621:
649:, could disappear under the Mediterranean. A 30 cm (12 in) rise in sea level could affect about 6.6% of the total land cover area in the Nile Delta region. At 1 m (3 ft 3 in) sea level rise, an estimated 887 thousand people could be at risk of flooding and displacement and about 100 km (40 sq mi) of vegetation, 16 km (10 sq mi) wetland, 402 km (160 sq mi) cropland, and 47 km (20 sq mi) of urban area land could be destroyed, flooding approximately 450 km (170 sq mi). Some areas of the Nile Delta's
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20:
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31:
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experiences its hottest temperatures in July and August, with a maximum average of 34 °C (93 °F). Winter temperatures normally range from 9 °C (48 °F) at nights to 19 °C (66 °F) in the daytime. With cooler temperatures and some rain, the Nile Delta region becomes quite humid during the
202:
People have lived in the Nile Delta region for thousands of years, and it has been intensively farmed for at least the last five thousand years. The delta was a major constituent of Lower Egypt, and there are many archaeological sites in and around the delta. Artifacts belonging to ancient sites have
601:
which is the wettest region in the country, has relatively moderate temperatures, with highs usually not surpassing 31 °C (88 °F) in the summer. Only 100–200 mm (4–8 in) of rain falls on the delta area during an average year, and most of this falls in the winter months. The delta
177:
In modern day, the outer edges of the delta are eroding, and some coastal lagoons have seen increasing salinity levels as their connection to the
Mediterranean Sea increases. Since the delta no longer receives an annual supply of nutrients and sediments from upstream due to the construction of the
661:
and tourist industry could be negatively affected by global warming. Food shortages resulting from climate change could lead to seven million "climate refugees" by the end of the 21st century. Nevertheless, environmental damage to the delta is not currently one of Egypt's priorities.
173:
The Nile is considered to be an "arcuate" delta (arc-shaped), as it resembles a triangle or flower when seen from above. Some scholars such as
Aristotle have written that the delta was constructed for agricultural purposes due to the drying of the region of Egypt.
122:
From north to south, the delta is approximately 160 km (100 mi) in length. From west to east, it covers some 240 km (150 mi) of coastline. The delta is sometimes divided into sections, with the Nile dividing into two main
135:, flowing into the Mediterranean at port cities with the same name. In the past, the delta had several distributaries, but these have been lost due to flood control, silting and changing relief. One such defunct distributary is
1024:
632:
Egypt's
Mediterranean coastline experiences significant loss of land to the sea, in some places amounting to 90 m (100 yd) a year. The low-lying Nile Delta area in particular is vulnerable to
1563:
653:
have been rendered saline as a result of sea level rise; farming has been abandoned in some places, while in others sand has been brought in from elsewhere to reduce the effect. In addition to
1467:
491:. The Lower Nile (North) and the Upper Nile (South) have plants that grow in abundance. The Upper Nile plant is the Egyptian lotus, and the Lower Nile plant is the Papyrus Sedge (
246:, round and oval pots with handles, flint knives, broken and burned pottery. All burials included skulls and skeletons in the bending position and were not very well-preserved.
3811:
2844:
1091:
2839:
2834:
1186:
1410:
Hasan, Emad; Khan, Sadiq
Ibrahim; Hong, Yang (2015). "Investigation of potential sea level rise impact on the Nile Delta, Egypt using digital elevation models".
2294:
437:
About 39 million people live in the Delta region. Outside of major cities, population density in the delta averages 1,000/km (2,600/sq mi) or more.
3366:
1475:
1122:
2613:
1147:
1076:
219:, colloquially known as Egypt's Atlantis. The investigations were conducted by Egyptian and European divers led by the underwater archaeologist
1497:
El Banna, Mahmoud M.; Frihy, Omran E. (2009). "Human-induced changes in the geomorphology of the northeastern coast of the Nile delta, Egypt".
1380:
590:
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103:
region. From north to south the delta is approximately 160 km (100 mi) in length. The Delta begins slightly down-river from
3690:
3218:
2700:
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3702:
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563:, two animals which were widespread in the delta during antiquity, are no longer found there. Fish found in the delta include the
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441:
is the largest city in the delta with an estimated population of more than 4.5 million. Other large cities in the delta include
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889:
211:). In July 2019 a small Greek temple, ancient granite columns, treasure-carrying ships, and bronze coins from the reign of
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3162:
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231:
620:
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3307:
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223:. They also uncovered a devastated historic temple (the city's main temple) underwater off Egypt's north coast.
