1817:
441:
2031:
2073:
1510:, and replaced by Husam al-Din ibn Bakish. Soon after, the city fell into the hands of Emir Yalbugha an-Nasiri who revolted against Barquq. Gaza was retaken without violence, and Ibn Bakish met Yalbugha at its gates with gifts and proposals of peace. The unseated Barquq regained his throne in 1389, and retook Gaza the next year. In 1401 a swarm of locusts destroyed Gaza's crops. A battle between the rival Mamluk emirs Akbirdi and Qansuwa Khamsiyah occurred in Gaza; Khamsiyah had failed in usurping the Mamluk throne and fled to Gaza where he made his unsuccessful last stand. Between 1428 and 1433, Gaza was governed by Emir
190:
28:
1044:), the Rashidun forces began to make stronger efforts at conquering Byzantine territory. During the three-year siege of Gaza, the city's Jewish community fought alongside the Byzantine garrison. In the summer of 637, Amr's forces broke the siege and captured Gaza, killing its Byzantine garrison, but not attacking its inhabitants. Amr's victory is attributed to a combination of Arab strategy, Byzantine weakness, and the influence of Gaza's Arab residents. Believed to be the site where Muhammad's great-grandfather
1800:
1679:
1290:
1874:
8057:
2261:
2169:
10223:
9209:
1914:
1843:
Gaza's port was by then inactive, it benefited from trade and commerce because of its position on the caravan route between Egypt and Syria, as well as from the production of soap and cotton for trade with the
Bedouin. The governor of Gaza at the time was Sheikh Sa'id. Robinson noted that virtually all of Gaza's vestiges of ancient history and antiquity had disappeared due to constant conflict and occupation.
5793:
577:, was in charge of the city's affairs. On the division of Herod's kingdom, it was placed under the proconsul of Syria. After Herod's death in 4 BCE, Augustus annexed it to the Province of Syria. In 66 CE, Gaza was burned down by Jews during their rebellion against the Romans. However, it remained an important city; even more so after the destruction of
7082:
6407:
4340:
transferred to the occupied West Bank. In the occupied Gaza Strip, several housing projects were established for these refugees. Some of these projects today are referred to as camps. These include the Canada project (1972), the
Shuqairi project (1973), the Brazil project (1973), the Sheikh Radwan project (1974), and the al-Amal project (1979).
720:, but later into the city. The religion faced obstacles as it spread through the inland population because pagan worship was strong. In 299, an unverified number of local Christians who assembled in Gaza to hear the Christian scriptures read were seized and mutilated by the Romans. Also, its Christians were harshly repressed during the
249:, a second city developed on the ruins of the first Tell as-Sakan. This city was destroyed about a century later, when the Hyksos were routed from Egypt. Egypt settled Gaza once again and Tell al-Ajjul rose for the third time in the 15th century BCE. The city finally ceased to exist in the 14th century, at the end of the Bronze Age.
2065:, involving the demolition of homes and the employment of special assassination teams that killed suspects. Israel also began to set up detainment camps, arresting families of suspected suspects, and some Gazan youths who weren't accused of anything. The purpose was to dissuade other families from allowing their sons to join
1155:." A Christian writer, writing in 867, described it as "rich in all things". Gaza's port, however, occasionally succumbed to neglect under Arab rule and an overall decline in commerce followed because of infighting among Palestine's rulers and Bedouin bandits who disrupted overland trade routes towards the city.
1702:—the province that Gaza briefly belonged to. Husayn's period in office was peaceful and prosperous for the city, and he gained a good reputation for considerably reducing the strife between the nearby Bedouin and the settled population. He appointed his son Ibrahim to be governor of the Gaza and Jerusalem
4080:
1846:
The bubonic plague struck again in 1839 and the city stagnated, as it lacked political and economic stability. In 1840, Egyptian and
Ottoman troops battled outside of Gaza, with the Ottomans emerging victorious, effectively ending Egyptian rule over Palestine. The battles brought about more death and
1737:
then governed Gaza into the early 1670s, implementing an anti-French and anti-Christian regime to appease the
Ottoman government. Soon after his reign ended, Ottomans officials were appointed to govern. The Ridwan period is considered Gaza's last golden age during Ottoman rule and the city gradually
228:
Gaza enjoyed demographic and economic growth again when the local
Canaanite population began to resettle Tell as-Sakan around 2500, but in 2250, the area experienced a total collapse of civilization and all of the cities in the Gaza region were abandoned by the 23rd century BCE. In its place emerged
4339:
During the 1970s, the
Israeli military administration destroyed thousands of refugee shelters in the occupied Gaza Strip under the guise of security. Large refugee camps were targeted in particular. Refugees were forcefully resettled in other areas of the occupied Gaza Strip, with a smaller number
1842:
visited Gaza in 1838, describing it as a "thickly populated" town larger than
Jerusalem, with its Old City lying upon a hilltop, while its suburbs laid on the nearby plain. He further stated that its soil was rich and supported groves of "delicious and abundant" apricots and mulberries. Although
1656:. He died in 1607. Next in line was Hasan Pasha ibn Ahmad who became known 'Arab Hasan ("Hasan the Bedouin") because by then, the Ridwans were identified with being well-versed with the Bedouin and controlling them. He successfully led his pro-Ottoman Bedouin troops against the army of the rebel
1997:
during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, purportedly as the government for a liberated
Palestine. However, the government was ineffective with little or no influence over events in Gaza and was dissolved by Cairo in 1959. Egyptian occupation of the Gaza Strip was broken for four months during the 1956
1870:, who was appointed mayor by Ottoman authorities. Like other regions and cities in Palestine at the time, Gaza was economically and politically dominated by a number of powerful clans, particularly the Shawa, Husseini, and Sourani families. Two destructive earthquakes occurred in 1903 and 1914.
780:
reversed the process during his reign in the latter half of the 4th century. Although Maiuma had its own bishop, clergy, and diocesan territory, it shared its magistrates and administration with Gaza. Upon Julian's death, Maiuma's independence was restored and the rivalry between it and Gaza
1762:
caravan, consisting of 13,000 camel-loads of goods, into Gaza's markets, boosting the city's wealth. The attack on the caravan was a reprisal to the
Ottomans who had recently replaced the governor of Damascus. In 1763, there was a revolt in Gaza against the Ottomans. Then, in November 1770,
2009:
issued several reforms in Gaza, including the expansion of educational opportunities and civil services, provision of housing and the establishment of local security forces. As in Egypt, political activity in Gaza was severely curtailed, but the government-sponsored Arab
National Union was
1609:, became governor shortly before Mustafa's death. The Ridwan dynasty, which would rule Gaza for over a century, derives its name from Ridwan Pasha. He was later appointed Governor of Yemen, but was deposed two years later and returned to the governorship of Gaza. After becoming governor of
1470:
as governor, some of the provincial privileges of Gaza, such as the governor's direct subordination to the sultan in Cairo, were removed by an-Nasir Muhammad's decree. From then, and until 1341, when Sanjar al-Jawli served a second term as governor, Gaza became subordinate to the
1787:, who referred to it as "the outpost of Africa, the door to Asia", in 1799. Most of its inhabitants fled as a result. His forces easily razed the remains of the city walls (which had not been rebuilt since their destruction by Saladin), but abandoned the city after their failed
1230:
wrote Gaza "is today very populous and in the hands of the Crusaders." William of Tyre confirms that in 1170, a civilian population was persuaded to occupy the area outside the castle and establish feeble fortifications and gates surrounding the community. That same year, King
879:
were included in Gaza's territories. Its large representation, approximately half of which is preserved, cannot be easily explained, mainly because only small tentative excavations have been made there and because ancient Gaza is covered by the still-inhabited Old City.
4657:
The prime minister is comfortable with limited economic growth in Gaza, particularly as a way to modify Hamas's urge to get into trouble. We still want there to be a discrepancy between economic life in Gaza and the West Bank, but we no longer feel it needs to be so
794:
During most of the 4th century, the Christian community was small, poor, and carried no influence in the city. The church was insignificant and its members were not allowed to hold political office. However, conversion to Christianity in Gaza was spearheaded under
2256:
with heavy civilian casualties. After Israel destroyed a large amount of Hamas tunnels, it withdrew from the Gaza Strip, and a ceasefire was implemented soon after. 2,251 Gazans were killed in the war, 65 percent of which were civilians, according to the UN.
1251:
at the time. Seven years later, the Templars prepared for another defense of Gaza against Saladin, but this time his forces fell on Ascalon. In 1187, following Ascalon's capitulation, the Templars surrendered Gaza in return for the release of their master
2010:
established in place of the All-Palestine Government that Nasser abolished in 1959, which gave the city's citizens a greater voice in national politics. In 1959, with the abolishment of the All-Palestine Government, Gaza officially became a part of the
644:
Throughout the Roman period, Gaza was a prosperous city and received grants and attention from several emperors. It was governed by a diverse 500-member senate. Gaza's mint stamped out coins adorned with the busts of gods and emperors, including
4641:
2014:, a union of Syria and Egypt, under the pan-Arab policy of Nasser. In reality, however, Gaza was under direct Egyptian military governorship, which also continued upon the withdrawal of Syria from the UAR shortly afterwards. When the
759:
in 325, the vast majority of its inhabitants continued to worship the native gods. As the Roman Empire was crumbling at this time, Gaza remained unaffected. At this time, the inhabitants of Maiuma reportedly converted to Christianity
7411:
6442:
458:
mercenaries, Gaza withstood the siege for two months, until it was overcome by storm. The defenders, mostly local elements, fought to the death and the women and children were taken as captives. The city was resettled by neighboring
815:. Paganism continued despite persecution, and according to the traditional Christian history, Christians were still persecuted in the city, resulting in Porphyrius undertaking more measures. As a result of his persuasion, Empress
1725:
caravan and his alleged pro-Christian tendencies, however, served as an excuse for the Ottoman government to depose him. He was soon imprisoned in Damascus and his assets confiscated by provincial authorities. He was later sent to
1498:
visited the city and noted that it was "large and populous, and has many mosques. But there were no walls round it. There was here of old a fine Jami' Mosque (the Great Mosque), but the one present used was built by Amir Jawli ."
1437:. Gaza was one of the places that returned to the allegiance of the exiled sultan; in 1310, an-Nasir Muhammad defeated Sultan Baybars in Gaza, forcing the latter to surrender his throne to him. Baybars was imprisoned in the city.
7077:
6402:
1697:
was governor of Nablus and Jerusalem, and inherited the impoverished governorship of Gaza when his father died. He borrowed a large sum from the French in order to meet the heavy taxes imposed on the city by Hassan Aga, governor
7435:
4971:
4701:
Hamas and other Palestinian armed groups have sought to justify the attacks as appropriate reprisals for Israeli military operations and the ongoing blockade against Gaza, and as a lawful response to the Israeli occupation of
1944:
being built along the coast, and the southern and eastern plains. Areas damaged in the riots underwent reconstruction. Most of the funding for these developments came from international organizations and missionary groups.
1714:
in 1660, Husayn resumed control of Gaza. The city began to recover and thrive, being described as the "capitol of Palestine" due to its status. The Great Mosque was restored, and six other mosques constructed, while
2237:
the Gaza Strip and implemented restrictions on movement. These policies led to further poverty and lessened resources in the city. Hamas conducted rocket attacks on Israel, as to pressure it to lift the blockade.
1247:. However, Saladin evaded the Crusader force and assaulted Gaza instead, destroying the town built outside the castle's walls and killing its inhabitants after they were refused refuge in the castle, managed by
104:
thirty years later. Throughout the Roman period, Gaza maintained its prosperity, receiving grants from several different emperors. A diverse, 500-member senate governed the city during this time. Conversion to
8404:
6397:
1101:
Under the Umayyads Gaza served as a minor administrative center. In 672 an earthquake struck the city but there are few details of its effects. Under the caliph-appointed governors, Christians and Jews were
8599:
1056:
The arrival of the Muslim Arabs brought drastic changes to Gaza; its churches were transformed into mosques, including the Cathedral of John the Baptist (previously the Temple of Marnas), which became the
7406:
4630:
1835:
not to purchase Gaza's cotton harvest (cotton production was Ali's main source of wealth and Egypt's production was low that year), instead allowing its residents to dispose of it how they wished.
7447:
7423:
7430:
1387:
In 1294, an earthquake devastated Gaza, and five years later the Mongols again destroyed all that was restored by the Mamluks. That same year, Gaza was the center of a conspiracy against Sultan
827:, it is likely that Porphyrius did not even exist. According to traditional Christian history, persecution against Christians did not cease, but it was less harsh and frequent than previously.
8842:
8434:
1675:, but he was deposed in 1644. 'Arab Hasan had many wives and concubines, who bore him 85 children. He led the Ridwans successfully militarily, however, he burdened the dynasty with heavy debt.
1422:, Hebron and Jerusalem to the east—all of which had their own sub-governors. He further described Gaza in 1300 as "so rich in trees it looks like a cloth of brocade spread out upon the land".
8861:
7372:
2245:. Israel surrounded and invaded Gaza, heavily bombing the city. Early in 2009, a ceasefire was reached and Israel withdrew from the Strip. The war resulted in more than 1,000 Gazan deaths.
3060:
In the late 130s the market at Mamre was flooded with Jews captured by the Romans in the course of the suppression of the revolt. The overflow of slaves was directed to the market of Gaza.
7325:
7320:
1936:, the Jewish Quarter of Gaza was destroyed and most of Gaza's fifty Jewish families fled the city. In the 1930s and 1940s, Gaza underwent major expansion, with new neighborhoods, such as
7459:
653:, who favored Gaza, personally inaugurated wrestling, boxing and oratorical competitions in Gaza's new stadium. The city was adorned with many pagan temples, the main cult being that of
261:, and was the residence of the Egyptian governor of the region. A caravan point of strategic importance from the earliest times, it was constantly involved in the wars between Egypt and
7442:
7105:
1959:, 50 Indians, 23 New Zealanders, 23 Canadians, 36 Poles, and 184 Ottoman-era Turkish graves, plus small numbers of South African, Greek, Egyptian, German, French and Yugoslav soldiers.
9247:
7418:
4963:
977:
Christian population before Gaza's capitulation to the Muslims. Near the end of the Byzantine era, Gaza had become the home of an increasingly influential group of Arab traders from
7308:
4314:
2943:
Slaves were sold at Gaza after the fall of Jerusalem and at the end of the Jewish rebellion in 135, and it may perhaps have been an important slaving center even in ordinary times.
8977:
1490:
spread to the city, killing the majority of its inhabitants, and in 1352, Gaza suffered a destructive flood—which was rare in that arid part of Palestine. However, by 1355, the
1309:
completely destroyed Gaza—Hulagu's southernmost point of conquest. Hulagu left his army in Gaza after being recalled due to the death of the Mongol emperor, and Mamluk general
3749:
1444:
acquired the governorship of Gaza and central Palestine in 1311. He highly favored Gaza and transformed it into a flourishing city, having built in it a horse-race course, a
585:
the following year. Titus passed through Gaza on his march toward to Jerusalem, and again in his return. Following Jerusalem's fall, captives were sold into slavery in Gaza.
6785:
6237:
2104:, for refusing to annex al-Shati camp to the municipality of Gaza. Frequent conflicts erupted between Palestinians and the Israeli authorities in the city after the 1970s.
2018:(PLO) was founded in 1964, Nasser formally, but not practically, proclaimed that it would hold authority over Gaza, and a year later, conscription was instituted for the
1028:
in central Palestine. The Muslims' victory at Ajnadayn gave them control over much of Palestine's countryside, but not the major cities with garrisons such as Gaza. With
257:
A city which would develop into Gaza began to emerge on the site of Tell al-Ajjul around the 16th-17th century BCE. This city served as Egypt's administrative capital in
8777:
4750:
4332:
2356:
2061:. Militants targeted Arabs working at Israeli companies, and in one instance, killed a Jewish family. In response, Sharon conducted a year long operation, authorized by
7171:
6017:
4670:
2252:
against Hamas, aiming to stop its rocket fire. Israel bombed the Strip and city, and eventually invaded it. Israel entered the Shuja'iyya neighborhood, resulting in
213:
territory. Tell as-Sakan prospered as Canaanite cities began to trade agricultural goods with the Egyptians. However, when Egypt's economic interests shifted to the
2299:
brought on by the war. 70 percent of the city was destroyed by airstrikes, and more than 40,000 people were killed in the Strip. Israel was accused of committing a
8584:
1632:
Although no explanation is provided in the biographies of the Ridwan family, it is evident they chose Gaza as their home and built there their residence, known as
221:, Gaza's role was reduced to that of a port for ships carrying goods and it declined economically. The site was virtually abandoned and remained so throughout the
8905:
7454:
2340:
2335:
4858:
2359:
553:. Roman rule brought six centuries of relative peace and prosperity to the city—which became a busy port and locus of trade between the Middle East and Africa.
9240:
8604:
1809:
2184:
under which it completely withdrew Israeli armed forces and settlements from the Gaza Strip. Violence during the Second Intifada contributed to the decision.
8982:
8890:
8657:
5422:
Separate and Cooperate, Cooperate and Separate: The Disengagement of the Palestine Health Care System from Israel and Its Emergence as an Independent System
2824:
2415:
6780:
6232:
4132:
1118:
The year 750 saw the end of Umayyad rule in Palestine and the arrival of the Abbasids, with Gaza becoming a center for the writing of Islamic law. In 767,
5048:
935:
The depiction on the 6th-century Madaba Map supports the notion that Gaza was the most important political and commercial centre on the southern coast of
8462:
8456:
7362:
7166:
6447:
5858:
454:—the last city to resist his conquest on his path to Egypt—for five months, finally capturing it in 332 BCE. Led by a eunuch named Batis and defended by
1866:
Although the first municipal council of Gaza was formed in 1893 under the chairmanship of Ali Khalil Shawa, modern mayorship began in 1906 with his son
7986:
5710:
4911:
1816:
4102:
1951:, one of the world’s many Commonwealth war cemeteries, contains the graves of soldiers from the British Empire and Commonwealth dating back as far as
9233:
6790:
1211:, the Crusaders found it uninhabited and in ruins. Unable to totally refortify the hilltop on which Gaza was built, due to a lack of resources, King
1195:, who later also became bishop of the city, wrote many poems that thematise the hardships Palestinian Christians suffered during the reign of caliph
2100:
were vociferous in their opposition to the move, claiming it was forced resettlement. In 1972, Gaza's military governor dismissed the city's mayor,
8467:
8228:
7682:
440:
4609:
3333:
Yardeni, Ada; Kushnir-Stein, Alla; Isaac, Benjamin; Misgav, Haggai; Cotton, Hannah M.; Price, Jonathan; Ameling, Walter; Eck, Werner (July 2014).
