226:
31:
883:. In the 1944 film he dies in personal combat with King Henry. In the 1989 film he is depicted as falling from his horse into the mud (historical tradition holds he was drowned in the mud due to the weight of his armour, disabled by having his horse fall on him). In the 2012 film he is shot by a longbowman after stabbing the
446:
Discontinuity in the dates for
Constable tenure may be due to an incomplete record of governmental and episcopal acts or the temporary assumption of duties by other officials or unnamed deputies during transitional periods, but there is no evidence that the role of Grand Constable was ever fully
447:
vacated or unfilled. For example, Baldric de Dreux acquired a deadly infection, became a monk, and was miraculously healed, during which time either
Baldric or the Seneschal appointed a deputy and Baldric resumed his lifelong service as Constable after recovering from his illness.
432:
such as
England etc.) on a royal prince of the blood of his choice; who thus became the Commanding general of the entire kingdom, in effect, with supreme command over the civil service, the army and even the
251:. Joyeuse was a sword made with fragments of different swords and used in the Sacre of the French Kings since at least 1271. It was contained in a blue scabbard embellished with royal symbol, the
211:) was bestowed on the most outstanding military leaders. The recipient had command authority over all the French armies and garrisons who were engaged in war, and was senior to the
293:
428:
was not a military rank, but a royal appointment. It was bestowed by the King of France during times of crisis (civil war, a severe illness of the King, war with other
337:– the highest regular general officer rank of the French army to which a career army officer could be promoted on the basis of seniority and merit, and not noble blood
267:
in 1191, the Connétable became the most important officer in the army, and as First
Officer of the Crown, he ranked in ceremonial precedence immediately after the
326:– a special category of general in the Royal French army, commanding all the regiments of the same branch of service (i.e. Cavalry, Dragoons, Infantry et al.)
1485:
1318:
1048:
1353:
731:
168:
255:, in column order from hilt to point. Traditionally, the constable was presented with the sword on taking his office by the King himself.
279:; he was also responsible for the financing of the army, and administering military justice. The official name of the jurisdiction was
1373:
650:
626:
320:). However, during exceptional times the Marshal of France could be senior to the Constable, depending on the decisions of the King
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725:
678:
17:
768:
404:
98:
1041:
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1470:
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947:
656:
566:
1505:
1386:
1325:
1034:
560:
1179:
638:
518:
1495:
608:
699:
662:
644:
767:. Bonaparte declined the offer. However, in 1808, Emperor Napoléon I (since 1804) did himself appoint the
1305:
1268:
578:
419:
386:
334:
106:
1490:
512:
1021:
798:
494:
396:
202:
809:. Both titles were of a purely honorific nature, and disappeared with the Napoleonic regime's fall.
545:
1417:
1348:
1273:
791:
684:
590:
323:
230:
225:
692:
1131:
359:
157:
in 1060 AD, with
Alberic becoming the first Constable. The office was abolished in 1627, with an
1378:
1057:
719:
110:
375:– a prestigious honorary position, not an army rank, which gave the right to carry the King's
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1278:
910:
756:
1284:
1237:
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602:
596:
584:
539:
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524:
114:
49:
407:
an immediate subordinate of the King and was no longer under the command of the
Constable.
8:
1500:
1242:
876:
868:
860:
852:
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705:
672:
632:
620:
572:
503:
35:
1337:
763:
of the
Republic, the title of "Constable of France" if he would restore the Bourbons as
341:
176:
The position was officially replaced by the purely ceremonial title "Dean of
Marshals" (
1016:
959:
831:
482:
162:
154:
823:
437:, until the moment the King chose to take back the supreme authority in his own hands.
403:). From the beginning of the 17th century, the Grand Master of the Artillery became a
217:, but had none of the extended political powers of the earlier "Constable of France".
1363:
943:
880:
788:
614:
313:
301:
288:
275:. The constable had under his command all military officers, including the powerful
272:
268:
183:
118:
144:; or in modern French orthography which sticks closer to the correct pronunciation:
1444:
1343:
1161:
748:
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713:
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776:
553:
371:
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122:
71:
1143:
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839:
835:
818:
764:
456:
102:
94:
1464:
1312:
1291:
1101:
827:
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84:
173:, in order to strengthen the immediate authority of the King over his army.