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Several hundred thousand water birds winter in the delta, including the world's largest concentrations of
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35:
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3697:
3594:
3577:
3560:
3501:
3327:
3282:
3213:
3152:
3125:
2769:
2628:
2407:
2149:
1594:
700:
116:
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3533:
3443:
3405:
3400:
3388:
3287:
2979:
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645:. If the polar ice caps were to melt, much of the northern delta, including the ancient port city of
1123:"Ancient Egypt: Underwater archaeologists uncover destroyed temple in the sunken city of Heracleion"
641:. This effect is exacerbated by the lack of sediments being deposited since the construction of the
3934:
3914:
3722:
3548:
3344:
3332:
3169:
3147:
2814:
2764:
2705:
2664:
2540:
2535:
2501:
2462:
1388:
1309:, citing Central Agency for Public Mobilisation and Statistics Egypt (web), accessed 11 April 1908.
182:, the soils of the floodplains have become poorer, and large amounts of fertilizers are now used.
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3201:
3053:
3026:
3011:
3006:
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2642:
2284:
615:
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580:
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Modern
Egyptologists suggest that in the Pharaonic era there were at a time five main branches:
3995:
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3337:
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1801:
690:
624:
Population density and low elevation coastal zones. The Nile delta is especially vulnerable to
669:
as a result of the reclamation of coastal dunes and lagoons to form new agricultural land and
207:
was found in the delta in 1799 in the port city of
Rosetta (an anglicized version of the name
99:
in the east; it covers 240 km (150 mi) of the
Mediterranean coastline and is a rich
3929:
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2400:
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1957:
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in the north-east of the delta. To the north-west are three other coastal lakes or lagoons:
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2710:
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564:
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8:
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597:) as the rest of Egypt, but its northernmost part, as is the case with the rest of the
586:
1564:
Adaptationlearning.net: UN project for managing sea level rise risks in the Nile Delta
1187:"Ancient tombs and prehistoric burials found in Nile Delta - Ancient Egypt - Heritage"
497:), although it is not nearly as plentiful as it once was, and is becoming quite rare.
3971:
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2009:
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1439:
1427:
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969:
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215:, dating back to the third and fourth centuries BC, were found at the sunken city of
88:
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3783:
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3312:
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2194:
1858:
1836:
1518:
1514:
1419:
1338:
576:
488:
442:
329:
198:
Ancient branches of the Nile, showing Wadi
Tumilat, and the lakes east of the Delta
3638:
1552:
142:
3816:
3633:
3584:
3486:
3302:
3038:
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1637:
772:
493:
429:
47:
19:
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3496:
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2809:
2737:
2596:
2530:
2364:
2199:
2114:
2109:
2099:
2014:
1987:
1905:
1853:
1826:
1811:
1786:
1729:
1706:
1642:
1629:
812:
797:
638:
634:
625:
556:
513:
505:
477:
230:
working in the Kom Al-Khelgan area of the Nile Delta discovered tombs from the
227:
1423:
4053:
4042:
4024:
4011:
3848:
3836:
3831:
3511:
2601:
2164:
1930:
1925:
1915:
1887:
1791:
1329:
1162:"3,500-Year-Old Tombs Unearthed in Egypt's Nile Delta - Archaeology Magazine"
666:
406:
361:
263:
254:
220:
204:
159:
1617:
1577:
998:
934:
Zeidan, Bakenaz. (2006). The Nile Delta in a global vision. Sharm El-Sheikh.
30:
3975:
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2139:
1977:
1897:
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1806:
1744:
1431:
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847:
560:
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275:
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100:
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2159:
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2131:
2002:
1972:
1967:
1716:
1676:
1671:
842:
802:
654:
501:
454:
194:
80:
76:
3043:
2259:
2233:
2069:
2059:
2049:
1997:
1863:
1681:
1649:
752:
646:
509:
438:
308:
216:
212:
151:
92:
16:
Delta produced by the Nile River at its mouth in the
Mediterranean Sea
3882:
3354:
2329:
2249:
2119:
1796:
1781:
1759:
1014:, Kafr Hassan Dawood On-Line, with a map of early sites of the delta.
832:
822:
670:
658:
642:
521:
446:
418:
259:
235:
179:
163:
96:
1586:
965:
The
Medieval Nile: Route, Navigation, and Landscape in Islamic Egypt
2555:
2074:
2064:
1935:
1659:
1254:
The Medieval Nile: Route, navigation and landscape in Islamic Egypt
827:
817:
787:
777:
767:
548:
544:
301:
283:
128:
1025:"Mysterious temple discovered in the ruins of sunken ancient city"
1952:
1910:
1841:
1654:
857:
837:
762:
462:
410:
321:
314:
271:
243:
208:
183:
132:
1381:"Global Warming Threatens Egypt's Coastlines and the Nile Delta"
1092:"Archaeologists discover a sunken ancient settlement underwater"
665:
The delta's coastline has also undergone significant changes in
186:
in the delta can be as much as 21 m (70 ft) in depth.