2069:. The camps were located in remote desert areas, holding as many as 50 people. The Red Cross described detainees' treatment there as 'merciless'.
1333:. Baibars passed through Gaza six times during his expeditions against the remnants of the Crusader states and the Mongols between 1263 and 1269.
7822:
7367:
6846:
5879:
2758:
Mildenberg, Leo (1998). "Gaza Mint Authorities in Persian Times. Preliminary Studies of the Local Coinage in the fifth Persian Satrapy. Part 4".
2338:
943:, often also cultivated by the various monasteries surrounding the city, exported around all the Mediterranean and mentioned by writers such as
8910:
5078:
2304:
1989:
fleeing nearby cities, towns and villages that were captured by Israel. From 1948 until 1959, Gaza was nominally under the jurisdiction of the
1859:
visited Gaza, gathering and cataloging a sizable collection of Byzantine inscriptions and describing the city's Great Mosque in detail. Sultan
1110:, who visited the city in 723. Nevertheless, exports of wine and olives declined and the overall prosperity of Palestine and Gaza went down.
812:
8497:
4696:
8622:
8594:
8201:
6815:
6262:
2336:
121:
in 637 AD and most Gazans adopted Islam during early Muslim rule. Thereafter, the city went through periods of prosperity and decline. The
3264:
2536:
368:. Historians today largely believe that these stories about Israelite/Judean rule over Philistia are not historical, but rather mythical.
69:
besieged and captured the city in 332 BC. Most of the inhabitants were killed during the assault, and the city, which became a center for
10203:
8964:
8857:
8768:
7594:
6216:
2674:
Maeir, Aren M. (2023). "Philistines and Israelites/Judahites. Antagonism and Interaction". In Keimer, Kyle H.; Pierce, George A. (eds.).
2292:
5524:
8579:
8093:
6928:
6385:
6305:
5951:
4254:
1545:. The Ottoman army quickly and efficiently crushed a small-scale uprising, and the local population generally welcomed them as fellow
415:
near Gaza; however, it was captured by Nebuchadnezzar during his second unsuccessful campaign to invade Egypt in 568 BCE. In 529 BCE,
7817:
6358:
4936:
2181:
1719:
and market stalls proliferated. Anonymous petitions from Damascus sent to Istanbul complaining about Husayn's failure to protect the
2088:
to widen roads for security reasons. Israel developed new housing schemes nearby that resulted in the establishment of the northern
8987:
8915:
8632:
8356:
4773:
4499:
2347:
2341:
2339:
2325:
The red bars in the chronology below indicate periods during which the indicated group had limited self-rule, and not sovereignty.
2291:
Gaza was left largely deserted, with about only 300,000 people remaining in the city. The remaining population was subjected to a
2203:
against Fatah, resulting in a government led by the group. Tensions between the groups led to a power-sharing agreement signed in
8502:
8243:
8196:
7770:
7515:
6145:
2273:
5638:
5000:
4439:
2344:
10349:
9090:
8847:
8810:
8529:
2093:
4742:
4329:
8815:
8311:
7703:
6436:
6375:
6352:
5797:
5753:
5648:
5451:
5402:
5321:
5291:
5236:
5192:
4891:
4725:
4569:
4527:
4472:
4248:
3667:
3578:
3310:
3242:
2767:
2683:
2345:
2342:
2200:
2030:
1968:
1925:
granted quasi-colonial authority over former Ottoman territories to Great Britain and France, with Gaza becoming part of the
1821:
8942:
8920:
8798:
8424:
7708:
7303:
7243:
3412:
quoted in le Strange, 1890, p. xix. Al-Biladhuri lists the cities captured by Amr ibn al-'As as Ghazzah (Gaza), Sebastiya (
2352:
2350:
1215:
built a small castle there in 1149. The possession of Gaza completed the military encirclement of the Fatimid-held city of
1140:
8712:
5465:
4203:
2349:
1271:, Gaza was a medium-sized city, possessing gardens and a seashore in the early 13th century. The Ayyubids constructed the
1061:. Gaza's population adopted Islam as their religion relatively quick in contrast with the city's countryside. Eventually,
10316:
9893:
8773:
8652:
8544:
8361:
7615:
7280:
6840:
6079:
5825:
5584:
5544:
2015:
2353:
2050:
to administrate territories it captured, including Gaza. Israeli settlements began to be established in the Gaza Strip.
728:, believed to have been one of the 72 disciples, but the first cleric was Saint Silvanus who, during the persecution by
399:
around 730 BCE, Gaza came under Assyrian rule. In the 7th century, it again came under Egyptian control, but during the
10170:
8872:
8642:
8507:
7713:
4494:
3046:
2348:
2337:
2333:
2272:
southern Israel and killed over 800 Israeli civilians, also taking 251 hostages. Israel retaliated heavily, imposing a
2220:
2211:
which saw Hamas take control of the Gaza Strip. Hamas was ousted from the PA, which retained control of the West Bank.
1598:
1399:
904:. The celebrated Church of Saint Sergius was built in this century among other building projects such as a bath house,
5335:
2329:
1541:
In 1516, Gaza—by now a small town with an inactive port, ruined buildings and reduced trade—was incorporated into the
10282:
8992:
8895:
8647:
8614:
8166:
8013:
5774:
5729:
5605:
5594:
5573:
5554:
5493:
5430:
5369:
5345:
5303:
5260:
5206:
4850:
4298:
3476:
3378:
3344:
3220:
3164:
3092:
3004:
2097:
229:
semi-nomadic cultures with pastoral camps made up of rustic family dwellings which continued to exist throughout the
2343:
8972:
8900:
8852:
8793:
8739:
8220:
7807:
7285:
7154:
6939:
6760:
5852:
2383:
2320:
169:
1329:
in 1260. He was proclaimed sultan of Egypt on his way back from the battlefield after the assassination of Sultan
799:
between 396 and 420. The main source for pagan–Christian tensions in Gaza at this time is Porphyrius' biographer,
277:
near Gaza after a three-year siege. In addition, Gaza appeared frequently in Egyptian and Assyrian records. Under
10196:
8727:
8487:
8429:
8371:
7274:
6084:
5667:
5420:
5182:
2832:
2423:
2334:
2269:
1578:
migrated to Gaza, making it the largest Christian center of Palestine and an important source of support for the
1256:. Saladin then ordered the destruction of the city's fortifications in 1191. A year later, after recapturing it,
843:
was discovered in Gaza. An inscription states that the floor was donated in 508–509 CE by two merchant brothers.
403:
period (6th–4th centuries BCE) it enjoyed a certain independence and flourished. In 601/600 BCE, Babylonian king
7763:
4543:
4390:
2444:
8707:
8519:
8444:
8086:
7994:
7520:
7380:
6993:
6298:
6115:
4108:
3759:
3155:
2308:
2253:
2111:. Gaza became a center of confrontation during this uprising, resulting in a 142 deaths and a damaged economy.
1175:
was introduced to the area, arriving from India in 943. In 977, the Fatimids established an agreement with the
1085:
province during Rashidun rule, and continued to be part of the district under the successive caliphates of the
5483:
1589:(member of a military corps) who rose to become an elite military officer and state minister and eventually a
10344:
9257:
8867:
8492:
8137:
7829:
6775:
2053:
Organized armed struggle against Israel in Gaza peaked between 1969 and 1971, but was largely crushed by the
1552:
Shortly after Palestine's quick submission to the Ottomans, it was divided into six districts, including the
1284:
4907:
2241:
In late 2008, Israel raided part of the Gaza Strip to destroy Hamas tunnels, leading to clashes and a short
1187:
described Gaza as "a large town lying on the highroad to Egypt on the border of the desert. There is here a
807:, all eight of the city's pagan temples were destroyed and non-Christian worship was forbidden by the envoy
9149:
8937:
8664:
8482:
8386:
8366:
8288:
7579:
6201:
2445:"Territoires autonomes palestiniens : Tell es-Sakan | Du village à l'Etat au Proche et Moyen-Orient |"
2151:
2047:
1069:
residents deposited their property with their high priest and fled the city east upon the Muslim conquest.
755:
did not increase sympathy of the religion in Gaza. Although Gaza was represented by Bishop Asclepas in the
9225:
5764:
5441:
1048:—who also lived as a merchant in Gaza—was buried, the city was not destroyed by the victorious Arab army.
10114:
9888:
8514:
8233:
8171:
7970:
6820:
6267:
2019:
1734:
9144:
1065:
became the official language. The Christian population was reduced to an insignificant minority and the
911:
At the same time, the region around Gaza became an important monastic center, including figures such as
10212:
10189:
9269:
8803:
7654:
7549:
7539:
7385:
7238:
6370:
6191:
6166:
6125:
6033:
5622:
Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838
5471:
4821:
4599:
2234:
1848:
1579:
908:
and the city wall, that were undertaken by the bishop Marcianus and the provincial governor Stephanus.
725:
10222:
5311:
2072:
1502:
In the early 1380s, the governor of Gaza, Akbugha as-Safawi, plotted to commit treason against Sultan
10286:
9055:
8717:
8702:
8589:
8079:
7642:
7341:
7021:
6795:
6693:
6291:
6242:
5612:
3656:
Noble, Samuel (17 December 2010). "Sulayman al-Ghazzi". In Thomas, David; Mallett, Alexander (eds.).
3270:
2628:
Na'aman, Nadav (2004). "The Boundary System and Political Status of Gaza under the Assyrian Empire".
2542:
2346:
2277:
1974:
1839:
893:
172:, being occupied by Israel for decades. The city was largely destroyed and depopulated following the
165:
19:
5074:
2760:
Vestigia Leonis. Studien zur antiken Numismatik Israels, Palästinas und der östlichen Mittelmeerwelt
1597:. He received the governorship of Gaza apparently as an interim appointment before he was appointed
1219:
to the north. After the castle's construction, Baldwin granted it and the surrounding region to the
10290:
9075:
8627:
8298:
8265:
7250:
6652:
6365:
6038:
5659:
2242:
1990:
1856:
1212:
765:
721:
137:
hands by the late 13th century, and became a regional capitol. It witnessed a golden age under the
70:
4513:
2867:(Josephus, Antiq. XIII, 360), (Josephus, Antiq. XIII, 364), (Josephus, Antiq. XIII, 357; War I,87)
2332:
2331:
2330:
1791:
that same year. The duration of French influence in Gaza was too short to have a palpable effect.
1151:
who wrote that merchants grew rich there "for this place was a great market for the people of the
10301:
9372:
9060:
9035:
9010:
8947:
8931:
8788:
8238:
8181:
7477:
6657:
6647:
5818:
5270:
5152:
2355:
1804:
1652:. He became Governor of Damascus Eyalet in 1601 after bribing several viziers and bureaucrats in
1336:
Mamluk domination started in 1277, with Gaza initially being a small village in the territory of
756:
451:
161:
2605:
2351:
1831:
conquered it and most of Palestine in 1832. Strangely, in 1833, Muhammad Ali instructed his son
330:
occupying an area that extended as far as Gaza, and that these people were dispossessed by the
9139:
9097:
9070:
9050:
8827:
8692:
8524:
8348:
8327:
7944:
7790:
7659:
7559:
7209:
7204:
7161:
7144:
7031:
7026:
7016:
7011:
7006:
6622:
6176:
6007:
5997:
2378:
2354:
2281:
2158:
1832:
1232:
892:. It was an important city in the early Christian world and many scholars taught at its famous
189:
4837:
4371:
2357:
1955:. The majority of the graves (3082 of 3691) are British, but there are also the graves of 263
1122:
was born in Gaza and lived his early childhood there; al-Shafi'i founded one of the prominent
9918:
9866:
9515:
9154:
9085:
9080:
9030:
9025:
9020:
9015:
8306:
8029:
7746:
7635:
7485:
7346:
6898:
6617:
6100:
5704:
5626:
5504:
4881:
4715:
3034:
2976:
2561:
2208:
2143:
2120:
2085:
2054:
1898:
1890:
1828:
1361:
1257:
1207:
The Crusaders wrested control of Gaza from the Fatimids in 1100. According to the chronicler
1196:
1009:
629:
573:
in 30 BCE, where it formed a separate unit within his kingdom; and Cosgabar, the governor of
5391:
Panchenko, Constantine A. (24 August 2021). "The "Dark Age" of Middle Eastern Monasticism".
3336:
South Coast: 2161-2648 A Multi-lingual Corpus of the Inscriptions from Alexander to Muhammad
9990:
9984:
9530:
9397:
9065:
9045:
9040:
9002:
8925:
8837:
8745:
8697:
8675:
8562:
8270:
8176:
8142:
8117:
7954:
7723:
7505:
7189:
7129:
6135:
5982:
5467:
Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500
4825:
4462:
4238:
2616:
2594:
2583:
2368:
2224:
2011:
1933:
1902:
1886:
1878:
1788:
1758:
until his death in 1742. In the 1750s, local Bedouin tribes disposed of the plunder from a
1434:
1188:
1058:
1045:
948:
609:
416:
364:
split around 930 BCE, the territory of the Philistines, including Gaza, became part of the
153:
5660:"Dressing up Domination as 'Cooperation': The Case of Israeli-Palestinian Water Relations"
2709:
1143:
by the Arab tribes of the area. Gaza apparently recovered by the 9th century according to
533:, were killed and their city destroyed by Jannaeus when Aretas did not come to their aid.
8:
10053:
10015:
9861:
8753:
8734:
8534:
8186:
8061:
7625:
7495:
7255:
6800:
6477:
6472:
6423:
6347:
6247:
6120:
6043:
4395:
2954:
2572:
1986:
1926:
1574:
or the "Province of Damascus". In that time, the majority of the Christian population of
1426:
1314:
1013:
982:
777:
748:
448:
392:
388:
245:
territory, serving as a fort, and by 1650 BCE, while Egypt was occupied by the Canaanite
230:
222:
157:
66:
4908:"Report of the detailed findings of the Commission of Inquiry on the 2014 Gaza Conflict"
4489:
2762:. Freiburg / Göttingen: Universitätsverlag / Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. p. 85–86.
148:
Gaza experienced destructive earthquakes in 1903 and 1914. In 1917, during World War I,
10272:
10232:
10104:
9175:
9122:
8832:
8822:
8637:
8452:
8102:
7758:
7751:
7390:
7219:
6712:
6110:
5811:
5692:
5684:
5620:
4996:
2934:
2285:
2173:
2142:. This was implemented in 1994, and Israeli forces withdrew from Gaza, leaving the new
2038:, speaking at the inauguration ceremony of the Gaza municipal council, 26 November 1956
2006:
1784:
1253:
1192:
1025:
1017:
952:
936:
703:
693:
522:
478:
9422:
5126:
5100:
5022:
2130:
In September 1993, after the First Intifada, leaders of Israel and the PLO signed the
1885:
When World War I erupted in 1917, British forces were defeated by the Ottomans in the
1605:. Mustafa died a short while later and his son Ridwan Pasha, who was the treasurer of
10311:
10267:
10262:
10257:
10237:
10119:
10094:
9802:
9277:
9208:
9132:
8783:
7795:
7718:
7574:
7569:
7500:
7199:
7194:
7179:
7139:
7134:
7100:
7036:
6810:
6557:
6257:
6196:
6186:
6130:
5992:
5987:
5972:
5770:
5749:
5725:
5696:
5644:
5601:
5590:
5569:
5550:
5516:
5489:
5447:
5426:
5398:
5365:
5341:
5331:
5317:
5299:
5287:
5256:
5232:
5188:
4992:
4887:
4797:
4721:
4523:
4468:
4429:
4367:
4294:
4244:
3755:
3663:
3574:
3472:
3425:
3374:
3340:
3306:
3216:
3160:
3150:
3088:
3042:
2926:
2763:
2698:
2679:
2296:
1948:
1922:
1467:
1430:
1353:
1341:
990:
920:
897:
768:
decided to separate it from pagan Gaza in 331, giving Maiuma city rights and its own
682:
498:
482:
424:
404:
400:
342:). Some scholars speculate that the Philistines were descendants of the Caphtorites.
238:
126:
118:
86:
82:
27:
10321:
10306:
10296:
10242:
10129:
10099:
10073:
9903:
9681:
9644:
9213:
9170:
8757:
8248:
8152:
7926:
7908:
7903:
7876:
7812:
7544:
7510:
7490:
7214:
7056:
7001:
6805:
6451:
6392:
6342:
6252:
6161:
6140:
6105:
6064:
6012:
5676:
5178:
4173:
4169:
3413:
2918:
2228:
2101:
2035:
1764:
1668:
1649:
1637:
1511:
1388:
1021:
901:
824:
796:
744:
732:
in 310, was arrested along with about 30 other Christians, and condemned to death.
625:
621:
526:
365:
206:
173:
110:
78:
54:
18:
This article is about the history of Gaza City. For history of the Gaza Strip, see
4577:
3231:
2471:
The Chronology of Tell el-Ajjul, Gaza: stratigraphy, Thera, pumice and radiocarbon
1260:
apparently refortified the city, but the walls were dismantled as a result of the
10277:
10252:
10247:
10144:
10139:
10134:
10084:
9444:
9335:
8722:
8376:
8280:
8260:
8147:
8005:
7315:
7149:
6893:
6722:
6612:
6502:
6002:
5921:
5743:
5479:
5392:
5359:
5250:
5246:
5226:
4514:
Ramzy Baroud; Kathleen Christison; Bill Christison; Jennifer Loewenstein (2006).
