166:, where the Israelites are continuing with their conquest of the Promised Land. Joshua 11:16 states: "So Joshua took all that land: the hill country and all the Negeb and all the land of Goshen and the lowland and the Arabah and the hill country of Israel and its lowland." There is not complete consensus as to whether the Goshen mentioned in Joshua refers to the original habitation of the Jews in Egypt, due to the vast distance between Canaan and the Egyptian Goshen. The Torah also states several times that God forbids the Israelites from going back to Egypt despite their complaints to do so.
148:
Goshen is called "the best part" of the land of Egypt. But it is also implied to be somewhat set apart from the rest of Egypt, because Joseph tells his family to present themselves to the pharaoh as keepers of livestock, "in order that you may settle in the land of Goshen, because all shepherds are abhorrent to the
Egyptians." Genesis 47:11 interchanges the "land of Rameses" with Goshen: "Joseph settled his father and his brothers and granted them a holding in the land of Egypt, in the best part of the land, in the land of Rameses, as Pharaoh had instructed."
232:
253:
239:
267:
175:
147:
is facing famine and sends ten of his sons to Egypt to buy grain. Joseph, another of Jacob's sons, is a high official in Egypt and allows his father and brothers to settle in Egypt. In
Genesis 45:10, Goshen is treated as being close to Joseph, who lives at the pharaoh's court and in Genesis 47:5
380:
has opposed the identification of ʾEreṣ Gōšen with the
Qedarite territories in eastern Egypt based on claims that the Qedarites never ruled the region of the Wādī Ṭumīlāt, the discovery in the Wādī Ṭumīlāt region of Qedarite remains, such as a shrine to the goddess
52:
328:
The scholars Isaac
Rabinowitz, Israel Ephʿal, Jan Retsö, and David F. Graf identify the land of Goshen with the parts of the Qedarite kingdom of "Arabia" located to the east of the Nile Delta and around Pithom, and which became known to ancient Egyptians as
205:. Because Goshen was apparently the same region, called by the Greeks the "Arabian nome," which had its capital at Phakousa. The name represented the Egyptian Pa-qas (Brugsch, Geog., I, 298), the name of a town, with the determinative for "pouring forth".
644:
Bietak, Manfred (2015). "On the
Historicity of the Exodus: What Egyptology Today Can Contribute to Assessing the Biblical Account of the Sojourn in Egypt". In Levy, Thomas E.; Schneider, Thomas; Propp, William H. C. (eds.).
724:
874:
159:, in which Goshen as the dwelling place of the Israelites is spared the plague of flies and plague of hail that afflict the Egyptians.
826:
185:
reading "Gesem" is correct, the word, which in its Hebrew form has no known meaning, may mean "cultivated"—comparing the Arabic root
209:, while not disputing the location of Goshen, gives a different origin for the name, deriving it from "Gasmu," the rulers of the
21:
913:
894:
856:
753:
700:
681:
654:
871:
The Land that I Will Show You: Essays on the
History and Archaeology of the Ancient Near East in Honor of J. Maxwell Miller
943:
155:, continue to live in Egypt and grow numerous. The name of Goshen appears only twice in Exodus, in the narration of the
938:
514:
904:
Van Seters, John (2004). "The Joseph Story: Some Basic
Observations". In Knoppers, Gary N.; Hirsch, Antoine (eds.).
231:
88:
769:
280:
673:
310:
691:
Grabbe, Lester (2014). "Exodus and
History". In Dozeman, Thomas B.; Evans, Craig A.; Lohr, Joel N. (eds.).
786:
293:
100:
469:
458:
503:
435:
933:
886:
722:; Muhly, James D.; Pardee, Dennis; Sauer, James A.; Finney, Paul Corby; Jorgensen, John S. (eds.).
480:
412:
401:
745:
958:
953:
647:
Israel's Exodus in
Transdisciplinary Perspective: Text, Archaeology, Culture, and Geoscience
8:
948:
906:
Egypt, Israel, and the
Ancient Mediterranean World: Studies in Honor of Donald B. Redford
869:(2001). "The Geography of the Exodus". In Dearman, J. Andrew; Graham, M. Patrick (eds.).
806:
798:
710:
Graf, David F. (1997). "Palestine: Palestine in the Persian through Roman Periods". In
666:
The Ancient Arabs: Nomads on the Borders of the Fertile Crescent, 9th-5th Centuries B.C
765:"Aramaic Inscriptions of the Fifth Century B. C. E. from a North-Arab Shrine in Egypt"
302:
909:
890:
852:
810:
749:
696:
677:
650:
790:
715:
515:
https://archive.org/details/hyksosisraelitec00petr_0/page/n46/mode/1up?view=theater
309:
of Egypt, located in the eastern Delta, and known as "Gesem" or "Kesem" during the
156:
140:
92:
963:
866:
377:
217:
132:
96:
64:
882:
836:
733:
711:
206:
163:
136:
80:
927:
844:
840:
782:
741:
737:
538:
36:
23:
719:
314:
306:
202:
76:
322:
112:
828:
The Arabs in Antiquity: Their History from the Assyrians to the Umayyads
325:(the "land of Rameses"), and included both crop land and grazing land.