2587:
2545:
2392:
2344:
2304:
2079:
1962:
1664:
1621:
1052:"Divers Find Remains of Ancient Temple in Sunken Egyptian City"
807:
782:
757:
603:
540:
484:
413:
and changing relief, while the last two still exist today. The
378:
368:
295:
239:
1121:
EDT, Katherine Hignett On 7/23/19 at 11:06 AM (23 July 2019).
2618:
2423:
2349:
1992:
852:
525:
458:
354:
289:
104:
26:
satellite photograph of the Nile Delta (shown in false color)
3031:
1942:
1764:
1318:
1050:
History, Laura Geggel 2019-07-29T10:37:58Z (29 July 2019).
536:
529:
84:
23:
1312:
405:
The first three have dried up over the centuries due to
1468:"Egypt fertile Nile Delta falls prey to climate change"
881:
The Nile: Origin, Environments, Limnology and Human Use
238:
era. The burial site contained the remains of animals,
2295:
List of countries where Arabic is an official language
968:. The American University in Cairo Press. p. 76.
508:. Other birds making their homes in the delta include
884:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 88.
1533:
67:
55:
1403:
1454:"Egypt's Nile Delta falls prey to climate change"
673:as well as the expansion of coastal urban areas.
4040:
1344:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T164158A120152171.en
676:
249:
417:, but this ended with the construction of the
91:. It is one of the world's larger deltas—from
2408:
1602:
1496:
1409:
1266:
957:
955:
154:is east of the delta and enters the coastal
61:
1146:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1075:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
961:
324:(also called the Herakleotic, Agathodaemon)
2415:
2401:
1609:
1595:
1342:
952:
535:Other animals found in the delta include
34:The Nile Delta at night as seen from the
742:Large cities located in the Nile Delta:
619:
472:
428:
328:
253:
193:
141:
29:
18:
1412:Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
1210:Hayes, W. 'Most Ancient Egypt', p. 87,
1049:
487:, parts of the Nile River are red with
270:Records from ancient times (such as by
4041:
1319:Beentje, H.J.; Lansdown, R.V. (2018).
1251:
1089:
877:
681:The Nile Delta forms part of these 10
300:the Phatnitic or Phatmetic (later the
226:In January 2019 archaeologists led by
87:River spreads out and drains into the
3441:
3252:
3075:
2916:
2435:
2396:
2340:Portuguese-speaking African countries
1616:
1590:
203:been found on the delta's coast. The
3991:
991:Man-made landforms in the Nile delta
988:
904:
274:) reported that the delta had seven
3981:
1387:. 25 September 2009. Archived from
1330:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1267:Shaw, Ian; Nicholson, Paul (1995).
1120:
278:or branches, (from east to west):
62:
51:
13:
905:Negm, Abdelazim M. (25 May 2017).
14:
4100:
3362:Role of the Egyptian Armed Forces
1529:
1474:. 28 January 2010. Archived from
993:. American Geographical Society.
962:John Cooper (30 September 2014).
609:
3990:
3980:
3970:
3961:
3960:
3219:Refugees of the Syrian civil war
2422:
1536:
115:
4079:Freshwater ecoregions of Africa
4074:Flooded grasslands and savannas
3703:Identification card controversy
1490:
1460:
1446:
1373:
1358:
1300:
1279:
1269:The Dictionary of Ancient Egypt
1260:
1245:
1232:
1219:
1213:Journal of Near Eastern Studies
1204:
1179:
1154:
1114:
878:Dumont, Henri J. (6 May 2009).
4069:Landforms of the Mediterranean
2609:Khedivate and Kingdom of Egypt
2175:Guinean Forests of West Africa
1519:10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.06.025
1090:Santos, Edwin (28 July 2019).
1083:
1043:
1017:
1005:
982:
925:
898:
871:
258:The Nile delta at the time of
1:
2917:
2190:Guinean forest-savanna mosaic
1687:Cameroonian Highlands forests
1289:. Infobase Publishing, 2009,
1287:Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt
864:
677:Governorates and large cities
424:
3236:Twin towns and sister cities
3076:
2748:Assassination of Anwar Sadat
2315:Middle East and North Africa
1772:East African montane forests
1553:"Nile Delta flooded savanna"
415:Delta used to flood annually
250:Ancient branches of the Nile
110:
7:
3764:Vehicle registration plates
3442:
3418:Water supply and sanitation
3253:
2436:
1252:Cooper, John Peter (2008).