4336:
4160:
Shlaim, Avi (1990), "The rise and fall of the All-Palestine Government in Gaza",
3698:
3657:
3568:
3368:
3334:
3300:
3246:
3082:
2984:
Exhibition: Gaza at the crossroads of civilisations (April 27 to October 7, 2007)
2162:
1664:
1571:
1521:
1441:
1415:
1261:
1248:
1236:
1220:
1208:
1191:, also to be seen is the monument for the Khalif Umar." The Arabic-language poet
1062:
889:
800:
773:
736:
713:
562:
361:
298:
Egyptian direct rule ended in the 12th century BCE, when Gaza was settled by the
101:
62:
46:
was ruled, destroyed and repopulated by various dynasties, empires, and peoples.
5505:"The Second Intifada: Background and Causes of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict"
2648:
2150:, the PA chose Gaza as its first provincial headquarters. The newly established
1827:
Gaza was culturally dominated by neighboring Egypt from the early 19th century;
1799:
1466:(hospital), and a castle. In late 1332, coinciding with the appointment of Emir
939:. One of the goods the city exported between the fourth and seventh century was
10165:
10065:
9898:
9655:
9565:
9525:
9505:
9357:
9297:
8394:
8255:
8157:
7934:
7647:
7554:
7072:
6861:
6856:
6727:
6672:
6171:
6059:
5894:
5889:
5461:
5379:
5202:
5049:"Many Gaza residents remain trapped in the north after short evacuation window"
4746:
4199:
2108:
2077:
1894:
1860:
1622:
1542:
1514:, who would later become sultan in 1453. During his sultanate, in 1455, Inal's
1487:
1395:
1172:
1144:
1106:, though their worship and trade continued, as noted in the writings of bishop
974:
836:
729:
589:
542:
420:
372:
282:
149:
142:
138:
6398:
Destruction of cultural heritage during the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip
5719:
5680:
1847:
destruction, just barely after the city began to recover from the plague. The
1640:
succeeded him and governed Gaza for thirty years, sometimes incorporating the
1179:, whereby the Fatimids would control Gaza and the land south of it, including
859:, and its southern boundary is unknown, but Gaza's jurisdiction did not reach
463:, who were sympathetic to Alexander's rule. He then organized the city into a
156:
the city. Gaza grew significantly in the first half of the 20th century under
10338:
10181:
9970:
9814:
9580:
9439:
8040:
7800:
7741:
7630:
7184:
7124:
7061:
6960:
6933:
6913:
6908:
6866:
6732:
6701:
6562:
6482:
6462:
6380:
6069:
5977:
5956:
5936:
5931:
5899:
5540:
5520:
3235:
2930:
2300:
2249:
2147:
2089:
1981:
was in control of Gaza and the surrounding area, that came to be called the
1952:
1941:
1867:
1852:
1768:
1711:
1645:
1633:
1525:
1491:
1407:
1302:
1272:
1244:
1119:
1082:
1078:
1005:
816:
769:
752:
717:
550:
529:
against him. The inhabitants, who had hoped for help from the Nabataean king
474:
278:
234:
214:
202:
194:
97:
77:. The area changed hands regularly between two Greek successor-kingdoms, the
32:
9570:
2107:
In December 1987, an uprising began in the occupied territories, called the
1618:
10069:
10061:
9782:
9776:
9650:
9633:
9609:
9540:
9476:
9287:
9255:
9180:
8687:
8132:
7620:
6945:
6903:
6851:
6825:
6717:
6662:
6627:
6572:
6272:
5926:
5884:
5863:
5739:
5634:
4604:
3643:
3545:
3409:
2131:
2062:
2058:
1873:
1751:
1716:
1699:
1694:
1546:
1373:
1322:
1223:. He also had the Great Mosque converted into the Cathedral of Saint John.
1199:. Another poet, Abu Ishaq Ibrahim al-Ghazzi, was born in the city in 1049.
1184:
1176:
916:
709:
689:
566:
546:
323:
307:
106:
93:
5252:
Rediscovering Palestine: Merchants and Peasants in Jabal Nablus, 1700-1900
3659:
Christian-Muslim Relations. A Bibliographical History. Volume 2 (900-1050)
819:
commissioned the construction of a church atop the ruins of the temple of
9933:
9844:
9834:
9690:
9619:
9550:
9545:
9377:
8127:
7066:
6955:
6950:
6923:
6878:
6742:
6677:
6582:
6532:
6512:
6467:
6457:
6074:
5941:
5911:
5275:
Gaza: A City of Many Battles (from the family of Noah to the Present Day)
5153:"PM Netanyahu's Speech in the Knesset Session in Memory of Yitzhak Rabin"
4519:
4290:
3845:
3710:
3441:
2188:
2043:
1999:
1994:
1956:
1780:
1561:
1553:
1495:
1456:
1429:
ruled Mamlakat Ghazzah between 1307 and 1310, during the second reign of
1306:
1294:
1289:
1268:
1129:
924:
864:
646:
331:
266:
117:
temples between 396 and 420 AD. Gaza was conquered by the Muslim general
58:
5688:
855:. Its northern municipal border was marked by Wadi al-Hesi, just before
10089:
10021:
10002:
9819:
9587:
9495:
9417:
9327:
9282:
9185:
8552:
8435:
United States security assistance to the Palestinian National Authority
8399:
8122:
7868:
7698:
7584:
6970:
6737:
6637:
6632:
6492:
6487:
6332:
6314:
6206:
5485:
History of the city of Gaza: from the earliest times to the present day
5313:
Governing Gaza: Bureaucracy, Authority, and the Work of Rule, 1917-1967
3622:
2938:
2906:
2541:, Studium Biblicum Franciscanum – Jerusalem, 2000-12-19, archived from
2373:
2260:
1982:
1687:
1678:
1594:
1586:
1462:
1402:
accounted to Gaza the cities and towns of Ascalon, Jaffa, Caesarea and
1171:
from Egypt started to grow, leading to a slow decline of the city. The
1133:
852:
840:
740:
477:
took root in Gaza which gained a reputation as a flourishing center of
470:
423:
established a trading post in Gaza. The first coins were minted on the
357:
311:
303:
299:
4133:"This is where war always ends, said the gardener of Gaza's graveyard"
2168:
1344:
encamped in Gaza for fifty days while on a march against the Mongols.
497:
In the 1st century BCE and the first half of that century, it was the
10149:
10079:
10007:
9945:
9938:
9913:
9849:
9829:
9824:
9695:
9666:
9560:
9520:
9382:
8557:
7677:
7589:
7564:
6833:
6769:
6597:
6542:
6522:
6497:
6211:
6181:
5834:
5616:
5364:. Translated by Ethel Broido. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
5355:
5284:
Cities of the Middle East and North Africa: A Historical Encyclopedia
5184:
Cities of the Middle East and North Africa: A Historical Encyclopedia
4962:
Bhandari, Aditi; Dutta, Prasanta Kumar; Zafra, Mariano (2023-10-13).
4467:. Institute for Palestine Studies USA, Incorporated. pp. xxiii.
3239:
2284:
of 1.1 million people in the northern Gaza Strip. Soon after, Israel
2135:
1683:
1419:
1318:
1227:
1107:
1066:
1041:
940:
697:
666:
613:
578:
530:
518:
502:
396:
376:
353:
273:
completed his victory over the Hyksos by conquering their stronghold
197:
in 2017. It was inhabited between roughly 3300 BCE and 2400/2350 BCE.
57:
for roughly 350 years before being conquered and becoming one of the
43:
9738:
9714:
4964:"Israeli military orders Gazans to leave northern half of territory"
2922:
2469:
1767:, the rebellious Mamluk sultan of Egypt, sent troops to Gaza to aid
704:
Christianisation in Late Roman-Byzantine transition; Gaza and Maiuma
654:
10036:
9996:
9808:
9794:
9638:
9598:
9592:
9346:
9340:
9292:
8071:
7106:
Israeli razing of cemeteries and necroviolence against Palestinians
6602:
6577:
6547:
5586:
Middle East and Africa: International Dictionary of Historic Places
4516:
The Second Palestinian Intifada: A Chronicle of a People's Struggle
4434:
4386:
4287:
The PLO: The Rise and Fall of the Palestine Liberation Organization
3618:
3471:, Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, p. 24,
2192:
1913:
1727:
1653:
1626:
1610:
1602:
1585:
An early governor of Gaza Sanjak was Kara Shahin Mustafa, a former
1507:
1411:
1356:
instituted Gaza as the capital of the province that bore its name,
1216:
1168:
1148:
1033:
994:
912:
876:
856:
808:
804:
617:
570:
486:
408:
274:
270:
122:
8405:
Committee for the Propagation of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice
1391:, but the plot was detected and crushed before being carried out.
888:
Around 540, Gaza became the starting point for pilgrimages to the
281:, it is mentioned on the Syrian-Egyptian caravan route and in the
205:, a site located south of the present-day city, which began as an
10124:
9923:
9755:
9724:
9662:
9614:
9535:
9471:
9407:
9402:
9362:
9352:
9190:
9127:
8567:
7839:
6965:
6888:
6883:
6642:
6607:
6587:
6537:
5916:
5394:
Arabic Christianity between the Ottoman Levant and Eastern Europe
5282:
Dumper, Michael; Stanley, Bruce E.; Abu-Lughod, Janet L. (2007).
5127:"What is South Africa's genocide case against Israel at the ICJ?"
4631:"Light at the End of Their Tunnels? Hamas and the Arab Uprisings"
4317:
3149:
Baldwin, Barry; Kazhdan, Alexander (1991). "Mark the Deacon". In
2139:
1772:
1672:
1621:
in that order, he successfully led an Ottoman contingent against
1575:
1516:
1476:
1446:
1369:
1310:
1240:
1164:
1090:
1086:
650:
633:
514:
460:
335:
327:
237:
began to arise inland along the Wadi Ghazza riverbed. During the
218:
130:
74:
7326:
Societal breakdown in the Gaza Strip during the Israel–Hamas war
3084:
Constantine and the Cities Imperial Authority and Civic Politics
2134:, allowing Palestinian administration of the Gaza Strip and the
314:, a league of the Philistines' five most important city-states.
201:
Settlement in the region of Gaza dates back to 3300–3000 BCE at
10109:
10041:
10031:
10026:
9965:
9960:
9872:
9839:
9765:
9719:
9700:
9628:
9555:
9500:
9490:
9486:
9456:
9450:
9427:
9317:
9312:
9302:
9261:
7834:
6918:
6707:
6667:
6592:
6527:
6507:
5946:
5792:
4851:"Citing past failures, Hamas demands an enforceable cease-fire"
4774:"Palestinians: Mother, 4 children killed in IDF Gaza offensive"
3417:
3332:
3087:. University of Pennsylvania Press, Incorporated. p. 131.
2076:
Israeli soldiers and Palestinian protesters in Gaza during the
1776:
1747:
1706:, but when Ibrahim was killed during an expedition against the
1590:
1566:
1503:
1480:
1451:
1326:
1183:. By the 985 CE, while under Fatimid rule, the Arab geographer
1037:
986:
944:
820:
674:
670:
662:
574:
412:
346:
262:
258:
246:
242:
210:
134:
50:
8978:
Foreign Affairs Minister of the Palestinian National Authority
3159:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. p. 1302.
2328:
2042:
Gaza was invaded and occupied by Israel in 1967 following the
1275:
neighborhood—the first extension of Gaza beyond the Old City.
1235:
withdrew Gaza's Templars to assist him against an Egypt-based
360:
in the early 11th century BCE. When the biblically postulated
345:
Gaza is also mentioned in the Hebrew Bible as the place where
9975:
9955:
9950:
9928:
9878:
9854:
9760:
9748:
9743:
9708:
9685:
9604:
9575:
9510:
9466:
9412:
9392:
9114:
8763:
8572:
8477:
8472:
8191:
6975:
6873:
6567:
6552:
6517:
6283:
5906:
5214:
The Journal of Faculty of Arts Alexandria University (BFALEX)
5207:"The Egyptian expansion in the near east in the Saite period"
3570:
Islamic Societies to the Nineteenth Century: A Global History
3445:
3437:
3429:
3421:
2280:
it. In preparation for a ground invasion, Israel ordered the
2204:
2196:
2066:
1978:
1937:
1759:
1707:
1667:, in a series of battles. He was later appointed Governor of
1657:
1614:
1606:
1557:
1403:
1377:
1368:
in the south, extending in the east to the western slopes of
1365:
1337:
1330:
1180:
1152:
1103:
998:
978:
872:
868:
860:
692:
at some point after the reign of Gordian III, possibly under
678:
597:
593:
582:
506:
465:
379:
are believed to have prophesied that Gaza would be deserted.
339:
114:
5803:
4743:"From 'Shield' to 'Edge': How Israel names its military ops"
1536:
851:
Gaza is depicted on the 6th-century mosaic map known as the
419:
unsuccessfully attacked Gaza and later, around 520 BCE, the
9908:
9883:
9732:
9676:
9671:
9461:
9434:
9387:
9367:
9307:
8953:
5546:
The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: A Corpus
3269:, Studium Biblicum Franciscanum – Jerusalem, archived from
2714:
1721:
1660:
1124:
1029:
905:
685:(132–136 CE), Jewish captives were sold as slaves in Gaza.
658:
510:
455:
5766:
An Ottoman Century: The District of Jerusalem in the 1600s
5566:
Asylia: Territorial Inviolability in the Hellenistic World
5075:"U.S. aid official says famine has begun in northern Gaza"
4771:
4107:, Middle East Research Information Project, archived from
3367:
Bitton-Ashkelony, Brouria; Kofsky, Aryeh (February 2006).
2314:
2303:
of Palestinians in Gaza during the war, with South Africa
2214:
2005:
Upon the withdrawal of Israeli forces, Egyptian president
1985:. Gaza's growing population was augmented by an influx of
1360:, lit. the Governorate of Gaza. This province covered the
997:
visited the city more than once before being a prophet of
382:
9770:
4671:"REAL STORIES, REAL LIVES – WHAT THE GAZA BLOCKADE MEANS"
4573:
3754:. Leiden / New York / Cologne: Brill. pp. xii–xiii.
3751:
Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palestinae. Volume One: A
3433:
2207:. However, these tensions continued, and culminated in a
1746:
In 1723, the Ottomans appointed Salih Pasha Tuqan of the
1381:
1313:
subsequently drove the Mongols out of the city and again
7078:
Archaeological sites destroyed during the Gaza genocide
6403:
Archaeological sites destroyed during the Gaza genocide
4410:
4104:
Palestine, Israel and the Arab-Israeli Conflict A Primer
3266:
Excerpt in Gaza (1992), pages 75-76)- (Gaza, al -'Azzah)
2851:
2849:
2161:, another Palestinian uprising was launched, called the
285:
as "ḫazzatu". Gaza was in Egyptian hands for 350 years.
160:. The population of the city swelled as a result of the
5281:
4772:
Harel, Amos; Yanir Yagna; Yoav Stern (3 January 2009).
6443:
Territory acquired during Israel's war of independence
4218:
3523:
3521:
3366:
1810:
The Holy Land, Syria, Idumea, Arabia, Egypt, and Nubia
1601:, although he was deposed three years later by Sultan
973:
There were already converts to Islam among the city's
612:, Gaza is mentioned as being on the desert route from
5224:
4993:"IDF chief: Israeli forces have Gaza city surrounded"
4838:"Israel's Gaza toll far lower than Palestinian tally"
4243:. Institute for Palestine Studies USA, Incorporated.
2846:
1775:, helping him check the power of the Ottomans in the
1625:
in 1579. The sultan then awarded him the province of
435:
5101:"Gaza Strip in maps: How life has changed Published"
3298:
2739:
2486:
1794:
803:. In 402, after obtaining a decree from the emperor
5023:"Israel's Gaza withdrawal hints at what comes next"
3518:
2727:
525:besieged the city for a year, which had sided with
481:learning and philosophy. Belonging at first to the
168:. Gaza became a center of confrontation during the
4961:
4937:"Israel-Gaza war in maps and charts: Live tracker"
4315:Innocent Palestinians in Remote Desert in Sinai,'
4126:
4124:
3215:New Haven: Yale University Press, 1984, pp. 86–89
3041:. Oxford University Press. pp. XVIII, 31–33.
2678:. London / New York: Routledge. pp. 555–559.
2154:held its inaugural session in Gaza in March 1996.
184:
4570:"Hamas controls Gaza, says it will stay in power"
3469:The Jews of Arab Lands: A History and Source Book
2414:Filfil, Rania; Louton, Barbara (September 2008).
1167:ruled Gaza, and around 909, the influence of the
241:, Tell as-Sakan was the southernmost locality in
85:of Egypt, until it was besieged and taken by the
73:learning and philosophy, was resettled by nearby
10336:
5177:
3299:Grillmeier, Alois; Hainthaler, Theresia (1975).
1301:Ayyubid rule virtually ended in 1260, after the
556:
407:was defeated by the Egyptian army under pharaoh
302:, a seafaring people with cultural links to the
109:in the city was spearheaded and completed under
7823:Proposed Israeli resettlement of the Gaza Strip
5225:Bitton-Askeloni, Bruria; Kofsky, Arieh (2004).
4713:
4121:
3035:"1. Prologue: From Constantine to Abd al-Malik"
3005:"Gaza Still Standing: A Historical Perspective"
2146:(PA) to administer and police the city. Led by
1347:
811:, replacing persecution of the Christians with
10211:
5745:Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae, G
5709:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of August 2024 (
5418:
4490:"Rising of the oppressed: the second Intifada"
4155:
4153:
3944:
3942:
3940:
3938:
3148:
2165:. Gaza again became an area of confrontation.
1738:dwindled after they were removed from office.
1506:. The plot was detected, Safawi was exiled to
923:, who greatly influenced Byzantine and Slavic
813:persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire
751:. The official recognition of Christianity by
10197:
9241:
8087:
6299:
5819:
5611:
4230:
4067:
4065:
4063:
4061:
3928:
3926:
3394:
2986:. Art and History Museum, Geneva, Switzerland
2114:
639:
603:
352:According to biblical accounts, Gaza fell to
53:settlement, it came under the control of the
31:The Old Town of Gaza (1862–1863). Picture by
7764:Walkley Book Award #The Palestine Laboratory
7683:Environmental impact of the Israel–Hamas war
6692:
4454:
4033:
4031:
3289:Bitton-Ashkelony and Kofsky, 2004, pp.43-46.
