in the Scottish naval effort into the sixteenth century. In his struggles with his nobles in 1488
4031:
3443:
1571:
1633:
in 1707, the Scottish Navy merged with that of England. The office of Lord High Admiral was subsumed within the office of the
4263:
4174:
4088:
4001:
3824:
3546:
3448:
1472:
265:. There are mentions in Medieval records of fleets commanded by Scottish kings in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. King
2221:
1468:
1128:
357:
1459:
1451:
1089:
4068:
4053:
3985:
3969:
3581:
1219:
1093:
4038:
4011:
3668:
1753:
1524:
1334:
731:
1298:, chased one of Bothwell's ships, and both ships were damaged on a submerged rock. Bothwell sent his treasure ship to
4016:
3354:
3307:
3071:
3050:
3008:
2966:
2945:
2786:
2670:
2646:
2519:
2401:
2333:
2309:
2187:
2125:
2104:
2083:
2062:
2041:
1985:
1903:
1889:
1868:
1854:
1840:
1822:
1804:
1779:
111:
1306:, where the mast of one of Bothwell's ships was shot away. Subsequently, a storm forced him to sail towards Norway.
795:
Scots privateers and pirates preyed upon shipping in the North Sea and off the Atlantic coast of France. Scotland's
4083:
3643:
3379:
3364:
3359:
3349:
1951:
1447:
1180:
1116:
in an engagement with the galley fleet and their strategic situation began to deteriorate on land and sea, and the
204:
4159:
4149:
4043:
3834:
3576:
3433:
3416:
814:
took a Portuguese vessel that was carrying Portuguese and English goods. In 1511 Andrew Barton headed south with
680:
4258:
4093:
4073:
3962:
3906:
3854:
3215:
3178:
3157:
3136:
3115:
3092:
3029:
2987:
2765:
2694:
2625:
2553:
2485:
2464:
2443:
2422:
2380:
2354:
2252:
2231:
2208:
1939:
1382:
1363:
1265:
1610:(1688–97) with France, with three purpose-built warships bought from English shipbuilders in 1696. These were
3663:
3374:
2884:
Miles Kerr-Peterson & Michael Pearce, 'James VI's English Subsidy and Danish Dowry Accounts, 1588-1596',
1725:
1429:
1056:
626:
595:
290:
270:
199:
184:
926:
to Leith with four great Scottish ships and ten French. After the death of Queen Madeleine, John Barton, in
508:, built at Bergen from 1262-3, which was 260 feet (79 m) long, of 37 rooms. In 1263 Hakon responded to
440:(sea-based lordships) of the Highlands and Islands and which stretched back before that to the sea power of
432:
A carving of a birlinn from a sixteenth-century tombstone in MacDufie's Chapel, Oronsay, as engraved in 1772
4283:
4006:
3869:
3638:
3625:
3438:
3339:
3300:
1172:
764:. It marked a shift in design as it was designed specifically to carry a main armament of heavy artillery.
121:
1433:
The Red Ensign flown on a mid-17thC Scottish merchant ship. An exhibit in the National Museum of Scotland.
1366:
with 120 musketeers or "hagbutters". In October 1589 James VI decided to sail to Norway to meet his bride
1120:(1550) marked the end of the Rough Wooing and opened up a period of French dominance of Scottish affairs.
1052:
were captured at Leith. The Scots still had two royal naval vessels and numerous smaller private vessels.
3698:
3693:
3593:
3541:
3411:
1758:
1261:
1176:
1041:
571:
428:
416:, and a professional navy of three warships was established to protect local shipping in 1696. After the
1191:, attacked an English fleet off Shetland. The Scottish sailors took cattle and other goods belonging to
974:
in the West, perhaps using the newly compiled charts from his first voyage known as Alexander Lindsay's
344:
in 1542. The chief use of naval power in his reign was a series of expeditions to the Isles and France.
3708:
3688:
3404:
2889:
2281:
1684:
1634:
1492:
1471:. The Scots also returned to the West Indies, with Lochinvar taking French prizes and establishing the
1355:
1351:
1145:
819:
777:
132:
1152:
as men-of-war, and the regent Mary of Guise claimed English prizes, one over 200 tons, for her fleet.
996:
A Scottish armed merchantman engaged in the Baltic trade is attacked by a Hanseatic ship. Detail from
285:(1394–1437, r. 1406–1437) took a greater interest in naval power, establishing a shipbuilding yard at
4253:
4232:
3568:
3551:
1720:
1257:
1227:
790:
743:
622:
598:
was probably founded in this period. It would soon become a hereditary office, in the control of the
579:
509:
91:
3911:
3806:
3766:
3723:
2927:
National Records of Scotland, Jamesone, Robert, Wills and testaments Reference CC8/8/44, pp. 250-1.
1656:, who became a commodore in 1717 took service and rose to be Admiral and commander-in-chief of the
1443:
488:
4212:
4119:
3786:
3531:
3384:
1397:
1249:
1175:. The English were repulsed by a Scottish force numbering 3000, and the English vice-admiral Sir
1159:
sailed with 11 other ships against Scotland in August 1557, landing troops and six field guns on
827:
564:
1292:, where Bothwell was negotiating with German captains to hire more ships. Kirkcaldy's flagship,
741:
for the king's ships. James IV acquired a total of 38 ships for the Royal Scots Navy, including
41:
4227:
4154:
3899:
3887:
3839:
3776:
3536:
3508:
3423:
1575:
1371:
1226:, the eventual evacuation of the French from Scotland, and a successful coup of the Protestant
911:
405:
393:
46:
657:
by five English ships in 1489 and three more heavily armed English ships off the mouth of the
4268:
4063:
3936:
3849:
3844:
3680:
1642:
1579:
1560:
1552:
1032:
under the command of John Barton, son of Robert Barton, attacked merchants and fishermen off
630:
556:
409:
377:
179:
1641:. A number of Scottish officers eventually left the Royal Navy for service in the fledgling
4217:
4109:
3882:
3796:
3556:
3523:
3518:
3389:
3344:
1715:
1245:
1208:
1061:
1009:
675:
650:
646:
610:
552:
540:
531:
Andrew Wood's flagship, The Yellow Carvel, in action, from a children's history book (1906)
512:'s designs on the Hebrides by personally leading a major fleet of forty vessels, including
492:
400:, but a fixed quota of conscripts for the English Royal Navy was levied from the sea-coast
297:
266:
3703:
992:
8:
4164:
3916:
3814:
3758:
3563:
3394:
3369:
3331:
3323:
3279:
2910:(Edinburgh, 1927), pp. 16-17, 330: Amy L. Juhala, 'Edinburgh and the Court of James VI',
1591:
1511:
1480:
1168:
915:
868:
863:
850:
839:
695:
587:
536:
369:
337:
301:
282:
250:
174:
81:
3229:
The most accessible work on the Old Scots Navy and Scots naval matters, before 1649, is
1997:
1458:
and other ships were armed in preparation for potential action. The acting High Admiral
4186:
3931:
3791:
3771:
3713:
3460:
1630:
1607:
1378:
1322:
1117:
823:
802:
483:
There are mentions in Medieval records of fleets commanded by Scottish kings including
417:
262:
254:
3954:
3107:
The Evil Necessity: British Naval Impressment in the Eighteenth-Century Atlantic World
4058:
3894:
3604:
3244:
3211:
3174:
3153:
3132:
3111:
3088:
3067:
3046:
3025:
3004:
2983:
2962:
2941:
2868:
2782:
2761:
2690:
2666:
2642:
2621:
2549:
2515:
2481:
2460:
2439:
2418:
2397:
2376:
2350:
2329:
2305:
2248:
2227:
2204:
2183:
2121:
2100:
2079:
2058:
2037:
1981:
1935:
1899:
1885:
1864:
1850:
1836:
1818:
1800:
1775:
1603:
1574:'s rebellion in 1685. Scotland went to war against the Dutch and their allies in the
1527:
in 1649–51 and after his victory the Scottish ships and crews were divided among the
975:
768:
722:
618:
599:
473:
404:. Royal Navy patrols started to extend their routes into Scottish waters, and in the
381:
327:
300:(1473–1513, r. 1488–1513) put the enterprise on a new footing, founding a harbour at
278:
1325:
to meet and convoy the English ships carrying the guns to bombard Edinburgh Castle.
