1198:
275:
1742:
1105:
541:
1093:
1752:
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1069:
527:, the Sicarii, originally based in Galilee, "were fighting for a social revolution, while the Jerusalem Zealots placed less stress on the social aspect," and the Sicarii "never attached themselves to one particular family and never proclaimed any of their leaders king". Both groups objected to the way the priestly families were running the Temple.
346:
Judah of
Gaulanitis is regarded as the founder of the Zealots, who are identified as the proponents of the Fourth Philosophy. In the original sources, however, no such identification is anywhere clearly made, and the question is hardly raised of the relationship between the Sicarii, the upholders of
465:
in opposition to the rabbis' desire to seek a peace treaty with Rome. However, according to one body of tradition, the rabbis initially supported the revolt until the
Zealots instigated a civil war, at which point all hope of resisting the Romans was deemed impossible.
509:
The
Sicarii were a splinter group of the Jewish Zealots who, in the decades preceding Jerusalem's destruction in 70 CE, strongly opposed the Roman occupation of Judea and attempted to expel them and their sympathizers from the area. The Sicarii carried
412:
and collaborators, while also urging Jews to fight the Romans and other Jews for the cause. Josephus paints a very bleak picture of their activities as they instituted what he characterized as a murderous "reign of terror" prior to the
709:(1991) renders Galatians 1:14 as "being an absolute zealot for the traditions". These translations may not be inaccurate, but it is disputed by those who claim it gives the wrong association with the "Zealots".
347:
the Fourth
Philosophy, and the Zealots. Josephus himself in his general survey of the various groups of freedom fighters (War 7:268–70) enumerates the Sicarii first, whereas he mentions the Zealots last.
331:. According to Josephus, they "agree in all other things with the Pharisaic notions; but they have an inviolable attachment to liberty, and say that God is to be their only Ruler and Lord." (18.1.6)
520:, concealed in their cloaks. At public gatherings, they pulled out these daggers to attack Romans and alleged Roman sympathizers alike, blending into the crowd after the deed to escape detection.
461:(בריונים) meaning "boorish", "wild", or "ruffians", and are condemned for their aggression, their unwillingness to compromise to save the survivors of besieged Jerusalem, and their blind
469:
The
Zealots are further blamed for having contributed to the demise of Jerusalem and the Second Temple, and of ensuring Rome's retribution and stranglehold on Judea. According to the
702:
1197:
404:(66–73 CE), as they objected to Roman rule and violently sought to eradicate it by indiscriminately attacking Romans and Greeks. Another group, likely related, were the
481:
destroyed decades' worth of food and firewood in besieged
Jerusalem to force the Jews to fight the Romans out of desperation. This event precipitated the escape of
1137:
425:, escaped, came to Jerusalem, and then inspired the locals to a fanatical position that led to the Temple's destruction. They succeeded in taking over
741:
1798:
1395:
1130:
791:
686:
457:, the Zealots are characterized as non-religious, that is not following the contemporary religious leadership. They are called the
1808:
1755:
1584:
1823:
665:
may have been a Zealot, which might have been the driving force behind his persecution of the
Christians (see the stoning of
351:
Others have also argued that the group was not so clearly marked out (before the first war of 66–70/3) as some have thought.
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17:
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1049:
670:
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562:
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1430:
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148:
1813:
1665:
1172:
591:
1818:
1330:
1304:
1146:
1059:
955:
442:
401:
205:
1788:
1690:
1256:
706:
390:
573:
378:
1187:
918:
677:, even after his conversion. In the two cited verses Paul literally declares himself as one who is
558:
389:) Two of Judas of Galilee's sons, Jacob and Simon, were involved in a revolt and were executed by
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1645:
1356:
1279:
1241:
760:
551:
524:
386:
193:
31:
1410:
1346:
1182:
689:
is still debated. This does not necessarily prove Paul was revealing himself as a Zealot. The
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35:
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8:
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1325:
1309:
1294:
1261:
1109:
1073:
674:
414:
335:
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685:
observer of the Law according to the Douay-Rheims of Acts 22:3, but the relationship of
1550:
1520:
1351:
1246:
1005:"Paul's Pre-Christian Zealot Associations: A Re-examination of Gal. 1:14 and Acts 22:3"
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394:
324:
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185:
274:
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87:
72:
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1177:
755:
662:
418:
354:
312:
159:
92:
67:
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1567:
1557:
1489:
1479:
1361:
1289:
1284:
833:
233:
229:
82:
77:
1727:
1676:
1390:
1299:
1251:
1097:
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1027:
728:
661:", an article by Mark R. Fairchild takes it to mean a Zealot and suggests that
362:
328:
254:
1772:
1660:
1605:
1600:
963:
666:
654:
1382:
837:
794:, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, "A Greek-English Lexicon", at Perseus
694:
320:
197:
59:
658:
250:
1650:
1115:
650:
779:
750:
565: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
462:
374:
133:
216:
for a "fourth sect" or "fourth Jewish philosophy" during this period.
