294:
1587:
1573:
274:
1883:
569:
In 1947 the MRC agreed to make a research unit for the Study of the
Molecular Structure of Biological Systems. The original studies were on the structure of sheep haemoglobin, but when this work had progressed as far as was possible using the resources then available, Kendrew embarked on the study of
51:
520:
598:— comparison of patterns from several crystals; one from the native protein, and others that had been soaked in solutions of heavy metals and had metal ions introduced in different well-defined positions. An electron density map at 6
622:. He became Fellow of the American Society of Biological Chemists in 1967 and honorary member of the International Academy of Science, Munich. In 1974, he succeeded in persuading governments to establish the
656:
Kendrew was married to the former
Elizabeth Jarvie (née Gorvin) from 1948 to 1956. Their marriage ended in divorce. Kendrew was subsequently partners with the artist Ruth Harris. He left no survivors.
3398:
649:, a post he held from 1981 to 1987. In his will, he designated his bequest to St John's College for studentships in science and in music, for students from developing countries. The
1006:
Watson, HC; Kendrew, JC (May 1961). "The amino-acid sequence of sperm whale myoglobin. Comparison between the amino-acid sequences of sperm whale myoglobin and of human hæmoglobin".
3338:
3328:
456:
on 17 September 1941, he was appointed an honorary wing commander on 8 June 1944, and relinquished his commission on 5 June 1945. He was awarded his PhD after the war in 1949.
953:
Kendrew, JC; Watson, HC; Strandberg, BE; Dickerson, RE; Phillips, DC; Shore, VC (May 1961). "The amino-acid sequence x-ray methods, and its correlation with chemical data".
871:
Kendrew, JC; Bodo, G; Dintzis, HM; Parrish, RG; Wyckoff, H; Phillips, DC (March 1958). "A three-dimensional model of the myoglobin molecule obtained by x-ray analysis".
488:, a respiratory physiologist, suggested he might make a comparative protein crystallographic study of adult and fetal sheep haemoglobin, and he started that work.
3368:
3283:
1430:
Kendrew, JC; Dickerson, RE; Strandberg, BE; et al. (February 1960). "Structure of myoglobin: A three-dimensional
Fourier synthesis at 2 A. resolution".
586:
from Peru. Whale myoglobin did give large crystals with clean X-ray diffraction patterns. However, the problem still remained insurmountable, until in 1953
1246:
3363:
3393:
3050:
1650:
3353:
3278:
1395:
349:
36:
818:
Ingram, DJ; Kendrew, JC (October 1956). "Orientation of the haem group in myoglobin and its relation to the polypeptide chain direction".
3348:
1365:
X-ray studies of certain crystalline proteins : the crystal structure of foetal and adult sheep haemoglobins and of horse myoglobin
202:
X-ray studies of certain crystalline proteins : the crystal structure of foetal and adult sheep haemoglobins and of horse myoglobin
635:
1504:
3403:
3388:
464:
During the war years, he became increasingly interested in biochemical problems, and decided to work on the structure of proteins.
1543:
499:(MRC) agreed to create a research unit for the study of the molecular structure of biological systems, under the direction of Sir
3378:
615:
3043:
1643:
578:
heart, but the crystals thus obtained were too small for X-ray analysis. Kendrew realized that the oxygen-conserving tissue of
3343:
3318:
3303:
3156:
1537:
1150:
623:
1659:
548:
523:
John
Kendrew with model of myoglobin in progress. Copyright by the Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, England.
180:
3288:
606:) resolution was obtained by 1957, and by 1959 an atomic model could be built at 2 angstrom (0.2 nm) resolution.
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3036:
2154:
1636:
1582:
1554:
444:
doing research on reaction kinetics, and then became a member of the Air
Ministry Research Establishment, working on
321:
3313:
3308:
595:
1481:
3358:
1679:
1292:"Clifton College Register" Muirhead, J.A.O. p462: Bristol; J.W Arrowsmith for Old Cliftonian Society; April, 1948
3383:
3323:
3298:
3098:
2290:
765:
Kendrew, JC; Parris, RG (January 1955). "Imidazole complexes of myoglobin and the position of the haem group".
2928:
2860:
496:
3373:
1610:
712:
Kendrew, JC; Parrish, RG; Marrack, JR; Orlans, ES (November 1954). "The species specificity of myoglobin".