830:. Barton was killed and his two ships captured and transferred to the English navy.
4191:
4139:
4124:
3877:
3829:
3781:
3648:
3493:
3483:
1590:
to found a Scottish colony in Spanish-controlled America. It was undertaken by the
1543:
Painting of a Scottish ship, perhaps part of the Darien fleet, by an unknown artist
1498:
1463:
1310:
1253:
1239:
1109:
875:
810:
for piracy. James IV managed to engineer his release, but in 1509 John Barton with
484:
420:
in 1707, these vessels and their crews were transferred to the British Royal Navy.
373:
353:
332:
4169:
4129:
3741:
3736:
3503:
3488:
3230:
2903:
2730:, trans Aikman, vol. 2 (Glasgow, 1827), 396, bk. 16, cap. 19: Raphael Holinshed,
2719:
2004:
1745:
1646:
1520:
1476:
1438:
1367:
1314:
1164:
796:
738:
603:
544:
521:
501:
385:
348:
1884:, London : HarperCollins in association with the National Maritime Museum,
1539:
1008:
During the Rough Wooing, the attempt to force a marriage between James V's heir
356:
of privateers. In 1627, the Royal Scots Navy and privateers participated in the
3731:
3633:
3478:
2911:
1567:
1555:, a fixed quota of conscripts for the Royal Navy was levied from the sea-coast
1294:
1223:
1192:
274:
1896:
The command of the ocean : a naval history of Britain, Vol. 2., 1649-1815
1230:. Scottish and English interests were re-aligned and naval conflict subsided.
1132:
English and Scottish warships decoration on John Speed's Map of Scotland, 1610
269:(1274–1329, r. 1306–1329) developed naval power to counter the English in the
4247:
4179:
3859:
3746:
3453:
3287:
1898:, London : Allen Lane in association with the National Maritime Museum,
1637:. The three vessels of the small Royal Scottish Navy were transferred to the
1587:
1318:
1069:
971:
931:
772:
752:
727:
699:
686:
465:
437:
413:
361:
314:
1450:, while simultaneously embroiled in undeclared North Sea commitments in the
844:
4114:
3399:
1882:
The safeguard of the sea : a naval history of Britain, Vol.1, 660-1649
1657:
1268:
in pursuit in August 1567. Some of their ships came from Dundee, including
1001:
997:
987:
855:
445:
219:
3943:
1404:
were decorated with red taffeta. James VI sent Robert Dog from Denmark to
1040:
in a creek on the coast of Brittany. In 1544 Edinburgh was attacked by an
694:
James IV put the naval enterprise on a new footing, founding a harbour at
441:
3615:
3428:
2146:
The Safeguard of the Sea: A Naval History of Britain. Volume One 660-1649
1965:
The Safeguard of the Sea: A Naval History of Britain. Volume One 660-1649
1548:
1502:
1214:
1137:
880:
719:
711:
706:. The upper reaches of the Forth were protected by new fortifications on
654:
583:
560:
470:
397:
365:
341:
319:
1672:
4207:
3921:
3498:
1811:
The Kingdom of the Isles : Scotland's western seabord, c.1000-1336
1772:
Robert the Bruce's Irish wars : the invasions of Ireland 1306-1329
1638:
1615:
1303:
1013:
887:
715:
707:
575:
323:
258:
3292:
1519:
easily overcome by the English fleet that accompanied the army led by
771:
the fleet consisted of 16 large and 10 smaller craft. After a raid on
225:
1847:
The wars of the Bruces : Scotland, England and Ireland 1306-1328
1506:
1359:
1299:
1141:
1017:
903:
806:
took a Portuguese ship, but was detained by the Dutch authorities at
658:
305:
3022:
The Irish and British Wars, 1637–1654: Triumph, Tragedy, and Failure
2980:
An Apprenticeship in Arms: The Origins of the British Army 1585–1702
2034:
Last of the Free: A History of the Highlands and Islands of Scotland
1405:
563:
in 1313 and 1317 and Ireland in 1315. They were also crucial in the
469:
century. The major naval power in the Highlands and Islands was the
3610:
3129:
A History Of Clan Campbell: From The Restoration To The Present Day
2097:
Gothic Kings of Britain: the Lives of 31 Medieval Rulers, 1016-1399
1483:
from the French, which was handed back after the subsequent peace.
1339:
963:
919:
899:
895:
718:. Expeditions to the Highlands to Islands to curb the power of the
548:
2436:
The Princelie Majestie: The Court of James V of Scotland 1528–1542
1602:, all built or chartered in Holland and Hamburg. It sailed to the
392:
in 1653, they were absorbed into the Commonwealth navy. After the
3926:
3470:
3263:(2002), may be helpful to expand the context provided by Rodger.