468:
348:Alexandrian (Schedia canal)
68:
56:
10:
4105:
3423:Water resources management
613:
574:
570:
232:Second Intermediate Period
189:
3956:
3782:
3454:
3450:
3437:
3318:Impact on the environment
3308:Entrepreneurship policies
3261:
3248:
3084:
3071:
2925:
2912:
2880:
2782:
2448:
2444:
2431:
2242:
2130:
2085:Indian Ocean coastal belt
2023:
1896:
1715:
1628:
1424:10.1007/s10661-015-4868-9
313:the Bolbitine (later the
3089:Administrative divisions
2765:2011 Egyptian revolution
2706:1952 Egyptian revolution
2502:Lighthouse of Alexandria
911:. Springer. p. 36.
242:and scarabs carved from
3293:Egyptian stock exchange
2285:Guineo-Congolian region
1337:: e.T164158A120152171.
1307:City Population website
989:Holz, Robert K (1969).
616:Climate change in Egypt
599:northern coast of Egypt
581:northern coast of Egypt
4059:River deltas of Africa
3624:International rankings
2629:Egyptian–Ethiopian War
1559:. World Wildlife Fund.
1557:Terrestrial Ecoregions
629:
480:
434:
267:
199:
147:
39:
27:
4089:Eastern Mediterranean
3229:Terrorism and tourism
2687:1948 Arab–Israeli War
2519:Library of Alexandria
2227:West Sudanian savanna
2185:Lower Guinean forests
2180:Upper Guinean forests
2095:Cape Floristic Region
1958:Cataracts of the Nile
1777:Eastern Arc Mountains
1697:Congolian rainforests
1692:East Sudanian savanna
623:
614:Further information:
476:
432:
257:
234:and burials from the
197:
145:
33:
22:
3940:World Heritage Sites
3759:Units of measurement
3214:Proposed new capital
2960:Environmental issues
2721:United Arab Republic
2614:Muhammad Ali dynasty
1881:Zanzibar Archipelago
1849:Indian Ocean islands
1544:Ancient Egypt portal
1391:on 29 September 2011
1273:British Museum Press
1216:, 23 (1964), 73–114.
1012:Location of the site
565:flathead grey mullet
146:Nile River and Delta
4084:Ecoregions of Egypt
4021: /
3612:Freedom of religion
3507:Mass sexual assault
2872:Timekeeping devices
2770:2013 Rabaa massacre
2743:Egyptian–Libyan War
2300:Mediterranean Basin
2280:Greater Middle East
1817:Ethiopian Highlands
1725:African Great Lakes
1511:2009Geomo.107...72E
1166:www.archaeology.org
793:El Mahalla El Kubra
451:El Mahalla El Kubra
374:Tamiathe (Damietta)
351:Colynthin (Canopic)
4064:Landforms of Egypt
3802:Art (contemporary)
3482:Capital punishment
3372:Telecommunications
3049:Towns and villages
3017:Qattara Depression
2830:Muslim Brotherhood
2800:Cigarette industry
2660:British occupation
2571:Crusader invasions
2541:Rashidun Caliphate
2360:Sub-Saharan Africa
2265:Commonwealth realm
1874:Northern Highlands
1822:Dahlak Archipelago
1574:Keyway Bible Study
1478:on 9 February 2011
1456:. 28 January 2010.
630:
587:hot desert climate
481:
435:
433:Population density
268:
200:
148:
40:
28:
4025:30.900°N 31.117°E
4004:
4003:
3952:
3951:
3948:
3947:
3876:Football stadiums
3807:Botanical gardens
3686:Catholic dioceses
3578:Gender inequality
3502:Human trafficking
3433:
3432:
3367:Tallest buildings
3328:Military industry
3244:
3243:
3185:Political parties
3138:Islamic extremism
3126:Foreign relations
3067:
3066:
2908:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2648:French occupation
2566:Fatimid Caliphate
2561:Ikhshidid dynasty
2390:
2389:
2290:Islands of Africa
2270:Equatorial Africa
2222:Inner Niger Delta
2010:Tibesti Mountains
1869:Central Highlands
1755:Virunga Mountains
1750:Rift Valley lakes
1740:Great Rift Valley
1735:East African Rift
1702:Ouaddaï highlands
1580:on 2 August 2010.