642:
619:
3293:
574:, a molecule only a quarter the size of the haemoglobin molecule. His initial source of raw material was
353:
40:
1978:
433:
1578:
3333:
3094:
2091:
1787:
143:
634:, and from 1974 to 1988 he was successively Secretary General, Vice-President, and President of the
630:
and became its first director. He was knighted in 1974. From 1974 to 1979, he was a
Trustee of the
417:
3069:
2696:
2186:
2083:
1663:
1620:
1363:
1176:
369:
1342:
1322:
3191:
2585:
2477:
2067:
1871:
1771:
669:
437:
116:
20:
3137:
2968:
2956:
2944:
1927:
405:
401:
1795:
2338:
2270:
1907:
1848:
1217:
544:
492:
184:
2214:
1982:
1628:
1377:
1302:
1198:
582:
could offer a better prospect, and a chance encounter led to his acquiring a large chunk of
201:
3273:
3268:
3000:
2704:
2497:
2346:
2322:
2079:
2022:
1439:
1068:
1015:
962:
880:
827:
774:
721:
646:
477:
440:
in 1936, as a Major
Scholar, graduating in chemistry in 1939. He spent the early months of
413:
377:
1270:
653:
at St John's
College in Oxford, officially opened on 16 October 2010, is named after him.
8:
2904:
2641:
2609:
2521:
2485:
2178:
1586:
1572:
1443:
1072:
1019:
966:
884:
831:
778:
725:
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2880:
2804:
2760:
2732:
2593:
2529:
2358:
2354:
2278:
2162:
1463:
1347:
1327:
1307:
1178:
Investigations of biological structures by X-ray methods : the structure of muscle
1047:
994:
912:
859:
806:
753:
1080:
1059:
Kendrew, JC (December 1961). "The three-dimensional structure of a protein molecule".
3118:
2772:
2740:
2573:
2557:
2413:
2198:
1947:
1735:
1550:
1533:
1455:
1275:
1186:
1146:
1129:
1121:
1117:
1092:
1084:
1039:
1031:
986:
978:
941:
933:
904:
896:
851:
843:
798:
790:
745:
737:
700:
692:
504:
1532:
John Finch; 'A Nobel Fellow on Every Floor', Medical
Research Council 2008, 381 pp,
998:
863:
810:
2996:
2992:
2920:
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2677:
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2441:
2421:
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2190:
2142:
2051:
1899:
1711:
1695:
1603:
1467:
1447:
1403:
1265:
1255:
1113:
1076:
1051:
1023:
970:
924:
Kendrew, JC (July 1959). "Structure and function in myoglobin and other proteins".
916:
888:
835:
782:
757:
729:
665:
332:
2720:
3176:
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2972:
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2892:
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2788:
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2601:
2517:
2378:
2262:
2107:
2075:
2018:
1955:
1840:
1767:
1743:
485:
453:
449:
425:
365:
299:
247:
188:
170:
106:
2700:
3107:
3008:
2940:
2936:
2856:
2796:
2792:
2669:
2637:
2537:
2513:
2453:
2437:
2405:
2374:
2342:
2138:
1998:
1832:
1727:
1703:
1242:"Sir John Cowdery Kendrew. 24 March 1917 - 23 August 1997: Elected F.R.S. 1960"
631:
579:
563:
500:
317:
279:
1408:
3262:
3164:
3126:
3028:
3016:
3012:
2984:
2960:
2924:
2888:
2864:
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2836:
2744:
2716:
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2545:
2449:
2294:
2286:
2230:
2222:
2170:
2150:
2099:
1923:
1915:
1779:
1719:
1190:
1125:
1088:
1035:
982:
937:
900:
847:
794:
741:
696:
591:
421:
234:
1540:; this book is all about the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge.
3170:
2824:
2780:
2764:
2712:
2661:
2605:
2533:
2505:
2489:
2425:
2310:
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2250:
2010:
1935:
1751:
1687:
1459:
1279:
1260:
1241:
1133:
1096:
1043:
990:
945:
908:
855:
802:
749:
704:
441:
1567:
3060:
2912:
2896:
2876:
2872:
2649:
2621:
2617:
2581:
2549:
2501:
2469:
2002:
1990:
1970:
1856:
1817:
1759:
528:
409:
229:
149:
3145:
3077:
2812:
2748:
2728:
2653:
2461:
2366:
2314:
2238:
2119:
2115:
1943:
627:
587:
583:
536:
473:
373:
361:
216:
2433:
2059:
1451:
1027:
974:
892:
839:
786:
733:
603:
571:
556:
552:
532:
481:
94:
50:
618:; as well, he founded and was for many years editor-in-chief of the
599:
519:
503:. In 1954 he became a Reader at the Davy-Faraday Laboratory of the
1104:
Kendrew, JC (October 1962). "The structure of globular proteins".