2416:"The Other Face of Gaza: The Gaza Continuum"
2413:
1917:Gaza after surrender to British forces, 1918
1077:Gaza was placed under the administration of
61:' principal cities. Gaza became part of the
4883:The 51 Day War: Ruin and Resistance in Gaza
4822:"Hamas, Israel set independent cease-fires"
4460:
4236:
4185:
4183:
4150:
3958:
3956:
3954:
3935:
2630:Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins
2627:
1636:, 'the Pasha's castle'. Ridwan Pasha's son
1433:until the latter was briefly overthrown by
789:
588:The establishment of the Roman province of
492:
10204:
10190:
9248:
9234:
8094:
8080:
6306:
6292:
5826:
5812:
5762:
5460:
4879:
4487:
4200:"Six-Day War – Middle East [1967]"
4058:
3923:
3573:. Cambridge University Press. p. 70.
3489:
3487:
3198:
3196:
3194:
3192:
3190:
3188:
3117:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3065:
2907:"Towards a Study of the Roman Slave Trade"
2818:
2816:
2814:
2812:
2810:
2757:
1741:
1202:
1072:
7818:Israeli disengagement from the Gaza Strip
7407:Deir al-Balah Municipality Public Library
7130:Great Mosque of Gaza (Great Omari Mosque)
6359:Israeli occupation of the Sinai Peninsula
5983:Great Mosque of Gaza (Great Omari Mosque)
5390:
4790:
4640:. August 14, 2012. p. 38, note 283.
4544:"Hamas, Fatah Reach Accord on Government"
4040:
4028:
3832:
3830:
3773:
3771:
3734:
3732:
3730:
3728:
3258:
3256:
3254:
3205:
2977:"Gaza at the crossroads of civilisations"
2974:
2888:
2886:
2884:
2882:
2288:the city, occupying it for eight months.
2172:Map of the Gaza Strip in May 2005. Major
1686:with Gaza in the background, painting by
1556:(District of Gaza), which stretched from
1537:Early Ottoman rule and the Ridwan dynasty
930:
5502:
5419:Husseini, Rafiq; Barnea, Tamara (2002).
4416:
4180:
3951:
3828:
3826:
3824:
3822:
3820:
3818:
3816:
3814:
3812:
3810:
3683:
3603:
3511:
3509:
3507:
3505:
3503:
3501:
3499:
3466:
3178:
3176:
3130:Bitton-Ashkelony and Kofsky, 2004, p.45.
2870:
2531:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2523:
2521:
2409:
2407:
2405:
2403:
2259:
2167:
2125:
2084:In 1971, the IDF destroyed parts of the
2071:
2029:
1912:
1872:
1863:had the wells of Gaza restored in 1893.
1815:
1798:
1677:
1564:in the east and Rafah in the south. The
1288:
1285:List of governors of Gaza § Mamluks
1158:
1139:In 796 the city was laid waste during a
439:
188:
26:
8244:Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon
8197:Palestinian Declaration of Independence
7516:Turkish-Palestinian Friendship Hospital
6376:Gaza Subdistrict in Mandatory Palestine
6146:Turkish-Palestinian Friendship Hospital
5633:
5539:
5309:
5269:
5245:
4740:
3974:
3566:
3560:
3484:
3302:Christ in Christian Tradition Tomos 2-3
3185:
3108:
2911:Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome
2822:
2807:
2800:
2798:
2796:
2794:
2792:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2511:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2503:
2501:
2315:Chronology of the sovereignty over Gaza
2215:Hamas takeover and conflict with Israel
968:
883:
383:Under Assyria, Egypt, Persia, Babylonia
269:powers. For instance, Egyptian pharaoh
10337:
8530:Legal status of the State of Palestine
8030:Hind Rajab and the Hamadeh family (9)
7431:Khan Yunis Municipality Public Library
5738:
5717:
5657:
5563:
5443:Israel and the Palestinian territories
5439:
5378:
5201:
4931:
4929:
4753:from the original on 10 September 2015
4361:
4284:
4224:
4159:
4130:
3768:
3747:
3741:
3725:
3292:
3262:
3251:
3080:
2970:
2968:
2966:
2964:
2962:
2904:
2879:
2855:
2745:
2733:
2724:, Jerusalem, Hamakor, 1970, pp.298–299
2646:
2492:
2157:In 2000, following the failure of the
2094:United Nations Relief and Works Agency
1881:was heavily damaged during World War I
958:
649:. During his visit in 130 CE, Emperor
317:
10185:
9229:
8312:2009 Hamas political violence in Gaza
8075:
6437:Gaza Subdistrict, Mandatory Palestine
6353:Egyptian occupation of the Gaza Strip
6287:
5807:
5503:Pressman, Jeremy (21 February 2006).
5478:
5330:
4647:from the original on 2 September 2012
3807:
3655:
3649:
3496:
3173:
3032:
2900:
2898:
2786:. Cambridge University Press, p. 147.
2673:
2400:
1969:Occupation of the Gaza Strip by Egypt
941:wine, which was grown around the city
724:in 303. The first bishop of Gaza was
430:
252:
8943:Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation
8425:Palestinian National Security Forces
8202:Years in the Palestinian territories
8101:
7304:Capital punishment in the Gaza Strip
7244:Church of Saint Porphyrius airstrike
5582:
5527:from the original on 1 November 2020
5003:from the original on 2 November 2023
4861:from the original on 28 January 2016
4741:Arnaout, Abdel-Raouf (9 July 2014).
4442:from the original on 12 October 2017
3026:
2789:
2498:
1851:was renovated in 1856, and in 1874,
1376:; its major towns to the north were
1297:in Gaza dates from the Mamluk period
716:around 250 CE; first in the port of
592:in 106 CE restored trade links with
505:, whose caravans arrived there from
7616:Yasser Arafat International Airport
7281:Palestinian Centre for Human Rights
6080:Palestinian Centre for Human Rights
6053:Historic buildings and institutions
5640:Palestine: History of a Lost Nation
5354:
4926:
4600:"Hamas battles for control of Gaza"
4502:from the original on 8 January 2015
4385:
4206:from the original on 1 October 2016
3722:Haldimann and Humbert, 2007, p.195.
3646:quoted in le Strange, 1890, p. 442.
3625:quoted in le Strange, 1890, p. 442.
3594:
3567:Lapidus, Ira M. (29 October 2012).
2959:
2467:
2034:The newly appointed mayor of Gaza,
2016:Palestinian Liberation Organization
1962:
1779:. Gaza was briefly occupied by the
839:with a mosaic tile floor depicting
830:
784:
545:after it was incorporated into the
349:was imprisoned and met his death.
13:
10171:Canaanite and Aramaic inscriptions
9256:Ancient states and regions in the
7955:Deif and Al Dalu families (3 + 3)
6940:Cities elsewhere in the Gaza Strip
5568:. University of California Press.
5255:. University of California Press.
5081:from the original on 12 April 2024
4257:from the original on 11 March 2024
4071:Dumper an Abu-Lughod, 2007, p.155.
3848:quoted in le Strange, 1890, p.442.
3713:quoted in le Strange, 1890, p.442.
3701:quoted in le Strange, 1890, p.442.
3548:quoted in le Strange, 1890, p. 39.
3156:The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
2895:
2221:Hamas government in the Gaza Strip
2025:
1908:
1730:and died in prison there in 1663.
1264:agreed upon months later in 1193.
963:
657:. Other temples were dedicated to
436:Alexander, Ptolemies and Seleucids
14:
10361:
8993:International aid to Palestinians
7443:Rafah Municipality Public Library
5785:
4914:from the original on 25 July 2017
4376:, Oxford University Press p. 206.
3400:Yardeni et al., 2014, pp.420-421.
2098:Palestine Liberation Organization
1795:Egyptian rule and Ottoman revival
1531:
1113:
1096:
1004:In 634, Gaza was besieged by the
688:Gaza was awarded the status of a
485:, it passed after 200 BCE to the
306:, following their defeat against
125:wrested control of Gaza from the
10221:
9207:
8988:Diplomatic missions in Palestine
8983:Diplomatic missions of Palestine
8973:Palestine and the United Nations
8056:
8055:
7808:History of the Jews in Gaza City
7704:Israeli unilateral disengagement
7419:Gaza Municipality Public Library
7286:Al Mezan Center for Human Rights
7239:Saint Porphyrius Orthodox Church
7155:Ibrahim al-Maqadma Mosque attack
6452:Ashkelon § State of Israel
6034:Saint Porphyrius Orthodox Church
5791:
5361:A History of Palestine, 634–1099
5228:Christian Gaza In Late Antiquity
5145:
5119:
5093:
5067:
5041:
5015:
4985:
4955:
4900:
4873:
4843:
4831:
4826:Last Israeli troops 'leave Gaza'
4815:
4765:
4734:
4714:Richemond-Barak, Daphné (2018).
4707:
4689:
4663:
4623:
4592:
4562:
4536:
4481:
4422:
4379:
4352:
4343:
4323:
4307:
4278:
4269:
4192:
4131:Wright, Tony (13 October 2023).
4095:
4086:
3213:Christianizing the Roman Empire.
2384:History of the Jews in Gaza City
2321:Occupied Palestinian Territories
2201:Palestinian legislative election
2180:In 2005, Israel implemented its
1278:
896:, including 6th-century scholar
823:in 406. Note that according to
549:in 63 BCE, under the command of
444:Statue of Zeus unearthed in Gaza
129:in 1100, but were driven out by
9481:
8488:Palestinian National Initiative
8430:Palestinian Preventive Security
8372:Palestinian Legislative Council
7309:Capital punishment in Palestine
7275:Palestinian Legislative Council
6155:Recreation and cultural centers
6085:Palestinian Legislative Council
5668:Review of International Studies
4974:from the original on 2023-11-11
4612:from the original on 2022-06-30
4074:
4049:
4019:
4010:
4001:
3992:
3983:
3965:
3914:
3905:
3896:
3887:
3878:
3869:
3860:
3851:
3839:
3798:
3789:
3780:
3716:
3704:
3692:
3637:
3628:
3612:
3551:
3539:
3530:
3460:
3451:
3403:
3360:
3326:
3283:
3225:
3142:
3133:
3124:
3074:
2997:
2948:
2861:
2823:Doughty, Dick (November 2006).
2776:
2751:
2703:
2692:
2667:
2640:
2621:
2610:
2599:
1993:, an entity established by the
1921:After the First World War, the
1051:
536:
310:. It then became a part of the
185:Tell es-Sakan and Tell el-Ajjul
8708:Palestinian citizens of Israel
8520:Palestinian political violence
7521:2024 Gaza Strip polio epidemic
7321:Police in the Israel–Hamas war
6994:Governorates of the Gaza Strip
6313:
5549:. Cambridge University Press.
5425:. Greenwood Publishing Group.
4880:Blumenthal, Max (2015-06-30).
4576:. 14 June 2007. Archived from
4430:"Arabs seek to isolate Israel"
4391:"The Peril of Forgetting Gaza"
4174:10.1525/jps.1990.20.1.00p0044q
3263:Donner, Herbert (2000-12-19),
2588:
2577:
2566:
2555:
2461:
2437:
2309:International Court of Justice
2233:After Hamas' takeover, Israel
1901:, finally conquered Gaza in a
1520:(executive secretary) had the
1120:Muhammad ibn Idris ash-Shafi'i
985:, who later became the second
900:or the ecclesiastic historian
681:. With the suppression of the
293:
1:
10350:History of Palestine (region)
8387:Gaza Strip (Hamas-controlled)
7830:LGBT rights in the Gaza Strip
5833:
5488:. Columbia University Press.
4349:Karmi and Cotran, 1999, p.33.
3081:Lenski, Noel (January 2016).
2784:The Cambridge Ancient History
2182:unilateral disengagement plan
1754:to govern Gaza and two other
1418:) to the south; Bayt Jibrin,
1081:("District of Palestine") of
557:Herod; First Roman-Jewish war
179:
10213:History of the Middle East
9423:Kingdom of Upper Mesopotamia
8665:Palestine Monetary Authority
8367:Palestinian National Council
8328:Hamas-Jund Ansar Allah clash
7580:Rashad Shawa Cultural Center
7260:elsewhere in the Gaza Strip:
6202:Rashad Shawa Cultural Center
4828:, BBC News, 21 January 2009.
4162:Journal of Palestine Studies
3071:Yardeni et al., 2014, p.419.
2825:"Gaza: Contested Crossroads"
2394:
2152:Palestinian National Council
2048:Israeli Military Governorate
1927:British Mandate of Palestine
1820:Ghuzzeh (Gaza), painting by
1348:Gaza Governorate (est. 1293)
846:
170:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
7:
8658:Water supply and sanitation
8515:Palestinian right of return
8172:History of the Palestinians
7995:Bibas family (unconfirmed)
7971:Killing of Rouzan al-Najjar
7904:Rachel Corrie § Death
7251:Holy Family Catholic Church
6786:Izz Ad Din Al Qassam Street
6238:Izz Ad Din Al Qassam Street
6039:Holy Family Catholic Church
5509:Journal of Conflict Studies
5386:. Librairie Arthéme Fayard.
5340:. Oxford University Press.
4720:. Oxford University Press.
3662:. BRILL. pp. 618–622.
3370:The Monastic School of Gaza
3339:. De Gruyter. p. 427.
3232:King David playing the Lyre
3039:Palestine in Late Antiquity
2905:Harris, William V. (1980).
2676:The Ancient Israelite World
2362:
2264:Destroyed buildings in Gaza
2057:(IDF) under the command of
2020:Palestinian Liberation Army
1593:and trusted aide of Sultan
1226:In 1154, the Arab traveler
735:With reorganization of the
541:Gaza was rebuilt by consul
288:
233:. An urban center known as
10:
10366:
8843:Postage stamps and history
8349:West Bank (SOP-controlled)
7655:Blockade of the Gaza Strip
7550:Bisan City tourist village
7540:Gaza Museum of Archaeology
6371:All-Palestine Protectorate
6192:Gaza Museum of Archaeology
5472:Palestine Exploration Fund
5384:A History of Ancient Egypt
5181:; Dumper, Michael (2007).
5170:
4638:International Crisis Group
4488:Ruth Tenne (Autumn 2007).
4275:Feldman, 2008, pp.226–227.
2975:Remondino (June 5, 2007).
2647:Wimmer, Stefan J. (2022).
2318:
2248:In 2014, Israel initiated
2218:
2118:
2115:Palestinian administration
1966:
1849:Church of Saint Porphyrius
1580:monastery of St. Catherine
1282:
640:Culture and administration
604:In the New Testament: Acts
427:model around 420–410 BCE.
113:, who destroyed its eight
17:
10228:
10219:
10158:
10052:
9793:
9326:
9268:
9203:
9163:
9113:
9106:
9001:
8963:
8883:
8778:universities and colleges
8673:
8613:
8543:
8457:International recognition
8443:
8417:
8385:
8347:
8340:
8320:
8297:
8289:Dawson's Field hijackings
8279:
8219:
8212:
8110:
8053:
7885:
7858:
7854:
7783:
7779:
7734:
7691:
7670:
7643:Egypt-Palestine relations
7606:
7529:
7470:
7399:
7355:
7342:Economy of the Gaza Strip
7334:
7294:
7267:
7228:
7114:
7093:
7049:
6992:
6988:
6796:Jamal Abdel Nasser Street
6759:
6755:
6688:
6422:
6325:
6321:
6243:Jamal Abdel Nasser Street
6225:
6154:
6094:Health care and education
6093:
6052:
6026:
5965:
5872:
5841:
5681:10.1017/S026021050300007X
5397:. BRILL. pp. 33–36.
5316:. Duke University Press.
4798:"Gaza conflict: Timeline"
4137:The Sydney Morning Herald
3467:Stillman, Norman (1979),
2538:Gaza – (Gaza, al -'Azzah)
1973:At the conclusion of the
1629:, where he died in 1585.
1570:was a part of the larger
712:in Gaza was initiated by
356:rule during the reign of
20:History of the Gaza Strip
8938:Palestine–Israel Journal
6821:Unknown Soldier's Square
6653:al-Sawafir al-Shamaliyya
6366:All-Palestine Government
6268:Unknown Soldier's Square
5589:. Taylor & Francis.
5564:Rigsby, Kent J. (1997).
4840:. Reuters, 26 March 2009
4285:Becker, Jillian (2014).
3305:. Mowbrays. p. 15.
3014:. This Week in Palestine
2389:
1991:All-Palestine Government
1857:Charles Clermont-Ganneau
1595:Suleiman the Magnificent
1267:According to geographer
790:Pagan–Christian tensions
722:Diocletianic Persecution
493:Nabateans and Hasmoneans
387:When Canaan fell to the
8948:Palestinian Media Watch
8932:The Palestine Telegraph
8321:Hamas-Salafist conflict
8239:1948 Palestinian exodus
8234:1947–1949 Palestine war
8182:Palestinian nationalism
7478:Gaza Ministry of Health
7172:Shaykh Zakariyya Mosque
6841:Gaza City neighborhoods
6658:al-Sawafir al-Sharqiyya
6648:al-Sawafir al-Gharbiyya
6018:Shaykh Zakariyya Mosque
5718:Shahin, Mariam (2005).
5683:(inactive 2024-08-27).
5625:. Vol. 2. Boston:
5440:Jacobs, Daniel (1998).
5310:Feldman, Ilana (2008).
4495:International Socialism
3971:Dowling 1913, pp. 70-71
3911:Panchenko, 2021, p. 36.
3457:Filiu, 2014, pp. 18–19.
3121:Meyer, 1907, pp. 59-61.
3012:thisweekinpalestine.com
1742:Decay after the Ridwans
1352:In 1293, Qalawun's son
1203:Crusader/Ayyubid period
1073:Administrative district
1012:, with assistance from
757:First Council of Nicaea
10016:Luwian-Aramaean states
8740:Costume and embroidery
8693:Palestinian Christians
8014:Nahida and Samar Anton
7791:Palestinian Christians
7660:Gaza smuggling tunnels
7560:Faisal Equestrian Club
7210:Sayed al-Hashim Mosque
7205:Katib al-Wilaya Mosque
7162:Sayed al-Hashim Mosque
7145:Katib al-Wilaya Mosque
6623:al-Masmiyya al-Saghira
6177:Faisal Equestrian Club
6008:Sayed al-Hashim Mosque
5998:Katib al-Wilaya Mosque
5748:. Vol. 4. BRILL.