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486:
430:
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370:
304:
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128:
987:
540:
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409:
290:
213:
1512:
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723:
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422:
405:
308:
299:
states that there were three main Jewish sects at this time, the
408:, who raided Jewish settlements and killed Jews they considered
941:
718:
517:
474:
454:
382:
138:
1405:
936:
746:
434:
358:
257:
697:
renders it as 'a zealous one'. Two modern translations (the
1026:
512:
30:"Zealot" and "Zealous" redirect here. For other uses, see
27:
Political movement in 1st-century Second Temple
Judaism
960:
Rome and
Jerusalem: The Clash of Ancient Civilizations
1057:
429:
and held it until 70, when the son of Roman
Emperor
315:(also called Judas of Gamala) in 6 CE against the
894:A Life of Rabban Yohanan Ben Zakkai: Ca. I–80 C.E
1770:
742:Zealot: The Life and Times of Jesus of Nazareth
311:. The Zealots were a "fourth sect", founded by
417:. According to Josephus, the Zealots followed
1131:
1593:
866:
864:
840:'s "The New Testament and the People of God"
266:), "emulator, zealous admirer or follower".
1145:
1138:
1124:
357:was listed among the apostles selected by
204:by force of arms, most notably during the
861:
836:'s "Bandits, Prophets, and Messiahs" and
625:Learn how and when to remove this message
323:declared what had most recently been the
241:, frequently used in plural form,
737:, a modern group inspired by the Sicarii
731:, a modern group inspired by the Sicarii
687:Paul the Apostle and Jewish Christianity
273:
253:on behalf of God. The term derives from
1585:History of the Jews in the Roman Empire
954:
891:
400:The Zealots took a leading role in the
14:
1771:
1119:
1024:
489:, which led to the foundation of the
192:which sought to incite the people of
1799:Jews and Judaism in the Roman Empire
1751:
916:Solomon Schechter, Wilhelm Bacher.
563:adding citations to reliable sources
534:
530:
24:
874:, Harvard University Press, 1976,
805:"Josephus, Antiquities Book XVIII"
397:of Iudaea province from 46 to 48.
25:
1845:
1018:
639:English translations of the Bible
1750:
1741:
1740:
1196:
1103:
1091:
1079:
1067:
539:
448:
437:, retook the city and destroyed
228:, the common translation of the
997:
980:
948:
929:
910:
705:) render it as 'a zealot'. The
550:needs additional citations for
421:, who had fought the Romans in
1809:Early Christianity and Judaism
1050:New International Encyclopedia
885:
872:A History of the Jewish People
852:
843:
827:
815:
797:
785:
773:
278:Statue of Simon the Zealot by
13:
1:
1824:National liberation movements
1546:Emergence of Rabbinic Judaism
782:, Online Etymology Dictionary
703:Alternate Literal Translation
892:Neusner, Jacob (1962). "6".
325:tetrarchy of Herod Archelaus
219:
7:
1804:Ancient political movements
1666:First Jewish Revolt coinage
1173:Siege of Jerusalem (63 BCE)
824:, 2nd ed., vol. 21, p. 472
745:, a book about the life of
712:
497:, ensuring the survival of
493:and the composition of the
415:Jewish Temple's destruction
10:
1850:
671:conversion to Christianity
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29:
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1691:Siege of Jerusalem (poem)
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1511:
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1319:Judea coast and highlands
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1234:
1213:
1205:
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1165:
1153:
1025:Smith, Sydney F. (1913).
707:Unvarnished New Testament
691:Modern King James Version
242:
238:
168:
147:
121:
113:
105:
58:
49:
43:
1375:Belligerents and leaders
1188:Jacob and Simon uprising
766:
443:destruction of Jerusalem
48:
809:earlyjewishwritings.com
761:Zealots of Thessalonica
525:Hayim Hillel Ben-Sasson
523:According to historian
32:Zealot (disambiguation)
1834:First Jewish–Roman War
1611:Arch at Circus Maximus
1431:Provisional government
1183:Alexandrian riots (38)
1147:First Jewish–Roman War
641:render the Greek word
402:First Jewish–Roman War
349:
287:
206:First Jewish–Roman War
200:and expel it from the
1684:Legend of Destruction
1626:Temple of Peace, Rome
1178:Judas uprising (6 CE)
1034:Catholic Encyclopedia
1009:New Testament Studies
988:Who were the Sicarii?