1515:
1455:
1396:, which was equipped with cannon by the Comptroller of Ordinance
1285:
1281:
748:
614:
461:
453:
449:
1875:
Skipper from Leith: the history of Robert Barton of Over Barnton
617:
by 1449. Around 1476 the Scottish merchant John Barton received
1547:
Although Scottish seamen received protection against arbitrary
1313:
in April 1573, prolonging civil war in Scotland, the guns from
1160:
1149:
1033:
967:
761:
496:
477:
457:
2908:
Extracts from the Records of the Burgh of Edinburgh: 1589-1603
2499:
Princelie Majestie: The Court of James V of Scotland 1528–1542
253:
from its origins in the Middle Ages until its merger with the
3064:
The Terror of the Seas?: Scottish Maritime Warfare, 1513–1713
3043:
The Terror of the Seas?: Scottish Maritime Warfare, 1513–1713
3001:
The Terror of the Seas?: Scottish Maritime Warfare, 1513–1713
2959:
The Terror of the Seas?: Scottish Maritime Warfare, 1513–1713
2938:
The Terror of the Seas?: Scottish Maritime Warfare, 1513–1713
2779:
The Terror of the Seas?: Scottish Maritime Warfare, 1513–1713
2687:
The Safeguard of the Sea: A Naval History of Britain 660-1649
2663:
The Terror of the Seas?: Scottish Maritime Warfare, 1513–1713
2639:
The Terror of the Seas?: Scottish Maritime Warfare, 1513-1713
2394:
The Terror of the Seas?: Scottish Maritime Warfare, 1513–1713
2326:
The Terror of the Seas?: Scottish Maritime Warfare, 1513–1713
2180:
The Terror of the Seas?: Scottish Maritime Warfare, 1513-1713
2076:
The Safeguard of the Sea: A Naval History of Britain 660-1649
1978:
The Terror of the Seas?: Scottish Maritime Warfare, 1513-1713
1932:
The Safeguard of the Sea: A Naval History of Britain 660-1649
1556:
1196:
807:
776:
and hired merchantmen during the minority of James V. In the
703:
591:
401:
309:
286:
3171:
Shaping the Stuart World, 1603–1714: The Atlantic Connection
3150:
The Terror of the Seas?: Scottish Maritime Warfare 1513–1713
3085:
The Terror of the Seas?: Scottish Maritime Warfare 1513–1713
2618:
The Terror of the Seas?: Scottish Maritime Warfare 1513–1713
2546:
The Terror of the Seas?: Scottish Maritime Warfare 1513–1713
2415:
The Terror of the Seas?: Scottish Maritime Warfare 1513–1713
2347:
The Terror of the Seas?: Scottish Maritime Warfare 1513–1713
2320:
2318:
1861:
The Terror of the Seas? Scottish Maritime Warfare, 1513-1713
1342:
hired ships for his ambassadors and other uses, and in 1588
613:(1430-1460, reigned 1437–1460) is known to have purchased a
2814:, vol. 8 (Edinburgh, 1982), pp. 66-67, no. 397: Guy, John,
1954:, Viking Ship Museum, Roskilde, retrieved 25 February 2012.
1289:
1055:
When, as a result of the series of international treaties,
891:
246:
101:
3241:(2004), offers comparatively little coverage of Scotland.
1288:. Four of Bothwell's ships in the Sound set sail north to
2315:
1347:
1199:. Sinclair claimed compensation in the Edinburgh courts.
555:
to attempt the relief that resulted at English defeat at
517:
2569:, Scottish History Society (1927), pp. 176, 180 and 186.
2271:, 44 (London: Navy Records Society, 1913–14), pp. i-xii.
653:(r. 1488-1513), defeating an English incursion into the
559:
in 1314. Scottish naval forces allowed invasions of the
3984:
2831:, vol. 1 (London, 1842), pp. 244-248: Reid, David ed.,
2166:, 44 (London: Navy Records Society, 1913-4), pp. i-xii.
1084:
were blockading Dieppe and Le Havre in April 1547 when
633:(r. 1451–88) received assistance from his two warships
396:
Scottish seamen received protection against arbitrary
2504:
1140:
from the 1540s, joining the French in the capture of
1036:. They later blockaded a London merchant ship called
930:
returned to France in 1538 to pick up the new queen,
726:
have marked the end of medieval naval warfare in the
690:, the largest ship in the world when launched in 1511
520:, but he avoided a sea battle. Defeat on land at the
31:
4279:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1707
3197:, 44 (London: Navy Records Society, 1913–14), p. 48.
2800:
Register of the Privy Council of Scotland: 1545-1569
2367:
2365:
2363:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2015:
2013:
2007:
Mallaig Heritage Centre, retrieved 25 February 2012.
1735:
1626:, each of 24 guns, generally described as frigates.
1416:
was at Ayr, unrigged and stripped of its furniture.
3142:
2750:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1918:
3193:J. Grant, "The Old Scots Navy from 1689 to 1710",
3014:
2657:
2655:
2267:J. Grant, "The Old Scots Navy from 1689 to 1710",
2162:J. Grant, "The Old Scots Navy from 1689 to 1710",
2110:
1302:, and fought a three-hour-long sea battle off the
2833:Hume of Godscroft's History of the House of Angus
2681:
2679:
2386:
2360:
2288:, vol. 13 (Edinburgh, 1891), pp. clxxxiv, 209-10.
2174:
2172:
2131:
2047:
2010:
1123:
942:. In 1538 James V embarked on the newly equipped
602:in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries and the
4245:
2888:(Woodbridge, 2020), pp. 29, 37: John Mackenzie,
2873:Correspondence of Sir Robert Waus of Barnbarroch
1915:
3131:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2004),
3077:
2760:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1991),
2758:Court, Kirk, and Community: Scotland, 1470-1625
2724:, vol. 3 part 2 (Oxford, 1822), pp. 67-9, 86-87
2652:
2567:The Scottish Correspondence of Mary of Lorraine
2514:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007),
2375:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007),
2296:
2294:
2263:
2261:
1813:, Scottish historical review monographs series
1594:, who created a fleet of five ships, including
1309:When Mary's supporters, led by Kirkcaldy, held
495:, but he died before the campaign could begin.
2676:
2169:
1392:Maitland's expenses detail the preparation of
1389:from John Gibson, described as a little ship.
3970:
3308:
1797:Shield of Empire, The Royal Navy and Scotland
649:. After the king's death Wood served his son
388:'s navy and when Scotland became part of the
2291:
2258:
1792:, London : Navy Records Society, 448 p.
1452:Danish intervention in the Thirty Years' War
1068:was captured off Dover in March 1547 by Sir
312:. He acquired a total of 38 ships including
3189:
3187:
3169:A. I. MacInnes and A. H. Williamson, eds.,
2875:, vol. 2 (Edinburgh, 1887), pp. 447, 452-3.