1137:
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134:
was also responsible for military justice and served to regulate the
271:. He had the position of Lieutenant-general of the King within the
205:
or more precisely "Marshal
General of the King's camps and armies" (
1423:
1208:
1190:
864:
135:
286:(the constabulary), which he exercised with the assistance of the
1331:
1203:
909:– believed by some to have been appointed Constable of France by
307:
276:
243:
41:
1404:
1213:
1197:
1184:
1107:
121:. He was, at least on paper, the highest-ranking member of the
1430:
429:
158:
90:
79:
353:) – the lowest general officer rank, in later times renamed
1248:
708:, Grand Maitre de France (1492–1567), 1538–1567
635:, Comte de Dreux (died 1415– Agincourt), 1413–1415
623:, Comte de Dreux (died 1415– Agincourt), 1402–1411
241:
The badge of office was a highly elaborate sword called
198:
is used in French mainly in the sense of "the eldest".
671:(1384/1390–1453), 1445–1453 (appointed by
509:
Dreux IV de Mello (1148–1218), 1194–1218
450:
887:in the back in woodland away from the main battle.
27:
First
Officer of the Crown in the Kingdom of France
989:. Fayetteville, NC: Domesday DNA. pp. 32–35.
1462:
138:. His jurisdiction was called the Constabulary (
491:Hugues le Borgne de Chanmont, 1108–1135
393:) who was in charge of all archers in the army
308:Persons subordinate to the Constable of France
1042:
229:Constable of France sword, on display at the
212:
206:
193:
187:
177:
166:
145:
139:
129:
55:
47:
39:
208:Maréchal général des camps et armées du Roi
82:
1354:Marshal of the Mongolian People's Republic
1056:
1049:
1035:
842:) to be Constable of France for one week.
500:Simon de Neauphle-le-Chateau, 1165–?
292:(Marshals of France). This paralleled the
1374:Marshal of the German Democratic Republic
984:
651:Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham
513:Mathieu II le Grand, Baron de Montmorency
412:NOT UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE CONSTABLE:
304:, which existed in England at that time.
463:Baldric de Dreux, 20 May 1043–1069
224:
29:
855:, Comte de Dreux, who was appointed by
845:Various versions of Shakespeare's play
773:Grands Dignitaires de l'Empire Français
732:François de Bonne, Duke of Lesdiguières
679:Louis de Luxembourg, Count of Saint-Pol
569:and GuĂ®nes (died 1350), 1344–1350
536:Humbert VI de Beaujeu (died 1285), 1277
441:
93:of the stables') was lieutenant to the
14:
1463:
769:Grand Dignitaries of the French Empire
738:
579:Jacques de Bourbon, Count of La Marche
169:François de Bonne, duc de Lesdiguières
1486:Military history of the Ancien RĂ©gime
1030:
563:and GuĂ®nes (d. 1344), 1329–1344
263:After the abolition of the office of
980:
978:
726:Charles d'Albert, 1st Duke of Luynes
391:Grand-Maître des Arbalétriers du Roi
182:), who was in fact the most senior "
117:) and the commander-in-chief of the
669:John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury
581:, (1319–1362) 1354–1356
488:Gaston de Chanmont, 1107–1108
401:Grand-Maître de l'Artillerie royale
153:The office was established by King
24:
879:, and by Maxime Lefrancois in the
775:), among them his younger brother
734:(1543–1626), 1622–1626
722:(1534–1614), 1593–1614
702:(1490–1527), 1518–1523
687:(1426–1488), 1483–1488
675:in his position as king of France)
647:(1365–1431), 1418–1424
617:(1341–1402), 1397–1402
611:(1358–1397), 1392–1397
605:(1336–1407), 1380–1392
599:(1320–1380), 1370–1380
593:(1308–1372), 1356–1370
548:(1249–1329), 1307–1329
357:and equivalent to the present-day
220:
25:
1517:
1369:Marshal of the Russian Federation
1010:
975:
451:Constables of the Kings of France
97:, the first of the original five
1003:, (Boydell Press, 2002) 250–251.
747:regime (1799–1804), the deposed
657:John Stewart, 2nd Earl of Buchan
567:Raoul II of Brienne, Count of Eu
469:Alberic (Baldric's deputy), 1060
783:by decision of his brother) as
681:(1418–1475), 1465–?
665:(1393–1458), 1425–?
561:Raoul I of Brienne, Count of Eu
466:Walter (Baldric's deputy), 1048
420:Lieutenant-general of the Realm
247:, after the legendary sword of
993:
966:
952:
932:
923:
639:Bernard VII, Count of Armagnac
13:
1:
960:"Great Officers of the Crown"
940:The Complete Book of Heraldry
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609:Philip of Artois, Count of Eu
478:Adam le Isle, 1075–1085
424:Lieutenant général du royaume
1476:Offices in the Ancien RĂ©gime
972:Le petit Larousse 2013, p629
929:Le petit Larousse 2013, p361
700:Charles III, Duke of Bourbon
663:Arthur III, Duke of Brittany
645:Charles II, Duke of Lorraine
641:(died 1418), 1415–1418
629:(died 1415), 1411–1413
575:(died 1354), 1350–1354
542:(died 1302), 1277–1302
533:(died 1276), 1250–1276
527:(died 1250), 1240–1250
521:(died 1241), 1231–1240
515:(died 1231), 1218–1231
506:(died 1191), 1174–1191
258:
7:
1269:First marshal of the empire
890:
627:Waleran, Count of Saint Pol
387:Grand Master of Crossbowmen
349:), not to be confused with
294:Court of the Lord Constable
99:Great Officers of the Crown
10:
1522:
1471:Military history of France
985:Edgeworth, Daniel (2020).