5627:Crocker & Brewster
4189:Feldman, 2008, pp.8–9.
3857:Meyer, 1907, pp.90–91.
3748:Sharon, Moshe (1997).
3738:Meyer, 1907, pp.85-86.
3182:Meyer, 1907, pp.63–64.
3033:Sivan, Hagith (2008).
2829:This Week in Palestine
2420:This Week in Palestine
2379:List of rulers of Gaza
2305:initiating proceedings
2286:surrounded and invaded
2276:on the Gaza Strip and
2265:
2177:
2159:2000 Camp David Summit
2081:
2039:
1918:
1882:
1824:
1813:
1690:
1414:(in north-central the
1298:
1233:Amalric I of Jerusalem
931:Economy; wine industry
743:, Gaza became part of
636:in some nearby water.
445:
198:
35:
9867:Neo-Babylonian Empire
9451:Canaanite city-states
7771:World Central Kitchen
7747:Gaza Freedom Flotilla
7714:2023 Israeli invasion
7636:Kerem Shalom crossing
7486:Al-Ahli Arab Hospital
7455:Samir Mansour Library
7347:Taxation in Palestine
6899:Al-Shati refugee camp
6618:al-Masmiyya al-Kabira
6386:Beersheba Subdistrict
6101:Al-Ahli Arab Hospital
5763:Ze'evi, Dror (1996).
5480:Meyer, Martin Abraham
4855:america.aljazeera.com
4824:, CNN International;
4358:Feldman, 2008, p.228.
4055:Robinson, 1841, p.38.
4046:Robinson, 1841, p.39.
4037:Robinson, 1841, p.37.
4025:Doumani, 1995, p.102.
3875:Sharon, 2009, p. 162.
3804:Sharon, 2009, p. 101.
3609:Dowling, 1913, p. 37.
2263:
2171:
2144:Palestinian Authority
2126:Palestinian Authority
2121:Palestinian Authority
2086:Al-Shati refugee camp
2075:
2055:Israel Defense Forces
2046:. Israel created the
2033:
1975:1948 Arab–Israeli War
1916:
1891:second Battle of Gaza
1876:
1829:Muhammad Ali of Egypt
1819:
1802:
1682:Muslims studying the
1681:
1292:
1258:Richard the Lionheart
1159:Tulunids and Fatimids
837:6th-century synagogue
630:Philip the Evangelist
443:
192:
166:1948 Arab–Israeli War
145:in the 16th century.
30:
10345:History of Gaza City
10317:United Arab Emirates
10150:Tanukhid confederacy
9985:New Kingdom of Egypt
8605:World Heritage Sites
8600:Depopulated villages
8299:Fatah–Hamas conflict
8177:Slavery in Palestine
7945:Al-Dalu family (12)
7724:Philadelphi Corridor
7506:Kamal Adwan Hospital
7190:Great Mosque of Gaza
6776:Streets in Gaza City
6136:Kamal Adwan Hospital
5800:at Wikimedia Commons
5798:History of Gaza City
5658:Selby, Jan (2003a).
5583:Ring, Trudy (1996).
4461:Sara M. Roy (2016).
4237:Sara M. Roy (2016).
4092:Feldman, 2008, p.21.
4007:Sabbagh, 2008, p.40.
3989:Doumani, 1995, p.38.
3902:Doumani, 1995, p.35.
3884:Sharon, 2009, p. 166
3786:Sharon, 2009, p. 83.
3527:Sharon, 2009, p. 23.
3373:. Brill. p. 4.
3202:Pringle, 1993, p.208
2876:Dowling, 1913, p.33.
2369:History of Palestine
2225:Gaza-Israel conflict
2012:United Arab Republic
1934:1929 Palestine riots
1879:Great Mosque of Gaza
1822:Charles van de Velde
1803:Painting of Gaza by
1435:Baybars al-Jashnakir
1163:From 868 to 905 the
1128:(schools of law) of
1059:Great Mosque of Gaza
1046:Hashim ibn Abd Manaf
969:Arab Muslim conquest
949:Sidonius Apollinaris
884:Christian golden era
749:Late Roman provinces
624:was explained to an
610:Acts of the Apostles
561:Gaza was granted to
92:Gaza was rebuilt by
9862:Neo-Assyrian Empire
9645:Paleo-Syrian states
9181:Gypsies (Dom/Nawar)
8862:Religious buildings
8535:Anti-Palestinianism
8221:Israeli–Palestinian
8062:Category:Gaza Strip
7626:Gaza-Israel barrier
7496:Al-Rantisi Hospital
7381:Al-Azhar University
7277:(destroyed in 2023)
7256:Gaza Baptist Church
6801:Omar Mukhtar Street
6478:al-Batani al-Sharqi
6473:al-Batani al-Gharbi
6348:Khan Yunis massacre
6248:Omar Mukhtar Street
6226:Streets and squares
6121:Al-Rantisi Hospital
6116:Al-Azhar University
6044:Gaza Baptist Church
5724:. Interlink Books.
5470:. Committee of the
4999:. 2 November 2023.
4717:Underground Warfare
4697:"Rockets from Gaza"
4396:The Harvard Crimson
4016:Meyer, 1907, p.101.
3948:Ze'evi, 1996, p.41.
3932:Ze'evi, 1996, p.40.
3920:Ze'evi, 1996, p.52.
3866:Meyer, 1907, p. 97.
3689:Meyer, 1907, p. 78.
3557:Meyer, 1907, p. 76.
3536:Meyer, 1907, p. 71.
3515:Ring, 1996, p. 289.
3493:Filiu, 2014, p. 19.
3211:MacMullen, Ramsay.
2804:Ring, 1996, p. 287.
2782:Bury, John Bagnell.
2722:The Guide to Israel
2293:humanitarian crisis
1522:Madrasa of Birdibak
1014:Khalid ibn al-Walid
983:Umar ibn al-Khattab
959:Early Muslim period
772:independent of the
628:along this road by
449:Alexander the Great
393:Tiglath-Pileser III
334:from the island of
318:In the Hebrew Bible
231:Early Bronze Age IV
223:Early Bronze Age II
67:Alexander the Great
42:spans 4,000 years.
10105:Herodian Tetrarchy
8453:State of Palestine
7759:Antony Loewenstein
7752:Gaza flotilla raid
7709:Israeli occupation
7391:Al-Aqsa University
7386:Islamic University
7220:Umm al-Nasr Mosque
6781:Ahmad Orabi Street
6233:Ahmad Orabi Street
6126:Islamic University
6111:Al-Aqsa University
5721:Palestine: A Guide
4997:The Jerusalem Post
4335:2012-02-16 at the
4083:Gaza Municipality.
3998:Meyer, 1907, p.100
3980:Meyer 1907, p. 98.
3962:Meyer, 1907, p.98.
3893:Ze'evi, 1996, p.2.
3836:Ring, 1996, p.290.
3795:Meyer, 1907, p.83.
3777:Meyer, 1907, p.87.
3634:Gil, 1992, p. 349.
3600:Gil, 1992, p. 292.
3245:2017-05-17 at the
3151:Kazhdan, Alexander
3139:Meyer, 1907, p.63.
2892:Meyer, 1907, p.58.
2266:
2178:
2082:
2040:
2007:Gamal Abdel Nasser
1919:
1883:
1825:
1814:
1785:Napoleon Bonaparte
1693:'Arab Hasan's son
1691:
1340:. In 1279, Sultan
1299:
1254:Gerard of Ridefort
1193:Sulayman al-Ghazzi
1026:Rashidun Caliphate
1018:Battle of Ajnadayn
953:Isidore of Seville
523:Alexander Jannaeus
446:
431:Hellenistic period
253:Historical outline
209:fortress built in
199:
162:Palestinian exodus
36:
10330:
10329:
10179:
10178:
10120:Nabataean Kingdom
10095:Hasmonean dynasty
10090:Ghassanid Kingdom
9803:Achaemenid Empire
9639:Ib'al Confederacy
9278:Kish civilization
9223:
9222:
9199:
9198:
9133:Afro-Palestinians
8926:Ma'an News Agency
8804:Mental healthcare
8784:Flag of Palestine
8463:Political parties
8413:
8412:
8336:
8335:
8249:First Lebanon War
8069:
8068:
8049:
8048:
7850:
7849:
7796:Palestinian clans
7719:Netzarim Corridor
7575:Palestine Stadium
7570:Al-Andalusia mall
7501:Al-Shifa Hospital
7373:Christian schools
7363:Education in Gaza
7200:Ibn Uthman Mosque
7195:Ibn Marwan Mosque
7180:Abu Khadra Mosque
7140:Ibn Uthman Mosque
7135:Ibn Marwan Mosque
7101:Gaza War Cemetery
7045:
7044:
6984:
6983:
6884:Al-Saha (As-Saha)
6811:Salah al-Din Road
6751:
6750:
6558:Iraq al-Manshiyya
6448:Al-Majdal Asqalan
6418:
6417:
6281:
6280:
6258:Salah al-Din Road
6197:Palestine Stadium
6187:Al-Andalusia mall
6131:Al-Shifa Hospital
6060:Ancient Synagogue
5993:Ibn Uthman Mosque
5988:Ibn Marwan Mosque
5973:Abu Khadra Mosque
5917:Al-Saha (As-Saha)
5796:Media related to
5755:978-90-04-17085-8
5650:978-1-900949-48-4
5453:978-0-8021-4350-1
5404:978-90-04-46583-1
5323:978-0-8223-4240-3
5293:978-1-57607-919-5
5238:978-90-04-13868-1
5194:978-1-57607-919-5
4893:978-1-56858-512-3
4886:. PublicAffairs.
4727:978-0-19-045724-2
4529:978-0-7453-2547-7
4474:978-0-88728-321-5
4368:Jean-Pierre Filiu
4250:978-0-88728-321-5
3669:978-90-04-21618-1
3580:978-0-521-51441-5
3312:978-0-19-921288-0
2769:978-3-525-53907-1
2685:978-1-032-34973-2
1949:Gaza War Cemetery
1923:League of Nations
1838:American scholar
1733:Husayn's brother
1599:Governor of Egypt
1479:) of Syria, Emir
1468:Taynal al-Ashrafi
1460:(caravansary), a
1431:an-Nasir Muhammad
1354:an-Nasir Muhammad
1342:al-Mansur Qalawun
991:Islamic Caliphate
921:Dorotheus of Gaza
898:Procopius of Gaza
894:rhetorical school
683:Bar Kokhba revolt
517:. In 96 BCE, the
483:Ptolemaic kingdom
405:Nebuchadnezzar II
239:Middle Bronze Age
100:, and granted to
81:of Syria and the
55:ancient Egyptians
10357:
10225:
10206:
10199:
10192:
10183:
10182:
10130:Palmyrene Empire
10100:Herodian kingdom
10074:Byzantine Empire
9889:Israel (Samaria)
9250:
9243:
9236:
9227:
9226:
9211:
9111:
9110:
8345:
8344:
8271:Israel–Hamas war
8217:
8216:
8096:
8089:
8082:
8073:
8072:
8059:
8058:
7987:Abu Qouta family
7927:Zeitoun killings
7909:MV Rachel Corrie
7877:Rouzan al-Najjar
7856:
7855:
7813:Israeli settlers
7781:
7780:
7545:Al-Bustan resort
7511:Al-Awda Hospital
7491:Al-Aqsa Hospital
7463:
7451:
7439:
7427:
7415:
7215:Al-Shamah Mosque
7086:
7067:Qissariya Market
7057:Hamam al-Sammara
6990:
6989:
6806:Palestine Square
6757:
6756:
6690:
6689:
6411:
6393:Jerusalem Sanjak
6343:History of Hamas
6323:
6322:
6308:
6301:
6294:
6285:
6284:
6253:Palestine Square
6141:Al-Awda Hospital
6106:Al-Aqsa Hospital
6075:Qissariya Market
6065:Hamam al-Sammara
5828:
5821:
5814:
5805:
5804:
5795:
5780:
5759:
5735:
5714:
5708:
5700:
5664:
5654:
5630:
5600:
5579:
5560:
5536:
5534:
5532:
5499:
5475:
5457:
5446:. Rough Guides.
5436:
5415:
5413:
5411:
5387:
5375:
5351:
5327:
5297:
5278:
5266:
5242:
5221:
5211:
5198:
5165:
5164:
5162:
5160:
5149:
5143:
5142:
5140:
5138:
5123:
5117:
5116:
5114:
5112:
5097:
5091:
5090:
5088:
5086:
5071:
5065:
5064:
5062:
5060:
5045:
5039:
5038:
5036:
5034:
5019:
5013:
5012:
5010:
5008:
4989:
4983:
4982:
4980:
4979:
4959:
4953:
4952:
4950:
4948:
4933:
4924:
4923:
4921:
4919:
4904:
4898:
4897:
4877:
4871:
4870:
4868:
4866:
4847:
4841:
4835:
4829:
4819:
4813:
4812:
4810:
4809:
4794:
4788:
4787:
4785:
4784:
4769:
4763:
4762:
4760:
4758:
4738:
4732:
4731:
4711:
4705:
4704:
4693:
4687:
4686:
4684:
4682:
4667:
4661:
4660:
4654:
4652:
4646:
4635:
4627:
4621:
4620:
4618:
4617:
4608:. 16 June 2007.
4596:
4590:
4589:
4587:
4585:
4566:
4560:
4559:
4557:
4555:
4540:
4534:
4533:
4511:
4509:
4507:
4485:
4479:
4478:
4458:
4452:
4451:
4449:
4447:
4426:
4420:
4414:
4408:
4407:
4405:
4403:
4389:(June 2, 2009).
4383:
4377:
4365:
4359:
4356:
4350:
4347:
4341:
4327:
4321:
4311:
4305:
4304:
4282:
4276:
4273:
4267:
4266:
4264:
4262:
4234:
4228:
4222:
4216:
4215:
4213:
4211:
4196:
4190:
4187:
4178:
4177:
4157:
4148:
4147:
4145:
4143:
4128:
4119:
4118:
4117:
4116:
4099:
4093:
4090:
4084:
4078:
4072:
4069:
4056:
4053:
4047:
4044:
4038:
4035:
4026:
4023:
4017:
4014:
4008:
4005:
3999:
3996:
3990:
3987:
3981:
3978:
3972:
3969:
3963:
3960:
3949:
3946:
3933:
3930:
3921:
3918:
3912:
3909:
3903:
3900:
3894:
3891:
3885:
3882:
3876:
3873:
3867:
3864:
3858:
3855:
3849:
3843:
3837:
3834:
3805:
3802:
3796:
3793:
3787:
3784:
3778:
3775:
3766:
3765:
3745:
3739:
3736:
3723:
3720:
3714:
3708:
3702:
3696:
3690:
3687:
3681:
3680:
3678:
3676:
3653:
3647:
3641:
3635:
3632:
3626:
3616:
3610:
3607:
3601:
3598:
3592:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3564:
3558:
3555:
3549:
3543:
3537:
3534:
3528:
3525:
3516:
3513:
3494:
3491:
3482:
3481:
3464:
3458:
3455:
3449:
3407:
3401:
3398:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3387:
3364:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3353:
3330:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3319:
3296:
3290:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3279:
3278:
3260:
3249:
3229:
3223:
3209:
3203:
3200:
3183:
3180:
3171:
3170:
3146:
3140:
3137:
3131:
3128:
3122:
3119:
3106:
3105:
3103:
3101:
3078:
3072:
3069:
3063:
3062:
3057:
3055:
3030:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3019:
3009:
3001:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2991:
2981:
2972:
2957:
2952:
2946:
2945:
2902:
2893:
2890:
2877:
2874:
2868:
2865:
2859:
2853:
2844:
2843:
2841:
2840:
2831:. Archived from
2820:
2805:
2802:
2787:
2780:
2774:
2773:
2755:
2749:
2743:
2737:
2731:
2725:
2718:
2712:
2707:
2701:
2696:
2690:
2689:
2671:
2665:
2663:
2661:
2659:
2644:
2638:
2637:
2625:
2619:
2614:
2608:
2606:2Chronicles 26:6
2603:
2597:
2592:
2586:
2581:
2575:
2570:
2564:
2562:Deuteronomy 2:23
2559:
2553:
2552:
2551:
2550:
2533:
2496:
2490:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2479:
2468:Fischer, Peter.
2465:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2455:
2441:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2431:
2422:. Archived from
2411:
2311:against Israel.
2229:Israel-Hamas war
2174:settlement blocs
2102:Rashad al-Shawwa
2036:Rushdi al-Shawwa
1963:Egyptian control
1765:Ali Bey al-Kabir
1560:in the north to
1512:Sayf ad-Din Inal
1481:Tankiz al-Husami
1473:na'ib as-saltana
1427:Baibars al-Ala'i
1389:al-Adil Kitbugha
1358:Mamlakat Ghazzah
1311:az-Zahir Baybars
1189:beautiful mosque
1022:Byzantine Empire
1016:, following the
902:Zacharias Rhetor
831:Jewish community
797:Saint Porphyrius
785:Byzantine period
745:Palaestina Prima
626:Ethiopian eunuch
622:Christian gospel
527:Ptolemy IX Soter
366:Kingdom of Judah
207:Ancient Egyptian
174:Israel-Hamas war
111:Saint Porphyrius
10365:
10364:
10360:
10359:
10358:
10356:
10355:
10354:
10335:
10334:
10331:
10326:
10226:
10215:
10210:
10180:
10175:
10154:
10145:Sasanian Empire
10140:Seleucid Empire
10135:Parthian Empire
10085:Emesene Dynasty
10048:
9894:Israel (united)
9809:Aramaean states
9789:
9336:Akkadian Empire
9322:
9264:
9254:
9224:
9219:
9195:
9159:
9140:Christian Arabs
9102:
8997:
8965:Foreign affairs
8959:
8879:
8681:
8679:
8669:
8609:
8539:
8439:
8409:
8381:
8377:Judicial system
8332:
8316:
8293:
8281:Black September
8275:
8261:Second Intifada
8208:
8187:British Mandate
8148:Ayyubid Dynasty
8106:
8100:
8070:
8065:
8045:
8006:Samer Abu Daqqa
7881:
7846:
7775:
7730:
7687:
7666:
7608:
7602:
7531:
7525:
7466:
7457:
7445:
7433:
7421:
7409:
7395:
7351:
7330:
7316:Faiq al-Mabhouh
7296:
7290:
7263:
7224:
7150:Mahkamah Mosque
7110:
7089:
7080:
7041:
6980:
6791:Al-Jalla Street
6747:
6684:
6427:
6425:
6414:
6405:
6338:History of Gaza
6317:
6312:
6282:
6277:
6221:
6150:
6089:
6048:
6022:
6003:Mahkamah Mosque
5961:
5868:
5837:
5832:
5788:
5783:
5777:
5756:
5732:
5702:
5701:
5662:
5651:
5643:. Grove Press.