1285:Margaret Bunson,
1238:e.g. in Ptolemy,
1102:on 17 August 2019
975:978-977-416-614-3
918:978-3-319-56124-0
891:978-1-4020-9726-3
651:agricultural land
89:Mediterranean Sea
4096:
4036:
4035:
4033:
4032:
4031:
4026:
4022:
4019:
4018:
4017:
4014:
3994:
3993:
3984:
3983:
3974:
3964:
3963:
3769:Waste management
3534:Academic grading
3452:
3451:
3439:
3438:
3411:Railway stations
3389:Cultural tourism
3288:Economic regions
3250:
3249:
3073:
3072:
2914:
2913:
2583:Mamluk Sultanate
2514:Diocese of Egypt
2497:Battle of Actium
2446:
2445:
2433:
2432:
2417:
2410:
2403:
2394:
2393:
2382:Zambezian region
2370:Sudanian savanna
2355:Southeast Africa
2335:Northeast Africa
2320:Miombo woodlands
2195:Guinea Highlands
1859:Lamu Archipelago
1837:Gulf of Tadjoura
1611:
1604:
1597:
1588:
1587:
1581:
1576:. Archived from
1570:"The Nile Delta"
1560:
1546:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1523:
1522:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1450:
1444:
1443:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1367:Nile Delta Facts
1362:
1356:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1346:
1316:
1310:
1304:
1298:
1283:
1277:
1276:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1249:
1243:
1236:
1230:
1223:
1217:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1197:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1158:
1152:
1151:
1145:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1098:. Archived from
1087:
1081:
1080:
1074:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1047:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1029:www.9news.com.au
1021:
1015:
1009:
1003:
1002:
986:
980:
979:
959:
950:
949:
948:
946:
937:, archived from
929:
923:
922:
902:
896:
895:
875:
637:associated with
585:The Delta has a
577:Climate of Egypt
443:Shubra El Kheima
344:
343:
339:
330:George of Cyprus
119:
74:
71:
65:
64:
59:
53:
38:in October 2010.
4104:
4103:
4099:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4094:
4093:
4039:
4038:
4029:
4027:
4023:
4020:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4008:
4007:
4005:
4000:
3944:
3935:Public holidays
3925:National anthem
3778:
3691:Coptic Churches
3634:Egyptian Arabic
3544:Medical schools
3446:
3429:
3345:Nuclear program
3257:
3240:
3170:Nationality law
3163:Supreme Council
3148:Law enforcement
3080:
3063:
3039:Sinai Peninsula
3022:Red Sea Riviera
2921:
2900:
2876:
2778:
2665:1919 revolution
2653:Revolt of Cairo
2578:Ayyubid dynasty
2556:Tulunid dynasty
2440:
2427:
2421:
2391:
2386:
2377:Tropical Africa
2238:
2126:
2105:Kalahari Desert
2090:Albany thickets
2055:Succulent Karoo
2019:
1921:Atlas Mountains
1892:
1711:
1624:
1615:
1568:
1551:
1542:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1527:
1526:
1495:
1491:
1481:
1479:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1408:
1404:
1394:
1392:
1379:
1378:
1374:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1349:
1347:
1323:Cyperus papyrus
1317:
1313:
1305:
1301:
1284:
1280:
1265:
1261:
1250:
1246:
1237:
1233:
1229:Alexander 1.31.
1224:
1220:
1209:
1205:
1195:
1193:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1170:
1168:
1160:
1159:
1155:
1139:
1138:
1131:
1129:
1119:
1115:
1105:
1103:
1088:
1084:
1068:
1067:
1060:
1058:
1056:livescience.com
1048:
1044:
1034:
1032:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1010:
1006:
987:
983:
976:
960:
953:
944:
942:
941:on 10 July 2020
931:
930:
926:
919:
903:
899:
892:
876:
872:
867:
862:
740:
679:
618:
612:
583:
573:
557:Nile crocodiles
514:Kentish plovers
506:whiskered terns
494:Cyperus papyrus
471:
427:
345:
341:
337:
335:
334:
262:, according to
252:
192:
113:
95:in the west to
72:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4102:
4092:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4030:30.900; 31.117
4002:
4001:
3999:
3998:
3988:
3978:
3968:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3950:
3949:
3946:
3945:
3943:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3911:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3885:
3880:
3879:
3878:
3873:
3871:Football clubs
3863:
3862:
3861:
3856:
3846:
3841:
3840:
3839:
3834:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3788:
3786:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3750:
3749:
3744:
3743:
3742:
3732:
3731:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3694:
3693:
3688:
3678:
3673:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3647:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3626:
3621:
3620:
3619:
3614:
3604:
3599:
3598:
3597:
3592:
3582:
3581:
3580:
3570:
3569:
3568:
3558:
3557:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3515:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3467:Animal welfare
3464:
3458:
3456:
3448:
3447:
3435:
3434:
3431:
3430:
3428:
3427:
3426:
3425:
3415:
3414:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3393:
3392:
3391:
3381:
3380:
3379:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3358:
3357:
3350:Power stations
3347:
3342:
3341:
3340:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3298:Egyptian pound
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3279:
3278:
3268:
3262:
3259:
3258:
3246:
3245:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3238:
3233:
3232:
3231:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3210:
3209:
3202:Prime Minister
3199:
3198:
3197:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3166:
3165:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3134:
3133:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3097:
3096:
3085:
3082:
3081:
3069:
3068:
3065:
3064:
3062:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3035:
3034:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3007:Northern coast
3004:
2999:
2998:
2997:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2926:
2923:
2922:
2910:
2909:
2906:
2905:
2902:
2901:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2882:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2848:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2786:
2784:
2780:
2779:
2777:
2776:
2775:
2774:
2773:
2772:
2767:
2757:
2752:
2751:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2738:Yom Kippur War
2730:
2729:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2693:
2692:
2691:
2690:
2689:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2668:
2667:
2657:
2656:
2655:
2640:
2639:
2638:
2637:
2636:
2631:
2621:
2616:
2606:
2605:
2604:
2594:
2593:
2592:
2591:
2590:
2580:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2533:
2528:
2527:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2506:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2489:
2488:
2487:
2482:
2472:
2471:
2470:
2460:
2454:
2452:
2442:
2441:
2429:
2428:
2420:
2419:
2412:
2405:
2397:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2373:
2372:
2365:Sudan (region)
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2246:
2244:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2236:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2209:
2208:
2207:
2202:
2200:Gulf of Guinea
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2136:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2115:Cape Peninsula
2112:
2110:Okavango Delta
2107:
2102:
2100:Skeleton Coast
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2046:
2045:
2040:
2029:
2027:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2017:
2015:Western Sahara
2012:
2007:
2006:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1988:Nuba Mountains
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1940:
1939:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1908:
1906:Eastern Desert
1902:
1900:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1890:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1871:
1861:
1856:
1854:Comoro Islands
1846:
1845:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1827:Hanish Islands
1824:
1819:
1814:
1812:Danakil Desert
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1787:Horn of Africa
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1768:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1730:Albertine Rift
1721:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1709:
1707:Ennedi Plateau
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1668:
1667:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1643:Gulf of Guinea
1634:
1632:
1626:
1625:
1614:
1613:
1606:
1599:
1591:
1583:
1582:
1566:
1561:
1548:
1547:
1531:
1530:External links
1528:
1525:
1524:
1489:
1459:
1445:
1402:
1372:
1357:
1311:
1299:
1278:
1259:
1244:
1231:
1218:
1203:
1178:
1153:
1113:
1082:
1042:
1031:. 26 July 2019
1016:
1004:
981:
974:
951:
924:
917:
908:The Nile Delta
897:
890:
869:
868:
866:
863:
861:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
813:Mit Abu El Kom
810:
805:
800:
798:Kafr El Sheikh
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
744:
739:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
701:Kafr el Sheikh
698:
693:
687:
678:
675:
657:, the delta's
639:global warming
635:sea level rise
626:sea level rise
611:
610:Sea level rise
608:
572:
569:
478:Whiskered tern
470:
467:
426:
423:
403:
402:
399:
396:
393:
392:the Sebennytic
390:
383:
382:
375:
372:
365:
358:
352:
349:
333:
327:
326:
325:
318:
311:
305:
298:
292:
286:
276:distributaries
251:
248:
228:Mostafa Waziri
191:
188:
125:distributaries
112:
109:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4101:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4046:
4044:
4037:
4034:
3997:
3989:
3987:
3979:
3977:
3973:
3969:
3967:
3959:
3958:
3955:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3890:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3868:
3867:
3864:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3851:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3829:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3797:Art (ancient)
3795:
3793:
3790:
3789:
3787:
3785:
3781:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3748:
3745:
3741:
3738:
3737:
3736:
3733:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3715:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3676:Blasphemy law
3674:
3672:
3669:
3668:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3645:
3644:Sign Language
3642:
3640:
3639:Saʽidi Arabic
3637:
3635:
3632:
3631:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3609:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3587:
3586:
3583:
3579:
3576:
3575:
3574:
3571:
3567:
3564:
3563:
3562:
3559:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3531:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3499:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3459:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3440:
3436:
3424:
3421:
3420:
3419:
3416:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3398:
3397:
3394:
3390:
3387:
3386:
3385:
3382:
3378:
3375:
3374:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3356:
3353:
3352:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3339:
3336:
3335:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3277:
3276:National Bank
3274:
3273:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3260:
3256:
3251:
3247:
3237:
3234:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3203:
3200:
3196:
3193:
3192:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3132:
3129:
3128:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3083:
3079:
3074:
3070:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3033:
3030:
3029:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2996:
2993:
2992:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2927:
2924:
2920:
2915:
2911:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2879:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2781:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2734:
2731:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2703:
2702:
2699:
2698:
2697:
2694:
2688:
2685:
2684:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2666:
2663:
2662:
2661:
2658:
2654:
2651:
2650:
2649:
2646:
2645:
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264:James Rennell
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221:Franck Goddio
218:
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205:Rosetta Stone
196:
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160:Lake Burullus
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21:
4006:
3822:Coat of arms
3792:Architecture
3681:Christianity
3661:Prostitution
3607:Human rights
3566:Abaza family
3554:Universities
3519:Demographics
3472:Billionaires
3116:Constitution
3111:Conscription
3094:Governorates
3001:
2975:Halfaya Pass
2845:1954–present
2805:Constitution
2760:2010s Crisis
2672:World War II
2634:Urabi revolt
2551:Islamization
2485:31st Dynasty
2480:27th Dynasty
2325:Mittelafrika
2275:Françafrique
2140:Pepper Coast
1982:
1978:Middle Egypt
1947:
1832:Gulf of Aden
1807:Danakil Alps
1745:Gregory Rift
1584:
1578:the original
1573:
1556:
1505:(1): 72–78.