2304:(Edinburgh: Rowman and Littlefield, 1992),
1788:, Publications of the Navy Records Society
1328:
3977:
3963:
3315:
3301:
1424:
2982:(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006),
1774:, Stroud, Gloucestershire : Tempus,
914:to begin his courtship of his first wife
737:In 1509, timber was cut in the forest of
698:in May 1504, and two years later ordered
3195:Publications of the Navy Records Society
3184:
2269:Publications of the Navy Records Society
2164:Publications of the Navy Records Society
2158:
2156:
2154:
1538:
1428:
1127:
991:
843:
702:to construct a dockyard at the Pools of
679:
526:
427:
3322:
2886:Scottish History Society Miscellany XVI
2710:, vol. 3, part 2 (Oxford, 1822), p. 81.
4246:
3110:(University of Virginia Press, 2013),
2812:Register of the Privy Seal of Scotland
2743:John H. Ballantyne & Brian Smith,
1419:
535:English naval power was vital to King
480:and, after 1266, the king of England.
3958:
3296:
2151:
2118:Medieval Scotland: Kinship and Nation
2055:Medieval Scotland: Kinship and Nation
1849:, East Linton : Tuckwell Press,
1317:were brought to Leith in four boats.
1202:
1108:of Newcastle, without opposition off
906:with six ships including the 600 ton
867:, or captured ships like the English
3284:The Old Scots Navy from 1689 to 1710
2891:A chronicle of the kings of Scotland
2592:Calendar State Papers Foreign Edward
2203:(Cambridge University Press, 2011),
1817:, Phantassie : Tuckwell Press,
1786:The old Scots navy from 1689 to 1710
1667:
1486:
918:. After his marriage he sailed from
664:
289:and probably creating the office of
3987:Scotland in the early modern period
3282:(incomplete) of James Grant (ed.),
3208:The Jacobites and Russia, 1715-1750
2845:Accounts of the Lord High Treasurer
2835:, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 2005), p. 171.
2802:, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1877), p. 544.
1877:, University of Pennsylvania (1962)
1534:
1233:
902:. Later in the year he sailed from
13:
4274:1707 disestablishments in Scotland
3224:
2099:(Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2008),
2023:(London: Black, 1829), pp. 309-10.
1952:"Skuldelev 2 – The great longship"
1754:List of warships of the Scots Navy
1335:Anne of Denmark and contrary winds
14:
4295:
3273:
2847:, vol. 12 (Edinburgh (1970), 344.
2148:(London: Harper, 1997) pp. 74-90.
1967:(London: Harper, 1997) pp. 13-14.
962:and twelve other ships sailed to
730:, ushering in a new tradition of
567:, which led to its fall in 1318.
364:. The Scots also returned to the
308:, and a dockyard at the Pools of
281:merchantmen and privateers. King
2859:, vol. 3 (London, 1889), p. 438.
1835:, Edinburgh : John Donald,
1738:
1671:
1649:. These included the captain of
224:
75:
40:
3200:
3163:
3121:
3098:
3056:
3035:
2993:
2972:
2951:
2930:
2921:
2897:
2878:
2862:
2850:
2838:
2821:
2805:
2792:
2771:
2747:(Lerwick, 1999), p. 92 no. 129.
2737:
2713:
2700:
2631:
2610:
2597:
2585:
2572:
2559:
2538:
2525:
2491:
2470:
2449:
2428:
2407:
2339:
2274:
2237:
2214:
2193:
2089:
1381:equipped a fleet of six ships.
1280:. They encountered Bothwell in
981:
360:with a major expedition to the
138:("In My Defence God Me Defend")
2829:Letters of Mary Queen of Scots
2582:, vol. 2 part 2 (1822), 14-15.
2068:
2036:(London: Random House, 2011),
2026:
1991:
1970:
1957:
1945:
1831:, Stewart dynasty in Scotland
1266:William Murray of Tullibardine
1124:Battles on Orkney and Shetland
1042:English marine force and burnt
1:
3261:Robert the Bruce's Irish Wars
2914:& Alasdair A. MacDonald,
2816:Queen of Scots, the True Life
2745:Shetland Documents, 1195-1579
2512:Scotland Re-Formed, 1488–1587
2373:Scotland Re-Formed, 1488–1587
2021:History of Scotland, Volume 2
1764:
1726:Robert Barton of Over Barnton
784:
368:and in 1629 took part in the
185:War of the Spanish Succession
4264:Court of James V of Scotland
4135:Seventeenth-century religion
3449:Colonization of the Americas
2689:(London: Penguin UK, 2004),
2078:(London: Penguin UK, 2004),
1909:
1370:. His courtiers, led by the
1146:war between Spain and France
946:at Leith and accompanied by
606:in the seventeenth century.
7:
4187:Union with England Act 1707
3024:(London: Routledge, 2002),
2501:(Birlinn, 2005), pp. 158-9.
2201:Privateers and Privateering
1759:Royal Navy (disambiguation)
1731:
1663:
1462:organised as many as three
1383:Patrick Vans of Barnbarroch
1262:William Kirkcaldy of Grange
1256:took ship to Shetland. The
1100:was recaptured, along with
669:
358:Siege of Saint-Martin-de-Re
33:Cabhlach Rìoghail na h-Alba
10:
4300:
4145:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
3444:Economy in the Middle Ages
3405:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
2916:Sixteenth-Century Scotland
1493:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
1490:
1469:major expedition to Biscay
1332:
1237:
1206:
1136:The Scots operated in the
985:
837:
833:
788:
673:
423:
326:, but were sold after the
133:In My Defens God Me Defend
4200:
4102:
3994:
3868:
3805:
3757:
3722:
3679:
3624:
3547:Convention of the Estates
3517:
3469:
3330:
2893:(Edinburgh, 1830), p. 142
2535:(Tuckwell, 2000), p. 181.
1934:(London: Penguin, 2004),
1354:, was fitted out for Sir
1228:Lords of the Congregation
791:Andrew Barton (privateer)
218:
213:
198:
193:
180:Anglo-Dutch War (1652–54)
160:
143:
127:
117:
107:
97:
87:
70:
62:
54:
39:
30:
20:
3259:(1998), and Sean Duffy,
3253:The Kingdom of the Isles
3239:The Command of the Ocean
3235:The Safeguard of the Sea
2827:Strickland, Agnes, ed.,
2734:, vol. 5 (1808), p. 585.
2722:Ecclesiastical Memorials
2708:Ecclesiastical Memorials
2607:(Tuckwell, 2000), p. 72.