5597:
5576:
5557:
5530:
5528:
5496:
5454:
5433:
5409:
5407:
5405:
5372:
5348:
5337:Gaza: A History
5324:
5294:
5263:
5239:
5209:
5195:
5173:
5168:
5158:
5156:
5151:
5150:
5146:
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4505:
4503:
4486:
4482:
4475:
4459:
4455:
4445:
4443:
4438:. 20 May 2001.
4428:
4427:
4423:
4415:
4411:
4401:
4399:
4384:
4380:
4373:Gaza: A History
4366:
4362:
4357:
4353:
4348:
4344:
4337:Wayback Machine
4328:
4324:
4312:
4308:
4301:
4293:. p. 323.
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3709:
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3699:Yaqut al-Hamawi
3697:
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3514:
3497:
3492:
3485:
3479:
3465:
3461:
3456:
3452:
3436:(Lydda), Rafh (
3424:), Kaisariyya (
3408:
3404:
3399:
3395:
3385:
3383:
3381:
3365:
3361:
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3247:Wayback Machine
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2923:10.2307/4238700
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2427:
2412:
2401:
2397:
2392:
2365:
2360:
2358:
2323:
2317:
2268:In 2023, Hamas
2231:
2219:Main articles:
2217:
2209:brief civil war
2176:shaded in blue.
2163:Second Intifada
2128:
2123:
2117:
2028:
2026:Israeli control
1971:
1965:
1911:
1909:British Mandate
1840:Edward Robinson
1797:
1744:
1572:Damascus Eyalet
1539:
1534:
1504:az-Zahir Barquq
1442:Sanjar al-Jawli
1350:
1287:
1281:
1262:Treaty of Ramla
1249:Miles of Plancy
1221:Knights Templar
1209:William of Tyre
1205:
1161:
1116:
1099:
1075:
1054:
1010:'Amr ibn al-'As
971:
966:
964:Rashidun period
961:
933:
890:Sinai Peninsula
886:
863:. The towns of
849:
833:
801:Mark the Deacon
792:
787:
774:diocese of Gaza
737:Roman provinces
714:Philip the Arab
706:
642:
606:
563:Herod the Great
559:
539:
495:
438:
433:
385:
362:United Monarchy
320:
296:
291:
255:
187:
182:
102:Herod the Great
65:around 730 BC.
63:Assyrian Empire
40:history of Gaza
23:
12:
11:
5:
10363:
10353:
10352:
10347:
10328:
10327:
10325:
10324:
10319:
10314:
10309:
10304:
10299:
10294:
10280:
10275:
10270:
10265:
10260:
10255:
10250:
10245:
10240:
10235:
10229:
10227:
10220:
10217:
10216:
10209:
10208:
10201:
10194:
10186:
10177:
10176:
10174:
10173:
10168:
10166:Amarna letters
10162:
10160:
10156:
10155:
10153:
10152:
10147:
10142:
10137:
10132:
10127:
10122:
10117:
10112:
10107:
10102:
10097:
10092:
10087:
10082:
10077:
10066:Roman Republic
10058:
10056:
10050:
10049:
10047:
10046:
10045:
10044:
10039:
10034:
10029:
10024:
10012:
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10000:
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9805:
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9658:
9641:
9636:
9631:
9626:
9625:
9624:
9623:
9622:
9612:
9607:
9595:
9593:Hittite Empire
9590:
9585:
9584:
9583:
9578:
9573:
9568:
9563:
9558:
9553:
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9415:
9410:
9405:
9400:
9395:
9390:
9385:
9380:
9375:
9370:
9365:
9360:
9355:
9347:Amorite states
9343:
9338:
9332:
9330:
9324:
9323:
9321:
9320:
9315:
9310:
9305:
9300:
9295:
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9272:
9266:
9265:
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9238:
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9221:
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9200:
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9188:
9183:
9178:
9173:
9167:
9165:
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9160:
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9130:
9119:
9117:
9108:
9104:
9103:
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9100:
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9078:
9073:
9068:
9063:
9058:
9053:
9048:
9043:
9038:
9033:
9028:
9023:
9018:
9013:
9007:
9005:
8999:
8998:
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8969:
8967:
8961:
8960:
8958:
8957:
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8923:
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8913:
8908:
8903:
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8808:
8807:
8806:
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8771:
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8751:
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8749:
8737:
8732:
8731:
8730:
8720:
8715:
8710:
8705:
8700:
8695:
8690:
8684:
8682:
8674:
8671:
8670:
8668:
8667:
8661:
8660:
8655:
8650:
8645:
8640:
8638:Stock Exchange
8635:
8633:Communications
8630:
8625:
8619:
8617:
8611:
8610:
8608:
8607:
8602:
8597:
8592:
8587:
8582:
8577:
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8570:
8565:
8555:
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8527:
8522:
8517:
8512:
8511:
8510:
8505:
8500:
8495:
8490:
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8470:
8460:
8449:
8447:
8441:
8440:
8438:
8437:
8432:
8427:
8421:
8419:
8415:
8414:
8411:
8410:
8408:
8407:
8402:
8397:
8395:Prime Minister
8391:
8389:
8383:
8382:
8380:
8379:
8374:
8369:
8364:
8359:
8357:Prime Minister
8353:
8351:
8342:
8338:
8337:
8334:
8333:
8331:
8330:
8324:
8322:
8318:
8317:
8315:
8314:
8309:
8307:Battle of Gaza
8303:
8301:
8295:
8294:
8292:
8291:
8285:
8283:
8277:
8276:
8274:
8273:
8268:
8263:
8258:
8256:First Intifada
8253:
8252:
8251:
8241:
8236:
8231:
8225:
8223:
8214:
8210:
8209:
8207:
8206:
8205:
8204:
8199:
8194:
8189:
8184:
8179:
8174:
8167:Modern history
8163:
8162:
8161:
8160:
8158:Ottoman Empire
8155:
8153:Mamluk Dynasty
8150:
8145:
8140:
8135:
8130:
8125:
8114:
8112:
8108:
8107:
8099:
8098:
8091:
8084:
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8038:
8035:
8032:
8027:
8024:
8021:
8016:
8011:
8008:
8003:
8000:
7997:
7992:
7989:
7984:
7981:
7978:
7973:
7968:
7965:
7962:
7957:
7952:
7947:
7942:
7937:
7935:Shurrab family
7932:
7929:
7924:
7921:
7918:
7913:
7912:
7911:
7901:
7898:
7895:
7889:
7887:
7883:
7882:
7880:
7879:
7874:
7871:
7866:
7862:
7860:
7852:
7851:
7848:
7847:
7845:
7844:
7843:
7842:
7837:
7827:
7826:
7825:
7820:
7810:
7805:
7804:
7803:
7793:
7787:
7785:
7777:
7776:
7774:
7773:
7768:
7767:
7766:
7756:
7755:
7754:
7744:
7738:
7736:
7732:
7731:
7729:
7728:
7727:
7726:
7721:
7711:
7706:
7701:
7695:
7693:
7689:
7688:
7686:
7685:
7680:
7674:
7672:
7668:
7667:
7665:
7664:
7663:
7662:
7652:
7651:
7650:
7648:Rafah crossing
7640:
7639:
7638:
7633:
7623:
7618:
7612:
7610:
7604:
7603:
7601:
7600:
7597:
7592:
7587:
7582:
7577:
7572:
7567:
7562:
7557:
7555:Al Deira Hotel
7552:
7547:
7542:
7535:
7533:
7527:
7526:
7524:
7523:
7518:
7513:
7508:
7503:
7498:
7493:
7488:
7483:
7480:
7474:
7472:
7468:
7467:
7465:
7464:
7452:
7440:
7428:
7416:
7403:
7401:
7397:
7396:
7394:
7393:
7388:
7383:
7378:
7375:
7370:
7365:
7359:
7357:
7353:
7352:
7350:
7349:
7344:
7338:
7336:
7332:
7331:
7329:
7328:
7323:
7318:
7313:
7312:
7311:
7300:
7298:
7292:
7291:
7289:
7288:
7283:
7278:
7271:
7269:
7265:
7264:
7262:
7261:
7258:
7253:
7248:
7247:
7246:
7236:
7232:
7230:
7226:
7225:
7223:
7222:
7217:
7212:
7207:
7202:
7197:
7192:
7187:
7182:
7177:
7174:
7169:
7167:Sham'ah Mosque
7164:
7159:
7158:
7157:
7147:
7142:
7137:
7132:
7127:
7122:
7118:
7116:
7112:
7111:
7109:
7108:
7103:
7097:
7095:
7091:
7090:
7088:
7087:
7075:
7073:Gaza synagogue
7069:
7064:
7059:
7053:
7051:
7047:
7046:
7043:
7042:
7040:
7039:
7034:
7029:
7024:
7019:
7014:
7009:
7004:
6998:
6996:
6986:
6985:
6982:
6981:
6979:
6978:
6973:
6968:
6963:
6958:
6953:
6948:
6943:
6936:
6931:
6926:
6921:
6916:
6911:
6906:
6901:
6896:
6891:
6886:
6881:
6876:
6871:
6870:
6869:
6864:
6862:Zaytun Quarter
6854:
6849:
6844:
6837:
6830:
6829:
6828:
6823:
6818:
6813:
6808:
6803:
6798:
6793:
6788:
6783:
6773:
6765:
6763:
6753:
6752:
6749:
6748:
6746:
6745:
6740:
6735:
6730:
6725:
6720:
6715:
6710:
6705:
6698:
6696:
6686:
6685:
6683:
6682:
6681:
6680:
6675:
6673:Tall al-Turmus
6670:
6665:
6660:
6655:
6650:
6645:
6640:
6635:
6630:
6625:
6620:
6615:
6610:
6605:
6600:
6595:
6590:
6585:
6580:
6575:
6570:
6565:
6560:
6555:
6550:
6545:
6540:
6535:
6530:
6525:
6520:
6515:
6510:
6505:
6500:
6495:
6490:
6485:
6480:
6475:
6470:
6465:
6460:
6455:
6440:
6432:
6430:
6420:
6419:
6416:
6415:
6413:
6412:
6400:
6395:
6390:
6389:
6388:
6383:
6373:
6368:
6363:
6362:
6361:
6350:
6345:
6340:
6335:
6329:
6327:
6319:
6318:
6311:
6310:
6303:
6296:
6288:
6279:
6278:
6276:
6275:
6270:
6265:
6260:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6240:
6235:
6229:
6227:
6223:
6222:
6220:
6219:
6214:
6209:
6204:
6199:
6194:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6174:
6172:Al-Deira Hotel
6169:
6164:
6158:
6156:
6152:
6151:
6149:
6148:
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6024:
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6020:
6015:
6013:Sham'ah Mosque
6010:
6005:
6000:
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5990:
5985:
5980:
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5969:
5967:
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5909:
5904:
5903:
5902:
5897:
5895:Zaytun Quarter
5887:
5882:
5876:
5874:
5870:
5869:
5867:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5845:
5843:
5839:
5838:
5831:
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5823:
5816:
5808:
5802:
5801:
5787:
5786:External links
5784:
5782:
5781:
5775:
5769:. SUNY Press.
5760:
5754:
5736:
5730:
5715:
5675:(1): 121–138.
5655:
5649:
5631:
5609:
5595:
5580:
5574:
5561:
5555:
5537:
5500:
5494:
5476:
5462:Le Strange, G.
5458:
5452:
5437:
5431:
5416:
5403:
5388:
5376:
5370:
5352:
5346:
5328:
5322:
5307:
5292:
5279:
5267:
5261:
5243:
5237:
5222:
5199:
5193:
5179:Abu-Lughod, J.
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5166:
5144:
5118:
5092:
5066:
5040:
5014:
4984:
4954:
4925:
4899:
4892:
4872:
4842:
4830:
4814:
4789:
4764:
4747:Anadolu Agency
4733:
4726:
4706:
4688:
4662:
4622:
4591:
4580:on 6 July 2007
4561:
4535:
4528:
4480:
4473:
4464:The Gaza Strip
4453:
4421:
4419:, p. 114.
4409:
4378:
4360:
4351:
4342:
4322:
4306:
4299:
4277:
4268:
4249:
4240:The Gaza Strip
4229:
4227:, p. 127.
4217:
4191:
4179:
4149:
4120:
4094:
4085:
4081:Mayors of Gaza
4073:
4057:
4048:
4039:
4027:
4018:
4009:
4000:
3991:
3982:
3973:
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3691:
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3593:
3579:
3559:
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3529:
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3483:
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3459:
3450:
3402:
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3379:
3359:
3345:
3325:
3311:
3291:
3282:
3250:
3224:
3204:
3184:
3172:
3165:
3141:
3132:
3123:
3107:
3093:
3073:
3064:
3048:978-0191608674
3047:
3025:
2996:
2958:
2947:
2894:
2878:
2869:
2860:
2858:, p. 522.
2845:
2806:
2788:
2775:
2768:
2750:
2738:
2726:
2713:
2702:
2691:
2684:
2666:
2639:
2620:
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2598:
2587:
2576:
2565:
2554:
2497:
2495:, p. 193.
2485:
2460:
2436:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2387:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2364:
2361:
2327:
2316:
2313:
2274:total blockade
2216:
2213:
2127:
2124:
2116:
2113:
2109:First Intifada
2092:district. The
2078:First Intifada
2027:
2024:
1964:
1961:
1910:
1907:
1897:, leading the
1895:Edmund Allenby
1861:Abdul Hamid II
1796:
1793:
1743:
1740:
1623:Safavid Persia
1582:on the Sinai.
1543:Ottoman Empire
1538:
1535:
1533:
1532:Ottoman period
1530:
1528:neighborhood.