485:and his meeting with
373:in Mark and Matthew (
344:
277:
212:was the term used by
196:to rebel against the
190:Second Temple Judaism
173:Second Temple Judaism
36:Zeal (disambiguation)
1794:73 disestablishments
1621:Judaea Capta coinage
1206:Military engagements
699:Jewish New Testament
559:improve this article
367:Acts of the Apostles
319:, shortly after the
280:Hermann Schievelbein
249:), means one who is
1829:Census of Quirinius
1784:1st-century Judaism
1454:Eleazar ben Hanania
924:Jewish Encyclopedia
919:"Johanan B. Zakkai"
822:Jewish Encyclopedia
675:incident at Antioch
336:Jewish Encyclopedia
317:Census of Quirinius
282:at the roof of the
1814:Jewish nationalism
1551:Yohanan ben Zakkai
1521:Menahem ben Yehuda
1011:45(4), pp. 514–532
1003:Fairchild, M. R.,
657:as the adjective "
499:rabbinical Judaism
391:Tiberius Alexander
296:Jewish Antiquities
288:
284:Helsinki Cathedral
186:political movement
156:Jewish nationalism
1819:Jewish rebellions
1766:
1765:
1634:
1633:
1580:Bar Kokhba revolt
1534:
1533:
1526:Eleazar ben Ya'ir
1503:Eleazar ben Simon
1473:Peasantry faction
1444:Joseph ben Gurion
1439:Ananus ben Ananus
1370:
1369:
1214:Early engagements
1158:Jewish–Roman wars
992:Meridian Magazine
962:. New York City:
870:H.H. Ben-Sasson,
635:
634:
627:
609:
491:Academy of Jamnia
483:Johanan ben Zakai
471:Babylonian Talmud
334:According to the
178:
177:
88:Eleazar ben Simon
73:Menahem ben Judah
18:Fourth philosophy
16:(Redirected from
1841:
1789:6 establishments
1754:
1753:
1744:
1743:
1723:Josephus problem
1656:Herodian Quarter
1591:
1590:
1498:John of Gischala
1459:Niger the Perean
1449:Joshua ben Gamla
1421:Herod Agrippa II
1379:
1378:
1340:Last strongholds
1272:Galilee campaign
1235:Gallus' campaign
1226:Alexandria riots
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663:Paul the Apostle
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531:Paul the Apostle
419:John of Gischala
355:Simon the Zealot
313:Judas of Galilee
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160:Jewish orthodoxy
93:Eleazar ben Yair
68:Judas of Galilee
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1698:The Dovekeepers
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1568:Diaspora revolt
1558:Fiscus Judaicus
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1507:
1484:
1480:Simon bar Giora
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1411:Lucilius Bassus
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966:. p. 407.
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369:. He is called
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78:John of Giscala
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994:, June 7, 2004
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570:Find sources:
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548:This section
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1074:Ancient Rome
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557:Please help
552:verification
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379:Matthew 10:4
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122:Headquarters
1651:Burnt House
1305:Mount Tabor
653::14 of the
651:Galatians 1
637:While most
615:August 2020
516:, or small
441:during the
365:and in the
338:article on
1773:Categories
1601:Tisha B'Av
1257:Beth–Horon
838:Tom Wright
751:Reza Aslan
673:, and the
585:newspapers
477::56b, the
463:militarism
395:procurator
375:Matthew 10
307:, and the
134:Gush Halav
1616:Colosseum
1573:Kitos War
1563:Sicaricon
1539:Aftermath
1401:Vespasian
1352:Machaerus
1331:Jerusalem
1295:Tarichaea
1247:1st Jaffa
858:Acts 1:13
849:Luke 6:15
574:"Zealots"
487:Vespasian
431:Vespasian
427:Jerusalem
410:apostates
387:Mark 3:18
371:Cananaean
305:Sadducees
301:Pharisees
245:,
224:The term
220:Etymology
208:(66–70).
202:Holy Land
129:Jerusalem
114:Dissolved
1746:Category
1464:Josephus
1347:Herodium
1310:Gischala
1262:Ein Gedi
958:(2008).
882:, p. 275
735:Sikrikim
713:See also
479:Biryonim
459:Biryonim
327:to be a
291:Josephus
214:Josephus
210:Zealotry
169:Religion
149:Ideology
1779:Zealots
1757:Commons
1513:Sicarii
1490:Zealots
1166:Origins
1098:Judaism
1086:History
1060:Portals
1053:. 1905.
792:Zelotes
724:Knanaya
659:zealous
649::3 and
647:Acts 22
643:zelotes
599:scholar
518:daggers
505:Sicarii
495:Mishnah
453:In the
423:Galilee
406:Sicarii
361:in the
340:Zealots
309:Essenes
270:History
264:zelotes
259:ζηλωτής
251:zealous
247:kana'im
184:were a
182:Zealots
106:Founded
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1712:Masada
1646:Judaea
1362:Masada
1357:Jardes
1290:Yodfat
1285:Gabara
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942:Gittin
900:
878:
780:Zealot
719:Eifert
683:ardent
601:
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475:Gittin
455:Talmud
393:, the
383:Mark 3
303:, the
230:Hebrew
226:zealot
139:Masada
60:Leader
1406:Titus
1300:Gamla
937:Bavli
767:Notes
747:Jesus
679:loyal
606:JSTOR
592:books
513:sicae
435:Titus
359:Jesus
255:Greek
243:קנאים
234:kanai
117:73 CE
50:קנאים
1252:Geva
968:ISBN
898:ISBN
876:ISBN
701:and
578:news
239:קנאי
180:The
109:6 CE
34:and
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749:by
693:of
645:in
561:by
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