2580:Ecclesiastical Memorials
2120:(Thrupp: Sutton, 2004),
2057:(Thrupp: Sutton, 2004),
1873:Reid, William Stanford,
1635:Admiral of Great Britain
1460:John Gordon of Lochinvar
1329:James VI goes to Denmark
551:, the last forcing King
3152:(Leiden: Brill, 2010),
3087:(Leiden: Brill, 2010),
3066:(Leiden: Brill, 2010),
3045:(Leiden: Brill, 2010),
3003:(Leiden: Brill, 2010),
2961:(Leiden: Brill, 2010),
2940:(Leiden: Brill, 2010),
2781:(Leiden: Brill, 2010),
2665:(Leiden: Brill, 2010),
2641:(Leiden: Brill, 2010),
2620:(Leiden: Brill, 2010),
2548:(Leiden: Brill, 2010),
2417:(Leiden: Brill, 2010),
2396:(Leiden: Brill, 2010),
2349:(Leiden: Brill, 2010),
2328:(Leiden: Brill, 2010),
2182:(Leiden: Brill, 2010),
1980:(Leiden: Brill, 2010),
1863:, Leiden : Brill,
1784:Grant, J. (ed.) (1914)
1770:Duffy, S. (ed.) (2002)
1618:and two smaller ships,
1425:Royal and marque fleets
1250:Battle of Carberry Hill
1048:and the Scottish-built
340:built a new harbour at
147:Blue, White, & Red
3900:Court of the Lord Lyon
3257:The Wars of the Bruces
3255:(1997), Colm McNamee,
2918:(Brill, 2008), p. 349.
2857:HMC Salisbury Hatfield
2300:T. Christopher Smout,
1894:Rodger, N.A.M. (2004)
1880:Rodger, N.A.M. (1997)
1827:Macdougall, N. (1989)
1809:McDonald, R.A. (1997)
1799:, Edinburgh: Birlinn,
1580:Third Anglo-Dutch Wars
1544:
1434:
1372:Chancellor of Scotland
1133:
1104:and an English prize,
1074:Duke of Northumberland
1005:
858:
691:
532:
433:
410:Third Anglo-Dutch Wars
376:and the alliance with
47:Royal Arms of Scotland
32:
4259:Scandinavian Scotland
3537:Estates of Parliament
2594:, Longman (1861), 10.
2280:George Burnett &
2226:(Neil Wilson, 2012),
2223:The Story of Scotland
1542:
1432:
1131:
995:
847:
683:
530:
431:
3644:Early modern warfare
3375:Wars of Independence
2732:Chronicles: Scotland
2302:Scotland and the Sea
1716:Andrew Wood of Largo
1362:to pursue the rebel
1248:was captured at the
1246:Mary, Queen of Scots
1213:When the Protestant
1209:Scottish Reformation
1062:Habsburg Netherlands
1010:Mary, Queen of Scots
676:James IV of Scotland
647:Andrew Wood of Largo
493:Kingdom of the Isles
271:Wars of Independence
4284:Kingdom of Scotland
4165:Massacre of Glencoe
4160:Glorious Revolution
3434:Glorious Revolution
3395:Union of the Crowns
3370:Davidian Revolution
3324:Kingdom of Scotland
2728:History of Scotland
2726:, and G. Buchanan,
2003:10 May 2006 at the
1859:Murdoch, S. (2010)
1845:McNamee, C. (1997)
1592:Company of Scotland
1420:Seventeenth century
1169:St Magnus Cathedral
1016:'s son, the future
916:Madeleine of Valois
840:James V of Scotland
778:Habsburg-Valois war
588:James I of Scotland
578:near his palace at
251:Kingdom of Scotland
175:Anglo-Scottish Wars
92:Monarch of Scotland
3937:Saint Andrew's Day
3907:Royal coat of arms
3772:Church of Scotland
3599:Secretary of State
3589:Acts of Parliament
3461:Union with England
2798:John Hill Burton,
2480:(Tuckwell, 1998),
2459:(Tuckwell, 1998),
2247:(Tuckwell, 1997),
1998:"Highland Galleys"
1683:. You can help by
1566:, which bombarded
1545:
1525:conquered Scotland
1507:English Parliament
1435:
1323:Berwick upon Tweed
1203:Reformation crisis
1134:
1118:Treaty of Boulogne
1088:was recaptured by
1006:
970:. Then he went to
859:
824:Lord Thomas Howard
692:
533:
434:
263:Acts of Union 1707
255:Kingdom of England
58:Middle Ages – 1707
4241:
4240:
3952:
3951:
3855:Scottish baronial
3664:Lord High Admiral
3605:Regiam Majestatem
3355:Early Middle Ages
3288:Electric Scotland
3245:Norman Macdougall
3210:(Dundurn, 2002),
2869:Robert Vans-Agnew
2685:N. A. M. Rodger,
2605:The Rough Wooings
2565:A. Cameron, ed.,
2533:The Rough Wooings
2510:J. E. A. Dawson,
2438:(Birlinn, 2005),
2371:J. E. A. Dawson,
2144:N. A. M. Rodger,
2074:N. A. M. Rodger,
1963:N. A. M. Rodger,
1930:N. A. M. Rodger,
1795:Lavery, B (2010)
1701:
1700:
1604:Isthmus of Darien
1512:Irish Confederate
1487:Covenanter navies
1481:capture of Quebec
1072:, brother of the
910:, and arrived at
854:, in the English
828:Sir Edward Howard
732:artillery warfare
723:Lord of the Isles
665:Sixteenth century
619:letters of marque
600:Earls of Bothwell
596:Lord High Admiral
474:Lord of the Isles
382:English Civil War
370:capture of Quebec
291:Lord High Admiral
232:
231:
209:
200:Lord High Admiral
139:
122:Scottish Military
4291:
4254:Royal Scots Navy
4192:Jacobite risings
4125:Marian civil war
3988:
3979:
3972:
3965:
3956:
3955:
3654:Royal Scots Navy
3649:Royal Scots Army
3639:Medieval warfare
3439:Maritime history
3380:Late Middle Ages
3365:Late Middle Ages
3360:High Middle Ages
3317:
3310:
3303:
3294:
3293:
3266:Jamie Cameron's
3219:
3204:
3198:
3191:
3182:
3167:
3161:
3146:
3140:
3125:
3119:
3102:
3096:
3081:
3075:
3060:
3054:
3039:
3033:
3018:
3012:
2997:
2991:
2976:
2970:
2955:
2949:
2934:
2928:
2925:
2919:
2901:
2895:
2882:
2876:
2866:
2860:
2854:
2848:
2842:
2836:
2825:
2819:
2809:
2803:
2796:
2790:
2775:
2769:
2754:
2748:
2741:
2735:
2717:
2711:
2704:
2698:
2683:
2674:
2659:
2650:
2635:
2629:
2628:, pp. 50 and 76.