190:
182:
152:
108:
104:
84:
802:
764:
878:
848:
669:
213:
794:
385:, makes Van Seters's opposition to this identification untenable.
778:
210:
554:
552:
550:
548:
174:
103:), and the land from which they later left Egypt at the time of
832:
729:
382:
318:
289:
285:
143:, which comprises the final chapters of Genesis, the patriarch
120:
116:
693:
The Book of Exodus: Composition, Reception, and Interpretation
330:
545:
373:, after either the Qedarite king Gešem or after his dynasty.
216:
who occupied the eastern Delta from the 7th century BCE, but
144:
598:
596:
594:
201:, as the name appears to have been used as a toponym in the
16:
Place in Egypt given to the Hebrews by the pharaoh of Joseph
569:
567:
317:, the eastern end being the district of Succoth, which had
591:
131:
The land of Goshen is mentioned in the biblical books of
579:
564:
440:
321:
as its main town, extended north as far as the ruins of
51:
725:
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East
608:
336:
107:. It is believed to have been located in the eastern
519:
346:
620:
485:
417:
313:(672–525 BCE). It covered the western end of the
925:
352:
358:
903:
875:Journal for the Study of the Old Testament
865:
762:
614:
558:
446:
193:have suggested a connection with the name
173:
50:
55:Aerial map showing the extent of Goshen
926:
690:
663:
643:
602:
539:"www.Bibler.org - Dictionary - Goshen"
525:
491:
423:
824:
585:
573:
877:: Supplement Series. Vol. 343.
709:
626:
151:In Exodus, Jacob's descendants, the
353:
68:
13:
14:
975:
223:
265:
251:
237:
230:
162:Goshen is also mentioned in the
126:
770:Journal of Near Eastern Studies
531:
508:
497:
252:
197:used in reference to a lake in
474:
463:
452:
429:
406:
395:
305:identified Goshen as the 20th
238:
1:
636:
311:Twenty-sixth dynasty of Egypt
331:
169:
7:
787:University of Chicago Press
347:
119:, the seat of power of the
10:
980:
944:Geography of ancient Egypt
763:Rabinowitz, Isaac (1956).
337:
266:
939:Egypt in the Hebrew Bible
887:Sheffield Academic Press
388:
746:Oxford University Press
664:Ephʿal, Israel (1984).
220:thinks this unlikely.
178:
56:
376:Although the scholar
345:) and to Jews as the
177:
115:; perhaps at or near
54:
37:30.87222°N 31.47750°E
889:. pp. 255–276.
748:. pp. 222–228.
281:class=notpageimage|
189:, "to labor". Some
825:Retsö, Jan (2013).
605:, pp. 210–214.
588:, pp. 250–251.
576:, pp. 300–301.
561:, pp. 267–269.
296:) in northern Egypt
199:Papyrus Anastasi IV
33: /
179:
139:. In the story of
75:) is named in the
57:
42:30.87222; 31.47750
915:978-90-04-13844-5
896:978-0-567-35580-5
858:978-1-136-87289-1
755:978-0-195-06512-1
716:Dever, William G.
702:978-90-04-28266-7
683:978-0-685-74243-3
656:978-3-319-04767-6
971:
919:
900:
867:Van Seters, John
862:
821:
819:
817:
759:
720:Meyers, Carol L.
706:
687:
660:
630:
624:
618:
612:
606:
600:
589:
583:
577:
571:
562:
556:
543:
542:
535:
529:
523:
517:
512:
506:
501:
495:
489:
483:
478:
472:
467:
461:
456:
450:
444:
438:
433:
427:
421:
415:
410:
404:
399:
372:
369:
366:
363:
360:
356:
355:
350:
344:
343:
342:
334:
269:
268:
255:
254:
241:
240:
234:
157:Plagues of Egypt
79:as the place in
70:
48:
47:
45:
44:
43:
38:
34:
31:
30:
29:
26:
979:
978:
974:
973:
972:
970:
969:
968:
934:Book of Genesis
924:
923:
922:
916:
897:
859:
815:
813:
756:
728:. Vol. 4.
712:Meyers, Eric M.
703:
684:
657:
639:
634:
633:
625:
621:
615:Rabinowitz 1956
613:
609:
601:
592:
584:
580:
572:
565:
559:Van Seters 2001
557:
546:
537:
536:
532:
524:
520:
513:
509:
502:
498:
490:
486:
479:
475:
468:
464:
457:
453:
447:Van Seters 2004
445:
441:
434:
430:
422:
418:
411:
407:
400:
396:
391:
378:John Van Seters
370:
367:
364:
361:
357:), that is the
338:
303:Édouard Naville
299:
298:
297:
283:
277:
276:
275:
274:
270:
262:
261:
260:
256:
248:
247:
246:
242:
226:
218:John Van Seters
172:
129:
101:Genesis 45:9–10
97:Book of Genesis
41:
39:
35:
32:
27:
24:
22:
20:
19:
17:
12:
11:
5:
977:
967:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
921:
920:
914:
901:
895:
883:United Kingdom
863:
857:
837:United Kingdom
822:
795:10.1086/371302
760:
754:
734:United Kingdom
707:
701:
688:
682:
661:
655:
640:
638:
635:
632:
631:
629:, p. 223.