1502:
1498:
1492:
1480:. Retrieved
1476:the original
1471:
1462:
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1393:. Retrieved
1389:the original
1384:
1375:
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1360:
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1334:
1328:
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1268:
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1253:
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1227:Callisthenes
1221:
1211:
1206:
1196:11 September
1194:. Retrieved
1191:Ahram Online
1190:
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1171:11 September
1169:. Retrieved
1165:
1156:
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1126:
1116:
1104:. Retrieved
1100:the original
1095:
1085:
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1055:
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1028:
1019:
1007:
990:
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943:, retrieved
939:the original
933:
927:
907:
900:
880:
873:
741:
683:governorates
680:
664:
631:
594:
584:
561:hippopotamus
553:Nile monitor
534:
502:little gulls
499:
492:
482:
436:
404:
398:the Damietta
389:the Pelusiac
384:
269:
225:
201:
176:
172:
168:Lake Mariout
156:Lake Manzala
149:
137:Wadi Tumilat
121:
114:
101:agricultural
57:Delta an-Nīl
43:
41:
4028: /
3986:WikiProject
3747:Scientology
3617:LGBT rights
3539:Law schools
3323:Lighthouses
3266:Agriculture
2995:Mount Sinai
2955:Earthquakes
2755:Mubarak era
2726:Six-Day War
2716:Suez Crisis
2711:Land reform
2458:Prehistoric
2310:Middle East
2255:Afromontane
2217:Niger Delta
2212:Niger Basin
2205:Dahomey Gap
2160:Cape Palmas
2155:Ivory Coast
2150:Slave Coast
2003:Upper Egypt
1973:Lower Nubia
1968:Lower Egypt
1943:Nile Valley
1677:Congo Basin
1672:Pool Malebo
1418:(10): 649.
1350:11 November
803:Leontopolis
655:agriculture
567:and soles.
510:grey herons
401:the Rosetta
395:the Canopic
367:Chasmatos (
81:Lower Egypt
4049:Nile Delta
4043:Categories
3898:Newspapers
3888:Mass media
3740:Synagogues
3708:Irreligion
3656:Literature
3651:Liberalism
3590:Healthcare
3492:Corruption
3175:Parliament
3106:Corruption
3101:Civil Code
3044:Suez Canal
3002:Nile Delta
2887:Alexandria
2857:Population
2852:Parliament
2820:Healthcare
2701:Nasser era
2475:Achaemenid
2450:Chronology
2260:Arab world
2234:Yorubaland
2145:Gold Coast
2070:Maputaland
2060:Nama Karoo
2050:Thembuland
1998:The Sudans
1983:Nile Delta
1948:Nile Delta
1864:Madagascar
1682:Chad Basin
1650:Cape Lopez
1472:Egypt News
1295:1438109970
1271:. London:
1096:Nosy Media
865:References
753:Alexandria
691:Alexandria
671:fish farms
659:ecosystems
647:Alexandria
575:See also:
551:, and the
522:cormorants
439:Alexandria
425:Population
360:Parollos (
309:Sebennytic
217:Heracleion
213:Ptolemy II
152:Suez Canal
93:Alexandria
83:where the
79:formed in
60:or simply
52:دلتا النيل
44:Nile Delta
3893:Magazines
3883:Egyptians
3718:Ahmadiyya
3629:Languages
3595:Hospitals
3529:Education
3396:Transport
3355:Aswan Dam
3283:Companies
3224:Terrorism
3190:President
3153:Massacres
3143:Judiciary
3121:Elections
2990:Mountains
2919:Geography
2897:Port Said
2840:1939–1954
2835:1928–1938
2790:Anarchism
2733:Sadat era
2677:Sultanate