2614:
2608:
2601:
2595:
2589:
2583:
2576:
2570:
2563:
2557:
2542:
2536:
2529:
2523:
2508:
2502:
2495:
2489:
2474:
2468:
2453:
2447:
2432:
2426:
2411:
2405:
2390:
2384:
2369:
2358:
2343:
2337:
2322:
2313:
2298:
2289:
2278:
2272:
2265:
2256:
2241:
2235:
2218:
2212:
2197:
2191:
2176:
2167:
2160:
2149:
2142:
2129:
2114:
2108:
2093:
2087:
2072:
2066:
2051:
2045:
2030:
2024:
2017:
2008:
1995:
1989:
1974:
1968:
1961:
1955:
1949:
1943:
1928:
1748:
1743:
1742:
1741:
1696:
1693:
1675:
1668:
1624:Dumbarton Castle
1535:Restoration navy
1311:Edinburgh Castle
1254:Earl of Bothwell
1240:Marian Civil War
1234:Marian Civil War
1094:Edward Clinton's
1038:Antony of Bruges
876:guerre de course
769:Flodden campaign
565:siege of Berwick
485:William the Lion
408:(1665–1667) and
333:guerre de course
328:Flodden campaign
239:Royal Scots Navy
228:
207:
156:
153:
150:
137:
80:
79:
78:
44:
35:
24:Royal Scots Navy
21:Royal Scots Navy
18:
17:
4299:
4298:
4294:
4293:
4292:
4290:
4289:
4288:
4244:
4243:
4242:
4237:
4196:
4170:Seven ill years
4130:Union of Crowns
4098:
3990:
3986:
3983:
3953:
3948:
3864:
3801:
3753:
3742:Scottish people
3737:Scottish Gaelic
3718:
3675:
3620:
3594:Lord Chancellor
3542:General Council
3521:
3513:
3465:
3326:
3321:
3276:
3231:N. A. M. Rodger
3227:
3225:Further reading
3222:
3205:
3201:
3192:
3185:
3173:(Brill, 2006),
3168:
3164:
3147:
3143:
3126:
3122:
3103:
3099:
3082:
3078:
3061:
3057:
3040:
3036:
3020:J. S. Wheeler,
3019:
3015:
2998:
2994:
2978:R. B. Manning,
2977:
2973:
2956:
2952:
2935:
2931:
2926:
2922:
2904:Marguerite Wood
2902:
2898:
2883:
2879:
2867:
2863:
2855:
2851:
2843:
2839:
2826:
2822:
2810:
2806:
2797:
2793:
2776:
2772:
2755:
2751:
2742:
2738:
2718:
2714:
2705:
2701:
2684:
2677:
2660:
2653:
2636:
2632:
2615:
2611:
2602:
2598:
2590:
2586:
2577:
2573:
2564:
2560:
2543:
2539:
2530:
2526:
2509:
2505:
2496:
2492:
2475:
2471:
2454:
2450:
2433:
2429:
2412:
2408:
2391:
2387:
2370:
2361:
2344:
2340:
2323:
2316:
2299:
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2279:
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2243:N. Macdougall,
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2199:E. P. Statham,
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2116:A. Macquarrie,
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2053:A. Macquarrie,
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2005:Wayback Machine
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1746:Scotland portal
1744:
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1647:Peter the Great
1608:Nine Years' War
1537:
1521:Oliver Cromwell
1495:
1489:
1473:Scottish colony
1439:Union of Crowns
1427:
1422:
1387:Falcon of Leith
1368:Anne of Denmark
1356:William Stewart
1350:, belonging to
1337:
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1315:Stirling Castle
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870:Mary Willoughby
842:
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684:A model of the
678:
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661:the next year.
645:, commanded by
641:also known as
604:Earls of Lennox
572:Exchequer Rolls
522:Battle of Largs
502:Hakon Hakonsson
438:thalassocracies
426:
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2019:P. F. Tytler,
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1692:September 2013
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1578:(1665–67) and
1572:Earl of Argyll
1568:Carrick Castle
1536:
1533:
1491:Main article:
1488:
1485:
1477:Charles Island
1448:against France
1446:and then also
1426:
1423:
1421:
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1352:Robert Jameson
1333:Main article:
1330:
1327:
1238:Main article:
1235:
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1220:William Winter
1204:
1201:
1193:Olave Sinclair
1189:Little Swallow
1185:Meikle Swallow
1155:The re-fitted
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1082:Great Spaniard
986:Main article:
983:
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956:Little Unicorn
838:Main article:
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3459:
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3454:Darien scheme
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3127:A. Campbell,
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3104:D. Brunsman,
3101:
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3074:, pp. 204-10.
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2720:John Strype,
2716:
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2603:M, Merriman,
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2282:Aeneas Mackay
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1711:Thomas Gordon
1709:
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1704:John Bosswell
1703:
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1679:This section
1677:
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1654:Thomas Gordon
1652:
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1612:Royal William
1609:
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1588:Darien Scheme
1583:
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1499:Bishops' Wars
1494:
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1464:marque fleets
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1444:against Spain
1440:
1431:
1417:
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1407:
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1399:
1398:John Chisholm
1395:
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1258:Privy Council
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952:Great Unicorn
949:
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933:
932:Mary of Guise
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
884:
882:
878:
877:
872:
871:
866:
865:
857:
853:
852:
848:The captured
846:
841:
831:
829:
825:
821:
820:English Downs
817:
816:Jennet Purwyn
813:
809:
805:
804:
798:
792:
782:
779:
774:
773:Carrickfergus
770:
765:
763:
759:
758:Great Michael
755:
754:
750:
746:
745:
740:
735:
733:
729:
728:British Isles
724:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
700:Andrew Aytoun
697:
689:
688:
687:Great Michael
682:
677:
662:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
643:Yellow Carvel
640:
639:King's Carvel
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
607:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
568:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
529:
525:
523:
519:
515:
511:
510:Alexander III
507:
503:
498:
494:
490:
486:
481:
479:
475:
472:
467:
466:clinker-built
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
430:
421:
419:
415:
414:Darien scheme
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
374:Bishop's Wars
371:
367:
363:
362:Bay of Biscay
359:
355:
354:marque fleets
350:
345:
343:
339:
335:
334:
329:
325:
321:
317:
316:
315:Great Michael
311:
307:
303:
299:
294:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
234:Military unit
227:
223:
221:
217:
212:
206:
203:
201:
197:
192:
186:
183:
181:
178:
176:
173:
172:
169:
163:
159:
146:
142:
135:
134:
130:
126:
123:
120:
116:
113:
110:
106:
103:
100:
96:
93:
90:
86:
83:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
48:
43:
38:
34:
29:
25:
19:
16:
4269:Rough Wooing
4222:
4201:Institutions
4175:Colonisation
4150:Commonwealth
4115:Rough Wooing
4089:Witch trials
4002:Architecture
3917:Crown Jewels
3912:Royal Banner
3825:Early Modern
3807:Architecture
3724:Demographics
3653:
3603:
3582:Early Modern
3471:Royal Houses
3417:Commonwealth
3400:Jacobean era
3283:
3267:
3265:
3260:
3256:
3252:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3234:
3228:
3207:
3202:
3194:
3170:
3165:
3149:
3148:S. Murdoch,
3144:
3128:
3123:
3106:
3100:
3084:
3083:S. Murdoch,
3079:
3063:
3062:S. Murdoch,
3058:
3042:
3041:S. Murdoch,
3037:
3032:, pp. 19-21.