659:(c. 1381–1424), 1424
587:(c. 1304–1356), 1356
405:Great Officer of the Crown
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1226:
1096:
1089:
1064:
812:
497:(died 1160), 1138–?
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472:Gauthier, 1069–1071
397:Grand Master of Artillery
203:Marshal General of France
167:
56:
48:
40:
1481:Military ranks of France
1418:Supreme Allied Commander
1349:Marshal of the air force
1274:General of the Air Force
863:(1415). He is played by
830:), who was appointed by
792:Louis Alexandre Berthier
685:John II, Duke of Bourbon
591:Robert Moreau de Fiennes
1132:Domestic of the Schools
938:p172, Slater, Stephen,
483:Seigneur de Montmorency
347:(Military) Camp Marshal
1506:1627 disestablishments
1379:Field marshal (Uganda)
1058:Highest military ranks
859:and was killed in the
720:Henri I de Montmorency
546:Gaucher V de Châtillon
495:Mathieu de Montmorency
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751:dynasty, through the
228:
33:
1496:Constables of France
1285:Generalfeldmarschall
1238:Admiral of the fleet
1022:French Heraldry site
857:Charles VI of France
755:, allegedly offered
603:Olivier V de Clisson
597:Bertrand du Guesclin
585:Walter VI of Brienne
540:Raoul II de Clermont
531:Gilles de Trasignies
525:Humbert V de Beaujeu
442:Constables of France
435:Connétable de France
165:, upon the death of
131:Connétable de France
76:Connétable de France
50:Bertrand du Guesclin
18:Connétable de France
1243:Admiral of the Navy
1127:Constable of France
902:Lord High Constable
861:Battle of Agincourt
739:First French Empire
706:Anne de Montmorency
673:Henry VI of England
573:Charles de la Cerda
504:Raoul I de Clermont
289:Maréchaux de France
214:Maréchaux de France
179:Doyen des maréchaux
68:Constable of France
38:presents the sword
36:Charles V of France
757:Napoléon Bonaparte
519:Amaury de Montfort
360:général de brigade
335:Lieutenant-general
318:Maréchal de France
239:
189:Maréchal de France
163:Cardinal Richelieu
64:
1491:Kingdom of France
1458:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1364:Marshal of Poland
1222:
1221:
999:Richard Vaughan,
851:depict Constable
615:Louis de Sancerre
485:, 1085–1107
365:brigadier-general
314:Marshal of France
302:Court of Chivalry
184:Marshal of France
46:to the Constable
16:(Redirected from
1513:
1344:Marshal of Italy
1231:
1230:
1162:Magister militum
1094:
1093:
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1004:
1001:Charles the Bold
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956:
950:
942:(Lorenz, 2002),
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853:Charles d'Albret
759:, at that time
693:Valois AngoulĂŞme
633:Charles d'Albret
621:Charles d'Albret
342:Maréchal de camp
231:Musée de l'Armée
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201:The later title
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44:
34:2 October 1369:
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1412:Reichsmarschall
1359:Marshal of Peru
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1071:General officer
1060:
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453:
444:
372:Porte-Oriflamme
324:Colonel-general
310:
298:curia militaris
296:, later called
261:
223:
221:Badge of office
192:); as the word
123:French nobility
54:; miniature by
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1383:Yugoslavia
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907:Joan of Arc
838:(played by
826:(played by
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779:, (in 1806
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417:The title "
345:(literally
283:connétablie
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147:connétablie
107:chamberlain
1501:Constables
1465:Categories
1263:Dai-gensui
1169:Megas doux
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917:References
119:Royal Army
115:chancellor
1438:Yuanshuai
1180:Rigsmarsk
1175:Polemarch
1149:Imperator
1121:Beylerbey
1017:Heraldica
897:Constable
881:2012 film
877:1989 film
869:1944 film
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785:Constable
745:Consulate
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381:Oriflamme
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1424:Taewonsu
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891:See also
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379:(called
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1090:Ancient
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749:Bourbon
330:General
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