619:
607:
590:
578:
563:
544:
530:
518:
507:
496:
484:
473:
462:
451:
449:, p. 384.
439:
428:
416:
405:
393:
392:
390:
387:
279:
278:
272:
271:
264:
263:
258:
257:
250:
249:
244:
243:
236:
235:
229:
228:
227:
225:
224:Identification
222:
207:Donald Redford
171:
168:
164:Book of Joshua
128:
125:
61:land of Goshen
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
976:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
931:
929:
917:
911:
907:
902:
898:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
854:
850:
846:
845:United States
842:
841:New York City
838:
834:
830:
829:
823:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
783:United States
780:
776:
772:
771:
766:
761:
757:
751:
747:
743:
742:United States
739:
738:New York City
735:
731:
727:
726:
721:
717:
713:
708:
704:
698:
694:
689:
685:
679:
675:
671:
667:
662:
658:
652:
648:
642:
641:
628:
623:
616:
611:
604:
599:
597:
595:
587:
582:
575:
570:
568:
560:
555:
553:
551:
549:
541:. 2012-10-08.
540:
534:
528:, p. 22.
527:
522:
516:
511:
505:
500:
494:, p. 43.
493:
488:
482:
477:
471:
470:Genesis 47:11
466:
460:
459:Genesis 46:34
455:
448:
443:
437:
432:
426:, p. 26.
425:
420:
414:
409:
403:
398:
394:
386:
384:
379:
374:
368:Land of Gešem
354:אֶרֶץ גֹּשֶׁן
349:
341:
333:
326:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
295:
291:
287:
284:Locations of
282:
233:
221:
219:
215:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
191:Egyptologists
188:
184:
176:
167:
165:
160:
158:
154:
149:
146:
142:
138:
134:
127:Biblical text
124:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
83:given to the
82:
78:
74:
69:אֶרֶץ גֹּשֶׁן
66:
62:
53:
49:
46:
959:Wadi Tumilat
954:Torah places
905:
870:
827:
814:. Retrieved
774:
768:
723:
692:
674:Magnes Press
665:
649:. Springer.
646:
622:
610:
581:
533:
521:
510:
504:Joshua 11:16
499:
487:
476:
465:
454:
442:
436:Genesis 47:5
431:
419:
408:
397:
375:
339:
327:
315:Wadi Tumilat
300:
203:Wādī Ṭumīlāt
198:
194:
186:
180:
161:
150:
130:
77:Hebrew Bible
72:
60:
58:
18:
603:Ephʿal 1984
526:Bietak 2015
492:Grabbe 2014
424:Bietak 2015
348:ʾEreṣ Gōšen
323:Pi-Ramesses
113:lower Egypt
89:the pharaoh
73:ʾEreṣ Gōšen
40: /
949:Nile Delta
928:Categories
637:References
586:Retsö 2013
574:Retsö 2013
481:Exodus 1:7
413:Genesis 45
402:Genesis 42
340:𓎤𓊃𓅓𓏏𓊖
294:Heliopolis
183:Septuagint
153:Israelites
109:Nile Delta
105:the Exodus
28:31°28′39″E
25:30°52′20″N
908:. Brill.
879:Sheffield
849:Routledge
816:1 January
811:161559065
695:. Brill.
670:Jerusalem
627:Graf 1997
301:In 1885,
214:Qedarites
170:Etymology
292:and On (
789:: 1–9.
779:Chicago
362:
290:Raamses
259:Raamses
211:Bedouin
181:If the
133:Genesis
123:kings.
85:Hebrews
964:Avaris
912:
893:
855:
833:London
809:
803:542658
801:
752:
730:Oxford
699:
680:
653:
383:al-Lāt
319:Pithom
286:Pithom
245:Pithom
141:Joseph
137:Exodus
121:Hyksos
117:Avaris
93:Joseph
65:Hebrew
807:S2CID
799:JSTOR
777:(1).
389:Notes
187:j-š-m
145:Jacob
81:Egypt
910:ISBN
891:ISBN
853:ISBN
818:2023
750:ISBN
697:ISBN
678:ISBN
651:ISBN
359:lit.
307:nome
135:and
59:The
791:doi
332:Gsm
195:gsm
91:of
87:by
930::
885::
881:,
873:.
851:.
847::
843:,
839:;
835:,
831:.
805:.
797:.
785::
781:,
775:15
773:.
767:.
744::
740:,
736:;
732:,
718:;
714:;
676:.
672::
668:.
593:^
566:^
547:^
288:,
273:On
111:,
99:,
71:,
67::
918:.
899:.
861:.
820:.
793::
758:.
705:.
686:.
659:.
617:.
371:'
365:'
351:(
335:(
95:(
63:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