3021:
3016:
3000:
2999:S. Murdoch,
2995:
2979:
2974:
2958:
2957:S. Murdoch,
2953:
2937:
2936:S. Murdoch,
2932:
2923:
2915:
2907:
2899:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2872:
2864:
2856:
2852:
2844:
2840:
2832:
2828:
2823:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2799:
2794:
2778:
2777:S. Murdoch,
2773:
2757:
2756:J. Wormald,
2752:
2744:
2739:
2731:
2727:
2721:
2715:
2707:
2702:
2686:
2662:
2661:S. Murdoch,
2649:, pp. 59-62.
2638:
2637:S. Murdoch,
2633:
2617:
2616:S. Murdoch,
2612:
2604:
2599:
2591:
2587:
2579:
2574:
2566:
2561:
2545:
2544:S. Murdoch,
2540:
2532:
2527:
2511:
2506:
2498:
2493:
2477:
2476:J. Cameron,
2472:
2456:
2455:J. Cameron,
2451:
2435:
2430:
2414:
2413:S. Murdoch,
2409:
2393:
2392:S. Murdoch,
2388:
2383:, pp. 181-2.
2372:
2346:
2345:S. Murdoch,
2341:
2325:
2324:S. Murdoch,
2301:
2285:
2276:
2268:
2244:
2239:
2222:
2220:N. Tranter,
2216:
2211:, pp. 19-20.
2200:
2195:
2179:
2178:S. Murdoch,
2163:
2145:
2117:
2112:
2096:
2091:
2075:
2070:
2054:
2049:
2033:
2028:
2020:
1993:
1977:
1976:S. Murdoch,
1972:
1964:
1959:
1947:
1942:, pp. 166-7.
1931:
1895:
1881:
1874:
1860:
1846:
1832:
1828:
1814:
1810:
1796:
1789:
1785:
1771:
1689:
1685:adding to it
1680:
1658:Baltic Fleet
1650:
1643:Russian navy
1631:Act of Union
1628:
1623:
1619:
1611:
1599:
1595:
1584:
1562:
1546:
1529:Commonwealth
1496:
1436:
1413:
1409:
1401:
1394:James Royall
1393:
1391:
1386:
1364:Lord Maxwell
1344:James Royall
1343:
1338:
1308:
1304:Port of Unst
1293:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1243:
1212:
1188:
1184:
1156:
1154:
1135:
1113:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1065:
1054:
1049:
1045:
1037:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1007:
1002:Olaus Magnus
998:Carta marina
988:Rough Wooing
982:Rough Wooing
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
927:
923:
907:
894:and landing
885:
874:
869:
862:
860:
856:Anthony Roll
849:
815:
811:
801:
794:
781:indecisive.
766:
757:
751:
742:
736:
693:
685:
642:
638:
634:
608:
569:
534:
513:
505:
489:Alexander II
482:
435:
418:Act of Union
390:Commonwealth
372:. After the
346:
331:
313:
295:
242:
238:
236:
220:Civil Ensign
205:David Wemyss
167:
131:
118:Part of
23:
15:
4155:Restoration
4120:Reformation
4110:Renaissance
4027:agriculture
3616:Covenanters
3573:Government
3429:Popish Plot
3424:Restoration
3412:Interregnum
3390:Reformation
3385:Renaissance
3350:Roman times
3345:Prehistoric
3286:(1914), at
3218:, pp. 27-8.
2497:A. Thomas,
2434:T. Andrea,
2404:, pp. 81-2.
2357:, pp. 36-7.
2336:, pp. 33-4.
2086:, pp. 74-5.
2032:J. Hunter,
1614:, a 32-gun
1570:during the
1549:impressment
1503:Covenanters
1497:During the
1379:Thirlestane
1284:Sound near
1215:Elizabeth I
1138:West Indies
1020:, in 1542,
881:Burntisland
712:Scandinavia
584:River Clyde
561:Isle of Man
557:Bannockburn
456:, highland
398:impressment
394:Restoration
366:West Indies
342:Burntisland
320:Scandinavia
161:Engagements
49:(1603–1707)
4248:Categories
4228:Parliament
4069:Literature
4054:Government
4017:Demography
3922:Scots pine
3883:Union Flag
3860:Neoclassic
3815:Vernacular
3216:1862321426
3206:R. Wills,
3179:900414711X
3158:9004185682
3137:0748617906
3116:0813933528
3093:9004185682
3030:0415221315
2988:0199261490
2766:0748602763
2695:0140297243
2626:9004185682
2554:9004185682
2486:1904607780
2465:1904607780
2444:085976611X
2423:9004185682
2381:0748614559
2355:9004185682
2253:0859766632
2232:1906476683
2209:110802629X
1988:, pp. 2-3.
1940:0140297243
1765:References
1707:John Brown
1651:Royal Mary
1639:Royal Navy
1629:After the
1620:Royal Mary
1616:fifth rate
1600:St. Andrew
1563:Kingfisher
1553:Charles II
1551:thanks to
1437:After the
1207:See also:
1177:John Clere
1163:to attack
1092:. In 1547
1066:Great Lion
1046:Salamander
1030:Salamander
1014:Henry VIII
944:Salamander
928:Salamander
888:Pittenweem
864:Salamander
851:Salamander
785:Privateers
747:, and the
716:Baltic Sea
708:Inchgarvie
576:man-of-war
514:Kristsúðin
506:Kristsúðin
378:Parliament
324:Baltic Sea
259:Royal Navy
245:) was the
194:Commanders
88:Allegiance
66:1 May 1707
4049:Geography
4039:Education
4012:Childhood
3932:St Andrew
3840:Palladian
3792:Mythology
3681:Geography
3181:, p. 349.