540:
429:
385:
358:
130:
952:
560:
508:
397:
195:
75:
1658:
1373:
1194:
575:
445:
641:
After his retirement from EMBL, Kendrew became
President of
3399:
Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve personnel of World War II
711:
594:
in analysis of the diffraction patterns could be solved by
448:. In 1940 he became engaged in operational research at the
381:
126:
1429:
1505:"John C. Kendrew Dies at 80; Biochemist Won Nobel in '62"
870:
1143:
The thread of life: an introduction to molecular biology
3339:
Members of the European Molecular Biology Organization
3329:
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
368:, and science administrator. Kendrew shared the 1962
1396:"Structural biology: How proteins got their close-up"
1544:
Oxford University Press, page on Paul M. Wassarman,
1247:
Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society
662:
A Place in History: The Biography of John C. Kendrew
614:In 1963, Kendrew became one of the founders of the
555:. Kendrew determined the structure of the protein
514:
420:, art historian. After preparatory school at the
3260:
683:Kendrew, JC (April 1949). "Foetal haemoglobin".
19:For the Industrial Revolution-era designer, see
539:for determining the first atomic structures of
3058:
1502:
357:(24 March 1917 – 23 August 1997) was an
3369:Presidents of the British Science Association
3284:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
3044:
1644:
1005:
817:
764:
391:
3051:
3037:
1651:
1637:
1585:
1571:
1389:
1387:
636:International Council of Scientific Unions
3394:Royal Air Force personnel of World War II
1407:
1331:(Supplement). 28 July 1944. p. 3562.
1269:
1259:
547:. Their work was done at what is now the
1393:
1351:(Supplement). 6 July 1945. p. 3552.
1341:
1321:
1301:
675:
518:
3364:Presidents of St John's College, Oxford
1384:
1372:(PhD thesis). University of Cambridge.
1361:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1185:(PhD thesis). University of Cambridge.
1140:
1106:Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology
1103:
1058:
923:
682:
616:European Molecular Biology Organization
16:English biochemist and crystallographer
3261:
1611:President of St John's College, Oxford
1482:"The 21st Century: Kendrew Quadrangle"
1239:
1174:
459:
3032:
1632:
1235:
1233:
1231:
624:European Molecular Biology Laboratory
3354:People educated at The Dragon School
3279:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
1394:Stoddart, Charlotte (1 March 2022).
1205:
660:A biography of John Kendrew, titled
1355:
549:MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
181:MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
13:
3349:People educated at Clifton College
1526:
1228:
467:
14:
3415:
1583:National Portrait Gallery, London
1561:
1503:Wolfgang Saxon (30 August 1997).
1484:. St John's College, Oxford. 2020
1218:"John Kendrew academic genealogy"
1081:10.1038/scientificamerican1261-96
1881:
596:multiple isomorphous replacement
380:to investigate the structure of
292:
272:
49:
3404:Royal Air Force wing commanders
3389:20th-century British biologists
1496:
1474:
1423:
1311:. 7 October 1941. p. 5793.
609:
3379:Trustees of the British Museum
1362:Kendrew, John Cowdery (1949).
1335:
1315:
1295:
1286:
1271:11858/00-001M-0000-0028-EC77-7
1168:
515:Crystal structure of myoglobin
491:In 1947 he became a Fellow of
424:in Oxford, he was educated at
1:
1161:
452:headquarters; commissioned a
3344:Nobel laureates in Chemistry
3319:Fellows of the Royal Society
3304:English molecular biologists
1145:. London: Bell & Hyman.
1118:10.1016/0010-406X(62)90009-9
620:Journal of Molecular Biology
7:
1175:Huxley, Hugh Esmor (1953).