1488:bubonic plague
1406:to the north;
1349:
1346:
1280:
1277:
1204:
1201:
1160:
1157:
1115:
1114:Abbasid period
1112:
1098:
1097:Umayyad period
1095:
1074:
1071:
1053:
1050:
1008:under general
975:Greek-speaking
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
951:from Gaul and
932:
929:
885:
882:
848:
845:
832:
829:
791:
788:
786:
783:
766:Constantine II
730:Maximinus Daia
708:The spread of
705:
702:
641:
638:
605:
602:
590:Arabia Petraea
558:
555:
543:Aulus Gabinius
538:
535:
494:
491:
437:
434:
432:
429:
384:
381:
319:
316:
295:
292:
290:
287:
283:Amarna letters
254:
251:
186:
183:
181:
178:
158:Mandatory rule
143:Ridwan dynasty
133:. Gaza was in
119:Amr ibn al-'As
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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10054:Classical Age
10051:
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9815:Aram-Damascus
9813:
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9399:
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9384:
9381:
9379:
9376:
9374:
9373:First Babylon
9371:
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9138:
9134:
9131:
9129:
9126:
9125:
9124:
9121:
9120:
9118:
9116:
9112:
9109:
9107:Ethnic groups
9105:
9099:
9096:
9092:
9089:
9088:
9087:
9086:United States
9084:
9082:
9079:
9077:
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9059:
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8869:
8866:
8863:
8859:
8856:
8854:
8851:
8849:
8846:
8844:
8841:
8839:
8838:Personalities
8836:
8834:
8831:
8829:
8826:
8824:
8821:
8817:
8814:
8813:
8812:
8809:
8805:
8802:
8800:
8797:
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8792:
8790:
8787:
8785:
8782:
8779:
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8772:
8770:
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8759:
8755:
8752:
8748:
8747:
8743:
8742:
8741:
8738:
8736:
8733:
8729:
8726:
8725:
8724:
8721:
8719:
8716:
8714:
8711:
8709:
8706:
8704:
8703:Refugee camps
8701:
8699:
8696:
8694:
8691:
8689:
8686:
8685:
8683:
8677:
8672:
8666:
8663:
8662:
8659:
8656:
8654:
8651:
8649:
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8644:
8641:
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8621:
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8606:
8603:
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8598:
8596:
8593:
8591:
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8581:
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8554:
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8523:
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8518:
8516:
8513:
8509:
8506:
8504:
8501:
8499:
8496:
8494:
8491:
8489:
8486:
8484:
8481:
8479:
8476:
8474:
8471:
8469:
8466:
8465:
8464:
8461:
8458:
8454:
8451:
8450:
8448:
8446:
8442:
8436:
8433:
8431:
8428:
8426:
8423:
8422:
8420:
8416:
8406:
8403:
8401:
8398:
8396:
8393:
8392:
8390:
8388:
8384:
8378:
8375:
8373:
8370:
8368:
8365:
8363:
8360:
8358:
8355:
8354:
8352:
8350:
8346:
8343:
8339:
8329:
8326:
8325:
8323:
8319:
8313:
8310:
8308:
8305:
8304:
8302:
8300:
8296:
8290:
8287:
8286:
8284:
8282:
8278:
8272:
8269:
8267:
8264:
8262:
8259:
8257:
8254:
8250:
8247:
8246:
8245:
8242:
8240:
8237:
8235:
8232:
8230:
8227:
8226:
8224:
8222:
8218:
8215:
8211:
8203:
8200:
8198:
8195:
8193:
8190:
8188:
8185:
8183:
8180:
8178:
8175:
8173:
8170:
8169:
8168:
8165:
8164:
8159:
8156:
8154:
8151:
8149:
8146:
8144:
8141:
8139:
8136:
8134:
8131:
8129:
8126:
8124:
8121:
8120:
8119:
8118:Early history
8116:
8115:
8113:
8109:
8104:
8097:
8092:
8090:
8085:
8083:
8078:
8077:
8074:
8064:
8063:
8052:
8042:
8041:Mohammad Bhar
8039:
8036:
8033:
8031:
8028:
8025:
8022:
8020:
8017:
8015:
8012:
8009:
8007:
8004:
8001:
7998:
7996:
7993:
7990:
7988:
7985:
7982:
7979:
7977:
7974:
7972:
7969:
7966:
7963:
7961:
7958:
7956:
7953:
7951:
7948:
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7943:
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7938:
7936:
7933:
7930:
7928:
7925:
7922:
7919:
7917:
7914:
7910:
7907:
7906:
7905:
7902:
7899:
7896:
7894:
7891:
7890:
7888:
7884:
7878:
7875:
7872:
7870:
7867:
7864:
7863:
7861:
7857:
7853:
7841:
7838:
7836:
7833:
7832:
7831:
7828:
7824:
7821:
7819:
7816:
7815:
7814:
7811:
7809:
7806:
7802:
7801:Doghmush clan
7799:
7798:
7797:
7794:
7792:
7789:
7788:
7786:
7782:
7778:
7772:
7769:
7765:
7762:
7761:
7760:
7757:
7753:
7750:
7749:
7748:
7745:
7743:
7742:Rachel Corrie
7740:
7739:
7737:
7733:
7725:
7722:
7720:
7717:
7716:
7715:
7712:
7710:
7707:
7705:
7702:
7700:
7697:
7696:
7694:
7690:
7684:
7681:
7679:
7676:
7675:
7673:
7669:
7661:
7658:
7657:
7656:
7653:
7649:
7646:
7645:
7644:
7641:
7637:
7634:
7632:
7631:Erez crossing
7629:
7628:
7627:
7624:
7622:
7619:
7617:
7614:
7613:
7611:
7605:
7598:
7596:
7593:
7591:
7588:
7586:
7583:
7581:
7578:
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7573:
7571:
7568:
7566:
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7537:
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7534:
7528:
7522:
7519:
7517:
7514:
7512:
7509:
7507:
7504:
7502:
7499:
7497:
7494:
7492:
7489:
7487:
7484:
7481:
7479:
7476:
7475:
7473:
7469:
7461:
7456:
7453:
7449:
7444:
7441:
7437:
7432:
7429:
7425:
7420:
7417:
7413:
7408:
7405:
7404:
7402:
7398:
7392:
7389:
7387:
7384:
7382:
7379:
7376:
7374:
7371:
7369:
7368:UNWRA schools
7366:
7364:
7361:
7360:
7358:
7354:
7348:
7345:
7343:
7340:
7339:
7337:
7333:
7327:
7324:
7322:
7319:
7317:
7314:
7310:
7307:
7306:
7305:
7302:
7301:
7299:
7293:
7287:
7284:
7282:
7279:
7276:
7273:
7272:
7270:
7266:
7259:
7257:
7254:
7252:
7249:
7245:
7242:
7241:
7240:
7237:
7234:
7233:
7231:
7227:
7221:
7218:
7216:
7213:
7211:
7208:
7206:
7203:
7201:
7198:
7196:
7193:
7191:
7188:
7186:
7185:Aybaki Mosque
7183:
7181:
7178:
7175:
7173:
7170:
7168:
7165:
7163:
7160:
7156:
7153:
7152:
7151:
7148:
7146:
7143:
7141:
7138:
7136:
7133:
7131:
7128:
7126:
7125:Aybaki Mosque
7123:
7120:
7119:
7117:
7113:
7107:
7104:
7102:
7099:
7098:
7096:
7092:
7084:
7079:
7076:
7074:
7070:
7068:
7065:
7063:
7062:Qasr al-Basha
7060:
7058:
7055:
7054:
7052:
7048:
7038:
7035:
7033:
7030:
7028:
7025:
7023:
7022:Deir al-Balah
7020:
7018:
7015:
7013:
7010:
7008:
7005:
7003:
7000:
6999:
6997:
6995:
6991:
6987:
6977:
6974:
6972:
6969:
6967:
6964:
6962:
6961:Deir al-Balah
6959:
6957:
6954:
6952:
6949:
6947:
6944:
6942:
6941:
6937:
6935:
6932:
6930:
6927:
6925:
6922:
6920:
6917:
6915:
6912:
6910:
6909:Sheikh Radwan
6907:
6905:
6902:
6900:
6897:
6895:
6894:al-Shati Camp
6892:
6890:
6887:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6877:
6875:
6872:
6868:
6867:Daraj Quarter
6865:
6863:
6860:
6859:
6858:
6855:
6853:
6850:
6848:
6845:
6843:
6842:
6838:
6836:
6835:
6831:
6827:
6824:
6822:
6819:
6817:
6814:
6812:
6809:
6807:
6804:
6802:
6799:
6797:
6794:
6792:
6789:
6787:
6784:
6782:
6779:
6778:
6777:
6774:
6772:
6771:
6767:
6766:
6764:
6762:
6758:
6754:
6744:
6741:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6714:
6713:Deir al-Balah
6711:
6709:
6706:
6703:
6700:
6699:
6697:
6695:
6694:Refugee camps
6691:
6687:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6664:
6661:
6659:
6656:
6654:
6651:
6649:
6646:
6644:
6641:
6639:
6636:
6634:
6631:
6629:
6626:
6624:
6621:
6619:
6616:
6614:
6611:
6609:
6606:
6604:
6601:
6599:
6596:
6594:
6591:
6589:
6586:
6584:
6581:
6579:
6576:
6574:
6571:
6569:
6566:
6564:
6563:Iraq Suwaydan
6561:
6559:
6556:
6554:
6551:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6541:
6539:
6536:
6534:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6516:
6514:
6511:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6501:
6499:
6496:
6494:
6491:
6489:
6486:
6484:
6481:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6471:
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6466:
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6459:
6456:
6453:
6449:
6446:
6445:
6444:
6441:
6439:
6438:
6434:
6433:
6431:
6429:
6421:
6409:
6404:
6401:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6391:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6381:Gaza District
6379:
6378:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6360:
6356:
6355:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6330:
6328:
6324:
6320:
6316:
6309:
6304:
6302:
6297:
6295:
6290:
6289:
6286:
6274:
6271:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6241:
6239:
6236:
6234:
6231:
6230:
6228:
6224:
6218:
6215:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6205:
6203:
6200:
6198:
6195:
6193:
6190:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6175:
6173:
6170:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6159:
6157:
6153:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6099:
6098:
6096:
6092:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6070:Qasr al-Basha
6068:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6057:
6055:
6051:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6031:
6029:
6025:
6019:
6016:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6006:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5978:Aybaki Mosque
5976:
5974:
5971:
5970:
5968:
5964:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5932:Sheikh Radwan
5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5922:al-Shati Camp
5920:
5918:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
5901:
5900:Daraj Quarter
5898:
5896:
5893:
5892:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5877:
5875:
5873:Neighborhoods
5871:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5854:
5850:
5847:
5846:
5844:
5840:
5836:
5829:
5824:
5822:
5817:
5815:
5810:
5809:
5806:
5799:
5794:
5790:
5789:
5778:
5776:0-7914-2915-6
5772:
5768:
5767:
5761:
5757:
5751:
5747:
5746:
5741:
5737:
5733:
5731:1-56656-557-X
5727:
5723:
5722:
5716:
5712:
5706:
5698:
5694:
5690:
5686:
5682:
5678:
5674:
5670:
5669:
5661:
5656:
5652:
5646:
5642:
5641:
5636:
5632:
5628:
5624:
5623:
5618:
5614:
5610:
5607:
5606:9781884964039
5603:
5598:
5596:1-884964-03-6
5592:
5588:
5587:
5581:
5577:
5575:9780520916371
5571:
5567:
5562:
5558:
5556:0-521-39037-0
5552:
5548:
5547:
5542:
5538:
5526:
5522:
5518:
5514:
5510:
5506:
5501:
5497:
5495:9780231914321
5491:
5487:
5486:
5481:
5477:
5473:
5469:
5468:
5463:
5459:
5455:
5449:
5445:
5444:
5438:
5434:
5432:0-275-97583-5
5428:
5424:
5423:
5417:
5406:
5400:
5396:
5395:
5389:
5385:
5381:
5377:
5373:
5371:0-521-59984-9
5367:
5363:
5362:
5357:
5353:
5349:
5347:9780190201890
5343:
5339:
5338:
5333:
5329:
5325:
5319:
5315:
5314:
5308:
5305:
5304:9781576079195
5301:
5295:
5289:
5285:
5280:
5276:
5272:
5271:Dowling, T.E.
5268:
5264:
5262:0-520-20370-4
5258:
5254:
5253:
5248:
5244:
5240:
5234:
5230:
5229:
5223:
5219:
5215:
5208:
5204:
5200:
5196:
5190:
5186:
5185:
5180:
5176:
5175:
5154:
5148:
5132:
5128:
5122:
5106:
5102:
5096:
5080:
5076:
5070:
5054:
5050:
5044:
5028:
5024:
5018:
5002:
4998:
4994:
4988:
4973:
4969:
4965:
4958:
4942:
4941:aljazeera.com
4938:
4932:
4930:
4913:
4909:
4903:
4895:
4889:
4885:
4884:
4876:
4860:
4856:
4852:
4846:
4839:
4834:
4827:
4823:
4818:
4803:
4799:
4793:
4779:
4775:
4768:
4752:
4748:
4744:
4737:
4729:
4723:
4719:
4718:
4710:
4703:
4698:
4692:
4676:
4672:
4666:
4659:
4643:
4639:
4632:
4626:
4611:
4607:
4606:
4601:
4595:
4579:
4575:
4571:
4565:
4549:
4545:
4539:
4531:
4525:
4521:
4517:
4501:
4497:
4496:
4491:
4484:
4476:
4470:
4466:
4465:
4457:
4441:
4437:
4436:
4431:
4425:
4418:
4417:Pressman 2006
4413:
4398:
4397:
4392:
4388:
4382:
4375:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4355:
4346:
4338:
4334:
4331:
4326:
4319:
4316:
4313:Ofer Aderet,
4310:
4302:
4300:9781491844359
4296:
4292:
4288:
4281:
4272:
4256:
4252:
4246:
4242:
4241:
4233:
4226:
4221:
4205:
4201:
4195:
4186:
4184:
4175:
4171:
4167:
4163:
4156:
4154:
4138:
4134:
4127:
4125:
4111:on 2009-01-22
4110:
4106:
4105:
4098:
4089:
4082:
4077:
4068:
4066:
4064:
4062:
4052:
4043:
4034:
4032:
4022:
4013:
4004:
3995:
3986:
3977:
3968:
3959:
3957:
3955:
3945:
3943:
3941:
3939:
3929:
3927:
3917:
3908:
3899:
3890:
3881:
3872:
3863:
3854:
3847:
3842:
3833:
3831:
3829:
3827:
3825:
3823:
3821:
3819:
3817:
3815:
3813:
3811:
3801:
3792:
3783:
3774:
3772:
3763:
3757:
3753:
3752:
3744:
3735:
3733:
3731:
3729:
3719:
3712:
3707:
3700:
3695:
3686:
3671:
3665:
3661:
3660:
3652:
3645:
3640:
3631:
3624:
3620:
3615:
3606:
3597:
3582:
3576:
3572:
3571:
3563:
3554:
3547:
3542:
3533:
3524:
3522:
3512:
3510:
3508:
3506:
3504:
3502:
3500:
3490:
3488:
3480:
3478:1-59045-493-6
3474:
3470:
3463:
3454:
3447:
3444:, and Yaffa (
3443:
3439:
3435:
3431:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3411:
3406:
3397:
3382:
3380:9789047408444
3376:
3372:
3371:
3363:
3348:
3346:9783110337679
3342:
3338:
3337:
3329:
3314:
3308:
3304:
3303:
3295:
3286:
3273:on 2012-07-28
3272:
3268:
3267:
3259:
3257:
3255:
3248:
3244:
3241:
3237:
3236:Israel Museum
3233:
3228:
3222:
3221:0-300-03216-1
3218:
3214:
3208:
3199:
3197:
3195:
3193:
3191:
3189:
3179:
3177:
3168:
3166:0-19-504652-8
3162:
3158:
3157:
3152:
3145:
3136:
3127:
3118:
3116:
3114:
3112:
3096:
3094:9780812292237
3090:
3086:
3085:
3077:
3068:
3061:
3050:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3029:
3013:
3006:
3000:
2985:
2978:
2971:
2969:
2967:
2965:
2963:
2956:
2951:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2901:
2899:
2889:
2887:
2885:
2883:
2873:
2864:
2857:
2852:
2850:
2835:on 2011-09-07
2834:
2830:
2826:
2819:
2817:
2815:
2813:
2811:
2801:
2799:
2797:
2795:
2793:
2785:
2779:
2771:
2765:
2761:
2754:
2748:, p. 13.
2747:
2742:
2735:
2730:
2723:
2717:
2711:
2710:Zephaniah 2:4
2706:
2700:
2695:
2687:
2681:
2677:
2670:
2654:
2650:
2643:
2635:
2631:
2624:
2618:
2613:
2607:
2602:
2596:
2591:
2585:
2580:
2574:
2569:
2563:
2558:
2545:on 2012-07-28
2544:
2540:
2539:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2512:
2510:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2494:
2489:
2474:. p. 255
2473:
2472:
2464:
2450:
2449:www.arscan.fr
2446:
2440:
2426:on 2009-02-07
2425:
2421:
2417:
2410:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2399:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2326:
2322:
2312:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2289:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2262:
2258:
2255:
2251:
2246:
2244:
2239:
2236:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2212:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2185:
2183:
2175:
2170:
2166:
2164:
2160:
2155:
2153:
2149:
2148:Yasser Arafat
2145:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2122:
2112:
2110:
2105:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2090:Sheikh Radwan
2087:
2079:
2074:
2070:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2051:
2049:
2045:
2037:
2032:
2023:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2008:
2003:
2001:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1970:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1953:World War One
1950:
1946:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1915:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1899:Allied Forces
1896:
1892:
1888:
1880:
1875:
1871:
1869:
1868:Said al-Shawa
1864:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1844:
1841:
1836:
1834:
1833:Ibrahim Pasha
1830:
1823:
1818:
1812:
1811:
1806:
1805:David Roberts
1801:
1792:
1790:
1789:siege of Acre
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1769:Zahir al-Umar
1766:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1739:
1736:
1731:
1729:
1724:
1723:
1718:
1717:Turkish baths
1713:
1712:Mount Lebanon
1709:
1705:
1701:
1696:
1689:
1685:
1680:
1676:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1634:Qasr al-Basha
1630:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1583:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1568:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1550:
1548:
1547:Sunni Muslims
1544:
1529:
1527:
1524:built in the
1523:
1519:
1518:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1500:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1486:In 1348, the
1484:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1469:
1465:
1464:
1459:
1458:
1453:
1450:(college), a
1449:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1408:Deir al-Balah
1405:
1401:
1397:
1392:
1390:
1385:
1384:, and Ramla.
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1362:coastal plain
1359:
1355:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1334:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1315:defeated them
1312:
1308:
1304:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1279:Mamluk period
1276:
1274:
1270:
1265:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1239:force led by
1238:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1200:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1156:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1137:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1094:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1083:Bilad al-Sham
1080:
1079:Jund Filastin
1070:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1040:(head of the
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1006:Rashidun army
1002:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
976:
956:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
928:
926:
922:
918:
914:
909:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
881:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
844:
842:
838:
828:
826:
822:
818:
817:Aelia Eudocia
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
782:
781:intensified.
779:
775:
771:
770:episcopal see
767:
763:
758:
754:
753:Constantine I
750:
747:, one of the
746:
742:
738:
733:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
701:
699:
695:
691:
686:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
637:
635:
632:, and he was
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
601:
599:
595:
591:
586:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
554:
552:
551:Pompey Magnus
548:
544:
534:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
499:Mediterranean
490:
488:
484:
480:
476:
475:Greek culture
472:
468:
467:
462:
457:
453:
452:besieged Gaza
450:
442:
428:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
380:
378:
374:
371:The prophets
369:
367:
363:
359:
355:
350:
348:
343:
341:
337:
333:
329:
326:mentions the
325:
315:
313:
309:
305:
301:
286:
284:
280:
279:Tuthmosis III
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
250:
248:
244:
240:
236:
235:Tell al-Ajjul
232:
226:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
203:Tell as-Sakan
196:
195:Tell es-Sakan
191:
177:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
146:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
103:
99:
98:Pompey Magnus
95:
90:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
49:Originally a
47:
45:
41:
34:
33:Francis Frith
29:
25:
21:
16:
10332:
10302:Saudi Arabia
10070:Roman Empire
10062:Ancient Rome
10014:
9989:
9871:
9807:
9775:
9731:
9707:
9643:
9597:
9449:
9345:
9288:Chagar Bazar
9212:
9123:Muslim Arabs
8952:
8930:
8848:Prostitution
8811:Human rights
8769:Demographics
8744:
8718:Architecture
8688:Palestinians
8590:Governorates
8138:Islamic Rule
8133:Roman Empire
8060:
8018:
7975:
7959:
7949:
7939:
7915:
7892:
7784:Demographics
7621:Port of Gaza
7268:Institutions
6946:Bani Suheila
6938:
6904:Sheikh Ijlin
6839:
6832:
6826:Wehda Street
6768:
6704:(Beach camp)
6628:al-Muharraqa
6573:al-Jaladiyya
6435:
6337:
6273:Wehda Street
5927:Sheikh Ijlin
5864:Port of Gaza
5848:
5765:
5744:
5720:
5705:cite journal
5672:
5666:
5639:
5621:
5613:Robinson, E.
5585:
5565:
5545:
5529:. Retrieved
5512:
5508:
5484:
5466:
5442:
5421:
5408:. Retrieved
5393:
5383:
5360:
5336:
5332:Filiu, J.-P.
5312:
5286:. ABC-CLIO.
5283:
5274:
5251:
5227:
5217:
5213:
5187:. ABC-CLIO.
