142:
156:
27:
309:. However, many of these were less adapted to the lime-rich soils that were common in France's vineyards, in particular many of those that produced wines of top quality. Many grafted vines in lime-rich vineyards therefore showed signs of iron deficiency, and in France this specific form of chlorosis was termed
313:
The problem was largely overcome by the selection of lime-resistant
American vines as basis for hybrid vines used for rootstock material. However, since such rootstocks may be less than optimal in other respects, it is necessary for the viticulturalist to balance the need for chlorosis resistance
362:
compounds in various combinations. If the soil is too acidic, applying lime can raise the pH to the proper range, making more nutrients available to the plant. Likewise, sulfur can be used to lower soil pH if it is too alkaline.
529:
Pests of
Landscaped Trees and Shrubs: An Integrated Pest Management Guide By Steve H. Dreistadt, Jack Kelly Clark, p. 284, Regents of the University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources,
166:
Chlorosis is typically caused when leaves do not have enough nutrients to synthesise all the chlorophyll they need. It can be brought about by a combination of factors including:
46:. As chlorophyll is responsible for the green color of leaves, chlorotic leaves are pale, yellow, or yellow-white. The affected plant has little or no ability to manufacture
93:, the most common symptom of poor nutrition in grapevines is the yellowing of grape leaves caused by chlorosis and the subsequent loss of chlorophyll. This is often seen in
314:
against other viticultural needs. This is illustrated by one of the most common lime-resistant rootstocks, 41 B, which is a hybrid between
553:"Prospects for biological control of Ambrosia artemisiifolia in Europe: learning from the past: Biological control of Ambrosia in Europe"
711:
970:
765:
652:
614:
745:
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459:
54:
and may die unless the cause of its chlorophyll insufficiency is treated and this may lead to a plant disease called
785:
750:
821:
780:
704:
760:
732:
552:
258:
404:"Functional specialization amongst the Arabidopsis Toc159 family of chloroplast protein import receptors"
479:
669:
544:
944:
790:
697:
639:
601:
755:
253:
are susceptible to chlorosis, and symptoms of iron deficiency tend to be common on soils rich in
122:
644:
634:
606:
596:
551:
Gerber, E; Schaffner, U; Gassmann, A; Hinz, H L; Seier, M; Müller-Schärer, H (December 2011).
816:
775:
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60:
8:
887:
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20:
428:
403:
141:
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455:
433:
305:
211:
509:
836:
567:
423:
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372:
351:
326:, which generally has a sufficient, but not extremely high, Phylloxera resistance.
539:
857:
800:
720:
630:
592:
299:
126:
106:
913:
689:
377:
263:
233:
However, the exact conditions vary from plant type to plant type. For example,
51:
964:
831:
293:
94:
30:
An albino corn plant with no chlorophyll (left) beside a normal plant (right)
129:. In these soils the grapevine often struggles to pull sufficient levels of
949:
877:
862:
437:
419:
347:
170:
a specific mineral deficiency in the soil, such as iron, magnesium or zinc
114:
110:
98:
47:
541:
Trees for
Problem Landscape Sites -- Air Pollution, Virginia Tech May 2009
928:
852:
493:
Botany for
Gardeners, p. 178, 3rd edition, Brian Capon, Timber Press 2010
274:
155:
147:
118:
90:
43:
724:
382:
269:
250:
220:
86:
meaning "greenish-yellow", "pale green", "pale", "pallid", or "fresh".
355:
319:
282:
254:
193:
189:
69:
359:
335:
923:
339:
226:
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72:
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at which minerals become unavailable for absorption by the roots
26:
234:
102:
35:
133:
which is a needed component in the production of chlorophyll.
287:
159:
215:
presence of any number of bacterial pathogens, for instance
550:
343:
238:
201:
197:
130:
643:(3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp.
605:(3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp.
670:"Chlorosis in Plants: Causes, Symptoms, Best Treatment"
472:
Control of Iron
Chlorosis in Ornamental and Crop Plants
402:
Kubis S, Patel R, Combe J, et al. (August 2004).
58:, although some chlorotic plants, such as the albino
42:
is a condition in which leaves produce insufficient
962:
719:
629:
591:
401:
342:) may be corrected by supplemental feedings of
454:pg 16, Second Revised Edition (2012), London,
452:"Wine and Spirits: Understanding Wine Quality"
705:
489:
487:
712:
698:
503:
501:
499:
427:
484:
273:, chlorosis became a greater problem in
154:
140:
25:
496:
338:deficiencies (often aggravated by high
285:based on American species of the genus
97:that are high in limestone such as the
963:
277:. To deal with the Phylloxera blight,
693:
510:"Focus on Plant Problems - Chlorosis"
507:
196:may cause chlorosis, both to target
667:
450:Wine & Spirits Education Trust
444:
13:
219:that causes complete chlorosis on
173:deficient nitrogen and/or proteins
14:
982:
244:
241:is unharmed by waterlogged soil.