244:Other notable students
10:
3420:
418:Evelyn May Graham Sandburg
18:
3289:British crystallographers
3186:
3179:(Great Britain/Australia)
3155:
3136:
3117:
3093:
3068:
2687:
2388:
2129:
1890:
1879:
1670:
1617:
1608:
1600:
1595:
1579:Portraits of John Kendrew
1409:10.1146/knowable-022822-1
1141:Kendrew, John C. (1966).
559:, which stores oxygen in
432:, 1930–1936. He attended
338:
328:
313:
305:
285:
267:
262:
258:
254:
243:
222:
212:
194:
176:
166:
159:
144:Nobel Prize for Chemistry
136:
122:
112:
102:
83:
57:
48:
30:
2805:Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
2084:Wendell Meredith Stanley
1664:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
527:Kendrew shared the 1962
497:Medical Research Council
392:Education and early life
376:, for their work at the
370:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
345:Sir John Cowdery Kendrew
3314:British Nobel laureates
3309:English Nobel laureates
670:Oxford University Press
117:University of Cambridge
21:John Kendrew (inventor)
3359:Scientists from Oxford
3192:Nobel Prize recipients
3157:Physiology or Medicine
2969:Emmanuelle Charpentier
2957:M. Stanley Whittingham
1928:Hans von Euler-Chelpin
1261:10.1098/rsbm.2001.0018
1240:Holmes, K. C. (2001).
926:Federation Proceedings
524:
472:In 1945 he approached
402:Wilfrid George Kendrew
3384:X-ray crystallography
3324:Structural biologists
3299:English biophysicists
2339:Christian B. Anfinsen
1979:Frédéric Joliot-Curie
932:(2, Part 1): 740–51.
676:Selected publications
545:X-ray crystallography
522:
306:Years of service
185:Peterhouse, Cambridge
3001:Karl Barry Sharpless
2498:Dudley R. Herschbach
2323:Luis Federico Leloir
1604:Sir Richard Southern
647:University of Oxford
590:discovered that the
478:Cavendish Laboratory
414:University of Oxford
396:Kendrew was born in
378:Cavendish Laboratory
62:John Cowdery Kendrew
3374:Royal Medal winners
2993:Carolyn R. Bertozzi
2905:Jean-Pierre Sauvage
2642:Jens Christian Skou
2610:F. Sherwood Rowland
2522:Charles J. Pedersen
2486:Herbert A. Hauptman
2179:Vincent du Vigneaud
1796:Richard Willstätter
1680:Jacobus van 't Hoff
1444:1960Natur.185..422K
1073:1961SciAm.205f..96K
1061:Scientific American
1020:1961Natur.190..670W
967:1961Natur.190..666K
885:1958Natur.181..662K
832:1956Natur.178..905I
779:1955Natur.175..206K
726:1954Natur.174..946K
460:Research and career
3294:English biologists
2953:John B. Goodenough
2881:William E. Moerner
2761:Richard R. Schrock
2733:Roderick MacKinnon
2705:K. Barry Sharpless
2530:Johann Deisenhofer
2359:Geoffrey Wilkinson
2355:Ernst Otto Fischer
2279:Robert S. Mulliken
2215:Jaroslav HeyrovskĂ˝
2163:Hermann Staudinger
1983:Irène Joliot-Curie
1570:on Nobelprize.org
1546:A Place in History
1509:The New York Times
1378:uk.bl.ethos.648050
1348:The London Gazette
1328:The London Gazette
1308:The London Gazette
1199:uk.bl.ethos.604904
651:Kendrew Quadrangle
525:
3256:
3255:
3026:
3025:
3009:Moungi G. Bawendi
2929:Richard Henderson
2773:Roger D. Kornberg
2741:Aaron Ciechanover
2574:Rudolph A. Marcus
2478:Robert Merrifield
2414:Peter D. Mitchell
2187:Cyril Hinshelwood
1948:Friedrich Bergius
1872:Richard Zsigmondy
1788:Theodore Richards
1736:Ernest Rutherford
1627:
1626:
1618:Succeeded by
1596:Academic offices
1538:978-1-84046-940-0
1400:Knowable Magazine
1152:978-0-7135-0618-1
668:was published by
643:St John's College
505:Royal Institution
342:
341:
223:Doctoral students
213:Academic advisors
161:Scientific career
3411:
3334:Knights Bachelor
3194:
3053:
3046:
3039:
3030:
3029:
3019:
3017:Alexei I. Ekimov
3003:
2997:Morten P. Meldal
2987:
2975:
2963:
2947:
2931:
2921:Jacques Dubochet
2915:
2899:
2883:
2867:
2851:
2845:Robert Lefkowitz
2839:
2831:
2815:
2809:Thomas A. Steitz
2799:
2783:
2775:
2767:
2757:Robert H. Grubbs
2751:
2735:
2723:
2707:
2680:
2678:Hideki Shirakawa
2664:
2656:
2644:
2628:
2612:
2596:
2588:
2576:
2568:
2566:Richard R. Ernst
2560:
2552:
2540:
2524:
2508:
2492:
2480:
2472:
2464:
2456:
2444:
2442:Frederick Sanger
2428:
2422:Herbert C. Brown
2416:
2408:
2400:
2398:William Lipscomb
2381:
2369:
2361:
2349:
2333:
2331:Gerhard Herzberg
2325:
2317:
2305:
2297:
2281:
2273:
2265:
2257:
2245:
2233:
2225:
2217:
2209:
2207:Frederick Sanger
2201:
2193:
2191:Nikolay Semyonov
2181:
2173:
2165:
2157:
2145:
2143:Glenn T. Seaborg
2122:
2110:
2102:
2094:
2086:
2070:
2068:Artturi Virtanen
2062:
2054:
2052:George de Hevesy
2046:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2032:
2031:
2025:
2013:
2005:
1993:
1985:
1973:
1965:
1964:
1958:
1950:
1938:
1930:
1918:
1910:
1908:Heinrich Wieland
1902:
1900:Theodor Svedberg
1885:
1884:
1874:
1866:
1865:
1859:
1851:
1843:
1835:
1827:
1826:
1820:
1812:
1811:
1805:
1804:
1798:
1790:
1782:
1774:
1762:
1754:
1746:
1738:
1730:
1722:
1714:
1712:Adolf von Baeyer
1706:
1698:
1696:Svante Arrhenius
1690:
1682:
1653:
1646:
1639:
1630:
1629:
1601:Preceded by
1593:
1592:
1589:
1575:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1478:
1472:
1471:
1452:10.1038/185422a0
1427:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1411:
1391:
1382:
1381:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1319:
1313:
1312:
1299:
1293:
1290:
1284:
1283:
1273:
1263:
1237:
1226:
1225:
1222:academictree.org
1214:
1203:
1202:
1172:
1156:
1137:
1100:
1055:
1028:10.1038/190670a0
1002:
975:10.1038/190666a0
961:(4777): 666–70.
949:
920:
893:10.1038/181662a0
867:
840:10.1038/178905a0
814:
787:10.1038/175206b0
761:
734:10.1038/174946a0
708:
666:Paul M Wassarman
366:crystallographer
356:
333:Second World War
298:
296:
295:
287:
278:
276:
275:
208:
90:
71:
69:
53:
43:
28:
27:
3419:
3418:
3414:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3409:
3408:
3259:
3258:
3257:
3252:
3190:
3182:
3177:Maurice Wilkins
3173:(United States)
3171:James D. Watson
3167:(Great Britain)
3151:
3132:
3129:(United States)
3113:
3110:(United States)
3089:
3086:(Great Britain)
3080:(Great Britain)
3064:
3057:
3027:
3022:
3006:
2990:
2981:David MacMillan
2978:
2973:Jennifer Doudna
2966:
2950:
2934:
2918:
2909:Fraser Stoddart
2902:
2893:Paul L. Modrich
2886:
2870:
2854:
2842:
2834:
2829:Ei-ichi Negishi
2821:Richard F. Heck
2818:
2802:
2789:Osamu Shimomura
2786:
2778:
2770:
2754:
2738:
2726:
2710:
2697:William Knowles
2694:
2683:
2674:Alan MacDiarmid
2667:
2659:
2647:
2631:
2626:Richard Smalley
2615:
2602:Paul J. Crutzen
2599:
2591:
2579:
2571:
2563:
2555:
2543:
2527:
2518:Jean-Marie Lehn
2511:
2495:
2483:
2475:
2467:
2459:
2447:
2431:
2419:
2411:
2403:
2395:
2384:
2379:Vladimir Prelog
2372:
2364:
2352:
2336:
2328:
2320:
2308:
2300:
2284:
2276:
2271:Robert Woodward
2268:
2263:Dorothy Hodgkin
2260:
2248:
2236:
2228:
2220:
2212:
2204:
2196:
2184:
2176:
2168:
2160:
2148:
2136:
2125:
2113:
2108:William Giauque
2105:
2097:
2092:Robert Robinson
2089:
2076:James B. Sumner
2073:
2065:
2057:
2049:
2043:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2029:
2028:
2023:Leopold RuĹľiÄŤka
2019:Adolf Butenandt
2016:
2008:
1996:
1988:
1976:
1968:
1962:
1961:
1956:Irving Langmuir
1953:
1941:
1933:
1921:
1913:
1905:
1897:
1886:
1882:
1877:
1869:
1863:
1862:
1854:
1846:
1841:Frederick Soddy
1838:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1815:
1809:
1808:
1802:
1801:
1793:
1785:
1777:
1768:Victor Grignard
1765:
1757:
1749:
1744:Wilhelm Ostwald
1741:
1733:
1725:
1717:
1709:
1701:
1693:
1685:
1677:
1666:
1657:
1623:
1614:
1606:
1568:John C. Kendrew
1564:
1529:
1527:Further reading
1524:
1523:
1513:
1511:
1501:
1497:
1487:
1485:
1480:
1479:
1475:
1438:(4711): 422–7.