5183:
5157:. Retrieved
5155:. 2010-10-20
5147:
5135:. Retrieved
5130:
5121:
5109:. Retrieved
5104:
5095:
5083:. Retrieved
5069:
5057:. Retrieved
5052:
5043:
5031:. Retrieved
5026:
5017:
5005:. Retrieved
4987:
4976:. Retrieved
4967:
4957:
4945:. Retrieved
4940:
4916:. Retrieved
4902:
4882:
4875:
4863:. Retrieved
4854:
4845:
4833:
4817:
4806:. Retrieved
4804:. 2009-01-18
4801:
4792:
4781:. Retrieved
4777:
4767:
4755:. Retrieved
4736:
4716:
4709:
4700:
4691:
4679:. Retrieved
4674:
4665:
4656:
4649:. Retrieved
4637:
4625:
4614:. Retrieved
4605:The Guardian
4603:
4594:
4582:. Retrieved
4578:the original
4564:
4552:. Retrieved
4547:
4538:
4515:
4504:. Retrieved
4493:
4483:
4463:
4456:
4444:. Retrieved
4433:
4424:
4412:
4402:December 27,
4400:. Retrieved
4394:
4381:
4372:
4363:
4354:
4345:
4325:
4320:29 July 2021
4309:
4286:
4280:
4271:
4259:. Retrieved
4239:
4232:
4220:
4210:26 September
4208:. Retrieved
4194:
4165:
4161:
4140:. Retrieved
4136:
4113:, retrieved
4109:the original
4103:
4097:
4088:
4076:
4051:
4042:
4021:
4012:
4003:
3994:
3985:
3976:
3967:
3916:
3907:
3898:
3889:
3880:
3871:
3862:
3853:
3841:
3800:
3791:
3782:
3750:
3743:
3718:
3706:
3694:
3685:
3673:. Retrieved
3658:
3651:
3644:al-Muqaddasi
3639:
3630:
3614:
3605:
3596:
3584:. Retrieved
3569:
3562:
3553:
3546:al-Muqaddasi
3541:
3532:
3468:
3462:
3453:
3416:), Nabulus (
3410:al-Biladhuri
3405:
3396:
3384:. Retrieved
3369:
3362:
3350:. Retrieved
3335:
3328:
3316:. Retrieved
3301:
3294:
3285:
3275:, retrieved
3271:the original
3265:
3227:
3212:
3207:
3154:
3144:
3135:
3126:
3098:. Retrieved
3083:
3076:
3067:
3059:
3052:. Retrieved
3038:
3028:
3016:. Retrieved
3011:
2999:
2988:. Retrieved
2983:
2955:Acts 8:26–39
2950:
2942:
2914:
2910:
2872:
2863:
2837:. Retrieved
2833:the original
2828:
2783:
2778:
2759:
2753:
2741:
2736:, p. 9.
2729:
2721:
2720:Zev Vilnay,
2716:
2705:
2694:
2675:
2669:
2664:Section 4.2.
2658:20 September
2656:. Retrieved
2652:
2642:
2633:
2629:
2623:
2612:
2601:
2590:
2579:
2573:Judges 16:21
2568:
2557:
2547:, retrieved
2543:the original
2537:
2488:
2476:. Retrieved
2470:
2463:
2452:. Retrieved
2448:
2439:
2428:. Retrieved
2424:the original
2419:
2324:
2290:
2267:
2247:
2240:
2232:
2186:
2179:
2156:
2132:Oslo Accords
2129:
2106:
2083:
2063:Shlomo Gazit
2059:Ariel Sharon
2052:
2041:
2004:
1972:
1947:
1931:
1920:
1903:third battle
1884:
1865:
1855:orientalist
1845:
1837:
1826:
1808:
1755:
1752:Tuqan family
1745:
1732:
1720:
1703:
1700:Sidon Eyalet
1695:Husayn Pasha
1692:
1665:Fakhr ad-Din
1641:
1631:
1584:
1565:
1551:
1540:
1515:
1501:
1485:
1472:
1461:
1455:
1445:
1439:
1424:
1393:
1386:
1374:Hebron Hills
1357:
1351:
1335:
1323:Harod Valley
1300:
1266:
1225:
1206:
1185:al-Muqaddasi
1177:Seljuk Turks
1162:
1138:
1123:
1117:
1100:
1076:
1055:
1052:Islamisation
1020:between the
1003:
981:, including
972:
934:
917:Barsanuphius
910:
887:
850:
834:
793:
761:
734:
710:Christianity
707:
690:Roman colony
687:
643:
607:
587:
560:
547:Roman Empire
540:
537:Roman period
501:port of the
496:
464:
447:
386:
370:
351:
344:
324:Hebrew Bible
321:
308:Ramesses III
297:
267:Mesopotamian
256:
227:
200:
147:
107:Christianity
91:
48:
39:
37:
24:
15:
9835:Bit Bahiani
9620:Tell Hadidi
9091:Los Angeles
9036:El Salvador
8911:Photography
8901:Journalists
8816:LGBT rights
8799:Health care
8789:Handicrafts
8713:Archaeology
8628:Agriculture
8573:Southern WB
8568:Northern WB
8128:Philistines
7671:Environment
7532:and culture
7530:Recreation
7471:Health care
7458: [
7446: [
7434: [
7422: [
7410: [
7081: [
6956:Beit Lahiya
6951:Beit Hanoun
6924:Tel al-Hawa
6513:Dayr Sunayd
6458:Arab Suqrir
6406: [
5942:Tel al-Hawa
5635:Sabbagh, K.
5541:Pringle, D.
5247:Doumani, B.
5220:(89): 1–44.
4943:. Aljazeera
4520:Pluto Press
4291:AuthorHouse
4225:Selby 2003a
4142:26 November
3846:Ibn Battuta
3711:Abu al-Fida
3442:Bayt Jibrin
3054:27 February
2856:Rigsby 1997
2746:Bassir 2017
2734:Bassir 2017
2617:2Kings 18:8
2595:1Kings 4:24
2584:2Samuel 8:1
2493:Grimal 1988
2044:Six-Day War
2000:Suez Crisis
1995:Arab League
1957:Australians
1932:During the
1807:, 1839, in
1781:French Army
1671:in today's
1638:Ahmad Pasha
1562:Bayt Jibrin
1554:Gaza Sanjak
1496:Ibn Battuta
1400:al-Dimashqi
1398:geographer
1307:Hulagu Khan
1295:Gold Market
1269:Abu al-Fida
1213:Baldwin III
1147:geographer
1136:after him.
1130:Sunni Islam
1032:succeeding
925:monasticism
647:Gordian III
332:Caphtorites
300:Philistines
294:Philistines
217:trade with
164:during the
141:-appointed
71:Hellenistic
59:Philistines
10339:Categories
10287:Gaza Strip
10022:Carchemish
10003:Nabataeans
9820:Aram Rehob
9588:Carchemish
9398:Third Mari
9378:Third Ebla
9328:Bronze Age
9283:Tell Halaf
9270:Copper Age
9186:Samaritans
8921:Television
8906:Newspapers
8828:Literature
8728:watermelon
8553:Gaza Strip
8341:Government
8123:Canaanites
7869:Ahmed Moor
7699:Gush Katif
7692:Occupation
7607:Transport
7599:Gaza Strip
7585:Roots Club
7538:Gaza City
7482:Gaza City:
7377:Gaza City:
7297:and courts
7235:Gaza City:
7176:elsewhere:
7121:Gaza City:
7094:Cemeteries
7032:Khan Yunis
7027:North Gaza
7017:North Gaza
7012:North Gaza
7007:Khan Yunis
6971:Khan Yunis
6914:Shuja'iyya
6816:Suq Street
6723:Khan Yunis
6493:Bayt Jirja
6488:Bayt Daras
6483:Bayt 'Affa
6426:Mandatory
6424:Places in
6357:see also:
6333:Gaza Strip
6315:Gaza Strip
6263:Suq Street
6207:Roots Club
6167:Bisan City
5937:Shuja'iyya
5740:Sharon, M.
5531:29 October
5410:18 January
5380:Grimal, N.
5356:Gil, Moshe
5277:. S.P.C.K.
5203:Bassir, H.
5007:3 November
4978:2023-11-11
4808:2010-06-05
4783:2009-01-03
4616:2016-12-11
4584:15 October
4512:Review of
4446:1 February
4261:23 January
4115:2009-01-19
3761:9004108335
3675:16 January
3623:Ibn Hauqal
3586:18 January
3420:), Amwas (
3386:9 November
3277:2009-01-19
3100:9 November
2990:2008-01-23
2839:2009-01-30
2549:2009-02-16
2454:2024-06-07
2430:2009-02-16
2374:Gaza Strip
2319:See also:
2297:starvation
2282:evacuation
2119:See also:
1983:Gaza Strip
1967:See also:
1893:. General
1735:Musa Pasha
1688:Harry Fenn
1619:Diyarbakır
1587:jannissary
1526:Shuja'iyya
1494:traveller
1283:See also:
1273:Shuja'iyya
1243:at nearby
853:Madaba Map
841:King David
741:Diocletian
471:city-state
417:Cambyses I
358:King David
312:pentapolis
180:Bronze Age
89:in 96 BC.
87:Hasmoneans
38:The known
10291:West Bank
10283:Palestine
10115:Macedonia
10080:Commagene
10008:Qedarites
9946:Phoenicia
9914:Philistia
9830:Bit Agusi
9825:Bit-Adini
9667:Tall Bazi
9561:Phoenicia
9531:Jerusalem
9383:Ekallatum
9155:Metawalis
9071:Nicaragua
9011:Australia
8774:Education
8653:Transport
8623:Companies
8595:Landforms
8558:West Bank
8545:Geography
8525:Elections
8503:Third Way
8400:President
8362:President
8143:Crusaders
8103:Palestine
7678:Wadi Gaza
7609:and trade
7595:Gaza YMCA
7590:As-Sadaka
7565:Gaza Mall
7400:Libraries
7356:Education
6834:Gaza City
6770:Gaza City
6613:al-Khisas
6598:Karatiyya
6523:al-Faluja
6498:Bayt Tima
6428:Palestine
6217:Gaza YMCA
6212:As-Sadaka
6182:Gaza Mall
6162:Al-Bustan
5859:Education
5835:Gaza City
5697:146759349
5617:Smith, E.
5521:1715-5673
5358:(1997) .
5231:. BRILL.
5159:6 January
4865:20 August
4675:unrwa.org
4387:Roy, Sara
4168:: 37–53,
3352:6 January
3318:6 January
3240:Jerusalem
2931:0065-6801
2395:Citations
2235:blockaded
2187:In 2006,
2136:West Bank
1650:Jerusalem
1420:Karatiyya
1319:Ain Jalut
1228:al-Idrisi
1141:civil war
1108:Willibald
1067:Samaritan
1042:Caliphate
937:Palestine
915:of Gaza,
847:Territory
825:MacMullen
698:Gallienus
667:Aphrodite
614:Jerusalem
579:Jerusalem
531:Aretas II
519:Hasmonean
503:Nabateans
487:Seleucids
397:Sargon II
389:Assyrians
377:Zephaniah
354:Israelite
243:Canaanite
211:Canaanite
123:Crusaders
83:Ptolemies
79:Seleucids
51:Canaanite
10037:Palistin
9997:Itureans
9795:Iron Age
9599:Hurrians
9341:Alashiya
9293:Hamoukar
9128:Bedouins
9076:Pakistan
9003:Diaspora
8873:Football
8858:Religion
8823:Language
8746:keffiyeh
8698:Diaspora
8563:Enclaves
8445:Politics
8418:Security
8266:Gaza War
8229:Timeline
8213:Conflict
7999:December
7991:November
7735:Visitors
7229:Churches
7071:Ancient
7050:Historic
6929:Turukman
6857:Old City
6733:Nuseirat
6702:Al-Shati
6603:Kawfakha
6578:al-Jiyya
6548:Hulayqat
6027:Churches
5952:Turukman
5890:Old City
5742:(2009).
5689:20097837
5637:(2008).
5619:(1841).
5543:(1993).
5525:Archived
5482:(1907).
5464:(1890).
5382:(1988).
5334:(2014).
5273:(1913).
5249:(1995).
5205:(2017).
5085:24 April
5079:Archived
5001:Archived
4972:Archived
4912:Archived
4859:Archived
4802:BBC News
4751:Archived
4642:Archived
4610:Archived
4554:9 August
4500:Archived
4440:Archived
4435:BBC News
4333:Archived
4255:Archived
4204:Archived
3619:Istakhri
3426:Caesarea
3414:Sebastia
3243:Archived
2699:Amos 1:7
2636:(1): 55.
2363:See also
2301:genocide
2254:a battle
2199:won the
2193:Islamist
2138:town of
2096:and the
1987:refugees
1728:Istanbul
1654:Istanbul
1627:Anatolia
1611:Ethiopia
1603:Selim II
1508:al-Karak
1463:maristan
1412:al-Arish
1372:and the
1197:al-Hakim
1169:Fatimids
1165:Tulunids
1149:Istakhri
1132:, named
1091:Abbasids
1087:Umayyads
1034:Abu Bakr
1024:and the
995:Muhammad
913:Hilarion
877:Kissufim
865:Bethelea
835:A large
809:Cynegius
805:Arcadius
762:en masse
726:Philemon
694:Valerian
634:baptised
618:Ethiopia
571:Augustus
569:emperor
509:or from
479:Hellenic
461:Bedouins
409:Necho II
338:(modern
289:Iron Age
275:Sharuhen
271:Ahmose I
265:and the
193:Part of
154:captured
127:Fatimids
96:General
75:Bedouins
10273:Lebanon
10233:Bahrain
10159:Sources
10125:Osroene
9924:Ascalon
9899:Jericho
9777:Nuhašše
9725:Suteans
9663:Armanum
9615:Mitanni
9610:Nuhašše
9571:Shechem
9551:Megiddo
9546:Lakisha
9536:Kenites
9526:Jericho
9506:Dimasqu
9477:Aštartu
9472:Ascalon
9408:Palmyra
9363:Andarig
9353:Alalakh
9298:Jericho
9260:of the
9258:history
9191:Bushnaq
9150:Druzers
9145:Baháʼís
9098:Uruguay
9061:Lebanon
8891:By city
8754:Cuisine
8680:society
8676:Culture
8648:Tourism
8615:Economy
8580:Borders
8111:History
8023:January
7980:October
7920:January
7840:Al Qaws
7335:Economy
7295:Police
7115:Mosques
6966:Jabalia
6934:Zeitoun
6889:Al-Saha
6847:Judeide
6728:Maghazi
6718:Jabalia
6643:Qastina
6638:Ni'ilya
6608:Kawkaba
6588:al-Jura
6538:Hiribya
6463:Barbara
6326:History
5966:Mosques
5957:Zeitoun
5880:Judeide
5849:History
5171:Sources
5131:bbc.com
5105:bbc.com
5053:npr.org
5027:bbc.com
4968:Reuters
4778:Haaretz
4757:28 July
4677:. UNRWA
4548:npr.org
4498:(116).
4318:Haaretz
3153:(ed.).
2939:4238700
2917:: 128.
2653:WiBiLex
2307:at the
2278:bombing
2270:invaded
2140:Jericho
1942:Zeitoun
1773:Galilee
1771:in the
1756:sanjaks
1750:-based
1704:sanjaks
1673:Lebanon
1669:Tripoli
1642:sanjaks
1576:Shoubak
1517:dawadar
1477:viceroy
1447:madrasa
1370:Samaria
1321:in the
1303:Mongols
1241:Saladin
1237:Ayyubid
1217:Ascalon
1145:Persian
1134:Shafi'i
989:of the
873:Gerarit
857:Ascalon
651:Hadrian
608:In the
515:Red Sea
513:on the
401:Persian
336:Caphtor
328:Avvites
219:Lebanon
152:forces
150:British
139:Ottoman
131:Saladin
10312:Turkey
10268:Kuwait
10263:Jordan
10258:Israel
10238:Cyprus
10110:Iturea
10042:Pattin
10032:Luhuti
10027:Kummuh
9966:Tartus
9919:Ashdod
9873:Canaan
9850:Sam'al
9845:Hamath
9840:Geshur
9766:Ugarit
9756:Tadmor
9739:ʿApiru
9720:Aḫlamū
9715:ʿApiru
9701:Tuttul
9656:Aleppo
9629:Naziba
9566:Qadesh
9556:Midian
9541:Kumidi
9516:Gibeon
9496:Beruta
9491:Hauran
9487:Bashan
9482:Azzati
9457:Amalek
9428:Yamhad
9418:Ṭābetu
9403:Mukish
9358:Amurru
9318:Urkesh
9313:Ugarit
9303:Byblos
9262:Levant
9214:Portal
9066:Mexico
9056:Kuwait
9051:Jordan
9021:Canada
9016:Brazil
8853:Racism
8794:Health
8735:Cinema
8585:Cities
8105:topics
7886:Deaths
7859:Births
7835:Al Haq
6919:Tuffah
6852:Nasser
6761:Cities
6743:Canada
6708:Bureij
6668:Summil
6663:Simsim
6593:Jusayr
6528:Hamama
6508:Burayr
6503:Bil'in
5947:Tuffah
5885:Nasser
5773:
5752:
5728:
5695:
5687:
5647:
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1853:French
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1760:Meccan
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1492:Berber
1452:mosque
1396:Syrian
1327:Baysan
1305:under
1173:orange
1063:Arabic
1038:caliph
945:Jerome
869:Asalea
861:Raphia
821:Marnas
778:Julian
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718:Maiuma
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675:Athena
671:Apollo
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10322:Yemen
10307:Syria
10297:Qatar
10243:Egypt
9991:Arabs
9976:Sidon
9961:Gebal
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9951:Amrit
9929:Ekron
9904:Judah
9879:Ammon
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9501:Gebal
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9445:Barga
9413:Qatna
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9176:Kurds
9164:Other
9115:Arabs
9081:Syria
9041:Haiti
9031:Egypt
9026:Chile
8916:Radio
8896:Books
8884:Media
8868:Sport
8833:Music
8764:Dance
8643:Taxes
8478:Hamas
8473:Fatah
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7897:March
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1425:Emir
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1366:Rafah
1364:from
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1104:taxed
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987:ruler
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