2624:Khedivate
2524:Christian
2492:Ptolemaic
2330:Negroland
2250:Aethiopia
2120:False Bay
1797:Al-Habash
1782:Serengeti
1760:Kavirondo
1482:22 August
1440:207139887
1395:22 August
1240:Geography
1132:17 August
1106:17 August
1061:17 August
1035:17 August
833:Port Said
823:Naucratis
736:Port Said
731:Sharqiyah
716:Qalyubiya
643:Aswan Dam
549:mongooses
545:tortoises
518:shovelers
447:Port Said
419:Aswan Dam
357:(Rosetta)
296:Mendesian
260:Herodotus
236:Naqada II
180:Aswan Dam
164:Lake Idku
111:Geography
97:Port Said
3966:Category
3930:Olympics
3866:Football
3698:Hinduism
3666:Religion
3573:Feminism
3561:Families
3524:Diaspora
3487:Censuses
3477:Cannabis
3462:Abortion
3406:Airports
3401:Airlines
3377:Internet
3180:Passport
3158:Military
3131:Missions
3078:Politics
3059:Wildlife
2783:By topic
2696:Republic
2531:Sassanid
2075:Highveld
2065:Bushveld
2033:Rhodesia
1936:Ifriqiya
1802:Barbaria
1660:Igboland
1432:26410824
1385:EcoWorld
1297:, p. 98.
1225:e.g. at
1142:cite web
1127:Newsweek
1071:cite web
999:38826202
828:Pelusium
818:Mansoura
788:Damietta
778:Damanhur
768:Bubastis
726:Damietta
721:Dakahlia
711:Minufiya
706:Gharbiya
606:months.
469:Wildlife
377:Tenese (
362:Burullus
302:Damietta
284:Pelusiac
131:and the
129:Damietta
69:ad-Delta
4013:30°54′N
3996:Commons
3915:Museums
3859:regions
3827:Cuisine
3812:Castles
3784:Culture
3754:Smoking
3735:Judaism
3723:Mosques
3602:Housing
3549:Schools
3455:General
3444:Society
3384:Tourism
3313:Fishing
3271:Banking
3255:Economy
2980:Islands
2970:Geology
2965:Fossils
2950:Deserts
2945:Climate
2935:Borders
2881:By city
2867:Saladin
2815:Genetic
2795:Capital
2682:Kingdom
2597:Ottoman
2463:Ancient
2438:History
1953:Bashmur
1911:Maghreb
1842:Red Sea
1655:Mayombe
1630:Central
1618:Regions
1507:Bibcode
945:10 July
858:Zagazig
838:Rosetta
773:Canopus
763:Bilbeis
696:Beheira
571:Climate
541:turtles
483:During
463:Zagazig
455:Mansura
411:silting
322:Canopic
315:Rosetta
290:Tanitic
272:Ptolemy
244:faience
240:amulets
190:History
184:Topsoil
133:Rosetta
75:is the
4016:31°7′E
3976:Portal
3817:Cinema
3671:Baháʼí
3585:Health
3333:Mining
3303:Energy
3027:Rivers
2940:Cities
2862:Postal
2643:Modern
2588:Mamluk
2546:Fustat
2536:Muslim
2468:topics
2426:topics
2345:Sahara
2305:MENASA
2080:Fynbos
1963:Darfur
1665:Mbaise
1622:Africa
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808:Mendes
783:Desouk
758:Avaris
748:Abusir
604:winter
591:Köppen
530:ibises
526:egrets
485:autumn
461:, and
379:Tinnis
369:Baltim
336:": -->
266:(1800)
209:Rashid
127:, the
63:الدلتا
48:Arabic
3920:Music
3903:Radio
3844:Films
3774:Women
3728:Niqāb
3713:Islam
3497:Crime
3338:Mines
3054:Wadis
3012:Oases
2985:Lakes
2930:Biota
2892:Cairo
2810:Copts
2619:Nahda
2509:Roman
2424:Egypt
2350:Sahel
2043:South
2038:North
2025:South
1993:Nubia
1898:North
1436:S2CID
853:Tanta
848:Tanis
537:frogs
459:Tanta
105:Cairo
77:delta
4054:Nile
3854:list
3849:Flag
3837:Wine
3832:Beer
3512:Rape
3207:list
3195:list
3032:Nile
2825:Jews
2132:West
1765:Zanj
1717:East
1484:2019
1428:PMID
1397:2019
1352:2021
1335:2018
1291:ISBN
1198:2020
1173:2020
1148:link
1134:2019
1108:2019
1077:link
1063:2019
1037:2019
995:OCLC
970:ISBN
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