1428:
1424:
1414:
1412:
1392:
1385:
1360:
1356:
1340:
1336:
1320:
1316:
1300:
1296:
1291:
1287:
1238:
1229:
1216:
1215:
1206:
1173:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1153:
1112:(2–4): 249–52.
1014:(4777): 670–2.
879:(4610): 662–6.
826:(4539): 905–6.
773:(4448): 206–7.
720:(4438): 946–9.
678:
672:in March 2020.
612:
517:
486:Joseph Barcroft
470:
468:Crystallography
462:
454:squadron leader
450:Royal Air Force
434:Trinity College
426:Clifton College
394:
348:
300:Royal Air Force
293:
291:
273:
271:
263:Military career
248:James D. Watson
239:
206:
189:Royal Air Force
187:
183:
171:Crystallography
155:
113:Alma mater
107:Clifton College
98:
92:
88:
79:
73:
67:
65:
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63:
44:
35:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3417:
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3326:
3321:
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3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3187:
3184:
3183:
3181:
3180:
3174:
3168:
3161:
3159:
3153:
3152:
3150:
3149:
3148:(Soviet Union)
3142:
3140:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3130:
3123:
3121:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3111:
3108:John Steinbeck
3104:
3102:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3081:
3074:
3072:
3066:
3065:
3056:
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3024:
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3004:
2988:
2976:
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2948:
2941:Gregory Winter
2937:Frances Arnold
2932:
2916:
2900:
2884:
2868:
2861:Michael Levitt
2857:Martin Karplus
2852:
2840:
2832:
2816:
2800:
2797:Roger Y. Tsien
2793:Martin Chalfie
2784:
2776:
2768:
2752:
2736:
2724:
2708:
2691:
2689:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2681:
2670:Alan J. Heeger
2665:
2657:
2645:
2638:John E. Walker
2629:
2613:
2597:
2589:
2577:
2569:
2561:
2553:
2541:
2538:Hartmut Michel
2525:
2514:Donald J. Cram
2509:
2493:
2481:
2473:
2465:
2457:
2454:Roald Hoffmann
2445:
2438:Walter Gilbert
2429:
2417:
2409:
2406:Ilya Prigogine
2401:
2392:
2390:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2382:
2375:John Cornforth
2370:
2362:
2350:
2343:Stanford Moore
2334:
2326:
2318:
2306:
2298:
2291:Ronald Norrish
2282:
2274:
2266:
2258:
2246:
2234:
2226:
2218:
2210:
2202:
2199:Alexander Todd
2194:
2182:
2174:
2166:
2158:
2146:
2139:Edwin McMillan
2133:
2131:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2111:
2103:
2095:
2087:
2071:
2063:
2055:
2047:
2040:
2033:
2026:
2014:
2006:
1999:Norman Haworth
1994:
1986:
1974:
1966:
1959:
1951:
1939:
1931:
1919:
1911:
1903:
1894:
1892:
1888:
1887:
1880:
1878:
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1875:
1867:
1860:
1852:
1844:
1836:
1833:Walther Nernst
1828:
1821:
1813:
1806:
1799:
1791:
1783:
1775:
1763:
1755:
1747:
1739:
1731:
1728:Eduard Buchner
1723:
1715:
1707:
1704:William Ramsay
1699:
1691:
1683:
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1576:
1563:
1562:External links
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580:diving mammals
516:
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501:Lawrence Bragg
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123:Known for
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91:(aged 80)
87:23 August 1997
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3165:Francis Crick
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3141:
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3127:Linus Pauling
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2985:Benjamin List
2982:
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2961:Akira Yoshino
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2925:Joachim Frank
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2889:Tomas Lindahl
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2865:Arieh Warshel
2862:
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2849:Brian Kobilka
2846:
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2837:Dan Shechtman
2833:
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2745:Avram Hershko
2742:
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2718:
2717:Koichi Tanaka
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2634:Paul D. Boyer
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2586:Michael Smith
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2546:Sidney Altman
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2287:Manfred Eigen
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2227:
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2223:Willard Libby
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2151:Archer Martin
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592:phase problem
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72:24 March 1917
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38:
29:
26:
22:
3222:
3084:John Kendrew
3083:
2945:George Smith
2825:Akira Suzuki
2781:Gerhard Ertl
2765:Yves Chauvin
2713:John B. Fenn
2701:Ryoji Noyori
2688:2001–present
2662:Ahmed Zewail
2622:Harold Kroto
2606:Mario Molina
2534:Robert Huber
2506:John Polanyi
2490:Jerome Karle
2426:Georg Wittig
2311:Derek Barton
2303:Lars Onsager
2255:Giulio Natta
2251:Karl Ziegler
2243:John Kendrew
2242:
2011:Richard Kuhn
1936:Hans Fischer
1752:Otto Wallach
1688:Emil Fischer
1609:
1545:
1512:. Retrieved
1508:
1498:
1486:. Retrieved
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1413:. Retrieved
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89:(1997-08-23)
32:John Kendrew
25:
3274:1997 deaths
3269:1917 births
3061:Nobel Prize
2913:Ben Feringa
2897:Aziz Sancar
2877:Stefan Hell
2873:Eric Betzig
2650:Walter Kohn
2618:Robert Curl
2594:George Olah
2582:Kary Mullis
2558:Elias Corey
2550:Thomas Cech
2502:Yuan T. Lee
2470:Henry Taube
2003:Paul Karrer
1991:Peter Debye
1971:Harold Urey
1857:Fritz Pregl
1818:Fritz Haber
1760:Marie Curie
1343:"No. 37168"
1323:"No. 36633"
1303:"No. 35301"
1254:: 311–332.
529:Nobel Prize
410:climatology
230:Hugh Huxley
150:Royal Medal
3263:Categories
3146:Lev Landau
3095:Literature
3078:Max Perutz
2749:Irwin Rose
2729:Peter Agre
2654:John Pople
2462:Aaron Klug
2367:Paul Flory
2315:Odd Hassel
2239:Max Perutz
2120:Kurt Alder
2116:Otto Diels
1944:Carl Bosch
1615:1981–1987
1162:References
628:Heidelberg
626:(EMBL) in
588:Max Perutz
584:whale meat
537:Max Perutz
495:; and the
493:Peterhouse
474:Max Perutz
374:Max Perutz
362:biochemist
268:Allegiance
217:Max Perutz
68:1917-03-24
3070:Chemistry
3063:laureates
2434:Paul Berg
2389:1976–2000
2130:1951–1975
2060:Otto Hahn
1891:1926–1950
1671:1901–1925
1660:Laureates
1191:885437514
1126:0010-406X
1089:0036-8733
1036:0028-0836
983:0028-0836
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685:Endeavour
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572:myoglobin
557:myoglobin
553:Cambridge
533:chemistry
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309:1941–1945
250:(postdoc)
103:Education
97:, England
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196:Thesis
167:Fields
152:(1965)
146:(1962)
137:Awards
76:Oxford
3223:1962
3119:Peace
3059:1962
1464:S2CID
1374:EThOS
1195:EThOS
1048:S2CID
995:S2CID
913:S2CID
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807:S2CID
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602:(0.6
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564:cells
535:with
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531:for
382:haem
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1404:doi
1266:hdl
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1024:doi
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783:doi
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551:in
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350:CBE
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