3095:, p. 239.
3053:, p. 198.
3011:, p. 174.
2990:, p. 118.
2969:, p. 168.
2948:, p. 169.
2697:, p. 197.
2673:, p. 172.
2467:, p. 239.
2446:, p. 164.
2255:, p. 235.
2128:, p. 153.
2107:, p. 157.
2065:, p. 147.
1910:Footnotes
1596:Caledonia
1514:fleet at
1360:Carstairs
1300:Scalloway
1142:Burburuta
1110:Blackness
1057:Charles V
1018:Edward VI
904:Kirkcaldy
720:MacDonald
659:River Tay
631:James III
553:Edward II
471:MacDonald
446:long-ship
442:Dál Riata
306:Edinburgh
63:Disbanded
4064:Language
4059:Identity
3895:Heraldry
3850:Georgian
3845:Jacobean
3835:Churches
3820:Medieval
3797:Religion
3626:Military
3577:Medieval
3557:Guardian
3552:Monarchy
3519:Politics
3340:Timeline
3249:James IV
3139:, p. 44.
2789:, p. 69.
2556:, p. 50.
2522:, p. 76.
2425:, p. 39.
2312:, p. 45.
2245:James IV
2190:, p. 10.
2001:Archived
1829:James IV
1732:See also
1664:Officers
1340:James VI
1274:Primrose
1171:and the
964:Kirkwall
920:Le Havre
900:Galloway
896:Whithorn
744:Margaret
739:Darnaway
714:and the
696:Newhaven
670:James IV
651:James IV
611:James II
580:Cardross
549:Stirling
541:Robert I
537:Edward I
450:portages
322:and the
302:Newhaven
298:James IV
267:Robert I
261:per the
214:Insignia
168:See list
128:Motto(s)
82:Scotland
4084:Warfare
4079:Society
4022:Economy
3944:Unicorn
3927:Thistle
3870:Symbols
3830:Castles
3782:Cuisine
3759:Culture
3704:Palaces
3699:Islands
3694:Castles
3659:History
3564:Peerage
3494:Balliol
3484:Dunkeld
3332:History
3268:James V
2478:James V
2457:James V
1531:fleet.
1516:Wexford
1456:Dunkirk
1286:Lerwick
1282:Bressay
1181:Ormesby
1106:Anthony
1050:Unicorn
936:Moriset
934:, with
834:James V
767:In the
753:Michael
749:carrack
615:caravel
582:on the
462:lymphad
454:birlinn
424:Origins
380:in the
338:James V
304:, near
283:James I
275:Flemish
249:of the
144:Colours
71:Country
4103:Events
4044:Family
3995:Topics
3714:Shires
3709:Places
3689:Burghs
3504:Stuart
3489:Sverre
3214:
3177:
3156:
3135:
3114:
3091:
3070:
3049:
3028:
3007:
2986:
2965:
2944:
2785:
2764:
2693:
2669:
2645:
2624:
2552:
2518:
2484:
2463:
2442:
2421:
2400:
2379:
2353:
2332:
2308:
2251:
2230:
2207:
2186:
2124:
2103:
2082:
2061:
2040:
1984:
1938:
1902:
1888:
1867:
1853:
1839:
1821:
1803:
1778:
1576:Second
1557:burghs
1406:Lübeck
1385:hired
1278:Robert
1276:, and
1252:, the
1244:After
1161:Orkney
1150:Dundee
1034:Whitby
1028:, and
976:Rutter
968:Orkney
912:Dieppe
762:Europe
635:Flower
627:Robert
623:Andrew
497:Viking
478:Norway
458:galley
406:Second
402:burghs
279:French
208:(last)
155:
152:
149:
55:Active
4213:Court
4094:Women
4074:Music
4032:trade
3669:Ships
3611:Whigs
3532:Court
3499:Bruce
3479:Alpin
3280:etext
1523:that
1414:James
1410:Angel
1402:James
1270:James
1260:sent
1224:Leith
1197:Mousa
1114:Pansy
1102:Bosse
1000:, by
972:Lewis
808:Veere
704:Airth
655:Forth
637:and
609:King
592:Leith
545:Perth
310:Airth
296:King
287:Leith
26:(RSN)
4223:Navy
4208:Army
3888:list
3747:list
3522:and
3212:ISBN
3175:ISBN
3154:ISBN
3133:ISBN
3112:ISBN
3089:ISBN
3068:ISBN
3047:ISBN
3026:ISBN
3005:ISBN
2984:ISBN
2963:ISBN
2942:ISBN
2783:ISBN
2762:ISBN
2691:ISBN
2667:ISBN
2643:ISBN
2622:ISBN
2550:ISBN
2516:ISBN
2482:ISBN
2461:ISBN
2440:ISBN
2419:ISBN
2398:ISBN
2377:ISBN
2351:ISBN
2330:ISBN
2306:ISBN
2249:ISBN
2228:ISBN
2205:ISBN
2184:ISBN
2122:ISBN
2101:ISBN
2080:ISBN
2059:ISBN
2038:ISBN
1982:ISBN
1936:ISBN
1900:ISBN
1886:ISBN
1865:ISBN
1851:ISBN
1837:ISBN
1819:ISBN
1801:ISBN
1776:ISBN
1622:and
1598:and
1586:the
1561:HMS
1295:Lion
1290:Unst
1264:and
1187:and
1080:and
1026:Lion
1012:and
960:Lion
938:and
892:Fife
826:and
812:Lion
803:Lion
625:and
547:and
487:and
460:and
347:The
277:and
247:navy
241:(or
237:The
108:Role
102:Navy
98:Type
4218:Law
4007:Art
3767:Art
3524:law
1687:.
1645:of
1475:of
1377:of
1358:of
1348:Ayr
1346:of
1195:on
1179:of
966:on
922:in
898:in
890:in
822:by
756:or
518:Ayr
504:'s
257:'s
4250::
3247:,
3233:,
3186:^
2906:,
2871:,
2678:^
2654:^
2362:^
2317:^
2293:^
2284:,
2260:^
2171:^
2153:^
2133:^
2012:^
1917:^
1790:44
1660:.
1272:,
1167:,
1076:.
1064:.
1044:.
1024:,
958:,
954:,
950:,
734:.
336:.
293:.
3978:e
3971:t
3964:v
3316:e
3309:t
3302:v
3118:.
2234:.
1833:1
1815:4
1694:)
1690:(
1004:.
978:.
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