210:ozone injury to sensitive plants
183:poor drainage (waterlogged roots)
572:10.1111/j.1365-3180.2011.00879.x
217:Pseudomonas syringae pv. tagetis
661:
623:
478:, Salt Lake City, August 1996)
151:leaf with interveinal chlorosis
585:
533:
523:
470:Koenig, Rich and Kuhns, Mike:
464:
395:
186:damaged and/or compacted roots
68:, are viable if supplied with
1:
971:Physiological plant disorders
388:
329:
237:grow best in acidic soil and
259:The Great French Wine Blight
19:For the form of anemia, see
7:
756:Magnesium deficiency#Plants
366:
207:exposure to sulphur dioxide
16:Medical condition in plants
10:
987:
82:is derived from the Greek
18:
937:
906:
845:
809:
731:
674:www.helpfulhomeadvice.com
136:
945:Algal nutrient solutions
791:Micronutrient deficiency
640:Oxford Companion to Wine
602:Oxford Companion to Wine
512:. University of Illinois
249:Like many other plants,
200:and occasionally to the
822:Phosphorus assimilation
225:fungal infection, e.g.
420:10.1105/tpc.104.023309
163:
152:
31:
817:Nitrogen assimilation
776:Phosphorus deficiency
766:Molybdenum deficiency
476:Utah State University
158:
144:
29:
832:Microbial assistance
781:Potassium deficiency
761:Manganese deficiency
162:shrub with chlorosis
61:Arabidopsis thaliana
888:Nutrient management
827:Sulfur assimilation
771:Nitrogen deficiency
346:, in the form of a
919:Nutrient pollution
893:Organic fertilizer
883:Nutrient budgeting
746:Calcium deficiency
311:chlorose calcaire.
164:
153:
32:
21:Hypochromic anemia
958:
957:
898:Plant tissue test
873:Hydroponic dosers
868:Hoagland solution
654:978-0-19-860990-2
616:978-0-19-860990-2
508:Schuster, James.
306:Vitis berlandieri
281:was grafted onto
267:were affected by
257:. In the wake of
192:and particularly
978:
938:Related concepts
837:Photorespiration
741:Boron deficiency
714:
707:
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373:Forest pathology
261:, when European
986:
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980:
979:
977:
976:
975:
961:
960:
959:
954:
933:
902:
858:Fertilizer tree
841:
805:
801:Fertilizer burn
786:Zinc deficiency
751:Iron deficiency
727:
721:Plant nutrition
718:
688:
687:
678:
676:
666:
662:
655:
631:Jancis Robinson
628:
624:
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593:Jancis Robinson
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469:
465:
449:
445:
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396:
391:
369:
332:
300:Vitis rupestris
247:
139:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
984:
974:
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956:
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953:
952:
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926:
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916:
914:Soil fertility
910:
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748:
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729:
728:
717:
716:
709:
702:
694:
686:
685:
668:Gardner, Eva.
660:
653:
633:, ed. (2006).
622:
615:
595:, ed. (2006).
584:
566:(6): 559–573.
543:
532:
522:
495:
483:
463:
443:
414:(8): 2059–77.
393:
392:
390:
387:
386:
385:
380:
378:Phytopathology
375:
368:
365:
331:
328:
324:V. berlandieri
264:Vitis vinifera
246:
245:In grape vines
243:
231:
230:
223:
213:
208:
205:
204:being treated.
187:
184:
181:
174:
171:
138:
135:
95:vineyard soils
52:photosynthesis
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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907:Miscellaneous
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560:Weed Research
554:
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473:
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460:9781905819157
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296:
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294:Vitis riparia
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63:
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57:
53:
49:
48:carbohydrates
45:
41:
37:
28:
22:
950:Biostimulant
878:Living mulch
863:Green manure
810:Assimilation
795:
677:. Retrieved
673:
663:
638:
625:
600:
587:
575:. Retrieved
563:
559:
546:
535:
525:
514:. Retrieved
471:
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111:Spanish wine
99:Italian wine
88:
83:
79:
77:
65:
59:
55:
39:
33:
929:Agrobiology
853:Fertigation
635:"Rootstock"
597:"Chlorosis"
316:V. vinifera
279:V. vinifera
275:viticulture
251:grape vines
148:Liquidambar
121:regions of
119:French wine
91:viticulture
44:chlorophyll
733:Imbalances
725:Fertilizer
679:2023-05-26
577:8 November
516:2008-12-22
408:Plant Cell
389:References
383:Virescence
330:Treatments
291:, such as
270:Phylloxera
221:Asteraceae
194:herbicides
190:pesticides
113:region of
101:region of
796:Chlorosis
356:magnesium
334:Specific
320:Chasselas
318:cultivar
283:rootstock
255:limestone
123:Champagne
80:chlorosis
78:The word
70:exogenous
40:chlorosis
965:Category
438:15273297
367:See also
360:nitrogen
352:sulphate
336:nutrient
127:Burgundy
117:and the
107:Piedmont
50:through
924:Soil pH
846:Methods
348:chelate
340:soil pH
235:Azaleas
227:Bakanae
178:soil pH
105:in the
84:khloros
73:sucrose
64:mutant
651:
613:
458:
436:
429:519198
426:
303:, and
137:Causes
109:, the
103:Barolo
36:botany
645:591–3
556:(PDF)
288:Vitis
198:weeds
160:Lemon
115:Rioja
56:rusts
649:ISBN
611:ISBN
579:2022
530:2004
456:ISBN
434:PMID
344:iron
322:and
239:rice
202:crop
131:iron
125:and
66:ppi2
607:170
568:doi
480:p.3
474:. (
424:PMC
416:doi
358:or
350:or
89:In
34:In
967::
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637:.
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